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Weng, Suzie S., and Shinwoo Choi. "Asian Americans’ Ethnic Identity Exploration and the Role of Ethnic Community in a Southern City in the United States." Societies 11, no. 3 (September 7, 2021): 109. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/soc11030109.
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This qualitative study explores Asian Americans’ ethnic identity concerning their process of exploring their own identity belonging and the impact of an ethnic community in a southern city in the United States. The South has mainly consisted of European Americans and African Americans. However, it has diversified to include an increasing number of Latinx and Asian Americans over the last several decades. Yet, the growing Asian American community remains disparate in its ethnic identity and nationality. Therefore, this study uses the phenomenological method to provide a more in-depth understanding of ethnic identity in an Asian American community within a southern region of the United States. Themes emerging from interviews included the need to bridge two worlds, the desire to be part of a community, and the existence of a two-layer community involving both ethnic and racial identity. This study contributes to a greater understanding of Asian Americans’ experiences in and adaptation to the Southern region within the United States. Implications for practice are provided for social workers when working alongside Asian American clients.
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Bacchus, Nazreen S. "Belonging and boundaries in Little Guyana: Conflict, culture, and identity in Richmond Hill, New York." Ethnicities 20, no. 5 (October 4, 2019): 896–914. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1468796819878885.
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Research on the assimilation of contemporary second-generation Americans has shown that ethnic enclaves are saturated with several cultural, religious, and transnational amenities that facilitate the process of immigrant integration in the United States. Missing from this research is a discussion of how middle-class, second-generation Americans use urban enclaves as a means of remaining attached to their ethnic identities. One such group with members who has achieved middle-class status and remained culturally attached to their enclave is Indo-Guyanese Americans of Indian Caribbean descent. This ethnographic study examines the ways in which second-generation Indo-Guyanese Americans use familial, cultural, and religious interactions in Little Guyana to create a sense of belonging and community. As the descendants of re-migrants, their multiethnic identities are complicating their assimilation in American society. Their experiences with racialization and social exclusion from white, South Asian American, and non-co-ethnic circles have pushed them toward developing their multiethnic identity. I use the term ethnic restoration to discuss how second-generation Indo-Guyanese Americans are using transnational ethnic consumption, religious institutions, and co-ethnic interactions to validate their ethnic identities and resist racialization. Their engagement in ethno-religious institutions in Richmond Hill is central to this analysis, as they embrace their Indian Caribbean identities more intensely after experiencing racialization. The findings of this research point to the need to understand why middle-class second-generation Americans are ethnically attached to urban enclaves.
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Sharma, Neha, Deepika Shaligram, and Grace H. Yoon. "Engaging South Asian youth and families: A clinical review." International Journal of Social Psychiatry 66, no. 6 (May 25, 2020): 584–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0020764020922881.
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Objective: South Asians (SAs), a rapidly growing minority group in the United States are underrepresented in mental health research. They represent a unique sub-group of Asian immigrants in that their journey to the United States in the last 50 years was driven by the pursuit of academic and career opportunities. Our goal is to provide a topical overview of factors contributing to the mental health challenges of South Asian American (SAA) youth and to describe culturally sensitive approaches that would provide effective treatment for SAA youth and their families. Methods: We conducted a review of published literature in PubMed and PsycInfo search engines using the key words South Asian immigrants, South Asian Americans, psychological, psychiatric, mental health treatment, therapy and interventions. Results: The challenges faced by these highly educated families are distinctive in that there is a struggle to maintain ethnic identity based on collectivism while embracing American ideals of individualism. These opposing values along with model minority expectations put SAs at high risk for mental health concerns and acculturative family distancing. Furthermore, mental health stigma impedes help-seeking. Mental health practitioners must navigate the different value systems of the parent–child dyad without ostracizing either generation and deliver effective care. Hence, culturally adapted family therapy and community-based approaches may be particularly relevant in SA youth. Conclusion: Our article outlines common family attitudes and issues pertinent to mental health in youth and discusses useful clinical approaches to dealing with SAA youth and their families.
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Schwartz, Gabriel L., and Jaquelyn L. Jahn. "Disaggregating Asian American and Pacific Islander Risk of Fatal Police Violence." PLOS ONE 17, no. 10 (October 10, 2022): e0274745. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0274745.
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High rates and racial inequities in U.S. fatal police violence are an urgent area of public health concern and policy attention. Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders (AAPIs) have been described as experiencing low rates of fatal police violence, yet AAPI subgroups vary widely on nearly every demographic and economic metric. Here, we calculate fatal police violence rates by AAPI regional and national/ethnic background, finding wide variation. We compile a list of AAPI people killed in interactions with police in 2013–2019, then use web searches and surname algorithms to identify decedents’ backgrounds. Rates are then calculated by combining this numerator data with population denominators from the American Community Survey and fitting Poisson models. Excluding 18% of deaths with missing regional backgrounds, East and South Asian Americans died at a rate of 0.05 and 0.04 deaths per 100,000 (95% CI: 0.04–0.06 and 0.02–0.08), respectively, less than a third of Southeast Asian Americans’ rate (0.16, CI: 0.13–0.19). Pacific Islanders suffered higher rates (0.88, CI: 0.65–1.19), on par with Native and Black Americans. More granularly, Southeast Asian American groups displaced by US war in Southeast Asia suffered higher rates than others from the same region. Traditional racial classifications thus obscure high risks of fatal police violence for AAPI subgroups. Disaggregation is needed to improve responses to fatal police violence and its racial/ethnic inequities.
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Jha, Aruna, Manik Ahuja, and Rajvi J. Wani. "Suicide Among South Asians in the United States: A Growing Public Health Problem." SAGE Open 12, no. 4 (October 2022): 215824402211403. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/21582440221140378.
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This research study quantifies and describes suicide among South Asian Americans (SAAs), an emerging population that are underrepresented group in suicide research. The purpose of this study was to examine key characteristics of suicide deaths among SAAs. Data were employed from DuPage County, IL, a county with a large SAA population. Following federal recommendations for disaggregating Asian American data at a granular level, four SAA researchers used name recognition to identify all SAA cases classified as suicide in the DuPage County coroner’s database from 2001 to 2017 ( N = 38). Coroner’s reports were analyzed for contextual details and correlating factors specific to each suicide. Overall, 76.3% of victims were male and 45.0% were married. An analysis of the coroner reports established that 71.1% of decedents showed behavioral disorders that were predisposing risk factors for suicide including mental health diagnoses (57.9%), and a reported prior suicide attempt (21.1%). Among these decedents only 34.2% had received any prior psychiatric care. Significant errors in racial classification of SAAs, lead to a gross undercount of SAA deaths by suicide with 55% of South Asian suicides assigned to a different race or ethnic group. Future studies must increase the scope of this research to other geographic locations with high concentrations of SAAs and examine the risk factors for suicide among SAAs, one of the fastest growing ethnic populations in the U.S.
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Chuang, Angie. "Representations of Foreign versus (Asian) American Identity in a Mass-Shooting Case." Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly 89, no. 2 (March 13, 2012): 244–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1077699012439179.
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Scholarship on media representations of Asian minority identity has established that historic constructions of the Other perpetuate a conflation of ethnic with foreign. Previous studies of Seung-Hui Cho and the 2007 Virginia Tech shootings concluded that though Cho was a South Korean national, news media overemphasized his foreign identity, despite his living in the United States most of his life. This study examines newspaper coverage of the 2009 mass shooting at an immigrant-services center in Binghamton, New York, and of perpetrator Jiverly Wong, who immigrated from Vietnam, had lived in the United States for two decades, and was a naturalized U.S. citizen.
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George, Rosemary Marangoly. "“From Expatriate Aristocrat to Immigrant Nobody”: South Asian Racial Strategies in the Southern Californian Context." Diaspora: A Journal of Transnational Studies 6, no. 1 (March 1997): 31–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/diaspora.6.1.31.
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In post Proposition 187 and Proposition 209 California, there is immense pressure on all Californians to take positions on issues such as affirmative action, immigration policies and practices, “color-blind” futures, and indeed on race itself. Discussion on such issues among the Indian-American communities in Southern California (of which I am a part) has brought to light a certain reluctance to acknowledge a racial identity for oneself and for the community at large. What is refused by nearly all upper and middle class South Asians is not so much a specific racial identity but the very idea of being raced. The only identity that is acknowledged is the cultural and ethnic one of being no more and no less than “Indian-American”; when pressed, the commonly offered affiliation approaching a racial category that is seen as acceptable is “Aryan.”
