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Journal articles on the topic 'Somniosus Microcephalus'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 10 March 2023

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1

MacNeil, M. A., B. C. McMeans, N. E. Hussey, P. Vecsei, J. Svavarsson, K. M. Kovacs, C. Lydersen, et al. "Biology of the Greenland shark Somniosus microcephalus." Journal of Fish Biology 80, no. 5 (April 2012): 991–1018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.2012.03257.x.

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2

Yano, K., J. D. Stevens, and L. J. V. Compagno. "Distribution, reproduction and feeding of the Greenland shark Somniosus (Somniosus) microcephalus, with notes on two other sleeper sharks, Somniosus (Somniosus) pacificus and Somniosus (Somniosus) antarcticus." Journal of Fish Biology 70, no. 2 (February 2007): 374–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.2007.01308.x.

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3

Russo, Roberta, Daniela Giordano, Gianluca Paredi, Francesco Marchesani, Lisa Milazzo, Giovanna Altomonte, Pietro Del Canale, et al. "The Greenland shark Somniosus microcephalus—Hemoglobins and ligand-binding properties." PLOS ONE 12, no. 10 (October 12, 2017): e0186181. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0186181.

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4

Nielsen, Julius, Rasmus B. Hedeholm, Arve Lynghammar, Leon M. McClusky, Bjørn Berland, John F. Steffensen, and Jørgen S. Christiansen. "Assessing the reproductive biology of the Greenland shark (Somniosus microcephalus)." PLOS ONE 15, no. 10 (October 7, 2020): e0238986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0238986.

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5

Augustine, Starrlight, Konstadia Lika, and Sebastiaan A. L. M. Kooijman. "Comment on the ecophysiology of the Greenland shark, Somniosus microcephalus." Polar Biology 40, no. 12 (July 5, 2017): 2429–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00300-017-2154-8.

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6

Carter, Anthony M., and Hiroaki Soma. "Viviparity in the longest-living vertebrate, the Greenland shark (Somniosus microcephalus)." Placenta 97 (August 2020): 26–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.placenta.2020.05.014.

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7

Бородавкина, М. В., Н. В. Чернова, and Н. А. Чекменева. "О новых случаях регистрации гренландской полярной акулы Somniosus microcephalus в Карском море." Вопросы ихтиологии 59, no. 4 (2019): 487–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s0042875219030020.

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8

Cotronei, Salvatore, Karla Pozo, Ondřej Audy, Petra Přibylová, and Simonetta Corsolini. "Contamination Profile of DDTs in the Shark Somniosus microcephalus from Greenland Seawaters." Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 101, no. 1 (May 29, 2018): 7–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00128-018-2371-z.

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9

Strid, Anna, Christoffer Bruhn, Ed Sverko, Jörundur Svavarsson, Gregg Tomy, and Åke Bergman. "Brominated and chlorinated flame retardants in liver of Greenland shark (Somniosus microcephalus)." Chemosphere 91, no. 2 (April 2013): 222–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2012.12.059.

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10

Borodavkina, M. V., N. V. Chernova, and N. A. Chekmeneva. "About New Findings of the Greenland Shark Somniosus microcephalus in the Kara Sea." Journal of Ichthyology 59, no. 4 (July 2019): 623–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s0032945219030020.

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11

Nielsen, J., R. B. Hedeholm, J. Heinemeier, P. G. Bushnell, J. S. Christiansen, J. Olsen, C. B. Ramsey, et al. "Eye lens radiocarbon reveals centuries of longevity in the Greenland shark (Somniosus microcephalus)." Science 353, no. 6300 (August 11, 2016): 702–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.aaf1703.

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12

Herbert, N. A., P. V. Skov, B. Tirsgaard, P. G. Bushnell, R. W. Brill, C. Harvey Clark, and J. F. Steffensen. "Blood O2 affinity of a large polar elasmobranch, the Greenland shark Somniosus microcephalus." Polar Biology 40, no. 11 (June 20, 2017): 2297–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00300-017-2142-z.

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13

Strid, Anna, Hrönn Jörundsdóttir, Olaf Päpke, Jörundur Svavarsson, and Åke Bergman. "Dioxins and PCBs in Greenland shark (Somniosus microcephalus) from the North-East Atlantic." Marine Pollution Bulletin 54, no. 9 (September 2007): 1514–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2007.04.018.

