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MALINK, MARKO, and ANUBAV VASUDEVAN. "THE LOGIC OF LEIBNIZ’S GENERALES INQUISITIONES DE ANALYSI NOTIONUM ET VERITATUM." Review of Symbolic Logic 9, no. 4 (July 18, 2016): 686–751. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1755020316000137.
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AbstractThe Generales Inquisitiones de Analysi Notionum et Veritatum is Leibniz’s most substantive work in the area of logic. Leibniz’s central aim in this treatise is to develop a symbolic calculus of terms that is capable of underwriting all valid modes of syllogistic and propositional reasoning. The present paper provides a systematic reconstruction of the calculus developed by Leibniz in the Generales Inquisitiones. We investigate the most significant logical features of this calculus and prove that it is both sound and complete with respect to a simple class of enriched Boolean algebras which we call auto-Boolean algebras. Moreover, we show that Leibniz’s calculus can reproduce all the laws of classical propositional logic, thus allowing Leibniz to achieve his goal of reducing propositional reasoning to algebraic reasoning about terms.
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Vladimir, Nikola, Ivan Lončar, Ivica Aničić, and Ivo Senjanović. "Prediction of Noise Performance of Ro-Ro Passenger Ship by the Hybrid Statistical Energy Analysi." Journal of Maritime & Transportation Science 2, Special edition 2 (April 2018): 29–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.18048/2018.00.29.
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Noise prediction on board Ro-Ro passenger ship with a capacity of 145 cars and 600 passengers has been performed by means of the hybrid Statistical Energy Analysis (SEA). A general commercial noise analysis software Designer-NOISE is used. Basic issues related to noise on board ships are described, with particular emphasis to regulatory framework. An outline of the used software is presented together with ship technical data and noise source overview. Noise model is described in details and results are presented for selected compartments both without and with sound insulation. In addition to standard noise prediction output, a sensitivity analysis of noise levels with respect to some design parameters (wall thickness, insulation type and thickness, etc.) has been performed. Finally, conclusions on noise performance of a ship are drawn.
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Leddington, Jason P. "Sounds fully simplified." Analysis 79, no. 4 (November 12, 2018): 621–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/analys/any075.
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Abstract In ‘The Ockhamization of the event sources of sound’, Casati et al. (2013) argue that ‘ockhamizing’ Casey O’Callaghan’s account of sounds as proper parts of their event sources yields their preferred view: that sounds are identical with their event sources. This article argues that the considerations Casati et al. marshal in favour of their view are actually stronger considerations in favour of a quite different view: a variant on the Lockean conception of sounds as ‘sensible qualities’ that treats sounds as audible properties of their event sources.
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ZHAO, Huanqi, Kean CHEN, Liang YAN, Bing ZHOU, Jiangong ZHANG, Jun ZHANG, Yunyun DENG, Han LI, and Hao LI. "Suppression and analysis on annoyance of motor vehicle noise using water sound injection." Xibei Gongye Daxue Xuebao/Journal of Northwestern Polytechnical University 40, no. 3 (June 2022): 560–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jnwpu/20224030560.
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Different from the traditional noise control approaches based on sound energy reduction, this study focuses on the annoyance suppression of motor vehicle noise based on audio injection. Firstly, eight motor vehicle noises were selected as the target sounds and three different controllable sounds were used to overlap with different signal-to-noise ratios. Then absolute threshold and combined sound annoyance subjective evaluation experiment were carried out to obtain absolute threshold range and the existence zone of "destructive effect" for combined noise annoyance. Next the influencing factors of the destructive effect are analyzed. The results of the study found that the identifiability of the target sound and the controllable sound is important to the selection of the controllable sound. For most target sounds with high identifiability, the controllable sound with high identifiability and high SNR should be selected. For most target sounds with low identifiability, the controllable sound with low identifiability and low SNR should be selected. Moreover, after the addition of optimal controllable sound, the descend value of the annoyance degree of the target sound with high identifiability is lower than that of the target sound with low identifiability. The results will also provide guidance for the research on audio injection effects, physical mechanisms, the controllable sound selection and optimization design.
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Yogatama, Adiprana. "Phonological Analysis of Indian Language." Register Journal 5, no. 1 (June 1, 2012): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.18326/rgt.v5i1.1-16.
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The aims of this research are to find out the language sounds produced by India speakers, to enrich the scientific realm of language sounds and to stimulate the students to deeply examine other foreign language sounds. For the purpose of the study, the researcher collected data from several sources. The data which were in the form of theoretical research literature were obtained from books in general linguistics, especially on Phonology, both English and Indonesian. For data or material which were in the form of research material to be studied, the researcher presented a native speaker of Indian language named Kour Herbinder. This research is a qualitative research with recording and note technique. To analyze the data, the researcher used phonetics chart, both for cconsonants and vowels. From the analysis result, the researcher found that the sounds in India language are dominated by alveolar sounds like usually pronounced by speakers of Indonesian Balinese dialect. The researcher also found that there are many variations of Indian language sound as allophones, such as sound [k '] is an allophone of [k], and sound [dh] is an allophone of [d]. The pronunciation of sound [t], [d] and [k] dominantly resembles with [t], [d] and [k] on Indonesian Balinese.Keywords: phonetics ; phonemics ; alveolar ; allophone
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Yogatama, Adiprana. "Phonological Analysis of Indian Language." Register Journal 5, no. 1 (June 1, 2012): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.18326/rgt.v5i1.249.
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The aims of this research are to find out the language sounds produced by India speakers, to enrich the scientific realm of language sounds and to stimulate the students to deeply examine other foreign language sounds. For the purpose of the study, the researcher collected data from several sources. The data which were in the form of theoretical research literature were obtained from books in general linguistics, especially on Phonology, both English and Indonesian. For data or material which were in the form of research material to be studied, the researcher presented a native speaker of Indian language named Kour Herbinder. This research is a qualitative research with recording and note technique. To analyze the data, the researcher used phonetics chart, both for cconsonants and vowels. From the analysis result, the researcher found that the sounds in India language are dominated by alveolar sounds like usually pronounced by speakers of Indonesian Balinese dialect. The researcher also found that there are many variations of Indian language sound as allophones, such as sound [k '] is an allophone of [k], and sound [dh] is an allophone of [d]. The pronunciation of sound [t], [d] and [k] dominantly resembles with [t], [d] and [k] on Indonesian Balinese.Keywords: phonetics ; phonemics ; alveolar ; allophone
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Tanigawa, Risako, Kohei Yatabe, and Yasuhiro Oikawa. "High-speed optical imaging and spatio-temporal analysis of sound sources of edge tone phenomena." INTER-NOISE and NOISE-CON Congress and Conference Proceedings 265, no. 3 (February 1, 2023): 4286–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.3397/in_2022_0613.
