Journal articles on the topic 'South Australia People with mental disabilities'
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McCausland, Ruth, and Eileen Baldry. "‘I feel like I failed him by ringing the police’: Criminalising disability in Australia." Punishment & Society 19, no. 3 (March 3, 2017): 290–309. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1462474517696126.
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The stigmatisation, control, criminalisation and incarceration of people with disability have a long history. While in recent decades there has been increasing commitment to the rights of people with disabilities by governments in western nations, the over-representation of people with mental and cognitive disability in criminal justice systems has continued. Although there are similarities amongst Western jurisdictions in regard to the treatment of people with disability in justice systems, there are particularities in Australia that will be drawn out in this article. We argue that disadvantaged people with mental and cognitive disability are being managed by and entrenched in criminal justice systems across Australia’s six states and two territories, including so-called diversionary and therapeutic measures that appear to accommodate their disability. In the absence of early and appropriate diagnosis, intervention and support in the community, some disadvantaged and poor persons with mental and cognitive disability, in particular Indigenous Australians, are being systematically criminalised. Criminal justice agencies and especially youth and adult prisons have become normalised as places of disability management and control. Drawing on research that focuses in detail on the jurisdictions of the Northern Territory and New South Wales, we argue for a reconstruction of the understanding of and response to people with these disabilities in the criminal justice system.
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Henderson, Julie, and Samantha Battams. "Mental health and barriers to the achievement of the 'right to health'." Australian Journal of Primary Health 17, no. 3 (2011): 220. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py10063.
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This paper explores issues relating to access to physical and mental health care for people with mental health problems in light of Australia’s endorsement in 2008 of the Convention of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, which established the right to health and to health care. Interviews were conducted with 10 key stakeholders with legal, policy, clinical and advocacy roles within South Australia and at a national and international level. Participants identified several barriers to the achievement of the right to health for people with mental illness, with discussion highlighting the legal definition of rights, governance of health and mental health, and structural barriers to receipt of care as the primary barriers. The data are explored in relation to social models of disability.
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Malvaso, Catia, and Paul Delfabbro. "Young People with Complex Needs Leaving Out-of-Home Care: Service Issues and the Need to Enhance Practice and Policy." Children Australia 41, no. 1 (October 26, 2015): 69–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cha.2015.48.
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Leaving statutory out-of-home care (OOHC) is a challenging time for many young people; however, certain groups have greater difficulty transitioning to independence. This includes young people with multiple and complex needs, such as those suffering from mental health problems and disabilities, as well as young people with borderline conditions or who disengage from services. The aim of this study was to gain a deeper understanding of the service issues pertaining to these vulnerable groups in South Australia, as well as to identify ways that policy and practice can be enhanced to better facilitate service engagement. Twenty-nine individual interviews and focus groups were conducted with people working in organisations who have knowledge of, or contact with, young people leaving care (N = 66). Thematic analysis was used to organise responses according to two overarching themes: (1) Issues with current leaving care services and preparation, and (2) Enhancing policy and practice. The principal challenges related to difficulties in matching the structure of formal services to a population with highly unstructured living arrangements, a history of problematic engagement with the care system, and difficulties arising due to service ineligibility issues. Potential improvements to the current system and program delivery are discussed.
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Caudrey, David, and Marguerite Dissinger. "Health Support of People with Disabilities in South Australia." Disease Management & Health Outcomes 15, no. 6 (2007): 341–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00115677-200715060-00003.
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Aldous, David E. "Perspectives on Horticultural Therapy in Australia." HortTechnology 10, no. 1 (January 2000): 18–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech.10.1.18.
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Human awareness of plants in Australia goes back 50,000 years when the aboriginal first began using plants to treat, clothe and feed themselves. The European influence came in 1778 with the First Fleet landing in New South Wales. Australia's earliest records of using horticulture for therapy and rehabilitation were in institutions for people with intellectual disabilities or who were incarcerated. Eventually, legislation created greater awareness in the government and community for the needs of persons with disabilities, and many worthwhile projects, programs and organizations were established or gained greater recognition. Horticultural therapy programs may be found in nursing homes, rehabilitation centers, adult training support services, hospitals, day centers, community centers and gardens, educational institutions, supported employment, and the prisons system. This article reviews the history and development of Australian horticulture as a therapy in the treatment of disabilities and social disadvantaged groups, and includes an overview of programs offered for special populations and of Australia's horticultural therapy associations. It also discusses opportunities for research, teaching and extension for horticultural therapy in Australia.
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Snowdon, John, and Tom Arie. "Old age psychiatry services: long-stay care facilities in Australia and the UK." Psychiatric Bulletin 26, no. 1 (January 2002): 24–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/pb.26.1.24.
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We are old age psychiatrists; T.A. based in Britain, J.S. in Australia. A return visit by T.A. to Australia allowed us to focus attention on differences between the two countries in their provision of long-term care for old people with mental disabilities. What works well? What constrains development?
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Conning, Alison M., and Len A. Rowland. "Where do People with Long-Term Mental Health Problems Live?" British Journal of Psychiatry 158, S10 (May 1991): 80–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/s0007125000292040.
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The closure of large psychiatric institutions has led to alternative accommodation being developed for people with long-term psychiatric disabilities, with an emphasis on group living. Despite this, very little is known about where these people live, about the accommodation needs of this group, or whether men and women have differing needs. This paper examines the accommodation of all people with long-term and severe psychiatric disabilities in one South London borough who were in contact with a specialist service. It was found that the majority of people either live with their families – although the family member differed for men and women – or live alone. Men were more likely than women to live in hostels or alone, while women were more likely than men to live with their families.
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Lawn, Sharon, Elaine Waddell, Taryn Cowain, Carol Turnbull, and Janne McMahon. "Implementing national mental health carer partnership standards in South Australia." Australian Health Review 44, no. 6 (2020): 880. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah19156.
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ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to describe the current state of carer engagement and partnership in two mental health (MH) services in South Australia and the implementation of the six partnership standards in A Practical Guide to Working with Carers of People with a Mental Illness. MethodsAnonymous surveys of carer experiences and clinician self-ratings of their own practice against the six partnership standards were completed by 94 staff and 58 carers within public and private MH in-patient units before and after exposure of clinicians to education about the partnership standards. Descriptive statistical analysis was performed and, where applicable, a comparative analysis used the two-sample Z-test of proportions. Qualitative data was analysed thematically. ResultsConsiderable gaps were evident between carer experiences and clinician self-ratings of their own practice. Overall, the surveys point to the lack of a consistent approach by both public and private services, and suggest potential barriers to fostering carer participation and engagement. Confidentiality was a particularly noted barrier to partnership with carers. ConclusionSignificant improvement is needed to meet the partnership standards. Brief exposure to the Guide is not, in itself, sufficient to effect change in the overall attitudes, skills and knowledge of clinical staff about engaging carers. Significantly more focus on staff education, clinical discussions and supervision is needed to meet the MH carer partnership standards. What is known about the topic?Partnership with MH consumers and carers is an established key principle within national MH policies and accreditation standards. Family carers play an important role in supporting consumers’ recovery, yet many carers continue to report being excluded, particularly by in-patient clinical staff. What does this paper add?This is the first study to investigate the partnership standards in practice by comparing the perspectives of carers and in-patient MH clinical staff. What are the implications for practitioners?Improving partnership with carers of people with mental illness will require significant MH service leadership support shifts in current practice and culture. In addition, a more nuanced understanding of confidentiality is required to overcome the barriers to involving family carers more meaningfully in care.
