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Journal articles on the topic 'South Tibet'

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Author: Grafiati
Published: 11 March 2023

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1

Ludlow, F. "The Birds of South-eastern Tibet." Ibis 86, no. 2 (April 3, 2008): 176–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1474-919x.1944.tb03877.x.

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2

Ludlow, F. "The Birds of South-eastern Tibet." Ibis 86, no. 3 (April 3, 2008): 348–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1474-919x.1944.tb04094.x.

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3

Ludlow, F., and N. B. Kinnear. "The Birds of South-eastern Tibet." Ibis 86, no. 1 (June 28, 2008): 43–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1474-919x.1944.tb07533.x.

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4

McMahon, Robert J. "U.S. Policy toward South Asia and Tibet during the Early Cold War." Journal of Cold War Studies 8, no. 3 (July 2006): 131–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jcws.2006.8.3.131.

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Events in South Asia in the 1950s and early 1960s had a long-term impact on the Cold War and on relations among the countries involved—China, India, Pakistan, the United States, and the Soviet Union. This article provides an overview of U.S. relations with South Asian countries during the early Cold War. It highlights the connections between U.S. policy priorities and commitments in South Asia on the one hand and developments in Tibet on the other. The article considers how U.S. policy priorities and actions in South Asia shaped, and were shaped by, China's reassertion of control over Tibet in the early 1950s and by the frictions that emerged between India and China in 1959 as a result of Beijing's brutal crackdown in Tibet.
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5

Su, Tao, Robert A. Spicer, Shi-Hu Li, He Xu, Jian Huang, Sarah Sherlock, Yong-Jiang Huang, et al. "Uplift, climate and biotic changes at the Eocene–Oligocene transition in south-eastern Tibet." National Science Review 6, no. 3 (June 12, 2018): 495–504. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nsr/nwy062.

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Abstract The uplift history of south-eastern Tibet is crucial to understanding processes driving the tectonic evolution of the Tibetan Plateau and surrounding areas. Underpinning existing palaeoaltimetric studies has been regional mapping based in large part on biostratigraphy that assumes a Neogene modernization of the highly diverse, but threatened, Asian biota. Here, with new radiometric dating and newly collected plant-fossil archives, we quantify the surface height of part of the south-eastern margin of Tibet in the latest Eocene (∼34 Ma) to be ∼3 km and rising, possibly attaining its present elevation (3.9 km) in the early Oligocene. We also find that the Eocene–Oligocene transition in south-eastern Tibet witnessed leaf-size diminution and a floral composition change from sub-tropical/warm temperate to cool temperate, likely reflective of both uplift and secular climate change, and that, by the latest Eocene, floral modernization on Tibet had already taken place, implying modernization was deeply rooted in the Palaeogene.
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6

Burke, Kevin C. "Tibet: Where Continents Collide, Part 1, South Tibet and the Yarlung Tsangpo Suture." Eos, Transactions American Geophysical Union 71, no. 44 (1990): 1761. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/90eo00327.

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7

Jiarun, Yin. "Neuqueniceras (Frickites) tibeticum: an Andean ammonite in the Middle Jurassic of South Tibet." Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie - Monatshefte 1996, no. 9 (October 14, 1996): 517–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/njgpm/1996/1996/517.

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8

Liu, Xiaohan, Kenneth Jinghua Hsu, Yitai Ju, Guangwei Li, Xiaobing Liu, Lijie Wei, Xuejun Zhou, and Xingang Zhang. "New interpretation of tectonic model in south Tibet." Journal of Asian Earth Sciences 56 (August 2012): 147–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jseaes.2012.05.005.

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9

Brühwiler, Thomas, Hugo Bucher, and Nicolas Goudemand. "Smithian (Early Triassic) ammonoids from Tulong, South Tibet." Geobios 43, no. 4 (July 2010): 403–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geobios.2009.12.004.

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10

SCHMIDT, JOACHIM. "Taxonomic and biogeographical review of the genus Trechus Clairville, 1806, from the Tibetan Himalaya and the southern central Tibetan Plateau (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Trechini)." Zootaxa 2178, no. 1 (August 6, 2009): 1–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2178.1.1.

