Academic literature on the topic 'South End Spanish Program'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the lists of relevant articles, books, theses, conference reports, and other scholarly sources on the topic 'South End Spanish Program.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Journal articles on the topic "South End Spanish Program"
1
Roldan, E. R. S., F. Berlinguer, S. Succu, R. Gonzalez, A. del Olmo, G. Espeso, M. Gomendio, and S. Ledda. "230 IN VITRO MATURATION OF OOCYTES FROM ENDANGERED DORCAS GAZELLE (GAZELLA DORCAS NEGLECTA)." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 18, no. 2 (2006): 223. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rdv18n2ab230.
Full textAbstract:
In vitro maturation of oocytes recovered from dead animals provides an opportunity for rescuing genetic material for biodiversity conservation. The dorcas gazelle (Gazella dorcas) is regarded by the World Conservation Union (IUCN) as ‘vulnerable’ but the subspecies G. dorcas neglecta is thought to be endangered due to excessive hunting. A captive breeding program for dorcas gazelles has been developed at the Estacion Experimental de Zonas Aridas (CSIC) in the South of Spain where efforts have so far concentrated on natural breeding and on the development of sperm cryopreservation protocols. The aim of the present study was to explore the possibility of recovering and maturing in vitro healthy oocytes from animals that die suddenly for the establishment of a program to rescue female gametes. Ovaries of a dorcas female that died unexpectedly were collected about 7 h after death of the animal. Cumulus–oocyte complexes (COCs) were recovered by slicing the ovaries. Collection and washing of COCs were performed in warmed TCM-199-HEPES with antibiotics and polyvinyl alcohol. Degenerated oocytes or those with expanded cumulus cells were removed. A total of 15 COCs were cultured in TCM-199 with 10% heat-treated fetal calf serum, 10 μg/mL ovine FSH/LH, 1 µg/mL estradiol, and 0.1 mg/mL glutamine at 38.5°C under 5% CO2/air with high humidity. After 24 h of culture, matured oocytes, as revealed by the presence of a polar body, were activated with 7% ethanol for 10 min and further incubation for 3 h. Meiotic progression and activation were evaluated by staining with Hoechst 33342 and propidium iodide (1 μg/mL each) and visualization under a fluorescence microscope. Results at the end of incubations showed that 4/15 oocytes were degenerated, 4/15 were arrested at the MI stage, and 7/15 (46.7%) progressed to the MII stage. One oocyte was found to be at the 2-cell stage but it could not be established whether this was the result of the activation method used. These results demonstrate that it is possible to recover viable oocytes several hours after death and rescue them for subsequent in vitro maturation and fertilization. More studies are needed to characterize suitable conditions for oocyte maturation, fertilization, and culture in the dorcas gazelle. This would, in turn, help in the effort to rescue biomaterials from wildlife for generating offspring. This work was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Education and Science (REN 2003–01587) and Acciones Integradas (HI20030336).
2
Harper, Margaret Mills. "South Atlantic Modern Language Association." PMLA/Publications of the Modern Language Association of America 114, no. 4 (September 1999): 913. http://dx.doi.org/10.1632/s0030812900154070.
Full textAbstract:
SAMLA's sixty-ninth annual convention will be held in Atlanta at the Hyatt Regency from 4 to 6 November. Our diverse program will include over 140 sessions and other events. Shirley Brice Heath will present the keynote address; Charles Altieri will address the critical forum; Ellen Douglas and Robert Morgan will give readings; and French, German, and Spanish plenary addresses will be featured. Readings by contemporary writers will be sponsored by Five Points, and graduate students will host a poets' circle.
3
López-Martín, Estrella, Beatriz Martínez-Delgado, Eva Bermejo-Sánchez, Javier Alonso, and Manuel Posada. "SpainUDP: The Spanish Undiagnosed Rare Diseases Program." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 15, no. 8 (August 14, 2018): 1746. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15081746.
Full textAbstract:
One of the IRDiRC goals for 2017–2027 is to achieve definitive diagnosis for rare undiagnosed diseases within one year, as delay in diagnosis remains one of the pending issues in the rare diseases field. The Spanish Undiagnosed Rare Diseases Program (SpainUDP) was created in response to this challenging scenario to cover patients’ needs and after seeing the success of the Undiagnosed Diseases Program (UDP) in the USA. SpainUDP offers a multidisciplinary approach to those patients who have long sought a diagnosis without any success. During the first phase of the protocol, undiagnosed cases are sent to SpainUDP by individual patients or families, patient organizations or hospitals. After careful analysis of phenotype, data from sequencing experiments (WES) is processed with a standard pipeline and detailed standardized phenotypic information (mapped to the Human Phenotype Ontology, HPO) is connected to genetic data. In addition, the participation of SpainUDP in international initiatives such as the European projects RD-Connect and Solve RD, the Undiagnosed Diseases Network International (UDNI), and the MatchMaker Exchange (MME) platform, allows the establishment of a global data sharing strategy across multiple projects submitting data to these international initiatives. From the official beginning of the program (at the end of 2015) until early 2018, 147 cases were accepted in SpainUDP. During this time, 37 cases (25%) dropped out the program due to several reasons. The remaining 110 cases are distributed as follows: phenotypic and genotypic (WES) characterization was finished in 30 cases, of which 20 (67%) were diagnosed; 21 cases are pending on variants’ validation by Sanger sequencing; in 25 cases, WES is ongoing and 34 cases are being studied for deep phenotypic characterization. In conclusion, SpainUDP aims to achieve a diagnosis following two recommendations of the IRDiRC: the patients’ diagnosis in as short a time as possible and the promotion of data sharing (especially genomic) at the international level.
4
Lara, Sonia, María Carmen González-Torres, Sara Ibarrola-García, and Ana Zúñiga. "Fostering Communicative Competence and Motivation through ComunicARTE Program." Sustainability 13, no. 5 (March 1, 2021): 2600. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13052600.
Full textAbstract:
The objective of this article is to analyse the potential of ComunicARTE, an innovative Spanish Language teaching/learning program that uses project-based learning to develop dialogic spaces which promote the communicative competence of Spanish students, together with social, emotional and motivational outcomes. Two schools have been observed with this in mind: an experimental one using this program and a control one. This is a longitudinal study with pre-and post-test data which analyses 170 children at the beginning of their fifth year and the end of their sixth year in primary school. Quantitative tests have been used to assess their communicative competence and motivational orientation in the classroom. The results obtained are discussed.
