Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Sonic Arts and Engineering'
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1
Florkowski, Ronald W. "Evaluation of Unknown Foundations." Scholar Commons, 2007. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/3812.
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In recent years, bridge foundations have been in the spotlight throughout the nation. Bridges built over running water are susceptible to erosion or scour around their foundations. The reduction in load capacity to piers and abutments pose a safety risk to highway motorists. It has become necessary for engineers to examine and monitor these "scour critical" bridges. The difficulty arises with subsurface foundations of which very little is known about their construction. Hence, the methods applied to analyzing "Unknown Foundations" have become a necessary topic of research.
This thesis explores a method to determine foundation lengths. Similar to Sonic Echo / Impulse Response, this procedure measures reflected shock waves sent through concrete pilings. The technique is non-destructive in nature and is performed near the surface of the foundation. The test is performed on the side of the exposed piling. Current methods are limited by the fact that the tops of most pilings are inaccessible due to pilecaps or beams. Often times, pilings are embedded in stiff soils, which have a dampening effect on the stress waves. This thesis employs a method of analysis that will overcome such limitations and provide engineers with another tool to determine subsurface foundation lengths.
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Parkes, Bethan Rachel. "Sonic arts portfolio and commentary." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2015. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/7798/.
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This research investigates the process of “opening out” spaces with sound as an approach to sonic arts practice, investigating the spaces that sounds articulate, reveal and imply in our encounter with them. It positions spatial aesthetics as a key consideration at each stage of the creative process and connects approaches to spatiality in sonic arts practices with contextual considerations drawn from, for example, phenomenological accounts of spatial and sonic experience, human geography, architecture and acoustic ecology. The portfolio consists of seven sonic artworks and two collaborative projects that each engage with these ideas from a different perspective, exploring a number of applications, contexts and outcomes in the investigation. This accompanying commentary discusses these works, providing an introduction to the portfolio followed by a discussion, in the subsequent chapters, of the practices explored and developed in the research process.
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Tice, Brian (Brian Joseph). "Sonic Artifacts." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/112554.
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Thesis: S.M., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, School of Architecture and Planning, Program in Media Arts and Sciences, 2017.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 72-74).
A Sonic Artifact is a physical object that represents and contains a musical album and allows for real time interaction with the listener. We restore the association of music with the physical artifact of its delivery, a design of the music merchandise of the future, now with the ability to interact with the music in real time. Rather than the audio experience being delivered as a file via a centralized music streaming platform or other method, the music will reside in an active environment associated with the artist. The musical experience has the potential to be unique upon each listen and the total composition and is dependent on the actions of the listener. If the listener chooses, they get to be a part of the composition.
by Brian Tice.
S.M.
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Boland, Carl. "A sonic arts approach to sound design practice." Thesis, University of South Wales, 2012. https://pure.southwales.ac.uk/en/studentthesis/a-sonic-arts-approach-to-sound-design-practice(27b39541-a56e-4b59-9b75-290d625c0064).html.
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This practice-as-research study documents the development of a sonic arts approach to film sound design. An interdisciplinary conceptual framework that combines selected theories of electroacoustic music and apposite perspectives from film soundtrack studies informs the approach. Over the course of the research, a broadening practical knowledge of theoretical applications influenced the development of the sound design approach and its conceptual framework. The term 'sonic arts' characterises the compositional tenets of the sound design approach, which takes the form of an inter-modal strategy based on the interdependence of two compositional modes. The intersonic compositional mode corresponds to sound-object design and to the forming of meaningful structural relationships between soundtrack elements. The audiovisual compositional mode corresponds to forming meaningful relationships between soundtrack elements and film images. The overall approach also reflects Walter Murch's concept of sound design as a multifaceted practice endeavour, which includes taking creative responsibility for the soundtrack in post-production (Murch 1995). The presentation of research in this thesis comprises two distinct parts. The first part outlines the sonic arts approach, defines the theoretical basis of its conceptual framework, and identifies potential practice applications. The second part presents three case studies of sound design practice for independent film projects. The case studies document applications of the conceptual framework and critically reflect on acquired practical knowledge of the sonic arts approach. The study concludes that the electroacoustic music theories of spectromorphology and indicative fields (Smalley 1986; 1992; 1997) have useful applications in sound design practice as a perception-based system of analysis. The research also illustrates that sonic landscape theory (Wishart 1986; 1996) constitutes a creatively enabling conceptual framework for sound design when it is applied to the inter-modal compositional strategy.
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Brumpton, Anthony. "Aural scenography: Towards an environmentally aware sonic arts praxis." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2019. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/127867/1/Anthony_Brumpton_Thesis.pdf.
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The study identifies a distinct lack of environmental consideration within the fields of Theatrical Sound Design practice, necessitating re-direction of those practices towards enhanced 'environmental awareness'. Through applying principles abstracted from Permaculture, an ecologically and ethically aware form of agricultural design, a series of principles for a new praxis of Aural Scenography is developed, that has application for theatrical sound design practitioners similarly wishing to re-direct their own practices.
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Lough, Alex Joseph. "Sonic Activation: a Multimedia Performance-Installation." FIU Digital Commons, 2016. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/2632.
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Sonic Activation is a multimedia performance-installation featuring sound sculptures, video projections, and performance with live electronics for solo and mixed ensembles. The work aims to unpack the nature in which we hear and interact with sound, space, and gesture. It is a project that recontextualizes the typical practice of performance and installation modes of music and art. The event uses 12 loudspeakers spaced around a gallery to create a densely layered sonic atmosphere that gently fluctuates and slowly evolves. Throughout the event, the audience is encouraged to freely navigate the gallery and experience the subtle changes in sound as they manifest in the space.
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Komeyli-Birjandi, Farhad. "Sonic investigation of masonry structures." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/11005.
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Bergmeier, Gene Georg 1972. "Sonic booms from unsteady sources." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/291664.
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The acoustical signatures as observed by an auditor on the ground are explored for various radiating bodies. Specifically, a theory that describes the origin of sonic booms of two unsteady point sources and of an airplane is developed. In 1968, Garrick and Maglieri conducted an experiment where a General Dynamics F-106 was subjected to sinusoidal pitch oscillations. At the time, the results of the observed sonic boom were not understood; they had expected a distorted sonic boom. The theory presented in the present study offers an explanation of the results. An essential point needed in order to understand their observations is the source distribution for an acoustically radiating body. This source distribution occupies a region of space many times the length of the airplane. Therefore, any attempts to distort a sonic boom must deal with the grand scale of the source distribution.
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Patrício, Eduardo Luis Brito. "Spatial referentiality and openness : a portfolio of environmental sound compositions." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2016. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.709694.
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Through a creative portfolio and an analytical and critical commentary, this research investigates the use of spatial references in the composition of semi-open environmental sound works. The portfolio explores a number of strategies to make use of spatial references as formal compositional components to enable more intuitive performance/reading experiences. The pieces present a number of electronically mediated scenarios in varied formats; concert, installation and mobile application. Counting on the intuitive way one tries to constantly identify surrounding spaces, each piece uses physical (performance/presentation spaces) and representational devices (illustrations, maps, video projections, spatialised sound etc.) to articulate and delimitate semi-open artistic experiences. Such ambiguous scenarios are enabled by both the unpredictability of elements of each work and the dependence on the subjective interpretations of the agents involved in the process. The creative processes presented here in a descriptive, analytical and critical manner attempt to make an artistic contribution and provide documental material for future reflection about related practices.
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Stedman, Kyle D. "Musical Rhetoric and Sonic Composing Processes." Scholar Commons, 2012. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/4229.
