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Journal articles on the topic 'Southern Highlands'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 20 February 2023

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1

Davies, Caroline Pickens. "Holocene Paleoclimates of Southern Arabia from Lacustrine Deposits of the Dhamar Highlands, Yemen." Quaternary Research 66, no. 3 (November 2006): 454–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.yqres.2006.05.007.

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AbstractThis paper presents new evidence from the Dhamar highlands, Yemen, of paleohydrologic response to fluctuations in Holocene climate. Stratigraphic, geochemical, and chronological analyses of highland peat and lacustrine deposits contribute to knowledge of the timing of early Holocene moisture changes on the Arabian Peninsula, providing a backdrop to understanding early cultural development in the Arabian highlands. The location of the Dhamar highlands, characterized by intermontane valleys surrounded by the highest mountains on the Arabian Peninsula and adjacent to the Indian Ocean is ideal for examining the influence of the Indian Ocean Monsoon (IOM) on the moisture history of this region. Fluctuations in the lacustrine and paleosol records of the Dhamar highlands reflect both local changes in paleohydrology and regional influences on the Holocene paleoclimatic conditions in southwest Arabia. In addition, a peat deposit with a radiocarbon age of 10,253 ± 10,560 cal yr BP documents some of the earliest Holocene high moisture conditions on the Arabian Peninsula.

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2

Blomster, Jeffrey P., and Víctor E. Salazar Chávez. "Origins of the Mesoamerican ballgame: Earliest ballcourt from the highlands found at Etlatongo, Oaxaca, Mexico." Science Advances 6, no. 11 (March 2020): eaay6964. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aay6964.

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The ballgame represents one of the most enduring and iconic features of ancient Mesoamerican civilization, yet its origins and evolution remain poorly understood, primarily associated with the Gulf Coast and southern Pacific coastal lowlands. While one early ballcourt dates to 1650 BCE from the Chiapas lowlands, ballcourts have remained undocumented in the Mesoamerican highlands until a millennium later, suggesting less involvement by highland civilizations in the ballgame’s evolution. We provide new data from the southern highlands of Mexico, from the Early Formative period (1500–1000 BCE), that necessitate revising previous paradigms. Along with ballplayer imagery, we recently excavated the earliest highland Mesoamerican ballcourt, dating to 1374 BCE, at the site of Etlatongo, in the Mixtec region of Oaxaca. We conclude that Early Formative highland villagers played an important role in the origins of the formal Mesoamerican ballgame, which later evolved into a crucial component of subsequent states.

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3

Stahl, Peter W. "Selective Faunal Provisioning in the Southern Highlands of Formative Ecuador." Latin American Antiquity 16, no. 3 (September 2005): 313–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/30042496.

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AbstractAnalysis of a large animal bone assemblage from the Formative archaeological site of Challuabamba in Ecuador’s southern highlands provides additional evidence for the existence of local and extra-local trade connections during the second millennium B.C. Previous archaeological research has established that Formative occupants of this highland region accessed various maritime and terrestrial routes for the long-distance exchange of exotic goods with different highland and lowland areas throughout the Andes. The Formative zooarchaeological record at Challuabamba clearly implicates the provisioning of select high yield body portions of deer and the importation of exotic taxa, or parts thereof most likely from lowland sources directly to the west. Taphonomic analyses and zooarchaeological identification of the Challuabamba assemblage offer additional corroborating evidence for the early operation of prehispanic trade systems in the Northern Andes.

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4

Hoehnle, Peter. "Weavers of the Southern Highlands." Agricultural History 78, no. 3 (July 1, 2004): 366–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00021482-78.3.366.

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5

Boris, Eileen, and Philis Alvic. "Weavers of the Southern Highlands." Journal of Southern History 70, no. 3 (August 1, 2004): 709. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/27648536.

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6

Macleod, Alasdair J. "The Days of the Fathers: John Kennedy of Dingwall and the Writing of Highland Church History." Scottish Church History 49, no. 2 (October 2020): 123–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/sch.2020.0032.

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Between 1843 and 1900, the evangelical Presbyterianism of the Highlands of Scotland diverged from that of Lowland Scotland. That divergence was chiefly the product of Lowland change, as southern evangelicals increasingly rejected Calvinistic theology, conservative practices in worship, and high views of Biblical inspiration. The essay addresses the question why this divergence occurred: why did the Highlands largely reject this course of change? This article argues for the significance of the historical writings of John Kennedy (1819–84), minister of Dingwall Free Church, the ‘Spurgeon of the Highlands’. In his book, The Days of the Fathers in Ross-shire (1861), Kennedy offered a commendatory if sentimental account of the history of a conceptualised Highland Church, which, by implication, challenged readers of his own day to uphold the same priorities. This article demonstrates that by his writing of history, Kennedy helped to guide the trajectory of evangelicalism in the Highlands in a conservative direction that emphasised personal piety, self-examination of religious experience, and theological orthodoxy, in consistency with the Highland ‘fathers’. Kennedy's work was influential in instilling a new confidence and cohesion in the Highland Church around its distinctive principles, in opposition to the course of Lowland evangelicalism. Finally, Kennedy's influence became evident in the divergence between Highland and Lowland evangelicalism, which led eventually to divisions in 1893 and 1900, when his heirs took up separate institutional forms, as the Free Presbyterian Church and continuing Free Church, to maintain these principles.