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Aerodynamic sounds are one of the noises of high-speed trains, automobiles, and wind turbines. To understand the characteristics of those noises, measuring sound sources is important. In general, microphones are used for measuring aerodynamic sounds. However, measuring the sound fields inside flow fields is difficult for microphones because they disturb flows. Thus, optical measurement methods have been applied to visualize aerodynamic sounds. The optical method can measure the sound fields without installing devices inside measurement fields. Therefore, it can capture the sound around sources. In this paper, we performed visualization and spatio-temporal analysis of sound sources of edge tones using parallel phase-shifting interferometry (PPSI). We experimentally confirmed the difference in pressure fluctuations near the sound source depending on the frequency of the edge tones.
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Martinek, Jozef, P. Klco, M. Vrabec, T. Zatko, M. Tatar, and M. Javorka. "Cough Sound Analysis." Acta Medica Martiniana 13, Supplement-1 (March 1, 2013): 15–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/acm-2013-0002.
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Abstract Cough is the most common symptom of many respiratory diseases. Currently, no standardized methods exist for objective monitoring of cough, which could be commercially available and clinically acceptable. Our aim is to develop an algorithm which will be capable, according to the sound events analysis, to perform objective ambulatory and automated monitoring of frequency of cough. Because speech is the most common sound in 24-hour recordings, the first step for developing this algorithm is to distinguish between cough sound and speech. For this purpose we obtained recordings from 20 healthy volunteers. All subjects performed continuous reading of the text from the book with voluntary coughs at the indicated instants. The obtained sounds were analyzed using by linear and non-linear analysis in the time and frequency domain. We used the classification tree for the distinction between cough sound and speech. The median sensitivity was 100% and the median specificity was 95%. In the next step we enlarged the analyzed sound events. Apart from cough sounds and speech the analyzed sounds were induced sneezing, voluntary throat and nasopharynx clearing, voluntary forced ventilation, laughing, voluntary snoring, eructation, nasal blowing and loud swallowing. The sound events were obtained from 32 healthy volunteers and for their analysis and classification we used the same algorithm as in previous study. The median sensitivity was 86% and median specificity was 91%. In the final step, we tested the effectiveness of our developed algorithm for distinction between cough and non-cough sounds produced during normal daily activities in patients suffering from respiratory diseases. Our study group consisted from 9 patients suffering from respiratory diseases. The recording time was 5 hours. The number of coughs counted by our algorithm was compared with manual cough counts done by two skilled co-workers. We have found that the number of cough analyzed by our algorithm and manual counting, as well, were disproportionately different. For that reason we have used another methods for the distinction of cough sound from non-cough sounds. We have compared the classification tree and artificial neural networks. Median sensitivity was increasing from 28% (classification tree) to 82% (artificial neural network), while the median specificity was not changed significantly. We have enlarged our characteristic parameters of the Mel frequency cepstral coefficients, the weighted Euclidean distance and the first and second derivative in time. Likewise the modification of classification algorithm is under our interest
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Liu, Wu Chang, Hai Bin Wang, Jin Qun Liu, Yu Fang, and Zhu Qin Li. "A Heart Sound Acquisition and Analysis System." Advanced Materials Research 341-342 (September 2011): 504–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.341-342.504.
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This paper focuses on a heart sound acquisition and analysis system for in-home use of heart condition monitoring. The acquisition board is comprised of a transducer and the processing module, which is used to detect and send heart sound signal to PC via USB interface for heart sound analysis. The analysis software identifies normal and abnormal heart sounds, and provides an easy understanding graphical representation. Both normal and abnormal heart sounds are used to verify the validity of this system, and the result shows the system can discriminate normal and abnormal heart sounds. It is envisaged that the system can eventually be used for in-home use of heart condition monitoring that even inexperienced users are also able to monitor heart condition easily.
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Hu, Qing Song, De Hui Chen, Wei Ding Wang, and Shou Yu Zhang. "Fish Sound Frequency Domain Analysis and Acoustic Spread Distance Experiment Research." Applied Mechanics and Materials 117-119 (October 2011): 716–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.117-119.716.
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Fish biological sounds reflect abundant information of its living state. It is important to systematically conduct research on the fish acoustic features. This paper designs program code based on Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) to deal with the sounds in frequency domain. By applying the program to analyze the sounds of piranha, oyster toadfish etc., the feature of main frequency is obtained and the sound features of different fishes are compared. This paper further designs the sound detection experiment about the acoustic spread distance; analyzes the sound decibel value varying trend according to the result. The different features among the fishes illustrate the sound difference. Acoustic spread detection experiment provides the fish behavior control feasible distance in the taming system design.
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Jamal, Norezmi, Nabilah Ibrahim, MNAH Sha’abani, and Zulkifli Taat. "Detection of cardiac sounds components: a pilot study." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 17, no. 3 (March 1, 2020): 1330. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v17.i3.pp1330-1337.
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<span>This paper presents a preliminary study related to the detection and identification of cardiac sounds components including first sound (S1), second sound (S2) and murmurs. Detection and identification of cardiac sounds are an important process in automated cardiac sound analysis system in order to automatically diagnose people who are having cardiovascular disorder and determine the existence of murmurs. Sixteen of recorded cardiac sounds (eight normal cardiac sounds, four abnormal cardiac sounds with systole murmur, and four abnormal cardiac sounds with diastole murmur) from PASCAL Classifying Heart Sounds Challenge database were examined for analysis. This work is significant in studying the time and time-frequency based detection of cardiac sounds components characteristics. In time-based analysis, envelope of signal energy was used to do the peak detection of S1, S2 and murmur and also analysis of cardiac cycle, systole and diastole duration. While time-frequency based analysis was used to determine the S1, S2 and murmur frequency range. The findings yield the overall accuracy of envelope-based detection for normal cardiac sound signal at 60.85% while for abnormal cardiac sound signal at 57.24%.</span>
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She, Chen-Jun, Xie-Feng Cheng, and Kai Wang. "Analysis of Heart-Sound Characteristics during Motion Based on a Graphic Representation." Sensors 22, no. 1 (December 28, 2021): 181. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22010181.
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In this paper, the graphic representation method is used to study the multiple characteristics of heart sounds from a resting state to a state of motion based on single- and four-channel heart-sound signals. Based on the concept of integration, we explore the representation method of heart sound and blood pressure during motion. To develop a single- and four-channel heart-sound collector, we propose new concepts such as a sound-direction vector of heart sound, a motion–response curve of heart sound, the difference value, and a state-change-trend diagram. Based on the acoustic principle, the reasons for the differences between multiple-channel heart-sound signals are analyzed. Through a comparative analysis of four-channel motion and resting-heart sounds, from a resting state to a state of motion, the maximum and minimum similarity distances in the corresponding state-change-trend graphs were found to be 0.0038 and 0.0006, respectively. In addition, we provide several characteristic parameters that are both sensitive (such as heart sound amplitude, blood pressure, systolic duration, and diastolic duration) and insensitive (such as sound-direction vector, state-change-trend diagram, and difference value) to motion, thus providing a new technique for the diverse analysis of heart sounds in motion.
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WRIGHT, MATTHEW, JAMES BEAUCHAMP, KELLY FITZ, XAVIER RODET, AXEL RÖBEL, XAVIER SERRA, and GREGORY WAKEFIELD. "Analysis/synthesis comparison." Organised Sound 5, no. 3 (December 2000): 173–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355771800005070.