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This paper summarizes the taxonomic and biogeographical knowledge of Trechus species known so far from the Transhimalaya of Central Tibet and from the southern adjacent Tibetan Himalaya of Tibet and Nepal. Nine species groups are proposed, 25 new species as well as three additional new subspecies are described: The species group of Trechus antonini Deuve, 1997, with ten species newly described: T. astrophilus sp. n., T. budhaensis sp. n., T. lama sp. n., T. rarus sp. n., T. religiosus sp. n., T. singularis sp. n., T. tsampa sp. n., T. tseringi sp. n., T. yak sp. n., with an additional subspecies T. yak shogulaensis ssp. n., and T. yeti sp. n., all from South Central Tibet; the monotypic species group of the newly described Trechus chaklaensis sp. n. from South Central Tibet; the species group of Trechus dacatraianus Deuve, 1996, with two species newly described: T. bastropi sp. n., and T. mieheorum sp. n., both from South Central Tibet; the species group of Trechus franzianus Mateu & Deuve, 1979, with four species newly described: T. aedeagalis sp. n. from Far West Nepal, T. eremita sp. n. from West Nepal, T. muguensis sp. n. from West Nepal, and T. sculptipennis sp. n. from Far West Nepal; the monotypic species group of the newly described Trechus rolwalingensis sp. n. from the upper Rolwaling Valley of Central Nepal, with an additional subspecies T. rolwalingensis daldunglana ssp. n. from the lower Rolwaling Valley; the monotypic species group of the newly described Trechus solhoeyi sp. n. from South Central Tibet; the monotypic species group of the newly described Trechus stratiotes sp. n. from north eastern Saipal Himal of Far West Nepal, with an additional subspecies T. stratiotes malikasthana ssp. n. from south eastern Saipal Himal; the species group of Trechus thibetanus Jeannel, 1928, with three species newly described: T. dongulaensis sp. n., T. glabratus sp. n., and T. namtsoensis sp. n., all from South Central Tibet; the species group of Trechus wrzecionkoi Deuve, 1996, with two species newly described: T. korae sp. n., and T. martinae sp. n., both from South Central Tibet. The following two synonymies are proposed: Trechus franzianus Mateu & Deuve, 1979 = Trechus surdipennis Mateu & Deuve, 1979, syn. n.; Trechus thibetanus Jeannel, 1928 = Trechus pseudocameroni Deuve, 1996, syn. n. A key to all species known of South Central Tibet and the Tibetan Himalaya is presented for the first time, and the distributional data of all these species are mapped. The distributional maps highlight the extremely limited distribution of all wingless Trechus species. In situ speciation following the geographical separation of the range of the ancestral species and lack of subsequent range expansion of strictly edaphic species is postulated. Trechus species do not only exhibit a stronger local endemism, but the individual species groups are also endemic to several parts of the Himalayan-Tibetan Orogen. This indicates that the evolution of these Trechus species groups is directly linked to separate geological formations. Based on geological knowledge, the evolution of the species groups endemic to the Tibetan Himalaya and the Transhimalaya started already in the Miocene after these mountains were lifted up to high montane elevations. The recent distributional area of the species can therefore not be the result of range expansion during the Holocene from Pleistocene refugia outside the Tibetan Himalaya or the Transhimalaya. Instead the existence of glacial refugia can be postulated to be in the lower parts of the same mountain slope on which the species occur today. These results clearly challenge the theory of a Tibetan inland ice sheet stretching through the Himalayan transverse valleys during the Last Glacial Maximum.
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11

Liu, Shi Hai, Zhao Yi Xu, and Lian Jun Wang. "Environmental Protection Experience of the Golmud-Lhasa Section, Qinghai-Tibet Railway Construction." Advanced Materials Research 250-253 (May 2011): 3421–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.250-253.3421.

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The Golmud-Lhasa section of Qinghai-Tibet railway strides over the Tibet Plateau hinterland, ‘the roof of the world’, which traverse to typical ecosystem, as desert, alpine grassland, plateau alpine meadows, swamp wetland, and permafrost zone. Due to the special ecological property of the Tibet Plateau, it become the more river source of the China, even of South Asia, it plays an irreplaceable role of ecological function of the China and the South Asia. The human actions and climatic changes have contributed to the environmental becoming worse and worse. Fragile ecological environment once destroyed, it recovering is very difficult or unrecoverable. The railway construction, it inevitable involved in environmental problem, therefore, how to implement ecological environmental protection is one of the most major subjects of the railway construction. This paper analyzed the adverse effect of the ecological environment in the railway construction period and summarizes the protection measures of ecological environment that had taken in the railway construction. Given the example of the human economic development and the environment protection could be harmonious and sustainable developed in the Tibet Plateau, also show the most precious experiences for the ecological environment protection of the project construction in the plateau zone.
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12

Hsiao-ting, Lin. "War or Stratagem? Reassessing China's Military Advance towards Tibet, 1942–1943." China Quarterly 186 (June 2006): 446–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305741006000233.

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This article re-evaluates an important yet usually ignored episode in modern Chinese ethnopolitical history. It seeks to argue that, in the midst of the Second World War, Chiang Kai-shek manoeuvred towards a possible war with Tibet in order to serve other military, strategic and political purposes, namely, to insert his direct control into China's south-western border provinces that were still in the firm grip of obstinate warlords. Chiang Kai-shek's careful manipulation of the Sino-Tibetan border crisis in 1942–43 also reveals how he and his top military advisors perceived wartime China's territoriality and border defence in south-west China. With considerations of regime security and national survival foremost in their minds, top KMT leaders took a pragmatic stance towards the intractable issue of Chinese sovereignty over Tibet. In addition, at the diplomatic level, the Sino-Tibetan border crisis brought discord among the Allied Nations. The Chinese regarded Tibet as part of China whereas the British had long considered it within their sphere of influence. Eventually the Chinese won the sympathy of the US government. Facing Sino-British disagreement over Tibet's political status, the State Department continued to recognize Nationalist Chinese authority in Tibet, however fictitious that authority was. In retrospect, this episode, along with the US government's official stance towards China's sovereignty over Tibet, although a only a minor disagreement between the Allied Nations during the war, led to the problematic Tibetan issue that still haunts the international community today.
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13

Flower, Michael A. "UNDERSTANDING DELPHI THROUGH TIBET." Greece and Rome 65, no. 1 (March 15, 2018): 34–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0017383517000201.