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Khan, Mushira, Sheetal Shah, and Ajla Basic. "Like A Dew Drop On A Lotus Leaf: Perceptions Of Aging Well In South Asian American Older Adults." Innovation in Aging 5, Supplement_1 (December 1, 2021): 1010–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igab046.3622.
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Abstract Past research has underscored four key themes prevalent in popular and scientific discourse on successful aging in North America – the emphasis on individual agency and control; continuing productive activity into old age; the value of independence in late life; and an ideal construction of permanent personhood, wherein the realities of mortality and decline are inadequately addressed (Lamb, 2014). Yet, the meanings attached to successful aging differ across cultures and are not very well-understood. The Perceptions of Aging Well in Diverse Populations study aims to acquire a holistic understanding of the attitudes and beliefs around aging well across cultures and to identify the similarities and differences in these perceptions within diverse racial and ethnic groups. This presentation highlights preliminary findings from in-depth, semi-structured qualitative interviews with South Asian Americans 50 years and older (n=19; 9 men, 10 women). Participants shared that a sense of inevitability and aging with “grace”, “dignity”, and “wisdom” were key components of successful aging. Maintaining good health, keeping a positive attitude, and remaining independent in later life appeared motivated primarily by a desire to remain connected to, but not necessarily “burden” adult children with caregiving responsibilities. Religious faith and spiritual well-being, availability of support systems, and a sense of community were key facilitators. Limited English proficiency and loneliness posed challenges to aging well, particularly in late-life immigrants. These findings provide unique insights into subjective perceptions of successful aging and may help inform programs and policies that support the health and well-being of older South Asian Americans.
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Mitchell, Barbara A., and Sandeep K. Dhillon. "Happily Ever After or Not? Marital Quality among Culturally Diverse Older-Aged Canadian Parents." Journal of Comparative Family Studies 54, no. 1 (April 1, 2023): 51–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/jcfs.54.1.050.
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The quality of partnered relationships is integral to individual and family health and well-being over the life span. Significant shifts in ethno-cultural diversity, parental roles, and family life contribute to more complex partnership experiences in North American society. Drawing from a socio-cultural life course lens, we examine parental marital satisfaction/quality in later life in terms of ethnicity, socio-demographic variables (e.g., ethnic identity, gender, age, health status) and family context (e.g., presence of children at home, intergenerational relations, retirement status). Data are drawn from a sample of 454 married/partnered adults aged 50+ with a least one child aged 19–35 who reside in Metro Vancouver, British Columbia, from four cultural groups: British, Chinese, Persian/Iranian, and South Asian. Using Ordinary Linear Regression, we model predictors of three dependent variables: global marital satisfaction and two sub-scales, including positive and negative emotional/cognitive appraisals of relationship quality. Several ethnic group contrasts were supported, with Chinese reporting lower global marital satisfaction than the South Asians and Persian/Iranians reporting lower levels of positive marital appraisals than the South Asians. In addition, these associations were nuanced by interactions between ethnicity and gender, revealing distinct relationships with the dependent variables. Results also support associations for several covariates. In particular, greater income satisfaction and those reporting lower conflict with their children had higher marital quality; and males and those reporting better health only had positive associations with the global marital satisfaction scale. Implications for theorizing relationship quality in later life and recommendations for those who work with culturally diverse older adults (e.g., mental health care professionals, community service providers) are discussed.
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Bacchus, Nazreen S. "Resisting Islamophobia: Muslims Seeking American Integration Through Spiritual Growth, Community Organizing and Political Activism." American Journal of Islamic Social Sciences 36, no. 4 (October 7, 2019): 1–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.35632/ajiss.v36i4.548.
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Since 9/11, second-generation Muslims have experienced an increase in religious discrimination that has presented several challenges to their American integration. Scholars have noted that Muslims are often marginalized and “othered” because of their religious beliefs, attire choices and non-Western ethnic origins. In New York, Arabs, South Asians and Africans are the predominant ethnic groups practicing Islam. Although Muslim communities are ethnically and racially diverse, they are categorized in ways that have transformed their religious identity into a racialized group. This new form of racial amalgamation is not constructed on underlying skin color similarities but on their religious adherence to Islam. The War on Terror has complicated the image of Muslims by circulating Islamophobia, or the fear of Muslims and Islam, onto American society. Political rhetoric targeting Muslim communities has also incited new ways of misinterpreting Qur’anic text to further marginalize them. Second-generation Muslim Americans are responding to Islamophobia by reframing the negative depictions about their identities through community-based activism. This paper takes an intersectionality approach to understanding how Muslims across the New York metro area are managing their religious identities as they seek to develop a sense of belonging in American society. This ethnographic case study addresses how second-generation Muslims are resisting Islamophobia through community building, civic engagement, and college student associations. Countering Islamophobia has become part of the everyday life experience for Muslims in New York and is currently their main trajectory for integration into American society.
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Bacchus, Nazreen. "Resisting Islamophobia." American Journal of Islam and Society 36, no. 4 (October 7, 2019): 1–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.35632/ajis.v36i4.548.
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Since 9/11, second-generation Muslims have experienced an increase in religious discrimination that has presented several challenges to their American integration. Scholars have noted that Muslims are often marginalized and “othered” because of their religious beliefs, attire choices and non-Western ethnic origins. In New York, Arabs, South Asians and Africans are the predominant ethnic groups practicing Islam. Although Muslim communities are ethnically and racially diverse, they are categorized in ways that have transformed their religious identity into a racialized group. This new form of racial amalgamation is not constructed on underlying skin color similarities but on their religious adherence to Islam. The War on Terror has complicated the image of Muslims by circulating Islamophobia, or the fear of Muslims and Islam, onto American society. Political rhetoric targeting Muslim communities has also incited new ways of misinterpreting Qur’anic text to further marginalize them. Second-generation Muslim Americans are responding to Islamophobia by reframing the negative depictions about their identities through community-based activism. This paper takes an intersectionality approach to understanding how Muslims across the New York metro area are managing their religious identities as they seek to develop a sense of belonging in American society. This ethnographic case study addresses how second-generation Muslims are resisting Islamophobia through community building, civic engagement, and college student associations. Countering Islamophobia has become part of the everyday life experience for Muslims in New York and is currently their main trajectory for integration into American society.
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Cadinot, Dominique. "Becoming Part of Mainstream America or Asserting a New Muslim-Americanness: How American Muslims Negotiate their Identity in a post 9/11 Environment." American Studies in Scandinavia 50, no. 1 (January 30, 2018): 83–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.22439/asca.v50i1.5695.
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In 2005, historian David R. Roediger published the now-classic Working Toward Whiteness: How America’s Immigrants Became White in which he recounts how immigrant minorities in the early 20th century secured their place in the “white race” in order to qualify as fully American and be treated with fairness and respect. Muslim immigrants from the Middle-East were no exception to the process described. However, becoming white was a particularly long and arduous journey which eventually led to the 1978 Office of Management Budget directive officially categorizing Middle-Eastern immigrants as white. But the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001 sparked new alliances between the various ethnic groups that make up the US Muslim community: Arabs, African-Americans or South-East Asians from all walks of life have joined forces in resisting discrimination and bigotry. Thus, the question arises whether common cultural heritage or faith should be the main force shaping a new collective and visible identity. Also, such process entails a questioning of hierarchies based on socioeconomic status; compared to their African-American coreligionists, American citizens of Arab descent fare much better in terms of education and wealth. The main purpose of this paper is to evaluate the impact of 9/11 on the way Arab-American Muslims and their community leaders re-define the boundaries of their collective identity and how they forge bonds of solidarity with indigenous Muslims. It seeks to address two related questions: How do Arab-American Muslims relate to the black-white dualist model or racial binary? What role does class identification play in structuring social relations between Arab and African-American Muslims? While I do not negate the fact that in the US race continues to play a fundamental role in structuring social relations, I argue that it is important to pay close attention to how socioeconomic status may condition the formulation of a group identity.
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Hammer, Juliane. "Family and Gender among American Muslims." American Journal of Islam and Society 17, no. 3 (October 1, 2000): 126–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.35632/ajis.v17i3.2054.
