Relevant bibliographies by topics / Sound design decisions

Academic literature on the topic 'Sound design decisions'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Sound design decisions"

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Stoll, Thomas. "Genomic: Combining Genetic Algorithms and Corpora to Evolve Sound Treatments." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Interactive Digital Entertainment 10, no. 5 (June 29, 2021): 50–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aiide.v10i5.12772.

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Genomic is Python software that evolves sound treatments and produce novel sounds. It offers features that have the potential to serve sound designers and composers, aiding them in their search for new and interesting sounds. This paper lays out the rationale and some design decisions made for Genomic, and proposes several intuitive ways of both using the software and thinking about the techniques that it enables for the modification and design of sound.
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Li, Ye, Jie Gao, A. Zeynep Enkavi, Lisa Zaval, Elke U. Weber, and Eric J. Johnson. "Sound credit scores and financial decisions despite cognitive aging." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 112, no. 1 (December 22, 2014): 65–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1413570112.

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Age-related deterioration in cognitive ability may compromise the ability of older adults to make major financial decisions. We explore whether knowledge and expertise accumulated from past decisions can offset cognitive decline to maintain decision quality over the life span. Using a unique dataset that combines measures of cognitive ability (fluid intelligence) and of general and domain-specific knowledge (crystallized intelligence), credit report data, and other measures of decision quality, we show that domain-specific knowledge and expertise provide an alternative route for sound financial decisions. That is, cognitive aging does not spell doom for financial decision-making in domains where the decision maker has developed expertise. These results have important implications for public policy and for the design of effective interventions and decision aids.
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Limanond, Thirayoot, and Debbie A. Niemeier. "Accessibility and Mode-Destination Choice Decisions: Exploring Travel in Three Neighborhoods in Puget Sound, WA." Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design 30, no. 2 (April 2003): 219–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/b12846.

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Despite the popularity of the neotraditional development concept, attempts to investigate the effectiveness of various mixed-use core (MUC) designs in terms of induced localized walking trips are rare. In this study, we use the logsum measure of accessibility derived from a random utility model to investigate how neighborhood design and regional setting affect mode and destination choices for shopping and how these effects vary by income and day of week. We then use the random utility model to simulate changes in the design configuration of the neighborhood MUC and evaluate the effects of the changes on within-neighborhood-accessibility and travel-decision parameters. Our results provide insight on how traditional neighborhood residents choose destinations and modes for their shopping travel and how the geometric design of the MUC can affect travel decisions. We found that local and regional accessibility have interrelated effects on the choice decisions of traditional residents, which results in variations in travel decisions over neighborhood space. In addition, these variations appear even after controlling for income groups and day of week. In simulations evaluating the effectiveness of alternative MUC designs, we find that the optimal MUC design is the one that maximizes proximity to all residential locations in the neighborhood. That is, MUC designs that are confined to the center of the neighborhood are less effective in inducing within-neighborhood shopping.
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Lilly, Stephen F. "statics: a C++ implementation of functional iteration synthesis." Organised Sound 13, no. 1 (February 29, 2008): 61–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355771808000083.

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Abstractstatics is a non-standard sound synthesis program that uses functional iteration to both generate sound events and organise them temporally. This paper gives a brief history on the use of functional iteration in music composition and then describes how it is implemented in statics. Also discussed is the conception of program design as compositional process. Since statics was designed by a composer with musical goals in mind, the program is itself is a collection of compositional decisions. Furthermore, the unique timbres and structures created by statics are a direct result of these decisions. Accordingly, I discuss my compositional process in two stages: those choices that are embedded into the program (general decisions) and those choices that occurred post-design (specific decisions). Using as examples the three individual compositions created with statics (congruent, convergence and cyclian), I delineate the effects of both types of decision on the compositional process and then describe how these three compositions embody different characteristics of my implementation of functional iteration.
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Kalman, H., and E. Zahavi. "A Modern Approach to Machine Design Education." International Journal of Mechanical Engineering Education 22, no. 2 (April 1994): 101–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030641909402200205.

