Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Sondes actives'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 37 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Sondes actives.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
Ottenwelter, Roxane. "Sondes pour la détection de formes actives de l'oxygène in vivo." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLS201.
Full textReactive oxygen species (hydrogen peroxide, hydroxyl and superoxide radicals) are produced when the regulation of oxygen metabolism is disrupted. These species are directly or indirectly responsible for numerous oxidative damage at the molecular level (nucleic acids, proteins, lipids, etc.) which can affect cellular mechanisms. However, hydrogen peroxide could also behave as a secondary messenger in various signaling pathways and be the source of physiological processes. Thus its dual function has aroused the interest of many laboratories which are now trying to elucidate its role and its degree of involvement in physiological and pathological processes. In order to detect hydrogen peroxide, many pro-probes have been developed, based on a boronate trigger. Most of these probes proved able to detect an oxidative stress in cellulo but suffer from lack of reactivity. The goal of my thesis project was to improve the reactivity of the trigger by developing pro-probes with a borinate trigger. In spite of difficulties of synthesis, we obtained such a pro-probe with a borinate trigger, dissymmetrical, and bearing both a phenyl and a coumarin substituent, chosen as chromophore. Kinetic studies have shown that the reactivity of our borinate pro-probe is 100 times higher than that of the current boronate-based trigger pro-probe, under physiological conditions. A reaction mechanism has been proposed. Finally, our pro-probe has been validated in cellulo on macrophages, activated with PMA for the endogenous detection of hydrogen peroxide. Encouraged by these results, we are currently synthesizing other pro-probes with borinate trigger presenting other chromophores
Mollet, Oriane. "Sondes actives en champ proche pour la plasmonique et la plasmonique quantique." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00767888.
Full textSonnefraud, Yannick. "Développement et applications de sondes actives en microscopie en champ proche optique." Phd thesis, Grenoble 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007GRE10248.
Full textLn near-field optical microcsopy (NSOM), an active tip uses a single nanoparticle's luminescence as source of light to image a sample. Such probe should allow one to reach a lateral optical resolution only limited by the size of the particle. Implementing an active tip faces three main issues: a suitable near-field environment, and particles displaying suitable emission characteristics have to be available, and eventually those particles have to be attached at the end of a standard NSOM tip. During this thesis, a NSOM/confocal microscope designed for such applications has been developped. Imaging experiments using a single CdSe nanocrystal have been presented. Prospective studies on other particles fit for such applications are presented : doped rare-earths oxides and nanodiamonds (diameter smaller than 25 nm) doped by col or center
Sonnefraud, Yannick. "Développement et applications de sondes actives en microscopie en champ proche optique." Phd thesis, Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00188794.
Full textNous avons développé un microscope dual confocal/NSOM adapté à l'étude et l'utilisation de telles nanoparticules. A l'aide de ce microscope, nous avons acquis des images construites en utilisant la fluorescence d'un nanocristal de CdSe/ZnSe unique (~ 4 nm) rapporté en extrémité d'une pointe NSOM normale comme source de lumière. Le caractère intermittent de cette fluorescence, combiné avec le photoblanchiment de ces nanocristaux, ont empêché de reconstruire des images complètes permettant de quantifier la résolution latérale atteinte. Notre recherche s'est ensuite portée vers la caractérisation d'autres nanoparticules dont la luminescence ne présente ni blanchiment, ni clignotement. Le premier type de particules présentant ces caractéristiques sont des agrégats de YAG :Ce3+ produits par LECBD, d'une taille inférieure à 5 nm. Nous décrivons les premières caractérisations optiques de ces nanoparticules. La seconde alternative réside dans les nanoparticules de diamant dopées avec des centres NV. Nous avons démontré que notre dispositif permet de sélectionner les nano-diamants qui sont fluorescents, de mesurer leur taille et, dans le cas des particules fluorescentes, de déterminer celles qui hébergent un seul centre NV unique dont l'état de charge est de plus déterminé in situ. Nous montrons ainsi que notre NSOM détecte aisément le centre NV unique dans une nanoparticule de diamant de 25 nm. Cette démonstration ouvre la perspective de pouvoir utiliser une telle particule mais de taille arbitrairement petite comme source de lumière.
Cuche, Aurélien. "Sondes actives pour l'optique en champ proche à base de nanoparticules isolantes ou de nanodiamants fluorescents." Phd thesis, Grenoble 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009GRE10286.
Full textIn the « aperture NSOM » configuration, the optical resolution is limited to 50-100 nm in the best cases. In order to probe the optical properties of systems which exhibit dimensions at the nanoscale, a better optical resolution would be advantageous. To reach this goal, we suggest the use of an optical active probe. This kind of probe is based on a fluorescent nano-emitter grafted at the apex of a classical dielectric optical probe. The resolution expected in the optical near-field should be ultimately only limited by the size of the nano-object, that is well below 50 nm. On the basis of previous works done in our laboratory, we present here two new methods for obtaining such optical active probes. These new probes involve two complementary kinds of nanoparticles with attractive sizes and good optical properties (like high emission rate in the visible and excellent photostability). The first method implies YAG nanoparticles synthesized and deposited at the apex of a probe using LECBD (Low Energy Cluster Beam Deposition). The second approach is based on the in situ selection of a nanodiamond hosting color centers (NV) which is attached onto the tip with the help of a charged polymer. Finally, we report on the realization of a room-temperature scanning single-photon probe based on a 20 nm nanodiamond hosting a single NV center, which has been successfully used for NSOM imaging. Such tips should ultimately offer a better resolution than classical optical near-field probes, and should also open new perspectives in various fields like quantum optics/plasmonics or high-resolution, high-sensitivity magnetometry
Cuche, Aurélien. "Sondes actives pour l'optique en champ proche à base de nanoparticules isolantes ou de nanodiamants fluorescents." Phd thesis, Grenoble 1, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00456562.