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Family and Gender among American Muslims presents a multitude of theoreticaland empirical discussions about the issues of family and gender in variousAmerican Muslim communities.Divided into three main sections, the first section, "Values, Structure, andVariations in Muslim Families" presents articles based on empirical researchon issues such as the role of women in an Iranian ethnic economy, the selfevaluationof Palestinian women's lives, the issue of mut'a-marriage amongLebanese Shi'as, and the problems of South Asian Muslim families in theUnited States. The second section, "Practical Issues for Families,'' providesinsight into health issues, the work of an Arab-American community center,care for the elderly and problems of second-generation Arabs with marriageand role conflicts. The third section presents an interesting account of fiveMuslim immigrants, as narrated by them.The book is an insightful introduction into some of the problems faced byAmerican Mu Jim immigrants and their children on a daily basis. The questionsof how to preserve an ethnic and religious identity in a society that hasdifferent values and mies is central to the lives of these American Muslims. Itis a recurring theme running throughout most articles and illustrated in differentways. Some of the authors highlight problems and make recommendationsto parents, community leaders, teachers, and social workers on how to solvethese problems.The first article by Yvonne Y. Haddad and Jane I. Smith gives an overviewof the important topics concerning Islamic values and the questions of gender,such as dating, marriage, women and work, birth control, raising of children,and the observation of American holidays. The authors present a realistic ...
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Park, Saemyi. "Asian Americans’ Perception of Intergroup Commonality with Blacks and Latinos: The Roles of Group Consciousness, Ethnic Identity, and Intergroup Contact." Social Sciences 10, no. 11 (November 19, 2021): 441. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/socsci10110441.
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This study explores the factors that influence Asian Americans’ perception of interracial commonality with Blacks and Latinos. Using the 2018 Civic Engagement and Political Participation of Asian Americans Survey, this research tests a model of competing theoretical explanations for Asian Americans’ intergroup commonality: group consciousness, group identity, views of discrimination, and intergroup contact. Results from ordered logistic regression analyses suggest that group consciousness, ethnic identity, and intergroup contact via friendship are robust predictors of Asian Americans’ feelings of closeness to Blacks and Latinos. However, Asian Americans’ perceptions of discrimination are unlikely to result in higher levels of the perceived commonality with outgroups. This study provides a valuable addition to the existing literature on interminority relations by identifying opportunities for Asian Americans to join cross-racial alliances. The conclusion of the article points to the important role that community-based organizations can play in bringing specific Asian American ethnic groups into such coalitions and promoting direct interactions between Asian Americans and other racial groups.
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Yamashiro, Jane. "Ethnic Return Migration Policies and Asian American Labor in Japan and Korea." AAPI Nexus Journal: Policy, Practice, and Community 10, no. 1 (2012): 21–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.36650/nexus10.1_21-39_yamashiro.
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Asian ethnic return migration policies are having an important impact on the lives of Asian Americans. By making it easier for later generation Asian Americans to work and invest in their ancestral homelands, these policies have affected the scale of Asian American migration and their economic, cultural, and social connections to Asia. However, ethnic return migration policies and their effects are not uniform across all Asian American groups. This paper analyzes how Asian Americans are being affected by ethnic return migration policies through comparative examination of the Immigration Control Act in Japan and the Overseas Korean Act in South Korea. The two policies in Japan and South Korea (hereafter Korea) are similar in their initial targeting of ethnic return migrants and in their privileging of skilled workers and investors in the 2000s to increase each country’s competitiveness in the global economy. However, while Korea’s policy has cast a net to include Korean Americans specifically, Japan’s ethnic return migration policy has not been aimed at Japanese Americans in the same way.
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Chung, Leeva Chiling, and Stella Ting‐Toomey. "Ethnic identity and relational expectations among Asian Americans." Communication Research Reports 16, no. 2 (March 1999): 157–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08824099909388713.
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FUKURAI, Hiroshi. "The Decoupling of the Nation and the State: Constitutionalizing Transnational Nationhood, Cross-Border Connectivity, Diaspora, and “National” Identity-Affiliation in Asia and Beyond." Asian Journal of Law and Society 7, no. 1 (February 2020): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/als.2019.26.
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AbstractSince the first Asian Law and Society Conference (ALSA) was held at the National University of Singapore (NUS) in 2016, a number of special sessions have been organized to focus on the deconstruction of the Westphalian transnational order based on the concept of the “nation-state.”1 This dominant hegemony was predicated on the congruence of the geo-territorial boundaries of both the state and the nation, as well as the “assumed integration” of state-defined “citizenship” and another distinctly layered “membership” based on culture, ethnic, religious, and indigenous affiliations. The “nation-state” ideology has thus masked a history of tensions and conflicts, often manifested in the form of oppression, persecution, and genocide directed at the nation and its peoples by the state and its predatory institutions. Our studies have shown that such conflicts between the nation and the state have been observed in multiple regions in Asia, including Kashmir in India; Moro and Islamic communities of Mindanao in the Philippines; Karen, Kachin, and other autonomous nations in Myanmar; West Papua, Aceh, Kalimantan, South Moluccas, Minahasa, and Riau in Indonesia; Kurds in multiple state systems of Iraq, Syria, Turkey, and Iran; and Palestine in Israel, among many other culturally autonomous nucleated communities in Asia and across the world.2 The phrase “the nation and the state” was specifically chosen to distinguish and highlight the unique conflictual histories of two geo-political entities and to provide a fundamentally differing interpretation of history, geography, the role of law, and global affairs from the perspectives of nation peoples, rather than from that of the state or international organizations, as traditional analyses do. The Westphalian “nation-state” hegemony led to the inviolability of the state’s sovereign control over the nation and peoples within a state-delimited territory. The state then began to engage in another predatory project: to strengthen and extend its international influence over other states and, thus, the nations within these states, by adopting new constitutional provisions to offer cross-border “citizenship” to diasporic “ethnic-nationals” and descendants of “ex-migrants” who now inhabit foreign states. The nations have similarly capitalized on constitutional activism by erecting their own Constitutions to explore collaboration with other nations, as well as diasporic populations of their own, in order to carve out a path toward the nations’ independence within, and even beyond, the respective state systems. The “constitutional” activism sought by the state and the nation has become an important political vehicle with which to engage in possible collaboration with diasporic “ethno-nationals” and ex-migrant communities, in order to further assert political influence and strengthen trans-border politics of the state and the nation. Three articles included in this issue investigate such constitutional activism of cross-border politics and transnational collaborations in Asia, the Americas, Europe, and other regions across the globe.
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Kibria, Nazli. "Race, Ethnic Options, and Ethnic Binds: Identity Negotiations of Second-Generation Chinese and Korean Americans." Sociological Perspectives 43, no. 1 (March 2000): 77–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1389783.
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This article examines the dynamics of race and ethnic options for those racially labeled “Asian” in U.S. society. Drawing on sixty-four in-depth interviews with second-generation Chinese and Korean Americans, I look at how Asian racial categorization and its dynamics shape informal, everyday social encounters between Asians and non-Asians. These dynamics suggest an ethnic bind — a sense of uncertainty and conflict about the meaning and significance of ethnic identity and practice, stemming from the multiple and contradictory pressures surrounding it. The second-generation Chinese and Korean Americans experienced pressures both to cultivate their Chinese and Korean membership and to downplay or minimize it. For those labeled “Asian,” the ethnic bind is part of the social terrain on which ethnic identity is produced, with ethnic options emerging out of the contests and negotiations surrounding them.
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Plucker, Jonathan A. "Gifted Asian-American Students: Identification, Curricular, and Counseling Concerns." Journal for the Education of the Gifted 19, no. 3 (April 1996): 315–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/016235329601900305.
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Asian Americans constitute the fastest growing ethnic group in the United States population, and an incredible diversity exists among Asian-American groups with respect to language, values and beliefs, socioeconomic status, acculturation, and ethnic identity. Yet research involving gifted Asian Americans is limited. Suggestions for teaching and counseling are rare, and most literature addresses only identification concerns. This article calls attention to the deficits in the current literature; analyzes the numerous factors that influence the intellectual, social, and emotional development of gifted Asian Americans; summarizes recommended curricular and counseling practices; and suggests future directions for research and interventions.
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Worrell, Frank C., Rodolfo Mendoza-Denton, and Amanda Wang. "Introducing a New Assessment Tool for Measuring Ethnic-Racial Identity: The Cross Ethnic-Racial Identity Scale–Adult (CERIS-A)." Assessment 26, no. 3 (March 18, 2017): 404–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1073191117698756.