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Engineering educators face a heavy responsibility in equipping young engineers for today's competitive world. The industries that will employ them will only survive if the people working in them are able to make and follow sound decisions. The basis for these decisions, among other things, must be an effective design process. The challenge of educating students to become worthy design engineers is being met at the Mechanical Engineering Department, at BGU, Israel, and the purpose of this article is to describe how it is done.
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Briceño, Carlos M., Andres L. Carrano, Brian K. Thorn, and Marcos Esterman. "A Design Optimization Framework to Estimate Environmental Impact of Design Decisions in Consumer Products." Journal of Green Building 4, no. 2 (May 1, 2009): 141–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.3992/jgb.4.2.141.

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Most products have the potential to negatively impact the environment during all life-cycle stages. However, most environmental impact assessment methods focus on a single product life-cycle and on a specific life-cycle stage. Product design plays a significant role by determining traditional environmental impacts, such as embodied energy of materials, but also by influencing market adoption and production volumes. The main objective of this work is to develop a design optimization framework that estimates the environmental impact of design decisions (e.g. materials choice, etc.) across all life-cycle stages in consumer products. The methodology relies on quality function deployment (QFD), multi-attribute utility theory, non-linear mathematical programming, and life-cycle assessment tools to estimate the utility of the design options to the customer, the producer, and the environment. The proposed framework allows designers and other decision makers to select options that are environmentally sound and also aligned with the business objectives.
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Al-Tekreeti, Mustafa S., Salwa M. Beheiry, and Vian Ahmed. "Commitment Indicators for Tracking Sustainable Design Decisions in Construction Projects." Sustainability 14, no. 10 (May 19, 2022): 6205. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14106205.

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The construction industry is considered one of the largest contributors to climate change through its consumption of natural resources and generation of greenhouse gases. Much of this can be attributed to inadequate decision making and follow-up within construction companies. To mitigate this problem, considerable research on Sustainable Development (SD) reports on decision support systems have been developed in order to make sound decisions with respect to the environment. Nonetheless, and despite the availability of such tools, these systems fail to track the commitment to SD decisions and goals during the different phases of construction projects in general and the design phase in particular. As such, this study identified three standard SD indicators: waste reduction, energy consumption, and carbon emissions as the main contributors, and developed the framework to track the project stakeholders’ commitment to the relevant SD indicators during the project design phase. The developed framework was validated via an expert panel and used to create a Sustainable Development Commitment Tracking Tool (SDCTT-D). The SDCTT-D tool was also applied in an infrastructure project case study. The results of this study gauged the usability of the developed tool and corroborated the research premise.
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Barrow, Janine M. "Streamlining ‘environment in design' decision-making – from concept to operations in major development projects." APPEA Journal 58, no. 2 (2018): 679. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj17088.

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As the engineering design process for a major development project advances from concept through to ready for start up, many key decisions are made and controls formulated that ultimately influence environmental, social (and safety) outcomes. These decisions are often made based on sound technical grounds with key decision logs, hazard identification or hazard and operability studies or similar used to record the process, but with limited recognition of environmental outcomes. Many of the onshore and offshore regulations in Australia (most notably, the Offshore Petroleum and Greenhouse Gas (Environment) Regulations 2009) require environmental risks and impacts to be reduced to a level that is as low as reasonably practicable (ALARP). Additionally, justifiable assessment of controls and decisions are presented in the environment plans (EP) that are typically prepared later on in the design process. Challenges can often arise when geographically disparate design contractors lack ALARP assessment processes to evaluate decisions and controls from an environmental perspective and record outcomes for future use in regulatory documentation. This can be particularly pronounced for operations EPs. Janine shares her practical experience in environmental integration in engineering design to showcase methods that tangibly demonstrate robust decision-making, inclusive of delivering environmental outcomes, to regulators.
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Mettler, Tobias. "Thinking in Terms of Design Decisions When Developing Maturity Models." International Journal of Strategic Decision Sciences 1, no. 4 (October 2010): 76–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jsds.2010100105.

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To measure dedicated aspects of “maturity”, a range of maturity models have been developed in the field of information systems by practitioners and academics over the past years. Despite its broad proliferation, the concept has not escaped criticism. Unnecessary bureaucracy, poor theoretical foundation, and the impression of a falsified certainty to achieve success are a few examples. As there is a significant lack of knowledge on how to design theoretically sound and widely accepted maturity models, in this paper, the author opens the discussion on design decisions when developing these models. Based on analogy and informed arguments, the author synthesizes a generic but adjuvant framework that consists of five common design steps and eighteen decision parameters that help practitioners as well as researchers in the development of maturity models.
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Yalçın, Erkut, Halil Bilal, Ayhan Yağcı, and Haluk Erol. "A Numerical Approach for Sound Quality of Vehicle Doors." International Journal of Acoustics and Vibration 25, no. 1 (March 30, 2020): 9–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.20855/ijav.2020.25.11475.

