Academic literature on the topic 'Sonar tracking'

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Journal articles on the topic "Sonar tracking"

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Mandić, Filip, Ivor Rendulić, Nikola Mišković, and Đula Nađ. "Underwater Object Tracking Using Sonar and USBL Measurements." Journal of Sensors 2016 (2016): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/8070286.

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In the scenario where an underwater vehicle tracks an underwater target, reliable estimation of the target position is required. While USBL measurements provide target position measurements at low but regular update rate, multibeam sonar imagery gives high precision measurements but in a limited field of view. This paper describes the development of the tracking filter that fuses USBL and processed sonar image measurements for tracking underwater targets for the purpose of obtaining reliable tracking estimates at steady rate, even in cases when either sonar or USBL measurements are not available or are faulty. The proposed algorithms significantly increase safety in scenarios where underwater vehicle has to maneuver in close vicinity to human diver who emits air bubbles that can deteriorate tracking performance. In addition to the tracking filter development, special attention is devoted to adaptation of the region of interest within the sonar image by using tracking filter covariance transformation for the purpose of improving detection and avoiding false sonar measurements. Developed algorithms are tested on real experimental data obtained in field conditions. Statistical analysis shows superior performance of the proposed filter compared to conventional tracking using pure USBL or sonar measurements.
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Coraluppi, S., and C. Carthel. "Distributed tracking in multistatic sonar." IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems 41, no. 3 (July 2005): 1138–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/taes.2005.1541460.

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Diebold, Clarice Anna, Angeles Salles, and Cynthia F. Moss. "Adaptive Echolocation and Flight Behaviors in Bats Can Inspire Technology Innovations for Sonar Tracking and Interception." Sensors 20, no. 10 (May 23, 2020): 2958. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20102958.

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Target tracking and interception in a dynamic world proves to be a fundamental challenge faced by both animals and artificial systems. To track moving objects under natural conditions, agents must employ strategies to mitigate interference and conditions of uncertainty. Animal studies of prey tracking and capture reveal biological solutions, which can inspire new technologies, particularly for operations in complex and noisy environments. By reviewing research on target tracking and interception by echolocating bats, we aim to highlight biological solutions that could inform new approaches to artificial sonar tracking and navigation systems. Most bat species use wideband echolocation signals to navigate dense forests and hunt for evasive insects in the dark. Importantly, bats exhibit rapid adaptations in flight trajectory, sonar beam aim, and echolocation signal design, which appear to be key to the success of these animals in a variety of tasks. The rich suite of adaptive behaviors of echolocating bats could be leveraged in new sonar tracking technologies by implementing dynamic sensorimotor feedback control of wideband sonar signal design, head, and ear movements.
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Park, J. Daniel, and John F. Doherty. "A Steganographic Approach to Sonar Tracking." IEEE Journal of Oceanic Engineering 44, no. 4 (October 2019): 1213–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/joe.2018.2847160.

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Rukmani, Dr K. V., Lt Dr D. Antony Arul Raj, Ms Lakshana V, Mr Ravishinu G, and Mr Gokul K. "Biomimetic Sonar Innovation Inspired from Dolphins: A Comprehensive Review." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 12, no. 4 (April 30, 2024): 921–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2024.59836.

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Abstract: The sonar of dolphins has evolved over millions of years and has attained outstanding performance levels. Using the exceptional performance of the dolphins’ sonar as an impetus, bio-inspired wideband acoustic sensing approaches for underwater target recognition and tracking are under development. In this study, we have sight seen what they expect to extract as a gain from such a wideband sonar. The systems wideband sensors are grounded on bottlenose dolphins’ sonar, encapsulating a frequency band from about 30 to 150 kHz and having a frequency reliant on beamwidth substantially larger than that of conventional imaging sonars. The system can be made fairly compact and apt for mounting on diverse platforms including small-scale autonomous underwater automobiles to permit the sonar to function in an analogous way to that used by dolphins. In this paper, we have highlighted the mechanism and applications of the sonar innovation in various domains along with the ongoing developments with regard to it.
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Karpov, Konstantin A., Andrew Lauermann, Mary Bergen, and Michael Prall. "Accuracy and Precision of Measurements of Transect Length and Width Made with a Remotely Operated Vehicle." Marine Technology Society Journal 40, no. 3 (September 1, 2006): 79–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4031/002533206787353196.