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7

Ogburn, Dennis E. "Obsidian in Southern Ecuador: The Carboncillo Source." Latin American Antiquity 22, no. 1 (March 2011): 97–120. http://dx.doi.org/10.7183/1045-6635.22.1.97.

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AbstractThe Carboncillo area in the southern highlands of Ecuador is identified as the only confirmed source of archaeological obsidian located in the country outside of the northern highlands and is the first identified in the large gap between the known Ecuadorian and Peruvian sources. With the identification of this source, it can no longer be assumed that all obsidian found in Ecuador came from sources in the northern highlands. Thus the Carboncillo source has significant implications for interpreting patterns of long-distance exchange in the Andes, especially in southern Ecuador and the far north of Peru. A geochemical analysis of the Carboncillo material shows that it can be easily distinguished from the obsidian from other Ecuadorian sources. A provenance study of archaeological obsidian samples from the southern highlands of Ecuador using x-ray fluorescence demonstrates that the Carboncillo obsidian was used at the Preceramic site of Chobshi Cave and at a number of late prehispanic sites in the Saraguro region. The results indicate a high level of sociopolitical and economic isolation in late prehistory, most likely tied to a preoccupation with warfare between neighboring groups, and provide additional evidence that the economic organization of the southern highlands differed markedly from that of the north during this time.

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8

WALKER, S. M., A. E. MAKUNDI, F. V. NAMUBA, A. A. KASSUKU, J. KEYYU, E. M. HOEY, P. PRÖDOHL, J. R. STOTHARD, and A. TRUDGETT. "The distribution ofFasciola hepaticaandFasciola giganticawithin southern Tanzania – constraints associated with the intermediate host." Parasitology 135, no. 4 (January 21, 2008): 495–503. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182007004076.

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SUMMARYIn East Africa,Fasciola giganticais generally the causative agent of fasciolosis but there have been reports ofF. hepaticain cattle from highland regions of Kenya, Ethiopia, Uganda and Zaire. The topography of the Southern Highlands of Tanzania provides an environment where the climatic conditions exist for the sustenance of lymnaeid species capable of supporting bothFasciola hepaticaandF. gigantica. Theoretically this would allow interaction between fasciolid species and the possible creation of hybrids. In this report we present molecular data confirming the existence of the snail,Lymnaea truncatula, at high altitude on the Kitulo Plateau of the Southern Highlands, Tanzania, along with morphometric and molecular data confirming the presence ofF. hepaticain the corresponding area. At lower altitudes, where climatic conditions were unfavourable for the existence ofL. truncatula, the presence of its sister speciesL. natalensiswas confirmed by molecular data along with its preferred fasciolid parasite,F. gigantica. Analysis based on a 618 bp sequence of the 28S rRNA gene did not reveal the presence of hybrid fasciolids in our fluke samples.

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9

Mbululo, Yassin, and Fatuma Nyihirani. "Climate Characteristics over Southern Highlands Tanzania." Atmospheric and Climate Sciences 02, no. 04 (2012): 454–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/acs.2012.24039.

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10

Barker, Garry. "Weavers of the Southern Highlands: Berea." Appalachian Heritage 22, no. 2 (1994): 70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/aph.1994.0027.

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11

Orr, Mabel Chappell, and Mary E. Lynn Drew. "Heroic Women of the Southern Highlands." Appalachian Heritage 26, no. 2 (1998): 42–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/aph.1998.0095.

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12

NURALIEV, MAXIM S., HIRONORI TOYAMA, CHI-MING HU, SHI-XIAO LUO, DMITRY F. LYSKOV, ANDREY N. KUZNETSOV, SVETLANA P. KUZNETSOVA, BUI HONG QUANG, TRAN DUC BINH, and DUONG THI HOAN. "Three new national records from Kon Chu Rang Nature Reserve, Vietnam: Euphorbia bokorensis, Glochidion geoffrayi and Lysimachia nutantiflora." Phytotaxa 574, no. 1 (November 25, 2022): 73–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.574.1.4.

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We report three species of angiosperms found in Kon Chu Rang Nature Reserve representing new records for Vietnam. Kon Chu Rang Nature Reserve is located in the Central Highlands of Vietnam, being a part of a recently established Kon Ha Nung Highland Biosphere Reserve. Euphorbia bokorensis (Euphorbiaceae) appears to be widely distributed throughout the Central Highlands of Vietnam, although it was earlier known from Cambodia and Laos only. Pistillate flowers are for the first time described for E. bokorensis. Glochidion geoffrayi (Phyllanthaceae) was considered endemic to southern Cambodia, and Lysimachia nutantiflora (Primulaceae) was only known from Guangxi, China. For each species, we provide analytical photographs, information on its habitat, phenology, distribution and studied specimens.

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13

LEDERMAN, RENA. "southern perspectives on the New Guinea Highlands." American Ethnologist 14, no. 2 (May 1987): 340–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/ae.1987.14.2.02a00100.

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14

Tatchell, R. J., and E. Easton. "Tick (Acari: Ixodidae) ecological studies in Tanzania." Bulletin of Entomological Research 76, no. 2 (June 1986): 229–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007485300014711.