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A Vibro-Acoustic Finite Element Method (FEM) model capable of calculating the transient sound pressure generated by the door slam of a vehicle was developed in this study. A design sensitivity analysis (DSA) was performed for investigating the effects of major design variables on the related sound quality metrics. The methodology was developed using a sedan-car and its FEM model. This paper shows that a Computer Aided Engineering (CAE) model can be used as a rather powerful tool for giving design change decisions for the door components from sound quality point of view during vehicle body development according to psychoacoustic parameters.
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Books on the topic "Sound design decisions"

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Office, United Nations Environment Programme GPA Coordination. Guidelines on municipal wastewater management: A practical guide for decision-makers and professionals on how to plan, design, and finance appropriate and environmentally sound municipal wastewater discharge systems. 3rd ed. The Hague, Netherlands: UNEP/GPA, 2004.

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Williams, Russell. Sound Decisions: An Introduction to Sound Design and Production. Pearson Education, Limited, 2013.

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Torok, Simon, and Paul Holper. Securing Australia's Future. CSIRO Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/9781486306701.

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The future will bring change for Australia. But whether that change is for the better or worse largely depends on the decisions we make today as individuals and as a nation. Recognising rapid changes in the global economy, environment and policy, the Australian Government engaged the Australian Council of Learned Academies (ACOLA) to undertake detailed interdisciplinary research to help guide Australian thinking and policy decisions. Dozens of Australia’s finest minds assessed the opportunities available to the nation globally and domestically, charting a course for the future. The resulting findings can prepare Australia to address the challenges ahead and make the most of the opportunities. Securing Australia’s Future synthesises the major themes that emerge from ACOLA’s reports. Each chapter includes key findings designed to optimise Australia’s prosperity and place in the region. The future is a long game but its base must be built now. This book provides a vision for the nation, for its politicians, public servants and industry leaders – a sound footing for securing Australia’s future. It is a vital resource for Members of Federal and State parliaments, senior public servants, industry leaders, universities and the interested public.
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United Nations Environment Programme. GPA Coordination Office, UNEP International Environmental Technology Centre, and Unesco-IHE Institute for Water Education, eds. Guidelines on municipal wastewater management: A practical guide for decision-makers and professionals on how to plan, design, and finance appropriate and environmentally sound municipal wastewater discharge systems. 3rd ed. The Hague: United Nations Environment Programme, 2004.

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Ghalehdar, Payam. The Origins of Overthrow. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190695859.001.0001.

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Why has regime change figured so recurrently in US foreign policy? Between 1906 and 2011, the United States forcibly intervened in at least sixteen states, targeting their domestic political authority structure. Accounts thus far in International Relations scholarship fail to provide sound explanations for this pattern. Their premise that the United States seeks national security, economic benefits, or democracy in the target state is put into doubt by studies that demonstrate the limited success of most US regime change interventions. Focusing on the emotional state of US presidents, this book presents a novel explanation for the recurrence of forcible regime change in US foreign policy. It argues that regime change becomes an attractive foreign policy tool to US presidents when emotional frustration grips them. Emotional frustration, the book’s core concept, is an emotional state that comprises hegemonic expectations, perceptions of hatred in target state obstructions, and negative affect. Once instigated, it shapes both presidential preferences and strategies, carrying with it both a desire for removing foreign leaders as the perceived source of frustration and a turn to military aggression. Based on a wealth of declassified government sources, the empirical part of the book illustrates how emotional frustration has time and again shaped US regime change decisions. Spanning two world regions—the Western Hemisphere and the Middle East—and roughly one hundred years of US foreign policy, the book traces the emotional state of US presidents in five regime change episodes—Cuba 1906, Nicaragua 1909–1912, the Dominican Republic 1963–1965, Iran 1979–1980, and Iraq 2001–2003.
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Clarke, Victoria, and Andrew Walsh, eds. Fundamentals of Mental Health Nursing. Oxford University Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199547746.001.0001.

