Relevant bibliographies by topics / Sound location

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Sound location'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 6 September 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Sound location"

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Stanley, Jenni A., Craig A. Radford, and Andrew G. Jeffs. "Location, location, location: finding a suitable home among the noise." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 279, no. 1742 (June 6, 2012): 3622–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2012.0697.

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While sound is a useful cue for guiding the onshore orientation of larvae because it travels long distances underwater, it also has the potential to convey valuable information about the quality and type of the habitat at the source. Here, we provide, to our knowledge, the first evidence that settlement-stage coastal crab species can interpret and show a strong settlement and metamorphosis response to habitat-related differences in natural underwater sound. Laboratory- and field-based experiments demonstrated that time to metamorphosis in the settlement-stage larvae of common coastal crab species varied in response to different underwater sound signatures produced by different habitat types. The megalopae of five species of both temperate and tropical crabs showed a significant decrease in time to metamorphosis, when exposed to sound from their optimal settlement habitat type compared with other habitat types. These results indicate that sounds emanating from specific underwater habitats may play a major role in determining spatial patterns of recruitment in coastal crab species.
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Möttönen, Riikka, Kaisa Tiippana, Mikko Sams, and Hanna Puharinen. "Sound Location Can Influence Audiovisual Speech Perception When Spatial Attention Is Manipulated." Seeing and Perceiving 24, no. 1 (2011): 67–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187847511x557308.

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AbstractAudiovisual speech perception has been considered to operate independent of sound location, since the McGurk effect (altered auditory speech perception caused by conflicting visual speech) has been shown to be unaffected by whether speech sounds are presented in the same or different location as a talking face. Here we show that sound location effects arise with manipulation of spatial attention. Sounds were presented from loudspeakers in five locations: the centre (location of the talking face) and 45°/90° to the left/right. Auditory spatial attention was focused on a location by presenting the majority (90%) of sounds from this location. In Experiment 1, the majority of sounds emanated from the centre, and the McGurk effect was enhanced there. In Experiment 2, the major location was 90° to the left, causing the McGurk effect to be stronger on the left and centre than on the right. Under control conditions, when sounds were presented with equal probability from all locations, the McGurk effect tended to be stronger for sounds emanating from the centre, but this tendency was not reliable. Additionally, reaction times were the shortest for a congruent audiovisual stimulus, and this was the case independent of location. Our main finding is that sound location can modulate audiovisual speech perception, and that spatial attention plays a role in this modulation.
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Elko, Gary W., James L. Flanagan, and James D. Johnston. "Sound location arrangement." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 84, no. 5 (November 1988): 1966. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.397072.

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Porter, Kristin Kelly, Ryan R. Metzger, and Jennifer M. Groh. "Representation of Eye Position in Primate Inferior Colliculus." Journal of Neurophysiology 95, no. 3 (March 2006): 1826–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00857.2005.

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We studied the representation of eye-position information in the primate inferior colliculus (IC). Monkeys fixated visual stimuli at one of eight or nine locations along the horizontal meridian between −24 and 24° while sounds were presented from loudspeakers at locations within that same range. Approximately 40% of our sample of 153 neurons showed statistically significant sensitivity to eye position during either the presentation of an auditory stimulus or in the absence of sound (Bonferroni corrected P < 0.05). The representation for eye position was predominantly monotonic and favored contralateral eye positions. Eye-position sensitivity was more prevalent among neurons without sound-location sensitivity: about half of neurons that were insensitive to sound location were sensitive to eye position, whereas only about one-quarter of sound-location-sensitive neurons were also sensitive to eye position. Our findings suggest that sound location and eye position are encoded using independent but overlapping rate codes at the level of the IC. The use of a common format has computational advantages for integrating these two signals. The differential distribution of eye-position sensitivity and sound-location sensitivity suggests that this process has begun by the level of the IC but is not yet complete at this stage. We discuss how these signals might fit into Groh and Sparks' vector subtraction model for coordinate transformations.
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Middlebrooks, John C., Li Xu, Ann Clock Eddins, and David M. Green. "Codes for Sound-Source Location in Nontonotopic Auditory Cortex." Journal of Neurophysiology 80, no. 2 (August 1, 1998): 863–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1998.80.2.863.