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Remotely operated vehicles (ROVs) have been used to estimate the density of fish and invertebrates on strip transects. However, there is little published information about the accuracy and precision of measurements of transect length and width, a critical component of the density estimate. In this study, we evaluate straight line constant velocity protocols, the accuracy and precision of estimates of transect length from ultra short baseline acoustic tracking, and compare measurements of transect width based on sonar and lasers. When ROV tracking was compared to distances measured on sonar maps, the difference between linear tracked and mapped distance (|LDt-LDm|) averaged 1.7 ± 0.5 m. The error was not significantly different with distance. Our navigation protocols allowed us to maintain relatively constant heading and speed. Distance computed from velocity exceeded mapped distance by 2-4 m. The error was not significantly different with distance. Measurements of transect width made with lasers and sonar were comparable, particularly when the ROV was within 4 m of the substrate. Based on our data, ROV tracking can be used to measure transect length within 2 m. If tracking fails, distance can be estimated from velocity within 2-4 m. Sonar can be used to measure transect width with considerable cost savings.
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Guo, Yu, Yalin Li, Haoyang Tan, Zenghui Zhang, Junxiang Ye, and Chaoqi Ren. "Research on Target Tracking Simulation System Framework for Multi-Static Sonar Buoys." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2486, no. 1 (May 1, 2023): 012097. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2486/1/012097.

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Abstract In the modern war, with the improvement of the target mobility, the increase of the diversity of the target platform, the decrease in the radiation noise of underwater targets, active sonar technology is becoming increasingly important in the underwater target detection. The data processing has also been continuously improved. Especially with the development of information technology in the modern warfare, the target tracking technology is highly valued by various countries around the world, and it has now become a very important field of research. This article proposes a general tracking framework based on the Multi-Static Sonar Buoys System and a variety of tracking algorithms. It lays the foundation for further completing the multi-target tracking simulation system.
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Kuc, Roman. "Three-dimensional tracking using qualitative bionic sonar." Robotics and Autonomous Systems 11, no. 3-4 (December 1993): 213–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0921-8890(93)90026-9.

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Yan, Jun, Junxia Meng, and Jianhu Zhao. "Real-Time Bottom Tracking Using Side Scan Sonar Data Through One-Dimensional Convolutional Neural Networks." Remote Sensing 12, no. 1 (December 20, 2019): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs12010037.

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As one of the most commonly used acoustic systems in seabed surveys, the altitude of the side scan sonar from the seafloor is always difficult to determine, especially when raw signal levels and gain information are unavailable. The inaccurate sonar altitudes would limit the applications of sonar image geocoding, target detection, and sediment classification. The sonar altitude can be obtained by using bottom tracking methods, but traditional methods often require manual thresholds or complex post-processing procedures, which cannot ensure accurate and real-time bottom tracking. In this paper, a real-time bottom tracking method of side scan data is proposed based on a one-dimensional convolution neural network. First, according to the characteristics of side scan backscatter strength sequences, positive (bottom sequences) and negative (water column and seabed sequences) samples are extracted to establish the sample sets. Second, a one-dimensional convolution neural network is carefully designed and trained by using the sample set to recognize the bottom sequences. Third, a complete processing procedure of the real-time bottom tracking method is established by traversing each side scan ping data and recognizing the bottom sequences. The auxiliary methods for improving real-time performance and sample data augmentation are also explained in detail. The proposed method is implemented on the measured side scan data from the marine area in Meizhou Bay. The trained network model achieves a 100% recognition of the initial sample set as well as 100% bottom tracking accuracy of the training survey line. The average bottom tracking accuracy of the testing survey lines excluding missed pings reaches 99.2%. By comparison with multi-beam bathymetric data and the statistical analysis of real-time performance, the experimental results prove the validity and accuracy of the proposed real-time bottom tracking method.
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Yao, Yu, Junhui Zhao, and Lenan Wu. "Doppler Data Association Scheme for Multi-Target Tracking in an Active Sonar System." Sensors 19, no. 9 (April 29, 2019): 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19092003.

