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1
Guenther, Bruce L. "American Evangelicalism, by N. Magnuson and W. G. Travis & Twentieth-Century Evangelicalism, by E. L. Blumhofer and J. A. Carpenter." Arc: The Journal of the School of Religious Studies 21 (May 1, 1993): 104–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.26443/arc.v21i.650.
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The author in this one submission offers a review of two different books, which seek to discuss evangelical Protestantism. 1. American Evangelicalism: An Annotated Bibliography. By Norris Magnuson and William G. Travis. West Cornwall, CT: Locust Hill Press, 1990. ISBN 0-933951-27-2. Pp. xix+495. 2. Twentieth-Century Evangelicalism: A Guide to the Sources. By Edith L. Blumhofer and Joel A. Carpenter. New York: Garland Publishing, Inc., 1990. ISBN 0-8240-3040-0. Pp. xv+384.
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Goetsch, A. L., A. R. Patil, D. L. Galloway, B. Kouakou, Z. S. Wang, K. K. Park, and J. E. Rossi. "Net flux of nutrients across splanchnic tissues in wethers consuming grasses of different sources and physical forms ad libitum." British Journal of Nutrition 77, no. 5 (May 1997): 769–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/bjn19970074.
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Crossbred sheep (n 16,8·5 months of age and 33 (SE 0·9) kg) were used in a 21 d experiment (2x2 factorial) to determine effects on net flux of nutrients across the portal-drained viscera (PDV) and liver of ad libitum consumption of bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon; B) v. ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum)-wheat (Triticum aestivum; RW) hay, coarsely chopped (CC) or finely ground and pelleted (GP). Crude protein concentrations were 86, 81, 113 and 119g/kg and neutral-detergent fibre concentrations were 710, 688, 654 and 672 g/kg (dry matter basis) for B-CC, B-GP, RW-CC and RW-GP respectively. Digestible energy intake (6.0,9.6·, 10·2 and 13·8 W/d) Mered (P < 0·01) with grass source and form, and digestible N intake values were 4·4, 7·0, 8·4 and 14.1 (SEM 0·82) g/d for B-CC, B-GP, RW-CC and RW-GP diets respectively. Consumption of O2 by the PDV (118,165,144 and 155mmol/h) and splanchnic bed (196,273,247 and 266 mmollh for B-CC, B-GP, RW-CC and RW-GP respectively) was greater (P=O·O7) for GP than for CC. The ratio splanchnic heat energy production: digestible energy intake was greater (P=0·06) for B than for RW (0·374,0·300,0·278 and 0·219 for B.CC, B-GP, RW-CC and RW-GP respectively). α-Amino-N release by the PDV (P< 0·01; 11·6, 12·8, 23·0 and 18·7 mmoyh) and uptake by the liver (P=0·07; 15·2, 6·1, 17·0 and 19·3 mmol/h for B-CC, B-GP, RW-CC and RW-GP respectively) were greater for RW than for B. Release of NH3-N by the PDV was greater (P=O·02) for CC than for GP (12·5, 6·2, 15·7 and 8·9 mmol/h), and hepatic urea-N release differed between grass sources (P=O·O3) and physical forms (P=0·07; 22·6, 12·7, 31·4 and mmol/h for B-CC, B-GP, RW-CC and RW-GP respectively). In conclusion, decreases in forage particle size elicited by grinding and pelleting did not affect the difference between grass sources in splanchnic tissue heat energy production relative to digestible energy intake.
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Cromwick, Anne-Marie, and Richard A. Gross. "Investigation by NMR of metabolic routes to bacterial γ-poly(glutamic acid) using 13C-labeled citrate and glutamate as media carbon sources." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 41, no. 10 (October 1, 1995): 902–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/m95-124.
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Bacillus licheniformis ATCC 9945A produces γ-poly(glutamic acid) (γ-PGA) when using glutamate, citrate, and glycerol in combination as media carbon sources. Also, various aspects of B. licheniformis cellular physiology are affected by the concentration of Mn(II) salts in culture media. Thus, the metabolism of carbon sources into γ-PGA as a function of MnSO4 concentration was studied by enriching the media with either L-[1,2-13C]glutamic acid (NH2—2CH(1COOH)—(CH2)2-COOH) or [1,5-13C]citric acid (HOO1C—CH2—C(OH)(COOH)—CH2—5COOH) at two media MnSO4 concentrations (615 and 0 μM). Enrichment factors (EF) from 13C-NMR spectra were calculated from the ratio of peak intensities from 13C-enriched γ-PGA divided by the ratio of peak intensities for nonenriched γ-PGA. EF values were than used to determine the percentage of repeat units that were formed from glutamate and citrate. The percentage of repeat units formed from provided glutamate at the 0 and 615 μM Mn(II) media concentrations was 89 ± 14 and 67 ± 11%, respectively. These respective products have 51 ± 9 and 39 ± 11% of their repeat units formed with apparent retention of the glutamate carbon skeleton. Also, enrichment of γ-PGA repeat units at C-1 was found to be lower than C-2 at both Mn(II) levels. Thus, provided glutamate was used to a large extent for polymer formation with both retention of the carbon skeleton as well as decarboxylation at C-1. Provided citrate was also used as a source of carbon to form repeat units. At the 0 and 615 μM media Mn(II) levels, 9 ± 4 and 19 ± 5% of repeat units were formed from citrate. It is believed that citrate is metabolized to γ-PGA by entry into the citric acid cycle and formation of α-ketoglutarate. Analysis of products from cultivations where both glutamate and citrate were 13C enriched indicated that citrate and glutamate carbon source metabolism to γ-PGA occurs via independent pathways to common monomer precursors without multiple recycling of these carbon sources through catabolic and anabolic pathways.Key words: γ-poly(glutamic acid), metabolism, manganese, Bacillus licheniformis, nuclear magnetic resonance.
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Neshumaeva, Nadezhda A., Aleksandr V. Sidorov, and Sergei A. Gerasimov. "Assessment of juvenile resistance of barley and wheat accessions to dark brown leaf spot." E3S Web of Conferences 390 (2023): 05003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202339005003.
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Dark brown leaf spot of cereal crops caused by the Bipolaris sorokiniana fungus causes significant crop losses worldwide. To create new resistant varieties, it is necessary to use sources with a high level of resistance. In the laboratory of physiology and biotechnology of the Krasnoyarsk Research Institute of Agriculture, the juvenile resistance of the breeding material of spring barley and spring soft wheat of competitive variety testing to dark brown spot was evaluated. The most toxigenic isolates of Bipolaris sorokiniana were preliminarily selected for the production of inoculum, which was used to treat horizontally placed seedlings of the studied cereal samples in the 1-2 leaf phase. The development of the disease was assessed on a scale from 0 to 6. The sources of resistance included highly resistant samples, the damage of which did not exceed 2 points. These are samples of spring barley V19-6718, V21-6723, B25-6260, B33-6315, V33-6767, V34-6713, V40-6828, K-91-2, K104-1, S-106, K-134- 3 and spring soft wheat Altaiskaya 75, K-613-2, K-654-1, K-229-9, K-693-2, K-780-1, K-696-7, KSI-10, of interest for selection for fungal diseases.
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Mbogori, Teresia. "Disparities in the Nutritional Status of Children (0–23 Months) in Kenya." Current Developments in Nutrition 4, Supplement_2 (May 29, 2020): 867. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzaa053_072.
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Abstract Objectives To determine the social economic and rural/urban disparities in the nutritional status of children aged 0–23 months in Kenya. Methods This study utilized data from the most current Kenya Demographic and Health Survey (KDHS), a nationally representative cross-sectional study conducted in 2014. Data from children 0–23 months with complete information on weight, height, age and sex were used for analysis. Height for Age Z scores (HAZ), Weight for Age Z scores (WAZ), Weight for Height Z scores (WHZ), and BMI for Age Z scores (BAZ) were computed using WHO Anthroplus program to determine the nutritional status of the children. Chi square statistics were used to determine the relationship between wealth index, education status of mother, rural/urban residence, gender, and the nutritional status of the children. Significance was set at P < 0.05. Results Among all participating children aged 0–23 months (n = 7578), 22.7% were stunted (HAZ < −2), 10.7% were underweight (WAZ < −2), 6.2% were wasted (WHZ < −2), and 6.1% were either overweight or obese (BAZ > 2). Wasting, stunting, and underweight were significantly higher in children from rural areas, poorer wealth index and from mothers with no education. In contrast, children from urban areas, from richest wealth index category and from mothers with secondary or higher education were significantly more likely to be either overweight or obese. There were no gender differences in all the indicators of malnutrition. Stunting, wasting and underweight were also significantly higher in older children (6–23 months) as compared to the younger children (0–5 months). Conclusions Disparities exist in childhood malnutrition in Kenya with children from low social economic status and those living in rural areas experiencing higher rates of under-nutrition whereas those living in urban areas and those from higher social economic status experiencing higher rates of overweight and obesity. Current and new policies need to address these disparities to ensure that childhood malnutrition continues to improve in all sectors of the society. Funding Sources No funding source.
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Genoni, Angela, Johnny Lo, Philippa Lyons-Wall, Mary C. Boyce, Claus T. Christophersen, Anthony Bird, and Amanda Devine. "A Paleolithic diet lowers resistant starch intake but does not affect serum trimethylamine-N-oxide concentrations in healthy women." British Journal of Nutrition 121, no. 3 (December 17, 2018): 322–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s000711451800329x.
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AbstractThe Paleolithic diet excludes two major sources of fibre, grains and legumes. However, it is not known whether this results in changes to resistant starch (RS) consumption. Serum trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) is produced mainly from colonic fermentation and hepatic conversion of animal protein and is implicated in CVD, but changes in RS intake may alter concentrations. We aimed to determine whether intake of RS and serum concentrations of TMAO varied in response to either the Paleolithic or the Australian Guide to Healthy Eating (AGHE) diets and whether this was related to changes in food group consumption. A total of thirty-nine women (mean age 47 (sd 13) years, BMI 27 (sd 4) kg/m2) were randomised to AGHE (n 17) or Paleolithic diets (n 22) for 4 weeks. Serum TMAO concentrations were measured using liquid chromatography–MS; food groups, fibre and RS intake were estimated from weighed food records. The change in TMAO concentrations between groups (Paleolithic 3·39 μmv. AGHE 1·19 μm, P = 0·654) did not reach significance despite greater red meat and egg consumption in the Paleolithic group (0·65 serves/d; 95 % CI 0·2, 1·1; P <0·01, and 0·22 serves/d; 95 % CI 0·1, 0·4, P <0·05, respectively). RS intake was significantly lower on the Paleolithic diet (P <0·01) and was not associated with TMAO concentrations. However, the limited data for RS and the small sample size may have influenced these findings. While there were no significant changes in TMAO concentrations, increased meat consumption and reduced RS intake warrant further research to examine the markers of gastrointestinal health of Paleolithic diet followers and to update Australian food databases to include additional fibre components.
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Bader-Zaar, Birgitta, Evguenia Davidova, Minja Bujaković, Milena Kirova, Malgorzata Fidelis, Stefano Petrungaro, Alexandra Talavar, et al. "Book Reviews." Aspasia 16, no. 1 (June 1, 2022): 203–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/asp.2022.160114.
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Feminist Encounters: A Journal of Critical Studies in Culture and Politics 4, no. 2, “East European Feminisms, Part 1: The History of East European Feminisms,” eds. Maria Bucur and Krassimira Daskalova, 2020.Maria Bucur, The Nation’s Gratitude: World War I and Citizenship Rights in Interwar Romania, London: Routledge, 2022, vi–viii, 231 pp., $160.00 (hardback), $48.95 (ebook), ISBN: 978-0-367-74978-1.Sanja Ćopić and Zorana Antonijević, eds., Feminizam, aktivizam, politike: Proizvodnja znanja na poluperiferiji. Zbornik radova u čast Marine Blagojević Hughson (Feminism, activism, politics: Knowledge production in the semiperiphery. Collection in honor of Marina Blagojević Hughson), Belgrade: Institute for Criminological and Sociological Research (IKSI), 2021, 621 pp., ISBN: 978-86-80756-42-4.Krassimira Daskalova, Zhorzheta Nazarska, and Reneta Roshkeva, eds., Ot siankata na istoriata: Zhenite v bulgarskoto obshtestvo i kultura, volume 2, Izvori za istoriana na zhenite: Dnevnitsi, spomeni, pisma, beletristika (From the shadows of history: Women in Bulgarian society and culture, volume 2, Sources of women’s history: diaries, memoirs, letters, fiction), Sofi a: Sofi a University Press, 2021, 621 pp., BGN 30 (paperback), ISBN: 978-954-07-5180-1.Melissa Feinberg, Communism in Eastern Europe, New York: Routledge, 2022, 229 pp., $44.75 (paperback), ISBN 978-0-8133-4817-9.Fabio Giomi, Making Muslim Women European: Voluntary Associations, Gender, and Islam in Post-Ottoman Bosnia and Yugoslavia (1878–1941), Budapest: CEU Press, 2021, 420 pp., €88.00 (hardback), ISBN 978-963-386-369-5.Yulia Gradskova, The Women’s International Democratic Federation, the Global South and the Cold War: Defending the Rights of Women of the “Whole World”? London: Routledge, 2020, 222 pp. £29.59 (e-book), ISBN: 9781003050032.Dagmar Gramshammer-Hohl and Oana Hergenröther, eds., Foreign Countries of Old Age: East and Southeast European Perspectives on Aging, Aging Studies, vol. 19, Bielefeld: Transcript Verlag, 2021, 386 pp., €45 (paperback), ISBN: 978-3-8376-4554-5.Wendy Z. Goldman and Donald Filtzer, Fortress Dark and Stern: The Soviet Home Front During World War II, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2021, 528 pp., $34.95 (hardback), ISBN: 9780190618414.Oksana Kis, Survival as Victory: Ukrainian Women in the Gulag, Harvard Series in Ukrainian Studies, Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2021, 652 pp., 78 color photos, 10 photos, €84.50 (hardback), ISBN: 9780674258280.Yelena Lembersky and Galina Lembersky, Like a Drop of Ink in a Downpour: Memories of Soviet Russia, Boston: Cherry Orchard Books, 2022, 247 pp., $17.19 (paperback), ISBN: 978-1-64469-669-9.Mihaela Miroiu, Povestiri despre Cadmav (Stories about Cadmav), Bucharest: Rocart, 2021, 270 pp., RON 31.00 (paperback), ISBN: 978-606-95093-0-2.Mie Nakachi, Replacing the Dead: The Politics of Reproduction in the Postwar Soviet Union, New York: Oxford University Press, 2021, 352 pp., $39.95 (hardcover), ISBN: 978-0190635138.Olga Todorova, Domashnoto robstvo i robovladenie v osmanska Rumelia (Domestic slavery and slave ownership in Ottoman Rumelia), Sofia: Gutenberg, 2021, 444 pp., BGN 30 (paperback), ISBN: 978-619-176-195-1.