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In order to provide sound, person-centred care, mental health nursing students need a thorough understanding of theory alongside the ability to translate this knowledge into practice. It can be difficult to apply ideas from the classroom and books when learning how to work with mental health service users for the first time. That is why the theoretical aspects of this book are presented alongside realistic accounts of nursing practice. Fundamentals of Mental Health Nursing is a case-based and service user centred textbook for mental health nursing students. Designed to support students throughout their pre-registration studies, the text covers the essential knowledge required to provide high quality nursing care. Contributions from real service users and cases of fictional clients are explored in detail to provide excellent transferable skills for practice. Dedicated chapters explore fundamental nursing skills and mental health law before providing a case-based exploration of the areas and subjects that will be encountered by students in university and placement. Practice-based chapters introduce students to the needs of a diverse range of fictional clients and explain how the skills of communication, assessment, care planning and monitoring can be applied. Each chapter provides a sample care plan explaining why and how clinical decisions are made, so that students can develop their own skills and practice. The text opens with clear advice to help students succeed in their studies and concludes with a wealth of practical and thoughtful advice on becoming a professional and getting that first job. Online Resource Centre * Twenty one video clips of fictional service users demonstrate the application of theory and prepare students for real nursing practice * Quizzes, scenarios and a range of activities help students to apply their learning * Interactive glossary explains terminology and jargon * Sample CV's and self awareness exercises aid professional development
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VA health care: Third-party charges based on sound methodology; implementation challenges remain : report to the chairmen and Ranking Minority Members, Committees on Veterans' Affairs, U.S. Senate and House of Representatives. Washington, D.C: The Office, 1999.

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VA health care: Third-party charges based on sound methodology; implementation challenges remain : report to the chairmen and Ranking Minority Members, Committees on Veterans' Affairs, U.S. Senate and House of Representatives. Washington, D.C: The Office, 1999.

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Book chapters on the topic "Sound design decisions"

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Deacon, Thomas, and Mathieu Barthet. "Spatial Design Considerations for Interactive Audio in Virtual Reality." In Sonic Interactions in Virtual Environments, 181–217. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-04021-4_6.

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AbstractSpace is a fundamental feature of virtual reality (VR) systems, and more generally, human experience. Space is a place where we can produce and transform ideas and act to create meaning. It is also an information container. When working with sound and space interactions, making VR systems becomes a fundamentally interdisciplinary endeavour. To support the design of future systems, designers need an understanding of spatial design decisions that impact audio practitioners’ processes and communication. This chapter proposes a typology of VR interactive audio systems, focusing on their function and the role of space in their design. Spatial categories are proposed to be able to analyse the role of space within existing interactive audio VR products. Based on the spatial design considerations explored in this chapter, a series of implications for design are offered that future research can exploit.
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Bergen, Jan Peter, and Zoë Robaey. "Designing in Times of Uncertainty: What Virtue Ethics Can Bring to Engineering Ethics in the Twenty-First Century." In Philosophy of Engineering and Technology, 163–83. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-08424-9_9.

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AbstractOur world is changing in rapid and unanticipated ways. Given technology’s central role in those changes, engineers face difficult design decisions. In dominant consequentialist and deontological engineering ethics paradigms, making design choices implies having sufficient information on those choices and their trade-offs, which is often lacking. Some scholars have pointed to virtue ethics as an alternative approach to engineering ethics, but how can virtue ethics support engineers in situations of uncertainty? In this chapter, we explore how virtue ethics is conducive to sound engineering in different conditions of uncertainty.
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Giupponi, Carlo. "Operationalizing Climate Proofing in Decision/Policy Making." In Springer Climate, 225–32. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-86211-4_26.

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AbstractThe purpose of this work is to present an operational approach to include consideration of global change drivers (climatic, economic, social, etc.) in support to the design of local policies or investment plans. In both cases decision/policy makers typically have sets of plausible solutions and decisions to be taken in terms of choices among sets of plausible solutions with the best knowledge about the future dynamics of endogenous and exogenous system variables. The ambition is to identify the preferable solution(s) (in terms of technical performances, acceptance by stakeholders, cost–benefit ratio, etc.) in a medium term perspective, (e.g., 10–40 years), with current knowledge about the problem and under the effect of important sources of uncertainty (both aleatory and epistemic). Common to most decision contexts in a medium term perspective typical of both investment decisions and adaptation policies is the prevalence of economic signals in the shorter term and of climatic signals in the longer term. Models play a fundamental role in both cases, but they rarely cover the whole set of variables needed for decision making and the outcomes usually require integration of qualitative expert knowledge or simply subjective judgements. Multi-criteria analysis coupled with uncertainty analysis can contribute with methodologically sound and operational solutions. This paper elaborates on a series of recent cases with the ambition to extract common elements for a general methodological framework.
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Godfrey, Michael W., and Cory J. Kapser. "Sometimes, Cloning Is a Sound Design Decision!" In Code Clone Analysis, 209–23. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-1927-4_15.