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In this article, we examined the psychometric properties of scores on a new instrument, the Cross Ethnic-Racial Identity Scale-Adult (CERIS-A) for use across different ethnic and racial groups. The CERIS-A measures seven ethnic-racial identity attitudes—assimilation, miseducation, self-hatred, anti-dominant, ethnocentricity, multiculturalist inclusive, and ethnic-racial salience. Participants consisted of 803 adults aged 18 to 76, including African Americans (19.3%), Asian Americans (17.6%), European Americans (37.0%), and Latino/as (17.8%). Analyses indicated that CERIS-A scores were reliable, and configural, metric, and scalar invariance were supported for the seven factors across gender; however, Miseducation, Ethnic-Racial Salience, and Ethnocentricity scores achieved only metric invariance across ethnic-racial groups. Self-Hatred, Ethnic-Racial Salience, Anti-Dominant, and Ethnocentricity scores were significantly and meaningfully related to race-based rejection sensitivity scores, providing evidence of convergent validity. We concluded that the CERIS-A is a potentially useful instrument for examining ethnic-racial identity attitudes across multiple racial/ethnic subgroups in the United States.
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Ownbey, Shiretta F., and Patricia E. Horridge. "THE SUINN-LEW ASIAN SELF-IDENTITY ACCULTURATION SCALE: TEST WITH A NON-STUDENT, ASIAN-AMERICAN SAMPLE." Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal 26, no. 1 (January 1, 1998): 57–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.1998.26.1.57.
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Ethnic diversity is a major trend in the United States with Asian Americans constituting a rapidly growing percentage of the population. Consequently, acculturation among Asian-Americans is an important issue since ethnic diversity both offers cultural richness and contributes to challenges for educational systems, public health services, and entities concerned with consumer practices. The Suinn-Lew Asian Self-Identity Acculturation (SL-ASIA) Scale was tested with a non-student, random sample (N = 124) comprised of Chinese- and Filipino-Americans 18 years old and older who lived in San Francisco. Resulting data confirmed results of an initial study of the SL-ASIA; the test scores resulted in acceptable reliability measures and the instrument contains items which are promising for accurate measurement of acculturation level among Asian-American populations.
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Rodriguez, Luis A., Yichen Jin, Sameera A. Talegawkar, Marcia C. de Oliveira Otto, Namratha R. Kandula, David M. Herrington, and Alka M. Kanaya. "Differences in Diet Quality among Multiple US Racial/Ethnic Groups from the Mediators of Atherosclerosis in South Asians Living in America (MASALA) Study and the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA)." Journal of Nutrition 150, no. 6 (March 4, 2020): 1509–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jn/nxaa050.
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ABSTRACT Background Diet quality is an important risk factor for type 2 diabetes (T2D) and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Little is known about the diet quality of South Asians in the United States, a group with higher rates of T2D and CVD compared with other racial/ethnic groups. Objective This study determined whether diet quality differs between South Asian adults in the Mediators of Atherosclerosis in South Asians Living in America (MASALA) Study and whites, Chinese Americans, African Americans, and Hispanics in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA). Methods Cross-sectional data from 3926 participants free of CVD from MESA visit 5 (2010–2011) and 889 South Asian participants from MASALA visit 1 (2010–2013) were pooled. Diet quality was assessed using the Alternative Healthy Eating Index (AHEI-2010) derived using FFQs. Multivariable linear regression models adjusted for age, sex, and total energy intake were used to compare mean differences in diet quality between the racial/ethnic groups. Results MESA participants were, on average, 14 y older than MASALA participants. The adjusted mean (95% CI) scores for the AHEI-2010 were 70.2 (69.5, 70.9) among South Asians, 66.2 (66.3, 68.2) among Chinese Americans, 61.1 (60.7, 61.6) among whites, 59.0 (58.4, 59.7) among Hispanics, and 57.5 (56.9, 58.1) among African Americans. The mean AHEI scores among South Asians were 3.1 (1.8, 4.3), 9.2 (8.3, 10.1), 11.2 (10.2, 12.3), and 12.8 (11.8, 13.7) points higher compared with Chinese Americans, whites, Hispanics, and African Americans, respectively. Conclusions South Asian adults in the United States have a higher diet quality compared with other racial/ethnic groups. This paradoxical finding is not consistent with the observed higher rates of T2D and CVD compared with other groups. This is further evidence of the importance of studying the South Asian population to better understand the causes of chronic disease not explained by diet quality.
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Khan, Adnan Ahmed, Raleigh Ayoolu Fatoki, Diane M. Carpenter, Joan C. Lo, and David M. Baer. "Clinical presentation of multiple myeloma by race/ethnicity and Asian subgroup in an integrated healthcare system." Journal of Clinical Oncology 39, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2021): e20012-e20012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2021.39.15_suppl.e20012.
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e20012 Background: Several US studies have evaluated ethnic differences in patients with multiple myeloma (MM), but few have focused on populations other than non-Hispanic Whites and Blacks. We examined ethnic differences in a contemporary cohort of MM patients and their presenting laboratory findings in a large, insured, community-based population, including findings across Asian American subgroups. Methods: Using the Kaiser Permanente Northern California (KPNC) Cancer Registry, we identified all new cases of MM from 2010-2018 and obtained data on age, sex, race/ethnicity, Asian subgroup, and presenting hemoglobin, calcium, and estimated renal function (eGFR derived from serum creatinine) from health plan databases. Moderate to severe anemia was defined by hemoglobin <10 g/dL, hypercalcemia by calcium >11 mg/dL, and chronic kidney disease (CKD) by eGFR: stage 3 (eGFR 30-59) and stages 4-5 (eGFR <30). MM incidence was estimated using membership denominators. Results: There were 2224 new MM cases (mean age 68y, 60% male) in 2010-2018, with an annual MM incidence of 7.9-9.8/100,000. Table 1 compares presentation by race/ethnicity. Non-Whites (45%) were more likely to present at age <65 than non-Hispanic Whites (30%, p<0.01). Black (43%) and Asian (39%) adults were more likely to present with hemoglobin <10 g/dL than non-Hispanic Whites (27%, p<0.01); Black adults were more likely to present with hemoglobin <10 g/dL than Hispanic adults (31%, p=0.02). Among the primary Asian subgroups, proportions with hemoglobin <10 g/dL were 38% (East Asian), 43% (Filipino), and 45% (South Asian). Blacks were more likely to present with CKD stage 4-5 (19.5%) than other races/ethnicities (p=0.04); differences between White vs non-White or Asian vs non-Asian were not significant. In Asians, 12.7% (South Asian) and 19.0% (Filipino, East Asian) presented with CKD 4-5. Asians were least likely to present with hypercalcemia (6.7%, p=0.03), and this was similar for Asian subgroups. Conclusions: We observed ethnic differences in MM presentation in a large integrated healthcare system. Blacks were more likely to have CKD stage 4-5 and hemoglobin <10 g/dL than non-Hispanic Whites. Asians were more likely to have CKD stage 4-5 than non-Hispanic Whites but least likely to have hypercalcemia. This is one of the first studies to identify Asian subgroups and examine variation across East Asians, Filipinos, and South Asians. Analyses examining ethnic differences in survival among MM patients are in progress.[Table: see text]
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Ju, Catherine, and Brian Carpenter. "ETHNIC IDENTIFICATION AND GRANDPARENT-GRANDCHILD RELATIONSHIPS IN ASIAN AND ASIAN AMERICAN YOUNG ADULTS." Innovation in Aging 6, Supplement_1 (November 1, 2022): 631. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igac059.2341.
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Abstract Asians and Asian Americans experienced an increase in exposure to racial discrimination during the COVID-19 pandemic. Ethnic minorities may counter discrimination by actively strengthening their ethnic identity and engaging in behaviors designed to enhance ethnic and cultural identification, such as reaching out to people who personify their culture. Grandparents are one such resource to whom young adults may turn to learn about their cultural heritage. The current study examined the degree to which facets of Asian and Asian American grandparent-grandchild relationships were related to ethnic identity, particularly in response to exposure to discrimination. Asian and Asian American young adults (N = 102) completed survey questions related to their experiences with COVID-19-related racial discrimination, ethnic identification, and relational closeness and frequency of contact with grandparents. Overall, exposure to discrimination was not significantly associated with strength of ethnic identity. However, there was a significant positive association between strength of ethnic identity and frequency of synchronous contact with grandparents, rs(100) = .329, p < .001. Strength of ethnic identity and relational closeness with grandparents were also significantly positively correlated, rs(100) = .383, p < .001. In contrast to some previous research, results show that discrimination encountered during the pandemic may not be related to strength of ethnic identification. However, there is a strong relationship between Asian and Asian American young adults’ strength of ethnic identification and the nature of their relationships with their grandparents. These findings enhance understanding of how intergenerational relationships are related to ethnic identity.