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We compared six sound analysis/synthesis systems used for computer music. Each system analysed the same collection of twenty-seven varied input sounds, and output the results in Sound Description Interchange Format (SDIF). We describe each system individually then compare the systems in terms of availability, the sound model(s) they use, interpolation models, noise modelling, the mutability of various sound models, the parameters that must be set to perform analysis, and characteristic artefacts. Although we have not directly compared the analysis results among the different systems, our work has made such a comparison possible.
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Suzuki, Naomasa, and Hajime Kitagawa. "Analysis of Transient Sounds by Sound intensity Techniques." Transactions of the Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers Series C 59, no. 560 (1993): 1091–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/kikaic.59.1091.
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Gautama Simanjuntak, Juniarto, Mega Putri Amelya, Fitri Nuraeni, and Rika Raffiudin. "Keragaman Suara Tonggeret dan Jangkrik di Taman Nasional Gunung Gede Pangrango." Jurnal Sumberdaya Hayati 6, no. 1 (December 3, 2020): 20–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/jsdh.6.1.20-25.
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Indonesia is a biodiversity country and has much of samples of bioacoustics but there are no bioacoustics data collected and saved to be referred. Bioacoustics is a study of frequency range, sound amplitudo intensity, sound fluctuation, and sound patterns. It is very useful to study more about population presumption and species determination. This insect bioacoustics research is done at Gunung Gede Pangrango National Park and aims to analyse variety of sound frequency of cicada and cricket. Methods which are used are recording the sounds, editing and analyzing the record result with Praat and Raven Lite 2.0 softwares, and analysing the environment. Analysing the sounds which is done is to find miximum frequency, minimum frequency, and average frequency. The result of the sounds analysis is compared to database in Singing Insect of North America (SINA). Environmental analysing includes temperature, air humidity, and light intensity. There are nine cicada sound recording files and twenty four cricket sound recording files. Cicada has high sound characteristic (9,168.2 Hz) and cricket has low sound characteristic (3,311.80 Hz). Comparation to Singing Insect of North America (SINA) database shows that the cicada’s sound is resemble to Tibicen marginalis and the cricket’s sound is resemble to Grylodes sigillatus.
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Majid, Zamakhsyari Abdul. "MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN PENDIDIKAN BAHASA ARAB MELALUI ANALISA RHOTACISM FONETIS (CADEL)." Almarhalah | Jurnal Pendidikan Islam 6, no. 1 (May 8, 2022): 90–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.38153/almarhalah.v6i1.102.
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This paper aims to identify the phenomenon of Phonetic Rhotacism (Cadel) in improving Arabic language skills for children with speech disorders. Phenomenologically, which is related to the learning process, it will greatly affect several factors, one of which is the difficulty of pronouncing some letters properly due to problems with the articulators. This study uses a qualitative-descriptive method by trying to trace various works and writings related to the focus of the study, either directly or indirectly. The works are read carefully and then analyzed and interpreted qualitatively according to the research problems that have been determined previously. There are several disorders that hinder their articulation ability, including distortion, where there is a change in language sounds to sounds that cannot be used, or can change the meaning of the whole word or even have no meaning, this is because the sounds are not recognized in the language. his first language, namely Indonesian, such as the sound ? (qof), ?? ( ta), ?? (za) changed to the sound ? (dad) ?????? ?? ??, ? is changed to sound ?, and also ? (fa) sound is changed to ? (mim) or ? (nun) sound. And all vowel sounds I (kasrah) will be changed to the vowel sound e^. In addition, there is a sound production abnormality called nasality, which is caused by a narrowing or underdevelopment of the nostrils so that air is not expelled properly. Keywords: Phonetic Rhotacism (Cadel), distortion.
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She, Chen-Jun, and Xie-Feng Cheng. "Design framework of hybrid ensemble identification network and its application in heart sound analysis." AIP Advances 12, no. 4 (April 1, 2022): 045117. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0083764.
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Mixed heart sounds include heart sounds in a state of resting and motion. The analysis of heart sound signals in a state of motion is a difficult problem. (1) First, the mixed heart sound signal was collected by using the shoulder-strap-type heart sound acquisition device designed and made by our research group. The acquisition scheme and data preprocessing method were given, and the characteristics of heart sound signals in a state of motion were analyzed. (2) The design framework of the Hybrid Ensemble Identification Network (HEINet) is proposed, and the design requirements, architecture principles, and detailed design steps are discussed. The design process is simple, fast, and convenient. (3) In this paper, according to the design framework of HEINet, HEINet of the mixed heart sound signal is designed, and the recognition rate of the mixed heart sound signal in biometric authentication has reached 99.1%. Based on this design framework, HEINet of the heart sound signal for the Heart Sounds Catania 2011 heart sound database and HEINet of the electrocardiogram signal for Massachusetts Institute of Technology-Beth Israel Hospital arrhythmia database were designed, and the recognition rates both met the expected requirements. It shows that the design framework of HEINet has obvious universality.
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GRIFFITHS, T. D. "Human complex sound analysis*." Clinical Science 96, no. 3 (March 1, 1999): 231–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/cs0960231.
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The analysis of complex sound features is important for the perception of environmental sounds, speech and music, and may be abnormal in disorders such as specific language impairment in children, and in common adult lesions including stroke and multiple sclerosis. This work addresses the problem of how the human auditory system detects features in complex sound, and uses those features to perceive the auditory world. The work has been carried out using two independent means of testing the same hypotheses; detailed psychophysical studies of neurological patients with central lesions, and functional imaging using positron emission tomography and functional magnetic resonance imaging of normal subjects. The psychophysical and imaging studies have both examined which brain areas are concerned with the analysis of auditory space, and which are concerned with the analysis of timing information in the auditory system. This differs from many previous human auditory studies, which have concentrated on the analysis of sound frequency. The combined lesion and functional imaging approach has demonstrated analysis of the spatial property of sound movement within the right parietal lobe. The timing work has confirmed that the primary auditory cortex is active as a function of the time structure of sound, and therefore not only concerned with frequency representation of sounds.
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Hernawati, Heni. "Analisis Persepsi terhadap Bunyi Frikatif Bahasa Jepang [s, z, ɕ, ʑ] pada Pembelajar Bahasa Jepang yang Berbahasa Ibu Bahasa Jawa." Japanese Research on Linguistics, Literature, and Culture 1, no. 1 (November 27, 2018): 16–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.33633/jr.v1i1.2141.