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Park, Seon Mee, So Young Kim, Kyoung Eun Yeob, Dong Wook Shin, Joung-Ho Han, Jong Heon Park, and Jong Hyock Park. "Disparities in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Bile Duct Cancer in People with Disabilities: A National Cohort Study in South Korea." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 24 (December 10, 2022): 16625. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192416625.
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We aimed to evaluate the impacts of disability on the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of bile duct cancer (BDC) according to the severity and type of disability. Patients diagnosed with BDC were selected from an age- and sex-matched population (1:3 ratio) with or without disabilities from the National Disability Database, the Korean Central Cancer Registry, and the Korean National Health Insurance claims database. The cohort included 15,065 patients with BDC, with a significantly lower rate in those with severe disabilities than in people without or with mild disabilities (110.6 vs. 136.5 vs. 147.6 per 105 persons, respectively). People with severe disabilities were diagnosed with BDC at an earlier age but were less likely to undergo surgery (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 0.52, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.45–0.61) or chemotherapy (aOR = 0.76, 95% CI: 0.61–0.95) compared to those without disabilities. This trend was more evident in patients with mental disabilities. The overall and cancer-specific mortality rates were higher in patients (especially women) with disabilities than in those without. There needs systemic approach to ensure equal access to quality cancer care for people with disabilities.
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Raghavan, Raghu, and Fozia Waseem. "Services for young people with learning disabilities and mental health needs from South Asian communities." Advances in Mental Health and Learning Disabilities 1, no. 3 (September 2007): 27–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/17530180200700028.
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Lee, Dong-Hwa, So Young Kim, Jong Eun Park, Hyun Jeong Jeon, Jong-Hyock Park, and Ichiro Kawachi. "Nationwide trends in prevalence of underweight, overweight, and obesity among people with disabilities in South Korea from 2008 to 2017." International Journal of Obesity 46, no. 3 (December 3, 2021): 613–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41366-021-01030-x.
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Abstract Objectives This study investigated the 10-year trends of weight and prevalence of underweight, overweight and obesity according to disability grade and types compared with those without disabilities. Methods This serial cross-sectional analysis was conducted using national disability registration data with national general health checkup data from 2008 to 2017. Age-standardized prevalence of underweight and obesity were analyzed for each year, according to the presence, type, and severity of disabilities. Odds of underweight, overweight, obesity, and severe obesity were examined by multinomial logistic regression after adjusting for socio-demographic and clinical variables using data in 2017. Results Over 10 million subjects in each year were included in the analysis. In 2017, 14,246,785 people with age between 19 and 110 years were included and 53.1% was men. For 10 years, age-standardized prevalence of obesity and severe obesity showed significant increases regardless of sex and presence of disability. However, age-standardized underweight prevalence in people without disability tended to decrease whereas it was an increase in 2012 and the prevalence has remained steady since in people with disability. People with disabilities had higher odds of underweight compared to those without disability (OR 1.41, 95% CI 1.38–1.44 in male and OR 1.31, 95% CI 1.28–1.34 in female), especially in those with severe disabilities (OR 2.00, 95% CI 1.94–2.06 in male and OR 1.83, 95% CI 1.77–1.89 in female). Women with disabilities are more likely to be obese than those without disabilities regardless of disability severity (OR 1.40, 95% CI 1.38–1.41). Participants with mental disorder showed the highest prevalence of obesity, followed by epilepsy and developmental disability. Conclusions Having a disability was associated with higher odds/probability of both obesity and underweight. The intersection of female, severe disability, and mental/developmental disabilities was associated with probability of severe obesity. Simultaneous efforts are needed to develop health policy to reduce both the prevalence of obesity and underweight.
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Brooks, David, and N. Bouras. "Adolescents with a learning disability." Psychiatric Bulletin 18, no. 10 (October 1994): 606–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/pb.18.10.606.
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The adolescents (n=57, age 13–19 years) attending the special schools for moderate and severe learning disabilities in a South East London health district and their families were assessed. The mothers of adolescents with severe learning disabilities in the transitional stage to adult services and development reported greater behaviour problems in their offspring, greater stress, more negative psycho-social family effects and more negative attitudes. Implications of the results for interventions, needs assessment and future research in family and adolescent functioning and the origins of psychiatric morbidity in young people with learning disabilities were discussed.
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Ames, David. "Australia (Melbourne)." Psychiatric Bulletin 16, no. 9 (September 1992): 552–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/pb.16.9.552.
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Australia is a unique, geologically ancient island continent. Its flora and fauna are unlike those found anywhere else and the same may be said of its people, politics and health services. The population of 17.3 millions represents a multicultural mix, with an anglo-celtic core conflated by sustained post-war immigration from southern Europe, Turkey, southeast Asia and south America. One in five current Australians was born elsewhere, one in ten comes from a non-English speaking background, and a quarter of those born here have a parent who was born overseas. Aboriginals and Torres Strait Islanders form 1.4% of the total population. They have third world mortality figures but die of first world diseases, their life expectancy being 20 years less than that of other Australians. Two hundred and four years after what they see as the British invasion, their standard of living lags far behind all other socio-cultural groups in the country. Most members of the Aboriginal community do not live long enough to develop Alzheimer's disease, but it and other age-related diseases are emerging as the major determinants of health costs as Australia moves towards the 21st century.
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Edmiston, Natalie, Erin Passmore, David J. Smith, and Kathy Petoumenos. "Multimorbidity among people with HIV in regional New South Wales, Australia." Sexual Health 12, no. 5 (2015): 425. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sh14070.
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Background Multimorbidity is the co-occurrence of more than one chronic health condition in addition to HIV. Higher multimorbidity increases mortality, complexity of care and healthcare costs while decreasing quality of life. The prevalence of and factors associated with multimorbidity among HIV positive patients attending a regional sexual health service are described. Methods: A record review of all HIV positive patients attending the service between 1 July 2011 and 30 June 2012 was conducted. Two medical officers reviewed records for chronic health conditions and to rate multimorbidity using the Cumulative Illness Rating Scale (CIRS). Univariate and multivariate linear regression analyses were used to determine factors associated with a higher CIRS score. Results: One hundred and eighty-nine individuals were included in the study; the mean age was 51.8 years and 92.6% were men. One-quarter (25.4%) had ever been diagnosed with AIDS. Multimorbidity was extremely common, with 54.5% of individuals having two or more chronic health conditions in addition to HIV; the most common being a mental health diagnosis, followed by vascular disease. In multivariate analysis, older age, having ever been diagnosed with AIDS and being on an antiretroviral regimen other than two nucleosides and a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor or protease inhibitor were associated with a higher CIRS score. Conclusion: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study looking at associations with multimorbidity in the Australian setting. Care models for HIV positive patients should include assessing and managing multimorbidity, particularly in older people and those that have ever been diagnosed with AIDS.