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This project is a study of musical rhetoric and music composition processes. It asks the questions, "How does the nature of music as sound-in-time affect its rhetorical functions, production, and delivery?" and "How do composers approach the task of communicating with audiences through instrumental music?" I answer these questions by turning to the history of musical rhetoric as practiced in the field of musicology and by interviewing composers themselves about their composition practices--approaches that are both underused in the rhetoric and composition community.
I frame my research participants' responses with a discussion of the different degrees to which composers try to control the eventual meaning made from their compositions and the different ways that they try to identify with their audiences. While some composers express a desire to control audiences' emotions and experiences through the use of forms and careful predictions about an audience's reactions to certain genres and influences, other composers express a comfort with audiences composing their own meanings from musical sounds, perhaps eschewing or transforming traditional forms and traditional performance practices. Throughout, I argue for the importance of considering all of these perspectives in the context of actually hearing music, as opposed to taming and solidifying it into a score on a page.
These composers' insights suggest the importance of understanding musical rhetoric as an act based in sound and time that guides meaning but can never control it. They also suggest new ways of teaching English composition courses that are inspired by the experiences and practices of music composition students. Specifically, I argue that English composition courses should better rely on the self-sponsored literacies that students bring to classrooms, stretch the ways these courses approach traditional rules of composing, and approach digital tools, collaboration, and delivery in ways that mirror the experiences of music students.
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Walker, Ezekiel Lee. "Electromagnetically Modulated Sonic Structures." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2014. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc799496/.
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Phononic crystals are structures composed of periodically arranged scatterers in a background medium that affect the transmission of elastic waves. They have garnered much interest in recent years for their macro-scale properties that can be modulated by the micro-scale components. The elastic properties of the composite materials, the contrast in the elastic properties of the composite materials, and the material arrangement all directly affect how an elastic wave will behave as it propagates through the sonic structure. The behavior of an elastic wave in a periodic structure is revealed in its transmission bandstructure, and modification of any the elastic parameters will result in tuning of the band structure. In this dissertation, a phononic crystal with properties that can be modulated using electromagnetic radiation, and more specifically, radio-frequency (RF) light will be presented.
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Hartman, Nathaniel. "Examining Sonic Relationships in a Visual Context." The Ohio State University, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1339115456.
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Niemand, Mathias. "Using sonic interaction in drivervehicleinterfaces to reducevisual distraction." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för naturvetenskap och teknik, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-36282.
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This thesis has been executed at AB Volvo Advanced Technology and Research-Driver Environment & Human Factors as a part of the FFI (Strategic Vehicle Research) project SICS (Safe Interaction Connectivity and State). It describes a study which examined if adding sound will reduce the visual distraction in menu interfaces. Two concepts have been studied in comparison to each other and to a baseline without sounds. The sound added to the interface was spearcons (time compressed speech sounds) and earcons (musical sounds). A simulator study was carried out containing 14 participants between the ages of 36-59 who had to, while driving, perform 6 different tasks that involved interacting with the interface menus. Results showed that the performed tasks caused much less visual distraction from the road while having the spearcons as assistance. The earcons results showed no improvement.Detta examensarbete gjordes på AB Volvo Advanced Technology and Research på avdelningen Driver Environment & Human Factors som en del av FFI (Fordonstrategisk Forskning och Innovation) projektet SICS (Safe Interaction Connectivity and State). Examensarbetet beskriver en studie som undersökte ifall addering av ljud till ett menygränssnitt bestående av visuella displayer hjälper förare att minska distraktionen från vägen. Två olika ljudkoncept har tagits fram och jämförs med varandra och med baskonceptet utan ljud. De två ljudkoncepten var spearcons (tidskomprimerat tal) och earcons (musikaliska ljud bestående av toner). En simulatorstudie med 14 personer mellan 36 och 59 år genomfördes. Studien gick till så att 6 olika uppgifter som involverade interaktion med gränsnitten skulle genomföras medan man körde en lastbilssimulator. Resultaten visade att när man assisterades av spearcons reducerades distraktionen medan earcons inte gav någon förbättring.
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Scott, Emily. "Avant-garde across a Century: Erik Satie and Sonic Youth." Honors in the Major Thesis, University of Central Florida, 2006. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETH/id/996.
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This item is only available in print in the UCF Libraries. If this is your Honors Thesis, you can help us make it available online for use by researchers around the world by following the instructions on the distribution consent form at http://library.ucf.edu/Systems/DigitalInitiatives/DigitalCollections/InternetDistributionConsentAgreementForm.pdf You may also contact the project coordinator, Kerri Bottorff, at kerri.bottorff@ucf.edu for more information.Bachelors
Arts and Humanities
Music
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Baker, John. "Natural Audiotopias: The Construction Of Sonic Space In Dub Reggae." Scholar Commons, 2009. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/1842.
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Dub reggae is widely regarded as an early form of the remix. Dub artists modify previously recorded reggae songs by manipulating a song's individual tracks with a mixing board and layering them in aural effects such as reverb and echo. These effects are fundamentally spatial in quality, giving the listener an impression of vast open space. This paper is an analysis of the techniques utilized in dub's construction of sonic space as well as an investigation of the cultural meaning of those spaces. My analysis utilizes Josh Kun's theories about "audiotopias" (temporary aural spaces created through music) in order to study how sonic spaces create "new maps" that allow an individual to analyze their current social predicament. These "new maps," therefore, engender a "remapping" of reality, a reconstitutive process that parallels dub's emphasis on modification and alteration. This paper also argues that dub's audiotopias are implicitly natural, although they are constructed through modern recording technologies such as the echo chamber and the reverb unit. A final chapter applies these analytical techniques to one of dub's most popular musical offspring, hip hop.
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Papadomanolaki, Maria Eftychia. "Sonic perceptual ecologies : strategies for sound-based exploration, perception and composition in spaces of transient encounters." Thesis, University of the Arts London, 2015. http://ualresearchonline.arts.ac.uk/12056/.
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This thesis contributes a novel, cross-disciplinary framework to the field of sound studies. It examines how our inherent capacities as listeners are manifested in transitional urban environments, and the primary role of voice as a vehicle for perception in field recording and soundwalking practices. Using the conceptual triad of ‘node, counter-atmosphere and meshwork’ as its analytical device, this research considers the polyphonic physical, personal and social ecologies at play in our encounters within transitional spaces. By doing so, it highlights the importance of sound for countering their functionality and opening them up to a more engaged perception. In its theoretical scope, this conceptual triad draws on and re-contextualises existing terminologies from a variety of disciplines: urban planning and Kevin Lynch’s notion of the node; philosophy and Gernot Boehme’s theory on the atmosphere as well as Gaston Bachelard’s concept of seeping through; anthropology and Tim Ingold’s idea of the meshwork. Coined as a sonic perceptual ecology, this triad is a new analytical tool that is the immediate result of the practice developed as part of this research. Involving three consecutive stages, the work spans across intensive fieldwork, workshops, hybrid telematic soundwalks, radioart pieces, public events and performances engaging with different sites in London and elsewhere. This thesis presents a constellation of original outputs, essential to creating and understanding the novel conceptual framework of the sonic perceptual ecology. This is achieved by testing new methodologies, by analysing, in new terms and through the Sensing Cities interviews series, existing creative work and by developing a portfolio of practice that has been presented as part of commissions, conferences and curated events. Key to these activities is the proposition that we perceive not as authoritative presences but as organisms whose voice is, as Mikhail Bakhtin would suggest, a chain of human and non-human utterances.
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Madamadakala, Ganapathi Reddy. "Heat transfer and flow characteristics of sonic nozzle." Thesis, Kansas State University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/15911.
