Journal articles on the topic 'South Africa Critical'
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1
Njotini, Mzukisi Niven. "Protecting Critical Databases – Towards a Risk Based Assessment of Critical Information Infrastructures (CIIS) in South Africa." Potchefstroom Electronic Law Journal/Potchefstroomse Elektroniese Regsblad 16, no. 1 (April 26, 2017): 450. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/1727-3781/2013/v16i1a2318.
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South Africa has made great strides towards protecting critical information infrastructures (CIIs). For example, South Africa recognises the significance of safeguarding places or areas that are essential to the national security of South Africa or the economic and social well-being of South African citizens. For this reason South Africa has established mechanisms to assist in preserving the integrity and security of CIIs. The measures provide inter alia for the identification of CIIs; the registration of the full names, address and contact details of the CII administrators (the persons who manage CIIs); the identification of the location(s) of CIIs or their component parts; and the outlining of the general descriptions of information or data stored in CIIs. It is argued that the measures to protect CIIs in South Africa are inadequate. In particular, the measures rely on a one-size-fits-all approach to identify and classify CIIs. For this reason the South African measures are likely to lead to the adoption of a paradigm that considers every infrastructure, data or database, regardless of its significance or importance, to be key or critical.
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Govender, Doraval, and Krisandren Pillay. "Policing in South Africa: A Critical Evaluation." Insight on Africa 14, no. 1 (October 28, 2021): 40–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/09750878211048169.
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High crime rates, use of violence by criminals, police brutality, corruption, rape by police officials and other forms of criminal misconduct against the police including the centralisation of specific specialised functions of policing, which was tantamount to taking away policing from the people at police station level, are some of the allegations which affects the image of the police as a legitimate organisation. Much of these allegations levelled by the community and the mass media are directed at the external and internal environments of the police. The aim of this article is to critically evaluate policing in South Africa, so that respect for the country and its citizens can be restored. For this discussion, the researcher collected qualitative information by means of a literature study and drew on his personal experience as a former senior police officer with the South African Police Service (SAPS). Prior to 1994, the call was for the rationalisation, restructuring and amalgamation of the police into a single police service that would enjoy legitimacy among all the communities of South Africa. Although the country embraced a new democratic dispensation in 1994, very little was done to implement transformational policies and processes to bring about systemic change in policing. A need for the change of the functioning of the police service in South Africa was identified, so that police officers may perform their role within the context of democratic principles and restore respect for the country and its citizens.
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Henama, Unathi Sonwabile, and Portia Pearl Siyanda Sifolo. "Tourism Migration in South Africa." International Journal of Innovation in the Digital Economy 8, no. 1 (January 2017): 47–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijide.2017010103.
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This article explores the tourism migration within the South African context, thereby focusing on the current dynamics, challenges and future prospects. Tourism and migration are significant towards globalisation. Almost all countries have jumped on the tourism bandwagon as a result of the positive economic benefits that include improving the balance of payments, attracting foreign exchange, and increasing state coffers through the taxation of non-residents. South Africa has also adopted tourism into the developmental policies. Although Africa's share of the global tourism market remains less than 10%, the continental bodies such as the African Union under the wing NEPAD recognises that tourism and migration as an important factor to societies. This paper adopts the content analysis to address the tourism migration, dynamics, challenges and future prospects as a critical phenomenon. Tourism has deep characteristics of a plantation economy that does not benefit the majority of the societies, particularly in South Africa. Despite being a geographical dispersed country, the tourism industry in South Africa faces numerous challenges such as the integration of Black South Africans as product owners; reported high rates of crimes, lack of integration of locals in the tourism industry, the lack of aviation competition, paucity of ports of entry, and most recently the cyber-crime and the visa regulations etc. However, South African tourism remains resilient as a major destination due to its fauna and flora and increasing market niches are developing such as adventure tourism, health tourism and volunteer tourism. South Africa plans to be one of the top 20 destinations by 2020; steps are in place to ensure that South Africa achieves this objective.
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Paret, Marcel. "Critical Nostalgias in Democratic South Africa." Sociological Quarterly 59, no. 4 (August 15, 2018): 678–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00380253.2018.1506689.
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Worsfold, Brian. "Eurocentrism in hybridity : a critique of Charles Van Onselen's "The Seed is Mine: the life of Kas Maine, a South African Sharecropper 1894-1985"." Journal of English Studies 2 (May 29, 2000): 171. http://dx.doi.org/10.18172/jes.59.
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For decades, contributors to the literary discourses of South Africa, writers, critics and commentators alike, worked to end apartheid. Now that apartheid is over, new discourses must evolve. For this reason, at this critical time of transition, all literary works coming out of South Africa are crucial to the continuity of South African literatures. Charles van Onselen's work would be a remarkable social history at any time but, coming as it does in the immediate post-apartheid period, it takes on a special relevance. This fictionalised social history which records the survival of a MaSotho peasant farmer in the western Transvaal during the pre-apartheid and apartheid periods gives a unique insight into an area of human existence that remains virtually unrecorded and only touched on in Sol T. Plaatje's Native Life in South Africa, written in 1910. This minutely-documented account of Kas Maine's story reflects the human condition of the Black population in rural South Africa as the screws of proxy European colonisation are tightened by South Africa's neo-colonialists. More significantly, van Onselen reconstructs the rural Black South African man whom apartheid not only degraded but also concealed from view. To what extent, however, is this reconstruction that of a White South African and what are his reasons for producing a model at this moment in South Africa's history?
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Worsfold, Brian. "Eurocentrism in hybridity : a critique of Charles Van Onselen's "The Seed is Mine: the life of Kas Maine, a South African Sharecropper 1894-1985"." Journal of English Studies 2 (May 29, 2000): 171. http://dx.doi.org/10.18172/jes.65.
