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Academic literature on the topic 'Sources hydrothermales peu profondes'
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Journal articles on the topic "Sources hydrothermales peu profondes"
Minic, Zoran, Valérie Serre, and Guy Hervé. "Adaptation des organismes aux conditions extrêmes des sources hydrothermales marines profondes." Comptes Rendus Biologies 329, no. 7 (July 2006): 527–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.crvi.2006.02.001.
Full textSyvitski, James P. M. "Marine Geology of Baie des Chaleurs." Géographie physique et Quaternaire 46, no. 3 (November 29, 2007): 331–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/032918ar.
Full textLions, Julie, Alain Hartmann, Anne Togola, Guillaume Duyck, Monique Fabre, and Catherine Neuwirth. "Exposition des eaux souterraines peu profondes à Escherichia coli résistant aux antibiotiques : approche hydrochimique pour identifier les sources et les voies de transfert." La Houille Blanche, no. 4 (August 2018): 5–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/lhb/2018036.
Full textSt John, Graham. "Hyperespace dans le cyberespace : DMT et méta-ritualisation." Drogues, santé et société 16, no. 2 (November 13, 2017): 76–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1041854ar.
Full textAparicio-Valdez, Luis. "La gestion empresarial en latinoamérica y su impacto en las relaciones laborales." Articles 44, no. 1 (April 12, 2005): 124–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/050476ar.
Full textGuezennec, Jean. "Les bactéries des sources hydrothermales profondes a l’origine de nouvelles molécules bioactives ?" VertigO, Volume 5 Numéro 3 (December 1, 2004). http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/vertigo.3214.
Full textGlinoer, Anthony. "Balises pour une histoire institutionnelle de la littérature prolétarienne et révolutionnaire (1920-1940)." Dossier 3, no. 1 (January 16, 2012). http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1007578ar.
Full textMcCutcheon, Steven R., and James A. Walker. "Great Mining Camps of Canada 7. The Bathurst Mining Camp, New Brunswick, Part 1: Geology and Exploration History." Geoscience Canada, October 31, 2019, 137–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.12789/geocanj.2019.46.150.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Sources hydrothermales peu profondes"
Tilliette, Chloé. "Influence du fer et autres éléments traces issus des sources hydrothermales peu profondes sur la biogéochimie marine dans le Pacifique Sud-Ouest." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023SORUS046.
Full textThe Western Tropical South Pacific Ocean has been identified as a hotspot for dinitrogen (N2) fixation by diazotrophic organisms, with some of the highest rates recorded in the global ocean. The success of these species relies on non-limiting concentrations of dissolved iron (DFe) in the photic layer of the region, whose origin remains unclear. In this thesis work, the distribution of DFe was studied along a 6100-km transect from Noumea to the gyre waters, crossing the Lau Basin and the Tonga Arc (175°E to 166°W, along 19-21°S). Combined with an optimal multiparametric water mass analysis, DFe anomalies were determined over the transect area, the most notable being present along the Tonga Arc. The results demonstrated that water masses of remote origin entering the Lau Basin could not explain the concentrations observed at the surface in this region, leading to the confident conclusion that DFe originates from shallow hydrothermal sources present along the arc. Although a non-negligeable portion of this DFe input is transported over long distances, a large majority is rapidly removed near the sources through a variety of processes highlighted by a box model. Besides iron, hydrothermal fluids are enriched in numerous other metals that may be toxic to organisms. These fluids, introduced directly into the photic layer, could have an impact on phytoplankton. Their effect was evaluated in an innovative experiment during which natural plankton communities were subjected to an enrichment gradient of hydrothermal fluids. Despite an initial toxic effect of a few days, hydrothermal inputs ultimately induced N2 fixation, productivity and organic matter export rates two to three times higher than those of the non-enriched control. This fertilizing effect probably results from the detoxification of the environment, rich in numerous potentially toxic elements, by resistant ecotypes able to produce strong ligands, such as thiols, limiting the bioavailability of certain metals. The additional supply of fertilizing elements by the fluids, in particular DFe, thus allowed the subsequent growth of the most sensitive species. These experimental results, faithfully reproducing the in-situ observations, confirm the involvement of shallow hydrothermal fluids in the high productivity observed in the region. Hydrothermal sources could be traced at different spatial and temporal scales through the deployment of drifting (for a few days, along the Tonga Arc) and fixed (for a year, along the Lau Ridge) sediment traps and through the coring of seafloor sediments at the trap deployment sites (geological time scale). Al-Fe-Mn tracing revealed that the lithogenic material exported at small and large spatial scales in the region originated from shallow and/or deep hydrothermal sources located along the Tonga Arc. This hydrothermal signature has also been detected in the seafloor sediments, particularly in the vicinity of the Lau Ridge where the presence of a major active source is strongly suspected. Finally, the similar patterns observed for the export of biological and hydrothermal particles suggest that surface production is closely linked to hydrothermal inputs into the photic layer. In conclusion, this thesis work has demonstrated the influence of shallow hydrothermal sources on the fate of trace elements, particularly iron, in the water column and seafloor sediments, and their link to biological productivity in the Western Tropical South Pacific region
Pillot, Guillaume. "Biodiversités électroactives issues de sources hydrothermales profondes." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AIXM0503/document.