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GETHING, LINDSAY. "Sources of Double Disadvantage for People with Disabilities Living in Remote and Rural Areas of New South Wales, Australia." Disability & Society 12, no. 4 (September 1997): 513–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09687599727100.
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Yi, Su Jeong, Yoo Mi Jeong, and Jae-Hyun Kim. "Relationship between Sleep Duration Trajectories and Self-Rated Depressive Symptoms in South Koreans with Physical Disabilities." Healthcare 9, no. 3 (March 23, 2021): 361. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare9030361.
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Physically disabled persons can have sleep problems, which affects their mental health more than those in non-disabled people. However, there are few studies on the relationship between sleep duration and mental health targeting physically disabled people in South Korea, and existing studies on the disabled have mostly used data collected from convenience rather than nationally representative samples, limiting the generalization of the results. This study used data from the second wave of the Panel Survey of Employment for the Disabled (PSED, 2016–2018, 1st–3rd year). Participants included 1851 physically disabled individuals. The Chi-square test and generalized estimating equation (GEE) were used and the Akaike information criterion (AIC) value and the AIC log Bayes factor approximation were used to select sleep trajectories. This is the first study to elucidate multiple sleep trajectories in physically disabled people in Korea, and the relationship between sleep duration trajectories and self-rated depressive symptoms. People with physical disabilities who sleep more than 9 h have the highest risk of depression and need more intensive management as a priority intervention.
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Apat, Daniel Kwai, and Wellington Digwa. "Mental health data: A case for the African communities in New South Wales." Australasian Review of African Studies 42, no. 1 (June 1, 2021): 64–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.22160/22035184/aras-2021-42-1/64-80.
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This paper examines mental health policies in relation to African communities residing in New South Wales, Australia and the attitudes of African communities toward mental disorders and mental health services. Current mental health policy frameworks have shown an inadequate inclusion of African communities. This may negatively affect the design of mental health interventions and how African communities engage with mental health services. The available mental health literature on African communities showed disjointed and uncoordinated data which focuses on specific community-groups within African communities. Insufficient mental health or suicide data, combined with African community members’ perception toward mental disorders and mental health services, makes it very difficult to progress engagement and interventions. There is a need for proper and sizable data on mental health related to people of African descent in NSW and Australia wide, if positive outcomes are to be realised.
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Henderson, Scott. "Focus on psychiatry in Australia." British Journal of Psychiatry 176, no. 1 (January 2000): 97–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.176.1.97.
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Humankind has been present on the Australian continent for at least 40 000, some say 60 000 years, remarkably adapted to the environment and having a cultural tradition appreciated by few Caucasians. White people have been here for only 200 years; and psychiatry for about half of that. We know nothing about the mental health of pre-contact indigenous peoples; but we now know a little about the ways in which mental disorders are explained and treated by traditional methods. In two centuries, the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islands communities, which are very diverse, have been steadily reduced to become only 1.5% of the population. From settlement in 1788 until the 1950s, most non-aboriginal Australians were of Anglo-Saxon or Celtic origin. Since the Second World War, the pattern of immigration has greatly enriched Australian life, first through large numbers of people from the Mediterranean littoral, Western Europe and the Balkans, and more recently from south-east Asia. Ethnic diversity is now evident in most peoples' daily lives – whom you see in the street, whom you work alongside, who your friends are, what you eat and who you have as patients. So the present Australian population of 18 million has undergone a marked change in demography and lifestyle within only two generations. Like the people, psychiatry is also changing rapidly. Where are the changes taking place? What is it like to be a psychiatrist here at present? Where has there been success and where has there been failure? Where is there lots of action?
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Garay, Jasper, Anna Williamson, Christian Young, Janice Nixon, Mandy Cutmore, Simone Sherriff, Natalie Smith, Kym Slater, and Michelle Dickson. "Aboriginal Young People’s Experiences of Accessibility in Mental Health Services in Two Regions of New South Wales, Australia." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 20, no. 3 (January 18, 2023): 1730. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20031730.
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This article assesses the accessibility of mainstream mental health services (MMHSs) in two regions of New South Wales (NSW), Australia, based on experiences and perspectives of Aboriginal young people aged 16–25. Semi-structured yarning interviews were conducted with thirteen Aboriginal young people in two regions of NSW. Thematic analysis was undertaken by all research team members to identify major themes from the data and conceptual connections between them. The identified themes from individual analysis and coding were triangulated during several analysis meetings to finalise the key themes and findings. Aboriginal young people had no experience of engaging with early-intervention MMHSs. MMHSs were identified as inaccessible, with most participants unaware that MMHSs existed in each region. Due to MMHSs being inaccessible, many Aboriginal young people presented to emergency departments (EDs) during a crisis. Aboriginal Community Controlled Health Services (ACCHSs) were identified as key providers of accessible, culturally meaningful, and effective social and emotional wellbeing (SEWB) service support for Aboriginal young people in NSW. If health and wellbeing outcomes are to improve for Aboriginal young people in NSW, MMHSs must increase accessibility for Aboriginal young people requiring SEWB support.
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Mason, Jonathan, Kate Crowson, Mary Katsikitis, and Michael Moodie. "Australia’s National Disability Insurance Scheme: a collaboration opportunity for academia and industry." Tizard Learning Disability Review 23, no. 3 (July 2, 2018): 139–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/tldr-04-2017-0021.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to summarise the initial experiences of Australia’s National Disability Insurance Scheme (NDIS). It highlights some of the main challenges being faced by participants, service providers and government, and demonstrates how research can contribute to the ongoing implementation and success of the scheme. Design/methodology/approach The historical basis for the need for a new approach to disability funding in Australia is explored. The opportunities that exist and the difficulties that are being encountered by those entering and working within the new scheme are discussed. Findings Several problems were identified including difficult transitions between existing support frameworks to new “NDIS plans”, and the risk of market failure. Both the problems and their solutions are discussed and it is hoped that collaboration between the Commonwealth Government, service users, their families, service providers and universities can lead to a number of lasting improvements. Practical implications The new funding framework provides exciting opportunities for increasing the funding of people with intellectual and physical disabilities in Australia. Developments in technology, service provision in rural and remote areas and the opportunity to meet aspirational life goals exist alongside a number of challenges, including the need to ensure that those with multiple and complex disabilities retain existing levels of support. Originality/value The implementation of the NDIS is still underway, and opportunities exist to implement changes to the scheme where required. Research findings have an important role to play in the national debate regarding how best to improve quality of life for people with a disability in Australia.
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Mee Kim, Kyung, Yu-Ri Shin, and Sekwang Hwang. "Psychosocial experiences of the ageing of middle-aged people with intellectual disabilities in South Korea." International Journal of Developmental Disabilities 66, no. 3 (December 25, 2018): 196–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/20473869.2018.1544969.