5
Lopez, Rafael, Antonio Anton, Enrique Aranda, Alfredo Carrato, Manuel Constenla, Juan Jesús Cruz, Eduardo Díaz Rubio, et al. "The Quality Oncology Practice Initiative program: Experience in Spain." Journal of Clinical Oncology 36, no. 30_suppl (October 20, 2018): 310. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2018.36.30_suppl.310.
Full textAbstract:
310 Background: Patient care quality is a discipline with enormous relevance in today’s healthcare. Quality Oncology Practice Initiative (QOPI) is a referral worldwide in quality for oncology practices. ECO Foundation is a collaboration of experts representing the major Spanish hospitals involved in the treatment of cancer patients. ECO reached an agreement with QOPI to involve Spanish hospitals in the QOPI program. Methods: Six rounds of data collection have taken place (Fall 2015 to Round 1 2018). Practices had to register online and submit data into the QOPI platform, and ECO Foundation offered all centers the necessary support. 17 Spanish hospitals have participated in the six rounds, and 7 of them have repeated participation. Core and Lung Cancer modules were completed. Results: During the six rounds, 1877 charts were submitted by the Spanish practices. In most of the rounds, the highest scores were: Pathology report confirming malignancy, Number of chemotherapy cycles documented, Patient consent for chemotherapy and 5 measures of the Lung Cancer module. The lowest scores were: Chemotherapy treatment summary provided to patient within 3 months of chemotherapy end, Chemotherapy treatment summary provided or communicated to practitioner(s) within 3 months of chemotherapy end, Smoking/tobacco use cessation counselling recommended to smokers/tobacco users in past year and Tobacco cessation counselling administered or patient referred in past year. The percentage of participating practices that presented results higher than 70% was successively 64%, 50%, 75% and 100% in the last three rounds. For the 7 hospitals that repeated participation, 3 reported an improvement of their global scores. Regarding QOPI Certification, three Spanish hospitals received this accreditation in September 2017 and one in June 2018. Conclusions: These preliminary results are a good starting point for the continued implementation of the QOPI program in Spain, thus providing a well-structured approach to analyze cancer care. ECO Foundation will continue pursuing excellence and quality with further activities like the QOPI Certification program and Quality Training Program, these being performed for the first time in Spain in 2017 and 2018 respectively.
6
López, Rafael, Antonio Antón, Enrique Aranda, Alfredo Carrato, Manuel Constenla, Juan Jesús Cruz, Eduardo Díaz-Rubio, et al. "QIM19-135: The Quality Oncology Practice Initiative Program: Experience in Spain." Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network 17, no. 3.5 (March 8, 2019): QIM19–135. http://dx.doi.org/10.6004/jnccn.2018.7175.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Patient quality care is a discipline that has acquired enormous relevance in today’s healthcare. The Quality Oncology Practice Initiative (QOPI) is a referral worldwide in terms of quality for oncology practices. The ECO Foundation is a foundation of experts representing the major Spanish hospitals involved in the treatment of cancer patients. ECO reached an agreement with ASCO to involve Spanish hospitals in the QOPI program. Methods: 6 rounds of data collection have taken place (Fall 2015 to Round 1 2018). Practices had to register online and submit data into the QOPI platform, and the ECO Foundation offered all centers the necessary support. 17 Spanish hospitals have participated in the 6 rounds, and 7 of them have repeated participation. Core and lung cancer modules were completed. Results: During the 6 rounds, 1,877 charts were submitted by the Spanish practices. In most of the rounds, the highest scores were: pathology report confirming malignancy; number of chemotherapy cycles documented; patient consent for chemotherapy; and 5 measures of the lung cancer module. The lowest scores were: chemotherapy treatment summary provided to patient within 3 months of chemotherapy end; chemotherapy treatment summary provided or communicated to practitioner(s) within 3 months of chemotherapy end; smoking/tobacco use cessation counselling recommended to smokers/tobacco users in past year; and tobacco cessation counselling administered or patient referred in past year. The percentage of participating practices that presented results higher than 70% was successively 64%, 50%, 75%, and 100% in the last 3 rounds. For the 7 hospitals that repeated participation, 3 reported an improvement of their global scores. Regarding QOPI Certification, 3 Spanish hospitals received this accreditation in September 2017 and one in June 2018. Conclusions: These preliminary results are a good starting point for the continued implementation of the QOPI program in Spain, thus providing a well-structured approach to analyze cancer care. The ECO Foundation will continue pursuing excellence and quality with further activities like the QOPI Certification program and Quality Training Program, these being performed for the first time in Spain in 2017 and 2018, respectively.
7
Lu 盧慧娟, Hui-Chuan, Cai-Yu Song 宋采育, and An Chung Cheng 鄭安中. "The Spanish Collocation Tool and Its Application in Corpus-Based Study of Spanish for Teaching and Learning." Círculo de Lingüística Aplicada a la Comunicación 85 (January 19, 2021): 269–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.5209/clac.73731.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of this paper is to introduce a developed software program called the “Spanish Collocation Tool (SCT)” and its application in related corpus-based studies. The Spanish Collocation Tool (SCT) was designed to assist with the research and analysis of Spanish collocation. The SCT allows searches of collocated elements not limited to words, but also parts of speech and lemmas. Furthermore, it can compare two collocation lists to detect any significant differences between them. In this study, this collocation tool, SCT, and a constructed L3 Taiwanese learners’ written corpus of Spanish called CEATE were combined to create efficient access to results in a systematic approach. Furthermore, by using the SCT, the pedagogical implications of the search results for the development of on-line multimedia material for learning Spanish collocations are discussed in the end.
8
Villa, Guillermo, Lucía Fernández–Ortiz, Jesús Cuervo, Pablo Rebollo, Rafael Selgas, Teresa González, and Javier Arrieta. "Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of the Spanish Renal Replacement Therapy Program." Peritoneal Dialysis International: Journal of the International Society for Peritoneal Dialysis 32, no. 2 (March 2012): 192–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.3747/pdi.2011.00037.