Full textChevalier, Nicolas. "Sondes actives à base d'un nanocristal semi-conducteur unique pour l'optique en champ proche : concept et réalisation." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005GRE10029.
Full textThe probe commonly used in aperture NSOM consists of a sub-wavelength aperture at the apex of a metal coated sharp dielectric tip, allowing to reach an optical resolution of the order of the aperture size (50 nm). A promising concept consists in replacing the aperture b a subwavelength sized active medium as small as one single molecule or semiconductor nanoparticle. In this scheme, the active probe offers the possibility to obtain a very high resolution defined by the size of the active nano-object. We have developed a method to realizl active optical tips for use in near-field optics with the goal of making photostable light nanosources working at room temperature and potentially able to offer optical resolution in the 10 nm range. A metal-coated optical tip is covered with a thin PMMA layer stained with CdSe nanocrystals or nanorods at low density. For this purpose, specially designed optical tips have been prepared using chemical etching and subsequent aluminium coating of optical fibres. They have a free optical aperture at the apex in the 200 nm range. The timeevolution of the spectral signature of the active tips together with temporal analysis of their emission rate in a photon-counting mode clearly demonstrate that a very small number of nanoparticles - possibly down to only one - are active at the tip apex for suitable CdSe dilution rates. The spectral and temporal behaviour of the active tips has been confirmed by studying the emission of single nanonanoparticle dispersed in thin PMMA films using a home-made confocal microscope. NSOM imaging of test surfaces using these active tips are in progress
Glówka, Eliza. "Encapsulation des sondes fluorogéniques et de molécules pharmacologiquement actives dans des nanoparticules pour augmenter la capture cellulaire." Thesis, Nancy 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009NAN10065/document.
Full textPolymeric nanoparticles have been considered to have the potential to improve drug delivery to the desired site of action and to enable delivery of poorly soluble, poorly absorbed or unstable drugs. In this work, two types of active substances have been chosen for encapsulation in polymeric nanoparticles: fluorogenic probes for intracellular targeting of the reduced glutathione (GSH), namely ortho-phthaldialdehyde (OPA) and naphthalene-2,3-dicarboxaldehyde (NDA), as well as salmon calcitonin (sCT) which is a polypeptide hormone. The probe or sCT-loaded nanoparticles were obtained using a simple or double emulsion solvent evaporation method, respectively. The obtained nanoparticles were thoroughly characterized, e.g. in terms of the size, zeta potential, encapsulation efficiency, drug (probe) release, cytotoxicity or microscopic morphology and thermal properties. NDA-loaded nanoparticles were incubated with yeast cells and intracellular NDA-GSH adduct levels increased by about 9-times in comparison with the free probe. In the case of sCT, the in vivo study was conducted in rats, and it was demonstrated that after subcutaneous injection of sCT-loaded nanoparticles, elevated serum sCT levels could be sustained for 3 days. In conclusion, the active molecules incorporated in polymeric nanoparticles achieved the better cellular uptake (NDA) and bioavailability (sCT) that the non encapsulated ones
Glówka, Eliza Maincent Philippe Lulek Janina. "Encapsulation des sondes fluorogéniques et de molécules pharmacologiquement actives dans des nanoparticules pour augmenter la capture cellulaire." S. l. : S. l. : S. n. ; S. n, 2009. http://www.scd.uhp-nancy.fr/docnum/SCD_T_2009_0065_GLOWKA.pdf.
Full textThèse soutenue en co-tutelle. Titre provenant de l'écran-titre.
Martin, Alexandra. "Détection et quantification d’acides nucléiques par l’intercalation de sondes électro-actives appliquée à l’intégration d’approches d’amplifications isothermes in vitro." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCC233/document.
Full textNucleic acids detection and quantification via electro-active probes intercalation applied to the integration of in-vitro isothermal amplification reactions. Detection and quantification of pathogenic agents through their DNA has become increasingly important in applications such as molecular diagnostics and food safety control to environmental monitoring. Routinely, these analyses are performed using optical quantitative PCR method by coupling the in vitro DNA amplification reaction PCR with fluorescent detection. However, it requires the use of a thermocycler as well as the integration of optical instrumentation leading to a bulky and expensive apparatus, unable to process turbid or colored samples. In order to circumvent these limitations, an alternative electrochemical monitoring method for PCR, based on the use of electro-active probes preferentially binding to double stranded DNA, has been proposed and developed at the LEM. A pre-industrial demonstrator developed in partnership with the start-up Easy Life Science allows the parallelization of real time electrochemical PCR measurements in a custom-made 48 wells plate. This work deals with the thermic regulation problem by replacing PCR by two alternatives isothermal DNA amplification methods. First, the LAMP (Loop Mediated Isothermal Amplification), known to be highly efficient and specific, is combined to an electrochemical detection through the use of a panel of redox probes in order to obtain analytical performances competing with the standard optical techniques. Secondly an isothermal amplification method with a simpler mechanism than LAMP, based on the recycling of the products of an HCR (Hybridization Chain Reaction), is also proposed. Finally, a new miniaturized plate integrating, to date, one hundred low volume (≤ μL) electrochemical cells as well as the corresponding potentiostat are presented. The novelty of this plate relies on its very low cost fabrication process based on the simple assembly of screen-printed films. Although the results presented were at room temperature, in the long term, it is envisioned to monitor isothermal amplification reactions in a “digital” manner
Alawar, Maya. "Micromachining and Packaging of Smart Probes for mmW on-Wafer Measurements." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lille (2022-....), 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024ULILN036.