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Shafi, Saheeh. "Second-generation immigrant Indian's identity formation: An intersectional study of pan-ethnicity, gender, and religion." Indonesian Journal of Social Sciences 15, no. 1 (June 16, 2023): 21–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/ijss.v15i1.40042.
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This paper explores the multi-dimensional Asian American identity of immigrant Indians from their interview responses. Pan-ethnic identity of Indians in the US as Asian Americans, the Mar Thoma Church community for religious identity, and the second-generation Patel family’s union formation in terms of gender identity will be analyzed to find out the reasons behind their choice of a particular identity. Historical frameworks like Asian American movement and theoretical frameworks like identity formation theories will be used to interpret the reasons behind the choice of the identity of Indian Americans. For analyzing interview data, methodological frameworks, including thematic and statistical analysis, will be used. Results show the reasons behind their choice of different identities, including professional advantage and their future directives as part of hypotheses of Indian Americans as they merge with the American identity as part of cultural assimilation, in other cases, retain their Asian-ness beyond Americanized identity and sometimes go beyond both American, Asian identity to restate their Indian ethnicity. To conclude, the identity of Indian Americans remains evenly poised and keeps on changing due to the requirements of the ever-evolving world.
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Arora, Maneesh, and Christopher T. Stout. "Letters for Black Lives: Co-ethnic Mobilization and Support for the Black Lives Matter Movement." Political Research Quarterly 72, no. 2 (August 13, 2018): 389–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1065912918793222.
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Previous research demonstrates that individuals are more open to persuasion from people who share their race. However, it is not known whether this relationship holds for Asian Americans. We address this shortcoming by exploring how the race of an author influences support for, and perceptions of, the Black Lives Matter (BLM) movement. Drawing from literature on opinion formation and social identity theory, we expect that whites will be most persuaded by whites, while Asian Americans will not be particularly persuaded by co-ethnic messengers due to relatively low levels of group identity. To test our hypotheses, we use two online surveys that oversample Asian American respondents who are randomly assigned letters in support of BLM written by either an Asian American author or a white author. Similar to previous research, we find that whites are more likely to respond to appeals from co-racial individuals. However, we find that Asian Americans respond positively to co-ethnic and white messengers. Further analysis reveals that Asian Americans’ lower levels of in-group preferences compared with whites explains why they do not respond to co-racial individuals similarly to other groups.
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Joseph, Ronald Raju. ""Machine Town": Panethnic Asian American Identity in Philadelphia Politics." Perceptions 4, no. 2 (May 24, 2018): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.15367/pj.v4i2.107.
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This paper investigated the topic of panethnic Asian American political coalition-building in Philadelphia politics, to determine if efforts to forge such a coalition succeeded. This paper traced the scholarship accumulated across multiple spheres of Asian American studies ranging from the emergence of panethnic Asian American identity, Asian American involvement in American politics before and after the civil rights movement, and the continuing ethnic divisions within the Asian American community. Further research on urban politics and its intersection with ethnic identity was also investigated, yielding insights into the nature of the potential of and obstacles to successful panethnic political organizing across ethnic lines in the urban areas of the United States. Upon investigating data on the voting patterns of Asian Americans, the socioeconomic statistics on various Asian American ethnic groups, the organizational landscape of organizations--panethnic or ethnic--serving the Asian American community, and the political clout of Asian American political activists and groups in Philadelphia politics, the conclusion was reached that efforts to forge a panethnic Asian American coalition in Philadelphia politics have not succeeded. While the topic of panethnic Asian American politics in the urban context remains a relatively understudied topic in political science, the existing evidence points that there remain significant obstacles to panethnic political organizing in Asian American communities.
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Thangaraj, Stanley Ilango. "“Liting it up”: Popular Culture, Indo-Pak Basketball, and South Asian American Institutions." Cosmopolitan Civil Societies: An Interdisciplinary Journal 2, no. 2 (August 19, 2010): 71–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.5130/ccs.v2i2.1532.
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South Asian American participants of a co-ethnic basketball league, known as Indo-Pak Basketball, utilized urban basketball vernacular through the phrase “liting it up” to identify individuals scoring points in great numbers. The person “liting it up” becomes visible and receives recognition. Accordingly, I want to “lite up” the scholarship on South Asian America whereby situating South Asian American religious sites and cultural centers as key arenas for “Americanization” through US popular culture. I situate sport as a key element of popular culture through which South Asian American communities work out, struggle through, and contest notions of self. Informed by an Anthropology of Sport, ethnography of South Asian American communities in Atlanta takes place alongside an examination of the North American Indo-Pak Basketball circuit. Accordingly, my findings indicate that such community formation has also taken shape at the intersections of institutions, gender, and sexuality whereby excluding queers, women, and other communities of color.
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Kaur, Japneet, Ryan Miller, Eduardo Freitas, Debra Bemben, and Michael Bemben. "Racial/ethnic differences in bone mineral density, muscle function and fat mass in young women." Brazilian Journal of Health and Biomedical Sciences 18, no. 2 (December 4, 2019): 103–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.12957/bjhbs.2019.53500.
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Background: Racial/ethnic differences in bone mineral density(BMD) result in increased susceptibility of some ethnic groupsto fragility fractures in comparison to others. Conventionally,both lean mass and fat mass provide mechanical loadingto the skeleton and increase BMD, however, increase in fatmass beyond a certain level without a concurrent increasein muscle mass/strength, is detrimental to the skeleton. Theaim of this study was to determine racial/ethnic differencesin BMD, muscle function and fat mass in 18-30-year-oldwomen of Caucasian, East-Asian, South-Asian, Hispanic andAfrican-American backgrounds. Materials and methods: Forty-six women participated in the study. The visits includedsigning a written informed consent and questionnaires toassess health status, menstrual history, physical activity andcalcium intake. Body composition (fat mass, bone free leanbody mass (BFLBM), and bone mineral content (BMC)) andtotal and regional BMD were measured using Dual EnergyX-Ray Absorptiometry, while handgrip test, jump test, 1Repetition-Maximum leg press test, and bilateral isokinetic testingof knee flexors and extensors were used to quantify lower limbmuscle strength and power. Results: African-American womenhad a higher BMD at the left and right trochanter (p=0.03) andhigher BMC at several sites in comparison to South-Asians(p=0.02) and Hispanics (p=0.03). South-Asian women had ahigher fat mass (p=0.04) and percent body fat (p=0.003), andlower BFLBM (p=0.04) and strength (p=0.003) than East-Asiansand Caucasians. Conclusion: This type of research is essentialto identify at-risk minorities and fundamental for creatingawareness, developing ethnicity-specific diagnostic criteria,and preventative and therapeutic strategies.Keywords: DXA; Osteoporosis; Body composition;Premenopausal; Lean mass; Muscle strength.
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Oh, Joong-Hwan, and Jung-Hee Lee. "Asian Values, Ethnic Identity, and Acculturation Among Ethnic Asian Wives in South Korea." Journal of International Migration and Integration 15, no. 1 (January 9, 2013): 73–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12134-012-0269-x.
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Devos, Thierry, Melody Sadler, David Perry, and Kumar Yogeeswaran. "Temporal fluctuations in context ethnic diversity over three decades predict implicit national inclusion of Asian Americans." Group Processes & Intergroup Relations 24, no. 1 (November 25, 2019): 3–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1368430219887440.
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The present research examined whether temporal fluctuations in context ethnic diversity account for current levels of implicit ethnic-American associations. Temporal fluctuations in ethnic diversity at the metropolitan level were assessed using data from four decennial U.S. censuses (1980–2010) and distinguishing three dimensions of context ethnic diversity (minority representation, variety, and integration). Project Implicit data (2011–2017) indexed the extent to which American identity was implicitly associated with European Americans over Asian Americans (i.e., American = White associations). Data were analyzed using multilevel modeling ( N = 152,011, nested within 226 metropolitan areas). Steeper increases in the proportion of Asian Americans were related to weaker implicit (but stronger explicit) American = White associations. Increases in ethnic integration accounted for stronger implicit American = White associations when integration fluctuations reflected accelerating rather than decelerating trends. These results suggest that current levels of implicit ethnic-national associations are linked to complex patterns of ethnic diversity fluctuations.