Full textAbstract:
♦BackgroundWe undertook a cost-effectiveness analysis of the Spanish Renal Replacement Therapy (RRT) program for end-stage renal disease patients from a societal perspective. The current Spanish situation was compared with several hypothetical scenarios.♦MethodsA Markov chain model was used as a foundation for simulations of the Spanish RRT program in three temporal horizons (5, 10, and 15 years). The current situation (scenario 1) was compared with three different scenarios: increased proportion of overall scheduled (planned) incident patients (scenario 2); constant proportion of overall scheduled incident patients, but increased proportion of scheduled incident patients on peritoneal dialysis (PD), resulting in a lower proportion of scheduled incident patients on hemodialysis (HD) (scenario 3); and increased overall proportion of scheduled incident patients together with increased scheduled incidence of patients on PD (scenario 4).♦ResultsThe incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs) of scenarios 2, 3, and 4, when compared with scenario 1, were estimated to be, respectively, -€83 150, -€354 977, and -€235 886 per incremental quality-adjusted life year (ΔQALY), evidencing both moderate cost savings and slight effectiveness gains. The net health benefits that would accrue to society were estimated to be, respectively, 0.0045, 0.0211, and 0.0219 ΔQALYs considering a willingness-to-pay threshold of €35 000/ΔQALY.♦ConclusionsScenario 1, the current Spanish situation, was dominated by all the proposed scenarios. Interestingly, scenarios 3 and 4 showed the best results in terms of cost-effectiveness. From a cost-effectiveness perspective, an increase in the overall scheduled incidence of RRT, and particularly that of PD, should be promoted.
9
Harper, Margaret Mills. "South Atlantic Modern Language Association." PMLA/Publications of the Modern Language Association of America 115, no. 4 (September 2000): 856. http://dx.doi.org/10.1632/s0030812900140325.
Full textAbstract:
SAMLA's seventieth annual convention will be held in Birmingham at the Sheraton Civic Center from 10 to 12 November. William C. Calin will present the keynote address; George Ella Lyon will give the creative address; and French, German, and Spanish plenary addresses will also be featured. Sonia Sanchez will make a special appearance, and other sessions will focus on Birmingham and Alabama writers, gender and race studies, and human rights in literature and culture. Last year's highly successful reading by contemporary writers, sponsored by the literary magazine Five Points, will be repeated. Graduate students will host a poets' circle, and a special performance of Hemingway stories will take place. Among the twenty special sessions are African Influence on Western Literatures; The Holocaust in Literature and Film; Rhetorics, Rhetoricians, and the Teaching of Rhetoric; Early Modern Women of Spain; and Epics and Literature at the Millennium. During the varied program (over 140 sessions), the convention will feature issues of technology, pedagogy, and professional concerns and will offer a number of opportunities to meet and socialize. Cash bars will be held for faculty members in two-year colleges, Feministas Unidas, and gay and lesbian studies. Side trips are planned to the Birmingham Civil Rights Institute and the Birmingham Museum of Art. A full copy of the program will be available on the SAMLA Web site in July.
10
Jarrett, Dylan, and Laura Gurzynski-Weiss. "Task-specific motivation and development of the Spanish L2 self during domestic immersion." TASK / Journal on Task-Based Language Teaching and Learning 3, no. 1 (October 4, 2023): 140–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/task.21023.jar.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract The present study considers global (Dörnyei’s 2005 L2 selves) and micro (task-specific) measures of motivation in a unique task-based context: a two-week, domestic Spanish immersion program for high schoolers in the United States (Gurzynski-Weiss, in revision). Data was collected from eight students via task-specific questionnaires (given after 30 tasks), L2 self questionnaires (given at the beginning and end of a two-week program), and 12 daily reflective journals. Results indicated overall high L2 self-constructs with little change over two weeks of instruction, and all task domains were rated moderately to very high for task motivation. It was found that higher L2 self ratings regularly patterned with higher task-specific motivation, although participant individual differences and characteristics unique to a domestic immersion program also influenced task-specific motivation.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "South End Spanish Program"
1
Jurásek, Miroslav. "Úvahy o globálním řádu po skončení studené války: perspektiva Francise Fukuyamy a Samuela P. Huntingtona." Doctoral thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-201131.
Full textAbstract:
The times coming with the End of the Cold War were very turbulent. Politicians had to take into the consideration lots of scenarios and the next global trends to make correct decisions. Most of the very numerous visions of the future global order followed more or less the twofold pattern: order or anarchy. "The End of History and the Last Man" and "The Clash of Civilizations and the Remaking of World Order" written by two prominent American political scientists Francis Fukuyama and Samuel P. Huntington and published at the beginning of the 90s are the most representative works that fit into this pattern. These provocative and controversial theories have been criticized and empirically challenged by many on one side, on the other side it hasn't impeded others to use them as a starting point for their next analyses. This dissertation thesis is a contribution to the debate between the dissenters and the supporters of these theories from a predictive point of view. Through the research theoretical methodology it is argued that the examined theories are still valid even nowadays because their theoretical essence (or hard core in the Lakatosian research program) has not been refuted yet. Nevertheless, the hard core of the theories determines their very specific character which puts forward the importance of the factors labelled in the Lakatosian framework as an external history of a science. These factors organized according to the Mehtas criteria of so called strong idea are, especially in the social sciences, decisive for how a theoretical construct is accepted in a broader non-academic context. It is demonstrated that both theories fulfill all criteria to be very influential in practice, although the idea of clash of civilizations is even more powerful in this respect. The specific features of all theories are illustrated on two case studies: Union of South American Nations and Shanghai Cooperation Organization. Firstly, the selection of these case studies is justified and secondly, the anomalies in terms of the Lakatosian methodology are identified and then explained. There have been found no unexplainable anomalies, which practically confirms the validity of both research programs on one side, on the other side it facilitates a better assessment of the studied theories in a sense of their interpretative scope and possibilities.
Books on the topic "South End Spanish Program"
1
Authority, Boston Redevelopment. Just a Start Program, South End Urban Renewal Area. Creative Media Partners, LLC, 2018.
Find full text
2
Thomas, Hugh. World Without End: The Global Empire of Philip II. Penguin, 2015.
Find full text
3
World without end: The global empire of Philip II. London, England: Allen Lane, 2014.
Find full text
4
Thomas, Hugh. World Without End: The Global Empire of Philip II. Penguin Books, Limited, 2014.
Find full text
5
Agency, Massachusetts Housing Finance. Grant manor: application for approval of project rehabilitation program; minor modification of urban renewal plan disposition parcel 34 south end urban renewal plan; and waiver of large project review under section 80 b-2 of the Boston zoning code. 1997.
Find full text
6
World without end: Spain, Philip II, and the first global empire. 2015.
Find full text
7
Krabill, Ron. Starring Mandela and Cosby: Media and the End of Apartheid. University of Chicago Press, 2010.
Find full text
8
Krabill, Ron. Starring Mandela and Cosby: Media and the End of Apartheid. University of Chicago Press, 2010.
Find full text
9
Starring Mandela and Cosby: Media and the end(s) of apartheid. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 2010.
Find full text
10
Fones-Wolf, Elizabeth, and Ken Fones-Wolf. The Wages of the “Problem South”. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252039034.003.0002.
