Journal articles on the topic 'Songbooks, English Australia History'

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1

Constantine, S. "The English in Australia." English Historical Review CXXII, no. 495 (February 1, 2007): 266–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ehr/cel449.

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Lake, Marilyn. "Colonial Voices: A Cultural History of English in Australia 1840–1940." Social History 37, no. 1 (February 2012): 68–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03071022.2012.651855.

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3

Hadley, David Warren, and Ann V. Beedell. "The Decline of the English Musician, 1788-1888: A Family of English Musicians in Ireland, England, Mauritius, and Australia." Journal of Interdisciplinary History 25, no. 2 (1994): 297. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/206356.

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4

Yengoyan, Aram A. "Joy Damousi. Colonial Voices: A Cultural History of English in Australia 1840–1940." American Historical Review 117, no. 4 (September 21, 2012): 1208–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ahr/117.4.1208.

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Milner, Andrew. "The 'English ' Ideology: Literary Criticism in England and Australia." Thesis Eleven 12, no. 1 (May 1985): 110–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/072551368501200108.

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6

Doust, Janet L. "Two English immigrant families in Australia in the 19th century." History of the Family 13, no. 1 (January 2008): 2–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.hisfam.2007.12.001.

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Temperley, Nicholas, and A. V. Beedell. "The Decline of the English Musician, 1788-1888: A Family of English Musicians in Ireland, England, Mauritius, and Australia." American Historical Review 99, no. 1 (February 1994): 230. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2166228.

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8

McPHEE, Peter. "The Great Race: The Race between the English and the French to Complete the Map of Australia; Baudin, Napoleon and the Exploration of Australia." Australian Historical Studies 45, no. 1 (January 2, 2014): 137–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1031461x.2014.877788.

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9

Laidlaw, Z. "Colonial Voices: A Cultural History of English in Australia 1840-1940, by Joy Damousi." English Historical Review CXXVII, no. 524 (December 21, 2011): 209–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ehr/cer388.

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10

Lake, Marilyn. "A Review of “Colonial voices: a cultural history of English in Australia, 1840–1940”." Language Awareness 22, no. 1 (February 2013): 95–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09658416.2011.651601.

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11

Van Der Veen, Roger. "Rehabilitation Counselling with Clients from Non-English Speaking Countries." Australian Journal of Rehabilitation Counselling 5, no. 2 (1999): 86–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1323892200001095.

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People born in non-English Speaking Countries (NESCs) and resident in Australia make up 14.2% of the Australian population and a sizeable proportion of the current immigration program — the humanitarian and non-humanitarian components. This article presents some background about the numbers of overseas born people resident in Australia especially those from NESCs, a brief history of the Australian immigration program, and the present policy of multiculturalism in the context of settlement. Some of these overseas born people have already, or are likely to, participate in rehabilitation counselling, and it is argued that rehabilitation counselling processes will be enhanced with a knowledge of such clients' culture as well as the practical application of general cross-cultural casework skills.
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12

Munro, Jennifer, and Ilana Mushin. "Rethinking Australian Aboriginal English-based speech varieties." Journal of Pidgin and Creole Languages 31, no. 1 (April 25, 2016): 82–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/jpcl.31.1.04mun.

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The colonial history of Australia necessitated contact between nineteenth and twentieth century dialects of English and Aboriginal and Torres Strait Island languages. This has resulted in the emergence of contact languages, some of which have been identified as creoles (e.g. Sandefur 1979, Shnukal 1983) while others have been hidden under the label of ‘Aboriginal English’, exacerbated by what Young (1997) described as a gap in our knowledge of historical analyses of individual speech varieties. In this paper we provide detailed sociohistorical data on the emergence of a contact language in Woorabinda, an ex-Government Reserve in Queensland. We propose that the data shows that the label ‘Aboriginal English’ previously applied (Alexander 1968) does not accurately identify the language. Here we compare the sociohistorical data for Woorabinda to similar data for both Kriol, a creole spoken in the Northern Territory of Australia and to Bajan, an ‘intermediate creole’ of Barbados, to argue that the language spoken in Woorabinda is most likely also an intermediate creole.
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13

Yusny, Rahmat. "CURRICULUM INNOVATION OF AUSTRALIAN AMEP-CERTIFICATE IN SPOKEN AND WRITTEN ENGLISH (CSWE)." Englisia Journal 2, no. 1 (November 1, 2014): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.22373/ej.v2i1.321.