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AbstractTicks were regularly collected from cattle along transects in Sukumaland and the Southern Highlands, Tanzania, and from locations near Tabora, Mbeya, Arusha and Dar es Salaam from 1973 to 1976. Marked seasonal variation in abundance occurred in Rhipicephalus appendiculatus Neumann in the Southern Highlands (but not in Sukumaland) and in Amblyomma variegatum (F.) near Tabora. It was possible to detect Theileria parva antibodies in cattle sera from the Southern Highlands only during the season of R. appendiculatus adult abundance. Despite this there was no evidence of enzootic instability of the disease. The results demonstrate that the behaviour and distributions of these and the other species of ticks found are not fixed and constant but vary according to a complicated interplay of factors as yet imperfectly understood, such as climate and vegetation and host density, susceptibility and grazing habits.

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15

Metz, Nicholas D., Heather M. Archambault, Alan F. Srock, Thomas J. Galarneau, and Lance F. Bosart. "A Comparison of South American and African Preferential Pathways for Extreme Cold Events." Monthly Weather Review 141, no. 6 (June 1, 2013): 2066–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/mwr-d-12-00202.1.

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Abstract In the Southern Hemisphere, a relatively well-known preferential pathway along which cold air surges equatorward is situated to the east of the Andes Mountains. In this study, a second preferred pathway is identified to the east of the African Highlands, with additional minor pathways identified east of the Brazilian Highlands and Madagascar. The primary objective of this study is to compare climatological and synoptic characteristics of extreme cold events (ECEs) along the Andes and African Highlands pathways. ECEs are defined as the top 1% coldest 925-hPa temperatures within the Andes and the African Highlands pathways using the 1977–2001 subset of the 2.5° × 2.5° 40-yr European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) Re-Analysis (ERA-40). ECEs within the Andes and African Highlands pathways are associated with dynamically forced anticyclogenesis and have low-level characteristics that vary substantially. Along the Andes pathway, ECEs feature 925-hPa temperatures as much as 17°C below normal, with 925-hPa southerly winds ranging from 0 to 10 m s−1 and 925–700-hPa lapse rates as low as −3°C km−1. In contrast, ECEs along the African Highlands pathway feature 925-hPa temperatures up to 10°C below normal, with 925-hPa southerly winds ranging from 5 to 15 m s−1, and 925–700-hPa lapse rates generally between 2° and 5°C km−1. Composite analyses reveal that despite stronger southerly winds, ECEs along the African Highlands pathway are typically not as cold or stable as those along the Andes pathway because cold air from Antarctica must traverse a longer distance over water to reach Africa.

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16

Fasina, Folorunso O., Henry Kissinga, Fredy Mlowe, Samora Mshang’a, Benedict Matogo, Abnery Mrema, Adam Mhagama, et al. "Drivers, Risk Factors and Dynamics of African Swine Fever Outbreaks, Southern Highlands, Tanzania." Pathogens 9, no. 3 (February 25, 2020): 155. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens9030155.

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African swine fever remains an important pig disease globally in view of its rapid spread, economic impacts and food implications, with no option of vaccination or treatment. The Southern Highlands zone of Tanzania, an important pig-producing hub in East Africa, is endemic with African swine fever (ASF). From approximately the year 2010, the recurrence of outbreaks has been observed and it has now become a predictable pattern. We conducted exploratory participatory epidemiology and participatory disease surveillance in the Southern Highlands to understand the pig sector and the drivers and facilitators of infections, risk factors and dynamics of ASF in this important pig-producing area. Pigs continue to play a major role in rural livelihoods in the Southern Highlands and pork is a major animal protein source. Outbreaks of diseases, particularly ASF, have continued to militate against the scaling up of pig operations in the Southern Highlands. Intra- and inter-district and trans-border transnational outbreaks of ASF, the most common disease in the Southern Highlands, continue to occur. Trade and marketing systems, management systems, and lack of biosecurity, as well as anthropogenic (human) issues, animals and fomites, were identified as risk factors and facilitators of ASF infection. Changes in human behavior and communication in trade and marketing systems in the value chain, biosecurity and pig management practices are warranted. Relevant training must be implemented alongside the launch of the national ASF control strategy for Tanzania, which already established a roadmap for combating ASF in Tanzania. The high-risk points (slaughter slabs, border areas, and farms with poor biosecurity) and high-risk period (November–March) along the pig value chain must be targeted as critical control points for interventions in order to reduce the burden of infection.

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17

LOADER, SIMON P., JOHN C. POYNTON, TIM R. B. DAVENPORT, and MARK-OLIVER RÖDEL. "Re-description of the type series of Nectophrynoides viviparus (Bufonidae), with a taxonomic reassessment." Zootaxa 2304, no. 1 (December 4, 2009): 41–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2304.1.3.

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The type series of Nectophrynoides viviparus (Tornier, 1905) from the southern Tanzanian highlands has been rediscovered in the Museum für Naturkunde, Berlin. A re-description is given and a lectotype designated. Available topotypic material is included in our assessment of morphological variation in this population. With clarification of the species’ identity, nomenclatural confusions can be addressed. We reject the designation of an earlier neotype, and also of records attributed to the species north and east of the Southern Highlands.

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18

van der Linden, Roderick, Andreas H. Fink, Tan Phan-Van, and Long Trinh-Tuan. "Synoptic-Dynamic Analysis of Early Dry-Season Rainfall Events in the Vietnamese Central Highlands." Monthly Weather Review 144, no. 4 (March 29, 2016): 1509–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/mwr-d-15-0265.1.