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For decades, contributors to the literary discourses of South Africa, writers, critics and commentators alike, worked to end apartheid. Now that apartheid is over, new discourses must evolve. For this reason, at this critical time of transition, all literary works coming out of South Africa are crucial to the continuity of South African literatures. Charles van Onselen's work would be a remarkable social history at any time but, coming as it does in the immediate post-apartheid period, it takes on a special relevance. This fictionalised social history which records the survival of a MaSotho peasant farmer in the western Transvaal during the pre-apartheid and apartheid periods gives a unique insight into an area of human existence that remains virtually unrecorded and only touched on in Sol T. Plaatje's Native Life in South Africa, written in 1910. This minutely-documented account of Kas Maine's story reflects the human condition of the Black population in rural South Africa as the screws of proxy European colonisation are tightened by South Africa's neo-colonialists. More significantly, van Onselen reconstructs the rural Black South African man whom apartheid not only degraded but also concealed from view. To what extent, however, is this reconstruction that of a White South African and what are his reasons for producing a model at this moment in South Africa's history?
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Birkhead, Michael, Margaret Sutherland, and Tudor Maxwell. "Core competencies required of project managers." South African Journal of Business Management 31, no. 3 (September 30, 2000): 99–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajbm.v31i3.739.
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Project management is internationally recognised as a management tool that is critical for success in the current work environment. In South Africa, initiatives are under way to produce internationally acceptable education and certification standards for the profession. The aim of this study is to identify the competencies and training needs required of project managers operating in South Africa's unique context. A questionnaire based on both previous international studies and personal interviews was administered by e-mail to members of the Project Management Institute of South Africa. Data was received from 128 respondents operating primarily in information technology, construction and engineering fields across the country. The results of the survey establish a rank ordered list of the competencies and training needs of South African project managers, and confirm that project management competencies are generic in nature. The findings are unique to South Africa, and proffer a set of core competencies which has important implications for the certification and training of South African project managers.
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Lose, Thobekani, Robertson K. Tengeh, Eugine Tafadzwa Maziriri, and Nkosivile Welcome Madinga. "Exploring the critical factors that hinder the growth of incubatees in South Africa." Problems and Perspectives in Management 14, no. 3 (November 10, 2016): 698–704. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/ppm.14(3-3).2016.13.
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In as much as entrepreneurial action fosters job creation and economic growth, entrepreneurs encounter the significant risk of failure, and community bears the brunt. Though business incubators were designed to provide support and hope to ailing businesses, evidence suggests that not all on these programs succeed. Going on the assumption that even businesses on incubation programs do not seem to be immune to failure, this study sought to determine the key factors that hinder the growth of incubatees in South Africa. Adopting a quantitative approach, the questionnaire was utilized as the primary data collection tool, and the snowball sampling method was employed resulting in a sample size of 93 respondents. The research participants for this study were limited to firms that were registered on the databases of two business incubators who promote small business development strategy and programs in Cape Town and Johannesburg, respectively. The findings indicated that lack of funding, lack of credit facility, competition, crime, lack of access to external market, lack of business skills and lack of product selection and design were the key factors that hinder the growth of incubatees. Given the substantial resources invested in business incubation programs, the fact that business incubators are entrepreneurial ventures in themselves, understanding and finding sustainable solutions to the factors that hinder the growth of their clients (incubatees) would be a win-win solution for the relevant stakeholders. Keywords: business incubatees, business incubators, entrepreneurship, growth, South Africa. JEL Classification: M1, L84
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James, Sule Ameh. "CRITICAL DISCOURSE OF AFRICAN VERNACULAR ROOTED IMAGERIES IN PITIKA NTULI’S SCULPTURES." ARTis ON, no. 9 (December 26, 2019): 140–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.37935/aion.v0i9.246.
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My paper presents a critical discourse on African vernacular rooted imageries in the contemporary sculptures of Ntuli, the ideas they convey to viewers and how Africanness is indicated in each depiction produced between 2007 and 2016. I read Ntuli’s contemporary sculptures as African vernacular rooted because he appropriates in them cultural imageries from engagement with African contexts. Five images of his sculptures and installations were purposively selected for thematic and visual analysis. I adopt visual hermeneutics theory, formal analysis and cultural history methods for the reading of each work. The narrative reveals that Ntuli’s vernacular imageries reflects black South African men and a woman rooted in past and present socio-political events in South Africa. The thematic interpretations of the imageries reveal ideas on massacre not merely during apartheid but in post-apartheid South Africa, torture of victims detained without trial, anti-racialism and reflection on a historical hero from Zulu culture.
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Gordon, Colette. "Critical Conditions: Reviewing Shakespeare in South Africa." Cahiers Élisabéthains 81, no. 1 (January 1, 2012): 117–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.7227/ce.spiss12.18.
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Buga, Edward Chandia, Gladness Dakalo Nethathe, and Lufuno Rudo Mathivha. "Obstetric critical care services in South Africa." South African Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology 21, no. 1 (May 21, 2015): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.7196/sajog.954.
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Scribante, Juan, Shelley Schmollgruber, and Elzabé Nel. "Perspectives on critical care nursing: South Africa." Connect: The World of Critical Care Nursing 3, no. 4 (December 2004): 111–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/1748-6254.3.4.111.
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Naidu, Sam. "Crime Fiction, South Africa: A Critical Introduction." Current Writing 25, no. 2 (October 2013): 124–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1013929x.2013.833416.
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B. Rapanyane, Makhura. "Women in Trouble? A Critical Reflection on the Major Hindrances to Addressing Gender Based Violence in South Africa." African Journal of Gender, Society and Development (formerly Journal of Gender, Information and Development in Africa) 10, no. 4 (December 1, 2021): 209–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.31920/2634-3622/2021/v10n4a10.