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Remijan, A., C. Xue, L. Margulès, A. Belloche, R. A. Motiyenko, J. Carder, C. Codella, et al. "Expanding the submillimeter wave spectroscopy and astronomical search for thioacetamide (CH3CSNH2) in the ISM." Astronomy & Astrophysics 658 (February 2022): A85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202142504.
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Context. One of the biggest unsolved mysteries of modern astrochemistry is understanding chemical formation pathways in the interstellar medium (ISM) and circumstellar environments. The detections (or even nondetections) of molecules composed of low-abundance atomic species (such as S, P, Si, and Mg) may help to constrain chemical pathways. Thioacetamide (CH3CSNH2) is the sulfur analog to acetemide (CH3CONH2) and it is a viable candidate to search for in astronomical environments – specifically toward regions where other S-bearing molecules have been found and, if possible, that also contain a detection of CH3CONH2. If detected, it would not only continue to expand the view of molecular complexity in astronomical environments, but also help to better elucidate the possible formation pathways of these types of species in these environments. Aims. Our aim is to expand the frequency range of the measured rotational spectrum of CH3CSNH2 beyond 150 GHz and then to use those measurements to extend the search for this species in the ISM. The new laboratory measurements and expanded search cover more parameter space for determining under what conditions CH3CSNH2 may be detected, leading to possible constraints on the formation of large S-bearing molecules found in the ISM. Methods. The rotational spectrum of CH3CSNH2 was investigated up to 650 GHz. Using the newly refined spectrum of CH3CSNH2, as well as additional spectroscopic data on the chemically related species CH3CONH2, a variety of astronomical sources were searched including data from the following large surveys: Prebiotic Interstellar Molecule Survey conducted with the Green Bank Telescope; Exploring molecular complexity with ALMA conducted with the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array; and Astrochemical Surveys at IRAM conducted with the Institut de Radioastronomie Millimétrique 30 m Telescope. Results. A total of 1428 transitions from the vt = 0 state with maximum values J = 47 and Ka = 20 in the range up to 330 GHz, and J = 95 and Ka = 20 in the range from 400–660 GHz were assigned. We also assigned 321 transitions from the vt = 1 state with the maximum values J = 35 and Ka = 9 up to 330 GHz. We achieved a final fit with a root-mean-square deviation of 43.4 kHz that contains 2035 measured lines from our study and the literature for vt = 0 and vt = 1 states of A and E symmetries. The final fit is based on the rho-axis-method Hamiltonian model that includes 40 parameters. An astronomical search for CH3CSNH2 was conducted based on all the new spectroscopic data. No transitions of CH3CSNH2 were detected toward any of the sources contained in our survey. Using the appropriate telescope and physical parameters for each astronomical source, upper limits to the column densities were found for CH3CSNH2 toward each source.
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Sinclair, L. A., S. L. Cooper, S. Chikunya, R. G. Wilkinson, K. G. Hallett, M. Enser, and J. D. Wood. "Biohydrogenation of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in the rumen and their effects on microbial metabolism and plasma fatty acid concentrations in sheep." Animal Science 81, no. 2 (October 2005): 239–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/asc50040239.
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AbstractSix cannulated wether sheep weighing 57 (s.d. 4·3) kg were used to investigate the susceptibility of unprotected and protected n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids from different sources to biohydrogenation in the rumen, their uptake into plasma and effects on ruminal metabolism. The sheep were assigned to one of six dietary treatments formulated to have a similar fatty acid content (60 g/kg DM) and containing: linseed oil (LO), linseed oil absorbed into vermiculite (VLO), formic acid-formaldehyde treated whole linseed (FLS), fish oil (FO), fat encapsulated fish oil (PFO) or a mixture of fish oil and marine algae (1: 1 on an oil basis; AF), in six periods of 28 days duration in a Latin-square design. Biohydrogenation of C20:5(n-3) and C22:6(n-3) was high in FO at approximately 870 g/kg, but reduced to 625 and 625 g/kg respectively for PFO, and 769 and 601 g/kg respectively for AF. Ruminal biohydrogenation of C18:3(n-3) was similar across treatments based on linseed, averaging 860 g/kg, but C18:2(n-6) was lower (P< 0·05) in animals given VLO or FLS at 792 and 837 g/kg respectively, compared with LO (907 g/kg). Duodenal flow of C18:1trans in animals given any of the diets containing fish oil averaged 8·4 g/day compared with 2·8 g/day in animals given diets based on linseed (P< 0·001), whilst cis-9, trans-11 conjugated linoleic acid was not significantly different among treatments. Plasma C20:5(n-3) and C22:6(n-3) proportions were highest in animals given the AF diet (11·8 and 8·2 g per 100 g of the total fatty acids respectively) and lowest in animals given LO (2·8 and 2·7 g per 100 g of the total fatty acids respectively;P< 0·001). By contrast, plasma C18:3(n-3) proportions were highest in animals given the LO or VLO diets at approximately 6·9 g per 100 g of the total fatty acids, and lowest in the AF treatment at 0·9 g per 100 g (P< 0·001). Duodenal non-ammonia-N flow was similar among treatments at 21·0 g/day except in animals given FLS which had the highest flow (25·9 g N per day;P< 0·01). Microbial N flow was also similar among treatments whilst microbial efficiency (g N per kg OM truly degraded in the rumen) was higher (P< 0·05) in animals given FLS than LO, FO or AF. By contrast, ruminal fibre digestion was higher (P< 0·05) in animals given LO or FO than those offered VLO, FLS, PFO or AF. In conclusion, compared with linseed oil, absorption of linseed oil into vermiculite improved duodenal flow but not plasma levels of C18:3(n-3), whilst formic acid-formaldehyde treatment of linseed had little effect on protecting C18:3(n-3) in the rumen, although duodenal non-ammonia nitrogen flow and microbial efficiency were improved. Compared with fish oil, the provision of marine algae or fat encapsulated fish oil resulted in a lower biohydrogenation of C22:6(n-3) and C20:5(n-3), and an increased duodenal flow and plasma concentration and offers the potential to favourably manipulate the n-3 fatty acid composition of sheep meat.
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Liguori, Carli, Jessica Cheng, Hai-Wei Liang, Patricia Documet, and Sharon Taverno Ross. "Associations Between Parent Diet Quality and Child Sugar Sweetened Beverage Intake in Latinx Families Living in an Emerging Community." Current Developments in Nutrition 6, Supplement_1 (June 2022): 136. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzac051.052.
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Abstract Objectives Hispanic children have the highest rates of obesity among children in the US and sugar sweetened beverages (SSBs) intake is of concern. It has been established that parent diet is associated with child dietary outcomes. This association has been understudied in the context of Latinx families, particularly those living in emerging Latinx communities (areas with a small yet growing population) where culturally appropriate foods may not be readily available. This analysis aims to determine the relationship between parent diet quality and parent reported child consumption of SSBs. Methods We analyzed baseline data for parent/child (age 2–11 years) pairs (n = 53) from the “Raices” study, a 6-month intervention for improving social support, healthcare accessibility, physical activity, and nutrition behaviors among Latinx living in Allegheny county, Pennsylvania. Mothers were selected as primary caregivers. In cases where no maternal data was available, the father was used. A multinomial regression was used with parent diet quality (Starting the Conversation [SCT] 8-item questionnaire, range 0–16, higher scores representing poorer diet quality) as the independent variable and parent reported child SSB intake (modified 2010 NYPANS questionnaire) as the dependent variable with child age, child BMI category, parent age, and parent education as covariates. Results Nearly 40% of parents (mean age = 37.9 ± 5.9 years; 98.1% female; 56.6% college educated; mean STC score = 5.9 ± 2.7; mean time living in US = 8.8 ± 6.8 years) reported their children (mean age = 6.1 ± 2.6 years; 64.2% female; 71.7% normal weight) consume ≥ 2 SSBs/day. The odds of a child consuming 0 SSB/day or 1 SSB/day compared with ≥ 2 SSBs/day was not significantly predicted by parent diet quality (0/d: OR = 0.74, 95% CI = 0.50, 1.09; 1/d: OR = 1.02, 95% CI = 0.78, 1.34), while controlling for child age, child BMI, parent age and parent education. Conclusions Parent diet quality was not associated with parent reported child SSB intake in this sample of Latinx families living in an emerging community. Future research should continue to explore determinants of food choice in Latinx children. Funding Sources Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services, HHS, 1HOCMS331535-01-00.
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Cruz, Vinicius Alves, Rodrigo S. Marques, Keenan Kvamme, Makayla A. Ogg, Iorrano A. A. Cidrini, Keuven S. Nascimento, Sarah McCoski, et al. "395 Maternal Supplementation with Different Sources of Trace Minerals and Its Effects on the Offspring." Journal of Animal Science 101, Supplement_3 (November 6, 2023): 332–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skad281.398.
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Abstract This experiment evaluated the effects of supplementing three sources of trace minerals to late-gestating beef cows and its impact on offspring productivity. Seventy-two pregnant cows were sorted by BW and BCS in three treatments at Red Bluff Ranch (Norris, MT). Seventy-two non-lactating, pregnant Angus cows [initial body weight (BW) = 637 ± 13 kg; body condition score (BCS) = 5.5 ± 0.07; and age = 6.1 ± 0.57; exposed to AI = 54 and Bull = 18] were selected and assigned to this experiment at the end of their second trimester of gestation. Before beginning treatment application (d-10), cows were ranked by BW and BCS and allocated (d 0) to 1,000 acres pasture. At this time, cows were assigned to receive supplements containing 1 of 3 treatments: 1) Cu, Mn, and Zn sulfate trace mineral source (INR; n = 24), 2) Cu, Mn, and Zn organic trace mineral source (ORG; n = 24), and 3) Cu, Mn, and Zn hydroxychloride trace mineral source (HXD; n= 24). Cows were fed individually three times a week, Monday, Wednesday, and Friday. Cow full BW and BCS were recorded before the beginning of the experiment (d -11 and -10). On d -10 and at birth, liver biopsies were performed in all cows and calves via needle biopsy. After calving, cow-calf pairs were assigned to the general herd management, including inorganic mineral supplementation. Calves were weaned at 6 months of age and backgrounded for 85 d. No differences were detected (P ≥ 0.17) among HDX, INR, and ORG cows for initial liver concentrations of trace minerals. At calving, no differences were observed (P ≥ 0.25) in liver concentrations of Se, Co, Cu, Mn, and Zn. There were no differences (P ≥ 0.81) in calf birth BW, crow to rump, and hearth girth measurements between treatments. No treatment effect was observed (P ≥ 0.35) on the liver concentration of calves born to cows receiving treatment. At weaning, no treatment differences were detected (P ≥ 0.25) weaning BW and ADG from birth to weaning. Supplementing different sources of trace minerals to beef cows during the last trimester of gestation yielded similar cow-calf productive responses until weaning and backgrounding program.
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Son, Ki-Ho, and Myung-Min Oh. "Leaf Shape, Growth, and Antioxidant Phenolic Compounds of Two Lettuce Cultivars Grown under Various Combinations of Blue and Red Light-emitting Diodes." HortScience 48, no. 8 (August 2013): 988–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.48.8.988.