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Waghorn, Geoffrey, Eoin Killackey, Philleen Dickson, Liza Brock, and Catherine Skate. "Evidence-based supported employment for people with psychiatric disabilities in Australia: Progress in the past 15 years." Psychiatric Rehabilitation Journal 43, no. 1 (March 2020): 32–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/prj0000370.
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Chalamat, Maturot, Cathrine Mihalopoulos, Rob Carter, and Theo Vos. "Assessing Cost-Effectiveness in Mental Health: Vocational Rehabilitation for Schizophrenia and Related Conditions." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 39, no. 8 (August 2005): 693–700. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/j.1440-1614.2005.01653.x.
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Objective: Existing evidence suggests that vocational rehabilitation services, in particular individual placement and support (IPS), are effective in assisting people with schizophrenia and related conditions gain open employment. Despite this, such services are not available to all unemployed people with schizophrenia who wish to work. Existing evidence suggests that while IPS confers no clinical advantages over routine care, it does improve the proportion of people returning to employment. The objective of the current study is to investigate the net benefit of introducing IPS services into current mental health services in Australia. Method: The net benefit of IPS is assessed from a health sector perspective using cost–benefit analysis. A two-stage approach is taken to the assessment of benefit. The first stage involves a quantitative analysis of the net benefit, defined as the benefits of IPS (comprising transfer payments averted, income tax accrued and individual income earned) minus the costs. The second stage involves application of ‘second-filter’ criteria (including equity, strength of evidence, feasibility and acceptability to stakeholders) to results. The robustness of results is tested using the multivariate probabilistic sensitivity analysis. Results: The costs of IPS are $A10.3M (95% uncertainty interval $A7.4M–$A13.6M), the benefits are $A4.7M ($A3.1M–$A6.5M), resulting in a negative net benefit of $A5.6M ($A8.4M–$A3.4M). Conclusions: The current analysis suggests that IPS costs are greater than themonetary benefits. However, the evidence-base of the current analysis is weak. Structural conditions surrounding welfare payments in Australia create disincentives to full-time employment for people with disabilities.
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Bayley, Amanda, Annika Amoako, and Mohamed Omer El-Tahir. "Service evaluation of a Specialist Memory Clinic for adults with ID in South Wales." Advances in Mental Health and Intellectual Disabilities 11, no. 4 (July 3, 2017): 145–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/amhid-12-2016-0045.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to discuss the findings of a service evaluation project of the Specialist Memory Clinic for people with intellectual disabilities in South Wales using the Dementia guidelines published by the British Psychological Society and the Royal College of Psychiatrists (BPS/RCPsych, 2015). Design/methodology/approach Clinical audit using case notes of patients attending Memory Clinics during 2011 and 2015 benchmarked against best practice guidelines; carers feedback from Memory Clinic attendance; and evaluation of the training sessions to carers. Findings Audit findings show full compliance with standards (100 per cent) except for the baseline assessment for people with Down syndrome. Carer’s evaluation and feedback was positive and constructive. Training evaluation indicates improvement in knowledge and positively received sessions. Research limitations/implications The small number of people included and possibility of high motivated team may affect the service evaluation result. Practical implications It is possible for the Community Learning Disability team to meet the standards published (BPS/RCPsych, 2015) through multidisciplinary working. Originality/value Initial service evaluation completed after published guidelines for Dementia care by the BPS/RCPsych (2015).
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Johnson, Hilary, Barbara Solarsh, Karen Bloomberg, and Denise West. "Supporting people with complex communication needs through community capacity building: the Communication Access Network." Tizard Learning Disability Review 21, no. 3 (July 4, 2016): 130–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/tldr-10-2015-0044.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to describe specific features of a Victorian (Australia) state-wide hub and spoke model of speech pathology provision established for adults with complex communication needs (CCN). Two case studies highlighting successful examples of services developed to enhance community inclusion will be described and the challenges discussed. Design/methodology/approach – The route to community inclusion is described through a case study illustration of one communication accessible community site and one disability service study. The disability service research involved focus groups, survey and interview data and demonstrated the efficacy and sustainability of a support worker training model. Findings – Sustainable change in the community and in disability services can occur through partnerships, training, and long-term commitment. Support workers who can facilitate interactions for people who have cognitive and communicative disabilities are an essential component of building the capacity of communities to include people with CCN. Collaboration between community members, specialised supports and people with disabilities enhances active community participation. Originality/value – This innovative, state-wide model has the capacity to be replicated elsewhere. On-going speech pathology services are integral to support adults with CCN providing both short-term individualised services, sustainable staff training and community engagement.
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Cullen, Patricia, Robert Neil Leong, Bette Liu, Natasha Walker, Katharine Steinbeck, Rebecca Ivers, and Michael Dinh. "Returning to the emergency department: a retrospective analysis of mental health re-presentations among young people in New South Wales, Australia." BMJ Open 12, no. 6 (May 31, 2022): e057388. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2021-057388.
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ObjectivesThis study aimed to describe mental health emergency department (ED) presentations among young people aged 8–26 years in New South Wales, Australia, and to identify key characteristics associated with higher risk of ED mental health re-presentation.Design, setting and participantsRetrospective analysis of linked ED data records for mental health presentations between 1 January 2015 and 30 June 2018.Main outcome measuresThe main outcome was the total number of mental health ED re-presentations within 1 year, following initial presentation. Count regression models were fitted to estimate factors associated with higher likelihood of re-presentations.ResultsForty thousand two hundred and ninety patients were included in the analyses, and 9713 (~25%) re-presented during the following year; 1831 (20%) presented at least three times. On average, patients re-presented 0.61 times per 365 person-days, with average time until first re-presentation of ~92 days but greatest risk of re-presentation within first 30–60 days. Young people with self-harm or suicidal diagnoses at initial presentation were more likely to re-present. Re-presentations were highest among young people <15 years (IRR 1.18 vs ≥20 years old), female (IRR=1.13 vs male), young people residing outside of major cities (IRR 1.08 vs major cities) and Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander young people (IRR 1.27 vs non-Indigenous).ConclusionsED mental health re-presentation is high among young people. We demonstrate factors associated with re-presentation that EDs could target for timely, high-quality care that is youth friendly and culturally safe, with appropriate referral pathways into community-based primary and mental healthcare services.
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Draper, Brian, Tanya Jochelson, David Kitching, John Snowdon, Henry Brodaty, and Bob Russell. "Mental Health Service Delivery to Older People in New South Wales: Perceptions of Aged Care, Adult Mental Health and Mental Health Services for Older People." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 37, no. 6 (December 2003): 735–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/j.1440-1614.2003.01259.x.