Full textAdvanced silicon technologies, such as BiCMOS B55X from STMicroelectronics, which target fT/fmax cutoff frequencies above 400 GHz, are enabling the development of silicon circuits in the 140-220 GHz range (G-band). To validate these technologies, microwave characterization methods for on-wafer measurements are essential to extract the figures of merit of transistors, passive circuitry and associated parasitics. However, broadband circuits like noise sources (NS), noise receivers and impedance tuners at these frequencies are very incompletely covered by the market offer. Previous research demonstrated that embedding measurement functions directly onto silicon in BiCMOS B55 technology is possible, but this in-situ approach or built-in self-test (BIST) has certain limitations, particularly in terms of the silicon surface allocated to the test circuits alone and also because embedded BIST instrumentation cannot be used for another technology.This thesis broadens the applicability of measurement instrumentation beyond the B55X process and aims to reduce testing costs by transitioning from BIST to smart probes. This new approach focuses on integrating measurement functions into compact systems placed as close as possible to the measurement probes for ex-situ measurements.Building on earlier research achievement as part of a previous thesis, the first-ever packaged NS based on SiGe BiCMOS 55-nm technology was developed and characterized in two distinct configurations. In a first flavor, on-wafer noise measurements yielded an extracted excess noise ratio (ENRav) level of 37 dB in the 140-170 GHz. In an alternative approach, the NS was packaged in a split-block with a WR5.1 flange termination for connection to commercial passive probes, achieving an ENRav level of up to 25 dB in 140-220 GHz corresponding to a 12 dB ENR reduction when compared to the on-wafer measurements.To improve on this work, a key achievement of the present thesis is the development of Ground-Signal-Ground (GSG) probes for on-wafer measurements fabricated using femtosecond laser micromachining with a resolution between 5-10 µm. These probes made from 100 µm thick Schott AF32 glass substrate bonded to a 10 µm thick nickel sheet, demonstrate improved mechanical durability and electrical performance. Nickel was chosen for the tip contacts due to its mechanical hardness and superior electrical properties, which minimize contact resistance and extend probe lifespan. Mechanical testing revealed that while glass-only probes failed at a contact force of 196 mN, the nickel-glass probes withstood forces up to 667 mN. Additionally, these probes achieved low-resistance electrical contacts (0.05 Ω above 6 mN), as verified through four-wire measurements on a single contact point.Furthermore, this research introduces a novel substrate technology that integrates an amplified NS B55X chip onto a glass interposer to reduce dielectric and transition losses. Using femtosecond laser micromachining, the interconnects are precisely structured, allowing the integration of the NS chip on the same substrate used to manufacture the coplanar probing tips, with the advantage of simplifying the signal propagation path. This system achieved a tunable ENRav level of up to 29 dB in the 140-170 GHz range, with constant output impedance matching better than -12 dB across the entire frequency band. This innovation allows for the integration of the GSG probes with the NS to perform on-wafer noise measurements.This research opens new possibilities for cost-effective, scalable millimeter-wave active probes for on-wafer measurements. Their adaptable design makes them suitable for diverse applications, advancing circuit characterization and high-frequency semiconductor testing
Kauffmann, Bruno. "Problèmes inverses dans les réseaux." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00824860.
Full textGilet, Nicolas. "Modélisation et calibration des sondes à impédance mutuelle : Application à la sonde MIP à bord de Rosetta et préparation de BepiColombo et JUICE." Thesis, Orléans, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019ORLE3020.
Full textMutual impedance probes operates in space plasma to caracterize the electron density and temperature. Based on active in-situ measurements, they were on-boarded spacecraft in the early 1960s to analyze the terrestrial plasmas. In recent years, they have been used in new plasmas such as the cometary plasma of 67P/Churuymov-Gerasimenko (Rosetta mission, 2004-2016) and will operate in the plasma environment of Mercury (BepiColombo mission, launched in 2018) and Jupiter and its moons (JUICE mission, launch planned for 2022).The main goal of this thesis is to develop new methods to model the instrumental response of these probes in order to take into account the plasma conditions encountered by the exploratory space missions. Thanks to this modeling, it was possible to characterize a mix of several electron populations in the cometary environment of 67P from the RPC-MIP dataset. This modeling also enables to understand and identify the effects of the Rosetta spacecraft on the in-situ measurements. Finally, we modelled the instrumental response in the plasma conditions expected for the PWI/AM2P (resp. RPWI/MIME) probe in the Hermean environment (resp. in the Jovian system). The modeling enables to caracterize the plasma parameters on mutual impedance measurements by choosing the most efficient operational mode and helping the future data processing
Casula, Olivier. "Caracterisation de champs acoustiques par sonde optique heterodyne et par sonde acoustique active." Paris 7, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA077101.