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People who learn Japanese, especially those who speak Javanese as their mother tongue, meet difficulties to differ fricative sounds in Japanese [s, z, ɕ, ʑ]. That’s why, this research is aimed to find the factors which cause the wrong perception to fricative sounds in Japanese for those learners who speak Javanese as their mother tongue. This research was done to 16 respondents by asking them to answer listening test of 24 words in multiple choice questions with four options from the vocabularies which have no meaning made from sounds [s, z, ɕ, ʑ] which are combined to vowel sound /a/, /u/, /o/. Based on the research result, it can be concluded that the major factor which causes the wrong perception is inexistence of [s, z, ɕ, ʑ] sounds in Javanese phonemic system, thus it affects their listening competence. Sound [ɕ] is identified by the sound [s], and sound [z] is often identified by the sound [Ɉ]. In addition, sound [ʑ] is also changed by the sound [Ɉ] and its alophone [Ɉh]. The learners is often confused to listen this sound as [ɕ]. Keywods: analysis of perception, fricative, Javanese, Japanese, Indonesian native speakers
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Yu, Boya, Linjie Wen, Jie Bai, and Yuying Chai. "Effect of Road and Railway Sound on Psychological and Physiological Responses in an Office Environment." Buildings 12, no. 1 (December 22, 2021): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings12010006.
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The present study aims to explore the psychophysiological impact of different traffic sounds in office spaces. In this experiment, 30 subjects were recruited and exposed to different traffic sounds in a virtual reality (VR) office scene. The road traffic sound and three railway sounds (conventional train, high-speed train, and tram) with three sound levels (45, 55, and 65 dB) were used as the acoustic stimuli. Physiological responses, electrodermal activity (EDA) and heart rate (HR) were monitored throughout the experiment. Psychological evaluations under each acoustic stimulus were also measured using scales within the VR system. The results showed that both the psychological and the physiological responses were significantly affected by the traffic sounds. As for psychological responses, considerable adverse effects of traffic sounds were observed, which constantly increased with the increase in the sound level. The peak sound level was found to have a better performance than the equivalent sound level in the assessment of the psychological impact of traffic sounds. As for the physiological responses, significant effects of both the acoustic factors (sound type and sound level) and the non-acoustic factors (gender and exposure time) were observed. The relationship between sound level and physiological parameters varied among different sound groups. The variation in sound level hardly affected the participants’ HR and EDA when exposed to the conventional train and tram sounds. In contrast, HR and EDA were significantly affected by the levels of road traffic sound and high-speed train sound. Through a correlation analysis, a relatively weak correlation between the psychological evaluations and HR was found.
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Lee, Chang-Young. "Analysis of Formula 1 Sound by Doppler Effect." JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF KOREA 32, no. 5 (2013): 385. http://dx.doi.org/10.7776/ask.2013.32.5.385.
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S.Mahima, S. Mahima. "Environmentally Sound Electronic Waste Treatment Technologies - An Analysis." Global Journal For Research Analysis 3, no. 5 (June 15, 2012): 21–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.15373/22778160/may2014/9.
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Yudha, Feizal Mandala, Nurizzati Nurizzati, and Yenni Hayati. "UNSUR BUNYI DALAM BUKU KUMPULAN PUISI TIDAK ADA NEW YORK HARI INI KARYA M. AAN MANSYUR." Jurnal Bahasa dan Sastra 6, no. 3 (February 15, 2019): 276. http://dx.doi.org/10.24036/81037210.
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This study aimed to describe and analyze the form and use of sound in the Poetry Collection Book Tidak Ada New York Hari Ini by M. Aan Mansyur. To achieve these objectives the theory is used: (1) the nature of poetry, (2) theory of structuralism, (3) elements of poetry building, (4) sound elements in poetry, (5) alliteration and aconance, (6) cacophony and efoni, (7) anaphora and epiphora, and (8) the function of sound in poetry. Based on the analysis in the poetry collection, There is Tidak Ada New York Hari Ini, the work of M. Aan Mansyur, found 14 sounds of alliteration, 24 sounds of aconance, 17 sounds of cacophony, 23 sounds of ephony, 10 sounds of anaphora and 2 sounds of epiphora. There are 4 functions of the use of sound elements, namely: (1) expressive energy, (2) giving suggestions to the reader, (3) means of musicality, and (4) providing an atmosphere / special impression.Keyword: form, exploiting of sound, anthology poems, Tidak Ada New York Hari Ini, M. Aan Mansyur, sound.
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Miyairi, Toru, Takeshi Shirasaka, Hisato Shimomura, and Takeshi Toi. "Understanding the relationship between onomatopoeic expressions and sound quality for rotary switch operating sounds." INTER-NOISE and NOISE-CON Congress and Conference Proceedings 263, no. 5 (August 1, 2021): 1062–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.3397/in-2021-1745.
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In our daily lives, we often use onomatopoeia to convey images of products. However, the correspondence between onomatopoeia and physical quantities is not clear. To apply onomatopoeia to product design, we focused on the relationship between the sound symbolism of onomatopoeia and product sound quality. The target of the evaluation was the operation sound of the rotary switch. A subjective evaluation experiment was conducted in which participants were asked to free answer to the impressions associated with the operation sounds using onomatopoeic expressions. The obtained onomatopoeia was then analyzed by quantitative text analysis using mora as the unit of analysis. The results showed the voiced consonants appeared more frequently in the louder operation sounds. In addition, the vowel /o/ appeared more frequently in sounds with low sharpness, and the vowel /i/ appeared more frequently in sounds with high sharpness. Since these trends are similar to other studies on sound symbolism, this study shows the possibility of using onomatopoeia in product design by utilizing sound symbolism.
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Amrulloh, Muhammad Afif, and Haliyatul Hasanah. "Analisis Kesalahan Fonologis Membaca Teks Bahasa Arab Siswa Madrasah Tsanawiyah Lampung Selatan." Arabiyatuna : Jurnal Bahasa Arab 3, no. 2 (November 13, 2019): 209. http://dx.doi.org/10.29240/jba.v3i2.815.
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This study aims to find and reduce the location of errors in learning Arabic in the aspect of reciting Arabic letters (makhorijul letters) with the error analysis method. Focus more specifically on the phonetic aspect, namely on letters that sound like sounds. In addition, this study also aims to determine the forms of errors in reading Arabic texts in the phonological level (phonetic / makhroj aspects). This type of research is a qualitative study, conducted at MTs. Raudlatul Jannah Natar, South Lampung. Understanding the study of how to pronounce or sound Arabic letters is very important in learning Arabic to avoid pronunciation errors, so it does not hamper the learning process. The results of this study indicate that the forms of phonological errors that often occur when reading Arabic text activities are errors in sound in terms of articulation factors including among them: 1) apico-dental-alveolar sound. 2) Inter-dental sound. 3) Foronto-palatal sounds. 4) Dorso-uvular sound. 5) Dorso-velar sound. 6) Sound of avico-alveolars. 7) The sound of root-pharyngeals. The sound error in terms of aspects of articulation that is in: 1) fricative sound. 2) pop sound.
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Isodarus, Praptomo Baryadi. "Facilitating Sounds in Indonesian." Journal of Language and Literature 18, no. 2 (September 12, 2018): 102–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.24071/joll.v18i2.1566.