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Idaikkadar, Audrey. "Producing a Filipino American Identity in the Sunbelt South." Filipino American National Historical Society Journal 11, no. 1 (2023): 57–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/fil.2023.a912937.
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Abstract: In the 1970s and 1980s, professional Filipino Americans constructed their community identity in public festivals and spectacles that proclaimed the international status of Atlanta. They established an ethnic association and marched in the WSB Salute 2 America Fourth of July Parade. Parade organizers and city boosters declared that Atlanta was an international hub, a proclamation that entailed distancing itself from images of the Confederacy and racial hatred. To contest their racialization, Filipino Americans presented the complexity of their emerging ethnic identity in celebrations that professed Atlanta’s racial and economic progressiveness and putative status as the “world’s next great city.”
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Tam CHO, Wendy K. "Foreshadowing Strategic Pan-Ethnic Politics: Asian American Campaign Finance Activity in Varying Multicultural Contexts." State Politics & Policy Quarterly 1, no. 3 (September 2001): 273–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/153244000100100303.
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Research on Asian American politics is hampered by data limitations. Asian Americans comprise a small proportion of the population, and few political candidates are of Asian descent. However, because the Asian American population is growing quickly, interest in the group's political behavior has grown. One source of data that can be exploited to understand Asian American political behavior is the state of Hawaii. Hawaii provides a natural experiment since the majority of its citizens are Asian American and Asian political candidates are commonplace. This study of Hawaiian politics focuses on Asian American campaign finance behavior. I find that as Asian Americans locate themselves in more multicultural settings, they become more politically strategic, less focused on national-origin groupings, and more inclined to embrace a pan-ethnic identity.
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Lien, Pei-te, M. Margaret Conway, and Janelle Wong. "The Contours and Sources of Ethnic Identity Choices Among Asian Americans*." Social Science Quarterly 84, no. 2 (May 19, 2003): 461–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1540-6237.8402015.
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Zriba, Hassen. "“Musicalized identities”: South Asian musical Third Space of Enunciation in Britain." Khazar Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences 22, no. 1 (May 2019): 78–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.5782/2223-2621.2019.22.1.78.
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Within a multicultural society like Britain, cultural identity has become a pivotal concern for the nation’s various ethnic minorities. South Asian minorities, notably, the third generation, have adopted different strategies of integration within the mainstream British society while attempting to preserve their cultural idiosyncrasies. South Asian identities or what can be generally called “Asianness” manifested themselves in different socio-cultural expressions. Music has been one of those media of cultural and identity expressions. This article argues that music can be deemed as a “Third Space of Enunciation” for the new generations of ethnic minorities in general and South Asian ones in particular. Ethnic or “ethnicized” music seemed to proffer new horizons and possibilities of articulations for British ethnic minorities. By analysing some contemporary British South Asian musical outputs, we attempt to show how fusion-based and hybrid music was a strategy to mobilize dominant British musical discourses to fight against racism and celebrate cultural identity within the context of multicultural Britain.
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Audette, Andre P., Mark Brockway, and Christopher L. Weaver. "Adapting Identities: Religious Conversion and Partisanship Among Asian American Immigrants." American Politics Research 45, no. 4 (January 22, 2017): 692–721. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1532673x16688459.
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Asian Americans constitute the largest group of new immigrants and the fastest growing ethnic group in the United States. While Asian American immigrants have experienced greater economic success than other minority groups, this has not necessarily led to greater political incorporation such as identification with a political party. Political parties have made little substantive outreach to Asian Americans, leaving a void in political socialization that other institutions, such as churches, have sought to fill. Yet the U.S. religious landscape is often quite different from that of Asian immigrants’ sending countries, providing opportunities for changes in religious identity through conversion. Leveraging data from the 2012 Pew Asian American Survey, we show that conversion from Buddhism to Christianity among Asian American immigrants facilitates the development of partisan political identities. We demonstrate that conversion functions as an adaptation in identity that helps facilitate subsequent changes in identity, such as the acquisition of partisanship.
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Ibrahim, Farah, Hifumi Ohnishi, and Daya Singh Sandhu. "Asian American Identity Development: A Culture Specific Model for South Asian Americans." Journal of Multicultural Counseling and Development 25, no. 1 (January 1997): 34–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.2161-1912.1997.tb00314.x.
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Raygor, Viraj, Fahim Abbasi, Laura C. Lazzeroni, Sun Kim, Erik Ingelsson, Gerald M. Reaven, and Joshua W. Knowles. "Impact of race/ethnicity on insulin resistance and hypertriglyceridaemia." Diabetes and Vascular Disease Research 16, no. 2 (March 2019): 153–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1479164118813890.
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Objective: Insulin sensitivity affects plasma triglyceride concentration and both differ by race/ethnicity. The purpose of this study was to provide a comprehensive assessment of the variation in insulin sensitivity and its relationship to hypertriglyceridaemia between five race/ethnic groups. Research design and methods: In this cross-sectional study, clinical data for 1025 healthy non-Hispanic White, Hispanic White, East Asian, South Asian and African American individuals were analysed. Insulin-mediated glucose disposal (a direct measure of peripheral insulin sensitivity) was measured using the modified insulin suppression test. Statistical analysis was performed using analysis of co-variance. Results: Of the study participants, 63% were non-Hispanic White, 9% were Hispanic White, 11% were East Asian, 11% were South Asian and 6% were African American. Overall, non-Hispanic Whites and African Americans displayed greater insulin sensitivity than East Asians and South Asians. Triglyceride concentration was positively associated with insulin resistance in all groups, including African Americans. Nevertheless, for any given level of insulin sensitivity, African Americans had the lowest triglyceride concentrations. Conclusion: Insulin sensitivity, as assessed by a direct measure of insulin-mediated glucose disposal, and its relationship to triglyceride concentration vary across five race/ethnic groups. Understanding these relationships is crucial for accurate cardiovascular risk stratification and prevention.
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Simonyan, R. H., and T. M. Kochegarova. "RUSSIA'S RELATIONS WITH THE EUROPEAN UNION AND CHINA: COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF MUTUAL PERCEPTION IN THE BORDER REGIONS." MGIMO Review of International Relations, no. 3(48) (June 28, 2016): 154–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.24833/2071-8160-2016-3-48-154-162.
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Occurred nearly a quarter of a century ago, the collapse of the Soviet Union - an event that led to the formation of a new configuration of the world-system. In this global role, the national significance of this event for Russia that she has to find their place in the world that actualizes a scientific discussion on this topic. Without public clarification and comparison of the ideological differences and disagreements it is difficult to imagine the development of a democratic society. Moreover, it is impossible to do without a debate in the society, standing in the darkness. Russia again, as in the beginning 1990-h years is in a situation of historical bifurcation. Russia to go their own way or try to rebuild themselves in the experience of the successful modernization of the States of the European, Asian, South American or African. They have used the Western (European) experience, without losing their national identity. Inherent in our ethnic consciousness and the inclination to extremes, Russian intellectuals keen on totally unproductive debates, like the endless, which is between "Westerners" and "Slavophil's" (in the current language - "fundamentalists"). The notorious dichotomy becomes more and more absurd, Recalling the disputes of "points" and "dull bits" from the famous novel of Jonathan Swift. The country is a completely different choice - effectiveness and development or the inefficiency and backwardness, modernization or preservation of its political and economic model, developed by reformers in 1990-ies. Today, therefore, Russia should not deifying the West, than succeeded ones and not the deification of exclusivity, what more you want to succeed others, but strong awareness of the reality and the pursuit of maximum expediency, pragmatism in the development of the achievements of Western civilization. If Asian countries are to successfully adopt the European (Western) modernization experience, then Russia as a European country should be more favorable conditions. In line with what is happening in the country discussions on ways of socio-economic development of Russia and its role and place in the emerging new global configuration, interactions with neighbors, primarily with the European Union and China in the context of the prospects of replacing the existing economic model and the upcoming modernization. Need to know life plans, orientation and attitudes of the Russian youth, its ideas about the place of Russia in a changing world. how it links its future with the future of their country. In the upcoming modernization, the main burden of its implementation will fall on the current young generation of Russians. In this regard, the article analyzes survey results of University students in six Federal districts of Russia.