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Middlebrooks, John C., Li Xu, Ann Clock Eddins, and David M. Green. Codes for sound-source location in nontonopic auditor cortex. J. Neurophysiol. 80: 863–881, 1998. We evaluated two hypothetical codes for sound-source location in the auditory cortex. The topographical code assumed that single neurons are selective for particular locations and that sound-source locations are coded by the cortical location of small populations of maximally activated neurons. The distributed code assumed that the responses of individual neurons can carry information about locations throughout 360° of azimuth and that accurate sound localization derives from information that is distributed across large populations of such panoramic neurons. We recorded from single units in the anterior ectosylvian sulcus area (area AES) and in area A2 of α-chloralose–anesthetized cats. Results obtained in the two areas were essentially equivalent. Noise bursts were presented from loudspeakers spaced in 20° intervals of azimuth throughout 360° of the horizontal plane. Spike counts of the majority of units were modulated >50% by changes in sound-source azimuth. Nevertheless, sound-source locations that produced greater than half-maximal spike counts often spanned >180° of azimuth. The spatial selectivity of units tended to broaden and, often, to shift in azimuth as sound pressure levels (SPLs) were increased to a moderate level. We sometimes saw systematic changes in spatial tuning along segments of electrode tracks as long as 1.5 mm but such progressions were not evident at higher sound levels. Moderate-level sounds presented anywhere in the contralateral hemifield produced greater than half-maximal activation of nearly all units. These results are not consistent with the hypothesis of a topographic code. We used an artificial-neural–network algorithm to recognize spike patterns and, thereby, infer the locations of sound sources. Network input consisted of spike density functions formed by averages of responses to eight stimulus repetitions. Information carried in the responses of single units permitted reasonable estimates of sound-source locations throughout 360° of azimuth. The most accurate units exhibited median errors in localization of <25°, meaning that the network output fell within 25° of the correct location on half of the trials. Spike patterns tended to vary with stimulus SPL, but level-invariant features of patterns permitted estimates of locations of sound sources that varied through 20-dB ranges. Sound localization based on spike patterns that preserved details of spike timing consistently was more accurate than localization based on spike counts alone. These results support the hypothesis that sound-source locations are represented by a distributed code and that individual neurons are, in effect, panoramic localizers.
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Yang, Haoping, Chunlin Yue, Cenyi Wang, Aijun Wang, Zonghao Zhang, and Li Luo. "Effect of Target Semantic Consistency in Different Sequence Positions and Processing Modes on T2 Recognition: Integration and Suppression Based on Cross-Modal Processing." Brain Sciences 13, no. 2 (February 16, 2023): 340. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci13020340.

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In the rapid serial visual presentation (RSVP) paradigm, sound affects participants’ recognition of targets. Although many studies have shown that sound improves cross-modal processing, researchers have not yet explored the effects of sound semantic information with respect to different locations and processing modalities after removing sound saliency. In this study, the RSVP paradigm was used to investigate the difference between attention under conditions of consistent and inconsistent semantics with the target (Experiment 1), as well as the difference between top-down (Experiment 2) and bottom-up processing (Experiment 3) for sounds with consistent semantics with target 2 (T2) at different sequence locations after removing sound saliency. The results showed that cross-modal processing significantly improved attentional blink (AB). The early or lagged appearance of sounds consistent with T2 did not affect participants’ judgments in the exogenous attentional modality. However, visual target judgments were improved with endogenous attention. The sequential location of sounds consistent with T2 influenced the judgment of auditory and visual congruency. The results illustrate the effects of sound semantic information in different locations and processing modalities.
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Ikemi, Itsuki, Kazunori Harada, Akiko Sugahara, and Yasuhiro Hiraguri. "A basic study on estimating location of sound source by using distributed acoustic measurement network." INTER-NOISE and NOISE-CON Congress and Conference Proceedings 263, no. 3 (August 1, 2021): 3530–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.3397/in-2021-2439.

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The sounds from childcare facilities are often a cause of noise problems with neighbors, however since the sound power levels of children's play and other sounds in child-care facilities have not become clear, evaluation methods have not been established, making countermeasures difficult. In order to evaluate the noise, it is necessary to model the location of the sound source and the sound power level. We have been developing a sound source identification system that uses multiple Raspberry Pi-based recording devices to estimate the location of a sound source and sound power levels. By using GPS for time synchronization, the system can be distributed and placed without connecting cables, which is expected to expand the measurement area significantly. As a method of estimation, the arrival time difference is calculated by cross-correlation from the signals input to each recording device, and the sound source location is estimated from the calculated arrival time difference and the location information of the device. The effectiveness of this system was verified in an anechoic room and outdoor fields.
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Buchner, Axel, Raoul Bell, Klaus Rothermund, and Dirk Wentura. "Sound source location modulates the irrelevant-sound effect." Memory & Cognition 36, no. 3 (April 2008): 617–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3758/mc.36.3.617.

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Miyauchi, Ryota, Dea-Gee Kang, Yukio Iwaya, and Yôiti Suzuki. "Relative Localization of Auditory and Visual Events Presented in Peripheral Visual Field." Multisensory Research 27, no. 1 (2014): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22134808-00002442.

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The brain apparently remaps the perceived locations of simultaneous auditory and visual events into a unified audio-visual space to integrate and/or compare multisensory inputs. However, there is little qualitative or quantitative data on how simultaneous auditory and visual events are located in the peripheral visual field (i.e., outside a few degrees of the fovea). We presented a sound burst and a flashing light simultaneously not only in the central visual field but also in the peripheral visual field and measured the relative perceived locations of the sound and flash. The results revealed that the sound and flash were perceptually located at the same location when the sound was presented at a 5° periphery of the flash, even when the participants’ eyes were fixed. Measurements of the unisensory locations of each sound and flash in a pointing task demonstrated that the perceived location of the sound shifted toward the front, while the perceived location of the flash shifted toward the periphery. As a result, the discrepancy between the perceptual location of the sound and the flash was around 4°. This suggests that the brain maps the unisensory locations of auditory and visual events into a unified audio-visual space, enabling it to generate unisensory spatial information about the events.
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Mickey, Brian J., and John C. Middlebrooks. "Sensitivity of Auditory Cortical Neurons to the Locations of Leading and Lagging Sounds." Journal of Neurophysiology 94, no. 2 (August 2005): 979–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00580.2004.