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This paper is aimed to analyse Certificate in Spoken and Written English (CSWE) curriculum framework which is currently implemented for Adult Migrant English Pro-gram (AMEP) in Australia. The Curriculum framework that I presented in this writing has been implemented in Australia for more than two decades and has been re-searched and evaluated in delivering better output in order to foster better national economic development in the long run through English, job-seeking, and workplace skills courses. The analysis includes brief history of the curriculum, issues that have been resolved in the implementation and how modern sociolinguistic theories related to social-driven educational innovation in second language learning curriculum design has contributed CSWE development to meet the national demands.
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14

Mcnamara, Kenneth, and Frances Dodds. "The Early History of Palaeontology in Western Australia: 1791-1899." Earth Sciences History 5, no. 1 (January 1, 1986): 24–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.17704/eshi.5.1.t85384660311h176.

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The exploration of the coast of Western Australia by English and French explorers in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries led to the first recorded discoveries of fossiliferous rocks in Western Australia. The first forty years of exploration and discovery of fossil sites in the State was restricted entirely to the coast of the Continent. Following the establishment of permanent settlements in the 1820s the first of the inland fossil localities were located in the 1830s, north of Albany, and north of Perth. As new land was surveyed; particularly north of Perth, principally by the Gregory brothers in the 1840s and 1850s, Palaeozoic rocks were discovered in the Perth and Carnarvon Basins. F.T. Gregory in particular developed a keen interest in the geology of the State to such an extent that he was able, at a meeting of the Geological Society of London in 1861, to present not only a geological map of part of the State, but also a suite of fossils which showed the existence of Permian and Hesozoic strata. The entire history of nineteenth century palaeontology in Western Australia was one of discovery and collection of specimens. These were studied initially by overseas naturalists, but latterly, in the 1890s by Etheridge at The Australian Museum in Sydney. Sufficient specimens had been collected and described by the turn of the century that the basic outline of the Phanerozoic geology of the sedimentary basins was reasonably well known.
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15

Austin, Denise A., David Perry, and Stephen Fogarty. "Politics and Pentecostalism in Australia." Pneuma 44, no. 1 (March 21, 2022): 100–118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15700747-bja10009.

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Abstract Pentecostalism and politics are, for better or worse, no strangers. In 2018, Scott Morrison became the first pentecostal prime minister in the history of Australia and, possibly, in the English-speaking world. He then led the Liberal Party to a resounding election victory in 2019. As a result, Morrison was dubbed the “Miracle Man” after his acceptance speech referred to divine intervention in the electoral results. Since then, there has been regular, negative speculation on links between Morrison’s pentecostal faith and policy positions. This article provides a counterposition that several elements of the pentecostal worldview have the potential for positive impact in politics and may explain aspects of Morrison’s electoral success. We argue that Morrison effectively leveraged his pentecostal experience and convictions to advantage through strong leadership, practical pragmatism, marketing acumen, and a narrative of hope. Here, in a morass of indecision and “policy-free” political elites, was someone who believed in something.
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Nirala, Bandana. "Colonial Politics and Problem of Language in David Malouf’s Remembering Babylon." International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research Configuration 1, no. 3 (July 2021): 28–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.52984/ijomrc1305.

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Language plays a critical role in postcolonial literature. English has been the dominant language of European imperialism that carried the European culture to the different colonies across the world. Australia is the settled countries where English has become not only the official and mainstream language of the country but has also put the indigenous languages on the verge of extinction. David Malouf’s Remembering Babylon is a postcolonial text that re-imagines the colonial history of Australian settlement presenting the early socio- cultural and linguistic clashes between the settlers and the Aboriginals. The present paper tries to analyze the various dimensions of language envisioning its micro to macro impacts on the individual, community and nation as well. British used English language as the weapon of spreading European culture in Australia causing the systematic replacement of local dialects and other vernacular languages; hence the issues of linguistic and cultural identities would also be among the focal points of the discussion. The paper also attempts to examine how David Malouf provides a solution by preferring and appropriating native languages and culture for the future ofs Australia.
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17

Gordon, Matthew J. "John Algeo (ed.), The Cambridge history of the English language, vol. 6: English in North America. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2001. Pp. xxxii, 625. Hb. $120.00." Language in Society 32, no. 5 (November 2003): 741–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0047404503285055.

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This is the sixth and presumably final volume in an ambitious series. The first four volumes were distinguished chronologically according to the traditional paradigm for the history of English: Old English, Middle English, Early Modern English, and Present Day English. The other two volumes are organized geographically. Volume 5 examined English outside England in most of the expected places (e.g., Scotland, Ireland, Australia), with the exception of North America, to which the present volume is devoted. As the general editor, Richard Hogg, writes (p. xi), the series is designed to offer “a solid discussion of the full range of the history of English” to anglicists and general linguists alike. Readers of the latter category will certainly find this volume accessible. In fact, the inclusion of a glossary of terms extends that accessibility to readers outside linguistics as well. Specialists, however, are likely to be disappointed by the unevenness of the collection.
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18

Nicholas, Stephen, and Richard H. Steckel. "Heights and Living Standards of English Workers During the Early Years of Industrializations, 1770–1815." Journal of Economic History 51, no. 4 (December 1991): 937–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022050700040171.