Full textKlausen, Maxime. "Nouvelles sondes moléculaires photo-activées pour la délivrance de principes actifs : de la conception aux applications biologiques." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018BORD0077.
Full textPhotolabile protecting groups (PPGs) have attracted growing interests in many fields of chemistry and biology. Light-induced release of biological agents, commonly known as “uncaging”, has thus emerged as an interesting process for drug delivery or investigation of biological phenomena. Combining this tool with the intrinsic advantages of two-photon (2P) excitation (2PE) in the NIR is however a challenge. In this work, we use different engineering routes towards new efficient 2P uncagers.First we demonstrate that combining quadrupolar 2P light harvesting antennas with suitable uncaging subunits leads to efficient release of active molecules upon 2PE. In these FRET-based systems, gradual adjustments of the constitutive building blocks allowed us to tune key parameters such as photophysical properties, FRET efficiency, and kinetics of photorelease. In particular, coumarin-based tandem systems, in which absorption and emission of the donor-acceptor pair best match, eventually led to record δu values for uncaging of carboxylic acids.We then assessed the critical water-solubility issue by introducing hydrophilic units onto our cooperative PPGs. New hydrophilic and amphiphilic systems, suited for controlled release of neurotransmitters or anti-cancer agents, were designed from our multi-chromophoric systems.Finally, in our effort towards better understanding of the structure-properties relationships in coumarin PPGs, we synthesized a small library of π-extended DEAC cages bearing strong electron-withdrawing moieties, and assessed their efficacy for 2P uncaging of glycine. With this study, a step was made towards rationalization of the uncaging quantum yield in coumarin cages
Bontempi, Alexia. "Microscopie thermique par sonde thermoélectrique." Thesis, Besançon, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015BESA2025/document.
Full textThis PhD thesis deals with the development of a thermalmicroscope using a local probe. This imagingsystem presents two functioning modes that allow determining either surface temperature or thermalproperties of materials. A micro-wire thermocouple is used as a thermal sensor. It is less invasiveand allows measuring the surface temperature with a large temperature range. Furthermore, themicroscope offers an advantage to be less sensitive to the optical nature of a sample surface thanoptical methods. To control the contact between the probe and the surface, a quartz tuning fork hasbeen used as a force sensor. An original excitation system has been developed based on the photothermaleffect. The microscope works also as a SThM since it permits to extract simultaneouslytopographical and thermal pictures (2 and 3 omega periodical modes). Results underlining themicro-thermocouple advantages, in terms of topographical compared to resistive probe techniquesfunctioning with the 3 omega method, have been obtained
Carme, Christian. "Absorption acoustique active dans les cavités." Aix-Marseille 2, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987AIX22109.
Full textSanchez, Olvera Raul. "Développement d'une sonde multiparamètres à bas coût pour les eaux marines et continentales." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Toulouse (2023-....), 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024TLSES108.
Full textObserving the ocean is crucial for enhancing our comprehension of the impact climate change has on its metabolism, carbon uptake, primary production, and many other parameters directly linked to human society and all forms of life. While remote sensing delivers extremely valuable data, in-situ sensors are still essential for understanding the complex physical and biogeochemical processes. Various sensors are available on the market that can perform the required measurements, such as Argo floats: these floats are capable of making vertical profiles in the water column while measuring Conductivity, Temperature, and Depth. Biogeochemical-Argo (BGC) floats have recently added parameters such as oxygen, nitrate, chlorophyll, and pH to the list of variables acquired by standard Argo floats. Despite the success of this international program, one of the most limiting factors of these floats is directly related to their cost, which is between 10,000 and 15,000 euros per unit in the case of Argo, and around 100,000 euros for a BGC Argo. With about 40% of the world’s population living within 100 km of the coast, reinforcing our ability to collect data in these key areas is particularly important for improving spatial and temporal measurements. Coastal areas cannot be accurately measured by remote sensing, and are currently not yet routinely covered by the Argo program; this is achieved by various programs and observatories (like COAST-HF). For all these use-cases, oceanographers express the need to have access to affordable, compact, low-power, robust sensors with the ability to operate in-situ in remote locations without human intervention for long periods of time. The OpenProbe project aims to provide a low-cost device to complement these existing in-situ observation systems by developing a low-cost multi-parametric probe that can be integrated into all types of marine vectors (drones, profilers, buoys...). The parameters measured include conductivity, temperature, depth (CTD), dissolved oxygen, chlorophyll a, turbidity, and photosynthetically active radiation. The main objective is to deliver relevant accuracy, resolution, and dynamic range for each parameter to generate useful data, at a fraction of the cost of current solutions like multiparameter sondes. To do so, our approach builds upon the use of Commercial Off-The-Shelf (COTS) components which are repurposed from their primary use and turned into environmental sensors. Integration and marinization are achieved using rapid prototyping techniques like stereolithography, xurography, or overmolding. A modular, open-source/open-hardware strategy ensures that the system can be easily replicated or modified by potential users for specific use-cases, and paves the way towards citizen science projects to increase spatial and temporal coverage of coastal areas. Ultimately, this work demonstrates the capability of building a functional multiparameter probe capable of measuring seven parameters for a manufacturing cost of less than 300€ with adequate performance to generate scientifically meaningful data. This data could, in the near future, contribute to the monitoring of coastal areas, understanding ocean circulation, climate processes, and phenomena related to climate change
Ferreira, Aurea Denise de Sousa Soller. "Tropomiosinas contendo 5-hidroxitriptofano: sondas especificas para interações no filamento fino." Universidade de São Paulo, 2002. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/46/46131/tde-09092014-162645/.