Full textAbstract:
This chapter explores the social and economic conditions that earned the South its label, “the problem South.” By 1938, the administration of Franklin Roosevelt had identified the “colonial economy” of the South as the nation's number one economic problem. In The Report on Economic Conditions of the South, key southern liberals, under the auspices of the administration's National Emergency Council, identified the paradox of the South—a region “blessed by Nature with immense wealth” whose “people as a whole are the poorest in the country.” The report described the poverty of the region and highlighted the need to embark on a program of economic development to bring the South's economy into convergence with the nation's, but changes were already in the works. Between the issuing of the report and the end of World War II, the South made great strides forward, positioning the region for economic growth at a rate that would surpass that of the nation.
Book chapters on the topic "South End Spanish Program"
1
Hancock, James F. "The Dutch and English conquest of South East Asia." In Spices, scents and silk: catalysts of world trade, 247–63. Wallingford: CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789249743.0019.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract The chapter summarizes the rise of Dutch and English empires. The Dutch path to world power was aided greatly in 1588, when a huge armada sent by Philip II of Spain to invade Protestant Elizabeth I's England was roundly defeated. This decisive defeat of the Spanish Armada greatly bolstered the confidence of the English and Dutch and encouraged them to forge their own routes to the riches of India and South East Asia. The chapter also discusses the first Dutch expeditions to the East Indies in search of spices and how Jacob Van Heemskerck's invasion started the end of the Portuguese monopoly on trade in the East Indies. The establishment of English and Dutch East India Company is also discussed. Finally, the chapter summarizes how the East India Companies affect the European Trade.
2
Archilés, Ferran. "When the Empire Is in the South: Gendered Spanish Imperialism in Morocco at the End of the 19th Century." In European Modernity and the Passionate South, 241–61. BRILL, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/9789004527225_015.
Full text
3
Taft, George, and Bilal Haq. "Deep Sea Fan Issues." In Continental Shelf Limits. Oxford University Press, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195117820.003.0026.
Full textAbstract:
Deep sea fans occur along many continental margins. The Bengal Fan is the world's largest elongated submarine fan area, occupying over 3 x 106 km2 of seafloor in the Bay of Bengal. The Bay of Bengal is bordered by Sri Lanka, India, Bangladesh, Myanamar, the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, and Sumatra. The fan spans an area that is 2800-3000km in length and 830-1430 km in width. At the northern end of the Bay, the sediment cover is estimated to be more than 16 km in thickness (Curray and Moore, 1971, 1974, Moore et al., 1974). Recent drilling on the distal part of the fan just south of the equator during Ocean Drilling Program Leg 116 cored nearly 1 km of sediment without reaching hardrock basement (Cochran et al., 1990). The submarine feature of the Ninetyeast Ridge divides the fan into two major lobes, the main Bengal Fan and the eastern lobe, also known as the Nicobar Fan (Curray and Moore, 1974) (figure 19.1). The fan extends from 20°N latitude and, based on recent sedimentological and channel-system studies, to beyond 9°S latitude (Stow et al., 1990; Hübscher et al., 1997). The great size of the Bengal Fan is related to the history of the collision of the Indian tectonic plate with Eurasia and the subsequent uplift of the Himalayas. The first encounter of the northward-moving Indian Plate with the Asian mainland occurred around 50 million years (my) ago in the early Eocene Epoch (Haq, 1985). The first collision caused the initial uplift in the Himalayan region. Sedimentation in the bay is inferred to have started after this first collision, but extensive sedimentation probably did not begin until the early Miocene (ca. 17 my ago) after a major uplift in the Himalayas (Haq, 1985). Weathering and denudation of the Himalayas has furnished huge volumes of sediments that have built the Bengal Fan, supplied through the Ganges and Brahmaputra Rivers and their delta (figure 19.2). Sediments are transported largely by turbidity currents across the submerged continental terrace in the proximal part of the fan through a major delta-front canyon, also known as the Swatch-of-No-Ground. Currently, this canyon discharges its load into a single active channel that supplies sediment to the entire length of the fan.
4
Balfour, Sebastian. "A Disaster Foretold? The Spanish Defeat at Anual." In Deadly Embrace, 52–82. Oxford University PressOxford, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199252961.003.0003.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract The history of colonial campaigns is littered with military disasters suffered by the European powers. The British in particular were defeated several times at the end of the nineteenth century at the height of their expansionism in south and eastern Africa. They were routed in 1879 by the Zulu army at Isandhlwana. The Mahdi uprising in 1882 in Eastern Sudan led to the ten- month siege of British-held Khartoum and its fall in 1885 and the death of General Gordon and his soldiers. The Boers in South Africa inflicted defeat on the British army in 1881 and then during the Boer War of 1889–1902. For their part, the Italians suffered military defeat at the hands of the Ethiopians at Adowa in 1896, which led to the fall of a government and Italy’s abandonment of its aim to create a colonial empire in Abyssinia.
5
Smallman-Raynor, Matthew, and Andrew Cliff. "Oceania:War Epidemics in South Pacific Islands." In War Epidemics. Oxford University Press, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198233640.003.0022.
Full textAbstract:
So far, the geographical foci of our regional–thematic examination of the linkages between war and disease have been the great continental land masses of the Americas, Europe, Asia, and Africa. We now turn our attention to a different stage for the geographical spread of war epidemics—oceanic islands. As well as the particular interest which attaches to islands as natural laboratories for the study of epidemiological processes (Cliff et al., 1981, 2000), island epidemics also hold a special place in war history. For example, we saw in Chapter 2 how the islands of the Caribbean became staging posts for the spread of wave upon wave of Old World ‘eruptive fevers’ (especially measles, plague, smallpox, and typhus) brought by the Spanish conquistadores to the Americas during the sixteenth century. Much later, the mysterious fever that broke out on the island of Walcheren in 1809 ranks as one of the greatest medical disasters to have befallen the British Army. In this chapter, we examine the theme of island epidemics with special reference to the military engagements of Australia, New Zealand, and the neighbouring islands of the South Pacific since 1850. Figure 11.1 serves as a location map for the discussion, while sample conflicts—exclusive of tribal feuds, skirmishes, and other minor events for which little or no documentary evidence exists—are listed in Table 11.1. Our analysis begins in Section 11.2. There we provide a brief review of the initial introduction and spread of some of the Old World diseases which occurred in association with South Pacific colonization and conflicts during the last half of the nineteenth century. In Sections 11.3 and 11.4, we move on to the twentieth century. In the Great War, Australia and New Zealand made a relatively larger contribution to military manpower than any other allied country. At the end of the conflict, the return of many tens of thousands of antipodean troops from the battlefields of Europe fuelled the extension of the 1918–19 ‘Spanish’ influenza pandemic into the South Pacific region (Cumpston, 1919). In Section 11.3, we examine the spread of influenza on board returning troopships and subsequently within Australia, New Zealand, and the neighbouring islands of the region.