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The question of the exact nature of the Pythia's expertise has been the subject of academic debate for a very long time. It would indeed not be an exaggeration to say that this has been, and continues to be, one of the most controversial questions in the study of ancient Greek religion. Modern scholars are sharply divided over whether any inspired female oracles, and especially the Pythia at Delphi, had the ability to prophesy in hexameter verse without male assistance. During the classical period the two most famous oracles were those of Zeus at Dodona in Epirus in north-western Greece and of Apollo at Delphi, which was located on the south-western spur of Mount Parnassus. According to Plato (Phaedrus244), the Delphic priestess, as well as the priestesses at Dodona, prophesied in a state of altered consciousness (which he callsmania), and were practitioners of ‘inspired prophecy’ (mantikē entheos).
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14

Schaller, George B., Wulin Liu, and Xiaoming Wang. "Status of Tibet red deer." Oryx 30, no. 4 (October 1996): 269–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0030605300021761.

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Reports of the Tibet red deer, a subspecies of Cervus elaphus, have been so few in recent years that there were fears that the animal was extinct. A survey in a mountainous region of south-east Tibet in October 1995 found evidence that a few deer survive in one small area and possibly two others in high-altitude valleys of the tributaries of the Subansiri River. The most exciting finding of the survey, however, was an estimated 200-strong population of this deer in high rolling hills near the village of Zhenqi, north of the Yarlung Tsangpo River. This is the only known viable population of the deer and, although some hunting occurs, including by professional poachers from outside Tibet, the fact that it survives is an indication of the tolerance of the local people. The Tibet Forest Bureau has agreed to fund guards and to establish a reserve for the deer in co-operation with local people.
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15

Menvielle, M., and J. L. Le Mouel. "Electrical structure of the crust in South Eastern Tibet." Journal of Earth System Science 99, no. 4 (December 1990): 717–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02840324.

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16

Ludlow, Frank. "THE BIRDS OF KONGBO AND POME, SOUTH-EAST TIBET." Ibis 93, no. 4 (April 3, 2008): 547–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1474-919x.1951.tb05458.x.

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17

Wiedmann, Jost, and Sören B. Dürr. "First ammonites from the Mid- to Upper Cretaceous Xigaze Group, South Tibet, and their significance." Newsletters on Stratigraphy 32, no. 1 (February 16, 1995): 17–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/nos/32/1995/17.

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18

Liu, Demin, Weiran Yang, Tieying Guo, Jiangtao Ru, and Aimin Xiong. "Discussion on the Cenozoic tectonic evolution and dynamics of southern Tibet." Earth sciences and subsoil use 43, no. 3 (October 7, 2020): 307–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.21285/2686-9993-2020-43-3-307-324.

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Opening-closing tectonics is a new idea for exploring the global tectonics, which holds that every tectonic movement of all materials and geological bodies on earth is characterized by opening and closing. The opening-closing tectonic view can be used to explain some geological phenomena developing in continents which cannot be reasonably explained by the theory of plate tectonics. Based on the available basic geological data and combining with the opening-closing view, we analyzed the divisions and characteristics of tectonic units in South Tibet, and propose that Tibet can be divided into gravitational detachment and detachment fault zones, which are superimposed thrust fault zones and reconstructed normal fault zones, respectively. Although the mainstream opinion believed that the Tibetan Plateau is formed by collision-compression orogenesis, field investigation revealed the existence of the Rongbu Temple normal fault in the 1970s. We consider that the Rongbu Temple normal fault and the Main Central Thrust were formed earlier than the South Tibet detachment fault, and the former two faults constitute the two boundaries of the southern Tibet extrusion structure. The South Tibet detachment fault partially superimposes on the Main Central Thrust and manifests a relatively high angle in following the Rongbu Temple normal fault north of the Chomolangma. We suggest that the three fault systems are the products of different periods and tectonic backgrounds. The tectonic units, such as klippes and windows identified by previous researchers in southern Tibet, belong to thrust fault system but usually have no obvious extrusion or thrust characteristics; however, they are characterized by missing strata columns as younger strata overlapping the older ones. These klippes and windows should be the results of later gravitational decollement and must be characterized as extensions and slips, respectively. Based on opening-closing theory, we suggest that since the Cenozoic the study area had undergone multistage development, which can be divided into the oceanic crust expansion (opening) and subduction (closing) and the continental collision (closing) and intracontinental extension (opening) stages. Geothermal energy from the deep earth, gravitational potential energy from the earth’s interior, and additional stress energy from tectonic movements, all played a key role in the multistage tectonic evolutionary process.
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19

Chi, M., and Y. Liu. "ANALYZING THE ROAD NETWORK STRUCTURE OF TANG-TIBET ROAD AND BUILDING A SPATIAL INFORMATION SYSTEM FOR ITS TIBET SECTION." International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLVI-M-1-2021 (August 28, 2021): 125–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlvi-m-1-2021-125-2021.