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Janssen, Patrick, and Vignesh Kaushik. "Decision Chain Encoding: Evolutionary Design Optimization with Complex Constraints." In Evolutionary and Biologically Inspired Music, Sound, Art and Design, 157–67. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-36955-1_14.

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Eisenmann, Jonathan, Matthew Lewis, and Rick Parent. "Probabilistic Decision Making for Interactive Evolution with Sensitivity Analysis." In Evolutionary and Biologically Inspired Music, Sound, Art and Design, 1–12. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-44335-4_1.

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Vesanen, Teemu, Jari Shemeikka, Kostas Tsatsakis, Brian O’Regan, Andriy Hryshchenko, Eoin O’Leidhin, and Dominic O’Sullivan. "Digital Tools for HVAC-Design, Operation and Efficiency Management." In Innovative Tools and Methods Using BIM for an Efficient Renovation in Buildings, 63–73. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-04670-4_5.

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AbstractThe project BIM4EEB aims also to develop digital tools to support the design, procurement, installation, post-renovation operation, user feedback and profiling of building automation systems for HVAC. This helps supporting decision making, interaction with tenants and owners during the design, construction, and post-renovation operation phases. The development of the tools will be underpinned by a sound methodological approach. Work will include considerations of interoperability with Smart City technology of automation systems for HVAC. Specific objectives will be related to the development of the following software tools: A software component supporting the automatic generation of the layout for control systems emphasising on user preferences and including constraint checking of BAC-topologies against selected building codes. Data and information stored in BIM models are used to generate the initial recommendations and constraints and to deliver the final installation instructions. A software component allowing the seamless specification and evaluation of user comfort and systems performance. The underpinning information model will merge data sources from BIM (dimensional data) and BAC (factual data). An energy-refurbishment assessment tool, for bridging the gap between commercial simulators and the BIM management system. A user-profiling component allowing to compare expectations of tenants and owners regarding comfort and systems’ performance against monitored parameters. The results of this software component can be used in the pre- and post-renovation phases to update the content of BIM systems and thus to improve their accuracy and to reduce efforts for data acquisition and verification.
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Stamoulis, Dimitrios, Dimitrios Theotokis, Drakoulis Martakos, and Georgios Gyftodimos. "Ateleological Developments of "Design-Decisions-Independent" Information Systems." In Adaptive Evolutionary Information Systems, 81–104. IGI Global, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-59140-034-9.ch004.

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This chapter introduces ateleology as a new paradigm for developing information systems (IS). It argues that the user should be able to modify the information systems’ behaviour at run-time, unlike contemporary IS. Such information systems, called tailorable, are able to evolve together with their context to adapt to the constantly changing requirements of their users. Ateleology provides a sound theoretical basis for explaining tailorable IS (TIS) development. Using an innovative software architecture made up of dynamic object-oriented software components, it is shown how an IS can be design-decisions-independent and, thus, tailorable, by empowering the user to control the system’s behaviour at run-time. By abolishing design decisions that unnecessarily and irreversibly restrict the IS’s behaviour and by deferring them at run-time, TIS is the first and only breed of IS that evolve and adapt to their context, to achieve constant systems development.
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Amonkar, Raj V. "Innovative Solutions for Implementing Global Supply Chains in Emerging Markets." In Innovative Solutions for Implementing Global Supply Chains in Emerging Markets, 28–48. IGI Global, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-9795-9.ch002.