6
Mawson, Stephanie Joy. "Slave Raiding and Imperial Retreat." In Incomplete Conquests, 78–101. Cornell University Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.7591/cornell/9781501770265.003.0005.
Full textAbstract:
This chapter details how the slave raiding that took place in the seventeenth-century Philippines took on a new political dimension as a response to Spanish expansionary ambitions in South-east Asia. While Spanish officials in Manila worried about Dutch attacks on their commercial activities, the slave raiding polities of the southern archipelago were arguably a more consistent threat to the Spanish presence in the Philippines. Not only did they destabilize the process of colonization in the Visayas through their regular attacks on newly formed Spanish settlements, but they also thwarted Spanish ambitions of expanding their influence and reaching further into the Indonesian archipelago. The conflict between the Spanish and Moro polities in the southern archipelago has often been framed as a religious conflict between Islam and Christianity. Yet, this interpretation overlooks the multiple limitations that the Spanish military faced and the consistent successes of the Moros in countering Spanish attacks. By the end of the century, the original objective of territorial expansion and conquest was abandoned completely in favor of merely holding what could be held in the region.
7
Berger, Iris. "New Frontiers." In South Africa in World History, 39–64. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195157543.003.0003.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract In 1808, Louis, a Cape Town slave who worked as a tailor and was married to a free woman, led a remarkable rebellion against slavery. Following plans hatched with two Irish sailors for the Dutch East India Company, who assured him that there were no slaves in Great Britain or America, Louis traveled into the countryside with his two supporters. They deserted him on the morning the uprising began. But Louis, posing in the uniform of a Spanish sea captain with a smart blue jacket and ostrich feather hat, began marching from farm to farm informing slaves that the governor had ordered their freedom. Christians, he announced, should be bound and brought to Cape Town; they would be shipped overseas and their land distributed to the enslaved. By the end of the day, well over three hundred people had joined the marchers, who moved quickly, but relatively peacefully, gathering arms and ammunition, horses, and wagons; on a few farms they smashed furniture and windows. Most notable in the testimony of those captured that evening was the explanation of their motivation. The Secretary of the Court of Justice reported that all those taken into custody “without exception, declared that they had not the least reasons for complaints against their masters, but on the contrary they had been well treated.” Rather they were expressing a profound desire for freedom. Nearly three decades were to pass before these dreams were realized.
8
Jones, Howard. "The Politics of Justice." In Mutiny on the Amistad, 47–62. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195038293.003.0004.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Had not a presidential election and racial feelings entered the controversy, the Amistad matter might have come to a close during the autumn of 1839. If newspapers were any indication, many Americans seemed to concede the blacks' right to freedom. But this feeling met rigid opposition from the Van Buren administration in Washington, scattered spokesmen in the American press, especially in the South, and the Spanish government in Madrid. Political and racial considerations soon combined to force a White House policy regarding the Amistad that ignored fundamental liberties and called for an end to the matter by returning the vessel and its cargo to the Spanish government. If the president had doubts about the issue, his Southern constituency probably removed them. The blacks were Spanish subjects, according to the Charleston Mercury.
9
Gillespie, Deanna M. "The Citizenship Education Program’s “Second Phase,” 1966–1969." In The Citizenship Education Program and Black Women's Political Culture, 163–82. University Press of Florida, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5744/florida/9780813066943.003.0009.
Full textAbstract:
This chapter examines the CEP after passage of the Voting Rights Act of 1965. The end of the literacy test opened voter registration for African Americans but did not address persistent poverty and illiteracy. As Martin Luther King Jr. issued calls for a Poor People’s Campaign, CEP staff and local teachers steered the program into a “second phase.” New CEP director Dorothy Cotton and Septima Clark returned to Alabama’s Black Belt to lend support for a comprehensive anti-poverty initiative in Wilcox County, while Bernice Robinson and Victoria Gray worked to refashion the CEP into a crash political education course. In local communities across the South, CEP veterans leveraged program experience and applied lessons to organize local initiatives, most notably newly-created Head Start programs.
10
Israel, Jonathan. "The Republic at its Zenith, II: 1659-1672." In The Dutch Republic, 739–95. Oxford University PressOxford, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198730729.003.0030.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract A new era commenced in both parts of the Netherlands with the end of the great Franco-Spanish war of 1635-59. The peace of the Pyrenees (1659) which concluded the Franco-Spanish conflict, a struggle which dominated the affairs of western Europe for a quarter of a century, also signalled a fundamental change in Spain’s role in the Netherlands and in that of the Republic in the southern provinces. Before 1659, the Republic had had no role in the south and, since 1648, it had been free of any entanglement by land liable to threaten its security or commerce. The Dutch had come under heavy pressure from England. But the English threat, severe though it was, was confined to the maritime sphere and the Indies. Until 1659, Spain had shouldered the burden of containing French power in western Europe and of fortifying the south Netherlands.
Conference papers on the topic "South End Spanish Program"
1
Socorro, Jander, and Florentin J.-M. R. Maurrasse. "GEOCHEMICAL AND LITHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF CHANGING PALEOENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS ASSOCIATED WITH THE END OF CARBON ISOTOPE SEGMENT C5 OF OAE 1A IN THE SOUTH-CENTRAL SPANISH PYRENEES." In GSA Annual Meeting in Phoenix, Arizona, USA - 2019. Geological Society of America, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2019am-340572.
Full text
2
Пилипенко, Г. П. "Адаптация испанских глаголов в речи славян-переселенцев в Аргентине." In Межкультурное и межъязыковое взаимодействие в пространстве Славии (к 110-летию со дня рождения С. Б. Бернштейна). Институт славяноведения РАН, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31168/0459-6.09.
Full textAbstract:
In the north-east of Argentina, in the province of Misiones, there are speakers of Ukrainian, Polish, Belarusian dialects, descendants of labor migrants who began to settle there since the end of the XIX century. During the field researches carried out from 2015 to 2019, narratives in dialect were collected in these languages. The paper discusses models of verb adaptation borrowed from the Spanish language in the speech of the descendants of Slavic immigrants. Both oral speech recordings and written sources of the dialect are involved (the diary of a migrant from Volhynia, Kirill Wozniuk, written in the South Volhynian dialect of the Ukrainian language). The models of verb adaptation in all three languages are identical.