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We employed data on the heights of English and Irish male convicts transported to Australia to assess the living standards of workers between 1770 and 1815. Falling heights of urban-and rural-born males after 1780 and a delayed growth spurt for 13- to 23-year-old boys revealed declining living standards among English workers during the Industrial Revolution. This conclusion was supported by the fall in English workers' heights relative to that of convicts transported from Ireland. Significant urban-rural and regional variations in English living standards were revealed by using regression techniques.
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19

Duncan, Colin A. M., and Thomas R. Dunlap. "Nature and the English Diaspora: Environment and History in the United States, Canada, Australia, and New Zealand." Journal of American History 88, no. 2 (September 2001): 663. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2675166.

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20

Cook, Margaret. "Australia's Entanglement in Global Cotton." Agricultural History 96, no. 1-2 (May 1, 2022): 29–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00021482-9619788.

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Abstract Cotton in Australia has always been entwined with America and England. From the initial stimulus of the American War of Independence to the boost created by the boll weevil outbreak in the 1920s, the fortunes of Australian cotton producers have been shaped by American history as much as their own nation's political and economic imperatives. Scientists and farmers relied on American experience, importing seed, knowledge, personnel, and technology. The global market reflected fluctuations in the US cotton industry and the demands of English cotton mills. Australia relied on the imports of the English cotton mills and an injection of funds by the British Cotton Growing Association (BCGA) in the 1920s to boost industry. While Australian politicians promoted cotton as a domestic economic and demographic stimulant, fulfilment of these nation-state objectives was deeply entangled with, and dependent on, those of America and England.
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21

Stanley, Timothy. "Religious Print in Settler Australia and Oceania." Religions 12, no. 12 (November 25, 2021): 1048. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rel12121048.

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A distinctive feature of the study of religion in Australia and Oceania concerns the influence of European culture. While often associated with private interiority, the European concept of religion was deeply reliant upon the materiality of printed publication practices. Prominent historians of religion have called for a more detailed evaluation of the impact of religious book forms, but little research has explored this aspect of the Australian case. Settler publications include their early Bible importation, pocket English language hymns and psalters, and Indigenous language Bible translations. As elsewhere in Europe, Australian settlers relied on print to publicize their understanding of religion in their new context. Recovering this legacy not only enriches the cultural history of Australian settler religion, it can also foster new avenues through which to appreciate Australia’s multireligious and Indigenous heritage.
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22

Goodwin, Ken. "Land, language and literature." English Today 3, no. 1 (January 1987): 35–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266078400002716.

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Ninth in our series on the literatures of English around the world, this survey looks at the special historical, geographical and ethnic factors at work in the literature of Australia. It is taken from A History of Australian Literature (Macmillan UK, St Martins Press USA, 1986).
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23

Ahren, Wolfgang, and Sheila Embleton. "Contemporary trends in names of wines and wineries in the English-speaking world." Onomastica 65, no. 2 (2021): 305–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.17651/onomast.65.2.18.

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Over the last fifty years, the number of wineries in the English-speaking world has rapidly grown and with it the number of wines available has also increased. We are referring particularly to Canada, the United States, Australia, New Zealand and South Africa. With the increase in the number of wineries and wines has come an attempt by wineries to differentiate themselves by their names and the names of their wines. We discover that the names chosen mainly rely on regional history and culture as well as on humour. We take the Niagara region in Ontario, Canada, as our main example for systematic analysis, and then make reference to other English-speaking wine-producing regions in Canada (British Columbia), Australia, New Zealand, South Africa and the west coast of the United States (California, Washington State and Oregon).
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24

Watson, James. "English Associationalism in the British Empire: Yorkshire societies in New Zealand before the First World War." Britain and the World 4, no. 1 (March 2011): 84–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/brw.2011.0006.

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The rise of the Yorkshire societies in New Zealand coincided with the maturation of the British Dominions. Emerging as modern nations in their own right, New Zealand, Australia, South Africa and Canada were conscious of the need to consolidate selected cultural influences to inform the development of distinctive national identities. Given the fact that the English in New Zealand were the single largest British immigrant group, there seemed to be little need to assert or celebrate ‘Englishness’ and this was in stark contrast to the Scots whose widespread associational culture has been well-documented. Importantly, however, the emergence of Yorkshire, as opposed to English, societies reveals the crossroads of the immigrant experience: the dual identity. Asserting the importance of Yorkshire, its working-class culture and its people, as an important and defining facet of British success became very important at a time when immense social and economic changes were sweeping across Britain. The rise of Yorkshire societies abroad illuminates the desire for a greater recognition of the role played by the north in Britain's development at home and abroad. By examining the prevalence of Yorkshire societies in New Zealand, their membership, aims and activities, this article sheds new light on regional loyalties within English immigrant communities and their connection to Britain's imperial authority.
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Winks, Robin W., and Thomas R. Dunlap. "Nature and the English Diaspora: Environment and History in the United States, Canada, Australia, and New Zealand." Environmental History 6, no. 3 (July 2001): 474. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3985665.