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In many wireless sensors, the target kinematic states include location and Doppler information that can be observed from a time series of range and velocity measurements. In this work, we present a tracking strategy for comprising target velocity components as part of the measurement supplement procedure and evaluate the advantages of the proposed scheme. Data association capability can be considered as the key performance for multi-target tracking in an active sonar system. Then, we proposed an enhanced Doppler data association (DDA) scheme which exploits target range and target velocity components for linear multi-target tracking. If the target velocity measurements are not incorporated into target kinematic state tracking, the linear filter bank for the combination of target velocity components can be implemented. Finally, a significant enhancement in the multi-target tracking capability provided by the proposed DDA scheme with the linear multi-target combined probabilistic data association method is demonstrated in a sonar underwater scenario.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Sonar tracking"

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Walters, C. R. "An investigation into frequency tracking based on graph-theoretic partitioning." Thesis, Cranfield University, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.339808.

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Westman, Peter, and Mikael Andersson. "Design of behavior classifying and tracking system with sonar." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-11495.

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The domain below the surface in maritime security is hard to monitor with conventional methods, due to the often very noisy environment. In conventional methods the measurements are thresholded in order to distinguish potential targets. This is not always a feasible way of treating measurements. In this thesis a system based on raw measurements, that are not thresholded, is presented in order to track and classify divers with an active sonar. With this system it is possible to detect and track weak targets, even with a signal to noise ratio that often goes below 0 dB.

The system in this thesis can be divided into three parts: the processing of measurements, the association of measurements to targets and the classification of targets. The processing of measurements is based on a particle filter using Track Before Detect (TBD). Two algorithms for association of measurements, Joint Probabilistic Data Association (JPDA) and Highest Probability Data Association (HPDA), have been implemented. The classification of targets is done using an assumed novel approach. The system is evaluated by doing simulations with approximately 8 hours of recorded data, where divers are present at nine different times. The simulations are done a number of times to catch The classification rate is high and the false alarm rate is low.


Undervattensdomänen är svår att övervaka i marina säkerhetssystem med sedvanliga metoder, på grund av den brusiga miljön. I traditionella metoder trösklas mätningarna för att urskilja potentiella mål. Detta är inte alltid ett godtagbart sätt att behandla mätningar på. I den här rapporten presenteras ett system baserat på behandling av rå mätdata, som inte trösklas, för att spåra och klassificera dykare med en aktiv sonar. Med detta system är det möjligt att detektera och spåra svaga mål, trots att signal till brus förhållandet ofta går under 0 dB.

Systemet i den här rapporten kan delas upp i tre delar: behandling av mätningar, association av mätningar till mål samt klassificering av mål. Behandlingen av mätningarna görs med ett partikelfilter som använder Track Before Detect (TBD). Två algoritmer för associering av mätningar, Joint Probabilistic Data Association (JPDA) och Highest Probability Data Association (HPDA), har implementerats. Klassificeringen av mål görs med en egenutvecklad metod som inte har hittats i existerande dokumentation. Systemet utvärderas genom att simuleringar görs på ungefär 8 timmar inspelad data, där dykare är närvarande vid nio olika tillfällen. Simuleringarna görs ett antal gånger för att fånga upp stokastiska beteenden. Andelen lyckade klassificeringar är hög och andelen falsklarm är låg.

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Maxwell, Jason S. "A Low-cost Solution to Motion Tracking Using an Array of Sonar Sensors and an Inertial Measurement Unit." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1248829018.

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Krout, David Wayne. "Intelligent ping sequencing for multiple target tracking in distributed sensor fields /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/6045.

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Ege, Emre. "A Comparative Study Of Tracking Algorithms In Underwater Environment Using Sonar Simulation." Master's thesis, METU, 2007. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/2/12608866/index.pdf.