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Gender-Based Violence (GBV) is a global phenomenon affecting various countries including South Africa. Contextually, it is any violent act committed against the will of women and girls because of their gender and negatively affects their psychological and physical health and development. In South Africa, statistics are worrisome. It is in this context that this article explores GBV in South Africa from an Afrocentric point of view. It is argued that there are various legal frameworks that were instigated to do away with GBV, although there are still various societal and systemic hindrances to the progressive eradication of GBV in South Africa. The Afrocentric theoretical approach was adopted in this article as the issue at hand is a South African problem. By deploying a qualitative research approach as document analysis, the author provides a comprehensive analysis of the current level of GBV and presents policy recommendations to deal with GBV in South Africa.
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Oyedeji, Gideon Abioye, and Nabila Idoko Idris. "A critical discourse analysis of selected news reports of South Africa xenophobic attacks of Nigerians." Integrity Journal of Arts and Humanities 2, no. 3 (October 30, 2021): 62–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.31248/ijah2021.034.
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The incessant xenophobic attacks of Nigerians and other foreign nationals in South Africa have generated a unique discourse in the Nigerian media and in fact, other mainstream media on the African continent and international scene. These attacks are viewed by the international community as incompatible with 21st century civility. This paper therefore, engages the reports of selected news media in Nigeria, South African and other media houses with a view to explicating the ideologies that underpin each report seeing through the insight of Van Dijk, Norman Fairclough and Ruth Wodak’s models of Critical Discourse Analysis. A total of 10 report on the 2015-2019 xenophobia were purposively selected from the online outlets of these media houses. The study therefore found that the use of language by the Nigerian media shows that the polarisation tilted towards emphasising the positive ‘in-group’ description of the heinous acts visited on innocent Nigerians in South Africa whereas the South African and other news media brought to perspective the negative ‘out-group’ description of “some” Nigerians who are engaged in illegal businesses in their South Africa. The lexical choices contribute in significant ways to show the ideologies each reporters represent. The study submits that, these attacks by South Africans on fellow African Nationals are nefarious, iniquitous, atrocious and roguish perhaps because of their colonial experience.
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de Villiers, D. Etienne. "Public Theology and the Present Debate on Whiteness in the Democratic South Africa." International Journal of Public Theology 12, no. 1 (April 23, 2018): 5–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15697320-12341520.
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Abstract During the last decade there has been an intense public debate in the South African society on the issue of ‘whiteness’ or ‘whiteliness’. In this article the challenges whiteness and the debate surrounding it pose for practitioners of public theology in South Africa are explored. In the first part some of the origins of the debate on whiteness, as well as some of the main features of whiteness researchers identify, are traced. In the second part a brief sketch is provided of two different kinds of critical response to whiteness in the present South African society, namely critical responses to structural whiteness and critical responses of a more personal nature. In the third part the challenges the present debate on whiteness pose to public theology in South Africa are identified and discussed.
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Waghid, Yusef. "On the Possibility of Cultivating Justice through Teaching and Learning: An Argument for Civic Reconciliation in South Africa." Policy Futures in Education 3, no. 2 (June 2005): 132–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.2304/pfie.2005.3.2.2.
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In this article the author explores possibilities for cultivating justice with reference to teaching and learning in (South African) universities. It is argued that teachers and learners ought to become responsive, democratic and critical – they need to act justly in order to break with South Africa's apartheid legacy. The author discusses why readiness, deliberation and responsibility – acts of justice – ought to unfold in South African university classrooms and, more importantly, how each characteristic can potentially engender responsiveness, democracy and criticism respectively. Finally, some of the implications of justice through teaching and learning for civic reconciliation in South Africa are explored. The author shows how a responsive (compassionate), democratic (deliberative) and critical (restive) disposition on the part of individuals can offer hope for enhancing civic reconciliation after decades of apartheid rule.
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Michell, K., A. Moghayedi, P. Tzortzopoulos, and B. Okundaye. "Systematic review of critical success factors for developing an Afro-centric neighbourhood sustainability assessment framework." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1101, no. 2 (November 1, 2022): 022012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1101/2/022012.
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Abstract Cities across South Africa are predominantly characterised by multiple forms of poverty, growing inequality, environmental degradation, slums and informal settlements, social and economic exclusion, and spatial segregation. These challenges present significant hurdles in planning for and coping with rapid population growth, urbanisation and protecting communities against natural and human-made disasters. This project aims to address the lack of local neighbourhood sustainability assessment (NSA) frameworks to improve the inclusivity, sustainability and connectivity of communities in South Africa. The existing NSA tools promote a specific type of urban development that effectively excludes marginalised communities and is not entirely suited to South African communities’ economic, socio-cultural, and environmental context. To achieve this, seven major assessment tools across the global North and South are selected and scrutinised using content analysis to identify and catalogue the critical success factors (CSFs) for enabling inclusive, smart, sustainable communities in South Africa using existing knowledge on neighbourhood assessment tools and relevant literature. The result is a proposed structure of four categories and 86 CSFs for the Afro-centric NSA framework that can address the challenges encountered in South African marginalised communities.
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Shai, Kgothatso Brucely, and Olusola Ogunnubi. "[South] Africa's Health System and Human Rights: A Critical African Perspective." Journal of Economics and Behavioral Studies 10, no. 1(J) (March 15, 2018): 69–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.22610/jebs.v10i1(j).2090.
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For more than two decades, 21st March has been canonised and celebrated among South Africans as Human Rights Day. Earmarked by the newly democratic and inclusive South Africa, it commemorates the Sharpeville and Langa massacres. As history recorded, on the 21st March 1960, residents of Sharpeville and subsequently, Langa embarked on a peaceful anti-pass campaign led by the African National Congress (ANC) breakaway party, the Pan Africanist Congress of Azania (PAC). The pass (also known as dompas) was one of the most despised symbols of apartheid; a system declared internationally as a crime against humanity. In the post-apartheid era, it is expectedthat all South Africans enjoy and celebrate the full extent of their human rights. However, it appears that the envisaged rights are not equally enjoyed by all. This is because widening inequalities in the health-care system, in schooling, and in the lucrative sporting arena have not been amicably and irrevocably resolved. Furthermore, it is still the norm that the most vulnerable of South Africans, especially rural Africans, find it difficult, and sometimes, impossible to access adequate and even essential healthcare services. Central to the possible questions to emerge from this discourse are the following(i) What is the current state of South Africa’s health system at the turn of 23 years of its majority rule? (ii) Why is the South African health system still unable to sufficiently deliver the socioeconomic health rights of most South African people? It is against this background that this article uses a critical discourse analysis approach in its broadest form to provide a nuanced Afrocentric assessment of South Africa’s human rights record in the health sector since the year 1994. Data for this article is generated through the review of the cauldron of published and unpublished academic, official and popular literature.