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We recorded unit activity in the auditory cortex (fields A1, A2, and PAF) of anesthetized cats while presenting paired clicks with variable locations and interstimulus delays (ISDs). In human listeners, such sounds elicit the precedence effect, in which localization of the lagging sound is impaired at ISDs ≲10 ms. In the present study, neurons typically responded to the leading stimulus with a brief burst of spikes, followed by suppression lasting 100–200 ms. At an ISD of 20 ms, at which listeners report a distinct lagging sound, only 12% of units showed discrete lagging responses. Long-lasting suppression was found in all sampled cortical fields, for all leading and lagging locations, and at all sound levels. Recordings from awake cats confirmed this long-lasting suppression in the absence of anesthesia, although recovery from suppression was faster in the awake state. Despite the lack of discrete lagging responses at delays of 1–20 ms, the spike patterns of 40% of units varied systematically with ISD, suggesting that many neurons represent lagging sounds implicitly in their temporal firing patterns rather than explicitly in discrete responses. We estimated the amount of location-related information transmitted by spike patterns at delays of 1–16 ms under conditions in which we varied only the leading location or only the lagging location. Consistent with human psychophysical results, transmission of information about the leading location was high at all ISDs. Unlike listeners, however, transmission of information about the lagging location remained low, even at ISDs of 12–16 ms.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Sound location"

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Wood, K. C. "How is sound location represented in auditory cortex?" Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2015. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1473329/.

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The present work tested two competing hypotheses about how the location of sounds in space is encoded by auditory cortex. The labelled-line hypothesis says that each azimuthal location is encoded by maximal firing of a specific small and sharply tuned population of neurons. The two-channel hypothesis says that a sound location is encoded by the relative activity of two populations of neurons with broad tuning and maximal activity at ± 90. To test these hypotheses a new behavioural task was developed in which subjects had to report the location of a target sound relative to a preceding reference. Models of the two-channel hypothesis and a modified version of the labelled-line hypothesis that accounted for better sound localisation precision at the midline, predicted best performance in the task around the midline with performance decreasing in the periphery whereas the labelled-line hypothesis predicted equal performance throughout space. Consistent with both the two-channel and modified labelled-line model, both ferret and human performance was best at the midline, highlighting the need for neural recordings in auditory cortex to distinguish between these models. The peaks of spatial receptive fields of neurons recorded from auditory cortex of ferrets performing the relative localisation task were distributed across the contralateral hemisphere, rather than clustered at 90 as predicted by the two channel model. Decoding of location from populations of neurons using two-channel or labelled-line maximum-likelihood decoders indicated that both decoders performed as well as ferrets localising sounds in the same testing chamber but that the labelled-line decoder out-performed the two-channel decoder. Finally, the necessity for an intact auditory cortex for sound localisation was confirmed after developing cortical cooling in the ferret as a method to reversibly silence areas of cortex during behaviour.
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Yao, Norikazu. "Auditory localisation : contributions of sound location and semantic spatial cues." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2007. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/16504/1/Norikazu_Yao_Thesis.pdf.

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In open skill sports and other tasks, decision-making can be as important as physical performance. Whereas many studies have investigated visual perception there is little research on auditory perception as one aspect of decision making. Auditory localisation studies have almost exclusively focussed on underlying processes, such as interaural time difference and interaural level difference. It is not known, however, whether semantic spatial information contained in the sound is actually used, and whether it assists pure auditory localisation. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect on auditory localisation of spatial semantic information. In Experiment One, this was explored by measuring whole body orientation to the words "Left", "Right", "Back", "Front" and "Yes", as well as a tone, each presented from left right, front and back locations. Experiment Two explored the effect of the four spatial semantic words presented either from their matching locations, or from a position rotated 20 degrees anticlockwise. In both experiments there were two conditions, with subjects required to face the position indicated by the sound location, or the meaning of the word. Movements of the head were recorded in three dimensions with a Polhemus Fastrak system, and were analysed with a custom program. Ten young adult volunteers participated in each experiment. Reaction time, movement time, initial rotation direction, rotation direction at peak velocity, and the accuracy of the final position were the dependent measures. The results confirmed previous reports of confusions between front and back locations, that is, errors about the interaural axis. Unlike previous studies, many more back-to-front than front-toback errors was made. The experiments provided some evidence for a spatial Stroop interference effect, that is, an effect on performance of conflicting information provided by the irrelevant dimension of the stimulus, but only for reaction time and initial movement direction, and only in the Word condition. The results are interpreted using a model of the processes needed to respond to the stimulus and produce an orienting movement. They suggest that there is an asymmetric interference effect in which auditory localisation can interfere with localisation based on semantic content of words, but not the reverse. In addition, final accuracy was unaffected by any interference, suggesting that these effects are restricted to the initial stages of response selection.
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Yao, Norikazu. "Auditory localisation : contributions of sound location and semantic spatial cues." Queensland University of Technology, 2007. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/16504/.