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Abstract The Central Highlands are Vietnam’s main coffee growing region. Unusual wet spells during the early dry season in November and December negatively affect two growing cycles in terms of yield and quality. The meteorological causes of wet spells in this region have not been thoroughly studied to date. Using daily rain gauge measurements at nine stations for the period 1981–2007 in the Central Highlands, four dynamically different early dry-season rainfall cases were investigated in depth: 1) the tail end of a cold front, 2) a tropical depression–type disturbance, 3) multiple tropical wave interactions, and 4) a cold surge with the Borneo vortex. Cases 1 and 4 are mainly extratropically forced. In case 1, moisture advection ahead of a dissipating cold front over the South China Sea led to high equivalent potential temperature in the southern highland where this air mass stalled and facilitated recurrent outbreaks of afternoon convection. In this case, the low-level northeasterly flow over the South China Sea was diverted around the southern highlands by relatively stable low layers. On the contrary, low-level flow was more orthogonal to the mountain barrier and high Froude numbers and concomitant low stability facilitated the westward extension of the rainfall zone across the mountain barrier in the other cases. In case 3, an eastward-traveling equatorial Kelvin wave might have been a factor in this westward extension, too. The results show a variety of interactions of large-scale wave forcings, synoptic-convective dynamics, and orographic effects on spatiotemporal details of the rainfall patterns.

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19

Jordan, Thomas E. "“Stay and Starve, Or Go and Prosper!” Juvenile Emigration from Great Britain in the Nineteenth Century." Social Science History 9, no. 2 (1985): 145–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0145553200020423.

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The nineteenth century saw the beginning of large-scale migration of population from western Europe to various countries of the world. North and South America had proven hospitable in previous centuries and the southern tip of Africa presented an equable climate as well as strategic location. The islands of the southern seas reached by Cook and Van Diemen proved equally attractive if more remote. In retrospect it seems inevitable that, with the exception of South America, they were bound to be English-speaking. Even South America had its British farming colonists at one stage. In 1826 just under two hundred Highland Scots embarked for Topo in the highlands of Colombia (United Kingdom, 1827). Significantly, one hundred and two of them were under fourteen years of age.

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20

Coesel, Peter F. M., Sol Porcel, Alfred Van Geest, and Irina Izaguirre. "Remarkable desmid species from the southern Patagonian highlands." Fottea 17, no. 1 (April 1, 2017): 89–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.5507/fot.2016.019.

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21

Hinojosa, Servando Z. "Bonesetting and Radiography in the Southern Maya Highlands." Medical Anthropology 23, no. 4 (October 2004): 263–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01459740490506934.

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22

Lovett, Jon C., and Roy E. Gereau. "MORAEA CALLISTA IN THE SOUTHERN HIGHLANDS OF TANZANIA." Curtis's Botanical Magazine 8, no. 4 (November 1991): 194–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8748.1991.tb00386.x.

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23

Mitchell, Peter J. "The late Quaternary landscape at Sehonghong in the Lesotho highlands, southern Africa." Antiquity 70, no. 269 (September 1996): 623–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003598x00083757.

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In the rough and rugged country of the Lesotho highlands, rock-paintings and archaeological deposits in the rock-shelters record hunter-gatherer life-ways; at Sehonghong, a long sequence runs from recent times to and through the Last Glacial Maximum. Survey of the region's Middle and Later Stone Age sites shows a pattern of concentrations that likely applies to other parts of the Lesotho highlands.

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24

Snowball, Richard, Amanuel Mahdere, Eskender Tesfay, Mehreteab Aberra, Regina M. Carr, and Mario F. D' Antuono. "Exploring the wider potential of forage legumes collected from the highlands of Eritrea." Plant Genetic Resources 11, no. 2 (January 10, 2013): 158–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1479262112000494.

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This is the first report of a pasture plant collecting mission to the highlands of Eritrea and a preliminary examination of the potential of species for both Eritrea and southern Australia. In 2004, seeds from 53 legume species were collected from 58 locations in the southern highlands between Keren, Adi Quala and Senafe. Strains of Rhizobium from 18 species were also collected. Seed collections of 11 species with Rhizobium were established in germplasm nurseries at the Medina Research Station, Western Australia between 2005 and 2010. Observations on their growth, flowering and seed production were recorded. Based on a climate match analysis and observations from germplasm nurseries, it was suggested that species with most promise for parts of southern Australia include the annual legume Biserrula pelecinus ssp. leiocarpa and the perennial shrub Colutea abyssinica. The greatest potential, however, is reserved for the highlands of Eritrea where germplasm is well adapted. Species found low in the landscape including from the genera Lotus, Trifolium and Medicago appeared well utilized. Different species found higher in the landscape including from the genera Indigofera, Tephrosia, Crotalaria, Trifolium schimperi, B. pelecinus ssp. leiocarpa and C. abyssinica were much less common, appeared under-utilized and may be under threat from genetic erosion. Animal production on the non-arable dry hillsides of the highlands would benefit from better utilization of these species through replanting some areas, careful grazing management and demonstration of the benefits of increasing the native legume component of these wild pastures.

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25

Murphy, J. B., K. Cameron, J. Dostal, J. Duncan Keppie, and A. J. Hynes. "Cambrian volcanism in Nova Scotia, Canada." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 22, no. 4 (April 1, 1985): 599–606. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e85-059.