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Light-emitting diodes (LEDs) of short wavelength ranges are being developed as light sources in closed-type plant production systems. Among the various wavelengths, red and blue lights are known to be effective for enhancing plant photosynthesis. In this study, we determined the effects of blue and red LED ratios on leaf shape, plant growth, and the accumulation of antioxidant phenolic compounds of a red leaf lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. ‘Sunmang’) and a green leaf lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. ‘Grand Rapid TBR’). Lettuce seedlings grown under normal growth conditions (20 °C, fluorescent lamp + high-pressure sodium lamp 177 ± 5 μmol·m−2·s−1, 12-hour photoperiod) for 18 days were transferred into growth chambers that were set at 20 °C and equipped with various combinations of blue (456 nm) and red (655 nm) LEDs [blue:red = 0:100 (0 B), 13:87 (13 B), 26:74 (26 B), 35:65 (35 B), 47:53 (47 B) or 59:41 (59 B)] under the same light intensity and photoperiod (171 ± 7 μmol·m−2·s−1, 12-hour photoperiod). Leaf width, leaf length, leaf area, fresh and dry weights of shoots and roots, chlorophyll content (SPAD value), total phenolic concentration, total flavonoid concentration, and antioxidant capacity were measured at 2 and 4 weeks after the onset of LED treatment. The leaf shape indices (leaf length/leaf width) of the two lettuce cultivars subjected to blue LEDs treatment were similar to the control, regardless of the blue-to-red ratio during the entire growth stage. However, 0 B (100% red LED) induced a significantly higher leaf shape index, which represents elongated leaf shape, compared with the other treatments. Increasing blue LED levels negatively affected lettuce growth. Most growth characteristics (such as the fresh and dry weights of shoots and leaf area) were highest under 0 B for both cultivars compared with all other LED treatments. For red and green leaf lettuce cultivar plants, shoot fresh weight under 0 B was 4.3 and 4.1 times higher compared with that under 59 B after 4 weeks of LED treatment, respectively. In contrast, the accumulation of chlorophyll, phenolics (including flavonoids), and antioxidants in both red and green leaf lettuce showed an opposite trend compared with that observed for growth. The SPAD value (chlorophyll content), total phenolic concentration, total flavonoid concentration, and antioxidant capacity of lettuces grown under high ratios of blue LED (such as 59 B, 47 B, and 35 B) were significantly higher compared with 0 B or control conditions. Thus, this study indicates that the ratio of blue to red LEDs is important for the morphology, growth, and phenolic compounds with antioxidant properties in the two lettuce cultivars tested.
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Paschoal, D. M., M. J. Sudano, T. S. Rascado, L. C. O. Magalhães, L. F. Crocomo, J. F. Lima-Neto, M. D. Guastali, R. R. D. Maziero, A. Martins Jr., and F. C. Landim-Alvarenga. "38 VITRIFICATION OF BOS TAURUS INDICUS AND BOS TAURUS INDICUS×BOS TAURUS TAURUS EMBRYOS PRODUCED IN THE PRESENCE OR ABSENCE OF FETAL CALF SERUM." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 24, no. 1 (2012): 131. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rdv24n1ab38.
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In vitro-produced Bos taurus indicus (zebu) and Bos taurus indicus × Bos taurus taurus (cross-bred) embryos behave differently when vitrified. The present experiment aimed to examine the effect of vitrification on embryos produced in the presence or absence of FCS. Cumulus-oocyte complexes (COC) were matured in TCM-199 and fertilized in human tubal fluid medium with frozen Nelore bull semen. On Day 1 (Day 0 = IVF), presumptive zygotes were cultured with SOFaa + BSA in the presence of FCS (Group 2.5%) or in the absence of FCS (Group 0%) until Day 7. The cleavage was analysed on Day 3 and the blastocyst rate on Day 7. Blastocysts were vitrified and, after warming (Campos-Chillòn et al. 2006) the viability was evaluated. Data were analysed with ANOVA, using the general linear model (GLM) of SAS (SAS Inst Inc., Cary, NC, USA). Sources of variation in the model included FCS concentration and first-order interactions; all factors were considered fixed effects. The arcsine transformation (√y/100) was applied to percentage data. If the ANOVA was significant, means were separated using the Tukey test. There was no difference in cleavage (for zebu embryos: Group 0%: 87.2 ± 6.8; Group 2.5%: 87.4 ± 9.5; for cross-bred embryos: Group 0%: 79.6 ± 11.9; Group 2.5%: 73.1 ± 13.7; P > 0.05). On the other hand, zebu embryos cultured in the presence of FCS reached blastocysts at a higher rate than cross-bred embryos in the absence of FCS (for zebu embryos: Group 0%: 33.3 ± 12.4ab; Group 2.5%: 46.8 ± 13.2a; for cross-bred embryos: Group 0%: 21.8 ± 8.3b; Group 2.5%: 33.6 ± 10.1ab; P < 0.05). After vitrification and warming, no significant differences in re-expansion rate (zebu embryos: Group 0%: 82.7 ± 13.1; Group 2.5%: 75.0 ± 9.8; cross-bred embryos: Group 0%: 93.7 ± 8.8; Group 2.5%: 84.1 ± 11.3; P > 0.05) and cell number per embryo (zebu embryos: Group 0%: 65.1 ± 34.7; Group 2.5%: 42.6 ± 17.2; cross-bred embryos: Group 0%: 64.3 ± 44.2; Group 2.5%: 52.0 ± 31.5; P > 0.05) between species groups and within species were seen. However for zebu embryos, Group 0% showed a lower damaged cell rate than Group 2.5%. The same effect was not observed in the cross-bred embryos (zebu embryos: Group 0%: 20.3 ± 22.7c; Group 2.5%: 63.3 ± 27.0d; cross-bred embryos: Group 0%: 25.4 ± 24.3cd; Group 2.5%: 45.8 ± 34.6cd; P < 0.05). The addition of 2.5% FCS had a higher deleterious effect on zebu embryos than cross-bred (zebu × taurine) embryos after vitrification. These results also reinforce the species differences observed between zebu and cross-bred, as they behaved differently in relation to the addition of FCS in the culture medium and in relation to their cryopreservation sensitivity. Supported by FAPESP 10/50410-2.
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Whittow, Mark. "Christian dualist heresies in the Byzantine world c. 650–c. 1450. Translated and annotated by Janet Hamilton and Bernard Hamilton, with Yuri Stoyanov. (Manchester Medieval Sources.) Pp. xvii+327 incl. 2 maps. Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1998. £45 (cloth), £16.99 (paper). 0 7190 4764 1; 0 7190 4765 X." Journal of Ecclesiastical History 50, no. 4 (October 1999): 767–813. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022046999282747.
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Zeitoun, Moustafa Mohamed, Abdulrahman O. El-Dawas, Mohamed A. Ateah, and Mohamed Ahmed Shehab El-Deen. "Consequences of twinning induction to Noemi ewes by a recombinant human follicle-stimulating hormone compared with pituitary-derived porcine follicle-stimulating hormone on follicular dynamics, maternal biochemical attributes, and neonatal traits." April-2020 13, no. 4 (2020): 633–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2020.633-641.
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Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of using recombinant human follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) compared with pituitary-derived porcine FSH given as one dose or multiple doses on the neonatal traits, follicular dynamics, and maternal blood biochemical constituents in Noemi ewes. Materials and Methods: A 3×2 factorial arrangement was designed utilizing 60 adults Noemi ewes to test the effects of using two sources of FSH (human vs. porcine) in addition to control, either given as a single total dose or six descending doses to provoke twinning. Six treatments (T) were tested (n=10 ewes/T). C1 and C6 served as control ewes given saline as one dose and six doses, respectively; H1 and H6 ewes were given human FSH as one and six doses; and P1 and P6 ewes were given porcine FSH similar to the above treatments. Saline and/or FSH administration were administered at days 8, 9, and 10 of the 10-day controlled internal drug release (CIDR) implant. At CIDR removal, fertile rams were used for natural mating. Blood samples for the assessment of serum metabolites were collected. Results: Twinning increased in FSH-treated ewes than control. However, giving FSH of either source as a single dose resulted in a higher incidence of stillbirths. Pregnancy rates were 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, and 80% in C1, C6, P1, P6, H1, and H6, respectively. Respective percent of ewes delivering twins/multiple birth was 0, 0, 80, 66.7, 71.4, and 87.5%. FSH of human source was more efficient for folliculogenesis than porcine FSH. Administration of FSH increased blood cholesterol, decreased high-density lipoprotein; however, low-density lipoprotein levels were not different than control. Moreover, an interaction (p<0.05) exists between source and type of FSH administration on blood glucose. Six doses of FSH elevated blood protein. Blood albumin decreased by porcine-FSH but not affected by human-FSH. Blood globulins were not different due to source of FSH, whereas giving FSH as six doses increased globulins than in single-dose protocol. Contrariwise, an interaction was found between source and type of FSH administration on elevating the activity of alanine aminotransferase and reducing the activity of aspartate aminotransferase. Conclusion: Administration of human FSH at 180 IU in six descending doses resulted in the best neonatal outcomes and maternal health in Noemi ewes.
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Cornet, Alain, Jeanette Andersen, Chiara Tani, and Marta Mosca. "Hydroxychloroquine availability during COVID-19 crisis and its effect on patient anxiety." Lupus Science & Medicine 8, no. 1 (April 2021): e000496. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/lupus-2021-000496.
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ObjectiveTo report the results of a survey exploring the experience of patients with SLE facing hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) shortage that occurred during the early phases of the COVID-19 pandemic.MethodsA survey was designed by Lupus Europe’s patient advisory network and distributed through its social media, newsflash and members' network. People with lupus were asked about their last HCQ purchases and their level of anxiety (on a 0–10 scale) with regard to not being able to have access to HCQ, once in April 2020 (first wave) and after 11 August (second wave). The results were compared.Results2075 patients responded during the first wave; 1001 (48.2%) could get HCQ from the first place they asked, 230 (11.1%) could get the drug by going to more than one pharmacy, 498 (24.0%) obtained HCQ later from their usual pharmacy and 126 (6.1%) from other sources. 188 (9.1%) could not get any; 32 (1.5%) did not respond to this question. All countries showed significant improvement in HCQ availability during the second wave. 562 (27.4%) patients reported an extremely high level of anxiety in wave 1 and 162 (10.3%) patients in wave 2; 589 (28.7%) and 268 (17.1%) patients reported a high level of anxiety in wave 1 and wave 2, respectively.ConclusionsThe HCQ shortage had a significant impact on patients with SLE and has been responsible for psychological consequences including anxiety. Indeed, despite an objective improvement in drug availability, the event is leaving significant traces in patients’ mind and behaviours.
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Myers, Steven T. "1608+656: A Quadruple Lens System Found In The CLASS Gravitational Lens Survey." Symposium - International Astronomical Union 173 (1996): 317–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0074180900231677.
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The first phase of a large gravitational lens survey using the Very Large Array at a wavelength of 3.6 cm has been completed, yielding images for 3258 radio sources. The Cosmic Lens All-Sky Survey, or CLASS, is designed to locate gravitational lens systems consisting of multiply-imaged compact components with separations > 0.″2. From this first phase has come the discovery of 1608+656, a quadruply-imaged object with maximum separation of 2.″1. Images from the Palomar 5-m and Keck 10-m telescopes show the lensed images and the lensing galaxy. An optical spectrum obtained with the Palomar 5-m Telescope indicates a redshift of z = 0.63 for the lensing galaxy, and a newly-obtained Palomar spectrum indicates a redshift of z = 1.39 for the lensed source, which appears to be a galaxy. A simple single-galaxy lens model derived from the radio image reproduces the observed configuration and relative fluxes of the images, as well as the position, shape, and orientation of the lensing galaxy. Because a simple mass model is able to fit the observations, we argue that this lens system is promising for determining H0. CLASS has also yielded the new double image lens system 1600+434. The second phase of the survey is scheduled for August and September 1995 on the VLA, and should yield images for an additional 5000+ targets, bringing the CLASS total to over 8000.
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Gaylor, Chantelle, Hayley Young, and David Benton. "The Impact of Glycemic Load on Cognitive Performance in Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis." Current Developments in Nutrition 5, Supplement_2 (June 2021): 905. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzab049_018.
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Abstract Objectives A systematic review and meta-analysis compared the effects of high (HGL) and low glycemic load (LGL) breakfasts on the cognitive performance of adults. In particular, the time after eating that cognition was assessed and the influence of pre-existing glucose tolerance (GT) were considered. Methods A systematic search for randomized and non-randomized acute breakfast studies was conducted using PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane Library. Data were available from 15 studies (1,100 participants, age 20–80 years). Episodic memory (e.g., word list recall), working memory (e.g., Serial Sevens), and attention/vigilance (e.g., Trails Part A) were examined. Better and poorer GT were defined as fasting glucose < or > 6.1 mmol/L (110 mg/dL) and/or two-hour postprandial glucose < or > 7 mmol/L (126 mg/dL). All analyses were performed using RevMan 5.3 (Cochrane) and a random-effects model. Results Five to 110 minutes after eating a HGL or LGL breakfast there were no differences cognition. However, between 120 and 195 minutes, immediate episodic memory was significantly better following a LGL breakfast (SMD = 0.16, 95% confidence interval [CI] = –0.00–0.32, P = 0.05, I2 = 0%). Pre-existing glucose tolerance (GT) status moderated this effect. In those with better GT, immediate episodic memory was significantly better following a LGL breakfast (SMD = 0.26, 95% CI = 0.00–0.52, P = 0.05, I2 = 0%), whereas there was no difference in those with poorer GT (SMD = 0.12, 95% CI = –0.21–0.45, P = 0.47, I2 = 0%). Conclusions A LGL breakfast improved memory later in the morning, especially in those with better GT. The phenomenon is unlikely to occur in pre-diabetics or type 2 diabetics and as such there are no clinical implications. There is, however, a possibility of exploring the nature of breakfast, or developing functional foods, to improve memory and work performance. If a similar phenomenon was found in children, there could be positive consequences for school performance. Funding Sources This study was not funded.