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Master of ScienceDepartment of Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering
Steven Eckels
The current research presents the experimental investigation of heat transfer and flow characteristics of sonic multiphase flow in a converging-diverging nozzle. R134a and R123 are used in this study. Four different nozzle assemblies with two different throat sizes (2.43mm and 1.5 mm with 1° growth angle with the centerline of the nozzle in the diverging section) and two different heater lengths (200 mm and 125 mm) were tested. Each test section was an assembly of aluminum nozzle sections. The experimental facility design allowed controlling three variables: throat velocity, inlet temperature, back pressure saturation temperature. The analysis used to find the average heat transfer of the fluid to each nozzle section. This was achieved by measuring the nozzle wall temperature and fluid pressure in a steady state condition. Two methods for finding the average heat flux in sonic nozzle were included in the data analysis: infinite contact resistance and zero contact resistance between nozzle sections. The input variables ranges were 25 °C and 30 °C for inlet temperature and back pressure saturation temperatures, 1100-60,000 kg/m[superscript]2s for mass flux, and 1.4-700 kW/m[superscript]2 heat flux. The effect of the mass flux and heat flux on the average two-phase heat transfer coefficients was investigated. The flow quality, Mach number(M), and Nusselt number ratio ([phi]) were also calculated for each section of the nozzle. As the fluid flowed through the nozzle, the pressure of the liquid dropped below the inlet saturation pressure of the liquid due to sonic expansion in the nozzle. This temperature drop was significantly lower in the case of R134a than R123. The results showed that the two-phase heat transfer coefficients were above of 30000 W/m^2 K in the first 75 mm of the nozzle, and they decreased along the nozzle. The Mach number profile appeared similar to the temperature profile, and the fluid was in the sonic region as long as temperature of the fluid dropped in the nozzle. Nusselt number ratios were compared with the Mach numbers and showed that the Nusselt number ratio were increased in the sonic region. The results showed that the length of the sonic region was larger for R123 than for R134a, and the Mach numbers were higher for R123. The Nusselt ratios of R123 were low compared to the R134a cases, and the trend in the Nusselt ratios was notably different as well.
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Cofino, Jonathan M., and Armando Barreto. "Using Sonic Enhancement to Augment Non-Visual Tabular Navigation." FIU Digital Commons, 2014. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/1570.
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More information is now readily available to computer users than at any time in human history; however, much of this information is often inaccessible to people with blindness or low-vision, for whom information must be presented non-visually. Currently, screen readers are able to verbalize on-screen text using text-to-speech (TTS) synthesis; however, much of this vocalization is inadequate for browsing the Internet. An auditory interface that incorporates auditory-spatial orientation was created and tested. For information that can be structured as a two-dimensional table, links can be semantically grouped as cells in a row within an auditory table, which provides a consistent structure for auditory navigation. An auditory display prototype was tested.
Sixteen legally blind subjects participated in this research study. Results demonstrated that stereo panning was an effective technique for audio-spatially orienting non-visual navigation in a five-row, six-column HTML table as compared to a centered, stationary synthesized voice. These results were based on measuring the time- to-target (TTT), or the amount of time elapsed from the first prompting to the selection of each tabular link. Preliminary analysis of the TTT values recorded during the experiment showed that the populations did not conform to the ANOVA requirements of normality and equality of variances. Therefore, the data were transformed
using the natural logarithm. The repeated-measures two-factor ANOVA results show that the logarithmically-transformed TTTs were significantly affected by the tonal variation method, F(1,15) = 6.194, p= 0.025. Similarly, the results show that the logarithmically transformed TTTs were marginally affected by the stereo spatialization method, F(1,15) = 4.240, p=0.057. The results show that the logarithmically transformed TTTs were not significantly affected by the interaction of both methods, F(1,15) = 1.381, p=0.258. These results suggest that some confusion may be caused in the subject when employing both of these methods simultaneously. The significant effect of tonal variation indicates that the effect is actually increasing the average TTT. In other words, the presence of preceding tones increases task completion time on average. The marginally-significant effect of stereo spatialization decreases the average log(TTT) from 2.405 to 2.264.
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Nadeem, Faraaz. "Multi-modal reinforcement learning with videogame audio to learn sonic features." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2020. https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/129110.
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Thesis: M. Eng., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, September, 2020Cataloged from student-submitted PDF of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 123-129).
Most videogame reinforcement learning (RL) research only deals with the video component of games, even though humans typically play games while experiencing both audio and video. Additionally, most machine learning audio research deals with music or speech data, rather than environmental sound. We aim to bridge both of these gaps by learning from in-game audio in addition to video, and providing an accessible introduction to videogame audio related topics, in the hopes of further motivating such multi-modal videogame research. We present three main contributions. First, we provide an overview of sound design in video games, supplemented with introductions to diegesis theory and Western classical music theory. Second, we provide methods for extracting, processing, visualizing, and hearing gameplay audio alongside video, building off of Open AI's Gym Retro framework. Third, we train RL agents to play on different levels of Sonic The Hedgehog for the SEGA Genesis, to understand 1) what kinds of audio features are useful when playing videogames, 2) how learned audio features transfer to unseen levels, and 3) if/how audio+video agents outperform video-only agents. We show that in general, agents provided with both audio and video outperform agents with access to only video. Specifically, an agent with the current frame of video and past 1 second of audio outperforms an agent with access to the current and previous frames of video, no audio, and 55% larger model size, by 6.6% on a joint training task, and 20.4% on a zero-shot transfer task. We conclude that game audio informs useful decision making, and that audio features are more easily transferable to unseen test levels than video features.
by Faraaz Nadeem.
M. Eng.
M.Eng. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science
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Knudsen, Tore. "DESIGNING FOR THE IMAGINATION OF SONIC NATURAL INTERFACES." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-22756.
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In this thesis I present explorative work that shows how sounds beyond speak can be used on the input side in the design of interactive experiences and natural interfaces. By engagingin explorative approaches with a material view on sound and interactive machine learning, I’ve shown how these two counterparts may be combined with a goal to envision new possibilities and perspectives on sonic natural interfaces beyond speech. This exploration has been guided with a theoretical background ofdesign materials, machine learning, sonic interaction design and with a research through design driven process, I’ve used iterative prototyping and workshops with participants to conduct knowledge and guide the explorative process. My design work has resultedin new prototyping tools for designers to work with sound and interactive machine learning as well as a prototypes concept for kids that aims to manifest the material ndings around sound and interactive machine learning that I’ve done in this project.By evaluating my design work in contextual settings with participants, I’ve conducted both analytical and productive investigations than can construct new perspectives on how sound based interfaces beyond speech can be designed to support new interactive experiences with artefacts. Here my focus has been to engage with sound as a design material from both contextual and individual perspectives, and how this can be explored by end-users empowered by interactive machine learning to foster new forms of creative engagement with our physical world.
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Barber, Matthew James. "Experimental investigation of normal, sonic injection through a wedge-shaped nozzle into supersonic flow." Thesis, This resource online, 1991. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-08222009-040226/.
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Asher, William. "Fluid dynamics of cavitating sonic two-phase flow in a converging-diverging nozzle." Thesis, Kansas State University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/17621.
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Master of ScienceDepartment of Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering
Steven Eckels
Both cavitating and flashing flows are important phenomena in fluid flow. Cavitating flow, a common consideration in valves, orifices, and metering devices, is also a concern in loss of coolant accidents for liquid water in power plants when saturation pressures are below atmospheric pressure. Flashing flow is a common consideration for devices such as relief and expansion valves and fluid injectors as well as for loss of coolant accidents in which the coolant’s saturation pressure is above atmospheric. Of the two phenomena, flashing flow has received greater interest due to its applicability to safety concerns, though cavitating flow is perhaps of greater interest in terms of energy efficiency. It is possible for cavitating and flashing flow to actually become sonic. That is, the local velocity of a fluid can exceed the local speed of sound due to the unique properties of two-phase mixtures. When a flow becomes sonic, it is possible for the flow to accelerate and impose additional energy losses that would not otherwise occur. Models of this aspect of two-phase flow are not well developed, typically only being presented for the case of constant area ducts. In this paper two models for cavitating sonic flow are developed and described by applying the integral forms of the mass, momentum, and energy equations to a control volume of variable cross-sectional area. These models, based on the homogeneous equilibrium model (HEM) and separated flow model, are then applied to experimental data taken by the author with R-134a as the fluid of interest. Experimental data were taken with four instrumented converging-diverging nozzles of various geometries using a custom testing rig that allowed for precise control and measurement of flow parameters such as mass flow, temperature, and pressure. The resultant data from the models are then examined, focusing on the resultant velocities, Mach numbers, quality, and shear stresses.