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Cambrian volcanic rocks in Nova Scotia occur in small grabens or half grabens in the Avalon Zone (Composite Terrane) as part of a thin sequence of continental to shallow-marine Cambro-Ordovician rocks. In the northern Antigonish Highlands, the volcanic rocks occur mainly in the Lower Cambrian McDonalds Brook Group. In southern Cape Breton Island, they occur predominantly in the Middle Cambrian Bourinot Group. The chemistry of these volcanic rocks indicates that they are bimodal (basalts–rhyolites) and within plate. The basalts are alkalic in the Antigonish Highlands and tholeiitic in Cape Breton Island. The rising basaltic magma is postulated to have produced the felsic magma by anatexis of the crust. It is proposed that the Antigonish Highlands volcanic rocks erupted in a small pull-apart basin. A similar structural setting is probable in southern Cape Breton Island, but there the bounding faults are poorly exposed. These basins probably formed during a period of transpression in the last stages of the late Hadrynian Cadomian deformation.

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Miranda, João Marcelo Deliberador, Luciana Zago da Silva, Sidnei Pressinatte-Júnior, Luana de Almeida Pereira, Sabrina Marchioro, Daniela Aparecida Savariz Bôlla, and Fernando Carvalho. "BAT FAUNA (MAMMALIA, CHIROPTERA) FROM GUARAPUAVA HIGHLANDS, SOUTHERN BRAZIL." Oecologia Australis 23, no. 03 (September 6, 2019): 562–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4257/oeco.2019.2303.14.

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27

Marker, Margaret E. "Sedimentary sequences at Sani Top, Lesotho highlands, southern Africa." Holocene 4, no. 4 (December 1994): 406–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/095968369400400408.

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28

Hawke, B. Ray, Thomas A. Giguere, D. T. Blewett, Paul G. Lucey, G. A. Smith, G. J. Taylor, and P. D. Spudis. "Igneous activity in the southern highlands of the Moon." Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets 107, E12 (December 2002): 5–1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2000je001494.

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29

Osterloo, M. M., V. E. Hamilton, J. L. Bandfield, T. D. Glotch, A. M. Baldridge, P. R. Christensen, L. L. Tornabene, and F. S. Anderson. "Chloride-Bearing Materials in the Southern Highlands of Mars." Science 319, no. 5870 (March 21, 2008): 1651–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1150690.

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30

Neustupa, Jiří, Yvonne Němcová, and Tomáš Kalina. "Silica-scaled Chrysophytes of Southern Bohemia and Českomoravská vrchovina (Czech-Moravian Highlands, Czech Republic)." Algological Studies/Archiv für Hydrobiologie, Supplement Volumes 102 (August 1, 2001): 23–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/algol_stud/102/2001/23.

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31

Barr, S. M., and C. E. White. "Tectonic setting of Avalonian volcanic and Plutonic rocks in the Caledonian Highlands, southern New Brunswick, Canada." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 33, no. 2 (February 1, 1996): 156–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e96-015.

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The Caledonian Highlands of southern New Brunswick consist of Late Proterozoic to Cambrian rocks generally considered typical of the Avalon terrane of the northern Appalachian Orogen. Mainly tuffaceous volcanic and sedimentary rocks of the Broad River Group and cogenetic dioritic to granitic plutons with ages ca. 620 Ma form most of the eastern Caledonian Highlands. They have petrological features indicative of origin in a continental margin subduction zone. Significantly younger ca. 560–550 Ma dacitic to rhyolitic lapilli tuffs and flows, laminated tuffaceous siltstone, basaltic and rhyolitic flows, and clastic sedimentary rocks of the Coldbrook Group form most of the western highlands, and occur locally throughout the highlands. The mainly tuffaceous lower part of the group has been intruded by gabbroic and syenogranitic plutons that are interpreted to be cogenetic with basaltic and rhyolitic flows in the upper part of the group. This voluminous subaerial magmatism may have formed during postorogenic extension in the earlier ca. 620 Ma subduction zone complex represented by the Broad River Group and associated plutons. This tectono-magmatic model differs from other interpretations that related most of the igneous units to ca. 630–600 Ma subduction, and did not recognize the importance of ca. 560–550 Ma magmatism. The ca 620 Ma subduction-related volcanic and plutonic rocks of the Caledonian Highlands are comparable to units in other parts of the Avalon terrane, but voluminous ca. 560–550 Ma igneous activity like that represented by the Coldbrook Group and related plutons has not been documented yet in other Avalonian areas.

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Tribe, Selina. "Eocene paleo-physiography and drainage directions, southern Interior Plateau, British Columbia." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 42, no. 2 (February 1, 2005): 215–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e04-062.

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A map of reconstructed Eocene physiography and drainage directions is presented for the southern Interior Plateau region, British Columbia south of 53°N. Eocene landforms are inferred from the distribution and depositional paleoenvironment of Eocene rocks and from crosscutting relationships between regional-scale geomorphology and bedrock geology of known age. Eocene drainage directions are inferred from physiography, relief, and base level elevations of the sub-Eocene unconformity and the documented distribution, provenance, and paleocurrents of early Cenozoic fluvial sediments. The Eocene landscape of the southern Interior Plateau resembled its modern counterpart, with highlands, plains, and deeply incised drainages, except regional drainage was to the north. An anabranching valley system trending west and northwest from Quesnel and Shuswap Highlands, across the Cariboo Plateau to the Fraser River valley, contained north-flowing streams from Eocene to early Quaternary time. Other valleys dating back at least to Middle Eocene time include the North Thompson valley south of Clearwater, Thompson valley from Kamloops to Spences Bridge, the valley containing Nicola Lake, Bridge River valley, and Okanagan Lake valley. During the early Cenozoic, highlands existed where the Coast Mountains are today. Southward drainage along the modern Fraser, Chilcotin, and Thompson River valleys was established after the Late Miocene.