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Abstract. Since the Tang Dynasty (618–907 AD), the Tang-Tibet Road has been the only way from inland China to Qinghai and Tibet, and even to other countries such as Nepal and India. It ties and bonds various ethnic groups and regions, integrates cultural memories and cross-cultural communication achievements from ancient times to the present, and witnesses the dynamic propagation of the culture. Affected by the environment, climate, and wars, Tang-Tibet Road was often impossible to travel on or through intermittently during its progressive development in history. Routes and lines of each of its sections changed from time to time; eventually, an ancient road network was formed, consisting of one trunk road, two subsidiary roads in the north and south, several branches, and scattered auxiliary routes separated from the system, among which there were both outward-oriented international passages and inward-oriented passages. Nonetheless, research on Tang-Tibet Road is insufficient at the current stage. Regarding the problems summarized based on the review of the research situation, the present work probes deeper into the network structure of Tang-Tibet Road. How historical corridor is generated and evolved is understood from a regional perspective. In particular, strategies to design a space information system for the Tibet section of Tang-Tibet Road are explained to promote the exploration and use of cultural heritages in Tibet, in an effort to preserve these heritages while developing Tibet’s society and economy.
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20

Zhang, Zhaoyang, Ning Du, Chunxia Pu, Zhijian Gu, and Zhekun Zhou. "Environmental heterogeneity decides bio-heterogeneity of the Spiraea japonica complex (Rosaceae) in China." Australian Journal of Botany 56, no. 1 (2008): 91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bt07111.

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Amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) fingerprint was the measure used to reveal the patterns of genetic variation within the Spiraea japonica L. f. complex, in the context of physical environment differentiation stemming from the Himalaya–Tibet plateau uplift, the most significant geological event in eastern Asia since the late Paleocene. The complex displays obvious genetic heterogeneity among geographic populations, which was greater in south-western China than in eastern China. The uplift of the Himalaya–Tibet plateau, and consequent increase in environmental complexity in south-western China, is presumed to be responsible for this genetic structure. The obvious genetic heterogeneity among populations or varieties of the S. japonica complex indicates that the rich biodiversity in south-western China is possibly based on genetic variation, suggesting that the biodiversity centre of south-western China represents a tremendous gene pool. It also supports the idea that the protected area and conservation investment made in south-western China should be further augmented. In addition, the greater genetic heterogeneity displayed by plants in south-western China suggests that conservation plans in this region should be more inclusive than those in eastern China.
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21

YUAN, QIONG, and QIN-ER YANG. "Thalictrum callianthum (Ranunculaceae) is merged with T. diffusiflorum." Phytotaxa 307, no. 4 (May 30, 2017): 285. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.307.4.6.

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Critical examination of herbarium specimens (including type material) indicates that Thalictrum callianthum (Ranunculaceae), described from Mainling, south-east Xizang (Tibet), China, is conspecific with T. diffusiflorum, a species described from Nyingchi closely contiguous to Mainling and fairly common in south-east Xizang. We therefore place the former in synonymy with the latter.
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22

Tiwari, Ram Krishna, and Harihar Paudyal. "Frequency magnitude distribution and spatial correlation dimension of earthquakes in north-east Himalaya and adjacent regions." Geologos 28, no. 2 (August 1, 2022): 115–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/logos-2022-0009.

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Abstract The north-east sector of the Himalaya is one of the most active tectonic belts, with complex geological and tectonic features. The b-value and spatial correlation dimension (Dc) of earthquake distribution in the north-east Himalaya and its adjacent regions (20–32°N and 88–98°E) are estimated in the present study. Based on seismicity and faulting pattern, the region is divided into five active regions, namely the (i) South-Tibet, (ii) Eastern-Syntaxis, (iii) Himalayan-Frontal Arc, (iv) Arakan-Yoma belt and (v) Shillong-Plateau. A homogeneous catalogue of 1,416 earthquakes (mb ≥ 4.5) has been prepared from a revised catalogue of the ISC (International Seismological Centre). The b-value has been appraised by the maximum likelihood estimation method, while Dc values have been calculated by the correlation integral method; b-values of 1.08 ± 0.09, 1.13 ± 0.05, 0.92 ± 0.05, 1.00 ± 0.03 and 0.98 ± 0.08 have been computed for the South-Tibet, Eastern-Syntaxis, Himalayan-Frontal Arc, Arakan-Yoma belt and Shillong-Plateau region, respectively. The Dc values computed for the respective regions are 1.36 ± 0.02, 1.74 ± 0.04, 1.57 ± 0.01, 1.8 ± 0.01, and 1.83 ± 0.02. These values are > 1.5, except for the South-Tibet (1.36 ± 0.02). The b-values around the global average value (1.0) reflect the stress level and seismic activity of the regions, while high Dc values refer to the heterogeneity of the seismogenic sources.
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23

Murphy, M. A., V. Sanchez, and M. H. Taylor. "Syncollisional extension along the India–Asia suture zone, south-central Tibet: Implications for crustal deformation of Tibet." Earth and Planetary Science Letters 290, no. 3-4 (February 2010): 233–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2009.11.046.

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24

Copper, Paul, and Hou Hong-Fei. "The Early Devonian atrypoid brachiopod Tibetatrypa n. gen. from Xizang (Tibet, China)." Journal of Paleontology 60, no. 2 (March 1986): 286–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022336000021818.

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Early Devonian (Pragian-Emsian) rocks in the Xainza region of central Xizang (Tibet) yield a shallow-marine, carbonate-platform fauna of corals, brachiopods, dacryoconarids, nautiloids and conodonts, among which Tibetatrypa n. gen. is locally a prominent constituent. The fauna broadly resembles that of western Europe, the Altai-Sayan region, the Urals and western Qinlin province of China, but differs from the South China faunas. Tibetatrypa, related to the Silurian genus Nalivkinia, is the youngest and largest member of the subfamily Clintonellinae, and is the first Devonian brachiopod described from Tibet.
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25

Kahsnitz, Michaela M., Qinghai Zhang, and Helmut Willems. "STRATIGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION OF THE LARGER BENTHIC FORAMINIFERALOCKHARTIAIN SOUTH TIBET (CHINA)." Journal of Foraminiferal Research 46, no. 1 (January 2016): 34–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.2113/gsjfr.46.1.34.