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This article presents the research result of facilitating sounds in Indonesian. Facilitating sound is a sound which facilitates the pronunciation of a sound sequence in a word. Based on the data analysis, the facilitating sounds in Indonesian are [?], [y], [w], [?], [m], [n], [?], [?] and [??]. Sound [?] facilitates the consonant cluster pronunciation in a word. Sound [y] facilitates the pronunciation of the sound sequences [ia] and [aia] among syllables and morphemes. Sound [w] facilitates the pronunciation of sound sequence [ua] among syllables and morphemes and the sound sequence of [oa] and [aua] among morphemes. Sound [?] facilitates the sound sequence [aa] among syllables and morphemes and the sound sequence [oa] among syllables. Sound [m] facilitates the pronunciation of nasal sound sequence [N] in prefixes me(N) or pe(N)- whose morpheme base begins with sounds [b, p, f, v]. Sound [n] facilitates the pronunciation of sound sequences [d] and [t] in the beginning of the morpheme base. Sound [?] facilitates the pronunciation of sound sequence [N] in prefixes me(N) or pe(N)- whose morpheme base begins with the vowels [a, i, u, e, ?, ?, o, ?], [g], [h] and [k]. Sound [?] facilitates the pronunciation of sound sequence [N] in prefixes me(N) or pe(N)- whose morpheme base begins with sounds of [j, c, s]. Sound [??] facilitates the pronunciation of words which are formed by prefixes me(N) or pe(N)- with one syllable morpheme base.Keywords: facilitating sound, phonology, Indonesian
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Novkovic, Dragan, Marko Peljevic, and Mateja Malinovic. "Synthesis and analysis of sounds developed from the Bose-Einstein condensate: Theory and experimental results." Muzikologija, no. 24 (2018): 95–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/muz1824095n.
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Two seemingly incompatible worlds of quantum physics and acoustics have their meeting point in experiments with the Bose-Einstein Condensate. From the very beginning, the Quantum Music project was based on the idea of converting the acoustic phenomena of quantum physics that appear in experiments into the sound domain accessible to the human ear. The first part of this paper describes the experimental conditions in which these acoustic phenomena occur. The second part of the paper describes the process of sound synthesis which was used to generate final sounds. Sound synthesis was based on the use of two types of basic data: theoretical formulas and the results of experiments with the Bose-Einstein condensate. The process of sound synthesis based on theoretical equations was conducted following the principles of additive synthesis, realized using the Java Script and Max MSP software. The synthesis of sounds based on the results of experiments was done using the MatLab software. The third part or the article deals with the acoustic analysis of the generated sounds, indicating some of the acoustic phenomena that have emerged. Also, we discuss the possible ways of using such sounds in the process of composing and performing contemporary music.
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ROKUGOU, Akira, Hiroki YAMAMOTO, Atsushi OKAJIMA, Shigeo KIMURA, and Takahiro KIWATA. "Numerical Analysis of Aerodynamic Sound Radiated from Rectangular Cylinders with Various Side Ratios(Sound and Nature)." Proceedings of the International Conference on Jets, Wakes and Separated Flows (ICJWSF) 2005 (2005): 739–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmeicjwsf.2005.739.
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Nirmalasari, Yohanna. "KESALAHAN BUNYI SIMAKAN PEMELAJAR BIPA TINGKAT PEMULA ASAL TIONGKOK." Tabasa: Jurnal Bahasa, Sastra Indonesia, dan Pengajarannya 1, no. 2 (March 8, 2021): 147–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.22515/tabasa.v1i2.2692.
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Listening skills are language skills that affect the development of language learning, especially for second language learners. In the learning process of listening skills, mistakes often occur. This can happen because of the influence of the first language on the second language learning process. This study aims to describe the sound errors by observing beginner BIPA learners from China who do not use the alphabet in their first language. This research is a text analysis research which analyzes the sound errors by listening to BIPA students' writing. Based on the analysis that has been done, it can be concluded that there are three categories of sound errors, namely changes in the sound at the beginning of the word, the middle of the word, and the end of the word. Each of these categories has changes, omissions, and even added sounds. (1) In the mistakes at the beginning of words, learners make many mistakes in bilabial, dental, and velar inhibitory sounds. (2) For errors in the middle of a word, learners made many mistakes in inhibiting, nasal, vibrating, and lateral sounds, as well as removing nasal sounds and adding vibrating consonants. (3) In the error at the end of the word, the learner removes the final consonants of the inhibiting and fricative sounds, as well as changing the nasal sound, the fricative sound becomes a vibration, and the glotal fricative sound becomes a dental plosive sound.
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Imamori, Kanta, Atsuya Yoshiga, and Junji Yoshida. "Sound quality evaluation for luxury refrigerator door closing sound." INTER-NOISE and NOISE-CON Congress and Conference Proceedings 263, no. 5 (August 1, 2021): 1845–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.3397/in-2021-1968.
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In this study, we carried out subjective evaluation tests employing 19 refrigerator door closing sounds to quantify the luxury feeling. By applying factor analysis to the subjective evaluation results, the sound quality of the refrigerator door closing sound was found to be expressed by the following two factors: overall loudness and the pitch of the sound. Subsequently, luxury feeling evaluation model was obtained through multiple regression analysis. As the result, the luxury feeling of the door closing sound was evaluated to be high when the sound was softer and had lower pitch. Then, we prepared several luxury door closing sounds according to the obtained evaluation model through a filter processing and conducted subjective evaluation tests again to verify the evaluation model. The result shows that the amplitude increased sound at low frequency band under 100 Hz, which was calculated to be high luxury by the evaluation model, was actually evaluated as the best among the presented sounds through the subjective test. And the luxury sound quality evaluation method was confirmed to be useful to quantify and estimate the sound quality of the refrigerator door closing sound.
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Furman, E. G., A. O. Charushin, E. S. Eirikh, G. B. Furman, V. L. Sokolovsky, S. V. Malinin, V. S. Sheludko, D. A. Polyanskaya, N. M. Kalinina, and D. K. Shtivelman. "Capabilities of computer analysis of breath sounds in patients with COVID-19." Perm Medical Journal 38, no. 3 (July 16, 2021): 97–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/pmj38397-109.
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Objective. To develop methods for a rapid distance computer diagnosis of COVID-19 based on the analysis of breath sounds. It is known that changes in breath sounds can be the indicators of respiratory organs diseases. Computer analysis of these sounds can indicate their typical changes caused by COVID-19, and can be used for a rapid preliminary diagnosis of this disease.
Materials and methods. The method of fast Fourier transform (FFT) was used for computer analysis of breath sounds, recorded near the mouth of 14 COVID-19 patients (aged 1880 years) and 17 healthy volunteers (aged 548 years). The frequency of breath sound records ranged from 44 to 96 kHz. Unlike the conventional methods of computer analysis for diagnosis of diseases based on respiratory sound studying, we offer to test a high-frequency part of FFT (20006000 kHz).
Results. While comparing the breath sound FFT in patients and healthy volunteers, we developed the methods for COVID-19 computer diagnosis and determined the numerical criteria in patients and healthy persons. These criteria do not depend on sex and age of the examined persons.