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Islam, Jessica Y., Iman Awan, and Farzana Kapadia. "Social Engagement and Mental Health Symptoms Across Asian American Ethnic Groups During the COVID-19 Pandemic." Ethnicity & Disease 32, no. 2 (April 21, 2022): 131–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.18865/ed.32.2.131.
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Background: To examine social engagement and mental health symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic across Asian American (AA) ethnic groups.Methods: Data from three waves of the nationally representative COVID-19 Household Impact Survey (4/20/2020-6/8/2020) were used to describe social engagement and mental health symptoms during the pandemic. Associations between mental health and social engagement were assessed via multinomial logistic regression.Results: In this sample of 312 AAs (36.9% Chinese American, 30.9% South Asian American, 20.1% Filipino/Vietnamese American, and 12.0% Japanese/Korean American), daily communication with neighbors declined for Chinese, South Asian and Filipino/Vietnamese Americans but increased for Japanese/Korean Americans (P=.012) whereas communication with friends/family increased only for Filipino/ Vietnamese, Japanese/Korean and South Asian Americans (P<0.001). Differences in self-reported symptoms of anxiety, depression, loneliness, and hopelessness were observed across AA ethnic groups. In adjusted models, lower social engagement was associated with frequent (3-4 days/week) depressive symptoms during the preceding week (cOR:3.26, 95%CI:1.01-10.5). This association was heightened for Asian men (cOR:14.22, 95%CI:3.62-55.8).Conclusions: Heterogeneity of social engagement and mental health symptoms across AA ethnicities was observed. Understanding associations between social engagement and mental health within different communities is necessary to provide culturally and linguistically appropriate mental health treatment and care.Ethn Dis. 2022;32(2):131-144; doi:10.18865/ed.32.2.131
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Koshy, Susan. "Category Crisis: South Asian Americans and Questions of Race and Ethnicity." Diaspora: A Journal of Transnational Studies 7, no. 3 (December 1998): 285–320. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/diaspora.7.3.285.
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The identity of South Asians in the United States has proved to be problematic, both for the self-identification of the group and for the identifying institutions and popular perceptions of the host society. As a result, a certain exceptionalism (commonly indexed as ambiguity) has come to attach itself to the historiography of South Asian American racial formation. This exceptionalism, in turn, has formed the ground for two competing constructions of South Asian American racial identity that wield significant influence today. One view, represented by some of the major immigrant organizations and reproduced by many middle-class immigrants, stresses ethnicity and class and denies or mitigates the historical salience of race for South Asians in the United States. This position emphasizes the anomalous status of South Asian Americans among racial minorities and embraces the rhetoric of a color-blind meritocracy. The second position, associated mainly with scholars and students in the humanities and social sciences and with some activists, treats South Asian color consciousness as equivalent to white racism and criticizes the immigrant community for denying its own blackness. These critics advocate that South Asian Americans politicize their identity, like their diasporic counterparts in Britain, by forming coalitions with other people of color. Ironically, both positions tend to construct racial identification as a choice, inadvertently reproducing the American ideology of self-making and possibility in discussing one of the social arenas where it has been least applicable.
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Khan, Saira A., and Robert T. Jackson. "The prevalence of metabolic syndrome among low-income South Asian Americans." Public Health Nutrition 19, no. 3 (May 11, 2015): 418–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980015001330.
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AbstractObjectiveThe purpose of the present paper is to examine the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components using the harmonized definition in an interviewed sub-sample of diverse, low-income, adult South Asians (SA) of both sexes residing in Maryland. We also wanted to derive a BMI cut-off value that was highly correlated with the recommended waist circumference (WC) that we could apply to a larger sample of SA Americans for whom only BMI values were available from clinic files. We also examined differences in MetS prevalence among various Asian ethnic groups (defined by country of origin) and the clustering pattern of their MetS components.DesignClinical data extraction on subjects (n1002) and interviewees (n401) were used in a cross-sectional study of SA Americans.SettingTwo community health centres in Montgomery and Baltimore County, MD, USA.SubjectsSA adult males and females (n1403) aged 20–68 years.ResultsThe prevalence of MetS using harmonized WC cut-offs (90 cm in men and 80 cm in women) was 47 % in men and 54 % in women. Using a BMI of 23·0 kg/m2gave a similar prevalence of MetS for males (48 %) and females (47 %). Of the five MetS components, the prevalence pattern differed among the ethnic groups, particularly for SA Indians.ConclusionsThe prevalence of MetS in a diverse, low-income, SA American immigrant group using the harmonized definition was 51 %. Derived lowered BMI cut-off of 23·0 kg/m2should be used by clinicians in studies on SA when WC values are not available for detecting metabolic risk. SA Indians had a higher prevalence of abnormal TAG and blood glucose values compared with other SA, and therefore results for SA Indians should not be generalized to all SA ethnic groups.
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Wolfram, Walt, and Clare Dannenberg. "Dialect Identity in a Tri-Ethnic Context." English World-Wide 20, no. 2 (December 31, 1999): 179–216. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/eww.20.2.01wol.
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This study examines the development of a Native American Indian variety of English in the context of a rural community in the American South where European Americans, African Americans and Native American Indians have lived together for a couple of centuries now. The Lumbee Native American Indians, the largest Native American group east of the Mississippi River and the largest group in the United States without reservation land, lost their ancestral language relatively early in their contact with outside groups, but they have carved out a unique English dialect niche which now distinguishes them from cohort European American and African American vernaculars. Processes of selective accommodation, differential language change and language innovation have operated to develop this distinct ethnic variety, while their cultural isolation and sense of "otherness" in a bi-polar racial setting have served to maintain its ethnic marking.
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Ching, Terence H. W., and Monnica T. Williams. "The role of ethnic identity in OC symptom dimensions among Asian Americans." Journal of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders 21 (April 2019): 112–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jocrd.2019.03.005.
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Wang, Yuanjiang. "Asian Expatriation, to Balance in Mobility: The Construction of Asian Americans’ Multiple Identities in Shawn Wong’s American Knees." International Journal of Languages, Literature and Linguistics 9, no. 3 (June 2023): 224–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.18178/ijlll.2023.9.3.409.
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American Knees is a novel that delves into the complex and diverse identities of Asian Americans in modern society, through the life of Raymond Ding, a Chinese American. Raymond is deeply invested in preserving the history of Asian Americans, and strives to connect with his community and immigrant past in order to shape his own identity. However, Aurora Crane and Brenda pursue their identities through integration into American society, believing that ethnicity is not necessary for self-understanding. The clash of these contrasting perspectives, and the contrast between the cultural interpretations of San Francisco and Hawaii, lead to a realization that Asian American identity is pluralist and constantly evolving. In the novel, there are the juxtaposition of a heavy historical tone and rigid family stereotypes in the first half, and a lighter, more open plot in the second half. This duality highlights the complex nature of identity formation, with the two techniques complementing and supporting each other. Through the interweaving of history, reality, self, and other, the novel portrays the many attempts at self-realization and multiple identities of Asian Americans, which do not necessarily conflict, but rather offer infinite possibilities for the shape of ethnic identity. American Knees is not just a lighthearted portrayal, but a nuanced attempt to decode the complexities of Asian American identities.
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Yamashita, Liann. "“I Just Couldn’t Relate to That Asian American Narrative”: How Southeast Asian Americans Reconsider Panethnicity." Sociology of Race and Ethnicity 8, no. 2 (March 4, 2022): 250–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/23326492221078953.
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Asian American panethnicity was conceptualized to unify ethnic groups and represent their sociopolitical interests. Increasingly however, scholars have questioned whether panethnicity accurately reflects the diversity of different ethnic groups’ experiences and identities. In mainstream culture, “Asian American” has become synonymous with East Asian Americans and stereotypes—albeit biased ones—of their affluence, thus erasing the realities of working-class, South, and Southeast Asian Americans (SEAAs). I focus on the last group and join other scholars in emphasizing how ethnic groups’ unique historical relationships with the United States differentially impact their racial identities and attachments to panethnicity. Using 62 interviews with Southeast Asian refugees and service providers in North Carolina, I explore how a term I call “quiet neglect”—the U.S. institutionalized silence around the Vietnam and Secret Wars that has led to an erasure of SEAAs’ needs—shape their connections to Asian American panethnicity and decision to align with alternative identities. At stake in this study is our capacity to recognize individuals’ agency to challenge racial boundaries and assert identities that they find meaningful. In addition, I examine how SEAAs situate themselves within our broader racial structure and harness their identities to connect with other people of color.