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Guzman-Prado, Yuli, Ondrej Samson, Jonathan P. Segal, Jimmy K. Limdi, and Bu’Hussain Hayee. "Vitamin D Therapy in Adults With Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis." Inflammatory Bowel Diseases 26, no. 12 (May 9, 2020): 1819–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ibd/izaa087.
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Abstract Background Vitamin D deficiency has been implicated in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease. Emerging literature suggests that optimization of vitamin D levels may be associated with improvements in disease activity and quality of life. We conducted a meta-analysis exploring the effect of vitamin D on serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (s-25[OH]D) levels, clinical improvement, and biomarkers. Methods MEDLINE, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, and sources for grey literature were searched from inception until September 2019. The primary outcome was s-25(OH)D mean differences. Heterogeneity was assessed using the χ 2 test and the I2 statistic. Review Manager software v. 5.3 was used. Results Twelve randomized controlled trials (n = 611) and 4 observational studies (n = 359) were included in the meta-analysis. On average, in the randomized controlled trials, vitamin D supplementation increased s-25(OH)D levels by 15.50 ng/mL (95% confidence interval [CI], 11.08-19.92, P ≤ 0.00001, I2 = 90%) and in observational studies they increased by 18.39 ng/mL (95% CI, 8.91-27.88, P = 0.0001, I2 = 82%). Subgroup analyses between vitamin D and placebo groups revealed that vitamin D increased s-25(OH)D by 14.85 ng/mL (95% CI, 9.96-19.73, P ≤ 0.00001, I2 = 90%) and when high doses of vitamin D were compared with low doses, high doses increased s-25(OH)D by 18.27 ng/mL (95% CI, 5.44-31.10, P = 0.005, I2 = 90%). The Harvey Bradshaw Index improved by –1.47 points (95% CI, –2.47 to –0.47, P = 0.004, I2 = 0%) and the high-sensitivity C-reactive protein decreased by –1.58 mg/L (95% CI, –2.95 to –0.21, P = 0.02, I2 = 0%). Conclusions Vitamin D supplementation in patients with IBD and vitamin D deficiency is effective at correcting vitamin D levels and is associated with improvement in clinical and biochemical disease activity scores.
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Iqbal, Romaina, Kamalasanan Ajayan, Ankalmadagu V. Bharathi, Xiaohe Zhang, Shofiqul Islam, Chitthakkudam R. Soman, and Anwar T. Merchant. "Refinement and validation of an FFQ developed to estimate macro- and micronutrient intakes in a south Indian population." Public Health Nutrition 12, no. 1 (January 2009): 12–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980008001845.
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AbstractObjectivePotential error sources in nutrient estimation with the FFQ include inaccurate or biased recall and overestimation or underestimation of intake due to too many or too few items on the FFQ, respectively. Here we report the refinement of an FFQ that overestimated nutrient intake and its validation against multiple 24 h recalls.Study designData on 2527 participants in south India (Trivandrum) were available for the original FFQ (OFFQ) that overestimated nutrient intake (132 food items). After excluding participants with implausible energy intake estimates (<2·72 MJ/d (<650 kcal/d), >15·69 MJ/d (>3750 kcal/d)) we ran stepwise regression analyses with selected nutrients as the outcomes and food intake (servings/d) as predictor variables (n1867). From these results and expert consultation we refined the FFQ (RFFQ), and validated it by comparing intakes obtained with it and the mean of two 24 h recalls among 100 participants.ResultsThe OFFQ overestimated usual daily nutrient intake before and after exclusions [for energy: 13·39 (sd5·46) MJ (3201 (sd1305) kcal) and 10·96 (sd2·65) MJ (2619 (sd634) kcal), respectively]. In stepwise analyses, fifty-seven food items explained 90 % of the variance in nutrients; we retained thirteen food items because participants consumed them at least twice monthly and twelve food items that local nutritionists recommended. Mean energy intake estimated from the RFFQ (eighty-two food items) was 7·94 (sd2·05) MJ (1897 (sd489) kcal). The de-attenuated correlations between mean 24 h recall and RFFQ intakes ranged from 0·25 (vitamin A) to 0·82 (fat).ConclusionWe refined an FFQ that overestimated nutrient intake by shortening and redesigning, and validated it by comparisons with 24 h dietary recall data.
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Dubno, Judy R., Jayne B. Ahlstrom, and Amy R. Horwitz. "Spectral Contributions to the Benefit From Spatial Separation of Speech and Noise." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 45, no. 6 (December 2002): 1297–310. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/1092-4388(2002/104).
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Speech recognition in noise improves when speech and noise sources are separated in space. This benefit has two components whose effects are strongest in different frequency regions: (1) interaural level differences (e.g., head shadow), which are largest at higher frequencies, and (2) interaural time differences, which have their greatest contribution at lower frequencies. Binaural interactions enhance the separation of signals from noise through the use of these interaural differences. Here, the benefit attributable to spatial separation was measured as a function of the low- and high-pass cutoff frequency of speech and noise. Listeners were younger adults with normal hearing, older adults with normal hearing, and older adults with hearing loss. Binaural thresholds for narrowband noises were measured in quiet and in a speech-shaped masker as a function of masker low-pass cutoff frequency. Speech levels corresponding to 50% correct recognition of sentences from the Hearing in Noise Test (HINT) were measured in a 65-dB SPL speech-shaped noise. Thresholds for narrowband noises and for speech were measured with two loudspeaker configurations: (1) signals and speech-shaped noise at 0° azimuth (in front of the listener) and (2) signals at 0° azimuth and speech-shaped noise at 90° azimuth (at the listener's side). The criterion measure was spatial separation benefit, or the difference in thresholds for the two conditions. Benefit of spatial separation for unfiltered speech averaged 6.1 dB for younger listeners with normal hearing, 4.9 dB for older listeners with normal hearing, and 2.7 dB for older listeners with hearing loss. Benefit was differentially affected by low-pass and high-pass filtering, suggesting a trade-off of the contributions of higher frequency interaural level differences and lower frequency interaural timing cues. As expected, older listeners with hearing loss benefited little from the improved signal-to-noise ratios in the higher frequencies resulting from head shadow, but showed some benefit from lower frequency cues. Spatial benefit for older listeners with normal hearing was reduced relative to benefit for younger listeners. This result may be related to older listeners' elevated thresholds at frequencies above 6.0 kHz.
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Ota, Hikari, Kazuhiro Masuoka, Naoyuki Uchida, Izumi Kaihori, Yuki Taya, Aya Nishida, Taichi Ikebe, et al. "Possible Two Different Mechanisms of Engraftment Failure in Cord Blood Transplantation: Graft Rejection and Poor Graft Function." Blood 118, no. 21 (November 18, 2011): 651. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v118.21.651.651.
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Abstract Abstract 651 Backgrounds: Engraft failure remains a critical issue to be solved especially after cord blood transplantation (CBT). The factors such as limited doses of infused total nucleated (TNC) and CD34+ cells, HLA disparity, and anti-HLA antibodies are considered to induce engraftment failure. We studied the patterns and mechanisms of engraftment failure for patients who failed engraftment after CBT. Patients/methods: Medical charts on 429 transplant recipients of single unit CB with hematological diseases as the first allogeneic HSCT at Toranomon Hospital between January 2002 and May 2011 were retrospectively reviewed. Patients who did not meet the criteria of engraftment were subjected to the following analysis. Engraftment was defined when the neutrophil counts exceeded 0.5 × 109/L for 3 consecutive tests. Patients who died or had progressive disease before day 28 post-transplant were excluded. Result: Among 429 recipients, 67 were excluded due to early death before day 28 (n=52) and disease progression (n=15). In remaining 362 patients, 31 were diagnosed as engraftment failure. Median age was 62 years (range, 17–71). Underlying diseases were AML (n=16), ALL (n=5), MDS (n=2), NHL (n=6), and SAA (n=2). Twenty-three (74%) were in high risk disease status (MDS RAEB and beyond, or AL, NHL not in remission). Conditioning regimens mainly comprised of purine analogue-based reduced-toxicity regimens with fludarabine phosphate (125-180 mg/m2), melphalan (80-140 mg/m2) or busulfan (8-16 mg/kg) and 0–4 Gy of total body irradiation (TBI), and others. Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis comprised of tacrolimus (TAC) (n=13) or cyclosporine alone (n=8), and TAC + mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) (n=10). Median number of total nucleated cells (TNC) and CD34+ cells were 2.45×106 /kg (range, 1.94 – 4.20), and 0.76×105 /kg (range, 0.21 – 1.35), respectively. Three had 1 antigen mismatch and 28 had 2 antigen mismatches in serological HLA typing, and 15 had allelic mismatches in more than 3 loci between host and graft. Twenty-two (71%) showed recipient-dominant chimerism (donor type <5%) at the diagnosis of engraftment failure, which were designated as graft rejection, and the other 9 (29%) showed donor-dominancy (donor type >90%), designated as poor graft function. Anti-HLA antibodies were present in 7 of the 13 patients tested (54%), including 2 (28%) who had a donor-specific antigen that targeted against UCB unit used. All these 7 patients who had anti-HLA antibody showed the graft rejection pattern. T-cell donor-recipient chimeric status was assessed in 14 patients. Nine who showed complete recipient dominant chimerism in T-cell fraction (donor type <5%) at early transplant phase (median day15, range, 8–17) developed graft rejection. In 9 patients who achieved complete donor chimerism, 4 complicated persistent infection (sepsis, invasive pulmonary aspergillosis), and the other 5 developed hemophagocytic syndrome (HPS). There were no statistically significant differences between graft rejection group versus poor graft function group in terms of TNC, CD34+ cell dose, HLA disparity, disease type (myeloid vs. lymphoid), disease status (standard vs. high), pretransplant conditioning (presence vs. absence of melphalan, or TBI), and GVHD prophylaxis (presence vs. absence of MMF) in this study. Discussion: These data demonstrated that the graft rejection pattern comprised 70% of engraftment failure. Presence of anti-HLA antibody showed close correlation with graft rejection, suggesting antigen-mediated graft rejection mechanism following CBT. Recipient dominant T-cell chimerism at early transplant phase (around day 15) strongly indicates impending graft rejection. All patients who showed poor graft function pattern accompanied by severe infection and/or HPS. This pattern is rarely seen in HSCT of other stem cell sources, suggesting unique characteristics of immune cells in CB graft as we reported. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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Beish, Clayton E. "The German Peasants' War, edited and trans. by T. Scott and B. Scribner - The Radical Reformation, edited and trans. by M. G. Baylor - The German Peasants' War and Anabaptist Community of Goods, by J. M. Stayer." Arc: The Journal of the School of Religious Studies 21 (May 1, 1993): 107–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.26443/arc.v21i.651.
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The author in this one submission offers a review of three different books, which all seek to discuss the German Peasants' War of 1524-1525. 1. The German Peasants' War: A History in Documents. Eds. and trans. Tom Scott and Bob Scribner. New Jersey and London: Humanities Press International, Inc., 1991. ISBN 0-391-03681-5. Pp. xvii+355. 2. The Radical Reformation. Ed. and trans. Michael G. Baylor. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1991. ISBN 0-521-37073-6. Pp. xxxvii+295. 3. The German Peasants' War and Anabaptist Community of Goods. By James M. Stayer. Montreal: McGill-Queens University Press, 1991. ISBN 0-7735-0842-2. Pp. x+227.
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Thomas, Max, James France, Odile Crabeck, Benjamin Hall, Verena Hof, Dirk Notz, Tokoloho Rampai, et al. "The Roland von Glasow Air-Sea-Ice Chamber (RvG-ASIC): an experimental facility for studying ocean–sea-ice–atmosphere interactions." Atmospheric Measurement Techniques 14, no. 3 (March 5, 2021): 1833–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amt-14-1833-2021.
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Abstract. Sea ice is difficult, expensive, and potentially dangerous to observe in nature. The remoteness of the Arctic Ocean and Southern Ocean complicates sampling logistics, while the heterogeneous nature of sea ice and rapidly changing environmental conditions present challenges for conducting process studies. Here, we describe the Roland von Glasow Air-Sea-Ice Chamber (RvG-ASIC), a laboratory facility designed to reproduce polar processes and overcome some of these challenges. The RvG-ASIC is an open-topped 3.5 m3 glass tank housed in a cold room (temperature range: −55 to +30 ∘C). The RvG-ASIC is equipped with a wide suite of instruments for ocean, sea ice, and atmospheric measurements, as well as visible and UV lighting. The infrastructure, available instruments, and typical experimental protocols are described. To characterise some of the technical capabilities of our facility, we have quantified the timescale over which our chamber exchanges gas with the outside, τl=(0.66±0.07) d, and the mixing rate of our experimental ocean, τm=(4.2±0.1) min. Characterising our light field, we show that the light intensity across the tank varies by less than 10 % near the centre of the tank but drops to as low as 60 % of the maximum intensity in one corner. The temperature sensitivity of our light sources over the 400 to 700 nm range (PAR) is (0.028±0.003) W m−2 ∘C−1, with a maximum irradiance of 26.4 W m−2 at 0 ∘C; over the 320 to 380 nm range, it is (0.16±0.1) W m−2 ∘C−1, with a maximum irradiance of 5.6 W m−2 at 0 ∘C. We also present results characterising our experimental sea ice. The extinction coefficient for PAR varies from 3.7 to 6.1 m−1 when calculated from irradiance measurements exterior to the sea ice and from 4.4 to 6.2 m−1 when calculated from irradiance measurements within the sea ice. The bulk salinity of our experimental sea ice is measured using three techniques, modelled using a halo-dynamic one-dimensional (1D) gravity drainage model, and calculated from a salt and mass budget. The growth rate of our sea ice is between 2 and 4 cm d−1 for air temperatures of (-9.2±0.9) ∘C and (-26.6±0.9) ∘C. The PAR extinction coefficients, vertically integrated bulk salinities, and growth rates all lie within the range of previously reported comparable values for first-year sea ice. The vertically integrated bulk salinity and growth rates can be reproduced well by a 1D model. Taken together, the similarities between our laboratory sea ice and observations in nature, as well as our ability to reproduce our results with a model, give us confidence that sea ice grown in the RvG-ASIC is a good representation of natural sea ice.