Conclusions. The offered computer methods based on the analysis of breath sound FFT in patients and volunteers permit to diagnose COVID -19 with relatively high diagnostic parameters. These methods can be used in development of noninvasive means for preliminary self-express diagnosis of COVID-19.
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Azalia, Aisha, Desi Ramadhanti, Hestiana Hestiana, and Heru Kuswanto. "Audacity Software Analysis In Analyzing The Frequency And Character Of The Sound Spectrum." Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA 8, no. 1 (January 11, 2022): 177–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v8i1.913.
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In the process of learning physics, experiments are needed that can help someone in gaining a deeper understanding of learning physics concepts and using technology in the learning process, especially learning sound waves. In this study, the aim is to be able to analyze the sound frequency with the help of Audacity software. Subjects used are 5 different cat sounds. The implementation of this research uses several tools such as a microphone, Audacity software on a laptop, and 5 cat sounds. This experiment was carried out by bringing the micro hope closer to the cat with 5 cm so that the sound was captured by the microphone which would later be transferred to the laptop and read by the audacity software. Furthermore, the data recorded in audacity were analyzed. From the results of the study, it can be said that a tool that can be used in practicum and can read and capture sound waves is effectively used in analyzing sound frequency, spectrum in the application of sound learning so that it can be used as one of the learning media in practicum on sound wave material at Junior high school.
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Rosyadi, Naila Nabila, and Nur Hastuti. "Contrastive Analysis of Onomatopoeic Use in Nursery Rhymes as Children’s Environmental Sounds Recognition in Japanese and Indonesian." E3S Web of Conferences 359 (2022): 03014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202235903014.
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Nursery rhymes play a role in children’s language development and help them recognize and express the environmental sounds or sounds around them. Onomatopoeia or imitation words are often found in nursery rhymes. Every country has a different language, so it has different phonetic sounds to express onomatopoeia. In this research, the author will contrast the onomatopoeic use in Japanese and Indonesian nursery rhymes. The theory and classification of onomatopoeia used in this research are combinations proposed by Akimoto (2002) and Kaneda (1978). This qualitative research used the listening and note-taking methods from Youtube videos. The analysis data used in this research are the referential matching method. The result from the research data shows that in Japanese nursery rhymes, onomatopoeia is the sound of nature, the sound from an object, the sound of a human, the sound of an animal, object condition, object movement, human movement, animal movement, and human emotion are found. Meanwhile, in Indonesian nursery rhymes found, almost all types of onomatopoeia in Japanese are found except for the class of the sound of a human, object movement, and human emotion are not found.
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Hayashi, Shota, Meiyo Tamaoka, Tomoya Tateishi, Yuki Murota, Ibuki Handa, and Yasunari Miyazaki. "A New Feature with the Potential to Detect the Severity of Obstructive Sleep Apnoea via Snoring Sound Analysis." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 8 (April 24, 2020): 2951. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17082951.
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The severity of obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is diagnosed with polysomnography (PSG), during which patients are monitored by over 20 physiological sensors overnight. These sensors often bother patients and may affect patients’ sleep and OSA. This study aimed to investigate a method for analyzing patient snore sounds to detect the severity of OSA. Using a microphone placed at the patient’s bedside, the snoring and breathing sounds of 22 participants were recorded while they simultaneously underwent PSG. We examined some features from the snoring and breathing sounds and examined the correlation between these features and the snore-specific apnoea-hypopnea index (ssAHI), defined as the number of apnoea and hypopnea events during the hour before a snore episode. Statistical analyses revealed that the ssAHI was positively correlated with the Mel frequency cepstral coefficients (MFCC) and volume information (VI). Based on clustering results, mild snore sound episodes and snore sound episodes from mild OSA patients were mainly classified into cluster 1. The results of clustering severe snore sound episodes and snore sound episodes from severe OSA patients were mainly classified into cluster 2. The features of snoring sounds that we identified have the potential to detect the severity of OSA.
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Jorella Lazaro, May, Sungho Kim, Adriance Wilfred Anggang, Minsik Choi, and Myung Hwan Yun. "Factors Affecting Interior Acceleration Sound Preference for Electric Vehicles: A Path Analysis." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 66, no. 1 (September 2022): 1902–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1071181322661179.
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Vehicle sound design is gaining attention in the automotive industry, especially for Electric Vehicles (EV). For EVs, acceleration sound is critical for both user experience (UX) and safety. Despite the abundance of UX-related studies investigating the external presentation of acceleration sound for EVs, internal presentation of acceleration sound seems to be overlooked. Thus, further understanding on what influences the user preferences for internal EV sound is essential for better EV sound design. This study aims to explore and develop a simple theoretical path model to help understand the relationship between pragmatic quality, hedonic quality, novelty, and user preferences for EV internal acceleration sounds. Thirty-two participants evaluated twenty-seven EV acceleration sound samples using a 12-item semantic differential scale with bipolar adjective pairs that describe the measured variables in a controlled experimental setting. The relationship between the modeled variables was analyzed using bias-corrected factor score path analysis (BCFSPA). Results showed that the modified model yielded good model fit indices and partially confirmed the initial hypotheses. It was found that pragmatic and hedonic quality had a positive relationship with user preference, whereas, novelty had a negative relationship with hedonic quality and user preference for EV sounds. This study contributes to the understanding of factors that affects user preference for EV sound and provides initial accounts to different approaches and methods for model testing.
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Abri, Faranak, Luis Felipe Gutiérrez, Prerit Datta, David R. W. Sears, Akbar Siami Namin, and Keith S. Jones. "A Comparative Analysis of Modeling and Predicting Perceived and Induced Emotions in Sonification." Electronics 10, no. 20 (October 15, 2021): 2519. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics10202519.
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Sonification is the utilization of sounds to convey information about data or events. There are two types of emotions associated with sounds: (1) “perceived” emotions, in which listeners recognize the emotions expressed by the sound, and (2) “induced” emotions, in which listeners feel emotions induced by the sound. Although listeners may widely agree on the perceived emotion for a given sound, they often do not agree about the induced emotion of a given sound, so it is difficult to model induced emotions. This paper describes the development of several machine and deep learning models that predict the perceived and induced emotions associated with certain sounds, and it analyzes and compares the accuracy of those predictions. The results revealed that models built for predicting perceived emotions are more accurate than ones built for predicting induced emotions. However, the gap in predictive power between such models can be narrowed substantially through the optimization of the machine and deep learning models. This research has several applications in automated configurations of hardware devices and their integration with software components in the context of the Internet of Things, for which security is of utmost importance.
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Suhartini, Endang, Murdianto Murdianto, and Nanik Setyowati. "OPTIMALISASI PELAYANAN BINA KOMUNIKASI MELALUI PROGRAM PERSEPSI BUNYI DAN IRAMA (BKPBI), UNTUK ANAK YANG BERKEBUTUHAN KUSUS TUNARUNGGU DI SDLB NEGERI JENANGAN PONOROGO." BASICA: Journal of Arts and Science in Primary Education 1, no. 1 (May 15, 2021): 58–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.37680/basica.v1i1.777.