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Objective: To compare the perceptions of aged care services, adult mental health services and mental health services for older people regarding aspects of mental health service delivery for older people in New South Wales, Australia. Method: The NSW Branch of the Faculty of Psychiatry of Old Age in association with the NSW Centre for Mental Health, sent a postal survey to all aged care services, adult mental health services and mental health services for older people in NSW. The survey canvassed issues ranging across service profiles, regional variations, availability of resources, processes of care, views on working relationships between services, difficulties and gaps experienced, and ways to improve co-ordination and service delivery. Clinical issues such as the management and practice of psychiatric disorders of old age, educational/training requirements and skill and experience in working with older people were explored. Results: An overall response rate of 86% was achieved, including 95% from aged care services (n = 58), 74% from adult mental health services (n = 62) and 90% from mental health services for older people (n = 20). Only 59% of aged care services and adult mental health services considered that their local mental health services for older people provided an adequate service; resource and budget limitations were portrayed as the main constraint. Mental health services for older people varied widely in structure, settings and activities undertaken. Access to mental health beds for older people was also variable, and alongside staffing levels was considered problematic. Lack of staff training and/or inexperience in psychogeriatrics posed a challenge for aged care services and adult mental health services. Conclusion: Relationships between aged care services, adult mental health services and mental health services for older people are affected by lack of access to psychogeriatric staff, resource limitations of mental health services for older people, and inadequate liaison and support between the service types. Joint case conferences, education, increased funding of mental health services for older people, and cross referrals were considered ways to address these issues.
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Reppermund, Simone, Theresa Heintze, Preeyaporn Srasuebkul, Rebecca Reeve, Kimberlie Dean, Melinda Smith, Eric Emerson, et al. "Health and wellbeing of people with intellectual disability in New South Wales, Australia: a data linkage cohort." BMJ Open 9, no. 9 (September 2019): e031624. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2019-031624.
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PurposePeople with intellectual disability (ID) experience high rates of physical and mental health problems, while access to appropriate healthcare is often poor. This cohort was established to develop an epidemiological profile related to the health, health service use, disability services, mortality and corrective services records of people with ID.ParticipantsThe cohort contains 92 542 people with ID (40% females) with a median age of 23 years (IQR: 12–43 years) and 2 004 475 people with a neuropsychiatric or developmental disorder diagnosis (50% females) with a median age of 51 years (IQR: 29–73 years) from New South Wales, Australia. The whole sample contains records for 2 097 017 individuals with most data sets spanning financial years 1 July 2001 to 30 June 2016. A wide range of data from linked population data sets are included in the areas of disability, health, corrective services and targeted specialist support services in public schools, Public Guardian and Ombudsman services.Findings to dateThis study includes one of the largest cohorts of people with ID internationally. Our data have shown that the presence of ID is significantly associated with emergency department presentations and psychiatric readmissions after the first psychiatric admission based on a subcohort of people with a psychiatric admission. Adults with ID experience premature mortality and over-representation of potentially avoidable deaths compared with the general population.Future plansWithin the health service system, we will examine different components, that is, inpatient, emergency adult services, children and younger people services and costs associated with healthcare as well as mortality, cause and predictors of death. The neuropsychiatric and developmental disorders comparison cohort allows comparisons of the physical health, mental health and service use profiles of people with ID and those with other neuropsychiatric disorders.
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Jackson, Fay, and Tim Fong. "Why not a peer worker?" Mental Health and Social Inclusion 21, no. 3 (June 12, 2017): 176–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/mhsi-03-2017-0018.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to provide a perspective on peer work and insights from Flourish Australia’s journey in growing a thriving peer workforce. Flourish Australia is a large not-for-profit organisation that has been supporting people with their recovery journeys for over 60 years. The organisation provides, predominantly, non-clinical community-based support to enable people who live with a mental health issue and/or psychosocial disabilities to lead contributing lives in their community. Design/methodology/approach Flourish Australia developed and implemented a number of strategic directives in order to support the growth of a peer workforce. Central to these directives were policy positions that encouraged a shared understanding of the value and contribution that people with a lived experience of a mental health issue add to an organisation. From this policy foundation, the Why Not a Peer Worker? strategy and Transformation Peer Worker strategy were implemented and embraced by hiring managers across the organisation. Findings The “Why Not a Peer Worker?” campaign, coupled with the Transformation Peer Worker strategy, resulted in an increase in Flourish Australia’s peer workforce of almost 600 per cent over an 18-month period to now number 145 positions. Research limitations/implications This paper provides organisations who are seeking to develop or grow their peer workforce with practical ideas that have been successfully implemented by Flourish Australia that can be discussed and debated when developing a peer workforce. Originality/value This paper provides unique insights into Flourish Australia’s peer workforce journey.
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Marshall-Tate, Karina. "Enhancing clinical practice: reducing health inequalities – reflections on a clinical education and training partnership." Advances in Mental Health and Intellectual Disabilities 10, no. 6 (November 7, 2016): 342–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/amhid-10-2016-0029.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to outline a two-year project designed to reduce health inequalities and improve health outcomes of people with intellectual disabilities using health services in South London by raising awareness and increasing health staff confidence and capability. Design/methodology/approach The project was conducted in two stages. In stage 1, a mapping exercise was undertaken to establish existing intellectual disabilities education and training availability. In stage 2, a network of stakeholders was formed and education and training materials were developed and delivered. Findings A formal evaluation of the project is underway and this paper seeks to share information about the project. That said prima facie data appear to indicate that health staff who attended education and training events learned new knowledge and skills that they could implement in their practice, increasing confidence and capability. Research limitations/implications Health staff who attended the events appeared to have an interest in intellectual disabilities and wanted to increase their knowledge and skills base. This means that there is a significant group of health staff that the project was unable to reach or who may not know that they need to know about intellectual disabilities. The results of the project have not yet been formally analysed. Practical implications Work-based education and training events can have a positive impact on health staff capability and confidence, however, it would appear that only those who already have an interest in the field or recognise its value to their own practice attend such events. To truly capture all health staff intellectual disabilities needs to be visibly included in all health curricula. Originality/value This project has not focussed on one profession or one aspect of healthcare and has embraced the values of inter professional and inter agency learning; this has enabled health staff to learn from each other and think in a “joined up” way replicating the realities of providing healthcare to people with intellectual disabilities.
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Graham, Lauren. "Differences in employment and income poverty between people with and without disabilities in South Africa." Alter 14, no. 4 (November 2020): 299–317. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.alter.2020.06.011.
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Riggs, Damien, and Ryan Ogilvy. "Professional Carer Experiences of Working with Young People in Specialist Care Placements in South Australia." Children Australia 40, no. 4 (January 29, 2015): 361–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cha.2014.50.
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Despite the emphasis within Australian child protection upon family-based care as the preferred placement option, it has been increasingly recognised that some young people may be best served in specialist care placements, such as residential or therapeutic care. This paper presents a thematic analysis of 20 interviews undertaken with professional carers who, at the time, were working in a specialist care programme in South Australia known as Individual Packages of Care. The analysis suggests that three key issues were at stake for participants: (1) the impact of role conflict between engaging in caring relationships with young people and maintaining professional boundaries; (2) the impact of additional stakeholders (such as mental health professionals) upon the stability of the placement; and (3) the use of restraint as a form of behaviour management. The paper concludes by discussing the interesting relationship identified in the data between caring relationships and the use of restraint, and makes recommendations from the data for issues requiring further consideration with regard to specialist care placements.