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O'Sullivan, Nan Catherine, and David Hakaraia. "Book Review: Standing Items: critical pedagogies in South African art, design and architecture, edited by Brenden Gray, Shashi Cullinan Cook, Tariq Toffa and Amie Soudien." Scholarship of Teaching and Learning in the South 4, no. 2 (September 28, 2020): 244. http://dx.doi.org/10.36615/sotls.v4i2.150.
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In this review of Standing Items: critical pedagogies in South African art, design and architecture, edited by Brenden Gray, Shashi Cullinan Cook, Tariq Toffa and Amie Soudien, book reviewers Nan O’Sullivan and David Hakaraia explain how this book casts light on discussion points, awkward conversations, skewed demographics and pathways to radical change in these disciplines in South Africa.
Keywords: Critical pedagogies, South Africa, Book review, Art design and architectureHow to cite this article:O’Sullivan, N.C. & Hakaraia, D. 2020. Book review: Standing Items: critical pedagogies in South African art, design and architecture, edited by Brenden Gray, Shashi Cullinan Cook, Tariq Toffa and Amie Soudien. Scholarship of Teaching and Learning in the South. 4(2): 244-247. https://doi.org/10.36615/sotls.v4i2.150.This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
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Thomas, Adèle, and Johann S. Schonken. "Culture-specific management and the African management movement: A critical review of the literature." South African Journal of Business Management 29, no. 2 (June 30, 1998): 53–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajbm.v29i2.771.
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In recent years a school of thought has emerged in South Africa, which proposes that, along with the new political dispensation, African values and African culture should be incorporated into South African business practice. This so-called African management movement bases its assumptions and recommendations on various contemporary South African writers and also draws heavily on a theoretical model advocated by Lessem. This article argues that thinking in this field has not been empirically derived and contrasts Lessem's model to the more empirically-formulated one of Hofstede.
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Du Plessis, A. "Bernard Bekink’s Principles of South African Local Government Law." Potchefstroom Electronic Law Journal/Potchefstroomse Elektroniese Regsblad 9, no. 3 (July 5, 2017): 115. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/1727-3781/2006/v9i3a2828.
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Modern times see an increased emphasis on the importance of sound governance in and by the local sphere of government. This holds particularly true for South Africa where, since the coming into effect of the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa 1996,1 a number of objectives, critical functions and developmental duties have been laid before the door of local authorities. A comprehensive resource book on domestic local government law in South Africa has, therefore, been long-awaited. In his reference and source book entitled Principles of South African Local Government Law, Bernard Bekink makes a significant contribution to local government law and governance in South Africa.
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Mouton, Nelda, G. P. Louw, and G. Strydom. "Critical Challenges Of The South African School System." International Business & Economics Research Journal (IBER) 12, no. 1 (December 22, 2012): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.19030/iber.v12i1.7510.
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The emphasis in the new curriculum after 1996 in South Africa was placed on the transition from the traditional aims and objectives approach to Outcomes-based education (OBE) and Curriculum 2005. This paradigm shift was interpreted as a prerequisite for achievement of the vision of an internationally competitive country. When analysing the school system in South Africa it became clear that the education system was flawed, with poorly performing teachers, poor work ethics, lack of community and parental support, poor control by education authorities, poor support for teachers and very low levels of accountability. These factors further spilled over into the morale of learners and could be seen in the lack of discipline, brutal violence in schools, low moral values, truancy, absenteeism, late coming and high dropout rates from Grade 1 to Grade 12 and very poor performance in essential areas such as Mathematics and Literacy. Citizens in historically disadvantaged areas tend to become victims of poverty, gangs and drug abuse. These factors further blend with the evil of politics in South African schools which are furthermore plagued by various forms of corruption and socio-economic challenges. Eighteen years after the end of the apartheid dispensation, apartheid is still blamed by many for any real or imagined ills in society, but the reality is that there is no political will to enforce the law or to meet public expectations of accountability, efficiency and delivery. In the light hereof, recommendations are proposed that will address these challenges. The critical message of this article will convey that the fact of the matter is that learner enrolment is not the same as attendance and attendance does not imply learning. Therefore, teaching in South Africa must become a profession of preference and pride as opposed to the present very lackadaisical attitude.
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Gathogo, Julius. "Reconciliation Paradigm in the Post Colonial Africa: A Critical Analysis." Religion & Theology 19, no. 1-2 (2012): 74–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15743012-12341235.
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Abstract The article sets out to stir up the debate on reconciliation project in the post colonial Africa. As we strategise on ways and means of delivering the promise of reconstruction, there is need to pay more attention on the reconciliation for individual and society. In other words, does reconciliation mean blanket forgiveness or reparation? How can we ensure that those who looted Africa account for their misdeeds without further complicating the situation? The article is set on the premise that even though there are many paradigms in African theology of the twenty-first century, minor paradigms (refer to reconciliation, liberation, inculturation, market-theology and charismatic among others) and the dominant paradigm (refer to reconstruction) are both critical in the holistic rebuilding of the post colonial Africa. This said; it is imperative to critically assess reconciliation as an important paradigm – as it runs concurrently with other paradigms in Africa today. In particular, are the Truth, Justice and Reconciliation Commissions taking place in various countries of the tropical Africa, since Tutu’s South African sample of 1995, rooted in African cultural and religious heritage, and hence authentic? How can Africa go about her reconciliative phase?