Full textTropomyosin (Tm) is a coiled-coil protein that polymerizes by head-totail interactions in an ionic-strength-dependent manner. In skeletal muscle,Tm interacts with troponin (Tn) to modulate muscle contraction via its Ca2+-dependent repositioning on the actin filament. Since residues 258-275 present a striated muscle-specific pattern atypical for a coiled-coil structure, we produced a total of 18 polymerizable (ASTm) and non-polymerizable (nfTm) versions of recombinant Tm with tryptophan analogues probes incorporated at specific positions near their C-termini. We found three mutants whose fluorescence are specifically sensitive to Tn-binding (position 263), actin-binding (261) or Tm polymerization (269). We used these mutants to: i) quantitatively investigate the ASTm monomer - polymer equilibrium and its dependence on ionic strength and determine a minimum number effective charges involved in stabilizing the head-to-tai/ interaction, ii) demonstrate that amino acid residue 263 of Tm interacts with residues 77-157 of TnT and that neighboring amino acid sequences along the primary structure of TnT modulate this interaction, iii) quantitatively analyze the binding of the ASTm mutants to Tn, in the presence and in the absence of actin and Ca2+; and iv) qualitatively investigate the influence of the head-to-tail overlap in Tm binding to actin and/or Tn.
Nury, Catherine. "Développement d’une sonde de photoaffinité pour la détection sensible de formes actives de Métalloprotéases Matricielles dans des systèmes biologiques complexes." Thesis, Paris 5, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA05P629/document.
Full textA new activity-based probe able to covalently modify the active site of proteases belonging to the matrix metalloprotease family (MMPs) has been developed in this thesis project. The probe was shown to behave as potent inhibitor of several MMPs, with nanomolar Ki values. This probe was also able to modify specifically only the free active site of MMPs, with particular high yields of cross-linking varying from 50 % to 11 %, depending of the MMPs tested. Using radioactivity as means of detection, this probe was able to detect active form of MMPs with a threshold of 1 femtomole. Applied to the study of bronchoalvelolar fluids (BAL) from mice exposed to nanoparticles by a lung aspiration protocol, this probe revealed the presence of the catalytic domain of MMP-12 under its active form, but not in control animals. When used to detect active form of MMPs from extracts obtained from human arteries of patient suffering from atherosclerosis, the probe was not able to detect such MMP active forms. Despite this negative result, the detection of active form of MMP in pathological fluid like BAL has never been reported before this work. Having validated this novel MMP activity-based probe, it will be possible to use it now for detecting MMPs from other pathological fluids or tissues extracts in which MMPs can be good markers of the pathology
Nury, Catherine. "Développement d'une sonde de photoaffinité pour la détection sensible de formes actives de Métalloprotéases Matricielles dans des systèmes biologiques complexes." Phd thesis, Université René Descartes - Paris V, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00868790.
Full textSmith, Peter E. "Model analysis of energy spreading loss off the Carolina Coast for tactical active sonars." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 1998. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA346079.
Full textThesis advisor(s): Robert H. Bourke, James H. Wilson. "March 1998." Includes bibliographical references (p. 181-182). Also available online.
Fondement, Valentin. "Conception d'une sonde diagraphique neutronique dans le cadre de l'exploration et de l'exploitation minière de l'uranium." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Grenoble Alpes, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023GRALY076.
Full textThis PhD in the frame of CEA - ORANO Mining collaboration, aims to develop a new logging tool, based on neutron active interrogation, in the scope of uranium exploration and exploitation. A large amount of its production comes from In situ recovery mines, by leaching chemically the ore in the ground over hundreds of meters. It is mandatory to determine the amount of uranium available, but also the permeability of the sand, to evaluate the profitability. This geological quantity can be assessed from the measurement of the porosity hydrogen that is the volume fraction of water in the rock formation. It is possible to measure this one by using neutron probes. Uranium, and especially its 235 isotope, can also be measured with that kind of logging tools, if they rely on a pulsed neutron generator. This research leads to a new probe design that allows performing the both measurements with a unique cadmium-shielded-helium 3-proportional counter. The generator emits a 50 µs neutron burst every 5 ms (at 200 Hz). In the 800 µs after the salvo we can measure the not-fully-thermalised neutrons, thanks to the cadmium shield acting like a filter. The obtained count is inversely proportional to the hydrogen, and water, environment content. Over the following milliseconds, thermal neutrons of the rock formation will lead to 235U nuclei fissions, which emit in average 2.5 prompt fission neutrons. A chunk of these neutrons is emitted toward our counter, as the neutrons from the generator, fully thermalized after 800 µs, cannot cross the cadmium. Thanks to that double energy-time discrimination, it is possible to measure the prompt fission neutron signal contribution, which is proportional to the uranium concentration. As thermal neutrons are absorbed by the hydrogen content in the environment, we can use the porosity hydrogen measurement to correct the prompt fission neutrons signal from its effect. Furthermore, a parametric study has been conducting, using the Monte-Carlo simulation code MCNP 6.1, to compare the quantities that affect the measurements performances (e.g. diameter, standoff, casing thickness, casing, mudcake thickness, lithology). Finally, the new measurement methods feasibility has been validated through two experimental campaigns: in one hand, the capability of the electronics to handle input count rates in the 106 s-1 yield, during and right after a pulse of the neutron D-T generator. In the other hand, a laboratory model of the neutron probe has been built and tested in a dedicated calibration drum, filled with 1.6 t Fontainebleau sand. An agreement between experiment and computer simulations has been found, which validates the uranium concentration measurement and allows the understanding of the main components of the active background. This study highlighted the contribution of the oxygen 17 activation delayed neutrons, in the water saturated sandstone environments. The signal and noise analysis method were qualified, leading to the first estimations of in situ performances, like the detection limit of the uranium concentration measurement, from 10 to 200 ppm for 3 min of acquisition, for hydrogen porosities ranging respectively from 0 to 40%
A, David Arnaud. "Protéomique fonctionnelle des métalloprotéases naturelles (MMPs) dédiée à la détection des formes actives de MMPs dans des protéomes complexes." Phd thesis, Museum national d'histoire naturelle - MNHN PARIS, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00327187.