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In open skill sports and other tasks, decision-making can be as important as physical performance. Whereas many studies have investigated visual perception there is little research on auditory perception as one aspect of decision making. Auditory localisation studies have almost exclusively focussed on underlying processes, such as interaural time difference and interaural level difference. It is not known, however, whether semantic spatial information contained in the sound is actually used, and whether it assists pure auditory localisation. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect on auditory localisation of spatial semantic information. In Experiment One, this was explored by measuring whole body orientation to the words "Left", "Right", "Back", "Front" and "Yes", as well as a tone, each presented from left right, front and back locations. Experiment Two explored the effect of the four spatial semantic words presented either from their matching locations, or from a position rotated 20 degrees anticlockwise. In both experiments there were two conditions, with subjects required to face the position indicated by the sound location, or the meaning of the word. Movements of the head were recorded in three dimensions with a Polhemus Fastrak system, and were analysed with a custom program. Ten young adult volunteers participated in each experiment. Reaction time, movement time, initial rotation direction, rotation direction at peak velocity, and the accuracy of the final position were the dependent measures. The results confirmed previous reports of confusions between front and back locations, that is, errors about the interaural axis. Unlike previous studies, many more back-to-front than front-toback errors was made. The experiments provided some evidence for a spatial Stroop interference effect, that is, an effect on performance of conflicting information provided by the irrelevant dimension of the stimulus, but only for reaction time and initial movement direction, and only in the Word condition. The results are interpreted using a model of the processes needed to respond to the stimulus and produce an orienting movement. They suggest that there is an asymmetric interference effect in which auditory localisation can interfere with localisation based on semantic content of words, but not the reverse. In addition, final accuracy was unaffected by any interference, suggesting that these effects are restricted to the initial stages of response selection.
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Tollin, Daniel Joshua. "Some aspects of the lateralization of echoed sound in man." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.363729.

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Matzumoto, Andres Esteban Perez. "A study of microphone arrays for the location of vibrational sound sources." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.305576.

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Kim, Hyungtai. "Modeling of micro-spatial employment location patterns and its application to the Puget Sound Region : count and choice approaches /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/10826.

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Lopez, Poveda Enrique Alejandro. "The physical origin and physiological coding of pinna-based spectral cues." Thesis, Loughborough University, 1996. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/32318.

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This thesis investigates both the physical origin and the physiological coding of pinna-based spectral features observed in experimental Head-Related Transfer Functions (HRTFs). An experimental method for measuring HRTFs using a Knowles Electronics Manikin for Acoustic Research (KEMAR) is presented. The method includes a technique for moulding individualised pinnae to be fitted on to the KEMAR's head. Experimental HRTF data obtained with this method are shown and analysed. The most remarkable pinna-based spectral features are identified and their dependency on source location is characterised, particularly for elevation-dependent spectral notches.
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Ramamurthy, Anand. "EXPERIMENTAL EVALUATION OF MODIFIED PHASE TRANSFORM FOR SOUND SOURCE DETECTION." UKnowledge, 2007. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/gradschool_theses/478.

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The detection of sound sources with microphone arrays can be enhanced through processing individual microphone signals prior to the delay and sum operation. One method in particular, the Phase Transform (PHAT) has demonstrated improvement in sound source location images, especially in reverberant and noisy environments. Recent work proposed a modification to the PHAT transform that allows varying degrees of spectral whitening through a single parameter, andamp;acirc;, which has shown positive improvement in target detection in simulation results. This work focuses on experimental evaluation of the modified SRP-PHAT algorithm. Performance results are computed from actual experimental setup of an 8-element perimeter array with a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis for detecting sound sources. The results verified simulation results of PHAT- andamp;acirc; in improving target detection probabilities. The ROC analysis demonstrated the relationships between various target types (narrowband and broadband), room reverberation levels (high and low) and noise levels (different SNR) with respect to optimal andamp;acirc;. Results from experiment strongly agree with those of simulations on the effect of PHAT in significantly improving detection performance for narrowband and broadband signals especially at low SNR and in the presence of high levels of reverberation.
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McConaghy, Nicholas Ralph. "Exploring environmental space through sound – compositional relationships across external location, internal structure and environmentally mediated spaces." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2021. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/25026.

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This thesis demonstrates an approach to composing with environmental sound that uses spatial concepts and techniques to bridge the aesthetic divide between reductive and relative compositional philosophies. It responds to the complex issues of contextual integration and separation through a detailed compositional approach, which uses the spatial medium of acousmatic music to translate aspects of acoustic ecology, biomimetics, soundscape and ecoacoustics into the domain of contemporary composition. This research makes claims to new knowledge by examining how compositional activities inform the development of novel techniques for environmental sound composition. It takes a practice-based approach to research, which uses the creative practices of field recording, fixed-media composition and software programming to highlight and respond to the issues implicit to the production of environmentally mediated spaces through sound. Furthermore, it provides new theoretical perspectives on the relations between musical form and the external environment. Central to this research is a body of creative work, which presents a portfolio of compositions and the custom software tools integral to its production as research outcomes. As the activities of practice and the insights gained through practice are as crucial to the practice-based research paradigm as its outcomes, this thesis uses a self-reflective approach to document how the knowledge generated during the composition process shaped the outcomes of the creative artefacts. An engagement with spatial concepts characterises the reflective discourse. The non-linear and iterative ways of shaping and applying these ideas in practice underpin the discussion of each composition and the algorithmic realisation of these concepts using the SuperCollider programming language.
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Meyer, Michaela. "Peripheral neural coding strategies for spectral analysis and sound source location in the non-teleost bony fish, Acipenser fulvescens." College Park, Md.: University of Maryland, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/8147.

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Thesis (Ph. D.) -- University of Maryland, College Park, 2008.
Thesis research directed by: Dept. of Biology. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.
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Books on the topic "Sound location"

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Jenny, Bartlett, ed. Recording music on location: Capturing the live performance. Amsterdam: Elsevier Focal Press, 2007.