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Lambert, Robert A. "Nature and the English Diaspora: Environment and History in the United States, Canada, Australia, and New Zealand." Journal of Ecology 88, no. 5 (October 2000): 932–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2745.2000.00499-2.x.

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Marshall, Suzanne. "Nature and the English Diaspora: Environment and History in the United States, Canada, Australia, and New Zealand." History: Reviews of New Books 28, no. 2 (January 2000): 89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03612759.2000.10525439.

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28

Gabaccia, Donna R. "Global Geography of ‘Little Italy’: Italian Neighbourhoods in Comparative Perspective." Modern Italy 11, no. 1 (February 2006): 9–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13532940500489510.

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Between 1870 and 1970 the migration of 26 million people from Italy produced an uneven geography of Little Italies worldwide. Migrants initially clustered residentially in many lands, and their festivals, businesses, monuments and practices of everyday life also attracted negative commentary everywhere. But neighbourhoods labelled as Little Italies came to exist almost exclusively in North America and Australia. Comparison of Italy's migrants in the three most important former ‘settler colonies’ of the British Empire (the USA, Canada, Australia) to other world regions suggests why this was the case. Little Italies were, to a considerable extent, the product of what Robert F. Harney termed the Italo-phobia of the English-speaking world. English-speakers’ understandings of race and their history of anti-Catholicism helped to create an ideological foundation for fixing foreignness upon urban spaces occupied by immigrants who seemed racially different from the earlier Anglo-Celtic and northern European settlers.
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Manuel, Jacqueline, and Don Carter. "Continuities of influence." History of Education Review 46, no. 1 (June 5, 2017): 72–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/her-09-2015-0017.

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Purpose This paper provides a critical interpretative analysis of the first secondary English syllabus for schools in New South Wales (NSW), Australia, contained within the Courses for Study for High Schools (New South Wales Department of Public Instruction, 1911). The purpose of the paper is to examine the “continuities that link English curriculum discourses and practices with previous discourses and practices” in the rhetorical curriculum. The analysis identifies those aspects of the 1911 English syllabus that have since become normative and challenges the appropriateness of certain enduring orthodoxies in a twenty-first century context. Design/methodology/approach Focussing on a landmark historical curriculum document from 1911, this paper draws on methods of historical comparative and documentary analysis. It sits within the tradition of historical curriculum research that critiques curriculum documents as a primary source for understanding continuities of discourses and practices. A social constructionist approach informs the analysis. Findings The conceptualisation of subject English evident in the structure, content and emphases of the 1911 English syllabus encodes a range of “discourses and practices” that have in some form endured or been “reconstituted and remade” (Cormack, 2008, p. 275) over the course of a century. The analysis draws attention to those aspects of the subject that have remained unproblematised and taken-for-granted, and the implications of this for universal student participation and attainment. Originality/value This paper reorients critical attention to a significant historical curriculum document that has not, to date, been explored against the backdrop twenty-first century senior secondary English curriculum. In doing so, it presents extended insights into a range of now normative structures, beliefs, ideas, assumptions and practices and questions the potential impact of these on student learning, access and achievement in senior secondary English in NSW in the twenty-first century.
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FINN, MARGOT C. "LAW'S EMPIRE: ENGLISH LEGAL CULTURES AT HOME AND ABROAD." Historical Journal 48, no. 1 (March 2005): 295–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0018246x04004315.