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26

Li, Mingtao, Haijun Song, Li Tian, Adam D. Woods, Xu Dai, and Huyue Song. "Lower Triassic deep sea carbonate precipitates from South Tibet, China." Sedimentary Geology 376 (November 2018): 60–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sedgeo.2018.08.004.

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27

Lehmkuhl, F., M. Klinge, J. Rees-Jones, and E. J. Rhodes. "Late Quaternary aeolian sedimentation in central and south-eastern Tibet." Quaternary International 68-71 (June 2000): 117–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1040-6182(00)00038-0.

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28

Yeh, Emily T. "Exile Meets Homeland: Politics, Performance, and Authenticity in the Tibetan Diaspora." Environment and Planning D: Society and Space 25, no. 4 (August 2007): 648–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/d2805.

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Tibetans are often imagined as authentic, pure, and geographically undifferentiated, but Tibetan identity formation is, in fact, varied and deeply inflected by national location and transnational trajectories. In this paper I examine the frictions of encounter between three groups of Tibetans who arrived in the USA around the same time, but who differ in their relationships to the homeland. The numerically dominant group consists of refugees who left Tibet in 1959 and of exiles born in South Asia; second are Tibetans who left Tibet after the 1980s for India and Nepal; and third are those whose routes have taken them from Tibet directly to the United States. Whereas the cultural authority claimed by long-term exiles derives from the notion of preserving tradition outside of Tibet, that of Tibetans from Tibet is based on their embodied knowledge of the actual place of the homeland. Their struggles over authenticity, which play out in everyday practices such as language use and embodied reactions to staged performances of ‘traditional culture’, call for an understanding of diaspora without guarantees. In this paper I use habitus as an analytic for exploring the ways in which identity is inscribed on and read off of bodies, and the political stakes of everyday practices that produce fractures and fault lines.
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29

Zhen, Jianglong, Jun Lu, Guangqin Huang, Liyue Zeng, Jianping Lin, and Hongtao Xia. "A Field Study on the Indoor Thermal Environment of the Airport Terminal in Tibet Plateau in Winter." Journal of Engineering 2017 (2017): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/7196184.

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In order to study the characteristics of indoor thermal environment in the airport terminal in Tibet Plateau with radiant floor heating in winter, a field measurement of the indoor thermal environment was conducted in Lhasa Gonggar Airport terminal 2. First, the unique climate characteristics in Tibet Plateau were analyzed through comparison of meteorological parameters in Beijing and Lahsa. The thermal environment in the terminal was divided into outer zone and inner zone as well as south zone and north zone. Thermal environment parameters including air temperature, black globe temperature, relative humidity in each zone, and inner surface temperature of envelope were measured and analyzed. Meanwhile, temperature and relative humidity in the vertical direction were measured. In addition, PMV and PPD were calculated for evaluating the thermal environment in the terminal. The findings can provide guidance for the design and regulation of thermal environment in terminals in Tibet Plateau in China.
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30

Mahéo, G., S. Guillot, J. Blichert-Toft, Y. Rolland, and A. Pêcher. "A slab breakoff model for the Neogene thermal evolution of South Karakorum and South Tibet." Earth and Planetary Science Letters 195, no. 1-2 (January 2002): 45–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0012-821x(01)00578-7.

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31

Wu, Shihai, Yili Zhang, and Jianzhong Yan. "Comprehensive Assessment of Geopolitical Risk in the Himalayan Region Based on the Grid Scale." Sustainability 14, no. 15 (August 8, 2022): 9743. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14159743.

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The Himalayan region serves as a land bridge between China and South Asia but is vulnerable to geopolitical factors. It is important to conduct geopolitical risk assessments to facilitate the restoration and construction of traditional trade routes in the Himalayan region. Based on multisource natural, political, and socioeconomic data, we selected 12 indicators, including topographic relief, landslide risk, multi-hazard index, population density, territorial disputes, conflict risk, corruption perception index, transboundary water disputed risk, night light index, GDP, accessibility, and economic freedom, to assess these risks. A comprehensive assessment of the geopolitical risk in the Himalayan region is presented using the random forest (RF) model, analytic hierarchy process (AHP), entropy weight method, and AHP-entropy weight method. The results indicated that the geopolitical risk in the Himalayan region is generally high in the north and low in the south, with high level of risk primarily concentrated in the Kashmir valley and south, south-central Nepal and southern Tibet, and low level of risk mainly concentrated in the Bhutan and Tibet border areas of China. The high likelihood of natural risk is largely concentrated in the Indian states of Himachal Pradesh and Uttarakhand, Nepal, southeastern Bhutan, and southern Tibet. Significant political risk is mostly confined to the Kashmir valley and its south, while economic risk is mostly concentrated in Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa of Pakistan, Pakistani-administered regions of Kashmir, and Nepal. Geopolitical risk assessment based on the grid scale can better reveal and portray the spatial distribution of geopolitical risk in the Himalayan region and provide a basis for the restoration and construction of traditional trade routes in this region. According to the results of the geopolitical risk assessment, it is recommended that priority be given to construction in areas of relatively low risk, such as those close to Burang Country and Mustang, and that integrated planning be carried out for the restoration and construction of the predominantly low-risk trade routes between China and Bhutan, with further comprehensive analysis of each route conducted in conjunction with field surveys and proposed construction and control strategies.
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32

Waterhouse, J. B. "Megalosia, a new strophalosiid (Brachiopoda) genus from the Late Permian Nisal Member, Manang District, Nepal." Journal of Paleontology 62, no. 01 (January 1988): 41–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022336000058856.