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Grotkamp, Nadine. "Edoardo Volterra, Materiali per una raccolta dei senatus consulta (753 a.C.–312 d.C.), hg. Alessia Terrinioni und Pierangelo Buongiorno, Rom (École française de Rome) 2018 (Sources et documents 8), X, 601 S., ISBN 978-2-7283-1344-0 (brosch.), € 40,–." Klio 103, no. 2 (November 9, 2021): 729–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/klio-2021-3004.
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Ismail, Alaa, Anas Ismail, Ameera Alazar, Mosab Saman, Ayham Abu-Elqomboz, and Fawzi Khalil Sharaf. "E-Learning Medical Education in Gaza During COVID-19: Students’ Experiences and Policy Recommendations." Journal of Medical Education and Curricular Development 10 (January 2023): 238212052311642. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/23821205231164228.
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Objectives We explored medical students’ perspectives on and experiences of e-learning in Gaza and proposed relevant policy recommendations. Methods We administered an online questionnaire to medical students in Gaza exploring (1) demographics, computer skills, and time spent on e-learning; (2) students’ perception and challenges of e-learning; and (3) students’ preferences of continuing medical e-learning in the future. Analysis was done using SPSS version 23. Results Out of 1830 students invited, 470 responded, and 227 of them were basic-level students. More female students responded (58.3%, n = 256). Most participants ( n = 413, 87.9%) reported moderate to high computer skills allowing them to access e-learning. Before coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19), over two-thirds ( n = 321, 68.3%) spent 0-3 hours on e-learning. After COVID-19, the majority shifted, and 306 students (65.1%) reported spending at least 7 hours on various e-learning sources. The challenges for clinical-level students were mainly related to lack of practical training in the hospital ( n = 196, 80%), followed by lack of interactions with real patients ( n = 167, 68.7%). As for basic-level students, a majority ( n = 120, 52.8%) reported lack of practical skills (eg, lab skills) as a challenge followed by unreliable internet access ( n = 119, 52.4%). Pre-recoded lectures, readily available educational videos were used more than live lectures. Less than a third of all students ( n = 147, 31.3%) wanted e-learning in the next term. Conclusions Medical students in Gaza don’t have a favourable experience with online medical education. There need to be actions to help overcome the challenges faced by students. This requires orchestrated actions by the government, universities, and local and international organizations.
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Chen, Christiane I. U., Holden T. Maecker, Wesley H. Neal, Rhoda Falkow, and Peter P. Lee. "Anti-Leukemia Immune Responses in CML Patients Treated with Imatinib Mesylate." Blood 106, no. 11 (November 16, 2005): 1108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v106.11.1108.1108.
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Abstract Imatinib mesylate, a selective inhibitor of the bcr/abl tyrosine kinase, has revolutionized the treatment of patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML). Most CML patients in chronic phase achieve hematologic remission with imatinib, while some achieve cytogenetic remission. As imatinib is an oral agent with few side effects, it has rapidly become the first-line therapy for most CML patients. However, this therapy does not represent a cure, as patients who discontinue the drug invariably relapse. Furthermore, imatinib resistance is beginning to emerge in some patients. Hence, the need to find alternate, potentially curative, therapies for CML remains. To date, the only curative treatment for CML is allogeneic bone marrow or stem cell transplantation (ABMT). A major mechanism of the curative potential of ABMT is immunological, as evidenced by the poor clinical outcome with T cell-depleted ABMT, and the efficacy of donor lymphocyte infusions (DLI) upon relapse. We hypothesized that an effective anti-leukemia immune response may emerge in patients entering remission on imatinib which may contribute to its clinical effectiveness. If so, strategies to further enhance this anti-leukemia immune response may lead to a potential cure. To determine if CML patients in remission on imatinib develop anti-leukemia immune responses, blood and bone marrow samples from patients before and after treatment were collected and analyzed. Pre-treatment samples were utilized as sources of autologous leukemic cells to detect anti-leukemia immune responses in post-treatment samples in IFN-g ELISPOT assays. Pre-treatment samples alone, post-treatment samples alone, and when available, serial post-treatment samples mixed together served as controls. In 9 of 14 patients investigated, IFN-g release was detected in pre- and post-treatment samples together with a median response of 22 spots above background (range 10 – 56 dots, p<0.01), whereas serial post-treatment samples together in 8 patients yielded results similar to background (median 5, range 5 – 20). In 6 of these patients in hematologic (or cytogenetic) remission, sufficient cells were available to allow additional analyses via intracellular staining for IFN-g, TNF-a, and IL-2 in autologous leukemia stimulated T cells (CD4 and CD8) and NK cells. In 4 of 6 patients, leukemia-reactive T cells were detected, most prominently in CD4+ T cells expressing TNF-a (1.4 – 37%), followed by IL-2 (0.3 – 12%) and IFN-g (0.1 – 4.6%). NK cells did not show significant expression of these cytokines upon stimulation with autologous leukemia cells. In pre-treatment and post-treatment samples alone, IL-2, TNF-a, and IFN-g expression was not detectable (0 – 0.5%). These results suggest that a significant portion of CML patients in remission with imatinib develop an anti-leukemia immune response, most notably in CD4+ T cells. Mechanisms by which imatinib treatment leads to anti-leukemia immune responses, and the molecular targets to which these cells are directed, will be further investigated. This knowledge will be useful in the development of immunotherapy strategies against CML as well as other leukemias, and raises the hope that immunotherapy may be combined with imatinib to eradicate residual leukemia cells for a durable cure of the disease. intracellular cytokine staining CD4+ T Cells CD8+ T Cells IL-2 IFN- γ TNF- α IL-2 IFN- γ TNF- α pt 1 0.3 0 0.8 0.1 0.1 0.5 pt 1 0.3 0.1 1.4 0.1 0.1 0.4 pt 2 2.6 0.8 10.3 2.2 2.1 6.1 pt 3 21 2 37 2.3 0.7 1.7 pt 4 12 4.6 19 6.3 1.8 5.8
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Liu, Bowen. "Linear instability of elliptic rhombus solutions to the planar four-body problem." Nonlinearity 34, no. 11 (October 6, 2021): 7728–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6544/ac288e.
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Abstract In this paper, we study the linear stability of the elliptic rhombus solutions, which are the Keplerian homographic solution with the rhombus central configurations in the classical planar four-body problems. Using ω-Maslov index theory and trace formula, we prove the linear instability of elliptic rhombus solutions if the shape parameter u and the eccentricity of the elliptic orbit e satisfy ( u , e ) ∈ ( 1 / 3 , u 2 ) × 0 , f ^ ( 27 4 ) − 1 / 2 ∪ ( u 2 , 1 / u 2 ) × 0 , 1 ∪ ( 1 / u 2 , 3 ) × 0 , f ^ ( 27 4 ) − 1 / 2 where u 2 ≈ 0.6633 and f ^ ( 27 4 ) − 1 / 2 ≈ 0.4454 . Motivated on numerical results of the linear stability to the elliptic Lagrangian solutions in Martínez et al (2006 J. Differ. Equ. 226 619–651), we further analytically prove the linear instability of elliptic rhombus solutions for ( u , e ) ∈ ( 1 / 3 , 3 ) × 0 , 1 .
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Schulz, Christina-Alexandra, Leonie Weinhold, Matthias Schmid, Ute Nöthlings, and Marcus M. Nöthen. "Dietary Patterns, Genetic Predisposition, and Cognitive Function in the UK Biobank." Current Developments in Nutrition 5, Supplement_2 (June 2021): 1090. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzab053_083.
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Abstract Objectives Elucidating the role of dietary intake in cognitive function, and neurodegenerative disease development is important for prevention. The Mediterranean diet has shown to be beneficial for cognitive function and prevention of neurodegenerative disease. Yet, evidence for other dietary patterns are inconclusive. Since heritability of cognitive functions is substantial, a beneficial diet might mitigate genetic disposition. Therefore, we investigate if dietary patterns are associated with general cognitive function, considering individual genetic disposition. This research has been conducted using the UK Biobank Resource. Methods At baseline, participants reported the frequency of consumption of main foods via a dietary touchscreen questionnaire and filled in a verbal-numerical reasoning (VNR) test, which measures fluid intelligence. A diet score including 7 components: vegetables, fruit, fish, processed meat, unprocessed meat, whole grain, and refined grain was constructed. Participants were categorized into a low (0–1), intermediate (2–5), and high (6–7) diet score. A polygenic score (PGS), previously associated in GWAS with general cognitive function, was constructed. Participants were categorized into low (Quintile 1), intermediate (Q 2–4), and high (Q 5) PGS group. Linear regression was used to test whether the diet score associates with fluid intelligence, and to test if genetic predisposition modifies the association. Results The mean diet score of the 104,898 participants (46% male, mean age 57.1 (SD 8.0) years) was 3.9 (SD 1.4) points. In the VNR-test on average 6.1 (SD 2.1) questions were answered correctly. After multivariate adjustment a positive association between fluid intelligence and the PGS (P < 0.001), but no association between fluid intelligence and the diet score (P = 0.703) was observed. When stratified according to PGS groups, similar results were observed for the association between fluid intelligence and the diet score. Conclusions No evidence was found that the investigated diet score was associated with fluid intelligence. As previously reported, genetic disposition was strongly associated with cognitive performance. Funding Sources This work was partly supported by Diet–Body–Brain (DietBB), the Competence Cluster in Nutrition Research funded by the Federal Ministry of Education and Research (FKZ: 01EA1410A).
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Oda, Gina, Cynthia Lucero-Obusan, Patricia Schirmer, and Mark Holodniy. "Prevalence of Drug-Resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis in the Veterans Health Administration (VHA)." Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology 41, S1 (October 2020): s357—s359. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ice.2020.979.
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Background: In 2018, the CDC reported that isoniazid (INH)-resistant and multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MDR-TB, ie, resistant to at least INH and rifampin) represented 9.3% and 1.5% of TB cases, respectively, in the United States. Objective: We analyzed the prevalence of drug-resistant TB within the Veterans Health Administration (VHA) to determine factors associated with hospitalization. Method: Patients were identified using Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists case definition for laboratory-confirmed TB by querying VHA data sources from January 1, 2010, to June 30, 2019. Susceptibility results were included for isolates from all body sites. Using a 2-proportion z test, we compared the following demographic factors for susceptible versus drug-resistant TB: age, gender, race/ethnicity, location of residence and birth. We also assessed the following clinical and hospitalization factors: pulmonary versus extrapulmonary disease, latent TB infection (LTBI) screening and treatment, length of stay (LOS), intensive care unit (ICU) stay, and death. Results: In total, 878 patients had lab-confirmed TB, and 812 (92%) had electronic drug-susceptibility results available. Of 812 patients, 49 (6%) showed anti-TB drug resistance (Fig. 1), which was less than that reported nationally by the CDC (Fig. 2). No patients had extensively drug-resistant TB. Only 18 of 49 patients (37%) with resistant TB had LTBI screening ≥3 months prior to diagnosis. Among 6 patients with LTBI, 3 (50%) received treatment. Patient state of residence was the only demographic factor associated with resistant TB. Arizona, Iowa, Massachusetts, Montana, Nevada, South Dakota, and Utah were significantly associated with drug-resistant TB cases (P < .05); however, overall numbers of VHA TB cases in these states were low. Patients with resistant TB were more likely to have extrapulmonary TB (13 of 49, 26.5%) than patients with susceptible TB (111 of 763, 14.5%; P < .05) (Table 1). Mortality at 30 and 90 days for resistant versus susceptible TB cases did not differ significantly: 6.1% versus 5.1% at 30 days (P = .75) and 10.2% versus 10.6% at 90 days (P = 0.92), respectively. The proportion of drug-resistant TB cases hospitalized did not differ from susceptible cases (59% vs 63%), respectively (P = .62) nor did the proportion with ICU stay (14.3% vs 12.3%), respectively (P = .40). Median LOS for drug-resistant TB cases and susceptible cases were similar: 5 days (range, 0–303 versus 4 days (range, 0–111), respectively. Conclusions: Rates of drug-resistant TB are lower in the VHA than in the general US population. However, improvement is needed in LTBI screening and treatment rates. Little has been published on drug resistance in extrapulmonary TB; however, our findings should alert clinicians to the possibility of resistance in these challenging infections.Funding: NoneDisclosures: None
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Krizek, Donald T., Roman M. Mirecki, Steven J. Britz, William G. Harris, and Richard W. Thimijan. "USE OF MICROWAVE-POWERED LAMPS AS A NEW HIGH INTENSITY LIGHTING SOURCE IN PLANT GROWTH CHAMBERS: SPECTRAL CHARACTERISTICS." HortScience 28, no. 5 (May 1993): 538c—538. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.28.5.538c.