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In a supply chain network, facilities are the primary components where a product is manufactured or stored. During the phase of design of a supply chain network, a company decides how to configure the supply chain over the next several years. Key driver of supply chain performance in terms of responsiveness and efficiency will be taken into consideration in the decision process and the decisions include the role assigned to each facility, its capacity to perform the assigned role, the number and location of the facilities. Since supply chain design decisions pertaining to facilities are typically made for the long term and are very expensive to alter on short notice, the decisions must take into account uncertainty in anticipated market conditions over the next few years. Decisions regarding facilities are therefore a crucial part of supply chain design. This chapter explains the practical application of theories, concepts and frameworks in the area of Supply Chain Design, Risk Mitigation and Social Networks. The practical application is based on a case study of ABC, one of the world's leading agribusiness companies with global operations that made a successful foray in emerging markets facilitated by sound decisions pertaining to the design of its global supply chain network. Certain names and other identifying information were disguised to protect confidentiality.
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Amonkar, Raj V. "Innovative Solutions for Implementing Global Supply Chains in Emerging Markets." In Supply Chain and Logistics Management, 348–68. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-0945-6.ch017.

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In a supply chain network, facilities are the primary components where a product is manufactured or stored. During the phase of design of a supply chain network, a company decides how to configure the supply chain over the next several years. Key driver of supply chain performance in terms of responsiveness and efficiency will be taken into consideration in the decision process and the decisions include the role assigned to each facility, its capacity to perform the assigned role, the number and location of the facilities. Since supply chain design decisions pertaining to facilities are typically made for the long term and are very expensive to alter on short notice, the decisions must take into account uncertainty in anticipated market conditions over the next few years. Decisions regarding facilities are therefore a crucial part of supply chain design. This chapter explains the practical application of theories, concepts and frameworks in the area of Supply Chain Design, Risk Mitigation and Social Networks. The practical application is based on a case study of ABC, one of the world's leading agribusiness companies with global operations that made a successful foray in emerging markets facilitated by sound decisions pertaining to the design of its global supply chain network. Certain names and other identifying information were disguised to protect confidentiality.
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Conference papers on the topic "Sound design decisions"

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Fucke, L., R. J. Mumaw, R. J. Kennedy, and R. K. Nicholson. "Assessment of risk from human performance on the flight deck - driving sound design decisions." In 6th IET International Conference on System Safety 2011. IET, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/cp.2011.0247.

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Callaghan, Alison R., and Kemper E. Lewis. "A 2-Phase Aspiration-Level and Utility Theory Approach to Large Scale Design." In ASME 2000 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2000/dtm-14569.

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Abstract The ability to make rational decisions is one of mankind’s unique attributes. A characteristic of the formal techniques that have been used for decision making is the selection of the best alternative with respect to a certain figure of merit. One of the most critical problems in engineering design is making early decisions on a sound basis. However, the early stages of design are also the most uncertain, and obtaining precise information upon which to base design decisions is usually impossible. The need for a methodology to represent and manipulate imprecision is greatest in the early, preliminary stages of engineering design, where the designer is most unsure of the final dimensions and shape, material properties, and performance of the completed design. Utility Theory provides an analytical way to aid the decisions in engineering design. By exchanging from objective to attribute and expressing these attitudes mathematically, a utility based attribute function (Utility Function) can be set up to describe the attitude of a decision-maker with regard to his/her preference. In this work, the Aspiration-level Interactive Method (AIM), a goal-seeking method based on identifying non-dominated solutions, is used along with Utility Theory to compensate for the limitations of utility theory in forming a meaningful group preference. This work is an initial attempt to integrate two methodologies from the field of decision theory in order to provide rational decision support for design problems where a hierarchy of decision making is required. The hierarchy, in this paper, is characterized by multiple designers at the lower level who report to one manager. The designers each have different preferences and values, while the manager is driven by project goals and specifications. The approach presented generates feasible and preferred design combinations for further analysis in the detailed design phase.
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Chadha, B., M. Pemberton, A. Crockett, J. Sharkey, J. Sacks, and S. McKenna. "Aligning Operational Decisions to Enterprise Objectives Through a Dynamic Enterprise Architecture Approach." In ASME 2012 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2012-70440.