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A new strophalosiid,Megalosia chuluensisn. gen. and sp., from the Nisal Member, Senja Formation, in the Manang district north of Mt. Annapurna, north-central Nepal, is of early Dorashamian or Changhsingian (Late Permian) age.Wyndhamia circularisChang, from slightly older faunas of south Tibet, might be congeneric.
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Waterhouse, J. B. "Megalosia, a new strophalosiid (Brachiopoda) genus from the Late Permian Nisal Member, Manang District, Nepal." Journal of Paleontology 62, no. 1 (January 1988): 41–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022336000017972.

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A new strophalosiid,Megalosia chuluensisn. gen. and sp., from the Nisal Member, Senja Formation, in the Manang district north of Mt. Annapurna, north-central Nepal, is of early Dorashamian or Changhsingian (Late Permian) age.Wyndhamia circularisChang, from slightly older faunas of south Tibet, might be congeneric.
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34

Justwan, Florian, and Sarah Fisher. "Social Trust and Public Opinion about Territorial Disputes: Evidence from a Survey in India." Journal of Global Security Studies 5, no. 4 (October 25, 2019): 617–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jogss/ogz044.

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Abstract This article explores the sources of public opinion about territorial disputes. Specifically, it investigates the impact of one particular character trait—social trust—on the policy preferences of Indian citizens in the context of the Sino-Indian dispute over Arunachal Pradesh/South Tibet. We argue that social trust shapes how a citizen thinks about a given territorial dispute and influences which policy options this individual favors in response to another country's claim. Our empirical analysis is based on original survey data collected in the National Capital Territory of Delhi (NCT) in January/February 2017. In line with our theoretical expectations, we find that high-trust individuals are: (1) more likely to regard China's claim to Arunachal Pradesh/South Tibet as legitimate; (2) more willing to favor the onset of conflict management; and (3) more supportive of concessions. This article therefore adds to a growing literature examining the individual-level determinants of public opinion in territorial disputes.
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35

Rebetsky, Yu L., and R. S. Alekseev. "The Pattern and Possible Formation Mechanisms of Current Crustal Stress in High Asia." Russian Geology and Geophysics 63, no. 6 (June 1, 2022): 726–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.2113/rgg20204246.

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Abstract —The pattern of current crustal stress in central and southeastern Asia has been reconstructed from earthquake focal mechanisms by inversion using Rebetsky’s method of cataclastic analysis. The inversion provides constraints on principal stress directions, as well as on relative magnitudes of maximum shear and effective isotropic pressure. The crust of the High Asian mountainous province is subject to horizontal extension or shear in plateaus (East and South Pamir and Tibet) and to horizontal compression or shear in mountain ranges. The relatively high horizontal compression in the ranges is apparently due more to denudation and exhumation than to the pressure from the Indian indentor. Denudation and removal of clastic material from the Himalayan slopes has been a key agent that may compensate for the N–S crust shortening in central Tibet and the W–E stretching in eastern Tibet. The current stress field of High Asia has been mainly controlled by vertical buoyancy forces that arise by thickening of lighter crust and detachment of heavier lithosphere.
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36

Bodt, Timotheus Adrianus. "Ethnolinguistic survey of westernmost Arunachal Pradesh." Linguistics of the Tibeto-Burman Area 37, no. 2 (December 1, 2014): 198–239. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ltba.37.2.03bod.

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The area between Bhutan in the west, Tibet in the north, the Kameng river in the east and Assam in the south is home to at least six distinct phyla of the Trans-Himalayan (Tibeto-Burman, Sino-Tibetan) language family. These phyla encompass a minimum of 11, but probably 15 or even more mutually unintelligible languages, all showing considerable internal dialect variation. Previous literature provided largely incomplete or incorrect accounts of these phyla. Based on recent field research, this article discusses in detail the several languages of four phyla whose speakers are included in the Monpa Scheduled Tribe, providing the most accurate speaker data, geographical distribution, internal variation and degree of endangerment. The article also provides some insights into the historical background of the area and the impact this has had on the distribution of the ethnolinguistic groups.
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37

Pengke, SHEN, and ZHANG Xueqin. "Observation of atmospheric turbulence characteristics over the Yamzhog Yumco, south Tibet." Journal of Lake Sciences 31, no. 1 (2019): 243–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.18307/2019.0123.

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38

Wang, Hua, Tim J. Wright, Jing Liu‐Zeng, and Lincai Peng. "Interseismic deformation in south‐central Tibet from InSAR and GPS data." Acta Geologica Sinica - English Edition 93, S1 (May 2019): 148. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1755-6724.13998.

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39

Garzanti, E., A. Nicora, and R. Rettori. "Permo-Triassic boundary and Lower to Middle Triassic in South Tibet." Journal of Asian Earth Sciences 16, no. 2-3 (April 1998): 143–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0743-9547(98)00007-5.