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Children with special needs are children with different characteristics from normal children in general. Especially deaf children are children who have impaired hearing either totally or have residual hearing. Deaf communication requires services that can support their communication difficulties. In this case SDLB Negeri Jenang Ponorogo organized a communication development program with Communication Development through the Sound and Rhythm Perception Program (BKPBI). In this study the author is intended to discuss more about; Forms of service stages, learning implementation strategies and service results of sound and rhythm perception programs in SDLB Negeri Jenang Ponorogo. This research uses a qualitative approach methodology with the type of case study research. The data in this study are words and actions, while the source of the data are the Principal and teachers at SDLB Negeri Jenang. Data collection methods are interviews, observation, and documentation. Data analysis techniques using data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. After conducting the analysis, the writer can conclude that the form of communication service development stages through sound and rhythm perception programs in the Jenang Negeri Extraordinary Elementary School is sound detection, sound discrimination, sound identification, sound comprehension, learning implementation strategies using review, overview, presentation, exercise, and summary, also by using the classical and individual models, while the results of the service program of perception of sound and rhythm in the State Elementary School Extraordinary, namely deaf children are able to recognize sounds, easy to respond to sounds such as background noises, the nature of sounds, creating sounds up to recognize types of musical instruments, able to identify sounds and detect the direction of sound.
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Scott Brandes, T. "Automated sound recording and analysis techniques for bird surveys and conservation." Bird Conservation International 18, S1 (August 7, 2008): S163—S173. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0959270908000415.
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AbstractThere is a great need for increased use and further development of automated sound recording and analysis of avian sounds. Birds are critical to ecosystem functioning so techniques to make avian monitoring more efficient and accurate will greatly benefit science and conservation efforts. We provide an overview of the hardware approaches to automated sound recording as well as an overview of the prominent techniques used in software to automatically detect and classify avian sound. We provide a comparative summary of examples of three general categories of hardware solutions for automating sound recording which include a hardware interface for a scheduling timer to control a standalone commercial recorder, a programmable recording device, and a single board computer. We also describe examples of the two main approaches to improving microphone performance for automated recorders through small arrays of microphone elements and using waveguides. For the purposes of thinking about automated sound analysis, we suggest five basic sound fragment types of avian sound and discuss a variety of techniques to automatically detect and classify avian sounds to species level, as well as their limitations. A variety of the features to measure for the various call types are provided, along with a variety of classification methods for those features. They are discussed in context of general performance as well as the monitoring and conservation efforts they are used in.
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Kim, Hyun-Don, Kazunori Komatani, Tetsuya Ogata, and Hiroshi G. Okuno. "Binaural Active Audition for Humanoid Robots to Localise Speech over Entire Azimuth Range." Applied Bionics and Biomechanics 6, no. 3-4 (2009): 355–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2009/817874.
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We applied motion theory to robot audition to improve the inadequate performance. Motions are critical for overcoming the ambiguity and sparseness of information obtained by two microphones. To realise this, we first designed a sound source localisation system integrated with cross-power spectrum phase (CSP) analysis and an EM algorithm. The CSP of sound signals obtained with only two microphones was used to localise the sound source without having to measure impulse response data. The expectation-maximisation (EM) algorithm helped the system to cope with several moving sound sources and reduce localisation errors. We then proposed a way of constructing a database for moving sounds to evaluate binaural sound source localisation. We evaluated our sound localisation method using artificial moving sounds and confirmed that it could effectively localise moving sounds slower than 1.125 rad/s. Consequently, we solved the problem of distinguishing whether sounds were coming from the front or rear by rotating and/or tipping the robot's head that was equipped with only two microphones. Our system was applied to a humanoid robot called SIG2, and we confirmed its ability to localise sounds over the entire azimuth range as the success rates for sound localisation in the front and rear areas were 97.6% and 75.6% respectively.
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Miner, Nadine E., Timothy E. Goldsmith, and Thomas P. Caudell. "Perceptual Validation Experiments for Evaluating the Quality of Wavelet-Synthesized Sounds." Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments 11, no. 5 (October 2002): 508–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/105474602320935847.
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This paper describes three psychoacoustic experiments that evaluated the perceptual quality of sounds generated from a new wavelet-based synthesis technique. The synthesis technique provides a method for modeling and synthesizing perceptually compelling sound. The experiments define a methodology for evaluating the effectiveness of any synthesized sound. An identification task and a context-based rating task evaluated the perceptual quality of individual sounds. These experiments confirmed that the wavelet technique synthesizes a wide variety of compelling sounds from a small model set. The third experiment obtained sound similarity ratings. Psychological scaling methods were applied to the similarity ratings to generate both spatial and network models of the perceptual relations among the synthesized sounds. These analysis techniques helped to refine and extend the sound models. Overall, the studies provided a framework to validate synthesized sounds for a variety of applications including virtual reality and data sonification systems.
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Gonzalez, Yubiry, and Ronaldo C. Prati. "Similarity of Musical Timbres Using FFT-Acoustic Descriptor Analysis and Machine Learning." Eng 4, no. 1 (February 9, 2023): 555–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/eng4010033.
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Musical timbre is a phenomenon of auditory perception that allows the recognition of musical sounds. The recognition of musical timbre is a challenging task because the timbre of a musical instrument or sound source is a complex and multifaceted phenomenon that is influenced by a variety of factors, including the physical properties of the instrument or sound source, the way it is played or produced, and the recording and processing techniques used. In this paper, we explore an abstract space with 7 dimensions formed by the fundamental frequency and FFT-Acoustic Descriptors in 240 monophonic sounds from the Tinysol and Good-Sounds databases, corresponding to the fourth octave of the transverse flute and clarinet. This approach allows us to unequivocally define a collection of points and, therefore, a timbral space (Category Theory) that allows different sounds of any type of musical instrument with its respective dynamics to be represented as a single characteristic vector. The geometric distance would allow studying the timbral similarity between audios of different sounds and instruments or between different musical dynamics and datasets. Additionally, a Machine-Learning algorithm that evaluates timbral similarities through Euclidean distances in the abstract space of 7 dimensions was proposed. We conclude that the study of timbral similarity through geometric distances allowed us to distinguish between audio categories of different sounds and musical instruments, between the same type of sound and an instrument with different relative dynamics, and between different datasets.
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KRONLAND-MARTINET, R., Ph GUILLEMAIN, and S. YSTAD. "Modelling of natural sounds by time–frequency and wavelet representations." Organised Sound 2, no. 3 (November 1997): 179–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355771898009030.
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Sound modelling is an important part of the analysis–synthesis process since it combines sound processing and algorithmic synthesis within the same formalism. Its aim is to make sound simulators by synthesis methods based on signal models or physical models, the parameters of which are directly extracted from the analysis of natural sounds. In this article the successive steps for making such systems are described. These are numerical synthesis and sound generation methods, analysis of natural sounds, particularly time–frequency and time–scale (wavelet) representations, extraction of pertinent parameters, and the determination of the correspondence between these parameters and those corresponding to the synthesis models. Additive synthesis, nonlinear synthesis, and waveguide synthesis are discussed.