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Lloyd, Chris, and Pam Samra. "Healthy Lifestyles: A Community Programme for Chronically Mentally Ill People." British Journal of Occupational Therapy 59, no. 1 (January 1996): 27–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030802269605900110.
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This article outlines a Healthy Lifestyles Programme (HLP) for chronically mentally ill people in the South Coast Regional Health Authority in Australia, in the area of integrated mental health services. This programme has provided practical community-based experiences for chronically mentally ill people, focusing on functional deficits in daily living skills. Major reforms in service delivery in mental health have resulted in a move to community-based care. The 1994 Queensland Mental Health Plan set out specific objectives and strategies for the implementation of mental health service reform. One of the immediate priorities for Queensland is the establishing of mainstream integrated services to promote continuity of care across service components. The HLP reflects this priority in providing a community-based service in an integrated mental health setting, using the principles of community-based integration, family support, collaboration, rehabilitation and case management, as outlined in the community care model.
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Byrne, Louise, Michael Wilson, Karena J. Burke, Cadeyrn J. Gaskin, and Brenda Happell. "Mental health service delivery: a profile of mental health non-government organisations in south-east Queensland, Australia." Australian Health Review 38, no. 2 (2014): 202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah13208.
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Objective Non-government organisations make a substantial contribution to the provision of mental health services; despite this, there has been little research and evaluation targeted at understanding the role played by these services within the community mental health sector. The aim of the present study was to examine the depth and breadth of services offered by these organisations in south-east Queensland, Australia, across five key aspects of reach and delivery. Methods Representatives from 52 purposively targeted non-government organisations providing mental health services to individuals with significant mental health challenges were interviewed regarding their approach to mental health service provision. Results The findings indicated a diverse pattern of service frameworks across the sector. The results also suggested a positive approach to the inclusion of consumer participation within the organisations, with most services reporting, at the very least, some form of consumer advocacy within their processes and as part of their services. Conclusions This paper offers an important first look at the nature of non-government service provision within the mental health sector and highlights the importance of these organisations within the community sector. What is known about the topic? Non-government organisations make a substantial contribution to the multisectorial provision of services to mental health consumers in community settings. Non-government organisations in Australia are well established, with 79.9% of them being in operation for over 10 years. There is an increasing expectation that consumers influence the development, delivery and evaluation of mental health services, especially in the community sector. What does this paper add? This paper provides a profile of non-government organisations in one state in Australia with respect to the services they provide, the consumers they target, the practice frameworks they use, the use of peer workers and consumer participation, the success they have had with obtaining funding and the extent to which they collaborate with other services. What are the implications for practitioners? This paper provides readers with an understanding of the non-government organisations and the services they provide to people with mental health conditions. In addition, the findings provide an opportunity to learn from the experience of non-government organisations in implementing consumer participation initiatives.
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D'Onise, Katina, Sonali Meena, Kamalesh Venugopal, Marc Currie, Emily Kirkpatrick, Jenny Hurley, Rebecca Nolan, John Brayley, Bryan Atherton, and Nicola Spurrier. "Holistic approach supporting mental wellbeing of people in enforced quarantine in South Australia during the COVID‐19 pandemic." Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health 45, no. 4 (June 7, 2021): 325–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1753-6405.13106.
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Luke, Joanne N., Ian P. Anderson, Graham J. Gee, Reg Thorpe, Kevin G. Rowley, Rachel E. Reilly, Alister Thorpe, and Paul J. Stewart. "Suicide Ideation and Attempt in a Community Cohort of Urban Aboriginal Youth: A Cross-Sectional Study." Crisis 34, no. 4 (July 1, 2013): 251–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/0227-5910/a000187.
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Background: There has been increasing attention over the last decade on the issue of indigenous youth suicide. A number of studies have documented the high prevalence of suicide behavior and mortality in Australia and internationally. However, no studies have focused on documenting the correlates of suicide behavior for indigenous youth in Australia. Aims: To examine the prevalence of suicide ideation and attempt and the associated factors for a community 1 The term ”community” refers specifically to Koori people affiliated with the Victorian Aboriginal Health Service. cohort of Koori 2 The term ”Koori” refers to indigenous people from the south-eastern region of Australia, including Melbourne. The term ”Aboriginal” has been used when referring to indigenous people from Australia. The term ”indigenous” has been used throughout this article when referring to the first people of a nation within an international context. (Aboriginal) youth. Method: Data were obtained from the Victorian Aboriginal Health Service (VAHS) Young People’s Project (YPP), a community initiated cross-sectional data set. In 1997/1998, self-reported data were collected for 172 Koori youth aged 12–26 years living in Melbourne, Australia. The data were analyzed to assess the prevalence of current suicide ideation and lifetime suicide attempt. Principal components analysis (PCA) was used to identify closely associated social, emotional, behavioral, and cultural variables at baseline and Cox regression modeling was then used to identify associations between PCA components and suicide ideation and attempt. Results: Ideation and attempt were reported at 23.3% and 24.4%, respectively. PCA yielded five components: (1) emotional distress, (2) social distress A, (3) social distress B, (4) cultural connection, (5) behavioral. All were positively and independently associated with suicide ideation and attempt, while cultural connection showed a negative association. Conclusions: Suicide ideation and attempt were common in this cross-section of indigenous youth with an unfavorable profile for the emotional, social, cultural, and behavioral factors.
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Mukwevho, M. H., and A. Gadisi. "Perceptions of Students with Disabilities on Reasonable Accommodation at a Tertiary Education: A Case of a Rural University in Limpopo Province, South Africa." Journal of Intellectual Disability - Diagnosis and Treatment 9, no. 6 (December 8, 2021): 592–600. http://dx.doi.org/10.6000/2292-2598.2021.09.06.3.
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The advent of democracy in South Africa has put initiatives to redress social injustice suffered by women and people with disabilities. Enrollment of students with disabilities at universities increases yearly, influencing an increase in buying of assistive technologies to enable a teaching and learning environment.
This paper explores the perceptions of students with disabilities on the role of reasonable accommodation in terms of accessibility and facilitation of teaching and learning at the university based on the human rights approach. A pre-corvid 19 pandemic survey used a convergent parallel mixed-method design to evaluate perceptions of reasonable accommodation on the campus. Both quantitative and qualitative data were collected roughly simultaneously and integrated into the interpretation of the overall results. A focus group comprised of the representatives of students with disabilities was interviewed. The surveyed population comprised all students with disabilities between the ages of 18 to 25 registered with the Disability Support Unit (DSU) of the University of Venda. The questionnaires collected reasonable accommodation perceptions and satisfaction rates from students about organizational support and training. The distributed questionnaires produced a 90% response rate. The findings highlighted that students with disabilities encountered barriers of inaccessibility to classrooms and residents. Adequate learning material is a barrier for students with visual disabilities. Institutional budget and item costs render buying assistive technologies and building new infrastructures for students with disabilities a constraint. Policy and practice in the institution remain a limitation to interfacing education and disability smoothly.