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Target tracking is one the most fundamental elements of a radar system. The aim of target tracking is the reliable estimation of a target'
s true state based on a time history of noisy sensor observations. In real life, the sensor data may include substantial noise. This noise can render the raw sensor data unsuitable to be used directly. Instead, we must filter the noise, preferably in an optimal manner. For land, air and surface marine vehicles, very successful filtering methods are developed. However, because of the significant differences in the underwater propagation environment and the associated differences in the corresponding sensors, the successful use of similar principles and techniques in an underwater scenario is still an active topic of research. A comparative study of the effects of the underwater environment on a number of tracking algorithms is the focus of the present thesis. The tracking algorithms inspected are: the Kalman Filter, the Extended Kalman Filter and the Particle Filter. We also investigate in particular the IMM extension to KF and EKF filters. These algorithms are tested under several underwater environment scenarios.
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Ogden, George Lloyd. "Extraction of Small Boat Harmonic Signatures From Passive Sonar." PDXScholar, 2010. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/728.

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This thesis investigates the detection and classification of small boats using a passive sonar system. Noise radiated from a small boats consists of broadband noise and harmonically related tones that correspond to parameters in the boats engine and propeller. A novel signal processing method for detection and discrimination of noise radiated from small boats has been developed. There are two main components to the algorithm. The first component detects the presence of small boats by the harmonic tonals radiated from the boat propeller and engine. The second component was designed to extract the a signature from passive sonar data. The Harmonic Extraction and Analysis Tool (HEAT) was designed to estimate the fundamental frequency of the harmonic tones, track the fundamental frequency using a Kalman filter, and automatically extract the amplitudes of the harmonic tonals to generate a harmonic signature for the boat. The algorithm is shown to accurately extract theses signatures, and results show that the signatures are unique enough that the same boat passing by the hydrophone multiple times can be recognized.
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Smith, Duncan. "An evolutionary approach to optimising neural network predictors for passive sonar target tracking." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2009. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/26870.

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Object tracking is important in autonomous robotics, military applications, financial time-series forecasting, and mobile systems. In order to correctly track through clutter, algorithms which predict the next value in a time series are essential. The competence of standard machine learning techniques to create bearing prediction estimates was examined. The results show that the classification based algorithms produce more accurate estimates than the state-of-the-art statistical models. Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) and K-Nearest Neighbour were used, demonstrating that this technique is not specific to a single classifier.
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Lum, Raymond Hon Kit. "Integrated perception, modeling, and control paradigm for bistatic sonar tracking by autonomous underwater vehicles." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/78195.

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Thesis (Sc. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, 2012.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 357-364).
In this thesis, a fully autonomous and persistent bistatic anti-submarine warfare (ASW) surveillance solution is developed using the autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs). The passive receivers are carried by these AUVs, and are physically separated from the cooperative active sources. These sources are assumed to be transmitting both the frequency-modulated (FM) and continuous wave (CW) sonar pulse signals. The thesis then focuses on providing novel methods for the AUVs/receivers to enhance the bistatic sonar tracking performance. Firstly, the surveillance procedure, called the Automated Perception, is developed to automatically abstract the sensed acoustical data from the passive receiver to the track report that represents the situation awareness. The procedure is executed sequentially by two algorithms: (i) the Sonar Signal Processing algorithm - built with a new dual-waveform fusion of the FM and CW signals to achieve reliable stream of contacts for improved tracking; and (ii) the Target Tracking algorithm - implemented by exploiting information and environmental adaptations to optimize tracking performance. Next, a vehicular control strategy, called the Perception-Driven Control, is devised to move the AUV in reaction to the track report provided by the Automated Perception. The thesis develops a new non-myopic and adaptive control for the vehicle. This is achieved by exploiting the predictive information and environmental rewards to optimize the future tracking performance. The formulation eventually leads to a new information-theoretic and environmental-based control. The main challenge of the surveillance solution then rests upon formulating a model that allows tracking performance to be enhanced via adaptive processing in the Automated Perception, and adaptive mobility by the Perception-Driven Control. A Unified Model is formulated in this thesis that amalgamates two models: (i) the Information-Theoretic Model - developed to define the manner at which the FM and CW acoustical, the navigational, and the environmental measurement uncertainties are propagated to the bistatic measurement uncertainties in the contacts; and (ii) the Environmental-Acoustic Model - built to predict the signal-to-noise power ratios (SNRs) of the FM and CW contacts. Explicit relationships are derived in this thesis using information theory to amalgamate these two models. Finally, an Integrated System is developed onboard each AUV that brings together all the above technologies to enhance the bistatic sonar tracking performance. The system is formulated as a closed-loop control system. This formulation provides a new Integrated Perception, Modeling, and Control Paradigm for an autonomous bistatic ASW surveillance solution using AUVs. The system is validated using the simulated data, and the real data collected from the Generic Littoral Interoperable Network Technology (GLINT) 2009 and 2010 experiments. The experiments were conducted jointly with the NATO Undersea Research Centre (NURC).
by Raymond Hon Kit Lum.
Sc.D.
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Manyika, James. "An information-theoretic approach to data fusion and sensor management." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1993. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:6e6dd2a8-1ec0-4d39-8f8b-083289756a70.