3
Waggitt, Peter, and Mike Fawcett. "Completion of the South Alligator Valley Remediation: Northern Territory, Australia." In ASME 2009 12th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2009-16198.
Full textAbstract:
13 uranium mines operated in the South Alligator Valley of Australia’s Northern Territory between 1953 and 1963. At the end of operations the mines, and associated infrastructure, were simply abandoned. As this activity preceded environmental legislation by about 15 years there was neither any obligation, nor attempt, at remediation. In the 1980s it was decided that the whole area should become an extension of the adjacent World Heritage, Kakadu National Park. As a result the Commonwealth Government made an inventory of the abandoned mines and associated facilities in 1986. This established the size and scope of the liability and formed the framework for a possible future remediation project. The initial program for the reduction of physical and radiological hazards at each of the identified sites was formulated in 1989 and the works took place from 1990 to 1992. But even at this time, as throughout much of the valley’s history, little attention was being paid to the long term aspirations of traditional land owners. The traditional Aboriginal owners, the Gunlom Land Trust, were granted freehold Native Title to the area in 1996. They immediately leased the land back to the Commonwealth Government so it would remain a part of Kakadu National Park, but under joint management. One condition of the lease required that all evidence of former mining activity be remediated by 2015. The consultation, and subsequent planning processes, for a final remediation program began in 1997. A plan was agreed in 2003 and, after funding was granted in 2005, works implementation commenced in 2007. An earlier paper described the planning and consultation stages, experience involving the cleaning up of remant uranium mill tailings and other mining residues; and the successful implementation of the initial remediation works. This paper deals with the final planning and design processes to complete the remediation programme, which is due to occur in 2009. The issues of final containment design and long term stewardship are addressed in the paper as well as some comments on lessons learned through the life of the project.
4
McDonell, V. G., R. L. Hack, S. W. Lee, J. L. Mauzey, J. S. Wojciechowski, and G. S. Samuelsen. "Experiences With Microturbine Generator Systems Installed in the South Coast Air Quality Management District." In ASME Turbo Expo 2003, collocated with the 2003 International Joint Power Generation Conference. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2003-38777.
Full textAbstract:
A comprehensive field data collection campaign is reported on in which operational data are being obtained from microturbine generators located in the South Coast Air Quality Management District (AQMD). The data obtained are archived in a SQL database, which provides the ability to look at various performance aspects as a function of many parameters interactively on the Internet. An overview of the program is provided along with details regarding the data collection and archiving strategies. To provide a framework relative to optimal operation of these systems in the region, economics associated with various operational schedules as a function of various rate structures in Southern California are provided. In addition to quantitative operational characteristics and performance results, some general end-user impressions of the technology and of the overall installation process are also documented. Details from three representative sites are presented.
5
Gordon, Brittaney-Belle E., Katherine Kaufman, Sean T. Hicks, Rebecca J. Cleveland, Julie A. Norfleet, Leigh F. Callahan, and Saira Z. Sheikh. "LL-08 Walk SLE – end of study results of a pilot study exploring walk with ease, a self-directed walking program, in lupus patients." In LUPUS 21ST CENTURY 2018 CONFERENCE, Abstracts of the Fourth Biannual Scientific Meeting of the North and South American and Caribbean Lupus Community, Armonk, New York, USA, September 13 – 15, 2018. Lupus Foundation of America, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/lupus-2018-lsm.118.
Full text
6
Fan, Di, Qi Kang, Ruochen Zhang, Jing Gong, and Changchun Wu. "A New Hydraulic and Thermal Steady-State Calculation Program for Multiphase Pipe Network." In 2018 12th International Pipeline Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2018-78279.
Full textAbstract:
With the continuous development of offshore oil and gas resources, calculation software for multiphase flowing pipe network has become an important tool for the design and daily operation of multiphase flowing pipe network. Improved accuracy of hydraulic and thermal calculation is an engineering requirement for economic and efficient production. Therefore, a new program is developed for multiphase pipe network in this paper. This program contains a general data structure to describe the complex connection of a pipe network. The structure is based on the conception of the incidence matrix and the adjacency matrix in graph theory. Two processes, hydraulic equilibrium calculation and thermodynamic equilibrium calculation are successively taken in this program to gain the steady-state for a multiphase pipe network. For the hydraulic equilibrium calculation, applying flow equation to each pipe in the network gains a pipe flow vector. A nonlinear system of equations, which represent flow balance of each node, is obtained by multiplying the incidence matrix and the pipe flow vector. To solve these equations, the Newton-Raphson iterative algorithm is used and afterwards, the hydraulic parameters of the pipe network are obtained. For thermal equilibrium calculation, since all the temperature of source nodes is known, the key step is to find the solution order of other node temperature. The program obtains the order by transforming the adjacency matrix. Deng temperature drop formula is used to calculate the end temperature of each pipe. When a node has more than one inflow, an average temperature based on the heat capacity and mass flow is adopted after gaining each pipe’s outlet temperature. Combining hydraulic and thermal algorithms, a complete set of solution program for steady-state of multiphase pipe network is compiled. In the end, two cases are performed to check the accuracy of the program. In the first case, a pipe network is created by using the data collected from a condensate gas gathering network in the South China Sea. The result indicates that the program has a good agreement with the actual data. In the second case, the program is applied in a single-phase network and gains almost the same result calculated by PipePhase and PipeSim.
7
Mollo, Paseka Patric, Ratokelo Willie Thabane, and Brigitte Lenong. "REFLECTION ON THE USE OF E-PORTFOLIOS DURING TEACHING PRACTICUM AT A UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY IN SOUTH AFRICA." In International Conference on Education and New Developments. inScience Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36315/2022v1end013.
Full textAbstract:
"During teaching practicum student teachers are expected to acquire major pedagogical skills that have to do with classroom management; organisation; self-criticism; leadership; teaching; testing and assessing between themselves. Evidence of all activities of a student-teacher during teaching practicum is usually contained in a portfolio of evidence which is submitted to the faculty at the end of the program. At the Central University of Technology, this portfolio has always been paper-based. The aim of this project is to reflect on the use of e-portfolios during teaching practicum as a replacement for paper-based portfolios. The project used Participatory Action Research (PAR) as a research methodology. Workshops, interviews, and observations were used as data-gathering instruments. Internal stakeholders took part in the project and included student teachers and lecturers, and the e-learning center at the Central University of Technology. This report provided an overview of the entire project, including the planning phase results. Thematic analysis arrived at teacher training institutions must adopt e-portfolios as a reflective tool to enhance students learning."