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The location sound bible: How to record professional dialogue for film and TV. Studio City, CA: Michael Wiese Productions, 2012.

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Council, Puget Sound Regional, and University of Washington. Center for Community Development and Real Estate., eds. Industrial land supply and demand in the central Puget Sound Region. Seattle, Wash: Puget Sound Regional Council, 1998.

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Council, Puget Sound Regional, and University of Washington. Center for Community Development and Real Estate., eds. Industrial land supply and demand in the central Puget Sound Region. Seattle, Wash: The Council, 1998.

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Barrelhouse blues: Location recording and the early traditions of the blues. New York: Basic Books, 2009.

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Butterfield, Earl. Potential of automatic vehicle identification in the Puget Sound area. [Olympia, Wash.]: Washington State Dept. of Transportation, Washington State Transportation Commission, Planning and Programming Service Center, 1994.

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Connecticut. Long Island Sound LNG Task Force. Interim report of the Long Island Sound LNG Task Force. [Hartford, Conn: Long Island Sound LNG Task Force, 2006.

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Connecticut. Long Island Sound LNG Task Force. Interim report of the Long Island Sound LNG Task Force. [Hartford, Conn: Long Island Sound LNG Task Force, 2006.

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Associates, Dick Conway &. Puget Sound subarea forecasts: Model calibration and forecasts. [Seattle?: Puget Sound Regional Council?, 1992.

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Ricker, Karl E. Biophysical suitability of the Sunshine Coast and Johnstone Strait/Desolation Sound areas for salmonid farming in net cages: Main report. [Victoria]: Province of British Columbia, Aquaculture and Commercial Fisheries Branch, 1989.

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Book chapters on the topic "Sound location"

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Winters, Patrick. "Location Sound." In The Dos and Don'ts of Successful Filmmaking, 189–212. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429352133-14.

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Rabiger, Michael, and Courtney Hermann. "Advanced Location Sound." In Directing the Documentary, 431–40. Seventh edition. | London; New York: Routledge, 2020.: Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429280382-39.

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Sauls, Samuel J., and Craig A. Stark. "Location Sound Recording." In Audio Production Worktext, 175–91. 10th ed. New York: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003121886-10.

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Hurbis-Cherrier, Mick. "Location Sound Techniques." In Voice & Vision, 387–401. 3rd edition. | New York: Routledge, 2018.: Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315815893-16.

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Aitkin, Lindsay M. "Neural Coding of Sound Location." In The Auditory Midbrain, 145–84. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-460-3_10.

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Zheng, Xie, Xunnian Wang, Jun Zhang, Kun Zhao, Zhengwu Chen, Yong Wang, and Ben Huang. "Recognition Location Method of Sound Source Based on Rotating Microphones." In Fluid-Structure-Sound Interactions and Control, 145–52. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-33-4960-5_23.

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Tang, J., Q. Q. Wang, Z. Wang, Y. N. Zhang, and Y. L. Li. "GIL breakdown fault location based on sound source recognition technology." In Developments in Maritime Technology and Engineering, 277–81. London: CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003216582-31.

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Tang, Weijie, Rongfeng Deng, Baoshan Huang, Fengshou Gu, and Andrew D. Ball. "A Mobile Pipeline Leak Monitoring Robot Based on Power Spectrum Correlation Analysis and Sound Pressure Location." In Proceedings of IncoME-VI and TEPEN 2021, 853–66. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-99075-6_69.

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Arbey, H., M. Chiollaz, P. Dufourcq, and B. Escudie. "Disturbance Induced by a Boundary Layer on Sound Sources Location. Application to the Case of a Vehicle." In Aero- and Hydro-Acoustics, 541–49. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-82758-7_51.

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Burdin, Vladimir A., Olga Yu Gubareva, and Vladimir O. Gureev. "Coarse Estimation of the Distance to the Harmonic Sound Source by DAS for the Determination of Optical Cable Location." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 212–20. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-97777-1_18.

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Conference papers on the topic "Sound location"

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Roman, DeLiang Wang, and Brown. "Location-based sound segregation." In IEEE International Conference on Acoustics Speech and Signal Processing ICASSP-02. IEEE, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icassp.2002.1005914.

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Roman, Nicoleta, DeLiang Wang, and Guy J. Brown. "Location-based sound segregation." In Proceedings of ICASSP '02. IEEE, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icassp.2002.5743966.

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Rajguru, Chinmay, Daniel Blaszczak, Arash PourYazdan, Thomas J. Graham, and Gianluca Memoli. "AUDIOZOOM: Location Based Sound Delivery system." In SA '19: SIGGRAPH Asia 2019. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3355056.3364596.

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Saxena, A., and A. Y. Ng. "Learning sound location from a single microphone." In 2009 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/robot.2009.5152861.

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Moldoveanu, Alin, Oana Balan, and Florica Moldoveanu. "TRAINING SYSTEM FOR IMPROVING SPATIAL SOUND LOCALIZATION." In eLSE 2014. Editura Universitatii Nationale de Aparare "Carol I", 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.12753/2066-026x-14-011.