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Ogunnubi, Olusola, and Adeoye Akinola. "South Africa and the Question of Hegemony in Africa." Journal of Developing Societies 33, no. 4 (November 8, 2017): 428–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0169796x17736583.
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This article examines the viability of mainstream neo-realist international relations scholarship for understanding regional power dynamics within Africa by offering a critical evaluation of the categorization of South Africa as a hegemonic power on the continent. Using the theoretical framework of hegemonic stability theory, it argues that there is a somewhat weak link between South Africa’s foreign policy character and its hegemonic disposition in Africa. The South African state, which is the driving force for political, economic and foreign policy processes, is itself subordinate in relation to international capital and lacks the influence expected of a regional hegemon. Despite South Africa’s development, the article demonstrates that its dependency provides the theoretical construct for understanding the country’s ambiguous hegemonic projection. This analytical framework captures the crux of the “hegemonic debate” as well as other conversations in relation to the adaptation of the concept of hegemony to Africa. Therefore, any application of the hegemonic discourse to South Africa necessarily requires a deeper understanding that takes cognizance of the fact that country’s regional hegemony operates within the orbit of a dependent-development paradigm in the global economic order, a neo-liberal order that continues to deepen Africa’s dependency syndrome. Dependency, as well as other complexities, impedes the reality of South Africa’s hegemonic ambitions in Africa.
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Gumede, Vusi, and Mduduzi Biyase. "Educational reforms and curriculum transformation in post-apartheid South Africa." Environmental Economics 7, no. 2 (June 3, 2016): 69–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/ee.07(2).2016.7.
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Educational reforms and curriculum transformation have been a priority in South Africa since the establishment of the Government of National Unity in 1994. Education is critical in redressing the injustices of apartheid colonialism which created an inequitable and fragmented education system. Factors such as school access, governance, curriculum, teacher deployment and financial resources have also gone through the education policy mill. While relatively impressive progress is observed regarding legislative interventions, policy development, curriculum reform and the implementation of new ways of delivering education, many challenges remain. Key among the challenges relates to the quality of education, twenty two years since the dawn of democracy. To contribute to the debate on educational reforms and pertaining to the quality of education, the paper discusses the various curriculum reforms of South Africa’s education sector and provides a brief evaluation of the trends in policies affecting equity and quality in the South African education environment. The paper finds that the quality of education is critical for many reasons
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Painter, Thomas M. "From warrior to migrants: critical perspectives on early migrations among the Zarma of Niger." Africa 58, no. 1 (January 1988): 87–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1159872.
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Opening ParagraphIn 1956 the Journal de la Société des Africanistes published a monograph-length paper by Jean Rouch entitled ‘Migrations au Ghana (Gold Coast: enquête 1953–1955)’ (Rouch, 1956). The paper was one of several publications during the 1950s and 1960s based on studies by Rouch and other researchers who participated in what was probably the largest study ever of West African migrations, financed by the Commission for Technical Cooperation in Africa South of the Sahara and the Scientific Council for Africa South of the Sahara (CCTA/CSA).
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Fotso, Bakam, and E. I. Edoun. "Critical Assessment of Banking Institutions in South Africa." Journal of Economics and Behavioral Studies 9, no. 2(J) (May 18, 2017): 6–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.22610/jebs.v9i2(j).1646.
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Banks play an important role in a country’s economy through investments, deposits and withdrawals. Many banking products are sold to clients to meet their financial needs and obligations. Their performances are therefore very critical in supporting socio economic development. Financial institutions still facing challenges linked to the lack of financial previsions through the use of financial tool that allows preventing financial distress. Banks are not always well-managed because managers lack capacity and the sound knowledge in dealing effectively with the analysis of risk and return and decision-making. The current study highlights and gives orientations on key performance indicators that bank can use to manage their financial conditions in advance in a sustainable manner. The major objective of this research is to critically assess the South African banks performance using Financial Ratio Analysis (FRA)and descriptive statistics through comparative financial statement analysis form 2010 to 2013 between“ the big four†South African banks. In using correlational analysis, the study aim to establish the link between exogenous and endogenous variables of bank performance. The results showed that FirstRand bank was the best achiever with a higher level of performance following by Standard bank, then Absa and Nedbank. Furthermore, it appears that there is a strong relationship between bank performance and bank size because the volume of assets represents the bigger source of bank incomes. This study opens door to further study including both large and small banks and a comparative analysis between two research methods. The paper is divided into five major sections.
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Fotso, Bakam, and E. I. Edoun. "Critical Assessment of Banking Institutions in South Africa." Journal of Economics and Behavioral Studies 9, no. 2 (May 18, 2017): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.22610/jebs.v9i2.1646.
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Banks play an important role in a country’s economy through investments, deposits and withdrawals. Many banking products are sold to clients to meet their financial needs and obligations. Their performances are therefore very critical in supporting socio economic development. Financial institutions still facing challenges linked to the lack of financial previsions through the use of financial tool that allows preventing financial distress. Banks are not always well-managed because managers lack capacity and the sound knowledge in dealing effectively with the analysis of risk and return and decision-making. The current study highlights and gives orientations on key performance indicators that bank can use to manage their financial conditions in advance in a sustainable manner. The major objective of this research is to critically assess the South African banks performance using Financial Ratio Analysis (FRA)and descriptive statistics through comparative financial statement analysis form 2010 to 2013 between“ the big four” South African banks. In using correlational analysis, the study aim to establish the link between exogenous and endogenous variables of bank performance. The results showed that FirstRand bank was the best achiever with a higher level of performance following by Standard bank, then Absa and Nedbank. Furthermore, it appears that there is a strong relationship between bank performance and bank size because the volume of assets represents the bigger source of bank incomes. This study opens door to further study including both large and small banks and a comparative analysis between two research methods. The paper is divided into five major sections.
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Pechey, Graham. "Post‐apartheid reason: Critical theory in South Africa." Current Writing 10, no. 2 (January 1998): 3–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1013929x.1998.9678040.