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Lujan, Nathan K. "Description of a new Lithoxus (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) from the Guayana Highlands with a discussion of Guiana Shield biogeography." Neotropical Ichthyology 6, no. 3 (2008): 413–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1679-62252008000300014.

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Lithoxus jantjae, new species, is described from above Tencua Falls in headwaters of the Ventuari River, a white- to clearwater river flowing west from the Maigualida and Parima mountains in the Guayana Highlands of southern Venezuela. Lithoxus jantjae represents a nearly 600 km westward range expansion for a genus historically known only from Guyana, Suriname, French Guiana, and Brazil. Lithoxus jantjae shares with other species of Lithoxus a dorsoventrally depressed body and a large, papilose oral disk with small toothcups and few teeth. It can be distinguished from congeners by a unique combination of characters including 12 branched caudal-fin rays, medial premaxillary tooth cusps enlarged, and a convex posterior margin of the adipose-fin membrane. With the discovery of L. jantjae, Lithoxus becomes the most recent example of a growing list of rheophilic loricariid genera with disjunct distributions on east and west sides of the Guayana Highlands. A biogeographic hypothesis relying on the existence of a proto-Berbice River uniting the southern Guayana Highlands with rivers of the central Guiana Shield is advanced to partially explain the modern distribution of these species.

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Kwon, Young-Seok, Kwang-Soo Cho, Ju-Seong Im, Eung-Ho Lee, and Won-Bae Kim. "(49) Effects of Sowing Time and Tray Size for Production of Onion." HortScience 41, no. 4 (July 2006): 1055C—1055. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.41.4.1055c.

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Onions are a major vegetables in Korea. Short-day onions are grown in more than 95% in southern area of South Korea, and long-day onions are grown above 600-m altitude in the highlands. Onion cultivation in the highland areas has become difficult for farmers to obtain high income but stable production because of higher cost of seed and the intensive labor involved in production. Consequently, onion set culture by inexpensive onion seeds compared with expensive F1 seed has an advantage due to the higher proportion of marketable size bulbs. This study was conducted to find out the suitable sowing time and tray size for onion set culture in the highlands—the earlier the sowing time, the higher the number of onions set. The most appropriate sowing date and 1.6–3.5 g of onion set size was early to middle May, also with the highest distribution percentage. The highest set number (780.8 set/m2) of suitable onion set size (1.6–3.5 g) were harvested from the 288 trays, followed by 770 set from the bed (9 g/m2 of seed sowed), and (7/m2 of seed sowed) in the 406 tray.

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Hartman, J. B., D. Vuylsteke, D. Makumbi, R. N. Ssebulibe, and D. A. Karamura. "471 Defining the East African Highland Banana (I AAA) Ideotype and Breeding Objectives." HortScience 35, no. 3 (June 2000): 475B—475. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.35.3.475b.

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The East African highland bananas are a sub-group of the Musa AAA group and are unique to the mid-altitude and highlands of Eastern Africa. In much of the area where they are grown, highland bananas are the main staple crop for both rural and urban populations. Yields of highland bananas have fallen precipitously in many areas and production deficits have been met by shifting highland banana production into new areas. Yield reductions have been attributed to a number of factors, including plant parasitic nematodes, the banana weevil (Cosmopolites sordidus), and black Sigatoka leaf streak (Mycosphaerella fijiensis). A program to breed improved highland bananas was established at the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture's Eastern and Southern Africa Regional Center (IITA-ESARC) in collaboration with the National Banana Program of Uganda in 1994. Following preliminary studies of fertility, breeding began in 1997. The breeding program has taken as its model IITA's successful plantain-breeding program. The plantain-breeding program has used an ideotype breeding approach to selection of improved plantain hybrids. The unique features, culture, and end-use of highland bananas have necessitated the definition of a new ideotype. Results of studies during the past 2 years have identified traits unique to highland bananas and a highland banana ideotype has emerged.

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Dobner Jr., Mário, Marcos Felipe Nicoletti, Nilton Sergio Novack Jr., and Glaucia Cota Nunes. "GROWTH OF Pinus glabra IN SOUTHERN BRAZIL." FLORESTA 49, no. 2 (March 29, 2019): 277. http://dx.doi.org/10.5380/rf.v49i2.57531.

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Species of the genus Pinus are widely cultivated in Brazil, in the south of the country, mainly P. taeda and P. elliottii are responsible for suppling for diverse industrial segments. Although poorly studied, other species from the same region of natural distribution could also possibly present good growth potential. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the development of different dendrometric characteristics of provenances of P. glabra grown in the highlands of south Brazil during 24 years of growth. The values obtained for P. glabra in the studied region was compared with the ones from its natural distribution region and with data of P. taeda in south Brazil. By means of annual dendrometric measurements during almost the entire studied period, especially at age 24 years, the growth and productivity of the species was addressed. All studied provenances shown suitability to the evaluated edaphoclimatic conditions, with initial height growth above 1 m year-1 during the first 5 years. Productivities above 30 m3 ha-1 year-1 at age 24 years, as well as the production of dominant individuals with 30 cm of dbh at age 15 years can be expected. Therefore, the potential for commercial use of P. glabra in the highlands of south Brazil was proven, thus being an interesting alternative to the commonly used species

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Argue, Debbie. "Aboriginal occupation of the Southern Highlands: Was it really seasonal?" Australian Archaeology 41, no. 1 (January 1, 1995): 30–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03122417.1995.11681558.