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The use of multi-sensor systems entails a Data Fusion and Sensor Management requirement in order to optimize the use of resources and allow the synergistic operation of sensors. To date, data fusion and sensor management have largely been dealt with separately and primarily for centralized and hierarchical systems. Although work has recently been done in distributed and decentralized data fusion, very little of it has addressed sensor management. In decentralized systems, a consistent and coherent approach is essential and the ad hoc methods used in other systems become unsatisfactory. This thesis concerns the development of a unified approach to data fusion and sensor management in multi-sensor systems in general and decentralized systems in particular, within a single consistent information-theoretic framework. Our approach is based on considering information and its gain as the main goal of multi-sensor systems. We develop a probabilistic information update paradigm from which we derive directly architectures and algorithms for decentralized data fusion and, most importantly, address sensor management. Presented with several alternatives, the question of how to make decisions leading to the best sensing configuration or actions, defines the management problem. We discuss the issues in decentralized decision making and present a normative method for decentralized sensor management based on information as expected utility. We discuss several ways of realizing the solution culminating in an iterative method akin to bargaining for a general decentralized system. Underlying this is the need for a good sensor model detailing a sensor's physical operation and the phenomenological nature of measurements vis-a-vis the probabilistic information the sensor provides. Also, implicit in a sensor management problem is the existence of several sensing alternatives such as those provided by agile or multi-mode sensors. With our application in mind, we detail such a sensor model for a novel Tracking Sonar with precisely these capabilities making it ideal for managed data fusion. As an application, we consider vehicle navigation, specifically localization and map-building. Implementation is on the OxNav vehicle (JTR) which we are currently developing. The results show, firstly, how with managed data fusion, localization is greatly speeded up compared to previous published work and secondly, how synergistic operation such as sensor-feature assignments, hand-off and cueing can be realised decentrally. This implementation provides new ways of addressing vehicle navigation, while the theoretical results are applicable to a variety of multi-sensing problems.
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Sengun, Ermeydan Esra. "Detection And Tracking Of Dim Signals For Underwater Applications." Master's thesis, METU, 2010. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12612213/index.pdf.

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Detection and tracking of signals used in sonar applications in noisy environment is the focus of this thesis. We have concentrated on the low Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) case where the conventional detection methods are not applicable. Furthermore, it is assumed that the duty cycle is relatively low. In the problem that is of concern the carrier frequency, pulse repetition interval (PRI) and the existence of the signal are not known. The unknown character of PRI makes the problem challenging since it means that the signal exists at some unknown intervals. A recursive, Bayesian track-before-detect (TBD) filter using particle filter based methods is proposed to solve the concerned problem. The data used by the particle filter is the magnitude of a complex spectrum in complex Gaussian noise. The existence variable is added in the design of the filter to determine the existence of the signal. The evolution of the signal state is modeled by a linear stochastic process. The filter estimates the signal state including the carrier frequency and PRI. Simulations are done under different scenarios where the carrier frequency, PRI and the existence of the signal varies. The results demonstrate that the algorithm presented in this thesis can detect signals which cannot be detected by conventional methods. Besides detection, the tracking performance of the filter is satisfying.
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Books on the topic "Sonar tracking"

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Read, Robert R. An investigation of timing synchronization errors for tracking underwater vehicles. Monterey, Calif: Naval Postgraduate School, 1990.