Full textBerline, Ivan. "Génération de second harmonique sous pointe métallique : vers un nouveau type de microscopie optique à sonde locale." Phd thesis, École normale supérieure de Cachan - ENS Cachan, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00561846.
Full textMartins, Vanessa. "Relatório de estágio em prática de ensino supervisionada em educação pré-escolar realizada na creche/jardim-de-infância "Quinta dos Sonhos"." Master's thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/11768.
Full textBernard, Mathieu. "Audition active et intégration sensorimotrice pour un robot autonome bioinspiré." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2014. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01023986.
Full textSaniour, Isabelle. "Exploitation des effets électro-optiques pour la sécurité en IRM : applications des liaisons optiques pour des capteurs RF endoluminaux et des sondes de mesure du TAS." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSE1330/document.
Full textThe recent advancement in MRI systems and the increase of the static magnetic field strength were accompanied by a strong concern about the effect of RF electromagnetic fields on patients. The effect can be increased by the use of conductive elements inside the volume coil as in the case of endoluminal coils used to analyze digestive walls. These coils lead to an increase of the local SAR which is induced by RF electric field in the presence of the coaxial cable connecting the coil to the MR system, resulting in strong local heating. Giving that these coils have the potential to present a real benefit to the patient, it worth to overcome these limitations. Accordingly, the first objective of the thesis is the development of a fully optical endoluminal receiver coil. An optical active detuning system has been developed and characterized. The NMR images show a signal-to-noise ratio distribution similar to that obtained with conventional detuning techniques, thus validating the efficiency of the optical detuning. Concerning the electro-optical conversion and the optical transmission of the NMR signal, experiments were performed to overcome constraints related to the use of waveguide for electro-optical conversion by Pockels effect. Moreover, the importance of monitoring global and local SAR during MRI exams remains a need which is not limited only to the endoluminal coils. The second objective of the thesis is then the experimental validation of an electro-optical probe for real-time measurements of RF electric field. This probe can measure the RF electric field in air and in biological media at 3 T and 4.7 T MRI systems and allows the estimation of the local SAR
Dantas, M?rcia Maria Avelino. "Escola ativa como semeadora de sonhos nas turmas multianuais: representa??es das(os) professoras(es) da microrregi?o de Mossor?-RN." Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2010. http://repositorio.ufrn.br:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/14361.
Full textUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte
The issue of multi-classes in schools from the field and methodology for these classes is controversial and contentious, both in terms of teaching, monitoring and organizational, is the perspective of values, training and systematization of public policy. Why the strategy Methodological Active School facing those classes appeared as a significant and exciting topic of research. Thus, it was aimed to apprehend the social representations of active school by teachers (s) to understand the extent to which these representations influence the acceptance and use of the program strategies. Perceiving and analyzing also the various factors related to the management, monitoring and training needs of (the) teachers as alternatives to make this meaningful action. The study focused 112 teachers (s), which for over a year, worked in the program in six municipalities in the micro-region of Rio Grande do Norte / RN - Areia Branca, Bara?na, Grossos, Mossor?, Serra do Mel and Tibau. From this perspective relied on Social Representation Theory and the Theory of the Central Core, attending to the subjectivity of the object searched, inserted in the psychosocial field of knowledge, we opted for multi-methodological approach, using quantitative and qualitative techniques. However, the highlight was a projective technique Free Association of Words from the term Active School is .... The words were systematized by EVOC program, and also applied semi-structured interviews, focusing specific issues that led to trace the socio-demographic profile of (the) participants and wider issues about the object of study. The evocations, justifications and interviews provided the basis for the analysis of the content that followed the steps: formation of the corpus, the composition of the analysis and categorization. The results show the representations an attitude of acceptance and positive appraisal of the participants to the Active School Program. At the core, these representations are objectified around the words "action", "learning", "autonomy" and "interaction". Based on the premise that the representations have a duty to guide the practices and behavior, one can see that the positive attitude of the group favors a systematic methodology and acceptance of the program, but we must look at the changes in management, training, monitoring of (the) teachers (s) and support to schools.