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Klugman, Barbara. "Population policy in South Africa: A critical perspective." Development Southern Africa 8, no. 1 (February 1991): 19–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03768359108439567.
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Francis, David, and Edward Webster. "Poverty and inequality in South Africa: critical reflections." Development Southern Africa 36, no. 6 (September 16, 2019): 788–802. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0376835x.2019.1666703.
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Madonsela, Sanet. "Critical Reflections on State Capture in South Africa." Insight on Africa 11, no. 1 (December 4, 2018): 113–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0975087818805888.
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Institutionalised state corruption has morphed into a phenomenon entitled state capture in South Africa. State capture is the repurposing of the country’s institutions towards private individual interests. In the process public interest is jettisoned in favour of private material gain for select connected individuals in the private and public sector. The issue of state capture dominated public debate about the future of governance in South Africa after the former Public Protector, Thuli Madonsela’s report titled State of Capture was released in late 2016. This document highlights how the Zuma-Gupta patronage network used state companies to enrich themselves. While some believe state capture to be a fairly new phenomenon, many analyst argue that it had been part of the dealings of the ruling party for years. It could be argued that it started post-1994, after the state adopted a variety of policies to re-allocate resources across a broad sector. This included incentives for black industries and Black Economic Empowerment strategies. This radical economic empowerment meant controlling the height of the economy instead of creating black-owned small and medium-size enterprises. With that in mind, this article seeks to provide critical reflections of state capture in South Africa.
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London, L., and J. E. Myers. "Critical issues for agrichemical safety in South Africa." American Journal of Industrial Medicine 27, no. 1 (January 1995): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajim.4700270102.
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Green, Tiffany L., and Amos C. Peters. "Region of Birth and Child Mortality among Black Migrants to South Africa: Is there a foreign-born advantage?" Migration Letters 13, no. 3 (September 1, 2016): 359–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.33182/ml.v13i3.289.
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Much of the existing evidence for the healthy immigrant advantage comes from developed countries. We investigate whether an immigrant health advantage exists in South Africa, an important emerging economy. Using the 2001 South African Census, this study examines differences in child mortality between native-born South African and immigrant blacks. We find that accounting for region of origin is critical: immigrants from southern Africa are more likely to experience higher lifetime child mortality compared to the native-born population. Further, immigrants from outside of southern Africa are less likely than both groups to experience child deaths. Finally, in contrast to patterns observed in developed countries, we detect a strong relationship between schooling and child mortality among black immigrants.
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Chasi, Samia. "South Africa’s Policy Framework for Higher Education Internationalisation." Thinker 89, no. 4 (November 6, 2021): 30–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.36615/thethinker.v89i4.687.
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This article critically discusses the Policy Framework for Internationalisation of Higher Education in South Africa, as adopted by the South African government in late 2020. Using a decolonial lens, it adds a critical voice to public discourse on the country’s first national policy for higher education internationalisation. The article argues that the Policy Framework needs to engage more vigorously with decolonisation as one of the most pertinent issues affecting higher education in South Africa today. It offers perspectives on what shifting the geography and biography of knowledge means in the context of the Policy Framework, thus opening up the possibility of moving South Africa from being primarily a receiver to a creator of internationalisation knowledge and practice.
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Maas, Gideon J. P., and Mike Herrington. "The Role of HEIs in an Entrepreneurial Renaissance in South Africa." Industry and Higher Education 25, no. 4 (August 2011): 225–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.5367/ihe.2011.0047.
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For decades, entrepreneurs have been identified as critical change agents in socio-economic development. It is probably safe to say that some countries have had more success than others in the promotion of entrepreneurship; and in that context it can be argued that South Africa's successes are not yet clear. The promotion of entrepreneurship through the involvement of higher education institutions (HEIs) is by no means an easy task, but they have an important role to play. Although South African HEIs are focusing on various elements of entrepreneurship promotion, there is no clear evidence of an integrated effort from HEIs to develop entrepreneurial skills and activity. The authors argue that without such an integrated effort entrepreneurship development in South Africa is likely to be constrained.
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Barbosa Filho, Evandro Alves, and Ana Cristina de Souza Vieira. "ANALISANDO A TRANSIÇÃO DA ÁFRICA DO SUL À DEMOCRACIA: neoliberalismo, transformismo e restauração capitalista." Revista de Políticas Públicas 24, no. 1 (June 24, 2020): 328. http://dx.doi.org/10.18764/2178-2865.v24n1p328-346.
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Desde 1994 a África do Sul pôs fim à sua estrutura oficial de segregação, baseada na ultra exploração da força de trabalho negra e na total segregação racial: o Apartheid. Embora esse sistema tenha acabado e o país seja governado pelo antigo movimento de libertação nacional, o African National Congress (ANC), as desigualdades sociais se aprofundaram. O objetivo deste artigo é analisar os processos políticos que condicionaram a transição Sul-africana do Apartheid à democracia. A pesquisa tem natureza qualitativa e foi realizada por meio de revisão bibliográfica da sociologia crítica sulafricana, da análise de documentos oficiais e na análise crítica de discurso. O estudo identificou que a transição à democracia foi tutelada pela mais rica fração da burguesia sul-africana e viabilizada pelo ANC, que aderiu às ideologias neoliberais.Palavras-chave: Apartheid. África do Sul. Transição. Neoliberalismo.ANALYZING SOUTH AFRICA'S TRANSITION TO DEMOCRACY: neoliberalism, transformism and capitalist restorationAbstractSince 1994 South Africa has put an end to its official segregation structure, based on the overexploitation of the black workforce and total racial segregation: The Apartheid. Although this system is over and the country is ruled by the former national liberation movement, the African National Congress (ANC), social inequalities have deepened. This paper aims to analyze the political processes that conditioned the South African transition from Apartheid to democracy. The research has a qualitative approach and It was conducted through a bibliographical review of South African critical sociology, analysis ofofficial documents and critical discourse analysis. The study found that the transition to democracy was led by the wealthiest fraction of the South African bourgeoisie and made possible by the ANC, which adopted the neoliberal ideologies.Keywords: Apartheid. South Africa. Transition. Neoliberalism.