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14

Nielsen, Julius, Rasmus B. Hedeholm, Malene Simon, and John F. Steffensen. "Distribution and feeding ecology of the Greenland shark (Somniosus microcephalus) in Greenland waters." Polar Biology 37, no. 1 (October 10, 2013): 37–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00300-013-1408-3.

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15

Hussey, Nigel E., Aurelie Cosandey-Godin, Ryan P. Walter, Kevin J. Hedges, Melanie VanGerwen-Toyne, Amanda N. Barkley, Steven T. Kessel, and Aaron T. Fisk. "Juvenile Greenland sharks Somniosus microcephalus (Bloch & Schneider, 1801) in the Canadian Arctic." Polar Biology 38, no. 4 (November 6, 2014): 493–504. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00300-014-1610-y.

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16

Walter, Ryan P., Denis Roy, Nigel E. Hussey, Björn Stelbrink, Kit M. Kovacs, Christian Lydersen, Bailey C. McMeans, et al. "Origins of the Greenland shark (Somniosus microcephalus ): Impacts of ice-olation and introgression." Ecology and Evolution 7, no. 19 (September 8, 2017): 8113–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ece3.3325.

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17

Ferrando, S., L. Gallus, L. Ghigliotti, M. Vacchi, J. Nielsen, J. S. Christiansen, and E. Pisano. "Gross morphology and histology of the olfactory organ of the Greenland shark Somniosus microcephalus." Polar Biology 39, no. 8 (December 23, 2015): 1399–409. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00300-015-1862-1.

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18

Lydersen, Christian, Aaron T. Fisk, and Kit M. Kovacs. "A review of Greenland shark (Somniosus microcephalus) studies in the Kongsfjorden area, Svalbard Norway." Polar Biology 39, no. 11 (April 29, 2016): 2169–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00300-016-1949-3.

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19

Ferrando, S., L. Gallus, L. Ghigliotti, M. Vacchi, A. Amaroli, J. Nielsen, J. S. Christiansen, and E. Pisano. "Anatomy of the olfactory bulb in Greenland shark Somniosus microcephalus (Bloch & Schneider, 1801)." Journal of Applied Ichthyology 33, no. 2 (February 8, 2017): 263–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jai.13303.

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20

Anthoni, Uffe, Carsten Christophersen, Lone Gram, Niels H. Nielsen, and Per Nielsen. "Poisonings from flesh of the Greenland shark Somniosus microcephalus may be due to trimethylamine." Toxicon 29, no. 10 (January 1991): 1205–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0041-0101(91)90193-u.

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21

Leclerc, Lisa-Marie, Christian Lydersen, Tore Haug, Kevin A. Glover, Aaron T. Fisk, and Kit M. Kovacs. "Greenland sharks (Somniosus microcephalus) scavenge offal from minke (Balaenoptera acutorostrata) whaling operations in Svalbard (Norway)." Polar Research 30, no. 1 (January 2011): 7342. http://dx.doi.org/10.3402/polar.v30i0.7342.

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22

Harvey-Clark, Chris J., Jeffrey J. Gallant, and John H. Batt. "Vision and its Relationship to Novel Behaviour in St. Lawrence River Greenland Sharks, Somniosus microcephalus." Canadian Field-Naturalist 119, no. 3 (July 1, 2005): 355. http://dx.doi.org/10.22621/cfn.v119i3.145.

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Rarely observed Greenland Sharks, Somniosus microcephalus, were recorded at shallow depths by divers employing underwater video in the St. Lawrence River, in association with a seasonal concentration of Capelin (Mallotus villosus) in May-June 2003. We recorded unique proximity-induced display motor patterns in these sharks, which have not been recorded in underwater observations of Arctic Greenland Sharks. Arctic sharks have a high incidence of blindness due to an ocular copepod parasite, Ommatokoita elongata. The absence of parasite-induced blindness in St. Lawrence Greenland Sharks, in contrast to endemic blindness in the Arctic population, may allow sharks in this region to more readily visually recognize the presence of conspecifics and potential prey. Improved visual acuity may therefore allow St. Lawrence River sharks to express a different behavioural repertoire than Arctic sharks, with resulting changes in intra- and inter-specific aggression and predatory behaviour.