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As the rate of change in both business models and business complexity increases, enterprise architecture can be positioned to supply decision support for executives. The authors propose a dynamic enterprise architecture framework that supports business executive needs for rapid response and contextualized numerical decision support. The classic approaches to business decision making are both over simplified and insufficient to account for the dynamic complexities of reality. Recent failures of historically sound businesses demonstrate that a more robust mathematical approach is required to establish and maintain the alignment between operational decisions and enterprise objectives. We begin with an enterprise architecture (EA) framework that is robust enough to capture the elements of the business within the structure of a meta model that describes how the elements will be stored and tested for completeness and coherence. We add to that the analytical tools needed to innovate and improve the business. Finally, dynamic causal and agent layers are added to account for the qualitative and evolutionary elements that are normally missing or over simplified in most decision systems. This results in a dynamic model of an enterprise that can be simulated and analyzed to answer key business questions and provide decision support. We present a case study and demonstrate how the models are used within the decision framework to support executive decision makers.
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Zeid, I. "Computer Aided Rheological Design of Injection Molded Products." In ASME 1987 Design Technology Conferences. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc1987-0020.

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Abstract Traditionally, injection mold design has been quite empirical, relying on previous experiences, rather than sound engineering principles. This is due to the lack of algorithms available to injection mold designers. With the continuous advancement of the CAD/CAM technology, new principles can be developed to generate fully integrated and automated mold design procedures. This paper presents a methodology of a more analytical approach to mold design. Such methodology is based on the branching technique which is utilized to develop the required data for the rheological analysis. A post-processor is also developed to enable mold designers make their decisions. Numerical experiments are included to demonstrate the scope of the analytical approach.
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Shooter, Steven B., and Charles F. Reinholtz. "AutoCam: A Modular Decision Support System for the Design of Cam Mechanisms." In ASME 1997 Design Engineering Technical Conferences. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc97/dac-3856.

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Abstract Good engineering practice requires designers to incorporate knowledge, processes and skills to produce a superior product. Each stage of the product realization process requires that the designer utilize available resources to make sound engineering decisions in a timely manner. Much of the research on engineering design has focused on formulating general models for the design process. However, it has been shown that these models are rarely used by engineers in practice. This paper advances the concept that useful design models and the resulting support systems must include methodologies that are particular to a given field or type of design in an overall design methodology framework. The inclusion of these knowledge-domain-dependent methodologies provides a complete framework for the greatest utility to the designer. The paper then describes a decision support system, AutoCam, that embodies these principles for assisting designers in the process of synthesizing cam mechanisms. AutoCam is a comprehensive, modular computer tool that is integrated with a PC-based CAD package to assist the designer throughout the design process, from the problem confrontation, through the formulation of objectives and establishing specifications, and synthesizing the resulting cam profile. While several software programs are available for synthesizing a cam profile from a given motion program, no other current package assists the designer with the complete process of cam mechanism design. AutoCam provides a design model that incorporates a detailed methodology with background information and analytical tools for design.
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Pandey, Vijitashwa. "Flaws Lurking in Engineering Design-Decision Making: The Attribute Set Dissociation Problem." In ASME 2016 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2016-59628.

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The applicability of theoretical decision analysis, while rationally sound, has eluded mainstream engineering design. A reason commonly overlooked is that basic concepts in decision analysis do not scale naturally to multiple attributes — which are encountered in, by far, most design problems. In this paper, we document a paradox when dealing with transactions involving multiple attributes. We show the possibility of a money pump where if we dissociate part of an attribute from a design, the rest of the design can be manipulated to get either a better design or create wealth out of nothing. To reconcile with paradox, it is argued that there is a fundamental problem dealing with multiple attributes where a frame of reference chosen (purposefully) ignores external inputs, assuming that design decisions happen in the vacuum of the frame chosen. For example, in a simple design valuation decision, the money amount committed does not necessarily come from a fixed range of negotiability (upper and lower limits) but is subject to change if significant changes in other attributes are possible. The root cause of this issue is that fungible attributes such as money can form a part of the attribute set or be trivially dissociated from it, if needed. We argue that this is rational behavior on a decision maker’s part. However, most utility formulations do not model it and lead to the paradox. We call this the attribute dissociation problem. A specific definition is provided as well as implications on design as well as preference elicitation methods are considered. Finally, formulations are presented that avoid this problem and recommendations are provided.
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Kim, Sun K., Kosuke Ishii, and Kurt A. Beiter. "Scenario-Based Design for Amorphous Systems." In ASME 2008 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2008-67539.