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Hartley, Chet A. A computer simulation study of station keeping by an autonomous submersible using bottom-tracking sonar. Monterey, California: Naval Postgraduate School, 1988.

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Jagoo, Zafrullah. Tracking Solar Concentrators. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6104-9.

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R, Auelmann Richard, Richard Herbert L, Society of Photo-optical Instrumentation Engineers., and University of Alabama in Huntsville. Center for Applied Optics., eds. Acquisition, tracking, and pointing: 3-4 April 1986, Orlando, Florida. Bellingham, Wash: SPIE--the International Society for Optical Engineering, 1987.

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Appelbaum, Joseph. Solar radiation on Mars: Tracking photovoltaic array. [Washington, DC]: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1994.

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J, Flood Dennis, Crutchik Marcos, and United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., eds. Solar radiation on Mars: Tracking photovoltaic array. [Washington, DC]: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1994.

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Center, Lewis Research, ed. Design and optimization of a self-deploying single axis tracking PV array. Cleveland, Ohio: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Lewis Research Center, 1992.

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A, Cooper Paul, Ayers J. Kirk, and Langley Research Center, eds. Structural dynamic interaction with solar tracking control for evolutionary space station concepts. Hampton, Va: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Langley Research Center, 1992.

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la, Beaujardiere Odile de, Watermann Jurgen, and United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., eds. Study of auroral dynamics with combined spacecraft and incoherent scatter radar data: Final report. Menlo Park, Calif: SRI International, 1994.

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United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., ed. Evaluation of Kapton Pyrolysis, arc tracking, and arc propagation on the Space Station Freedom (SST) Solar Array Flexible Current Carrier (FCC). [Washington, DC: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1991.

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Book chapters on the topic "Sonar tracking"

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Campbell, Karen A., and Roderick A. Suthers. "Predictive Tracking of Horizontally Moving Targets by the Fishing Bat, Noctilio Leporinus." In Animal Sonar, 501–6. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-7493-0_51.

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Borden, Brett. "Phase Monopulse Tracking and Its Relationship to Noncooperative Target Recognition." In Radar and Sonar, 45–55. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-7832-7_5.

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Peng, Wei, Jingchuan Wang, and Weidong Chen. "Tracking Control of Human-Following Robot with Sonar Sensors." In Intelligent Autonomous Systems 14, 301–13. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-48036-7_22.

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Shao, Pengfei, Lei Wang, and Yihui Pan. "Bistatic Active Sonar Bayesian Sequential Automatic Detection and Tracking." In Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, 89–99. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-3927-3_9.

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Xie, Shaorong, Jinbo Chen, Jun Luo, Pu Xie, and Wenbin Tang. "Detection and Tracking of Underwater Object Based on Forward-Scan Sonar." In Intelligent Robotics and Applications, 341–47. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-33509-9_33.

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Ye, Xiufen, and Xinglong Ma. "Improved Multi-object Tracking Algorithm for Forward Looking Sonar Based on Rotation Estimation." In Intelligent Robotics and Applications, 171–83. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-27532-7_15.

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Grabek, Jakub, and Bogusław Cyganek. "Underwater Object Tracking with 2D Sonar Signals Preprocessed Using the Virtual High-Dynamic Range Enhancement Method." In Software Engineering Application in Systems Design, 628–36. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-21435-6_53.

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Kazimierski, Witold, and Grzegorz Zaniewicz. "Analysis of the Possibility of Using Radar Tracking Method Based on GRNN for Processing Sonar Spatial Data." In Rough Sets and Intelligent Systems Paradigms, 319–26. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-08729-0_32.

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Jagoo, Zafrullah. "Solar Tracking." In Tracking Solar Concentrators, 17–47. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6104-9_3.