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The common law tradition: lawyers, books and the law. By J. H. Baker. London: Hambledon, 2000. Pp. xxxiv+404. ISBN 1-85285-181-3. £40.00.Lawyers, litigation and English society since 1450. By Christopher W. Brooks. London: Hambledon, 1998. Pp. x+274. ISBN 1-85285-156-2. £40.00.Professors of the law: barristers and English legal culture in the eighteenth century. By David Lemmings. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2000. Pp. xiv+399. ISBN 0-19-820721-2. £50.00.Industrializing English law: entrepreneurship and business organization, 1720–1844. By Ron Harris. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000. Pp. xvi+331. ISBN 0-521-66275-3. £37.50.Between law and custom: ‘high’ and ‘low’ legal cultures in the lands of the British Diaspora – the United States, Canada, Australia, and New Zealand, 1600–1900. By Peter Karsten. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002. Pp. xvi+560. ISBN 0-521-79283-5. £70.00.The past few decades have witnessed a welcome expansion in historians' understanding of English legal cultures, a development that has extended the reach of legal history far beyond the boundaries circumscribed by the Inns of Court, the central tribunals of Westminster, and the periodic provincial circuits of their judges, barristers, and attorneys. The publication of J. G. A. Pocock's classic study, The ancient constitution and the feudal law, in 1957 laid essential foundations for this expansion by underlining the centrality of legal culture to wider political and intellectual developments in the early modern period. Recent years have seen social historians elaborate further upon the purchase exercised by legal norms outside the courtroom. Criminal law was initially at the vanguard of this historiographical trend, and developments in this field continue to revise and enrich our understanding of the law's pervasive reach in British culture. But civil litigation – most notably disputes over contracts and debts – now occupies an increasingly prominent position within the social history of the law. Law's empire, denoting the area of dominion marked out by the myriad legal cultures that emanated both from parliamentary statutes and English courts, is now a far more capacious field of study than an earlier generation of legal scholars could imagine. Without superseding the need for continued attention to established lines of legal history, the mapping of this imperial terrain has underscored the imperative for new approaches to legal culture that emphasize plurality and dislocation rather than the presumed coherence of the common law.
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Martin, G. "Shorter notice. Nature and the English Diaspora: Environment and History in the United States, Canada, Australia and New Zealand. TR Dunlap." English Historical Review 115, no. 462 (June 2000): 764. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/enghis/115.462.764.

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Martin, G. "Shorter notice. Nature and the English Diaspora: Environment and History in the United States, Canada, Australia and New Zealand. TR Dunlap." English Historical Review 115, no. 462 (June 1, 2000): 764. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ehr/115.462.764.

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33

HARPER, MARJORY. "The English in Australia By James Jupp and Ten Pound Poms: Australia's Invisible Migrants By A. James Hammerton and Alistair Thomson." History 91, no. 303 (July 2006): 440–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-229x.2006.373_15.x.

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Mulcock, Jane, and Natalie Lloyd. "Human-Animal Studies in Australia: Current Directions." Society & Animals 15, no. 1 (2007): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156853007x169306.

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AbstractIn 2004, Natalie Lloyd and Jane Mulcock initiated the Australian Animals & Society Study Group, a network of social science, humanities and arts scholars that quickly grew to include more than 100 participants. In July 2005, about 50 participants attended the group's 4-day inaugural conference at the University of Western Australia, Perth. Papers in this issue emerged from the conference. They exemplify the Australian academy's work in the fields of History, Population Health, Sociology, Geography, and English and address strong themes: human-equine relationships; management of native and introduced animals; and relationships with other domestic, nonhuman animals—from cats and dogs to cattle. Human-Animal Studies is an expanding field in Australia. However, many scholars, due to funding and teaching concerns, focus their primary research in different domains. All authors in this issue—excepting one—are new scholars in their respective fields. The papers represent the diversity and innovation of recent Australian research on human-animal interactions. The authors look at both past and present, then anticipate future challenges in building an effective network to expand this field of study in Australia.
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Sharifian, Farzad, and Ian G. Malcolm. "The pragmatic marker like in English teen talk." Pragmatics and Cognition 11, no. 2 (December 31, 2003): 327–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/pc.11.2.07sha.

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This study reports on the use of like in Aboriginal English teen talk. The analysis of a sub-corpus of 40 adolescent texts from a corpus of 100 narratives by speakers of Aboriginal English in Western Australia revealed that like is often employed by these speakers, and that it achieves a multitude of functions. In general it is observed that like may mark off a) a discrepancy between the intended conceptualization and the expressed concept, b) an attitude, feeling, or certain degree of commitment towards a lexical item, and c) a shift in some element of discourse. The results of this study support and extend the analysis carried out by Andersen (2000) on London teen talk.
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Fee, Margery. "Writing orality: Interpreting literature in English by aboriginal writers in North America, Australia and New Zealand." Journal of Intercultural Studies 18, no. 1 (April 1997): 23–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07256868.1997.9963439.

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37

Bailey, Victor. "English Prisons, Penal Culture, and the Abatement of Imprisonment, 1895–1922." Journal of British Studies 36, no. 3 (July 1997): 285–324. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/386138.