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40

Weyant, Cheryl L., Pengfei Chen, Ashma Vaidya, Chaoliu Li, Qianggong Zhang, Ryan Thompson, Justin Ellis, et al. "Emission Measurements from Traditional Biomass Cookstoves in South Asia and Tibet." Environmental Science & Technology 53, no. 6 (February 25, 2019): 3306–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.8b05199.

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41

Yin, Jiarun, and Raymond Enay. "The Earliest Jurassic psiloceratids in the Eastern Tethyan Himalaya, South Tibet." Comptes Rendus de l'Académie des Sciences - Series IIA - Earth and Planetary Science 331, no. 9 (November 2000): 601–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1251-8050(00)01453-1.

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42

Schärer, Urs, Rong-Hua Xu, and Claude J. Allègre. "U(Th)Pb systematics and ages of Himalayan leucogranites, South Tibet." Earth and Planetary Science Letters 77, no. 1 (February 1986): 35–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0012-821x(86)90130-5.

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43

Zhe, Meng, Xueqin Zhang, Buwei Wang, Rui Sun, and Du Zheng. "Hydrochemical regime and its mechanism in Yamzhog Yumco Basin, South Tibet." Journal of Geographical Sciences 27, no. 9 (June 29, 2017): 1111–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11442-017-1425-1.

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44

Dürr, Sören B. "Provenance of Xigaze fore-arc basin clastic rocks (Cretaceous, south Tibet)." Geological Society of America Bulletin 108, no. 6 (June 1996): 669–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1996)108<0669:poxfab>2.3.co;2.

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45

Yoshida, Toshio, Rinchen Yangzom, and David Long. "Dancing Butterflies of the East Himalayas." Sibbaldia: the International Journal of Botanic Garden Horticulture, no. 14 (January 17, 2017): 69–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.24823/sibbaldia.2016.193.

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The region from eastern Bhutan to Arunachal Pradesh of India and the adjacent south-eastern Tibet and northern Myanmar seems to be one of the last frontiers not only for Meconopsis hunting but also for other botanical exploration. Although there remain political difficulties for foreigners to approach the unsettled border between India and China, including the famous Tsari valley with its prominently rich flora, which was visited by Frank Ludlow, George Sherriff, Frank Kingdon-Ward and a few other plant hunters before 1950, some botanical and horticultural treasures in this region have gradually been revealed to recent travellers. As a result of examining the photographs taken by these travellers and our own botanical field research in eastern Bhutan in 2014, accompaniedby subsequent herbarium studies, two species new to science are described. The first, from eastern Bhutan and adjacent Arunachal Pradesh and Tibet, has long been cultivated under the names M. grandis or M. grandis GS600, and has recently been described as M. grandis subsp. orientalis (Grey-Wilson, 2010). It is the national flower of Bhutan. However, the type of M. grandis from Sikkim belongs to a species quite distinct from the eastern populations and the latter is now described as a new species, Meconopsis gakyidiana. The second novelty, Meconopsis merakensis,is newly described from eastern Bhutan and adjacent Arunachal Pradesh. In the past this species was confused with the closely allied M. prainiana. The two species are isolated geographically, M.prainiana being found only much further to the north-east, in south-eastern Tibet, including theTsari valley. The title of this article is based on a comparison made by Frank Kingdon-Ward of Meconopsis flowers with butterflies in Tibet (see below).
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46

Hu, Xiaoping, Lijie Ma, Taiguo Liu, Conghao Wang, Yuelin Peng, Qiong Pu, and Xiangming Xu. "Population Genetic Analysis of Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici Suggests Two Distinct Populations in Tibet and the Other Regions of China." Plant Disease 101, no. 2 (February 2017): 288–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-02-16-0190-re.

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Wheat stripe rust, caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst), is an important disease on wheat, seriously threatening wheat production worldwide. China is one of the largest stripe rust epidemic regions in the world. The pathogen sexual reproduction and migration routes between Tibet and the other regions in China are still unknown. In this study, we obtained 961 Pst isolates from 1,391 wheat leaf samples from Gansu (277), Shaanxi (253), Sichuan (172), and Tibet (259), comprising 13 natural populations, and genotyped them with simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. The isolates can be divided into two distinct clusters based on DAPC and STRUCTURE analyses. The genetic diversity of Longnan (in Gansu) and Yibin (in Sichuan) populations was the highest and lowest among the 13 populations, respectively. The hypothesis of multilocus linkage disequilibrium was rejected for the populations from Linzhi in the Himalayan, Longnan, Hanzhong, Guangyuan, Mianyang, Liangshan, and Chendu in the south Qinling Mountains at the level of P = 0.01, which indicated significant linkage among markers in these populations. Populations in the other regions had extensive gene exchange (Nm > 4); little gene exchange was found between Tibet and the other regions (Nm < 1). The results suggest that the Tibet epidemic region of Pst is highly differentiated from the other epidemic regions in China.
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47

Sun, Shao, Qiang Zhang, Yuanxin Xu, and Ruyue Yuan. "Integrated Assessments of Meteorological Hazards across the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau of China." Sustainability 13, no. 18 (September 17, 2021): 10402. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su131810402.