8
Woicke, Svenja, and Hans Krüger. "Evaluation of optical absolute navigation method using craters for lunar south pole landing." In ESA 12th International Conference on Guidance Navigation and Control and 9th International Conference on Astrodynamics Tools and Techniques. ESA, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5270/esa-gnc-icatt-2023-053.
Full textAbstract:
ESA desires to land on the Moon within the European Large Logistics Lander (EL3) program. EL3 comprises multiple landers, each aiming for a different landing site. To this end, the landers require a GNC system that can precisely reach any desired landing site on the entire Moon. Landing with high accuracy requires to include an absolute navigation method into the GNC system, which makes the landers MCMF pose observable. With the crater navigation system, CNav, one such method has been developed at DLR. The basic concept is first detecting impact craters in images periodically acquired of the lunar surface. The second step is matching the craters detected within that image with the ones included in an a priori determined database. From these matches the spacecraft’s absolute position and orientation is determined. Our system uses three different matching strategies which are autonomously selected by considering the system’s current state and other parameters. This advanced matching scheme allows for global navigation, offering a moderate measurement frequency at coarse navigation knowledge, and high-speed operation at tracking-grade state accuracy. A typical CNav operation begins with the crater detector robustly extracting craters from images of the underlying lunar surface taken by the spacecraft. Then, the crater candidates are to be matched against a crater catalog using the advanced matching scheme. The first matching technique is a form of lost-in-space matching, which in principal can be performed in the absence of any a-priori state knowledge. We call this acquisition mode. In case of better on-board navigation accuracy, e.g. from a prior successful CNav solution or from ground updates, a faster, more robust matching mode approach can be used: the tracking mode. After its successful operation, any matching method includes a thorough match verification strategy, which ensures that the probability of a false match is low. During extensive testing it was found that less than 1 percent false matches remain undetected and are returned by the method. Even then the remaining false matches can most likely be detected in a later stage by means of navigation filter internal measurement checking. DLR has a global crater database of more than 40 Mio craters available which serves as a basis for generating the on-board crater catalogs. Thus, CNav can be employed for landing everywhere on the Moon, provided sufficiently illuminated images can be taken and craters are present. Especially at the lunar south pole, it can be difficult to satisfy these two constraints. However, the south pole is one of the prime targets of future missions such as EL3. Therefore, an analysis has been performed in the context of DLR’s contribution to the EL3 study to demonstrate the applicability and performance of CNav for a landing at the south pole. It has been demonstrated that viable approach trajectories exist which are sufficiently illuminated and contain sufficient craters to deliver CNav results down to altitudes of around 1 km above the landing site. In addition, a more detailed investigation of the landing conditions and their impact of the applicability of optical methods for landing on the south pole has been performed. We conclude that landing at or close to the south pole is feasible using CNav. In the paper we will present the results of both the illumination analysis and the CNav performance for a landing at the lunar south pole, thereby we will demonstrate that DLR’s crater navigation can be used to land an EL3 lander at the south pole.
9
Boszczowski, Eduardo Bomfim, Carlos Renato Aragonez de Vasconcellos, Kleber Vini´cius da Cruz, Ozias Pereira Filho, and Sarah Marcela C. Cartagena. "Best Practices for Third Party Pipeline Damage Risk Management With Social and Environment Responsibility: Transpetro—Petrobras Transporte S.A." In 2008 7th International Pipeline Conference. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2008-64595.
Full textAbstract:
The present paper describes the tasks developed along 550 kilometers of PETROBRAS TRANSPORTE South Region right-of-way where there are more than 1000 kilometers of onshore pipelines. This work was based on the company Integrity Management Program, with focus on risk reduction due to third party damage, promoting social accountability and environment preservation. On the Introduction there are presented pipeline failures stats in USA and Europe. It’s visible in the stats that third party damage is one of the most common pipeline failures responsibleness. In the next topics we list the mitigation methods based on the Integrity Management Program that involves risk analysis; inspection plans based on risk; plan check and program audits. On the Detailed Plan we present standards and normal requirement for pipeline integrity; the Company GIS — Geographic Information System — where you find the pipeline data with its position and depth from ground level; the action plan to correct anomalies found during inspections; and the awareness programs performed through the Communication System to answer the solicitations registered at TRANSPETRO Call Center. We also present the social and environment Responsibility Program that includes the Identification of the communities around our right-of-way, the social and environment classification and the projects development to guaranty the installation integrity that contribute to the communities quality life raise. The Communication Plan for the stakeholders is based on API 1162 – Public Awareness Programs for Pipeline Operators. This plan is accomplished by a team of different professionals such as communication and social service professionals and others. They visit Public Officials (City Hall, Civil Defense, Fire Department, Road Police and Public Services Providers), Excavators, land owners and communities with the objective to guide and publicize safe and co-responsible manners to pipeline installations. It’s remarkable the creation of especial projects in the communities along the right-of-way, such as Communitarian vegetable fields, mobile movie theaters and educational effort in high schools. We also present the results from the Integrity Program to prevent third party damage, the improvement promoted and the recommendations to make it better. At the end we present the costs involved in all actions to prevent third party damage by Brazil South Region Pipeline Operator.
10
Huang, Shaobo, Cassandra M. Degen, Karim H. Muci-Kuchler, and Marius D. Ellingsen. "Increasing Student Awareness of Non-Traditional Career Paths in Mechanical Engineering." In ASME 2016 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2016-66986.
Full textAbstract:
This paper reports the effect of the curriculum changes in the Mechanical Engineering (ME) department at the South Dakota School of Mines and Technology (SDSM&T) in two freshman courses. Besides introducing fundamental concepts and principles for mechanical engineering, these courses utilize guest speaker sections to introduce career opportunities, and integrate marketing and corporate policy into engineering design projects. An engineering motivation survey and a career awareness questionnaire were developed and employed to better understand the impact of the new curriculum on students’ attitudes toward and desire to persist in Mechanical Engineering. Freshmen students’ intrinsic and extrinsic motivations and career awareness were assessed in pre- and post-tests at the beginning and the end of a semester. The results obtained showed that the introduction of the non-traditional career paths into the two courses students’ perceptions of the career options that ME graduates can pursue and showcased alternatives that proved to be more attractive to under-represented (female) students. Although the students spent less time in traditional engineering topics, their engineering self-efficacy was not diminished, and in fact, the students’ intrinsic motivation was significantly improved. Additionally, students perceived stronger inclusion in the ME program.