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The prison method is callous, regular and monotonous and produces great mental and physical strain. The deprivation of liberty is extremely cruel and if it is attended with treatment that deadens the spiritual nature and fails to offer any stimulus to the imagination, that coarsens and humiliates, then it stands condemned. (Arthur Creech Jones, conscientious objector, Wandsworth Prison, 1916–19)The nineteenth century was the century of the penitentiary. Public and physical punishments (from whipping to the death penalty) were gradually replaced by the less visible, less corporal sanction of imprisonment. By the start of the Victorian era, imprisonment was the predominant penalty in the system of judicial punishments. For every 1,000 offenders sentenced at higher and summary courts in 1836 for serious (or indictable) offenses, 685 were punished by imprisonment in local prisons. By midcentury, moreover, sentences of penal servitude in convict prisons were plugging the gap left by the end of transportation to Australia. The three hundred or so local prisons in the 1830s, to which offenders were sent for anywhere between one day and two years (though typically for terms of less than three months), were locally controlled until 1877 and were less than uniform in regime. The separate system of prison discipline (or cellular isolation) increasingly prevailed over the silent system (or associated, silent labor), but it was subject to considerable local modification. Convict prisons were run by central government with less variability.
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Fan, Xiao, and Peng Liu. "Exploring Indigenous education leadership research in Canada, the United States, Australia and New Zealand." International Journal of Comparative Education and Development 22, no. 4 (September 9, 2020): 281–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijced-02-2020-0007.

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PurposeThis literature systematically reviews articles published in “core” international journals on the topic of Indigenous education leadership over the period from 2000 to 2018 in four English-speaking countries, covering Canada, America, Australia and New Zealand, in which all of them have long colonial history and Indigenous population. These reviews provide insights into the nature of this emergent literature and generate many implications that required for further research in Indigenous education leadership.Design/methodology/approachIn this study, a vote counting method was employed and a clearly delimited body of research on Indigenous education leadership was also identified. The vote counting method can enlarge the perspectives on the noticeable heterogeneity of Indigenous education leadership within the four English-speaking countries. This is the basic constitutive element for the development of a comparative literature in Indigenous education leadership. Moreover, this method can clearly calculate the annual number of articles about Indigenous education leadership, and the various methods used in the publications of Indigenous education leadership can be figured out as well, which helps to find out the different patterns of changes on Indigenous education leadership.FindingsThis study identifies the patterns of Indigenous educational leadership research across four English-speaking countries, which will contribute to the development of research in this regard.Originality/valueThis is one of the first studies about Indigenous educational leadership in the world. It will not only contribute to education practice but also leadership theory development.
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Graham, Sarah Ellen, and Alexander E. Davis. "A “Hindu Mystic” or a “Harrovian Realist”? U.S., Australian, and Canadian Representations of Jawaharlal Nehru, 1947–1964." Pacific Historical Review 89, no. 2 (2020): 198–231. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/phr.2020.89.2.198.

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This article analyzes how officials from the U.S., Australia, and Canada represented Indian Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru’s psychology in diplomatic contexts between 1947 and 1964. Nehru was the representative of a newly sovereign state, whose people were often stereotyped as mystical, spiritual, and irrational. In this article, we show how Nehru was constructed as “irrational,” “primitive,” “effeminate,” and racially resentful by Western diplomats. He was, conversely, also seen as a “Harrovian realist” or “transplanted Englishman” with an attendant air of “superiority.” Cold War imperatives gave these ambivalent cultural and psychological projections a special salience, particularly as each confronted the implications of Nehru’s non-alignment and his global profile as a proponent of Third World nationalism. The ambivalent representations of Nehru that we trace within U.S., Australian, and Canadian foreign policy-making also reveal a shared belief in the “Anglosphere”—the purported transnational unity of white, English-speaking nations—was sustained beyond the decline of the British Empire. Nehru’s “Britishness” demonstrates how he could be tethered to the English-speaking world while simultaneously being seen as its irrational, non-white Other. This ambivalent connection helped to re-draw the boundaries of the transnational Anglosphere in the era of decolonization and to define Cold War assumptions about race, rationality, and foreign policy.
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Kercher, Bruce. "Many Laws, Many Legalities." Law and History Review 21, no. 3 (2003): 621–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3595123.

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Peter Karsten asks why there might be a greater comparative propensity among CANZ historians than among those of the United States. Part of the reason may lie in the legal education many of us in Australia received, and in the formal legal status of many commonwealth countries until recently. As recently as the early 1970s, Australian law students were taught that English law was as significant as that made in the Australian courts. Appeals from the Australian Supreme Courts to the Privy Council were finally abolished only in 1986. From that time onward, there was a drive within the law schools to find differences from England, to look toward comparisons with other places than England.
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Callan, Maeve. "“A Savage and Sacrilegious Race, Hostile to God and Humanity”: Religion, Racism, and Ireland’s Colonization." Journal of Medieval Religious Cultures 49, no. 1 (January 2023): 1–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.5325/jmedirelicult.49.1.0001.