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This paper presents a new training system for 3D audio space localization, part of a more complex project, Sound of Vision, which is intended to be an object recognition and navigation aid system for visually-impaired people. As a large number of people are suffering from a visual handicap which impedes them from normally accomplishing their daily chores, there is need for an assistive device that replaces sight with another sense, for instance, hearing. The most important aspect in the sound localization techniques is the human capacity to discriminate between different sounds playing at various locations in space. The aim of the presented audio system is to train and test the subjects' space localization ability, hence to develop and improve their 3D recognition skills. The solution uses binaural sounds conveyed through headphones as basic blocks, applying HRTFs to various sounds (Head Related Transfer Function - a physical propagation characteristic that describes how the ear perceives the sound coming from a particular point in space). The acoustic signals represent short (e.g. 20ms long) white and pink noise sounds, externalized with non-individualized HRTFs recorded in dedicated lab environments. Thus, from a monaural noise sound, through the process of mathematical convolution with the corresponding angular HRTF impulse for both the left and right channels, we obtained a 3D binaural sound which is perceived as coming from the particular direction specified by the angular value of the convoluted HRTF. The program is composed of a training module, where the user moves the mouse cursor inside a circle and hears a continuous binaural sound that corresponds to the azimuth angle indicated on the circle- ranging from 0 to 355 degrees, and a test module- where the subject is presented 10 different sounds that correspond to 10 different locations, being required to point out on the circle the presumed emitting location of the sound, as he perceives it. Through learning and training, the users (both normal-sighted and visually impaired subjects) performed various auditory tasks- identification, recognition, discrimination- and improved their sound localization capacity. This paper gives on overview of 3 aspects: the technical realization of the system, the experimental results with a set of training subjects and the advanced observations about sound localization that we made.
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"3D AUTOMATIC LOCATION DETECTION BASED ON SOUND LOCALIZATION." In 2nd International Conference on Informatics in Control, Automation and Robotics. SciTePress - Science and and Technology Publications, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0001163402390244.

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Wang, Chao, and Zhenduo Wang. "A network location method considering sound ray bending." In 2022 IEEE International Conference on Signal Processing, Communications and Computing (ICSPCC). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icspcc55723.2022.9984347.

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Obata, K., K. Noguchi, and Y. Todokoro. "A new sound source location algorithm based on formant frequency for sound image localization." In 2003 International Conference on Multimedia and Expo. ICME '03. Proceedings (Cat. No.03TH8698). IEEE, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icme.2003.1221021.

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Barua, Sajib, and Jörg Sander. "Mining statistically sound co-location patterns at multiple distances." In the 26th International Conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2618243.2618261.

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Ginn, K. B., and J. Hald. "Engine Noise: Sound Source Location Using the STSF Technique." In Noise & Vibration Conference & Exposition. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/931307.

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Reports on the topic "Sound location"

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Valdes, James R., and Heather Furey. WHOI 260Hz Sound Source - Tuning and Assembly. Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, April 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1575/1912/27173.

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Sound sources are designed to provide subsea tracking and re‐location of RAFOS floats and other Lagrangian drifters listening at 260Hz. More recently sweeps have been added to support FishChip tracking at 262Hz. These sources must be tuned to the water properties where they are to be deployed as they have a fairly narrow bandwidth. The high‐Q resonator’s bandwidth is about 4Hz. This report documents the tuning, and provides an overview of the sound source assembly.
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Rogers, G. C. Phase changes, fluids and the co-location of the deep and shallow seismicity beneath Puget Sound and southern Georgia Strait. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/222541.

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El-Rayes, Khaled, Ernest-John Ignacio, Ramez Hajj, Omar Sallam, and Mamdouh Al-Ghzawi. Noise Measurements of US-41 Transverse Rumble Strips. Illinois Center for Transportation, April 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.36501/0197-9191/23-004.

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This report focuses on collecting and analyzing external and internal noise levels generated by the modified transverse rumble strips on US-41 that were reconstructed in October 2022. The goal is to enable a comparison with noise levels generated by the previous rumble strips that were constructed in the same location in 2019. This work is organized in three tasks: (1) observe and document the construction of the 2022 transverse rumble strips, (2) collect US-41 traffic flow data as well as external and internal noise levels generated by the 2022 transverse rumble strips, and (3) compare the collected external noise levels generated by the 2022 US-41 rumble strips to those generated by the 2019 US-41 rumble strips that were collected and reported in the related 2021 study. The comparison results demonstrate that the time-equivalent continuous sound pressure level (Leq) generated by the 2022 US-41 transverse rumble strips at the AASHTO T 390-recommended measurement distances of 25 and 50 feet were lower than those reported in the 2021 study.
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Job, Jacob. Mesa Verde National Park: Acoustic monitoring report. National Park Service, July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrr-2286703.