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38

Hoehnle, Peter. "Review of Weavers of the Southern Highlands by Philis Alvic." Agricultural History 78, no. 3 (July 2004): 366–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/ah.2004.78.3.366.

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Matthew, P. K., F. Kapua, P. J. Soaki, and D. A. K. Watters. "TRAUMA ADMISSIONS IN THE SOUTHERN HIGHLANDS OF PAPUA NEW GUINEA." ANZ Journal of Surgery 66, no. 10 (October 1996): 659–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1445-2197.1996.tb00712.x.

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Mickienė, Ilona, and Rita Baranauskienė. "Toponyms from Appellative Personal Names in the Southern Highlands Region." Respectus Philologicus, no. 36(41) (October 16, 2019): 60–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/respectus.2019.36.41.23.

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The aim of this article is to discuss the formation of toponyms derived from various kinds of appellatives originating from personal names of the southern part of Lithuania – South Highlands (Lith. Pietų Aukštaitija). This is one of the semantic groups of toponyms, differentiating in specificity and meaning from the base words (toponyms consist of appellative personal names). Research into toponyms of appellative personal names reveals how proper names reflect the worldview of the residents of the aforementioned region. The material for the article was collected from the geoinformation data base of Lithuanian toponyms (LVvGDB). To explain the origin of toponyms with reference to the base words, the dictionary of Lithuanian surnames (Lith. LPŽe), the dictionary of the Lithuanian language (Lith. LKŽe), geoinformation data base of Lithuanian toponyms (LVvGDB) were employed. Focusing on word-formation under the structural-grammatical classification of hydronyms developed by Aleksandras Vanagas, the toponyms of each group are divided into primary and secondary. Ethnonyms are classified as primary, derivatives, composites and compounds.

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Imfeld, Noemi, Christian Barreto Schuler, Kris Milagros Correa Marrou, Martín Jacques‐Coper, Katrin Sedlmeier, Stefanie Gubler, Adrian Huerta, and Stefan Brönnimann. "Summertime precipitation deficits in the southern Peruvian highlands since 1964." International Journal of Climatology 39, no. 11 (April 29, 2019): 4497–513. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/joc.6087.

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De Souza, Jonas Gregorio. "Rethinking households, communities and status in the southern Brazilian highlands." Journal of Anthropological Archaeology 52 (December 2018): 44–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaa.2018.08.006.

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QUINTELA, FERNANDO MARQUES, FABRÍCIO BERTUOL, ENRIQUE MANUEL GONZÁLEZ, PEDRO CORDEIRO-ESTRELA, THALES RENATO OCHOTORENA DE FREITAS, and GISLENE LOPES GONÇALVES. "A new species of Deltamys Thomas, 1917 (Rodentia: Cricetidae) endemic to the southern Brazilian Araucaria Forest and notes on the expanded phylogeographic scenario of D. kempi." Zootaxa 4294, no. 1 (July 17, 2017): 71. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4294.1.3.

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Deltamys is a monotypic sigmodontine rodent from the Pampas of South America. In addition to the formally recognized D. kempi that inhabits lowlands, an undescribed form Deltamys sp. 2n=40 was recently found in the highlands of southeastern Brazil. In the present study, we perform a phylogeographic reassessment of Deltamys and describe a third form of the genus, endemic to the Brazilian Araucaria Forest. We describe this new species based on an integrative analysis, using complete cytochrome b DNA sequences, karyology and morphology. Bayesian tree recovered two allopatric clades (lowlands vs. highlands) and three lineages: (i) the lowland D. kempi, (ii) the highland Deltamys sp. 2n=40, and (iii) Deltamys araucaria sp. n. Deltamys araucaria sp. n. is karyotypically (2n=34) and morphologically distinguishable from D. kempi (2n=37-38), showing a tawnier dorsum/flank pelage, presence of a protostyle, M1 alveolus positioned anteriorly to the posterior margin of the zygomatic plate, and several other distinguishing characteristics. A phylogeographic assessment of D. kempi recovered two haplogroups with significant differences in skull measurements. This phylogeographic break seems to have been shaped by the Patos Lagoon estuarine channel. The diversification in Deltamys might have been triggered by dispersal of older lineages over different altitudinal ranges in the Paraná geological basin.

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Aldenderfer, Mark S. "Late Preceramic ceremonial architecture at Asana, southern Peru." Antiquity 64, no. 244 (September 1990): 479–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003598x00078388.

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Ceremonial architecture over 4600 years old has been discovered at the open air site of Asana in the high sierra of southern Peru – the best part of a thousand years earlier than in the central Andean sierra and with different architectural detail, form and content. This discovery provides new insights into a new regional architectural tradition and an alternative trajectory for the evolution of settled village life in the Andean highlands

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Gudynas, Eduardo. "Deep Ecologies in the Highlands and Rainforests." Worldviews 21, no. 3 (2017): 262–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685357-02103005.