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Lewer, Dan, Nicola R. Jones, Matthew Hickman, Suzanne Nielsen, and Louisa Degenhardt. "Life expectancy of people who are dependent on opioids: A cohort study in New South Wales, Australia." Journal of Psychiatric Research 130 (November 2020): 435–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2020.08.013.
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Haysom, L., D. Indig, E. Moore, and C. Gaskin. "Intellectual disability in young people in custody in New South Wales, Australia - prevalence and markers." Journal of Intellectual Disability Research 58, no. 11 (January 14, 2014): 1004–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jir.12109.
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Stevens, Christine A. "The Illusion of Social Inclusion: Cambodian Youth in South Australia." Diaspora: A Journal of Transnational Studies 4, no. 1 (March 1995): 59–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/diaspora.4.1.59.
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As a result of the turmoil in Cambodia during the 1970s, traditional Cambodian society was fundamentally altered: Cambodians were uprooted, and after the Vietnamese invasion in 1978, thousands fled to camps on the Thai-Cambodian border, where many sought and were selected for resettlement in other countries. Approximately 12,000 Cambodians were accepted for resettlement in Australia as refugees in the period 1975-85, with approximately 2,500 settling in South Australia. The emigrants to South Australia were youthful, with 51% of all arrivals in the period 1979-85 aged 19 years or less (Stevens). Since this period when refugees first arrived in Australia from Cambodia, Laos, and Vietnam, the social adaptation of refugee youth has been little researched. Generally, young people have been but one of the age groups included in large-scale surveys or in-depth studies, such as those by Wendy Poussard, Nancy Viviani, and others, that focused on the early stages of resettlement. The research that has focused on refugee youth has concentrated on educational achievement (Spearritt and Colman; Kelly and Bennoun; Chan; Mundy) or mental health status and adjustment (Krupinski and Burrows). At a time of ongoing debate about the size and nature of the immigrant intake, and concern that the resulting cultural diversity may foster ethnic conflicts and endanger social cohesion, this lack of research on the social aspects of the settlement process young refugees from Southeast Asia undertake is a significant omission.
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Nowak, Stefan. "South Australia's Older Persons Mental Health Services’ Model of Service: a country perspective." International Psychogeriatrics 24, no. 5 (January 4, 2012): 848–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1041610211002572.
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South Australia has a small population of older people compared to its geographic size. A Model of Service was developed to guide service delivery, with an Older Persons Mental Health Services project team appointed to guide the service. Their brief was to: develop and implement a Model of Service; develop and impart education on topics relating to mental health in late life to the clinicians, mental health teams, and aged care networks; coordinate the education sessions; develop a referral pathways document; develop an orientation package and orientation for clinicians; communicate with mental health teams and the aged care networks on the progress of the project; coordinate recruitment of clinicians; oversee data on the number of assessments undertaken; ensure that the key performance indicators were being met; and order resources for the clinicians (Nicholson and Nowak, 2010).
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Abur, William, and Charles Mphande. "Mental Health and Wellbeing of South Sudanese-Australians." Journal of Asian and African Studies 55, no. 3 (October 16, 2019): 412–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021909619880294.
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The majority of South Sudanese-Australians arrived in Australia, and other host countries outside Africa, after spending a greater part of their lives in refugee camps or conflict-affected areas. In addition, refugees are often not able to return to their home countries because the causes of their departure (wars, insecurity, hunger) continue to apply in their country of origin. The purpose of this paper is to examine some of the mental health and wellbeing issues some South Sudanese-Australians experience as a result of settlement difficulties and their earlier experience of conflict. The study looks at experiences of resettlement and settlement difficulties, and, more importantly, mental health and wellbeing issues in the wake of the aforesaid challenges. The data was collected from a qualitative method which comprised a series of semi-structured, one-on-one interviews with a total of 20 South Sudanese-Australians living in Melbourne. There were 11 males and nine females, with ages ranging from 18 to 64 years, who volunteered to participate in this study. Findings indicated that, as with many other people from refugee backgrounds, South Sudanese-Australians face a range of settlement-related challenges, and a host of post-resettlement adaptation experiences such as limited change of gender roles, language proficiency, unemployment, host society unacceptance or intolerance, constrained recreational opportunities, lack of community connectedness and overall mental health and general wellbeing issues. Experiencing conflict can be traumatic and refuge in neighbouring countries that are socio-culturally different can be challenging. In conclusion, these issues can not only be troublesome on a day-to-day basis, but also adversely affect the long-term mental health and wellbeing of refugees.
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Heer, Kuljit, Michael Larkin, and John Rose. "The experiences of British South Asian carers caring for a child with developmental disabilities in the UK." Tizard Learning Disability Review 20, no. 4 (October 5, 2015): 228–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/tldr-12-2014-0044.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore the role of culture in shaping the caregiving experiences of British South Asian families caring for a child with developmental disabilities in the UK. In particular it explores how the coexistence of two distinct cultures (British/South Asian) impacts upon these caregiving experiences. Design/methodology/approach – A qualitative design using in-depth interviews and interpretative phenomenological analysis was used with seven parents identifying as British South Asian who had been born in the UK or had moved to the UK as young people. Findings – Three master themes emerged: living with loss, uncertainty and overwhelming responsibility; learning about disability and facing stigma; and having to cope. Research limitations/implications – Using a relatively homogeneous sample of carers this study provides an insight into how exposure to two different cultures shapes the understanding and adaptations of British South Asian carers in the UK. Social implications – Issues in the acculturation of these parents emerge which demonstrate the tensions they face in relating to both South Asian and Western cultural influences. The study makes recommendations for how services can work with such families in order to help them make sense of their children’s disability, access culturally appropriate support and cope with the numerous demands of being a caregiver. Originality/value – This paper contributes to a growing literature on the experience of South Asian parents who care for children with intellectual disabilities. It has important messages for workers about how to support these individuals most effectively.
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Reindl, Marie-Sol, Mitzi Waltz, and Alice Schippers. "Personalization, self-advocacy and inclusion." Journal of Intellectual Disabilities 20, no. 2 (February 10, 2016): 121–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1744629516631449.
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This study focused on parent-initiated supported living schemes in the South of the Netherlands and the ability of these living schemes to enhance participation, choice, autonomy and self-advocacy for people with intellectual or developmental disabilities through personalized planning, support and care. Based on in-depth interviews with tenants, parents and caregivers, findings included that parent-initiated supported housing schemes made steps towards stimulating self-advocacy and autonomy for tenants. However, overprotective and paternalistic attitudes expressed by a significant number of parents, as well as structural constraints affecting the living schemes, created obstacles to tenants’ personal development. The study calls for consideration of interdependence as a model for the relationship of parents and adult offspring with disabilities. The benefits and tensions inherent within this relationship must be taken into consideration during inclusive community building.
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Hazell, Philip, Titia Sprague, and Joanne Sharpe. "Psychiatric hospital treatment of children and adolescents in New South Wales, Australia: 12-year trends." BJPsych Open 2, no. 1 (January 2016): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjpo.bp.115.000794.