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Ito, Shin-ichi, Koyuki Orihashi, Momoyo Ito, and Minoru Fukumi. "A Gathered Images Analysis Method to Evaluate Sound Sleep." Journal of the Institute of Industrial Applications Engineers 7, no. 1 (January 25, 2019): 16–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.12792/jiiae.7.16.
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Bottero, Marie J., Jacques Yvon, and Jean Vadot. "Multimethod analysis of apatites in sound human tooth enamel." European Journal of Mineralogy 4, no. 6 (December 15, 1992): 1347–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/ejm/4/6/1347.
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Murzinov, Valery, Pavel Murzinov, and Irina Ivanovna. "COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF SOUND SUPRESSING LIGHTWEIGHT STRUCTURED PANELS AND MODERN NOISE PROTECTION MEANS." Akustika 32 (March 1, 2019): 30–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.36336/akustika20193230.
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This article provides an overview of modern soundproof materials and structures used for acoustic insulation. Presently, we can find plenty of such noise insulation and sound absorption materials. One of the popular means to reduce noise and control sound today is the acoustic panels able to suppress and absorb different sounds. The article also analyses the effectiveness of acoustic and sound protection materials used in the industrial sphere. The comparative analysis of the sound protection and absorption effectiveness is carried out using sound absorption coefficients. It also presents the construction of a sound suppressing lightweight structured panel designed by the authors. The authors noted that these panels have better characteristics in comparison with other modern sound protection materials.
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Vasilev, Martin R., Fabrice BR Parmentier, Bernhard Angele, and Julie A. Kirkby. "Distraction by deviant sounds during reading: An eye-movement study." Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology 72, no. 7 (January 13, 2019): 1863–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1747021818820816.
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Oddball studies have shown that sounds unexpectedly deviating from an otherwise repeated sequence capture attention away from the task at hand. While such distraction is typically regarded as potentially important in everyday life, previous work has so far not examined how deviant sounds affect performance on more complex daily tasks. In this study, we developed a new method to examine whether deviant sounds can disrupt reading performance by recording participants’ eye movements. Participants read single sentences in silence and while listening to task-irrelevant sounds. In the latter condition, a 50-ms sound was played contingent on the fixation of five target words in the sentence. On most occasions, the same tone was presented (standard sound), whereas on rare and unexpected occasions it was replaced by white noise (deviant sound). The deviant sound resulted in significantly longer fixation durations on the target words relative to the standard sound. A time-course analysis showed that the deviant sound began to affect fixation durations around 180 ms after fixation onset. Furthermore, deviance distraction was not modulated by the lexical frequency of target words. In summary, fixation durations on the target words were longer immediately after the presentation of the deviant sound, but there was no evidence that it interfered with the lexical processing of these words. The present results are in line with the recent proposition that deviant sounds yield a temporary motor suppression and suggest that deviant sounds likely inhibit the programming of the next saccade.
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Ristati, Bahing, Lesly Martha, and Maida Norahmi. "Implementation Of Contrastive Analysis To Overcome The Difficulties of Learning English Pronunciation Sub-Skill." Jurnal Pendidikan 21, no. 2 (January 21, 2021): 139–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.52850/jpn.v21i2.2017.
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This research was conducted to investigate and understand pronunciation problems, which is the sub-skill of speaking in the first semester students of the UPR FKIP English Education Study Program through contrastive analysis. The purpose of this study was to analyze pronunciation errors in English words and the causes of the errors made by students who were the research subjects. The design used in this study to present the data is descriptive qualitative. The results of data analysis were classified into consonant errors (consonants), vowels (vowels), and vowels (diphthongs) and the causes why these errors occured.
Based on the results of data analysis, the English segmental sounds that were difficult to pronounce by students of the English Education Study Program semester I in the academic year 2020/2021 were (1) long vowels or tense vowels (i:, u:, ?:, ?:, ?:]; (2) short vowels soundor lax vowels low vowel sound [æ], and neutral vowel (schwa) [?]; (3) the sound of diphthongs (double vowels), namely rising diphthongs [??] and falling diphthongs [??], [e?], and [??]; and (4) fricative consonant sounds [f, v, z, ?, ð, ?, ?].
The causes of difficulty in learning pronunciation of English segmental sounds are (1) differences in Indonesian and English sound systems and (2) lack of knowledge of the English sound system.
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Chen, Ke'an, Hao Li, Yunyun Deng, Jun Zhang, Jianben Liu, and Bing Zhou. "Standard sample evaluation method for noise annoyance suppression from audio injection." Xibei Gongye Daxue Xuebao/Journal of Northwestern Polytechnical University 39, no. 6 (December 2021): 1274–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jnwpu/20213961274.
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Noise control technology based on sound energy reduction uses sound pressure level as an evaluation index, and the addition control technology proposed in recent years uses annoyance as an evaluation index. However, no method has been proposed to link the change in sound pressure level with the change in annoyance. In this paper, three types of transformer substation noise are selected as the target sounds, natural sounds and synthetic sounds are selected as the controllable sound, and the pure tone annoyance and combined noise annoyance evaluation experiments are carried out using the standard sample method, and the curve of the decrease value of annoyance and the equivalent sound pressure level change value is obtained. And the effect of audio injection annoyance control is quantitatively analyzed, aiming to build a bridge between addition control and subtraction control. The research results show the effect of controllable sound on the annoyance of substation noise. This study provides new ideas for quantitative analysis of noise control effects and substation noise control.
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Ismail, Al Emran, K. A. Arif, Musli Nizam Yahya, Waluyo Adi Siswanto, and Ismail Nawi. "Analysis of Sound Produced by a Traditional Malay Musical Instrument “Kompang”." Applied Mechanics and Materials 773-774 (July 2015): 53–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.773-774.53.
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This paper presents frequency analyses of sounds produced by traditional Malay musical instrument “kompang”. Kompang is used to produce exotic sound especially certain grand ceremony. In order to produce sound, different types of skins are used especially made from polymer (used x-ray film) and animal skins. However, the sound produced by a polymeric skin is not similar with the sound produced using an animal skin. Therefore, this present work investigated the effect of such skins on the sound produced and as a result affecting the sound quality. Appropriated software is used to conduct the frequency analyses in order to investigate whether the polymeric skin can be a replaceable skin in replacing an animal skin. It is found two different skin materials have their own sound characteristics and it is also indicated that lower peak sound frequency produced by animal skin compared with the polymeric skin.
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Fesenko, V. A., and O. S. Poreva. "Analysis of breath sounds using higher-order spectra." Electronics and Communications 16, no. 2 (March 28, 2011): 119–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.20535/2312-1807.2011.16.2.268267.
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The basic properties of the Higher-Order Spectra and the possibility of application it to he analysis of respiratory sound is considered. Breathing sounds were analyzed by calculating the cumulants of third order. It is shown that the investigated sounds from the analysis on the basis of the spectra of higher orders may be attributed to a class of respiratory sounds. It is shown that this approach is more effective than traditional ways of solving this problem