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Jagoo, Zafrullah. "Solar Concentrators." In Tracking Solar Concentrators, 49–61. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6104-9_4.

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Conference papers on the topic "Sonar tracking"

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Blanding, W. R., P. K. Willett, Y. Bar-Shalom, and R. S. Lynch. "Covert sonar tracking." In 2005 IEEE Aerospace Conference. IEEE, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/aero.2005.1559497.

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Coraluppi, Stefano P., and Doug Grimmett. "Multistatic sonar tracking." In AeroSense 2003, edited by Ivan Kadar. SPIE, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.486894.

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MALMO, O., and M. STEINSET. "ACOUSTIC STREAMER TRACKING - AST 030." In Sonar Signal Processing 1989. Institute of Acoustics, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.25144/21688.

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Tena Ruiz, I. "Tracking objects in underwater multibeam sonar images." In IEE Colloquium on Motion Analysis and Tracking. IEE, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ic:19990581.

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Musicki, Darko, Xuezhi Wang, Richard Ellem, and Fiona Fletcher. "Efficient Active Sonar Multitarget Tracking." In OCEANS 2006 - Asia Pacific. IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/oceansap.2006.4393935.

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Coraluppi, Stefano, Craig Carthel, David Hughes, Alberto Baldacci, and Michele Micheli. "Multi-waveform active sonar tracking." In 2007 International Waveform Diversity and Design Conference. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/wddc.2007.4339460.

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Coraluppi, Stefano, Craig Carthel, and Rich Prengaman. "Wide-Area Multistatic Sonar Tracking." In 2021 IEEE 24th International Conference on Information Fusion (FUSION). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/fusion49465.2021.9626888.

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WALTERS, CR. "FREQUENCY TRACKING BASED ON A DYNAMIC PROGRAMMING SEARCH OF POTENTIAL TRACKS." In Sonar Signal Processing 1995. Institute of Acoustics, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.25144/20150.

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Clark, D., I. T. Ruiz, Y. Petillot, and J. Bell. "Multiple target tracking and data association in sonar images." In IEE Seminar on Target Tracking: Algorithms and Applications. IEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ic:20060567.

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WOODWARD, B. "PRINCIPLES OF TRACKING BIO-SONAR SOURCES UNDERWATER." In Underwater Bio-Sonar and Bioacoustics Symposium 1997. Institute of Acoustics, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.25144/19172.

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Reports on the topic "Sonar tracking"

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Mathews, Sunil. An Efficient Implementation of a Batch-Oriented, Multitarget, Multidimensional Assignment Tracking Algorithm with Application to Passive Sonar. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, April 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada544581.

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Hubbell, Ryan, Travis Lowder, Michael Mendelsohn, and Karlynn Cory. Renewable Energy Finance Tracking Initiative (REFTI) Solar Trend Analysis. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1052498.

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Fox, E., Thomas B. Edwards, and Michael D. Drory. South Carolina Solar Development - Tracking the Effects of Act 236 (2014-2017). Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1439435.

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Anna, Jessica. Tracking Photochemical and Photophysical Processes for Solar Energy Conversion Via Multidimensional Visible and Vibrational Spectroscopic Methods. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1971655.

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Stern, M., G. Duran, G. Fourer, K. Mackamul, W. Whalen, M. van Loo, and R. West. Development of a low-cost integrated 20-kW-AC solar tracking subarray for grid-connected PV power system applications. Final technical report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/656846.

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Menicucci, D. F., and J. P. Fernandez. Estimates of available solar radiation and photovoltaic energy production for various tilted and tracking surfaces throughout the US based on PVFORM, a computerized performance model. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5964928.

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Stern, M., R. West, G. Fourer, W. Whalen, M. Van Loo, and G. Duran. Development of a low-cost integrated 20-kW ac solar tracking sub- array for grid-connected PV power system applications. Phase 1, Annual technical report, 11 July 1995--31 July 1996. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/549670.

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Casper, Gary, Stefanie Nadeau, and Thomas Parr. Acoustic amphibian monitoring, 2019 data summary: Isle Royale National Park. National Park Service, December 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/2295506.