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Moore, Austin. "An investigation into non-linear sonic signatures with a focus on dynamic range compression and the 1176 FET Compressor." Thesis, University of Huddersfield, 2017. http://eprints.hud.ac.uk/id/eprint/34118/.
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Dynamic range compression (DRC) is a common process in music production. Traditionally used to control the dynamic range of signals and reduce the risk of overloading recording devices, over time it has developed into a creative colouration effect rather than a preventative measure. This thesis investigates sonic signatures, distortion, non-linearity and how audio material is coloured during the music production process. It explores how methodologies used to measure distortion and timbre can be used to define the sonic signature of hardware compressors and other pieces of music production equipment. A grounded theory and content analysis study was carried out to explore how producers use DRC in their work, how they describe its sound quality, which compressors they frequently use and which audio sources they process with particular types of compressor. The results from this qualitative study reveal that producers use compressors to manipulate the timbre of program material and select specific compressors with particular settings for colouration effects. Tests were carried out on a number of popular vintage hardware compressors to assess their sonic signature. Firstly, a comparative study was conducted on the Teletronix LA2A, Fairchild 670, Urei 1176 and dbx165A. Secondly a comprehensive in-depth analysis was undertaken of the 1176 to fully catalogue its sonic signature over a range of settings and to compare results from a vintage Urei Blackface 1176 and a modern Universal Audio reissue. Objective analysis was conducted on the compressors using Total Harmonic Distortion (THD), Intermodulation Distortion (IMD) and tone burst measurements. Complex program material was analysed using spectrum analysis, critical listening and audio feature extraction. It was found the compressors all have subtle nuances to their sonic signature as a result of elements in their design colouring the audio with non-linear artefacts. The 1176 was shown to impart significant amounts of distortion when used in its all-buttons mode and with fast attack and release configurations. This style of processing was favoured by producers in the qualitative study.
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Harnetty, Brian P. "Performing Sonic Archives: Listening to Berea, Sun Ra, and the Little Cities of Black Diamonds." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1417170787.
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Saidel, Deborah J. "Women in Music: Letting a Long Story Be Long Contemplating Women’s Sonic, Musical, and Spiritual Experiences in Prehistory." VCU Scholars Compass, 2018. https://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/5635.
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Situated within deep history, this study explores the auditory and spiritual lives of Paleolithic women. It considers their personal agency in mediating the spiritual power of sound and how doing so contributes to a multifaceted musicality. The theoretical framework involves a wide spectrum of topics, from ways of rethinking the writing of history and reckoning with time, to sound studies and the study of acoustics in ancient sites, to a critical examination through a feminist lens of normative disciplinary scholarship in anthropology and archaeology, religious studies, and musicology. I explore potential audio-visual-lithic relationships for their implications for deepening an understanding of the spiritual aspects of Paleolithic life. Drawing from this interdisciplinary literature, integrative discussions are constructed which when considered collectively, not only provide different types of role models and different criteria pertaining to women's experiences of music-making, but also facilitate the emergence of a more nuanced understanding of Paleolithic spiritual practices. In this women-centric narrative innumerable generations of women's participation as spiritual healers within the shamanic musical paradigm are acknowledged and valued, broadening the parameters of women's cultural heritage and spiritual experience. This expansion can help women today turn away from a compensatory music history perspective that is oriented toward figuring out how to fit into a prescribed androcentric narrative of Western art music and turn towards a more holistic narrative in which women can better consider their lineage(s) on their own terms. It fosters re-conceptualizations of women's musical and spiritual identities by reorienting the timeline, contexts, and definition of women's experiences of music-making as sound-producers and sound-interpreters. This project is intended to provide one possible starting point for new conversations about women in music regardless of one's positionality. From a more inclusive gynocentric vantage point, the toxic self-perpetuating loop which has affected how musicology has thus far been shaped, namely through the undervaluing of women’s musical experiences and the ways that they think and feel about music, is being contested. Ultimately, it is a matter of ownership.
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SPOTTSWOOD, STEPHEN MICHAEL. "IDENTIFICATION OF NONLINEAR PARAMETERS FROM EXPERIMENTAL DATA FOR REDUCED ORDER MODELS." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1163016945.
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Forcucci, Luca. "Mapping dynamic relations in sound and space perception." Thesis, De Montfort University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2086/11450.
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The research investigates the dynamic relations between sound, space and the audience perception as related to an artist’s intention. What is the relation between sound and space in the sonic arts, and to what kind of merger does it lead? What relationship exists between the intention of the composer and the perception of the audience regarding architectural and environmental spaces? Is there a common thread of perception of architectural and environmental spaces among participants? Is embodiment a key for the perception of the dynamic relations of sound and space? The framework for the investigation is based on a map of three defined spaces (Real, Virtual, and Hyperbiological) included in a portfolio of six works (three electroacoustic compositions, two sound installations, and one performance), which lead to the analysis of the perception of space, namely, the perception of architectural and environmental spaces as required by the portfolio. The original knowledge resides in the exploration of a potential common representation (space and sound perception being, of course, a personal representation) of internal perceptual spaces and mental imageries generated by the works. The act of listening plays a major role in the development of the portfolio presented and includes Pauline Oliveros’ concept of deep listening (Oliveros 2005). Sound and space are intimately related in the portfolio. One particular element emerging from this relationship is the plastic quality of sound, meaning that sound is considered and observed as a material that is shaped by space. From this perspective the research investigates the ‘sculptural’ and morphological quality of the relationship between sound and space. The results include the specific language and signature of the artworks that delineate the intersection of music and fine arts. The portfolio pays a large tribute to several iconic artists present in the outposts of sound blurred by space. Composers and artists are therefore presented in the theoretical section in order to highlight how their pioneering works have influenced and informed the present research portfolio. The analysis of the perception of the artworks relates to a methodology based on an empirical survey inspired by phenomenology.
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Price, Brandi. "Aural Landscapes." VCU Scholars Compass, 2011. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/2451.
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Music and design draw upon innate parallels concerned with the creation and existence of space. By acknowledging the roles of both the visual and the aural in my design process as input and output, I attempt to achieve a deeper understanding of my intuition as a visual communicator. I believe that the visual and aural are linked—existing harmoniously together. The collected works present ever-evolving ideas on visualizing the experience of sound.
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Heys, Toby. "Sonic, infrasonic, and ultrasonic frequencies : the utilisation of waveforms as weapons, apparatus for psychological manipulation, and as instruments of physiological influence by industrial, entertainment, and military organisations." Thesis, Liverpool John Moores University, 2011. http://researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk/6092/.