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Recent decades have witnessed accelerated climate changes across the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP) and elevated socioeconomic exposure to meteorological hazards. The QTP is called the “the third pole”, exerting remarkable impact on environmental changes in its surrounding regions. While few reports are available for addressing multi-hazard risks over the QTP, we develop an integrated indicator system involving multiple meteorological hazards, i.e., droughts, rainstorms, snowstorms and hailstorms, investigating the spatiotemporal patterns of major hazards over the QTP. The hazard zones of droughts and rainstorms are identified in the southern Gangdise Mountains, the South Tibet Valley, the eastern Nyenchen-Tanglha Mountains, the Hengduan Mountains and West Sichuan Basin. Snowstorm hazard zones distribute in the Himalayas, the Bayan Har Mountains and the central Nyenchen-Tanglha Mountains, while hailstorm hazard zones cluster in central part of the QTP. Since the 21st century, intensified rainstorms are detectable in the densely populated cities of Xining and Lhasa and their adjacent areas, while amplified droughts are observed in grain production areas of the South Tibet Valley and the Hengduan Mountains. Snowstorm hazards show large interannual variations and an increase in pastoral areas, although the overall trend is declining slightly. The frequency of hailstorms gradually decreases in human settlements due to thermal and landscape effects. Mapping meteorological hazards regionalization could help to understand climate risks in the QTP, and provide scientific reference for human adaptation to climate changes in highly sensitive areas.
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48

Zou, Yifan, Peng Sun, Zice Ma, Yinfeng Lv, and Qiang Zhang. "Snow Cover in the Three Stable Snow Cover Areas of China and Spatio-Temporal Patterns of the Future." Remote Sensing 14, no. 13 (June 27, 2022): 3098. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs14133098.

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In the context of global warming, relevant studies have shown that China will experience the largest temperature rise in the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau and northwestern regions in the future. Based on MOD10A2 and MYD10A2 snow products and snow depth data, this study analyzes the temporal and spatial evolution characteristics of the snow cover fraction, snow depth, and snow cover days in the three stable snow cover areas in China, and combines 15 modes in CMIP6 snow cover data in four different scenarios with three kinds of variables, predicting the spatiotemporal evolution pattern of snow cover in China’s three stable snow cover areas in the future. The results show that (1) the mean snow cover fraction, snow depth, and snow cover days in the snow cover area of Northern Xinjiang are all the highest. Seasonal changes in the snow cover areas of the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau are the most stable. The snow cover fraction, snow depth, and snow cover days of the three stable snow cover areas are consistent in spatial distribution. The high values are mainly distributed in the southeast and west of the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau, the south and northeast of Northern Xinjiang, and the north of the snow cover area of Northeast China. (2) The future snow changes in the three stable snow cover areas will continue to decline with the increase in development imbalance. Snow cover fraction and snow depth decrease most significantly in the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau and the snow cover days in Northern Xinjiang decrease most significantly under the SSPs585 scenario. In the future, the southeast of the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau, the northwest of Northern Xinjiang, and the north of Northeast China will be the center of snow cover reduction. (3) Under the four different scenarios, the snow cover changes in the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau and Northern Xinjiang are the most significant. Under the SSPs126 and SSPs245 scenarios, the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau snow cover has the most significant change in response. Under the SSPs370 and SSPs585 scenarios, the snow cover in Northern Xinjiang has the most significant change.
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49

Kumar, Pranav. "Sino-Bhutanese Relations." China Report 46, no. 3 (August 2010): 243–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000944551104600306.

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Historically the interaction between Bhutan and China was through Tibet. The annexation of Tibet by China and the later uprising in Tibet instilled a sense of fear in Bhutan causing it to close its northern border in 1960. However, Bhutan adopted a more open policy in the 1970s gradually increasing the contacts between the two neighbours. Border talks which started in 1984 resulted in an agreement in 1998 on maintaining peace and tranquility along border areas. While China and Bhutan neither have diplomatic relations nor any legal trade, growing Chinese interests in South Asia encompass Bhutan as well. Bhutan, therefore, faces the dilemma of not hurting the interests and sentiments of its traditional friend India while at the same time needing to respond to Chinese overtures and to solve the border problem peacefully and urgently; in the Sino-Bhutanese relationship, the Indian element remains the most important variable. The dynamics of the Sino-Indian relationship and Indian and Chinese strategic interests and activities in the Himalayas will be crucial in shaping Bhutan’s policies towards China.
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50

Kohli, Manorama. "Bhutan's Strategic Environment: Changing Perceptions." India Quarterly: A Journal of International Affairs 42, no. 2 (January 1986): 142–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/097492848604200203.

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For about a decade now one has been noticing some changes and shifts in the land-locked dragon kingdom of Bhutan's perceptions of its strategic neighbourhood—India and China. The two Asian giants situated in the south and north of Bhutan are so vital in geo-political terms that their attitudes towards this buffer state as also their relative capability distribution in the Himalayan region and in South Asia will always determine practically all foreign policy considerations of Bhutan. It need hardly be stressed that Bhutan is strategically important for both its big neighbours because of its location. This is the most compelling reason for both India and China to strive for special and friendly relationships with this Buddhist theocratic state. The tri-junction of the Chumbi Valley (Tibet), Sikkim (India) and Bhutan in the eastern Himalayas is of key importance for the security of the sprawling continental mass of India as well as that of China Being only about six miles from the Chumbi Valley, the passes in Bhutan. as also Nathu La are perceived by the Chinese as likely routes for invasion from the south. Evidently a very friendly, and if possible, a dependent Bhutan will give additional security to Tibet and hence to the Chinese mainland.1
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