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Abstract:
Amphibians are a Vital Sign indicator for monitoring long-term ecosystem health in seven national park units that comprise the Great Lakes Network. We present here the results for 2019 amphibian monitoring at Isle Royale National Park (ISRO). Appendices contain tabular summaries for six years of cumulative results. The National Park Service Great Lakes Inventory and Monitoring Network established 10 permanent acoustic amphibian monitoring sites at ISRO in 2015. Acoustic samples are collected by placing automated recorders with omnidirectional stereo microphones at each of the 10 sampling sites. Temperature loggers co-located with the recorders also collect air temperature during the sampling period. The monitoring program detected all seven species of frog and toad known to occur at ISRO in 2019, with Eastern American Toad, Green Frog and Spring Peeper occurring at almost every site sampled, and Wood Frog at six sites. Gray Treefrog, Mink Frog, and Boreal Chorus Frog were found at only one or two sites each. Northern Leopard Frog has yet to be confirmed at ISRO in this GLKN monitoring program. We expanded analyses and reporting in 2018 to address calling phenology and to provide a second metric for tracking changes in abundance (as opposed to occupancy) across years. Occupancy analyses track whether or not a site was occupied by a species. Abundance is tracked by assessing how the maximum call intensity changes on sites across years, and by how many automated detections are reported from sites across years. Using two independent survey methods, manual and automated, with large sample sizes continues to return reliable results, providing a confident record of site occupancy for most species. There were no significant data collection issues in 2019. Three units stopped collecting data early but these data gaps did not compromise sampling rigor or analysis. Since temperature logs show that the threshold of ≥40°F was often exceeded by 1 April in 2019, making 15 March a start date for data collection may be considered if park personnel feel snow and ice cover would be reduced enough by that date as well. We do recommend making sure that temperature logger solar shields in future are not hanging in such a manner as to be banging against anything in a breeze, as this contaminates the soundscape
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Casper, Gary, Stefanie Nadeau, and Thomas Parr. Acoustic amphibian monitoring, 2019 data summary: Pictured Rocks National Lakeshore. National Park Service, December 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/2295509.

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Amphibians are a Vital Sign indicator for monitoring long-term ecosystem health in seven national park units that comprise the Great Lakes Network. We present here the results for 2019 amphibian monitoring at Pictured Rocks National Lakeshore (PIRO). Appendices contain tabular summaries for six years of cumulative results. The National Park Service Great Lakes Inventory and Monitoring Network established 10 permanent acoustic amphibian monitoring sites at PIRO in 2013. Acoustic samples are collected by placing automated recorders with omnidirectional stereo microphones at each of the 10 sampling sites. Temperature loggers co-located with the recorders also collect air temperature during the sampling period. We expanded analyses and reporting in 2018 to address calling phenology and to provide a second metric for tracking changes in abundance across years. Occupancy analyses track whether or not a site was occupied by a species. Abundance is tracked by assessing how the maximum call intensity changes on sites across years, and by how many automated detections are reported from sites across years. Using two independent survey methods, manual and automated, with large sample sizes continues to return reliable results, providing a confident record of site occupancy for most species. The monitoring program detected five of the six species of frog and toad known to occur at PIRO in 2019, with Eastern American Toad, Gray Treefrog, Green Frog, and Spring Peeper occurring at almost every site sampled. Wood Frog was found at five sites. Mink Frog is known to occur at Sand Point but has never been confirmed at sites monitored by this GLKN program. Additional species of potential occurrence remain hypothetical (i.e., Northern Leopard Frog). The only significant data collection issue in 2019 was at PIRO02, where the equipment recorded only intermittently resulting in only partial data analysis possible. Remaining sites successfully collected data as programmed. Cumulative program result summaries since inception are provided in appendices. Temperature logs in 2019 showed that the threshold of ≥40°F was uniformly exceeded by 1 May, hence we recommend making 10 April the target start date for data collection in future. This could be accomplished by fall deployment of recorders on delayed starts. We also recommend making sure that recorders are mounted 6–10 feet high to better survey the soundscape with less interference from foliage, and that temperature loggers be placed within solar shields.
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