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This study is a trans-disciplinary and trans-historical investigation into civilian and battlefield contexts in which speaker systems have been utilised by the military-industrial and military-entertainment complexes to apply pressure to mass social groupings and the individuated body. Drawing on authors such as historian/sociologist Michel Foucault, economist Jacques Attali, philosopher Michel Serres, political geographer/urban planner Edward Soja, musician/sonic theorist Steve Goodman, and cultural theorist/urbanist Paul Virilio, this study engages a wide range of texts to orchestrate its arguments. Conducting new strains of viral theory that resonate with architectural, neurological, and political significance, this research provides new and original analysis about the composition of waveformed geography. Ultimately, this study listens to the ways in which the past and current utilisation of sonic, infrasonic, and ultrasonic frequencies as weapons, apparatus for psychological manipulation, and instruments of physiological influence, by industrial, civilian, entertainment, and military organisations, predict future techniques of sociospatialised organisation. In chapter one it is argued that since the inception of wired radio speaker systems into U.S. industrial factories in 1922, the development of sonic strategies based primarily on the scoring of architectonic spatiality, cycles of repetition, and the enveloping dynamics of surround sound can be traced to the sonic torture occurring in Guantanamo Bay during the first decade of the twenty-first century. Exploring the use of surround sound speaker techniques by the FBI during the Waco Siege in Texas, this argument is developed in chapter two. In chapter three it is further contended that the acoustic techniques utilised in the Guantanamo torture cells represent the final modality and the logical conclusion of these strategies that have evolved between civilian and military contexts over the past 80 years. In chapter four, the speaker system instrumentality of the HSS ultrasonic beam - occurring post Guantanamo - comes to symbolise an epistemic shift in the application of waveformed pressure; the dynamics of directional ultrasound technology signalling the orchestration of a new set of frequency-based relations between the transmitter and the receiver, the speaker system and architectural context, and the civilian and war torn environment. The concluding proposition of the study submits that a waveformed cartography - mapping the soundscape's territorialisation by the military-entertainment complex - needs to be composed and arranged so that forms of recording, amplification, and resistance can be made coherent. Given the new set of non-sound politics announced by the HSS, this philosophy of frequency-based mapping will have to re-evaluate the taxonomy and indexical nature of spatial relations. This discipline will be a waveformed psychogeography; a frequency-based modality that heuristically charts the spatial concerns of the neural environment as well as the environs of the material and the built. As a field of research it will have a wide-ranging remit to explore the spatial, psychological, physiological, social, economic, and sexual effects that waveforms have upon our subjectivity. Its methodology - as suggested through the structuring of this study - will be multi-disciplined and multi-channelled. It will create new forms of knowledge about LRADs, iPods, Mosquitos, I ntonarumori , loudhailers, and Sequential Arc Discharge Acoustic Generators - the meta-network of speaker systems through which rhythms and cadences of power are transmitted, connected, and modulated.
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Giblette, Ted N. "Rapid Prediction of Low-Boom and Aerodynamic Performance of Supersonic Transport Aircraft Using Panel Methods." DigitalCommons@USU, 2019. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/7603.
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The Utah State University Aerolab developed and tested a set of tools for rapid prediction of the loudness of a sonic boom generated by supersonic transport aircraft. This work supported a larger effort led by Texas A&M to investigate the use of adaptive aerostructures in lowering sonic boom loudness at off design conditions. Successful completion of this effort will improve the feasibility of supersonic commercial transport over land.
Funding was provided by a NASA University Leadership Initiative grant to several universities, including Utah State University, as well as industry partners to complete this work over a five year period. The work presented in this thesis was done over the first year of the grant.
The Aerolab team was specifically tasked with developing a set of tools for rapidly predicting the sonic boom loudness of supersonic aircraft. Specifically, this work included an assessment of the existing analysis tools available followed by the planning, development, and testing of a framework of tools for performing the needed calculations.
Results of the framework were compared against high fidelity solutions available from the 2017 AIAA Sonic Boom Prediction Workshop. These comparisons revealed that panel methods perform well for simple geometries. However, localized errors appear when modeling more complex geometries that reduce the accuracy of the predicted sonic boom loudness. It was found that these localized errors were a consequence of the inherent assumptions built into panel methods. Consequently, in future work, it may be necessary to develop techniques for combining the results of panel methods with higher fidelity methods or to revisit the panel method formulation.
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Furtney, Matthew D. "Modular engineering of neuromuscular gait simulators." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/106056.
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Thesis: S.M., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, School of Architecture and Planning, Program in Media Arts and Sciences, 2016.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 72-73).
In this thesis we present a novel approach to the computer simulation of forward dynamic gait models and the optimization of parameters that must be tuned for such models. This methodology is not limited to gait simulation, and could be useful for any situation in which a complex Simulink model requires variables to be tuned via machine learning to optimize all heuristic that can only be evaluated via simulation. Through the lens of Biomechatronic engineering research, we combine the fundamentals of software engineering with a refinement of the best practices of Matlab and Simulink programming and a working knowledge of inherent Matlab and Simulink constraints to construct a framework for rapid model development. Key features of this methodology include: the use of Simulink as an environment for rapidly prototyped models, the use of and construction of custom Simulink libraries, and use of the Matlab Optimization Toolbox. This methodology uses parallel evaluation of rapid acceleration Simulink executables to minimize optimization time, and allow research teams to take advantage of parallel processing and cloud computing. This methodology was applied to a bouncing gait model developed by Hartmut Geyer for evaluation. We demonstrate its effectiveness by simulating this model using a custom library of model components, such as ground contact model, Stateflow control, heuristic computation, and body segments.
by Matthew D. Furtney.
S.M.
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Mehrnoosh, Behzad. "Comparing Analog and Digital Non-Linear Sonic Signatures : an Investigation on Creative Application and Subjective Perception using the Universal Audio 1176 FET Compressor." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för ekonomi, teknik, konst och samhälle, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-84598.
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Historically, compression was primarily used as a preventative measure to reduce the risk of clipping or overloading equipment in the recording signal chain. Research on the topic has revealed that modern production applications more commonly include utilizing compression as a creative effect, to impart distortion, manipulate timbre, and modify transients, rather than to control the dynamic range of audio signals. It has also been found that specific compressors are regularly chosen for the sonic signatures that they impart onto audio material. To evaluate the quality of a digitally modeled emulation plugin of a classic compressor, an analog and digital version of the Universal Audio 1176 FET compressor was tested in this study. 20 experienced listeners participated in a MUSHRA-style listening test during which processed sounds were rated based on four attributes. The result of the listening test verifies previous findings on the sonic signature of the 1176, and evidence presented suggests that the plugin can be used for the same creative purposes as the analog device. However, it was also found that intuitive methods could not be used when trying to match the processing of the hardware. Instead, critical listening and user experience seem to be important factors when trying to achieve the same creative effects when using the software plugin.
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Karydis, Thrasyvoulos. "Learning hierarchical motif embeddings for protein engineering." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/109659.
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Thesis: S.M., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, School of Architecture and Planning, Program in Media Arts and Sciences, 2017.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 75-79).
This thesis lays the foundation for an integrated machine learning framework for the evolutionary analysis, search and design of proteins, based on a hierarchical decomposition of proteins into a set of functional motif embeddings. We introduce, CoMET - Convolutional Motif Embeddings Tool, a machine learning framework that allows the automated extraction of nonlinear motif representations from large sets of protein sequences. At the core of CoMET, lies a Deep Convolutional Neural Network, trained to learn a basis set of motif embeddings by minimizing any desired objective function. CoMET is successfully trained to extract all known motifs across Transcription Factors and CRISPR Associated proteins, without requiring any prior knowledge about the nature of the motifs or their distribution. We demonstrate that motif embeddings can model efficiently inter- and intra- family relationships. Furthermore, we provide novel protein meta-family clusters, formed by taking into account a hierarchical conserved motif phylogeny for each protein instead of a single ultra-conserved region. Lastly, we investigate the generative ability of CoMET and develop computational methods that allow the directed evolution of proteins towards altered or novel functions. We trained a highly accurate predictive model on the DNA recognition code of the Type II restriction enzymes. Based on the promising prediction results, we used the trained models to generate de novo restriction enzymes and paved the way towards the computational design of a restriction enzyme that will cut a given arbitrary DNA sequence with high precision.
by Thrasyvoulos Karydis.