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In 2015, the Natural Sounds and Night Skies Division (NSNSD) received a request to collect baseline acoustical data at Mesa Verde National Park (MEVE). Between July and August 2015, as well as February and March 2016, three acoustical monitoring systems were deployed throughout the park, however one site (MEVE002) stopped recording after a couple days during the summer due to wildlife interference. The goal of the study was to establish a baseline soundscape inventory of backcountry and frontcountry sites within the park. This inventory will be used to establish indicators and thresholds of soundscape quality that will support the park and NSNSD in developing a comprehensive approach to protecting the acoustic environment through soundscape management planning. Additionally, results of this study will help the park identify major sources of noise within the park, as well as provide a baseline understanding of the acoustical environment as a whole for use in potential future comparative studies. In this deployment, sound pressure level (SPL) was measured continuously every second by a calibrated sound level meter. Other equipment included an anemometer to collect wind speed and a digital audio recorder collecting continuous recordings to document sound sources. In this document, “sound pressure level” refers to broadband (12.5 Hz–20 kHz), A-weighted, 1-second time averaged sound level (LAeq, 1s), and hereafter referred to as “sound level.” Sound levels are measured on a logarithmic scale relative to the reference sound pressure for atmospheric sources, 20 μPa. The logarithmic scale is a useful way to express the wide range of sound pressures perceived by the human ear. Sound levels are reported in decibels (dB). A-weighting is applied to sound levels in order to account for the response of the human ear (Harris, 1998). To approximate human hearing sensitivity, A-weighting discounts sounds below 1 kHz and above 6 kHz. Trained technicians calculated time audible metrics after monitoring was complete. See Methods section for protocol details, equipment specifications, and metric calculations. Median existing (LA50) and natural ambient (LAnat) metrics are also reported for daytime (7:00–19:00) and nighttime (19:00–7:00). Prominent noise sources at the two backcountry sites (MEVE001 and MEVE002) included vehicles and aircraft, while building and vehicle predominated at the frontcountry site (MEVE003). Table 1 displays time audible values for each of these noise sources during the monitoring period, as well as ambient sound levels. In determining the current conditions of an acoustical environment, it is informative to examine how often sound levels exceed certain values. Table 2 reports the percent of time that measured levels at the three monitoring locations were above four key values.
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Jay. L51710 Active Noise Silencing. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), January 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010333.

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Many natural gas compressor stations which were previously located away from residential areas are now being encroached upon by surrounding building developments. Furthermore, an increased awareness of community noise issues has proved to be the impetus for investigating and developing more effective noise control methods and treatments for natural gas compressor facilities. This project investigates the feasibility of applying Active Noise Cancellation (ANC) to the exhaust of a large, internal-combustion reciprocating type engine. Large reciprocating internal combustion engines pose significant challenges for the noise control engineer. In the case of the engines employed at Tennessee Gas Pipeline Company Compressor Station 229, these engines radiate extremely low frequency exhaust noise into the surrounding environs. These engines produce discrete frequencies in the exhaust spectra with a particularly strong component at 26.5 Hz, which corresponds to the fundamental firing frequency (the 5.0 rotational order) of the engine; significant attenuation of the raw exhaust noise can be particularly difficult due to the sound power and spectral content. Traditional methods would necessitate a very large silencer in order to realize improved attenuation of the exhaust noise, relative to the existing silencer. Measurements were conducted at the error microphone location, at 1.0 meter from the exhaust outlet and at the property line. At a distance of 1.0 meter the WNCT integrated active / passive silencer yielded 84.5 dBA (92.3 dBL) while the original equipment silencer yielded 92.7 dBA (98.8 dBL). Band-limited (DC - 200 Hz) measurements were taken at the error microphone location; control off (WNCT passive - only): 109.8 dBL overall, 107.7 dBL 26.5 Hz component. With control on (WNCT active + passive) at the same position overall noise was 99.7 dBL with the 26.5 Hz component reading 89.1 dBL. Far-field A-weighted reductions were inconclusive due to the presence of other contributing noise sources possessing similar noise characteristics. Flow resistance measurements indicated that back pressure had been reduced by 95% relative to the original equipment silencer through the use of the integrated WNCT active / passive silencer.
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Wiggert, Jerry, Brandy Armstrong, Mustafa Kemal Cambazoglu, and K. K. Sandeep. Mid-Breton Sediment Diversion (MBrSD) Assessment – Final Report. The University of Southern Mississippi, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18785/sose.001.

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The purpose of this project is to provide managers at the Mississippi Department of Marine Resources (MDMR) with the scientific information needed to accurately address public concerns regarding the potential effects of the Louisiana Coastal Master Plan / Coastal Protection and Restoration Authority (CPRA) Mid-Breton Sediment Diversion (MBrSD) on the jurisdictional waters and resources of Mississippi. The stated design purpose of the MBrSD is to reconnect and re-establish the deltaic sediment deposition process between the Mississippi River and the Breton Sound Basin through a diversion that will deliver up to 75,000 cfs of sediment-laden freshwater. The report presented herein provides model-based guidance on the impact that the introduction of the MBrSD will have on salinity conditions in the Mississippi Sound (MSS) and Mississippi's jurisdictional waters that encompass oyster reef locations. Oysters are key ecosystem health indicators and economic drivers for the State of Mississippi and freshwater diversions into the western MS Sound (WMSS) have recently led to significant, unprecedented environmental impacts resulting in oyster mortality. The potential addition of a new pathway for additional freshwater to be introduced into the MSS requires careful assessment of the potential impacts that may be incurred. This project is designed to assess the impact of implementing the MBrSD on the physical environment in the WMSS. The primary aim is to understand the connectivity between MBrSD-derived freshwater input to Breton Sound on the environmental conditions impacting the oyster reefs of the WMSS near Bay St. Louis. A physical ocean modeling system based on the Coupled Ocean Atmosphere Wave Sediment Transport (COAWST) has been used to simulate the circulation and dynamics over the entire MSS with the analysis presented herein focusing particularly on the western to central MSS. This project demonstrates the importance of applying modeling-based scientific research and the capability of physical ocean circulation models for assessing aquatic ecosystem health, particularly in key oyster reef areas.
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Bell, Matthew, Rob Ament, Damon Fick, and Marcel Huijser. Improving Connectivity: Innovative Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Structures for Wildlife, Bicyclists, and/or Pedestrians. Nevada Department of Transportation, September 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.15788/ndot2022.09.