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Mbaya, Henry. "The Western Missionary Instituted Churches: Any room for Dialogue with the African Instituted Churches (AICs) in South Africa?" Missionalia 49 (2021): 214–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.7832/49-0-428.
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This study discusses the critical issue of the relationship between Western Missionary Instituted Churches and African culture in Southern Africa. It argues that situated in Africa, dialogue between Western Missionary Instituted Churches and African culture is not an option but rather a matter of necessity in light of their missionary mandate. The necessity for dialogue with African culture has since the 1950s and 1960s been demonstrated by African Initiated Churches’ successful attempts of appropriating critical elements of African culture and values. This development demonstrates that the African context is dynamic with traditions which can enrich the Western Missionary Instituted Churches self-understanding and therefore make them capable of doing mission contextually and ipso facto more relevantly. The article argues that the concept of relationship in the form of a family can enrich the Western Missionary Instituted Churches’ self-understanding and the manner which it can engage mission. An ecclesiology centred on the African concept of family constitutes a key principle for missional praxis in Africa.
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Whiston, Thomas G. "The Higher Educational and Industrial Challenges Facing South Africa." Industry and Higher Education 9, no. 2 (April 1995): 105–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/095042229500900206.
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South Africa, following the dismantling of Apartheid, now faces enormous educational, industrial and economic challenges. Simultaneously it must address gargantuan social and infrastructural problems, attend to the most urgent basic needs while also encouraging significant economic growth. The author has recently completed an extensive survey and analysis of the South African higher education challenge within the context of the critical, social, industrial and environmental dilemmas which must be ameliorated. In this article, he provides an overview of the problems to be faced and suggests a national policy agenda to address those challenges and dilemmas. In one sense the South African ‘dilemma’ is a microcosm of the global ‘North–South’ divide.
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Wahutu, J. Siguru. "‘In the case of Africa in general, there is a tendency to exaggerate’: representing mass atrocity in Africa." Media, Culture & Society 39, no. 6 (February 13, 2017): 919–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0163443717692737.
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Based on an analysis of print media and journalists’ interviews, this article examines the representation of atrocity and mass violence in Africa. It specifically focuses on the atrocities in Darfur and Rwanda and compares African and Western coverage of them. It argues that since representations (just as the knowledge that anchors them) are highly dependent on one’s social location, it is necessary to understand multiple representations of the same atrocity. Although the literature on representation of Africa has been critical of Western representations of Africa, this article argues that including African representations of the same provides for a more nuanced understanding. It uses interview data from Kenya and South Africa, both of which have had peacekeeping engagements in Sudan. Kenya and South Africa also have media fields that are more robust and freer than many other countries in the continent.
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Mhlongo, Lindelwa. "A Critical Analysis of South Africa’s System of Government: From a Disjunctive System to a Synergistic System of Government." Obiter 41, no. 2 (October 1, 2020): 257–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/obiter.v41i2.9149.
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The right to vote in South Africa is one of the fundamental rights recognised by the Constitution. South Africa ran its sixth election on 8 May 2019. Since the birth of democracy in 1994, it has had four presidents, two of whom did not serve their full term in office. Former President Thabo Mbeki resigned after he was recalled for using the country’s law enforcement system to undermine Jacob Zuma’s chances of succeeding him. He resigned with nine months to go in his second term in office. Mbeki’s successor, former President Jacob Zuma, also resigned from office during his second term with 14 months to go. Several stinging criticisms were levelled against him. For example, he was accused of tribalism and being a “ruralitarian” who lacked urban sophistication to understand and lead a large economy such as South Africa. He was also accused of benefiting his family through creating business opportunities for them and directing development projects to his home village. Furthermore, his government was accused of being weak on corruption, and being easily influenced by the communists. In light of the above, the question that begs for an answer is: does the current South African system of government and electoral system provide for high-level political accountability? In answering this question, further ancillary questions are posed throughout the article. What informed the drafters of the Electoral Amendment Act 73 of 1998 to choose the current electoral system? Is it time for South Africa to review its electoral system? How can South Africa increase the level of political accountability of the President?
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Pentecost, Michelle, Berna Gerber, Megan Wainwright, and Thomas Cousins. "Critical orientations for humanising health sciences education in South Africa." Medical Humanities 44, no. 4 (November 27, 2018): 221–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/medhum-2018-011472.
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In this article, the authors make a case for the ’humanisation' and ’decolonisation' of health sciences curricula in South Africa, usingintegrationas a guiding framework.Integrationrefers to an education that is built on a consolidated conceptual framework that includes and equally values the natural or biomedical sciences as well as the humanities, arts and social sciences, respecting that all of this knowledge has value for the practice of healthcare. An integrated curriculum goes beyond add-on or elective courses in the humanities and social sciences. It is a curriculum that includes previously marginalised sources of knowledge(challenging knowledge hierarchies and decolonising curricula); addresses an appropriate intellectual self-image in health sciences education(challenging the image of the health professional); promotes understanding of history and social context, centring issues of inclusion, access and social justice(cultivating a social ethic)and finally, focuses on care and relatedness as an essential aspect of clinical work(embedding relatedness in practice). The article offers a brief historical overview of challenges in health and health sciences education in South Africa since 1994, followed by a discussion of contemporary developments in critical health sciences pedagogies and the medical and health humanities in South Africa. It then draws on examples from South Africa to outline how these four critical orientations or competencies might be applied in practice, to educate health professionals that can meet the challenges of health and healthcare in contemporary South Africa.
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Geduld, Deidre, and Heloise Sathorar. "Transforming teacher education: Using community mapping to read the word and world." Journal of Education, no. 86 (April 22, 2022): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/2520-9868/i86a02.