A quest?o das turmas multianuais nas escolas do campo e proposta metodol?gica para essas turmas ? pol?mica e controversa, seja no ponto de vista did?tico, acompanhamento e organizacional, seja na perspectiva de valores, forma??o e sistematiza??o de pol?ticas p?blicas. Motivo que a Estrat?gia Metodol?gica Escola Ativa voltada para aquelas turmas se configurou como uma tem?tica significativa e instigante de pesquisa. Assim, objetivou-se apreender as representa??es sociais de Escola Ativa por professoras(es) para compreender em que medida essas representa??es influenciam na aceita??o e utiliza??o das estrat?gias do programa. Percebendo e analisando, tamb?m, os diversos fatores relacionados ? gest?o, acompanhamento e necessidades formativas dos(as) docentes como alternativas para tornar tal a??o significativa. O estudo privilegiou 112 professoras(es), que h? mais de um ano, atuavam no programa nos seis munic?pios da Microrregi?o de Mossor?/RN Areia Branca, Bara?na, Grossos, Mossor?, Serra do Mel e Tibau. Nessa perspectiva recorreu a Teoria das Representa??es Sociais e na Teoria do N?cleo Central, buscando atender ? subjetividade do objeto pesquisado, inserido no campo psicossocial do conhecimento, optou-se pela abordagem plurimetodol?gica, utilizando-se t?cnicas quantitativas e qualitativas. No entanto, o destaque foi para a t?cnica projetiva Associa??o Livre de Palavras a partir do termo indutor Escola Ativa ?... As evoca??es foram sistematizadas pelo programa EVOC e, tamb?m, se aplicou entrevistas semi-estruturadas, privilegiando quest?es espec?ficas que permitiram tra?ar o perfil sociodemogr?fico das(os) part?cipes e quest?es mais abrangentes sobre o objeto de estudo. As evoca??es, justificativas e as entrevistas serviram de base para a an?lise do conte?do que seguiu as etapas: constitui??o do corpus, composi??o das unidades de an?lise e a categoriza??o. Os resultados revelam nas representa??es uma atitude de aceita??o e valoriza??o positiva dos part?cipes ao Programa Escola Ativa. No n?cleo central, essas representa??es est?o objetivadas em torno das palavras a??o , aprendizagem , autonomia e intera??o . Baseando-se na premissa de que as representa??es t?m como fun??o guiar as pr?ticas e condutas, percebe-se que a atitude positiva do grupo favorece a sistematiza??o e aceita??o da metodologia do programa, mas ? preciso mudan?as no olhar da gest?o, na forma??o, acompanhamento das(os) professoras(es) e no ap?io ?s escolas.
Rizzotto, Francesco. "Approches innovantes pour la préservation et la sécurité des aliments : développement de l'emballage actif et dépistage microbiologique avancé." Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024UPASB036.
Full textFood conservation and safety are major concerns in the agri-food sector. Food lost and waste, due to deterioration and microbial contamination, have a significant economic impact. Additionally, foodborne pathogens pose serious health risks to consumers. Conventional methods for food preservation and microbial analysis have limitations that urgently require innovation. This thesis aims to develop practical and sustainable solutions to enhance food quality and safety. Metallic and metal oxide nanoparticles (NPs) are versatile materials known for their unique properties such as antioxidant, antimicrobial, optical, and catalytic activities. They can be incorporated into packaging films to inhibit microbial growth and extend food shelf life. In this study, NPs were developed by doping TiO2 with iron to obtain Fe2TiO5 NPs, which were found non- cytotoxic as demonstrated on Caco-2 cells. Furthermore, films incorporating Fe2TiO5 into alginate showednomigrationofironortitaniumionsintofood simulants, suggesting their safety as packaging materials. Fe2TiO5 also exhibited strong antioxidant efficacy, confirmed by a fresh fruit preservation test using alginate films containing Fe2TiO5. Alginate, a biodegradable material, offers an alternative to petroleum-based plastics, promoting sustainable food preservation. Two different solutions were studied to develop new methodologies for detecting foodborne pathogens. The first involved a colorimetric test to detect B. cytotoxicus spores, which pose a serious risk due to their resistance to industrial treatments. The detection principle is based on the peroxidase-like catalytic activity of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) enhanced by the spores. The detection platform consists of a tube containing AuNPs and magnetic particles, both conjugated with an aptamer selected for its specificity towards B. cytotoxicus spores. Upon addition of the sample, the presence of spores is indicated by an increased color change of the solution, due to the oxidation of tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) in the presence of H2O2. The developed test enabled rapid and specific naked-eye detection of target spores directly in food items such as milk or mashed potatoes. The second test involved an electrochemical genosensor to detect Campylobacter, the most common cause of foodborne zoonoses. Detection was based on hybridization between a Campylobacter DNA sequence and a complementary DNA probe immobilized on a screen-printed gold electrode. After DNA probe immobilization, passivation with mercaptohexanol was carried out to reduce DNA molecule adsorptionphenomenaontheelectrodeandavoid nonspecific signals The study demonstrated promising detection capabilities. However, challenges regarding surface passivation and detection signal stability underscored the need for further optimizations. Overall, the thesis aims to improve food quality and safety, contribute to a more sustainable food system, and stimulate technological research and development
Fuller, Denise Ann. "Creating Resistance on the Border: Coalitions and Counternarratives to S.B. 1070." The Ohio State University, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1492606102229575.