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ABSTRACT Though the Irish became Christian in the fifth century and had helped spread Christianity throughout Britain and the Continent since the sixth, when England’s Norman nobility set imperialist eyes upon Ireland in the twelfth century, the papacy pronounced the Irish fallen from the faith, otherizing them to justify their invasion. The imperialist colonialism that the English imposed on Africa, Asia, Australia, and the Americas, they imposed on their neighbors first, where physical characteristics couldn’t provide as convenient an excuse; instead, they made religion the pretext for their racism, even though all involved were Catholics and the Irish had been since long before their colonizers’ conversion.
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Cressy, David. "The Protestant Calendar and the Vocabulary of Celebration in Early Modern England." Journal of British Studies 29, no. 1 (January 1990): 31–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/385948.

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Under Elizabeth and the early Stuarts the English developed a relationship to time—current time within the cycle of the year and historical time with reference to the past—that set them apart from the rest of early modern Europe. All countries followed a calendar that was rooted in the rhythms of ancient Europe and that marked the passage of time by reference to the life of Christ and his saints. But only in England was this traditional calendar of Christian holidays augmented by special days honoring the Protestant monarch and the ordeals and deliverances of the national church. In addition to regulating the seasons of work and worship, the calendar in England served as a reminder of the nation's distinctiveness, of God's mercies, and of England's particular religious and dynastic good fortune. Other Protestant communities, most notably the Dutch, enjoyed a comparable myth of historical exceptionalism—a replay of the Old Testament—but no other nation employed the calendar as the English did to express and represent their identity. Early modern England, in this regard, had more in common with modern America, France, or Australia (with Independence Day, Bastille Day, Australia Day, etc.), than with the rest of post-Reformation Europe.This article deals with changes in calendar consciousness and annual festive routines in Elizabethan and Stuart England. It examines the rise of Protestant patriotism, and the shaping of a national political culture whose landmarks were royal anniversaries, the memory of Queen Elizabeth, and commemoration of the Gunpowder Plot. It opens a discussion on the vocabulary of celebration and the degree to which festivity was sponsored and orchestrated in the interest of national consolidation or partisan position. And it will show how calendrical observances that at first helped unite the crown and nation became contentious, politicized, and divisive.
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Safitri, Ragil, and Sugirin Sugirin. "Senior high school students’ attitudes towards intercultural insertion into the ELT: Yogyakarta context." EduLite: Journal of English Education, Literature and Culture 4, no. 2 (September 4, 2019): 261. http://dx.doi.org/10.30659/e.4.2.261-274.

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Experts in English Language Teaching often consider culture as the fifth skill in foreign language learning as cultural literacy is a must in 21st-century learning. Thus, this study is to investigate students’ interest in the insertion of Big ‘C’ and little ‘c’ themes from different countries into the English classroom. In this study, the researcher distributed a questionnaire to 58 students in a senior high school in Yogyakarta. The study indicated that the respondents’ preferences were mostly about local culture (Yogyakarta and Indonesian culture), followed by target culture (culture of English-speaking countries) and international culture. In accordance with the cultural themes, they showed a relatively higher preference toward Big ‘C’ over the little ‘c’ culture. Concerning Indonesian culture, the students were excited in learning about art/literature, history, and food while for Yogyakarta culture includes history, foods, and lifestyles. Meanwhile, for target culture (Britain, America, and Australia), the students were eager to learn about lifestyles and foods. The last, for international culture, the cultural themes of lifestyles and music/sports were preferred by the students.
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Tee, Garry J. "Mathematics in the Pacific Basin." British Journal for the History of Science 21, no. 4 (December 1988): 401–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007087400025322.

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The development of systematic mathematics requires writing, and hence a non-literate culture cannot be expected to advance mathematics beyond the stage of numeral words and counting. The hundreds of languages of the Australian aborigines do not seem to have included any extensive numeral systems. However, the common assertions to the effect that ‘Aborigines have only one, two, many’ derive mostly from reports by nineteenth century Christian missionaries, who commonly understood less mathematics than did the people on whom they were reporting. Of course, in recent decades almost all Aborigines have been involved with the dominant European-style culture of Australia, and even those who are not literate have mostly learned to use English-style numerals and to handle money. Similar qualifications should be understood when speaking of any recent primitive culture.
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Zhou, Ye, and Li Zou. "On Development History of Australia’s Language Policy and the Enlightenment to China’s Foreign Language Education." Theory and Practice in Language Studies 7, no. 5 (May 1, 2017): 366. http://dx.doi.org/10.17507/tpls.0705.06.