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The broad-band characteristics of microwave-powered E lamps (Fusion Systems Corp.) were determined in an EGC growth chamber with a water-cooled light cap and a plexiglass barrier. Radiation measurements were made from 0.29 to 3) μm with an Eppley PSP pyranometer and from 3 to 50 μm with an Eppley PIR pyrgeometer. Photosynthetic photon flux (PPF) was measured with a LI-COR quantum sensor. At full power, the lamps provided over 1700 μmol m-2 s-1 of PPF, 47.8 kW m-2 from 0.29 to 3 μm, and 678 W m-2 from 3 to 50 μm, and at half power, 650 μmol m-2 s-1 of PPF, 17.1 kW m-2 from 0.29 to 3 μm, and 404 W m-2 from 3 to 50 μm at a distance of 1.2 m. Spectral measurements were made every 2 nm from 250 to 792 nm with an Optronics Lab Model 752 spectroradiometer under a single bare lamp. Based on total irradiance between 250 and 792 nm, the distribution of irradiance from 250-280, 280-320, 320-400, 400-700, and 700-792 nm was 0, 0, 1.5, 88.1, and 10.5% for the E lamp and 0, 0.6, 7.8, 73.6, and 18.2% for a mid-day June sun at Beltsville, MD respectively. The phytochrome photoequilibrium for E lamps was calculated at 0.76 as compared to 0.72 for sunlight.
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Sahm, Stephan, Thomas Goehler, Christiane Hering-Schubert, Jan Janssen, Ulf Peter Neumann, Michael Schwittay, Mark-Oliver Zahn, Karsten Guenter Stenzel, Alma Katharina Steinbach-Buechert, and Friedrich Overkamp. "Outcome of patients with KRAS exon 2 wildtype (KRAS-wt) metastatic colorectal carcinoma (mCRC) with cetuximab-based first-line treatment in the noninterventional study ERBITAG and impact of comorbidity and age." Journal of Clinical Oncology 34, no. 4_suppl (February 1, 2016): 651. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2016.34.4_suppl.651.
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651 Background: Cetuximab in combination with irinotecan- or oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy has shown to increase ORR, PFS, OS of KRAS-wt mCRC patients (pts). ERBITAG aimed to evaluate safety and efficacy of cetuximab in combination with various first-line chemotherapy regimens in pts with unresectable KRAS-wt mCRC. Methods: KRAS-wt pts on a cetuximab-based first-line treatment with written informed consent could be enrolled in this prospective, non-interventional study. Primary endpoint was ORR, secondary endpoints were amongst others PFS, OS, TTF, and resection rate of liver metastasis. Comorbidities were documented and evaluated by the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI). Results: 817 eligible KRAS-wt mCRC pts were enrolled at 144 sites across Germany, documentations for 456 pts were finalised and evaluated. The median age was 65 [27-87] yrs, with 51.5% ≤65 yrs, 34.0% >65-75 yrs, and 14.5% >75 yrs. ECOG performance status was 0, 1, 2, or missing in 34.4%, 49.6%, 8.8%, and 7.2% of pts, respectively. CCI was 0 in 54.4%, and ≥1 in 45.6%. Resection of liver and/or lung metastases was done in 17.3% of pts, 13.4% were R0 resected. For pts with liver limited disease resection rate and R0-rate were 29.3% and 23.8%, respectively. Pts with CCI 0 had no different outcome regardless of age (table). Pts with CCI ≥1 and >75 yrs had a lower ORR and decreased TTF, pts >65-75 yrs had only a decreased TTF as compared to the ≤ 65 yrs age group (table). Conclusions: In this large observational trial outcomes (ORR and PFS) of KRAS-wt mCRC pts on a cetuximab-based first-line treatment were comparable to those reported in pivotal trials. Pts older than 75 yrs without comorbidities (CCI =0) showed no difference to younger pts in ORR, PFS, and TTF. Pts >75 yrs with CCI ≥ 1 had a significant lower ORR and decreased TTF. Clinical trial information: http://www.vfa.de/de/arzneimittel-forschung/datenbanken-zu-arzneimitteln/nisdb/nis-details/_455. [Table: see text]
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Hussein, Anmar Sael, and Saja Jamal Noman. "Production of Melanin from Aspergillus fumigatus as an Avirulence Factor." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL QUALITY ASSURANCE 10, no. 04 (December 21, 2019): 651–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.25258/ijpqa.10.4.16.
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In this quantitative examination of melanin was detected in 41 isolates of fumigatus. It was found that the significance of the difference in which the production of melanin (p ˂ 0.001) was the range of melanin extracted from fumigatus between (1.2 - 3.1 mg/mL). The isolates AFU1, AFU14, AFU29, AFU30, and AFU41 indicated that the maximum production ranged between (2.9-3.1 mg/mL). 2 hours at 100°C. It has similarities with standard melanin characters, and the same chemical characters of melanin extracted from the hymen of Bjerkandara adusta have been achieved according to a study (14) meaning there is similarity with standard melanin. The overlay of IR spectra of synthetic melanin extracted from fungal cultures showed a high degree of similarity. Purification of melanin from A. fumigatus. Wave numbers shown in 3381, 2927, 1867, 1531, 1404, 1073 and 651 cm-1 The wave range can be traced to the following chemical groups: 3381 cm-1 attributed to OH bonds, 2927 cm-1 to HC or HC = 0 bonds 1404 (C-CH3), and 651 cm -1 to (acyclic) CH2 bonds.
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Filippidis, A., N. Kantiranis, and A. Tsirambides. "THE MINERALOGICAL COMPOSITION OF THRACE ZEOLITIC ROCKS AND THEIR POTENTIAL USE AS FEED ADDITIVES AND NUTRITION SUPPLEMENTS." Bulletin of the Geological Society of Greece 50, no. 4 (July 28, 2017): 1820. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/bgsg.14110.
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Thirty two (32) locations of zeolitic rocks from Thrace (29 from Evros prefecture and 3 from Rhodope prefecture) were investigated for their mineralogical composition by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) method. According to EU Regulation No 651/2013, clinoptilolite of sedimentary origin (zeolitic tuffs) with ≥80 wt% clinoptilolite, ≤20 wt% clay minerals, free of fibres and quartz, can be used as feed additive for all animal species. The zeolitic rocks of Thrace on average contain, 23-89 wt% HEUtype zeolite (clinoptilolite-heulandite), 8-45 wt% mordenite (ten locations), 24 wt% analcime (one location), 1-11 wt% mica, 1 11 wt% clay minerals, 3-37 wt% quartz, 2-29 wt% cristobalite, 3-34 wt% feldspars and 0-22 wt% amorphous materials. Only one location contains 89 wt% HEU-type zeolite (clinoptilolite-heulandite), 2 wt% clay minerals, is free of fibres, but unfortunately it contains 3 wt% quartz and 2 wt% cristobalite. Considering the mineralogical composition, the zeolitic rocks of Thrace do not meet the requirements of the EU Regulation No 651/2013, and thus cannot be used as feed additives for all animal species and consequently as nutrition supplements, since the zeolitic rocks in all locations, contain on average 3-37 wt% quartz, 2-29 wt% cristobalite, 8-45 wt% mordenite (fibrous zeolite) in 10 locations, 24-65 wt% zeolites (HEU-type ± mordenite ± analcime) in 28 locations, 74 wt% HEUtype zeolite in 2 locations and 77 wt% HEU-type zeolite in 1 location.
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Wiguna, Rindra Agung. "The Juridical Review of Notaries Who Actually As State Officers in the Concept of Legal Assurance." Sultan Agung Notary Law Review 4, no. 2 (August 6, 2022): 641. http://dx.doi.org/10.30659/sanlar.4.2.641-651.
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In legal research, legal theory becomes a scalpel to analyze problems using legal certainty theory and liability theory. This study uses three (3) sources of data, namely legal materials, namely primary, secondary and tertiary legal materials, while data collection techniques use library research. Data analysis using qualitative analysis method using deductive logic and described analytically descriptive. The results of the research found the rules regarding the prohibition of a Notary concurrently serving as a state official in Article 17 paragraph (1) letter d of Act No. 2 of 2014 concerning amendments to Act No. 30 of 2004 concerning Notary Positions. So it can be concluded that a Notary concurrently serving as a state official is a violation of the law, the Notary Supervisory Board has the right to conduct an examination of alleged violations and impose sanctions on a Notary if proven to have committed a violation.
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Franchi, Massimo. "A REPRESENTATION THEORY FOR POLYNOMIAL COFRACTIONALITY IN VECTOR AUTOREGRESSIVE MODELS." Econometric Theory 26, no. 4 (November 4, 2009): 1201–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266466609990508.
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We extend the representation theory of the autoregressive model in the fractional lag operator of Johansen (2008, Econometric Theory 24, 651–676). A recursive algorithm for the characterization of cofractional relations and the corresponding adjustment coefficients is given, and it is shown under which condition the solution of the model is fractional of order d and displays cofractional relations of order d − b and polynomial cofractional relations of order d − 2b,…, d − cb ≥ 0 for integer c; the cofractional relations and the corresponding moving average representation are characterized in terms of the autoregressive coefficients by the same algorithm. For c = 1 and c = 2 we find the results of Johansen (2008).
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Mizushima, Yasuyuki, and Izumi Hirabayashi. "Preparation of YBa2Cu3O7−δ thin film by laser-assisted metal-organic chemical vapor deposition using highly volatile fluorocarbon-based Ba source." Journal of Materials Research 11, no. 11 (November 1996): 2698–702. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1996.0341.
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Superconducting oxide films of YBa2Cu3O7−δ (YBCO) were produced on magnesia (MgO) single crystalline substrates (100) by laser-assisted metal-organic chemical vapor deposition. The highly volatile Ba(hfa)2 · tetraglyme was used as a Ba source metal-organic material. Smoother surface YBCO film was obtained with KrF laser irradiation than without. However, KrF laser irradiation does not lower the temperature for formation of YBCO(123) phase. YBCO film prepared at 750 °C on the MgO substrate showed a Tc(R = 0) of 69 K, and that prepared with KrF laser irradiation was 85 K. When water was added to the reaction chamber, barium fluoride was reduced and the YBCO formation was detected at a temperature of 650 °C and higher. YBCO film prepared at the temperature of 700 °C for 40 min without KrF laser irradiation behaves as a semiconductor, and one prepared with laser irradiation showed a Tc(R = 0) of 78 K.
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Sekiguchi, Chiharu, Masazumi Saito, and Toshihiko Kuwabara. "Measurement and Analysis of the Differential Hardening of Ultralow Carbon Steel Sheets." Key Engineering Materials 651-653 (July 2015): 552–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.651-653.552.
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Multiaxial tube expansion tests were performed to precisely measure the work hardening behavior of mild steel sheets with different r-values for a range of strain from initial yield to fracture. The testing machine is capable of applying an arbitrary linear stress path to a tubular specimen using an electrical, closed-loop servo-control system for the axial force and internal pressure applied to the tubular specimen. Tubular specimens with an inner diameter of 44.6 mm were fabricated from the as-received sheet sample by roller bending and laser welding. Nine linear stress paths, σx(rolling direction) :σy (transverse direction) =1:0, 4:1, 2:1, 4:3, 1:1, 3:4, 1:2, 1:4, and 0:1, in the first quadrant of the principal stress space were applied to the tubular specimens to measure the contours of plastic work and the directions of the plastic strain rates. It was found that the shapes of the measured work contours changed with increasing plastic work, or equivalently with increasing the reference plastic strain ; the test materials exhibited differential hardening (DH). The general trend of the DH appeared to be affected by the average r-value, or equivalently by the texture, of the materials.
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SATO, S., H. KABEYA, A. NEGISHI, H. TSUJIMOTO, K. NISHIGAKI, Y. ENDO, and S. MARUYAMA. "Molecular survey ofBartonella henselaeandBartonella clarridgeiaein pet cats across Japan by species-specific nested-PCR." Epidemiology and Infection 145, no. 13 (August 7, 2017): 2694–700. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0950268817001601.
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SUMMARYCats are known to be the main reservoir forBartonella henselaeandBartonella clarridgeiae, which are the agents of ‘cat-scratch disease’ in humans. In the present study, we investigated the prevalence of the twoBartonellaspecies on 1754 cat bloods collected from all prefectures in Japan during 2007–2008 by a nested-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) targeting the 16S–23S rRNA internal transcribed spacer region. Overall,BartonellaDNA was detected in 4·6% (80/1754) of the cats examined. The nested-PCR showed that 48·8% (39/80) of the positive cats were infected withB. henselaemono-infection, 33·8% (27/80) withB. clarridgeiaemono-infection and 17·5% (14/80) were infected with both species. The prevalence (5·9%; 65/1103) ofBartonellainfection in the western part of Japan was significantly higher than that (2·3%; 15/651) of eastern Japan (P< 0·001). Statistical analysis of the cats examined suggested a significant association betweenBartonellainfection and FeLV infection (OR = 1·9; 95% CI = 1·1–3·4), but not with FIV infection (OR = 1·6; 95% CI = 1·0–2·6).
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Plazuelo-Ramos, P., and E. Loza. "POS0085-PARE CURRENT NEEDS, IMPACT AND PERSPECTIVE OF PATIENTS WITH ANKYLOSING SPONDYLITIS AND PSORIATIC ARTHRITIS." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 81, Suppl 1 (May 23, 2022): 263.2–264. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2022-eular.2302.