S.M.
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Bryant, Joy L. "The Requirements of Patentability as Applied to the Chemical Arts." W&M ScholarWorks, 1994. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539625871.
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Olguín, Olguín Daniel. "Sensor-based organizational design and engineering." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/67756.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, School of Architecture and Planning, Program in Media Arts and Sciences, 2011.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 117-127).
We propose a sensor-based organizational design and engineering approach that combines behavioral sensor data with other sources of information such as e-mail, surveys, and performance data in order to design interventions aimed at improving organizational outcomes. The proposed system combines sensor measurements, pattern recognition algorithms, simulation and optimization techniques, social network analysis, and feedback mechanisms that aim at continuously monitoring and improving individual and group performance. We describe the system's general specifications and discuss several studies that we conducted in different organizations using the sociometric badge experimental sensing platform. We have deployed such system under naturalistic settings in more than ten organizations up to this date. We show that it is possible to automatically capture group dynamics, and analyze the relationship between organizational behaviors and both subjective and objective outcomes (such as job satisfaction, quality of group interaction, stress, productivity, and group performance). We propose the use of static and dynamic simulation models of group behavior captured by sensors, in order to optimize group configurations that maximize individual and group outcomes, both in terms of job quality characteristics and organizational performance.
by Daniel Olguín Olguín.
Ph.D.
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Alekseeva, Iuliia. "Alternative healing in Berlin : nature, arts and science for human recharge." Thesis, KTH, Arkitektur, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-254531.
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Evaldsson, Pernilla, and Birgit Martens. "Ultraljudssvetsning : ett komplement eller ersättning till symaskinen?" Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Institutionen Ingenjörshögskolan, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-18663.
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AbstractThis bachelor thesis has been assigned by the company ACG Nyström, Borås. ACG Nyström is working in cooperation with a Swiss company named Jentschmann AG. Jentschmann is a manufacturer of ultra sonic welding machines which ACG Nyström is marketing in Scandinavia and the Baltic States. On behalf of Jentschmann AG the company has the aim to introduce the ultra sonic welding technique to new companies.The aim of this thesis is to compare traditional sewing machines with ultra sonic welding machines within two textile areas, protective clothing and outdoor living.Two investigative questions have been formulated for this purpose: what are the differences between a sewing machine and an ultra sonic welding machine? Is it possible to replace the sewing technology with ultra sonic welding? These stand as guidance for this paper.To gather knowledge interviews, literature studies, and tests on two different ultra sonic welding machines were performed. Ultra sonic welding is a technique which generates inner friction inside the material when it is exposed to pressure. The inner friction creates heat which melts the material and bonds it together. The bond needs time to stabilize before the product can be used. Not all textile materials have the contingency to bond; in this scenario tape has to be added.Ultra sonic welding machines have the same appearance as traditional sewing machines, even the sewing process is similar. Another similarity is the capacity of the two machines, which is almost identical. The sewing machine technology has one advantage: the experience and research from several centuries. Industrial sewing machines usually have the ability to perform only one task whereas an ultra sonic welding machine can perform more than one operation.One reason why ultra sonic welding machines are being used within different textile areas is the water and UV-resistance of the bond (depending on choice of material). When compared, an ultra sonic welding bond is preferable. The bond has a cleaner and daintier appearance from a designing point of view. Our research in this thesis shows that most sewing processes on the chosen products have the ability to be replaced with ultra sonic welding.Uppsatsnivå: C
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Hedlund, Nadja. "Non-Destructive Testing Of Concrete Bridges." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Byggkonstruktion och brand, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-81923.
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Non-destructive testing is of great value in cases where a structure's future is investigated to find out what the best measure is. It is not always the best solution to demolish and build new. Many structures can be repaired and function several more years. In this thesis the main goal is to investigate some different non-destructive techniques and learn more about difficulties and strengths. The test subjects will be a cast T-beam in a laboratory environment as well as a case study of a railway bridge in Abisko. The different testing equipment being used in this thesis is a covermeter, a rebound hammer and ultrasonic pulse velocity. For both the T-beam and the bridge the results are overall very good. The covermeter is proven to be both easy to use and very reliable and the ultrasonic pulse velocity was more to learn about and more difficult but is giving very good results as well. Conclusions after the thesis project is that it requires a lot of experience of the user and time to make non-destructive testing useful and competitive in the society. Getting all the pieces together it is a powerful tool that hopefully is a sustainable asset in the future, regarding both economic and environmental issues.
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Palmieri, Giulia. "Diagonal compression tests on masonry panels reinforced with composite materials FRCM." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2017.
Find full textAbstract:
In the last years, due to many severe seismic events, it becomes more and more important to understand the structural performance of masonry structures subjected to seismic actions and structural reinforce became an important task in civil engineering. The developments of innovative techniques for structural retrofitting represent a great change in order to reduce the seismic vulnerability of masonry buildings. Beside the traditional reinforce techniques, new reinforce born such as Fiber Reinforced Polymer (FRP) and Fiber Reinforced Cementitious Matrix (FRCM)
The aim of this thesis is to study the shear strength of masonry panels, subjected to in-plane actions, reinforced with FRCM.
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Eaton, Scott Michael 1973. "The design and engineering of variable character morphology." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/61121.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, School of Architecture and Planning, Program in Media Arts and Sciences, September 2001."August 2001."
Includes bibliographical references (p. 79-82).
This thesis explores the technical challenges and the creative possibilities afforded by a computational system that allows behavioral control over the appearance of a character's morphology. Working within the framework of the Synthetic Character's behavior architecture, a system has been implemented that allows a character's internal state to drive changes in its morphology. The system allows for real-time, multi-target blending between body geometries, skeletons, and animations. The results reflect qualitative changes in the character's appearance and state. Through the thesis character sketches are used to demonstrate the potential of this integrated approach to behavior and character morphology.
Scott Michael Eaton.
S.M.
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Sullivan, Jeffrey. "An analysis of students' perceptions of engineering concepts in a technology education course at North High School, Eau Claire, Wisconsin." Menomonie, WI : University of Wisconsin--Stout, 2007. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/2007/2007sullivanj.pdf.
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Martin, Fred G. (Fred Garth). "Circuits to control--learning engineering by designing LEGO robots." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/29079.
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Kavuru, Padmini. "Crystal engineering of flavonoids." [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2008. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0002463.
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Saleh, Nasser. "Collaborative information behavior in learning tasks: a study of engineering students." Thesis, McGill University, 2013. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=114447.