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Hasnain, Rooshey, Glenn T. Fujiura, John E. Capua, Tuyen Thi Thanh Bui, and Safiy Khan. "Disaggregating the Asian “Other”: Heterogeneity and Methodological Issues in Research on Asian Americans with Disabilities." Societies 10, no. 3 (July 28, 2020): 58. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/soc10030058.
Full textAbstract:
Asian Americans comprise the fastest growing racial or ethnic group in the US. Between 2000 and 2019, their numbers almost doubled, from 11.9 million to 22.2 million. The numbers of people with disabilities within this demographically important population, which are also growing, puts stress on the service delivery sector. This situation indicates a pressing need for research on lived experiences of disabled Asian Americans. A review of the extant literature shows that Asian Americans are underrepresented in the research on disability and/or mental health. This lack of hard data is compounded by the tendency to treat Asian ethnicities as monolithic. The US Census Bureau recognizes more than 20 distinct Asian nationalities, ranging from South Asian Pakistani Americans to Southeast Asian Americans. Aggregating all Asian Americans together in surveys and studies impedes a sophisticated understanding of their unique needs and strengths. From a policy or systems perspective, inadequate data representation in the research literature, including outdated conclusions, is an implicit form of disenfranchisement. This conceptual article examines issues and implications around the lack of systematic attention to diversity within the Asian American population in disability research.
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Cho, Dalnim, Beverly Gor, Mike Hernandez, and Curtis A. Pettaway. "Abstract A094: Ethnic differences in indicators of prostate health among Asian American men." Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention 32, no. 1_Supplement (January 1, 2023): A094. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7755.disp22-a094.
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Abstract Background: Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most diagnosed non-skin cancer in American men. While Asian Americans have lower incidence and mortality rates of PCa compared to other ethnicities, this cancer type nonetheless has a significant burden on this population. Specifically, population-based studies have shown that when data on PCa in Asian Americans are disaggregated based on ethnicity, several subgroups of Asian American men, in fact, are more likely to be diagnosed with advanced (i.e., more aggressive or metastatic) PCa than non-Hispanic Whites. The heightened rates of advanced PCa at diagnosis among Asian American subgroups highlights the importance of reducing modifiable risk factors, such as smoking and obesity, and promoting early detection in these subgroups. Objective: Accordingly, to better understand and improve prostate health among Asian American men, the present study investigated within group differences in obesity and smoking, two known risk factors for advanced PCa incidence, along with previous history of PCa screening, between three large Asian American ethnic groups: Vietnamese, South Asian (Asian Indian/Pakistani), and Chinese in Houston, Texas. Methods: From 2003 to 2008, the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center conducted a prostate screening project targeting minority men with low income, in which over 500 Asian American men (142 Chinese, 251 Vietnamese, and 128 South Asians) participated. The community-based program provided an educational session on PCa and participants were offered free prostate screening using the prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test and/or digital rectal examination (DRE). Along with socio-demographic and clinical variables, risk factors for advanced PCa (smoking, and obesity), and previous PCa screening history were collected, and differences across the Asian subgroups were examined. Results: Vietnamese men had the highest smoking rate of the three Asian subgroups (52% reported as former/current smokers) and the lowest previous PCa screening rate (15.9% compared to 25.4% of Chinese and 18.8% of South Asian). South Asian men had the highest obesity rate of the three Asian subgroups (12.9% were obese compared to 3.4% of Vietnamese and 4.8% of Chinese). Chinese men had the highest mean PSA and the highest percentage (15.5%) of PSA results ≥ 4 compared to Vietnamese and South Asian men. Chinese men also had the highest percentage (22.4%) of abnormal findings in DRE, compared to Vietnamese (6.6%) and South Asian men (4.8%). Discussion: This study demonstrates that subgroups of Asian Americans may have different PCa risk profiles, nullifying the assumption that all Asian American men are at low risk for the disease. Thus, aggregation of Asian American subgroups may mask meaningful differences in their prostate health. Interventions may need to be tailored to specific Asian subgroups given the heterogeneity of the data based on Asian heritage. Citation Format: Dalnim Cho, Beverly Gor, Mike Hernandez, Curtis A. Pettaway. Ethnic differences in indicators of prostate health among Asian American men [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 15th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2022 Sep 16-19; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2022;31(1 Suppl):Abstract nr A094.
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Wu, Tsu-Yin, Olivia Ford, Alice Jo Rainville, Xining Yang, Chong Man Chow, Sarah Lally, Rachel Bessire, and Jessica Donnelly. "Perceptions of COVID-19 Vaccine, Racism, and Social Vulnerability: An Examination among East Asian Americans, Southeast Asian Americans, South Asian Americans, and Others." Vaccines 10, no. 8 (August 17, 2022): 1333. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10081333.
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As COVID-19 vaccines are readily available and most U.S. adults who are enthusiastic about the vaccine have received it, motivating those who have not been vaccinated to accept it has become a challenge. The purpose of this study was to understand the mechanisms behind COVID-19 vaccine acceptance in Asian American ethnic groups, including how sociodemographic characteristics and racism predict COVID-19 and vaccine perceptions. The study also examined associations between social vulnerability and COVID-19 and vaccine perceptions. Social vulnerability is defined as the degree to which a community is able to prepare and respond to a natural or man-made disaster. This cross-sectional study used community-based survey data collected from April to September 2021. Study measures included demographics, perceptions of COVID-19 and COVID-19 vaccines, and racism-related experiences. The results showed that, compared to Non-Asians, East Asians reported that they had significantly more challenges accessing COVID-19 vaccines, and South Asians reported significantly higher safety concerns about COVID-19 vaccines. Our study also found that racism experience mediates the association between race/ethnicity and safety concerns about COVID-19 vaccines. Three Asian subgroups (East Asians, South Asians, and Southeast Asians) experienced more racism (compared to Non-Asians), and more experience of racism was related to greater safety concerns. Geographical Information System (GIS) maps revealed that residents of lower social vulnerability index (SVI) areas reported fewer unfairness perceptions and that higher SVI areas had lower vaccine accessibility and trust in public health agencies. Our study advances the understanding of racism, social vulnerability, and COVID-19 vaccine-related perceptions among Asian Americans. The findings have implications for policymakers and community leaders with respect to tailoring COVID-19 program efforts for socially vulnerable populations and Asian American groups that experience greater challenges regarding vaccine safety concerns and accessibility.
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Misra, Supriya, Laura C. Wyatt, Jennifer A. Wong, Cindy Y. Huang, Shahmir H. Ali, Chau Trinh-Shevrin, Nadia S. Islam, Stella S. Yi, and Simona C. Kwon. "Determinants of Depression Risk among Three Asian American Subgroups in New York City." Ethnicity & Disease 30, no. 4 (September 24, 2020): 553–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.18865/ed.30.4.553.
Full textAbstract:
Objective: Although the fastest growing minority group, Asian Americans receive little attention in mental health research. Moreover, aggregated data mask further diversity within Asian Americans. This study aimed to examine depression risk by detailed Asian American subgroup, and further assess determinants within and between three Asian ethnic subgroups.Methods: Needs assessment surveys were collected in 16 Asian American subgroups (six Southeast Asian, six South Asian, and four East Asian) in New York City from 2013-2016 using community-based sampling strategies. A final sample of N=1,532 completed the PHQ-2. Bivariate comparisons and multivariable logistic models explored differences in depression risk by subgroup.Results: Southeast Asians had the greatest depression risk (19%), followed by South Asians (11%) and East Asians (9%). Among Southeast Asians, depression risk was associated with lacking health insurance (OR=.2, 95% CI: 0-.6), not having a provider who speaks the same language (OR=3.2, 95% CI: 1.3-8.0), and lower neighborhood social cohesion (OR= .94, 95% CI: .71-.99). Among South Asians, depression risk was associated with greater English proficiency (OR=3.9, 95% CI: 1.6-9.2); and among East Asians, depression risk was associated with ≤ high school education (OR=4.2, 95% CI: 1.2-14.3). Additionally, among Southeast Asians and South Asians, the highest depression risk was associated with high levels of discrimination (Southeast Asian: OR=9.9, 95% CI: 1.8-56.2; South Asian: OR=7.3, 95% CI: 3.3-16.2).Conclusions: Depression risk and determinants differed by Asian American ethnic subgroup. Identifying factors associated with depression risk among these groups is key to targeting limited public health resources for these underserved communities. Ethn Dis. 2020;30(4):553-562; doi:10.18865/ed.30.4.553