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BackgroundThe impact of spondyloarthritis (SpA) and psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is enormous.ObjectivesTo analyse in patients with SpA and PsA current 1) needs; 2) disease impact, and 3) patients’ opinion on treatments, patients-physicians relationship and disease information.MethodsNational survey promoted by CEADE (Spanish Coordinator of Spondyloarthritis Associations). A multidisciplinary working group composed by 1 rheumatologist, 2 patients members of CEADE with SpA and PsA and a methodologist was established. They designed a structured survey (20 minutes long), in electronic format to be answered by patients with SpA and PsA, aged 18 years or above. The survey was launched on April 28, 2021, using CEADE channels to communicate with members and followers, and was closed on June 30, 2021. Sociodemographic and clinical variables were collected (age, sex, disease duration treatments), and variables related to the objectives. A descriptive analysis was performed.ResultsThe survey included 543 patients with SpA (55% ankylosing spondylitis, 86% women, 61% aged 48-64 years, 25% with biological therapies) and 291 patients with PsA (89% women, 73% aged 48-64 years, 40% with biological therapies). In the last month, the reported level of fatigue, morning stiffness and sleep problems of patients with SpA and PsA was considerable. In a scale from 0 (no symptoms) to 10 (high level of symptoms) the means were greater than 8. Almost 80% of patients with SpA described low back pain within the last month and 82.5% of patients with PsA pain, stiffness and/or arthritis on the knees, ankles, feet and/or hands, and 51% dactylitis. Regarding to daily activities, practicing exercise and house cleaning were the most affected ones among patients with SpA and PsA. We found that 70%-74% of these patients were concerned about pain and almost 60%-66% about loss of mobility and autonomy. The impact of the disease on work was in general very high very high. The level of satisfaction with treatments was low in SpA, mean 5.5 (scale from 0 no satisfaction to 10 very satisfied), and moderate in PsA, mean 6.2. Across treatments, the level of satisfaction was higher with biological therapies compared with classical synthetic disease modifying antirheumatic drugs in both disease groups. Many patients (70.2% with SpA and 66% with PsA) are used to live with pain every day. Many of the survey participants (over 50%) hope that treatments will help them recover their quality of life and improve pain, stiffness and fatigue. Oral treatments are preferred over subcutaneous and intravenous drugs in SpA and PsA. Patients also consider that oral treatments have more positive influence on adherence to treatments. A total of 22% of surveyed patients with SpA and 14% with PsA said that their rheumatologists never asked them about the factors that limit their life, 14.3% and 6% that they never talked about the impact of the disease on quality of life, and 43.8% (SpA) and 31.2% (APs) that they do not stablish treatment objectives with the rheumatologist. Almost 30% of participants stated that they would like to have more time to express and discuss doubts and concerns with their rheumatologist, and around 25% would like to have more follow-up visits. Table 1 describes the most used.Table 1.Sources and formats of information about the disease.SpAPsASource of informationSocial networks184 (33.9%)68 (23.4%)Patients associations158 (29.1%)77 (26.5%)Scientific societies70 (12.9%)36 (12.4%)Websites created by rheumatologists165 (30.4%)82 (28.2%)Physician197 (36.3%)117 (40.2%)Nurse33 (6.1%)10 (3.4%)Other/s11 (2.0%)7 (6.9%)FormatGraphic or visual illustrations184 (33.9%)78 (26.8%)Podcasts47 (8.6%)12 (4.1%)Video175 (32.2%)72 (24.7%)Written information (brochures, magazines, newspapers)200 (37.8%)100 (34.4%)News148 (27.2%)72 (24.7%)Chatbots8 (1.5%)2 (0.7%)Other/s10 (1.8%)6 (0.7%)ConclusionCurrent impact of SpA and PsA on daily life is still very high. There are areas for improvement in the doctor-patient relationship and on disease treatments.Disclosure of InterestsNone declared
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Baeriswyl, María Victoria Correa. "Restorations in Chile in the Mid-Twentieth Century: The National Monuments Council and Some of the First Architectural Heritage Interventions." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1203, no. 2 (November 1, 2021): 022002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1203/2/022002.
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Abstract This paper presents the initial results of an ongoing historical research project that addresses some of the first architectural restoration interventions led by the Chilean State through the National Monuments Council, the institution responsible for management of the country’s cultural heritage. The National Monuments Council was created in 1925 by Decree-Law No. 651, the first long-standing legal provision to cover this aspect of cultural heritage. It remained in place for several decades before being superseded in 1970 by the current National Monuments Law (No. 17,288). The State’s first steps in regard to architectural restoration were made possible by this legislation, and by the mid-twentieth century, the National Monuments Council was working systematically to register, analyse and take action to restore the country’s architectural heritage. In 1949, a Conservation Commission was formed as part of the Council, and this body played a key role in the promotion of restoration projects at the time. The National Monuments Council worked in partnership with the General Directorate of Public Works, and efforts on the part of the two public institutions resulted in the creation of an annual budget for architectural restoration. By the 1950s, numerous buildings and sites considered relevant to the national identity were being restored, and efforts were made to emphasise their cultural significance and value. These early interventions were some of the first of their type to be funded by the State and were fundamental to the local architectural historical context. Work focused primarily on religious and military colonial buildings, including churches, chapels and fortresses located the length of Chile. Archival material from the time, such as National Monuments Council session minutes and institutional bulletins drafted under Decree-Law No. 651, provide a record of these early interventions. Analysis of these sources from a technical and theoretical perspective provides insights into the motivations and selection criteria used to establish an order of priority for the restoration of buildings and sites. This paper presents the main actions taken at a time when architectural restoration was first being promoted by the Chilean State and explores how these provided the foundations upon which future development of the local discipline would occur.
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Cserti, Christine M., Michael Ward, and Lynne Uhl. "Impact of a Policy To Use Only Group O Red Cell Transfusions for Recipients with Fewer-than-Twice Established ABO Types: A Feasible Means To Reduce Potential ABO-Incompatible Transfusion Errors." Blood 108, no. 11 (November 16, 2006): 970. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v108.11.970.970.
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Abstract Background: A Group O Policy, which issues group O red blood cells (O-RBC) to recipients whose ABO types have not been duplicated on at least 2 separate occasions, has been in place at this 550-bed hospital since 1991. Its inception was a response to the frequency of wrong blood in tube (WBIT) events identified by discrepant serial ABO typings, which had been disproportionately concentrated among critically ill patients, a population at high risk of transfusion and misdraw. This policy was thought to better address such sources of mistransfusion error than delivery-based patient identification technologies. Methods: For the period from 1/1/2004 - 12/31/2005, the policy’s impact was reviewed according to utilization of O-RBC, frequency of critical O-RBC shortage, intervals to type confirmation, the identification of protracted users of policy O-RBC, the frequency of WBIT events as revealed by ABO typing discrepancies, the frequency of ABO-incompatible transfusion errors, and the frequency with which ABO-incompatible transfusion errors were averted as a result of the policy. Results: In 2004, 479 (4.5%) of a total of 10,575 units of O-RBC were transfused due to the policy. In 2005, 689 (6.1%) of a total of 11,293 units of O-RBC were transfused due to the policy. Increase in the use of O-RBC from 2004 to 2005 was by 718 units (6.7%), while the increase in the use of group O-RBC for the policy increased disproportionately by 210 units (43.8%). Over the 2 year period, a monthly median excess of 43 units (range 24–85) of O-RBC were issued in accordance with the policy. Daily excess use of O-RBC for the policy was a median of 1 unit (range 0–19). There were 291 days when no policy-related O-RBC were used, and only 3 days when more than 10 units were used. The interval between a 1st and 2nd (confirmatory) typing, when achieved, occurred within 24 hours for 15.4% of patients, but was a median of 23 days, and ranged from minutes to 21.5 years. Confirmatory re-typing activity within less than 72h of the 1st occurred in a minority of 28%, possibly reflecting nonessential repetition and/or deliberate action to release patients from policy-related O-RBC restrictions. Patients who were protracted users of Group O policy blood (no confirmatory type and/or repeatedly indeterminate typing) were neonates (310 units [26.5%]) and recipients of ABO-incompatible hematopoietic stem cell transplants (76 units [6.5%]). The blood bank identified misdrawn blood through typing discrepancies in 6 patients over 2 years. Transfusion occurred uneventfully in 3 of these 6, as the misdraw was made apparent by comparison with prior typings on file in 2, and patient knowledge of correct type in 1. The misdrawn specimen was the 1st one in 2 of 6. Of the 3 who were not transfused, the misdraw suggested a type that would have led in all to the transfusion of clinically incompatible blood, had the knowledge of prior type, and the policy, both been absent. ABO-incompatible red cell transfusion errors did not occur, although this was a greater function of luck than the policy in the interval. Conclusions: A policy instituted to prevent ABO-incompatible transfusion errors, by providing O-RBC to those with unconfirmed blood types, appeared to be both feasible, and potentially mistransfusion-preventative, at a high-volume tertiary-care teaching hospital.
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Saccardi, Riccardo, Myriam Labopin, Annalisa Ruggeri, Chantal Kenzey, Wagnara Chaves, Renato Cunha, Eliane Gluckman, and Vanderson Rocha. "Determining Late Engraftment Following Single Cord, Unrelated Transplantation: An Analysis of the Eurocord Registry." Blood 118, no. 21 (November 18, 2011): 650. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v118.21.650.650.
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Abstract Abstract 650 INTRODUCTION. The most prominent clinical problem in CB transplant is a slower engraftment kinetic, as compared to the conventional SC sources. Engraftment failure is usually defined in CB transplantation as a lack of PMN recovery 60 days after transplant, whilst a definition of late engraftment is currently lacking. A late engraftment is a major cause of transplant-related mortality (TRM), due to the prolonged exposure of the recipient to the infective and hemorrhagic risk. After the HSCT, the probability of engraftment at each time interval tends to increase up to a maximum and then gradually decreases, which is typically represented by a sinusoid curve. The decrease of engraftment probability after transplant results in a rapidly increasing risk of TRM; therefore such a turning point should be considered the beginning of a risk phase for late/no engraftment. Therefore, it is important to find the time point after UCBT in which the probability of engraftment will decrease in order to help taking a decision for rescue with a second transplant. We analyzed the clinical expectations beyond this time in a homogenous population of CB recipients. PATIENTS AND METHODS. We investigated the engraftment kinetic in a population of 1215 patients who received a single, unrelated CB transplant for Acute Leukemia (AL) in Complete Remission (CR) following a Myeloablative Conditioning Regimen (MAC). All patients were transplanted in EBMT Centers and reported to the Eurocord Registry from 1994 to 2010. Ratio Lymphoid/Myeloid Leukemias was 769/445, reflecting a major proportion of pediatric patients over adults (857/357). Patients were transplanted in first (43.4%), second (46,6%), or third or subsequent remission (10%), respectively. Median (range) age at transplant was 9.5 (0.3-63) years. Median weight (Kg) at transplant was 33 (5-112). Out of 1089 patients evaluable for HLA-matching, 601 (55.2%) were mismatched for 0–1 loci, 448 (41.1%) for 2 loci and 40 (3.6%) for more than 2 loci. Fifty percent of the patients had a TBI-based myeloablative regimen. Data on TNC counts at freezing of transplanted CBU were available in 963 cases: median and range were 5 (1.1-41.83)x107/Kg. RESULTS. The median FU was 30 months (1-174). At 24 months overall survival was 49±2%, TRM was 32±2%. Median time of engraftment was 24 days (10-133) with a cumulative incidence of 86±1% at day 60. Analyzing the cumulative curve of engraftment, we considered the engraftment probability within intervals of five days after the transplant; in fact the highest probability of engraftment was at day 25 and dropped of 50% at day 42. Among 167 patients (13.7%) who did not engraft at this time, 63 patients (38%) experienced a late engraftment with a median time of 47 days (43-131) after transplant. The cumulative incidence of engraftment at 120 days was 37% and 38% at day 180 without any further increasing later on. Out of the 104 patients who never engrafted, 74 died and major causes of death were bacterial (17%), viral (10%) and fungal (9%) infections, respectively, whilst 30 patients are alive at the last follow up. Information of graft failure treatment was available for 84 patients. Twenty eight did not receive any treatment (25 died at a median time of 80 days form UCBT), 24 had an autologous back up and 32 underwent a second allogeneic HSCT (14 second UCBT, 9 Haplo PBSC and 9 unrelated BMT). Of those 32, 17 patients engrafted, 5 relapsed; 24 died, 8 are alive at last follow up. CONCLUSIONS: The maximum probability of engraftment after UCBT for patients with AL in remission is at day 25 and halves at day 42, thus suggesting that a clinical decision should be made within this period. In particular, rescue actions, such as infusion of another graft, either allogeneic of autologous, should be considered. Such a model can be applied to different subsets of patients and is particularly useful in transplant at high risk of late engraftment such as UCBT. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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Moreno Pereira Lacerda, Sara, Joseane Oliveira da Silva, and Felizardo Adenilson Rocha. "Lodo de esgoto no crescimento do “mosquitinho” (Gypsophila elegans)." Conjecturas 22, no. 2 (February 24, 2022): 137–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.53660/conj-651-604.