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In the Andean and Amazonian regions of South America new environmental ethics have emerged that postulate intrinsic values in the non-human. These biocentrisms do not derive directly from the deep ecology of Arne Naess, presenting several differences, but there are also important similarities, which are briefly noted. Southern biocentrism recognizes the rights of Nature but does so in an intercultural perspective, is much more politicized, and is part of ‘ontological openings’ to alternatives of ecological community that go beyond modernity.

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Grant, Jennifer L., and Kevin Lane. "The political ecology of late South American pastoralism: an Andean perspective A.D. 1,000-1,615." Journal of Political Ecology 25, no. 1 (October 19, 2018): 446. http://dx.doi.org/10.2458/v25i1.23071.

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Prehispanic South American pastoralism has a long and rich, though often understudied, trajectory. In this paper, we analyze the transition from a generalized to a specialized pastoralism at two geographical locations in the Andes: Antofagasta de la Sierra, Southern Argentina Puna, and the Ancash Highlands, Peruvian North-central Puna. Although at opposite ends of the Andes this herding specialization commences during the same moment in time, A.D. 600-1,000, suggesting that a similar process was at work in both areas. Moreover, this was a process that was irrevocably tied to the coeval development of specialized highland agriculture. From a perspective of political ecology and structuration theory we emphasis the time-depth and importance that Andean pastoralism had in shaping highland landscapes. Taking into consideration risk-management theory, ecology and environment as crucial factors in the development of a specialized pastoralism we nevertheless emphasis the importance of the underlying human decisions that drove this process. Based broadly within the field of political ecology we therefore emphasize how human agency and structure impacted on these landscapes, society and animal husbandry. Our article covers such aspects as the human and animal use of resource areas, settlement location, herding patterns, selective breeding, and human-induced alterations to pasturage.Keywords: Andes, pastoralism, political ecology, Southern Andes, Central Andes

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Foisy, Marc, and Gilbert Prichonnet. "A reconstruction of glacial events in southeastern New Brunswick." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 28, no. 10 (October 1, 1991): 1594–612. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e91-143.

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Sedimentological and petrographical data obtained from five sections located north and south of the Caledonian Highlands in southeastern New Brunswick demonstrate the existence of three main till units and one glaciofluvial unit, which have been grouped in four distinct lithostratigraphic units. The lower till was deposited by a glacier that overrode the Caledonian Highlands from northwest to southeast and advanced as far as Nova Scotia during Middle(?) to Late Wisconsinan times. The overlying middle till from the north provides evidence that ice continued to advance across the Highlands from northwest toward southeast and then was partially overwhelmed by another glacier that was advancing southwest along the southern border of the Highlands: this glacier deposited a coeval middle till. During Late Wisconsinan deglaciation, ice separated into two masses: a residual ice cap with radial outflow from the Highlands; and a lobe in the Chignecto Bay, retreating toward the northeast. The existence of a plateau ice cap is demonstrated by the presence of till and glaciofluvial deposits in the upper part of all surveyed sections, and is supported by the sequence of ice flow patterns recorded by striae and the centrifugal distribution of meltwater flow indicators. The weak development of soils, the fresh appearance of till and morainic landforms, and the lack of periglacial features throughout the area, especially on the Highlands, all favour the interpretation that the Caledonian Highlands were not a nunatak during the glacial maximum of the Late Wisconsinan Substage.

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Iriarte, José, Silvia Moehlecke Copé, Michael Fradley, Jami J. Lockhart, and J. Christopher Gillam. "Sacred landscapes of the southern Brazilian highlands: Understanding southern proto-Jê mound and enclosure complexes." Journal of Anthropological Archaeology 32, no. 1 (March 2013): 74–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaa.2012.10.003.

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49

Guengerich, Anna. "Settlement Organization and Architecture in Late Intermediate Period Chachapoyas, Northeastern Peru." Latin American Antiquity 26, no. 3 (September 2015): 362–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.7183/1045-6635.26.3.362.

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Chachapoya societies that lived on the forested eastern slopes of the Andes in northern Peru between A.D. 1000 and 1450 remain largely absent from broader narratives of the Andean Late Intermediate period (LIP). This paper argues that environmentally deterministic frameworks and lingering Inka biases have led scholars to problematically isolate Chachapoyans from their highland contemporaries. This work reviews three aspects of Chachapoya built environments—settlement patterning, internal organization, and architectural style—in order to provide a baseline for comparison with other regions. Chachapoyas shared a pattern of hilltop settlement locations with nearly all of the highlands, which suggests that its inhabitants faced the same shared factors that prompted changes in settlement organization on a massive scale in this region during the LIP. At the same time, comparison of Chachapoya built environments with others of the northern, central, and southern highlands highlights the considerable diversity within and between regions. This demonstrates that Chachapoyas is best interpreted as simply one of many regions that were characterized by distinctive spatlalltles and architectural forms. These reflected locally specific cultural practices and social institutions. Including Chachapoyas and other regions of the Eastern Andes in accounts of the LIP underscores the diversity and dynamism that characterized this period of significant change in Andean history.

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Clark, Jeffrey. "PEARLSHELL SYMBOLISM IN HIGHLANDS PAPUA NEW GUINEA, WITH PARTICULAR REFERENCE TO THE WIRU PEOPLE OF SOUTHERN HIGHLANDS PROVINCE." Oceania 61, no. 4 (June 1991): 309–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.1834-4461.1991.tb01615.x.

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