Full textBolthouse, Colleen R. "Was Ist Silvia? Englanderin Oder Deutsche? Restoring the Orignial English Texts to Songs Schubert Set in Translation, a Lecture Recital, Together with Three Recitals of Selected Works of H. Purcell, G. F. Handel, W. A. Mozart, F. Schubert, J. Brahms, H. Wolf, F. Poulenc and Others." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1995. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc279276/.
Full textDelcor, Laurianne. "Contribution à la modélisation du confort vibratoire et acoustique sous excitations multi-harmoniques en cabine d’hélicoptères." Thesis, Lyon, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LYSEI042.
Full textHelicopters are complex machines generating a significant amount of noise and vibration. It is therefore important for Airbus to be able to specify the discomfort to offer comfortable helicopters to their customers. The literature proposes a standard to quantify vibration comfort from acceleration measurements (ISO2631-1). Concerning noise, internal Airbus studies have been carried out and have shown that noise discomfort can be modelled as a function of loudness, acuity, tone and level in dB(G). Finally, there is no overall discomfort model linking the discomfort of simultaneous sound and vibration stimuli for application to the helicopter. This thesis aims to model global discomfort based on these tools. Several perceptual experiments aimed at evaluating the discomfort of vibratory stimuli in volunteers have been performed. They have shown that the ISO2631-1 standard provides a good estimate of vibratory discomfort. A modification of this standard taking into account the amplitude modulation of accelerations makes it possible to improve the predictive quality in the case of beating phenomena. Similar experiments have been performed in acoustics, where participants evaluated sound stimuli without and with hearing protection. In the first case, the discomfort model developed by Airbus remains valid. A simpler model based on loudness alone allows a better estimation of the sound discomfort. With hearing protectors, the estimation of discomfort is not as direct, the sound signals must first be filtered out by the attenuation of the protectors. This thesis has shown that for helicopter sounds, the attenuation values provided by the manufacturers are too optimistic. Objective attenuation measurements give lower values, in accordance with INRS recommendations. The sound signals are therefore filtered by the attenuations of the protectors provided by the manufacturers penalized according to the INRS. A model based on loudness alone makes it possible to estimate the sound discomfort under hearing protection. However, the coefficients of this model are different from the model obtained for listening without protection. Finally, volunteers estimated the global discomfort for noise and vibrations of helicopters played simultaneously. The results showed that a global discomfort model can be obtained from the noise discomfort indicators and the vibration discomfort indicators. This model is based on a linear regression to which a coupling term was added, in the form of the absolute value of the difference between the noise indicator and the vibration indicator. A simplified model makes it possible to dispense with vibration measurements at the seat and backrest and to estimate discomfort from noise measurements and foot accelerations for a given seat
Gay, Marion. "Conception, synthèse et évaluation de composes interagissant avec la dégradation des protéines pour le traitement de maladies neurodégénératives." Thesis, Lille 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LIL2S056.
Full textTwo physiopathological processes are involved in Alzheimer’s disease: the senile plaques (amyloid pathology) consisting of Aβ peptide aggregates and neurofibrillary tangles (Tau pathology) caused by the accumulation of hyper and abnormal phosphorylated Tau protein. Currently, only symptomatic treatments are available. Therefore, the development of curative drugs is a very active research field. Previous work in the laboratory led to the discovery of a family of compounds (MSBD) which lead-compounds are active on both pathologies of the Alzheimer’s disease. A drug candidate, AZP2006, emerged from that research and is currently in phase 1 clinical trials. Investigations on the identification of the biological target of AZP2006 led to p97/VCP protein, a target that has attracted considerable attention over the last few years for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases (NDD).This PhD thesis deals with three main aspects:1) Study of the interactions between p97/VCP and developed compounds. STD-NMR studies have confirmed the interaction between AZP2006 and p97/VCP, though these preliminary results have to be confirmed by complementary techniques. AZP2006-based chemical probes were designed and synthesized to develop a FRET-based binding assay in order to get a more quantitative characterization of the binding.2) Development of new p97/VCP ligands. Based on previous ligands developed in the laboratory, a pharmacophore model was built. Subsequent, virtual screening and de novo design led to the identification of several chemical structures. Four families were synthesized and tested in vitro showing a good effect on Aβ peptides secretion and APP metabolism. These compounds are being tested on Tau hyperphosphorylation. The binding to p97/VCP was confirmed by STD-NMR.3) Development of multi target compounds acting on both the two pathology of Alzheimer disease and acetylcholinesterase (AChE). Activities of these compounds were validated in vitro (inhibition of AChE, Aβ peptides secretion, APP metabolism and Tau). In vivo, one of the compounds increased cognitive performance in two mice transgenic models.The results obtained during this PhD confirmed the therapeutic potential of p97/VCP in NDD and proposed new structures for their treatment
Chevalier, Nicolas. "Sondes actives à base d'un nanocristal semiconducteur unique pour l'optique en champ proche: concept et réalisation." Phd thesis, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00009221.
Full textKodedová, Marie. "Studium činnosti mikrobiálních MDR-pump pomocí fluorescenčních sond: stanovení účinku potenciálních inhibitorů." Doctoral thesis, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-299406.
Full textYudkoff, Ambigay. ""When voices meet" : Sharon Katz as musical activist during the apartheid era and beyond." Thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/25340.
Full textArt History, Visual Arts and Musicology
D. Litt. et Phil. (Musicology)