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BackgroundIt is preferable that children and adolescents requiring in-patient care for mental health problems are managed in age-appropriate facilities. To achieve this, nine specialist Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services (CAMHS) in-patient units have been commissioned in New South Wales (NSW) since 2002.AimsTo examine trends in child and adolescent in-patient admissions since the opening of these CAMHS units.MethodAnalysis of separation data for under 18-year-olds to CAMHS, adult mental health and paediatric units for the period 2002 to 2013 in NSW, comparing districts with and without specialist CAMHS units.ResultsSeparations from CAMHS, adult and paediatric units rose with time, but there was no interaction between time and health district type (with/without CAMHS unit). Five of eight health districts experienced increased separations of under 18-year-olds from adult units in the year of opening a CAMHS unit. Separations from related paediatric units increased in three of seven health districts.ConclusionsOpening CAMHS units may be followed by a temporary increase in separations of young people from adult units, but it does not influence the flow of patients to non-CAMHS facilities in the longer term.
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Mwanri, Lillian, Nelsensius Klau Fauk, Anna Ziersch, Hailay Abrha Gesesew, Gregorius Abanit Asa, and Paul Russell Ward. "Post-Migration Stressors and Mental Health for African Migrants in South Australia: A Qualitative Study." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 13 (June 28, 2022): 7914. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19137914.
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We conducted a qualitative study involving African migrants (n = 20) and service providers (n = 10) in South Australia to explore mental health stressors, access to mental health services and how to improve mental health services for African migrant populations. This paper presents the views and experiences of African migrants about the post-migration stressors they faced in resettlement that pose mental health challenges. The participants were recruited using the snowball sampling technique. To align with the COVID-19 pandemic protocol, the data collection was conducted using one-on-one online interviews through Zoom or WhatsApp video calls. Data analysis was guided by the framework analysis. The post-migration stressors, including separation from family members and significant others, especially spouses, imposed significant difficulties on care provision and in managing children’s attitudes and behavior-related troubles at school. African cultural practices involving the community, especially elders in care provision and disciplining children, were not consistent with Australian norms, compounding the mental health stressors for all involved. The African cultural norms, that do not allow young unmarried people to live together, also contributed to child–parent conflicts, enhancing parental mental stressors. Additionally, poor economic conditions and employment-related difficulties were post-migration stressors that the participants faced. The findings indicate the need for policy and intervention programs that address the above challenges. The provision of interventions, including social support such as subsidized or free childcare services, could help leverage their time and scheduled paid employment, creating time for effective parenting and improving their mental health and wellbeing. Future studies exploring what needs to be achieved by government and non-governmental institutions to support enhanced access to social and employment opportunities for the African migrant population are also recommended.
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Sara, Grant, Myu Arumuganathan, Wendy Chen, Fred Wu, David Currow, Matthew Large, Cornelis Mulder, Parashar Pravin Ramanuj, and Philip M. Burgess. "Cohort profile: Mental Health Living Longer: a population-wide data linkage to understand and reduce premature mortality in mental health service users in New South Wales, Australia." BMJ Open 9, no. 11 (November 2019): e033588. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2019-033588.
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PurposeHealth systems must move from recognition to action if we are to address premature mortality in people with mental illness. Population data registers are an essential tool for planning and monitoring improvement efforts. The Mental Health Living Longer (MHLL) programme establishes a population-wide data linkage to support research translation and service reform in New South Wales (NSW), Australia.ParticipantsA total of 8.6 million people who have had contact with NSW public and private health services between July 2001 and June 2018 are currently included in the study. Data include more than 120 million linked records from NSW data collections covering public and private hospital care, emergency departments, ambulance, community mental health services, cancer notifications and care, and death registrations. Linkage is occurring with population-wide breast and cervical cancer screening programmes. Data will be updated 6 monthly.Findings to dateThe cohort includes 970 145 people who have received mental healthcare: 79% have received community mental healthcare, 35% a general hospital admission with a primary mental health diagnosis and 25% have received specialist mental health inpatient care. The most frequent pattern of care is receipt of community mental healthcare only (50%). The median age of the mental health cohort is 34 years, and three-quarters are younger than 53 years. Eleven per cent of the mental health cohort had died during the observation period. Their median age at death was 69 years, which was younger than the median age at death for people accessing other health services.Future plansThe MHLL programme will examine (i) all-cause mortality, (ii) suicide, (iii) cancer mortality and (iv) medical mortality. Within each theme, the programme will quantify the problem in mental health service users compared with the NSW population, describe the people most affected, describe the care received, identify predictors of premature mortality, and identify variation and opportunities for change.
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Balogh, Robert, Helen Leonard, Jenny Bourke, Kate Brameld, Jenny Downs, Michele Hansen, Emma Glasson, et al. "Data Linkage: Canadian and Australian Perspectives on a Valuable Methodology for Intellectual and Developmental Disability Research." Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities 57, no. 5 (October 1, 2019): 439–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1352/1934-9556-57.5.439.
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Abstract Data linkage holds great promise for generating new information about people with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) as a population, yet few centers have developed the infrastructure to utilize this methodology. Two examples, from Canada and Australia, describe their efforts in building data linkage capabilities, and how linked databases can be used to identify persons with IDD and used for population-based research. The value of data linkage is illustrated through new estimates of prevalence of IDD; health service utilization patterns; associations with sociodemographic characteristics, and with physical and mental health conditions (e.g., chronic diseases, injury, fertility, and depression); and findings on equity in medical treatments. Examples are provided of findings used for governmental policy and program planning.
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Deveau, Roy, Peter McGill, and Jo Poynter. "Characteristics of the most expensive residential placements for adults with learning disabilities in South East England: a follow-up survey." Tizard Learning Disability Review 20, no. 2 (April 7, 2015): 97–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/tldr-01-2015-0003.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate the characteristics of the highest cost residential placements provided for adults with learning disabilities in the South East of England, comparing findings with a previous survey. Design/methodology/approach – Lead commissioners for NHS and Local Authority teams in the South-East of England were asked to provide information on the five highest cost placements that they currently commissioned. Findings – The average placement cost was £200,000 per annum with a range from £81,000 to £430,000 per annum. Individual characteristics of people placed were broadly similar to those identified in previous studies. Originality/value – Significant resources are used to support relatively few individuals. These individuals’ needs and characteristics suggest areas for research and practice development.
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Phillipson, Lyn, Sandra C. Jones, and Elizabeth Wiese. "Effective Communication Only Part of the Strategy Needed to Promote Help-Seeking of Young People with Mental Health Problems." Social Marketing Quarterly 15, no. 2 (May 22, 2009): 50–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15245000902878860.
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Formative research was undertaken in the Illawarra region of New South Wales (south of Sydney, Australia) to identify local communication strategies to influence the help-seeking behavior of young people in relation to a new youth-focused general practice (or physician) led mental health service. Research with the target market (12–25years) revealed the need for a local campaign to address the stigma associated with the use of mental health services and the need to emphasize the central role of the general practitioner or physician to the service. The results also indicated that any overarching campaign should be complemented by segment-specific strategies which tailor not only communication variables and channels to reach different market segments, but also consider varying aspects of the product or service to reach a broad cross-section of the target group.