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Collaborative information behaviour is an emerging area in information science that deals with the identification, seeking, searching, and use of information by two or more people to accomplish a task. This dissertation investigates the collaborative information behaviour of senior undergraduate engineering students working on group design-projects at a Canadian university. The dissertation presents a longitudinal research using a constructivist grounded theory methodology in two different but related studies undertaken in successive academic years. The main research method consisted of a web-based survey, bimonthly semi-structured interviews with eight students, and the project deliverables for six different project groups. Project deliverables included weekly reports that described group and project activities, and the projects' interim and final reports. The research results show that learning tasks associated with engineering design projects were information-intensive tasks; information seeking, searching, and use have been ongoing needed activities during the lifespan of these projects. There was found to be a strong relationship among learning task stages and phases, task complexity, and collaborative information behavior. Collaborative information behaviors occurred variably at different project stages and levels, and their nature were task-dependent. Students' perception of task complexity triggered collaborative seeking and use of a variety of information sources, with preferences for information from perceived subject-experts. It was also found, in many situations, when students' perceived task complexity increased, their information behavior tended to be more collaborative.The study highlighted the need for groups to construct and share a collaborative situation awareness in order to maintain and regulate their activities in information seeking and use; this shared awareness was enabled by students' interactions in their group meetings or their use of collaborative software tools for information sharing. Learners sought and created meaning from information through collaborative information synthesis over long intervals by prioritizing, judging relevance, and building connections of information. The research investigated collaborative information behavior in learning tasks through a detailed analysis of findings that resulted in a holistic conceptual framework illustrating the dynamic interplay of the components of task-based collaborative information behavior in learning tasks. Collaborative information behavior was conceptualized with details in its three distinct but interrelated dimensions: (1) learner's knowledge, (2) learners' activities and interactions, and (3) information objects; the representation of interdependence of these three dimensions confirmed the complexity of collaborative information behavior as a human behavior that cannot be investigated by focusing on a single dimension and eliminating the other ones.The dissertation presents original research that extends our conceptual understanding of students' collaborative information behavior in learning tasks and also provides more insights into how collaborative information behaviors are dynamically shaped by the characteristics of the learning task.Le comportement informationnel collaboratif est un sujet émergent en sciences de l'information qui est relié aux moments où deux acteurs ou plus cherchent, repèrent, sélectionnent et utilisent l'information pour accomplir une tâche. Cette thèse propose une étude sur le comportement informationnel collaboratif des étudiants de premier cycle en génie dans le contexte de projets de groupe en conception technique offert dans une université canadienne.La thèse décrit une recherche longitudinale utilisant deux études différentes, mais connexes, menées dans des années successives. Les méthodes principales de recherche consistaient en un sondage en ligne, entretiens semi-structurés avec huit étudiants chaque deux mois, et la collection des éléments livrables des six différents groupes. Les livrables des projets comprenaient des rapports hebdomadaires qui décrivaient les activités des groupes et aussi les rapports intermédiaires et finaux des projets.Les résultats présentés dans cette thèse montrent que les tâches d'apprentissages associées à des projets de conception technique ont été intensives de l'usage d'information, la recherche et l'utilisation de l'information étaient des activités nécessaires que continuaient pendant la durée de ces projets. Il a été constaté une forte corrélation entre les stades et phases de tâches d'apprentissage, la complexité des tâches, et le comportement informationnel collaboratif. Les comportements informationnels se sont produits variablement à différentes étapes du projet, et leur nature étaient dépendantes sur les tâches. La perception qu'ont les étudiants de la complexité des tâches déclenchées le recherche et l'utilisation d'information en collaboration d'une variété de sources d'information, avec des préférences pour l'information obtenu des spécialistes dans le domaine du projet. On a également constaté, dans des nombreuses situations, lorsque la complexité perçue de la tâche par des étudiants a augmenté, leur comportement informationnel avait tendance à être plus collaboratif.L'étude souligne la nécessité de groupes de construire et partager une connaissance de la situation de collaboration dans le but du projet, de maintenir et de réglementer leurs activités dans la recherche et l'utilisation d'information; cette prise de conscience partagée a été activée par les interactions des étudiants dans leurs réunions de groupe ou leur utilisation d'outils logiciels de collaboration pour partager d'information. Les apprenants ont cherché et créé signification de l'information grâce à la synthèse d'information collaboratif sur de longs intervalles par ordre de priorité, à en juger la pertinence et l'établissement de liens d'information.La recherche a enquêté le comportement informationnel collaboratif dans les tâches d'apprentissage par le biais d'une analyse détaillée des conclusions qui ont abouti à un cadre conceptuel holistique illustrant l'interaction dynamique des composantes du comportement informationnel collaboratif basé sur la nature de la tâche d'apprentissage. Le comportement informationnel collaboratif a été analysé de manière détaillée dans ses trois dimensions distinctes mais interdépendantes: (1) la connaissance d'apprenant, (2) les activités et des interactions des apprenants, et (3) les objets d'information ; la représentation de l'interdépendance de ces trois dimensions a confirmé la complexité de la comportement informationnel collaboratif comme un comportement humain qui ne peut pas être étudiée en se concentrant sur une seule dimension et d'éliminer les autres.La recherche présentée dans cette thèse propose une recherche originale qui augmente notre compréhension conceptuelle du comportement d'information collaboratif des étudiants dans les tâches d'apprentissage et fournit également des indications sur la façon dont les comportements d'information collaboratifs sont influencés par les caractéristiques de la tâche d'apprentissage.
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Tawaifi, Anjel. "Ljud som konstnärlig metod : En analys av sonisk estetik och politik i Lawrence Abu Hamdans ljudverk Saydnaya (the missing 19db)." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Konstvetenskapliga institutionen, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-445288.
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The aim of this essay is to study the political and aesthetical qualities in Lawrence Abu Hamdans sound piece. In Saydnaya (the missing 19db) former detainees from the infamous Syrian prison Saydnaya are interviewed about the many sounds, silences and emotions that circulated in the prison. Since they were kept in total darkness during their stay in Saydnaya, their memories and impressions are sonic. The piece can therefore be called a sonic testimony and the detainees are referred to as earwitnesses. The methodological framework of this study is outlined by Salomé Voegelin in her book Listening to Noise and Silence. In the core of this method lies the notion of deep listening (also called sonic sensibility). From listening noise and silence naturally unfold. In order to define and discover the affects of the artwork and its sonic material, the theoretical work of Gilles Deleuze, Brian Massumi and Sara Ahmed is applied. More specifically the concepts of lines of flight and affect. Emotions and sound seem to blend in the most peculiar ways. This essay is just a suggestion of how that blend might look... or should I say sound? And most importantly this essay will investigate how these non-visual forces work, stick and flow. How they can be used and what they produce. Some of the questions that this essay will touch upon are: what are the sonic affects that this artwork produces? And how does the artist use noise and silence in the construction of Saydnaya?
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Kanarinka. "Engineering serendipity : Terra Incognita and other strange encounters with global news." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/95597.
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Thesis: S.M., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, School of Architecture and Planning, Program in Media Arts and Sciences, 2014.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references.
There is a significant body of research that shows that people tend to congregate with others like them and favor information that confirms their existing views. With declining global news coverage and the rise of personalized news feeds and social media, there is concern that our forms of information consumption do not support encountering sufficient information about other cultures and places to make us effective citizens of the world. This thesis reviews these arguments and proposes a design intervention called "Terra Incognita: 1000 Cities of the World" to help address the geographic dimension of information diversity. Terra Incognita brings together aspects of serendipitous information discovery, personal informatics and "nudge" applications to provide users with multiple daily opportunities to explore faraway cities by reading global news recommendations. This study shows that while Terra Incognita did not shift user behavior in aggregate towards reading about more diverse places, it did make them curious about new places, prompted them to reflect and broadened their horizons. The final chapter offers guidance for designers who might aspire to create applications at the intersection of personal behavior change and news media.
by Catherine D'Ignazio.
S.M.
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Mukherjee, Sreya. "Crystal Engineering of Pharmaceutical Cocrystals." Scholar Commons, 2011. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/3258.
Full textAbstract:
Pharmaceutical cocrystals use principles of crystal engineering for the design of crystalline forms of drugs and can improve their solubility, bioavailability, stability and other important properties without changing the efficacy of the drug. Herein reported are pharmaceutical cocrystals of two API's, caffeine and Pentoxifylline.