Reports on the topic "South End Spanish Program"
1
Álvarez Marinelli, Horacio, Samuel Berlinski, Matías Busso, and Julián Martínez Correa. Research Insights: Can Training and Coaching Teachers and the Provision of Structured Materials Improve Early Literacy among First-Grade Students? Inter-American Development Bank, December 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0004606.
Full textAbstract:
AUTHORÁlvarez Marinelli, Horacio; Berlinski, Samuel; Busso, Matías; Martínez Correa, JuliánDATEDec 2022READ: English (4 downloads) View Online Download Spanish (5 downloads) View Online Download DOIhttp://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0004606A one-year teacher professional development program was effective at improving students literacy skills by the end of first grade (0.39 of a standard deviation in overall literacy proficiency). Literacy gains persisted through the second and third grades, even though teachers in those grades were not part of the program. Gains were homogeneous across students of different characteristics such as gender, socioeconomic status, and initial levels of literacy skills.
2
Bracewell, Jeff, and Jane Carlson. Coastal topography change at Padre Island National Seashore, Texas: 2017–2021 data summary. National Park Service, March 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrds-2293032.
Full textAbstract:
In May and June 2017, April 2019, and May 2021, the Gulf Coast Network (GULN) collected coastal topography data at Padre Island National Seashore (PAIS) as a part of the NPS Vital Signs Monitoring Program. Monitoring was conducted following methods detailed in Monitoring Coastal Topography at Gulf Coast Network Parks: Protocol Implementation Plan (PIP; Bracewell 2017). Key findings from this effort are as follows: A fixed set of 23 topographic transects distributed along the Gulf shore were surveyed. The most accelerated change in profile area occurred in the transect groups located near Mile Markers 15 and 37. This is likely due to the impacts from Hurricane Hanna. The transects on the south end of Padre Island National Seashore near Mansfield Channel showed short-term losses in profile area (2019 to 2021) that are less than the longer-term losses (2017 to 2021). The transect nearest the channel showed substantial recovery, which is related to the deposition of dredged material. This project is in the early phases of implementation and will benefit from future surveys to better understand the influence of slight changes in survey timing and other environmental variations.
3
Blais-Stevens, A., A. Castagner, A. Grenier, and K D Brewer. Preliminary results from a subbottom profiling survey of Seton Lake, British Columbia. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/332277.
Full textAbstract:
Seton Lake is a freshwater fiord located in southwestern British Columbia, roughly 4 km west of Lillooet and 250 km north-northeast of Vancouver. Located in the Coast Mountains, it is an alpine lake about 22-km long and roughly 1-1.5 km wide. It is separated from nearby Anderson Lake, located to the west, by a large pre-historic rock avalanche deposit at Seton Portage. The lake stands at about 243 m above sea level and is up to about 150 m deep (BC gov., 1953). Water level is controlled by a hydroelectric dam (i.e., Seton dam) located at the eastern end of the lake. Here, the lake drains east into Seton Canal, a 5 km diversion of the flow of the Seton River, which begins at the Seton dam. The Seton Canal pushes water to the Seton Powerhouse, a hydroelectric generating station at the Fraser River, just south of the community of Sekw'el'was and confluence of the Seton River, which drains into the Fraser River at Lillooet. Seton Portage, Shalatlh, South Shalatlh, Tsal'alh (Shalath), Sekw'el'was (Cayoosh Creek), and T'it'q'et (Lillooet) are communities that surround the lake. Surrounded by mountainous terrain, the lake is flanked at mid-slope by glacial and colluvial sediments deposited during the last glacial and deglacial periods (Clague, 1989; Jakob, 2018). The bedrock consists mainly of mafic to ultramafic volcanic rocks with minor carbonate and argillite from the Carboniferous to Middle Jurassic periods (Journeay and Monger, 1994). As part of the Public Safety Geoscience Program at the Geological Survey of Canada (Natural Resources Canada), our goal is to provide baseline geoscience information to nearby communities, stakeholders and decision-makers. Our objective was to see what kind of sediments were deposited and specifically if we could identify underwater landslide deposits. Thus, we surveyed the lake using a Pinger SBP sub bottom profiler made by Knudsen Engineering Ltd., with dual 3.5 / 200 kHz transducers mounted to a small boat (see photo). This instrument transmits sound energy down through the water column that reflects off the lake bottom surface and underlying sediment layers. At the lake surface, the reflected sound energy is received by the profiler, recorded on a laptop computer, and integrated with GPS data. These data are processed to generate a two-dimensional image (or profile) showing the character of the lake bottom and underlying sediments along the route that the boat passed over. Our survey in 2022 recorded 98 profiles along Seton Lake. The red transect lines show the locations of the 20 profiles displayed on the poster. The types of sediments observed are mostly fine-grained glaciolacustrine sediments that are horizontally bedded with a subtle transition between glaciolacustrine to lacustrine (e.g., profiles A-A'; C-C'; F-F'; S-S'). Profile S-S' displays this transition zone. The glaciolacustrine sediments probably were deposited as the Cordilleran Ice Sheet retreated from the local area (~13,000-11,000 years ago; Clague, 2017) and the lacustrine sediments, after the ice receded to present-day conditions. Some of the parallel reflections are interrupted, suggesting abrupt sedimentation by deposits that are not horizontally bedded; these are interpreted as landslide deposits (see pink or blue deposits on profiles). The deposits that show disturbance in the sedimentation found within the horizontal beds are thought to be older landslides (e.g., blue arrows/deposits in profiles C-C'; E-E'; F-F'; G-G'; I-I'; J-J'; K-K'; N-N'; P-P'; Q-Q'; R-R'; T-T'; U-U'), but the ones that are found on top of the horizontally laminated sediments (red arrows/pink deposits), and close to the lake wall, are interpreted to be younger (e.g., profiles B-B'; C-C'; H-H'; K-K'; M-M'; O-O'; P-P'; Q-Q'). At the fan delta just west of Seton dam, where there was no acoustic signal penetration, it is interpreted that the delta failed and brought down coarser deposits at the bottom of the lake (e.g., profiles H-H'; M-M'; and perhaps K-K'). However, these could be glacial deposits, bedrock, or other coarser deposits. Some of the deposits that reflect poor penetration of the acoustic signal, below the glaciolacustrine sediments, could represent glacial deposits, old landslide deposits, or perhaps the presence of gas (orange arrows; e.g, B-B'; D-D'; J-J'; O-O', T-T'). The preliminary results from sub bottom profiling reveal that there are underwater landslides deposits of widely varying ages buried in the bottom of the lake. However, the exact timing of these is not known. Hence our preliminary survey gives an overview of the distribution of landslides where there seems to be a larger number of landslides recorded in the narrower eastern portion of the lake.