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As is well-known, Australia is the first English country to officially make and efficiently carry out multi-lingual and plural culture in the world, whose language education policy has been highly spoken of by most linguists and politicians in the world in terms of the formulation and implementation. By studying such items as affecting factors, development history, implementing strategies of Australian language education policy under the background of multiculturalism, researchers can get a clue of the law of development of the language education policy in the developed countries and even the world. To be specific, through studying the development history of Australian language education policy under the background of multiculturalism, the paper puts forward some enlightenment and presents some advice on the China’s foreign language education.
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GRUNDLINGH, ALBERT. "THE KING'S AFRIKANERS? ENLISTMENT AND ETHNIC IDENTITY IN THE UNION OF SOUTH AFRICA'S DEFENCE FORCE DURING THE SECOND WORLD WAR, 1939–45." Journal of African History 40, no. 3 (November 1999): 351–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021853799007537.

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In contrast to the situation in Commonwealth countries such as Canada and Australia, South Africa's participation in the Second World War has not been accorded a particularly significant place in the country's historiography. In part at least, this is the result of historiographical traditions which, although divergent in many ways, have a common denominator in that their various compelling imperatives have despatched the Second World War to the periphery of their respective scholarly discourses.Afrikaner historians have concentrated on wars on their ‘own’ soil – the South African War of 1899–1902 in particular – and beyond that through detailed analyses of white politics have been at pains to demonstrate the inexorable march of Afrikanerdom to power. The Second World War only featured insofar as it related to internal Afrikaner political developments. Neither was the war per se of much concern to English-speaking academic historians, either of the so-called liberal or radical persuasion. For more than two decades, the interests of English-speaking professional historians have been dominated by issues of race and class, social structure, consciousness and the social effects of capitalism. While the South African War did receive some attention in terms of capitalist imperialist expansion, the Second World War was left mostly to historians of the ‘drum-and-trumpet’ variety. In general, the First and Second World Wars did not appear a likely context in which to investigate wider societal issues in South Africa.
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Ritvo, Harriet. "Reviews of Books:Nature and the English Diaspora: Environment and History in the United States, Canada, Australia, and New Zealand Thomas R. Dunlap." American Historical Review 107, no. 2 (April 2002): 509–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/532311.

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Dermer, Anthony. "Imperial values, national identity." History of Education Review 47, no. 1 (June 4, 2018): 25–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/her-03-2017-0003.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the concept of national identity, as imparted to students by the Western Australia Education Department, in the early part of the twentieth century. By specifically examining The School Paper, as a part of a broader investigation into the teaching of English, this paper interrogates the role “school papers” played in the formation of the citizen subject. Design/methodology/approach This paper draws on all available editions of Western Australia’s Education Department school reader, The School Paper, between 1909 and 1911, and on the Department’s Education Circular publication between the years 1899 and 1911. These are read within the context of the prevailing education philosophy, internationally and domestically, and the extent to which it was shaped by Australia’s cultural heritage and the desire to establish a national identity in the years post-federation. Findings The School Paper featured stories, poems, songs and articles that complimented the goals of the new education. Used in supplement to a revised curriculum weighted towards English classics, The School Paper, provided an important site for citizenship training. This publication pursued dual projects of constructing a specific Australian identity while defining a British imperial identity from which it is informed. Originality/value This research builds on scholarship on the role of school readers in other states in the construction of national identity and the formation of the citizen subject. It is the first research conducted into Western Australia’s school paper, the school reader, and provides a new lens through which to view how the processes of national/imperial identities are carried out and influenced by state-sanctioned study of English.
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McDermid, Jane. "Home and Away: A Schoolmistress in Lowland Scotland and Colonial Australia in the Second Half of the Nineteenth Century." History of Education Quarterly 51, no. 1 (February 2011): 28–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-5959.2010.00309.x.

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Writing in this journal in 1993, Marjorie Theobald examined the history of middle-class women's education in late-eighteenth-century Britain and its transference and adaptation to colonial Australia in the nineteenth century. She questioned both the British historical perception that before the middle of the nineteenth century middle-class parents showed little, if any, interest in their daughters' education, and the Australian assumption that the transplantation of the private female academy (or seminary) was simply a reflection of the scramble for respectability by a small middle class scattered among a convict society. Theobald found that, as in Britain by the early 1800s, these schools—all private and run for profit by the wives and daughters of clergy and other professional men—shared a remarkably similar curriculum, generally advertised as “An English education with the usual accomplishments.” This was not, she argued, an elementary education, but rather was rooted in the liberal arts tradition and had been influenced by the search for stability within a rapidly industrializing Britain. The daughters of the British middle classes were to be taught how to deploy their learning discreedy, to ensure that it was at the service of their domestic role and civilizing influence.
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Lambert, J. "Colonial Voices: A Cultural History of English in Australia 1840-1940. By Joy Damousi (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2010. 326 pp.)." Journal of Social History 45, no. 3 (November 1, 2011): 848–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jsh/shr105.

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