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Designing amorphous systems is difficult. Not only does the design team have to deal with various building blocks, such as hardware, software, service, infrastructure, and policy, but there are communication challenges among team members with different domain-expertise. This research begins with the observation that, at the onset of an amorphous system-oriented project, design teams struggle because they are limited to knowledge of less than 4 W’s of the 6 W’s (Where, What, Who, When, Why, How) rather than detailed functional or structural specifications. The proposed scenario-based approaches enable design teams to effectively deal with ambiguity and to communicate their ideas among the team as well as with customers and managers through a common language. The framework is based on conventional dfX (Design for X), but new methods such as the Scenario Graph, the Scenario Menu, and Dynamic-Customer Value Chain Analysis (D-CVCA) help design teams through the exploration stage of a new system development. The integrated framework guides the design teams in visualizing scenarios, making decisions, and building a sound business model for an amorphous system.
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Dagher, Antoine, Jean-Franc¸ois Petiot, and Herve´ Guyon. "Elicitation and Modeling of Customers’ Preferences in Industrial Design: A Comparative Study on Vehicle Front End." In ASME 2008 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2008-49637.

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The understanding of customer preference, in relation to product attributes, is a key challenge in industrial design. It is based on preference measurement, which is a complex task, crucial for sound design decisions. In this paper, we study experimentally the influence of the preference elicitation method on the results of the test. For this, we designed a case study concerning the perception of vehicle’s front-end by a panel of subjects. Two different preference elicitation methods were used in the same session: direct rating on a scale, and pairwise comparison. Conjoint Analysis was used next to model the preference and to compute the part worth of the different design factors. Two conjoint methods were examined: rating based and choice based. The paper presents a comparison of the results of the different modeling with conjoint analysis, in order to assess the reliability and the validity of the models.
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Takai, Shun, Michael Wagner, and Marcos Esterman. "A Pilot Study of Cognitive-Neuroscience Mechanism in Product Concept Evaluation." In ASME 2015 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2015-50466.

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Novel, functional, and aesthetic products are thought to have a high likelihood of success in the marketplace. While making sound design decisions is a critical ability of good designers, evaluating product concepts for their future successes in the marketplace is a challenging task. In design classes, only about half of product concepts selected by student design teams may be retained and prototyped into final products, i.e., about half of student design teams find that their initial product concepts are difficult to make workable and change to different concepts by the time they create prototypes for testing. This paper investigates if electrophysiological concomitants in product concept evaluation may potentially be used to improve students’ and designers’ product concept evaluation processes. The preliminary data in this pilot study indicate that distinct decision-making processes may occur during evaluations of product concepts on novelty, functionality, and aesthetics, evidenced by brain activation differences among students.
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Kushnir, Emmanuil, and Terrence Sheehan. "Development of Machine Tool Structure at the Early Stages of Design Process." In ASME 2003 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2003-43543.

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The major task in the design process is to identify the optimal structural designs that would provide the best performance of the machine while minimizing the cost. It is known that eighty percent of the final cost and quality of a product are designed in during early stages of the design process. Design changes and optimization later in the design process can have only a limited impact on the final cost and quality. Thus it is critical that the right concept of the machine is selected in the early stages of the design. However, making informed decisions early in the design process is difficult because of time constraints and uncertainty. The analysis, which are performed during early stages of the design, typically have to work with information that is not clearly defined (sketches vs. drawings, all components or options are not included, developed duty cycles vs. actual cycles, unkown loads, etc.). Results of these preliminary analyses are rough and approximate but very effective where the level in precision required is less that the final design analysis. The timetable for these analysis is typically significantly shorter. The preliminary analyses of the machine concept and machine components have to provide sufficient data and criteria required to make sound decisions between concurrent designs. These considerations are important in the machine tool business, which have deal with large castings, expensive pattern costs and long lead-times. The machine tool specifications dictate the process of selection of the structural geometry, dimensions, and structural components. The selection process is constrained by geometrical limitations and functional requirements driven by the specifications. These constraints cannot be represented in all cases by obvious equality or inequality expressions and functions of a design stage. It is proposed to divide the early design process stage into three steps: - prepare sketches of acceptable conceptual designs with major components in place; - prepare sketches of major components and compare they as a individual parts to chose the bests for every concept; - implement these parts as simple conponents in the conceptual design and compare the conceptual designs by their major performance benefits. This approach allows comparing conceptual designs when the components for each design are prepared with the same knowledge of conditions and requirements, and are developed to similar level. The proposed conceptual approach is illustrated by design of nuemrical control machine tools.
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