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The development of critical pedagogical approaches in teacher education (TE) in the South African context is imperative given the deepening crisis in the public schooling system in the country. Public discourse and debates amongst scholars suggest that education for critical citizenship and the development of substantive democracy are under threat. In order to advance education in support of substantive democracy, TE requires critical reflection and engagement with teaching practices that promote the development of citizenship for critical engagement and participation in the socioeconomic transformation of South Africa. This paper argues for the development and application of innovative approaches to teacher preparation that challenge the neoliberal attack on public education and the suppression of emancipatory practices amongst teachers. These approaches include a conscientious examination and application of community mapping as a pedagogical instrument that acquaints student teachers with, and deepens their understanding of, the contextual realities of educational experiences in poor and working-class South Africa. Drawing on case studies of community mapping, our paper argues for critical engagement in the teaching academy with the theory and practice of teacher preparation towards transformative work and an exposure to educational praxes that better prepare student teachers for a vocation that embraces the philosophies, methodologies, and ethics of critical pedagogy. The main thesis of this paper is that community mapping is a critical and transformative pedagogical tool that should be integral to teacher preparation in South Africa.
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Fletcher-Nkile, Leilanie, Busisiwe Mrara, and Olanrewaju Oladimeji. "A Phenominological Qualitative Study of Factors Influencing the Migration of South African Anaesthetists." Healthcare 10, no. 11 (October 29, 2022): 2165. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare10112165.
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Background: The anaesthetic workforce is a scarce resource in South Africa (SA), and the media frequently reports that anaesthetists are leaving the country in search of better opportunities in well-resourced countries. The aim of this study was to explore the factors influencing the migration intentions of South African anaesthetists. Methods: This study utilised a qualitative methodology in the form of virtual interviews. A total of 23 interviews were conducted on purposefully selected participants using a snowball approach. The interviews were transcribed and coded into emerging themes using MAXQDA version 2022. Thematic content analysis was subsequently performed. Results: The study found that all SA-based participants were considering emigrating, while those who had already emigrated had no plans to return to SA in the near future. Push factors prompted the consideration of emigration, and these were related to unsatisfactory living and working conditions in South Africa, such as a high level of crime and corruption, and the country’s overall poor resources and infrastructure. Destination countries were chosen based on their pull factors such as better working conditions and opportunities for professional growth. These pull factors frequently outweighed South Africa’s push factors and are therefore critical in the decision to emigrate. The main recommendations from the participants include facilitating collaboration between the public and private sectors, expanding the available sub-specialties in SA, and recognising fellowships in South African hospitals. The study participants were of the view that South African anaesthesiologists would be motivated to stay by a combination of patriotism and hope for the future. Conclusions and Policy Recommendations: The Anaesthetic workforce in South Africa is at critical risk and is unlikely to stabilise soon. Concerted efforts should be made by all concerned to explore ways of retaining the staff, considering the recommendations of the participants. Relevant key stakeholders in training and regulation of anaesthetics practice such as the Health Professions Council of South Africa, South African Society of Anaesthesiologists, and the Colleges of Medicine of South Africa should collaborate and prioritise mechanisms of monitoring emigration and intervening on modifiable professional and socio-political factors.
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Mlambo, Victor H., Toyin C. Adetiba, and Xolani Thusi. "Using Technology to Address Cross Border Crime and Illegal Migration: The Case of South Africa." Pogranicze. Polish Borderlands Studies 10, no. 3 (October 4, 2022): 205–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.25167/brs4830.
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The 1996 Constitution of South Africa includes the right of every South African to freedom and security. It is the government’s responsibility to guarantee that national security is maintained and that residents within the limits of South African borders are protected. Based on this assumption, the issue of border management and migration regulations is presumed to be critical. Poor border management and unregulated migration jeopardise national security and endanger residents’ freedom and security. This article contends that South Africa’s inadequate border control and unrestrained migration have jeopardised the country’s national security. As a result of the inadequacy of border control in South Africa, South Africans have resorted to various xenophobic actions, with many foreign nationals losing their lives in the process. This article examines the current policy responses to migration and security at border crossings and what has gone wrong in South African border management. A qualitative research technique was used to fulfil the goals of this paper.
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Yu, Tong, and Modimowabarwa Kanyane. "Inclusive Ward Delimitation in South Africa – Analysing Critical Issues." Politikon 48, no. 3 (March 29, 2021): 411–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02589346.2021.1906590.
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Kanyane and Ilorah. "The Cooperative Landscape in South Africa: Analyzing Critical Issues." Africa Today 61, no. 3 (2015): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.2979/africatoday.61.3.3.
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Wylie, Diana, and Daryl Glaser. "Politics and Society in South Africa: A Critical Introduction." Contemporary Sociology 32, no. 2 (March 2003): 218. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3089609.
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Cox, Kevin R. "Geographies, Critical and Marxist, and Lessons from South Africa." Human Geography 9, no. 3 (November 2016): 10–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/194277861600900302.
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Analysis in human geography has shown persistent tendencies of a pluralistic sort: a view of the world as the product of numerous independent and interacting forces. The advent of Marxist geography in the 1970s promised a path in a more totalizing direction. This emphasized the contradictory unity of the world, while placing production as the point both of departure and of return. The social process was conceived as a unity and its different moments as production relations. Society and space represented a further move in a pluralizing direction. Since then critical impulses in human geography have tended to be subordinated to that view. Critical human geography is a product of this. Engaging in research from the standpoint of one particular social moment – the institutional, the cultural and the discursive, among others – is emblematic. It is not enough, however, to criticize this by invoking the generalities of Marx's method. More convincing are actual empirical studies. In this paper I explore the case of South Africa prior to 1990 as a way of demonstrating how constructions of race, space, and gender, along with institutions must per necesita be interpreted as production relations and how this can shed light on particular geographies; a light, I will maintain, that is necessarily beyond the reach of critical human geography.