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Engineers and ecologists continue to explore new methods and adapt existing techniques to improve highway mitigation measures that increase motorist safety and conserve wildlife species. Crossing structures, overpasses and underpasses, combined with fences, are some of the most highly effective mitigation measures employed around the world to reduce wildlife-vehicle collisions (WVCs) with large animals, increase motorist safety, and maintain habitat connectivity across transportation networks for many other types and sizes of wildlife. Published research on structural designs and materials for wildlife crossings is limited and suggests relatively little innovation has occurred. Wildlife crossing structures for large mammals are crucial for many highway mitigation strategies, so there is a need for new, resourceful, and innovative techniques to construct these structures. This report explored the promising application of fiber-reinforced polymers (FRPs) to a wildlife crossing using an overpass. The use of FRP composites has increased due to their high strength and light weight characteristics, long service life, and low maintenance costs. They are highly customizable in shape and geometry and the materials used (e.g., resins and fibers) in their manufacture. This project explored what is known about FRP bridge structures and what commercial materials are available in North America that can be adapted for use in a wildlife crossing using an overpass structure. A 12-mile section of US Highway 97 (US-97) in Siskiyou County, California was selected as the design location. Working with the California Department of Transportation (Caltrans) and California Department of Fish and Wildlife (CDFW), a site was selected for the FRP overpass design where it would help reduce WVCs and provide habitat connectivity. The benefits of a variety of FRP materials have been incorporated into the US-97 crossing design, including in the superstructure, concrete reinforcement, fencing, and light/sound barriers on the overpass. Working with Caltrans helped identify the challenges and limitations of using FRP materials for bridge construction in California. The design was used to evaluate the life cycle costs (LCCs) of using FRP materials for wildlife infrastructure compared to traditional materials (e.g., concrete, steel, and wood). The preliminary design of an FRP wildlife overpass at the US-97 site provides an example of a feasible, efficient, and constructible alternative to the use of conventional steel and concrete materials. The LCC analysis indicated the preliminary design using FRP materials could be more cost effective over a 100-year service life than ones using traditional materials.
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Wilson, D., Matthew Kamrath, Caitlin Haedrich, Daniel Breton, and Carl Hart. Urban noise distributions and the influence of geometric spreading on skewness. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), November 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/42483.

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Statistical distributions of urban noise levels are influenced by many complex phenomena, including spatial and temporal variations in the source level, multisource mixtures, propagation losses, and random fading from multipath reflections. This article provides a broad perspective on the varying impacts of these phenomena. Distributions incorporating random fading and averaging (e.g., gamma and noncentral Erlang) tend to be negatively skewed on logarithmic (decibel) axes but can be positively skewed if the fading process is strongly modulated by source power variations (e.g., compound gamma). In contrast, distributions incorporating randomly positioned sources and explicit geometric spreading [e.g., exponentially modified Gaussian (EMG)] tend to be positively skewed with exponential tails on logarithmic axes. To evaluate the suitability of the various distributions, one-third octave band sound-level data were measured at 37 locations in the North End of Boston, MA. Based on the Kullback-Leibler divergence as calculated across all of the locations and frequencies, the EMG provides the most consistently good agreement with the data, which were generally positively skewed. The compound gamma also fits the data well and even outperforms the EMG for the small minority of cases exhibiting negative skew. The lognormal provides a suitable fit in cases in which particular non-traffic noise sources dominate.
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Grimley, Hart, and Viana. PR-015-07604-R01 Clamp-On Ultrasonic Flow Meters as Diagnostic Tools. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), June 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0011006.

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Over the past several years, improvements in clamp-on ultrasonic meter technology have caused increased interest in applying this technology within the natural gas industry. Clamp-on ultrasonic meters (CUSMs), which are mounted on the outside of a pipe, send and receive ultrasonic waveforms through the pipe wall. This configuration offers several potential advantages over in-line meters, including portability and the ability to be installed without shutdown and disassembly of the pipeline. CUSMs, like their in-line counterparts, use sophisticated electronics to control the meter operation and to monitor parameters such as transducer signal strength, path velocities, and speed of sound. Because of these features, CUSMs are being considered for their potential as in-situ verification and as diagnostic tools. Having such portable tools to quickly verify meter performance would save considerable time in troubleshooting causes of lost and unaccounted-for (LAUF) gas, thus, minimizing overall LAUF totals. The ability to validate meter performance in-situ would also significantly reduce operating and maintenance costs of metering stations, particularly costs of unnecessary recalibrations. This project specifically addressed the ability of a CUSM to measure distorted profiles with sufficient resolution to determine if the flow is properly conditioned for flow measurement by other meter types. It also addressed the accuracy with which CUSM measurements, performed with sufficient spatial fidelity, can be used to provide a reference flow rate for in-situ meter proving. The test approach was to traverse a single ultrasonic transducer pair around the perimeter of the pipe in sufficiently small increments to measure the flow field at a given pipe cross section independent of the amount of flow distortion present. Velocity profile measurements performed at the same locations were used as an independent check of the CUSMs profile sensitivity.
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Numerical simulation of ground-water flow paths and discharge locations at Puget Sound Naval Shipyard, Bremerton, Washington. US Geological Survey, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/wri964147.

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