Research has indicated that caffeine has the ability to reverse AB; plaque deposition in the brain (believed to be the primary cause of Alzheimer's pathogenesis) and thus revert memory and improve cognitive impairment. But owing to the fast absorption rate and short half life, a controlled release formulation of caffeine would be clinically beneficial. Thus, novel cocrystals of caffeine are presented with varying solubilities with respect to caffeine. The pharmaceutical cocrystals of caffeine used herein include: caffeine.cyanuric acid monohydrate, caffeine.syringic acid tetrahydrate, caffeine.chlorogenic acid and caffeine.catechin hydrate. Three caffeine cocrystals were prepared in our lab previously which include caffeine.ferulic acid, caffeine.ethyl gallate dihydrate and caffeine.caffeic acid. In addition, six caffeine cocrystal forms were reproduced from the literature and included in the solubility study: caffeine.quercetin, caffeine.salicylic acid, caffeine.1-hydroxy-2-napthoic acid, caffeine.gallic acid hemihydrate, caffeine.ellagic acid monohydrate and caffeine.coumaric acid. Dissolution studies were performed in aqueous media at room temperature. All of the cocrystals decreased the solubility of caffeine with the highest being a 278 fold decrease in the solubility of caffeine. Analysis of melting point, crystal packing efficiency and solubility of cocrystal former with solubility was also done to determine if they influenced the solubility. Presented herein are the results of the analyses. It was seen that solubility of the cocrystal former had no effect on the decrease in cocrystal solubility. Moreover melting point and solubility of the cocrystal could not be correlated probably due to the variability in the cocrystal formers. Crystal packing efficiency though did not show a high correlation with solubility but it was seen that highest solubility achieved by pure caffeine achieved the lowest crystal packing efficiency and vice versa suggesting its role in cocrystal solubility.
Pentoxifylline is contraindicated for its use in autism. But owing to high solubility of the drug, a less soluble form of the drug would help in decreasing the half life and thereby help in forming a sustained form of the drug by modifying the inherent solubility of the API. Here, novel cocrystals of Pentoxifylline are presented with varying solubilities with respect to the API. The pharmaceutical cocrystals used herein include: pentoxifylline.benzoic acid, pentoxifylline.1-hydroxy-2-napthoic acid, pentoxifylline.salicylic acid, pentoxifylline.gallic acid, pentoxifylline. salicylamide, pentoxifylline.coumaric acid, pentoxifylline.caffeic acid and pentoxifylline.catechin hydrate. Dissolution studies were also performed in aqueous media at room temperature. All of the cocrystals decreased the solubility of Pentoxifylline with the highest being a 99 fold decrease in the solubility with pentoxifylline.coumaric acid. On analyzing melting point, crystal packing efficiency and relation of solubility of cocrystal former with solubility of cocrystal, as was done in the case of caffeine, the parameters showed no effect on solubility of the cocrystal.
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Aboarayes, Dalia A. "Crystal Engineering of Nutraceutical Cocrystals." Scholar Commons, 2009. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/1820.
Full textAbstract:
The work presented herein focus upon crystal engineering of nutraceutical cocrystals. Cocrystals are considered unique solid dosage form which has many advantages over other traditionally known solid forms. Furthermore, cocrystals have proven to improve stability, solubility and bioavailability of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient (API) as shown in the case of carbamazepine and other APIs in previous studies.
Crystal engineering is commonly used to design new solid forms based on the bases of supramolecular chemistry. In this study, crystal engineering based on intensive Cambridge Structural Database (CSD) analysis used to predict and design new cocrystals of targeted nutraceuticals. Two nutraceuticals were selected for this study; resveratrol and citric acid. The rationale behind selecting resveratrol was to improve its solubility and, accordingly, bioavailability. On the other hand, citric acid is known as a highly soluble and safe nutraceutical, and thus it can be used as a coformer. Five new cocrystals were prepared and characterized using a variety of techniques that include single crystal X-ray diffraction (XRD), powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), FT-IR, and thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA). Most of the reported cocrystals were obtained using different techniques; solvent slow evaporation, mechanichemical approach, slurry, and from melt. Moreover, dissolution test has been performed on resveratrol and two of its cocrystals, using UV-vis spectrophotometer, where the data demonstrate that through cocrystallization with different cocrystal formers, solubility of resveratrol could be greatly modified, and further controlled.
The polymorphism phenomenon is encountered, and accordingly addressed, herein where four novel polymorphs were obtained during cocrystallization attempts. Polymorphism has a significant importance in industry, in general, and in pharmaceutical industry, in particular, due to the vast differences in physical properties of polymorphs. Furthermore, the study of polymorphism provides valuable information essential to understand how different crystal forms are attained.
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Jones, Robert. "Prediction of residual stress and distortion from residual stress in heat treated and machined aluminum parts." Thesis, San Jose State University, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1560843.
Full textAbstract:
Parts machined from relatively large thickness cross sections can experience significant deformations from high residual stresses that develop in the part during the heat treatment used to form the aluminum alloy. Uphill quenching is a process that can create a part with low residual stress and stable dimensions when the process is controlled properly. The uphill quenching process involves a solution heat treat, quench, cool to liquid nitrogen, steam blast, and then age to final temper.
In this thesis two parts were modeled using ANSYS. The first part underwent the uphill quench process in the rough machined state. The second part was modeled in the stock material shape and only underwent a solution heat treat, quench, and age to final temper. After the residual stress in the second part was predicted the excess material was removed by killing the associated elements and the deformation of the final machined part was predicted. For both parts analyzed measurements were made and compared against predictions with fairly good results.
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Ryan, Timothy. "Sound system engineering and optimization: The effects of multiple arrivals on the intelligibility of reinforced speech." Thesis, McGill University, 2011. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=103588.
Full textAbstract:
The effects of multiple arrivals on the intelligibility of speech produced by live-sound reinforcement systems are examined. The intent is to determine if correlations exist between the manipulation of sound system optimization parameters and the subjective attribute speech intelligibility. Given the number, and wide range, of variables involved, this exploratory research project attempts to narrow the focus of further studies. Investigated variables are delay time between signals arriving from multiple elements of a loudspeaker array, array type and geometry and the two-way interactions of speech-to-noise ratio and array geometry with delay time. Intelligibility scores were obtained through subjective evaluation of binaural recordings, reproduced via headphone, using the Modified Rhyme Test. These word-score results are compared with objective measurements of Speech Transmission Index (STI). Results indicate that both variables, delay time and array geometry, have significant effects on intelligibility. Additionally, it is seen that all three of the possible two-way interactions have significant effects. Results further reveal that the STI measurement method overestimates the decrease in intelligibility due to short delay times between multiple arrivals.Les effets d'arrivées multiples sur l'intelligibilité de la parole produite sur systèmes de sonorisation sont examinés. Le but est de déterminer si des corrélations existent entre la manipulation des paramètres d'optimisation de systèmes de son et l'attribut subjectif de l'intelligibilité de la parole. Étant donné le nombre et la large gamme de variables impliquées, ce projet de recherche exploratoire cherche à mieux délimiter le champ d'études ultérieures. Les variables investiguées sont le temps de délai entre signaux en provenance de plusieurs éléments d'un système d'enceintes, le type d'agencement d'enceintes, la géométrie du système, ainsi que les interactions à deux voies entre le rapport parole-bruit et la géométrie du système avec le temps de délai. Les scores d'intelligibilité ont été obtenus à travers l'évaluation subjective d'enregistrements binauraux reproduits sur casque d'écoute, en utilisant le test de rime modifiée (Modified Rhyme Test [MRT]). Ces résultats score-mot sont comparés avec des mesures objectives de l'index de transmission de la parole (Speech Transmission Index, [STI]). Les résultats indiquent que les deux variables, temps de délai et géométrie, ont des effets significatifs sur l'intelligibilité. Par ailleurs, il a été constaté que les trois interactions à deux voies ont des effets significatifs. Des résultats révèlent par surcroît que la méthode de prise de mesure du STI surestime la décroissance de l'intelligibilité en raison des temps de délais courts entre arrivées multiples.