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O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a eficiência da utilização do lodo de esgoto no crescimento do mosquitinho. O experimento foi realizado na Casa de Vegetação do Instituto Federal de Educação Ciência e Tecnologia (IFBA) - Campus de Vitória da Conquista, Bahia. O delineamento foi blocos casualizados (DBC), em esquema fatorial (2 x 4), os tratamentos corresponderam a dois níveis de calagem e quatro doses de lodo de esgoto, com três repetições, totalizando 24 unidades experimentais, constituindo os seguintes tratamentos: T1: 0 Mg ha-1 de Lodo da ETE; T2: 8 Mg ha-1 de Lodo da ETE; T3: 16 Mg ha-1 de Lodo da ETE; T4: 24 Mg ha-1 de Lodo da ETE. Foram avaliados Massa seca da parte aérea (MSPA), Massa Seca da Raiz (MSR), Massa Seca Total (MST), Taxa de crescimento relativo (TCR), Taxa assimilatória líquida (TAL) e Índice de colheita (IC). O uso do lodo de esgoto favoreceu o acúmulo da massa seca da planta, incremento da AF, TCR, TAL e IC. A dose 24 Mg ha-1 na presença do calcário dolomítico proporcionou um incremento da AF, TCR e IC.
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Thanh, Vu Nguyen, Dinh Duc Hien, and Tran Thi Thom. "Moniliella byzovii sp. nov., a chlamydospore-forming black yeast isolated from flowers." International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 63, Pt_3 (March 1, 2013): 1192–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.049767-0.
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Yeasts of the genus Moniliella were isolated from 651 flower samples collected in Vietnam, using an enrichment medium containing 50 % glucose. Species of the genus Moniliella were found in 5 % of the samples and 54 strains were isolated. The strains were identified based on D1/D2 LSU rRNA gene sequences as M. megachiliensis (15 strains), M. dehoogii (14 strains), and M. mellis (2 strains). The remaining 23 strains could not be reliably placed under any known species. Among them, 12 strains isolated from flowers of Ipomoea pes-caprae and Calotropis gigantea were peculiar for the intensive formation of chlamydospores. These strains could be subdivided into pigmented and non-pigmented groups. Both groups were identical in PCR fingerprints generated with primer (GAC)5 and in D1/D2 and ITS sequences. The yeast was closely related to M. fonsecae but differed from the latter by 52 nt (or 10.3 % of divergence) in the D1/D2 sequence and 71 nt (or 16.9 % of divergence) in the ITS sequence. The name Moniliella byzovii sp. nov. is proposed for this novel species. The type strain is TBY 2041.7T = CBS 12757T = NRRL Y-63661T. The MycoBank number is MB 803186.
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Nisini, B., G. Santangelo, T. Giannini, S. Antoniucci, S. Cabrit, C. Codella, C. J. Davis, et al. "[O I] 63μm JETS IN CLASS 0 SOURCES DETECTED BYHERSCHEL." Astrophysical Journal 801, no. 2 (March 12, 2015): 121. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0004-637x/801/2/121.
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Ostojic, Sergej, Darinka Korovljev, Valdemar Stajer, and Nikola Todorovic. "Food Creatine and Head Circumference Among Children Aged 0–2 Years." Current Developments in Nutrition 6, Supplement_1 (June 2022): 699. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzac061.083.
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Abstract Objectives Several small-scalle studies demonstrated an association between dietary creatine intake and body size in school-aged children and adolescents, yet no such connection has been evaluated in very young children at the populational level. We conducted a secondary analysis of previously completed cross-sectional study, and determined an association between food creatine and body measures in 597 U.S children aged 0 to 2 years, using the 2017–2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey database. Methods Total grams of creatine consumed per day were computed using the average amount of creatine (e.g., 0.20 g/kg for milk-based foods and 3.88 g/kg for meat-based sources) across all creatine-containing food sources. Results Dietary creatine intake was positively correlated with head circumference (r = 0.184; P = 0.031) when controlled for age at screening, while no link was found between creatine consumption and recumbent length (r = - 0.003; P = 0.955) or body weight (r = 0.048; P = 0.317). A multiple regression analysis revealed a significant relationship between food creatine and head circumference (P < 0.001) when adjusted for the effects of selected dietary variables (e.g., weight of food consumed, total caloric content, protein intake). Conclusions Our findings indicate a relationship between food creatine and head circumference as a surrogate marker of brain size in early childhood; further pediatric studies should appraise the role of dietary creatine in neurodevelopment. Funding Sources N/A.
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Arora, Rakesh, and Sergey Shmarev. "Double-phase parabolic equations with variable growth and nonlinear sources." Advances in Nonlinear Analysis 12, no. 1 (September 8, 2022): 304–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/anona-2022-0271.
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Abstract We study the homogeneous Dirichlet problem for the parabolic equations u t − div ( A ( z , ∣ ∇ u ∣ ) ∇ u ) = F ( z , u , ∇ u ) , z = ( x , t ) ∈ Ω × ( 0 , T ) , {u}_{t}-{\rm{div}}\left({\mathcal{A}}\left(z,| \nabla u| )\nabla u)=F\left(z,u,\nabla u),\hspace{1.0em}z=\left(x,t)\in \Omega \times \left(0,T), with the double phase flux A ( z , ∣ ∇ u ∣ ) ∇ u = ( ∣ ∇ u ∣ p ( z ) − 2 + a ( z ) ∣ ∇ u ∣ q ( z ) − 2 ) ∇ u {\mathcal{A}}\left(z,| \nabla u| )\nabla u=(| \nabla u{| }^{p\left(z)-2}+a\left(z)| \nabla u{| }^{q\left(z)-2})\nabla u and the nonlinear source F F . The initial function belongs to a Musielak-Orlicz space defined by the flux. The functions a a , p p , and q q are Lipschitz-continuous, a ( z ) a\left(z) is nonnegative, and may vanish on a set of nonzero measure. The exponents p p , and q q satisfy the balance conditions 2 N N + 2 < p − ≤ p ( z ) ≤ q ( z ) < p ( z ) + r ∗ 2 \frac{2N}{N+2}\lt {p}^{-}\le p\left(z)\le q\left(z)\lt p\left(z)+\frac{{r}^{\ast }}{2} with r ∗ = r ∗ ( p − , N ) {r}^{\ast }={r}^{\ast }\left({p}^{-},N) , p − = min Q ¯ T p ( z ) {p}^{-}={\min }_{{\overline{Q}}_{T}}\hspace{0.33em}p\left(z) . It is shown that under suitable conditions on the growth of F ( z , u , ∇ u ) F\left(z,u,\nabla u) with respect to the second and third arguments, the problem has a solution u u with the following properties: u t ∈ L 2 ( Q T ) , ∣ ∇ u ∣ p ( z ) + δ ∈ L 1 ( Q T ) for every 0 ≤ δ < r ∗ , ∣ ∇ u ∣ s ( z ) , a ( z ) ∣ ∇ u ∣ q ( z ) ∈ L ∞ ( 0 , T ; L 1 ( Ω ) ) with s ( z ) = max { 2 , p ( z ) } . \begin{array}{l}{u}_{t}\in {L}^{2}\left({Q}_{T}),\hspace{1.0em}| \nabla u{| }^{p\left(z)+\delta }\in {L}^{1}\left({Q}_{T})\hspace{1.0em}\hspace{0.1em}\text{for every}\hspace{0.1em}\hspace{0.33em}0\le \delta \lt {r}^{\ast },\\ | \nabla u{| }^{s\left(z)},\hspace{0.33em}a\left(z)| \nabla u{| }^{q\left(z)}\in {L}^{\infty }\left(0,T;\hspace{0.33em}{L}^{1}\left(\Omega ))\hspace{1em}{\rm{with}}\hspace{0.33em}s\left(z)=\max \left\{2,p\left(z)\right\}.\end{array} Uniqueness is proven under stronger assumptions on the source F F . The same results are established for the equations with the regularized flux A ( z , ( ε 2 + ∣ ∇ u ∣ 2 ) 1 / 2 ) ∇ u {\mathcal{A}}(z,{({\varepsilon }^{2}+| \nabla u{| }^{2})}^{1\text{/}2})\nabla u , ε > 0 \varepsilon \gt 0 .
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Albrecht, K., P. De Pablo, T. Eidner, G. Hoese, S. Wassenberg, A. Zink, and J. Callhoff. "POS0026 ASSOCIATION BETWEEN RA DISEASE ACTIVITY AND TOOTH LOSS: RESULTS OF TWO NATIONAL COHORTS." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 80, Suppl 1 (May 19, 2021): 216–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-eular.658.
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Background:Cross-sectional studies suggest an association between the presence of tooth loss and/or periodontitis, cytokine levels and disease activity in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) (1).Objectives:To analyze the association between tooth loss and disease activity/inflammatory activity in patients with early arthritis and established RA.Methods:Two data sources were used for analysis. Participants of the early arthritis cohort study CAPEA, conducted between 2010 and 2013, reported their number of teeth present at baseline and were followed over 2 years. Tooth loss categories were defined according to the number of teeth present, as follows: 0, 1-19, 19-27, and all 28 teeth. Disease activity/inflammatory activity data, such as disease activity scores (DAS28-ESR) and disease activity parameters, including swollen joint count (SJC) and inflammatory markers, i.e. erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C-reactive protein (CRP), were collected longitudinally at baseline, 3, 6, 12, 18, and 24 months. We used linear mixed regression models (with negative binomial distribution for SJC) to estimate the association between tooth loss and disease activity scores, SJC and inflammatory markers (ESR, CRP), over time. We also investigated the association between tooth loss and disease activity/inflammatory markers in patients with established RA, using cross-sectional data from the German National database (NDB) collected between 2015 and 2018. All models were adjusted for age, sex, smoking (ever vs. never), rheumatoid factor and education level, defined as years in education. Models with the NDB data were additionally adjusted for disease duration, missing data were imputed using multiple imputation. In all models, number of teeth was entered as a continuous variable.Results:Of a total of 1,124 CAPEA participants included, those with higher tooth loss were older, more often smokers, had a lower level of education, higher inflammatory markers and higher disease activity scores at baseline (Table 1). Inflammatory markers decreased comparably across all categories of tooth loss over time (Figure 1), in particular CRP. Tooth loss was not significantly associated with CRP or SJC alone. Glucocorticoid use was higher among those with more tooth loss, however dose reduction was similar across tooth loss categories. Among 7,179 NDB participants, adjusted disease activity scores and inflammatory markers were higher across tooth loss categories (DAS28 no teeth: 2.7, all teeth: 2.4; ESR no teeth: 23 mm/h, all teeth: 17 mm/h). SJC was not relevantly associated with tooth loss (no teeth: 1.2, all teeth: 1.2). Mean disease duration in the NDB sample was 13 years.Table 1.Early arthritis cohort (CAPEA) baseline characteristics, stratified by number of teethNumber of teeth presentTotaln01-1920-27All 28N893154522681,1241,124Female, %57656469651,124Age (years), mean69645445561,124ESR (mm), mean42382824311,074CRP (mg/l), mean25241515191,069SJC, mean6.16.95.65.25.91,120DAS28-ESR, mean5.55.24.74.54.9983RF positive, %63535254541,124Education, %1,020<=8 years80583521429-10 years163043463811-13 years412223320Smoking (ever), %73646156611,102ESR: erythrocyte sedimentation rate, CRP: C-reactive protein, DAS28: disease activity score, RF: rheumatoid factor, SJC: swollen joint countFigure 1.Disease activity parameters during the 24-months follow-up, stratified by the number of teeth at baseline: results from mixed models, adjusted for age, sex, smoking and education level.Conclusion:While we observed a significant association between tooth loss and disease activity and inflammation markers in both early arthritis and established RA, our longitudinal results suggest that tooth loss has no influence on response to therapy.References:[1]Rodriguez-Lozano B, Gonzalez-Febles J, Garnier-Rodriguez JL, Dadlani S, Bustabad-Reyes S, Sanz M, et al. Association between severity of periodontitis and clinical activity in rheumatoid arthritis patients: a case-control study. Arthritis Res Ther. 2019;21(1):27.Acknowledgements:We thank all participating rheumatologists and patients for their valuable contributions.The CAPEA periodontitis project was funded by the Deutsche Rheuma-Liga Bundesverband e.V.Capea was funded by an unconditional research grant from Pfizer.The National Database of the German Collaborative Arthritis centers has been supported since 2007 by the Association of Regional Cooperative Rheumatology Centres and joint contributions to the Rheumatological Training Academy and the DRFZ by the following members of the Working Group of Corporate Members of the German Society for Rheumatology: AbbVie, Actelion, BMS, GSK, Lilly, Medac, MSD, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, Sanofi-Aventis and UCB. The researchers have full academic freedom.Disclosure of Interests:None declared.
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Aziz, Siti Maisarah, and Md Rahim Sahar. "Luminescence Emission in Borotellurite Glass Containing Manganese Nanoparticles Doped Eu3+ Ions." Solid State Phenomena 268 (October 2017): 106–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.268.106.
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A series of europium doped magnesium borotellurite glasses embedded with manganese nanoparticles (Mn3O4 NPs) of composition (59-x)TeO2-30B2O3-10MgO-x1Eu2O3-1Mn3O4 with 0.5 ≤ x ≤ 1.5 mol % are prepared using melt quenching technique. The existence of broad hump in X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern verifies the amorphous nature of glasses. The presence of Mn3O4 NPs with average diameter of ~11 nm and (1 0 3) lattice plane having 0.276 nm spacing in the glass matrix is confirmed by high resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM) image. The glass samples are excited under 390 nm excitation wavelength and the emission spectra are found to consist of four emission peaks centred at 587 nm, 610 nm, 651 nm and 700 nm assigned to the transition from 5D0 →7FJ (J = 1, 2, 3, 4) states. The schematic energy level diagram is proposed. All results will be discussed with respect to the composition of Eu3+ ion.