Full textDeep hydrothermal vents are geologic structures formed by the infiltration of seawater into the oceanic crust, forming a hot metal-rich fluid (> 400 ° C) that precipitates to form chimneys in which an electric current flows. The purpose of the research presented here was to reveal the presence of microorganisms capable of participating in the production of this electric current or of using this electricity to live within these electrically conductive chimneys. We focused on microorganisms able to survive at high temperatures (between 60 and 95 ° C). Different interacting and electroactive microbial communities have been cultivated, allowing the building of credible hypotheses about the primary colonization of these extreme environments. These hypotheses could also be applied to theories of origin of life in a hydrothermal context
Pillot, Guillaume. "Biodiversités électroactives issues de sources hydrothermales profondes." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Aix-Marseille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AIXM0503.
Full textDeep hydrothermal vents are geologic structures formed by the infiltration of seawater into the oceanic crust, forming a hot metal-rich fluid (> 400 ° C) that precipitates to form chimneys in which an electric current flows. The purpose of the research presented here was to reveal the presence of microorganisms capable of participating in the production of this electric current or of using this electricity to live within these electrically conductive chimneys. We focused on microorganisms able to survive at high temperatures (between 60 and 95 ° C). Different interacting and electroactive microbial communities have been cultivated, allowing the building of credible hypotheses about the primary colonization of these extreme environments. These hypotheses could also be applied to theories of origin of life in a hydrothermal context
Mercier, Coraline. "De nouveaux systèmes hôtes-virus associés aux sources hydrothermales océaniques profondes." Thesis, Brest, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BRES0125/document.
Full textOur knowledge of the viral diversity associated to microorganisms inhabiting the deep-sea hydrothermal vents is still limited. Only a few studies have focused on viral abundance and impact on microbial mortality within these ecosystems. A limited number of viruses (6 bacterioviruses and 2 archaeoviruses) were isolated from these environments and characterized. Two viruses associated to hyperthermophilic anaerobic Archaea, from the Thermococcales order, have been described in our laboratory. In order to deepen our knowledge on the viral diversity of these extreme environments, we have extended our investigation to the bacterial order of Thermotogales. This order is composed of anaerobic chemoorganotrophic bacteria that are, for the most part, hyper/thermophilic. Numerous lateral gene transfers have contributed to the evolutionary history of the Thermotogales, implying the potential involvement of viruses. Here, we will report the characterization of two new siphoviruses MCV1 and MCV2 that infect two strains of Marinitoga camini. Those bacterial strains were isolated from two deep-sea hydrothermal vents sites (Menez Gwen and Lucky strike) in the Mid Atlantic Ridge. These viruses are temperate with a high basal production of virions (>107 virions/mL). Comparative genomics with MPV1, a virus isolated from M. piezophila, was performed and show that those bacterioviruses share numerous similarities. A set of “core genes” shared by all these three viruses was identified and includes proteins involved in DNA metabolism, head and tail assembly and lysogenic cycle. Shared hypothetical proteins were also identified, suggesting that these unknown proteins probably provide important functions for these viruses. Interestingly, for genes with blastp matches in Genbank, over 60% have their top matches, outside the Thermotoga, to genes from Firmicutes and bacterioviruses associated to Firmicutes. We also analyzed the genome of Thermosipho sp. 1244 and studied his CRISPR-cas system. Our results indicated that thisThermosipho strain, with a complete and functional CRISPR-cas system, had already been infected by MCV1, MCV2 or a similar virus. The analyses presented here extend our knowledges about these newly discovered viruses in the deeply branching bacterial phylum Thermotogae. This bacterial order and associated mobile genetic elements are significant for addressing long-term evolutionary adaptation to fluctuant and extreme physicochemical conditions
Gorlas, Aurore. "Caractérisation de nouveaux systèmes hôtes-virus associés aux sources hydrothermales océaniques profondes." Brest, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010BRES2053.
Full textRecent studies have revealed that viruses represent a large part of the biodiversity in natural environments suggesting that they participate to the diversity within organisms. Viruses infecting prokaryotes (Bacteria and Archaea) constitute the largest & ail viral groups. However, our knowledge of viruses of Archaea is rather limited with less than 60 archaeal viruses well described to date. Viruses of Archaea are classified in 8 new viral familles. To date, only one virus like-particle was isolated from a hyperthermophilic marine euryarchaeote: PAV1 isolated from Pyrococcus abyssi. During my PhD work, I have screened and characterized new viruses from the Thermococcales order. We found a new virus in a strain of Thermococcus sp, isolated from a hydrothermal chimney sample collected from the East pacific Rise at 2700 m depth. The first study led to the characterization of Thermococcus prieurii sp. Nov which is hyperthermophile, strictly anaerobe, and chemoorganotroph. The virus isolated from Thermococcus prieurii, named TPV1, is lemon-shaped (140 nm x 80 nm) and resembles to members of the Fuselloviridae family. The infectious character of TPV1 was proved by using an original method derived from the spot tests, and its host range was established. TPVI particles contain a double-stranded circular DNA of 21. 5 kb which is present in a free form in the host cytoplasm, at approximately 20 copies per chromosome. This genome was totally sequenced and 26 ORFs were identified. 12 ORFs were annotated. This virus s not yet classified and should be attached to a novel viral family
Hamraoui, Lahcen. "Collagènes et matrices extracellulaires d'annélides et de vestimentifères des sources hydrothermales profondes." Paris 7, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA077120.
Full textChamoy, Luc. "Caractérisation de protéines du tube d'un vestimentaire des sources hydrothermales profondes : Riftia pachyptila." Dijon, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001DIJOS001.
Full textJeanthon, Christian. "Bactéries hétérotrophes associées aux Alvinellidae inféodés aux sources hydrothermales profondes (13oN) : comportement vis-à-vis des métaux lourds." Brest, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991BRES2002.
Full textMoussard, Hélène. "Analyses moléculaires de la diversité et des fonctions de micro-organismes incultivés des sources hydrothermales profondes." Brest, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006BRES2029.
Full textOur knowledge of the diversity of marine microbial communities has long been restricted to the precious but incomplete information generated by the culture-based methods. In this study, molecular techniques (PCR, cloning, sequencing, hybridization, metagenomics library construction and genetic markers [16S rRNA, genes coding for enzymes specific to the reverse tricarboxylic acid cycle (acIB, oorA)] were used to circumvent the limits inherent to cultivation methods, and to obtain a more realistic view of the specific and functional diversity of the deep-sea hydrothermal vent microbial communities. This research allowed (i) to confirm the ecological significance of free-living epsilon-Proteobacteria at deep-sea hydrothermal vents, especially during in-situ colonization experiments (this study provides the first example of the prevalence and ecological significance of free-living Arcobacter-like at deep-sea hydrothermal vents, which are supposed to be sulfo-oxidizing bacteria involved in filamentous sulphur formation, (ii) to design and validate a 16S rRNA oligonucleotide probe targeting most of the epsilon-Proteobacteria found in hydrothermal systems, (iii) to obtain the physiology of yet uncultured groups of archea from deep-sea hydrothermal vents using metagenomics. By the combined use of variety of molecular approaches this work enlarges our view of the diversity of microbial communities in deep-sea hydrothermal vents
Lossouarn, Julien. "Découverte et caractérisation des premiers virus de Thermotogales (bactéries thermophiles et anaérobies) issus de sources hydrothermales océaniques profondes." Thesis, Brest, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014BRES0058/document.
Full textOur knowledge of the viral diversity associated to procaryotic microorganisms inhabiting the deep sea hydrothermal vents is still limited. Only few studies have focused on viral abundance and impact on microbial mortality within these ecosystems. A limited number of viruses from these environments were isolated and characterized. Two viruses, PAV1 and TPV1, associated to hyperthermophilic anaerobic Archaea, Thermococcales order, have ever been described in our laboratory. The topic of this phD thesis was to extend our investigation to other deep sea vent microorganisms in order to deepen our knowledge on the marine hydrothermal virosphere. We decided to focus more precisely on the bacterial order of Thermotogales. This order is composed of anaerobic chemoorganotrophic bacteria that are, for almost, hyper/thermophilic. They share the same ecological niche as the Thermococcales and are metabolically close. Numerous lateral gene transfers have contributed to the evolutionary history of the Thermotogales, implying the potential involvement of viruses. The presence of CRISPRs has also been reported in many genomes, suggesting that Thermotogales certainly are or have been exposed to viral infections. However, up till now, only 3 miniplasmids have been described within Thermotogales and no viruses. Fifty strains of Thermotogales, mostly from the LM2E culture collection (Ifremer and “UBOCC”), were screened for the presence of potential bacteriovirus. Extrachromosomal DNA elements, including 2 plasmids and 7 bacterioviruses (siphovirus-like), were discovered amongst strains belonging to both Thermosipho and Marinitoga genera. Preliminary studies were performed on these elements and one of the new virus-host systems was characterized in details. MPV1 (Marinitoga piezophila virus 1) is a temperate siphovirus-like isolated from a piezophilic bacterium, it is the first bacteriovirus associated to the Thermotogales order. This host strain is piezophilic but easily cultivable at atmospheric pressure after several subcultures. Whether most experiments were performed at atmospheric pressure, the viral production appeared to be effective at hydrostatic pressure. We reported the analyses of the complete sequence of the MPV1 genome (43.7 kb, extracted from purified virions) and its comparison to the provirus present in the sequenced genome of Marinitoga piezophila KA3. Analyses of the viral genome suggested a close evolutionary relationship of MPV1 to Firmicutes bacterioviruses .We also reported that this bacteriovirus shares its host with a circular extrachromosomal genetic element of 13.3 kb (pMP1). This ‘ménage à trois’ is surprising in the sense where the 13.3kb element, that contains 13 ORFs of mostly unknown function, uses the viral capsid to propagate. Therefore, it would likely correspond to a new example of molecular piracy