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23

Fujiwara, Yoshihiro, Yasuyuki Matsumoto, Takumi Sato, Masaru Kawato, and Shinji Tsuchida. "First record of swimming speed of the Pacific sleeper shark Somniosus pacificus using a baited camera array." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 101, no. 2 (March 2021): 457–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315421000321.

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AbstractThe Pacific sleeper shark Somniosus pacificus is one of the largest predators in deep Suruga Bay, Japan. A single individual of the sleeper shark (female, ~300 cm in total length) was observed with two baited camera systems deployed simultaneously on the deep seafloor in the bay. The first arrival was recorded 43 min after the deployment of camera #1 on 21 July 2016 at a depth of 609 m. The shark had several remarkable features, including the snout tangled in a broken fishing line, two torn anteriormost left-gill septums, and a parasitic copepod attached to each eye. The same individual appeared at camera #2, which was deployed at a depth of 603 m, ~37 min after it disappeared from camera #1 view. Finally, the same shark returned to camera #1 ~31 min after leaving camera #2. The distance between the two cameras was 436 m, and the average groundspeed and waterspeed of the shark were 0.21 and 0.25 m s−1, respectively, which were comparable with those of the Greenland shark Somniosus microcephalus (0.22–0.34 m s−1) exhibiting the slowest comparative swimming speed among fish species adjusted for size. The ambient water temperature of the Pacific sleeper shark was 5.3 °C, which is considerably higher than that of the Greenland shark (~2 °C). Such a low swimming speed might be explained by the ‘visual interactions hypothesis’, but it is not a consequence of the negative effects of cold water on their locomotor organs.

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24

Ademollo, N., L. Patrolecco, J. Rauseo, J. Nielsen, and S. Corsolini. "Bioaccumulation of nonylphenols and bisphenol A in the Greenland shark Somniosus microcephalus from the Greenland seawaters." Microchemical Journal 136 (January 2018): 106–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.microc.2016.11.009.

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25

Santaquiteria, Aintzane, Julius Nielsen, Terje Klemetsen, Nils P. Willassen, and Kim Præbel. "The complete mitochondrial genome of the long-lived Greenland shark (Somniosus microcephalus): characterization and phylogenetic position." Conservation Genetics Resources 9, no. 3 (January 31, 2017): 351–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12686-016-0676-y.

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26

McMeans, Bailey C., Michael T. Arts, and Aaron T. Fisk. "Impacts of food web structure and feeding behavior on mercury exposure in Greenland Sharks (Somniosus microcephalus)." Science of The Total Environment 509-510 (March 2015): 216–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.01.128.

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27

Corsolini, Simonetta, Stefania Ancora, Nicola Bianchi, Giacomo Mariotti, Claudio Leonzio, and Jørgen S. Christiansen. "Organotropism of persistent organic pollutants and heavy metals in the Greenland shark Somniosus microcephalus in NE Greenland." Marine Pollution Bulletin 87, no. 1-2 (October 2014): 381–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2014.07.021.

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28

Molde, Kristine, Tomasz M. Ciesielski, Aaron T. Fisk, Christian Lydersen, Kit M. Kovacs, Eugen G. Sørmo, and Bjørn M. Jenssen. "Associations between vitamins A and E and legacy POP levels in highly contaminated Greenland sharks (Somniosus microcephalus)." Science of The Total Environment 442 (January 2013): 445–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.10.012.

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29

Stokesbury, Michael J. W., Chris Harvey-Clark, Jeffrey Gallant, Barbara A. Block, and Ransom A. Myers. "Movement and environmental preferences of Greenland sharks (Somniosus microcephalus) electronically tagged in the St. Lawrence Estuary, Canada." Marine Biology 148, no. 1 (July 21, 2005): 159–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00227-005-0061-y.

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30

Fisk, AT, C. Lydersen, and KM Kovacs. "Archival pop-off tag tracking of Greenland sharks Somniosus microcephalus in the High Arctic waters of Svalbard, Norway." Marine Ecology Progress Series 468 (November 14, 2012): 255–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/meps09962.

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31

McMeans, Bailey C., Michael T. Arts, Christian Lydersen, Kit M. Kovacs, Haakon Hop, Stig Falk-Petersen, and Aaron T. Fisk. "The role of Greenland sharks (Somniosus microcephalus) in an Arctic ecosystem: assessed via stable isotopes and fatty acids." Marine Biology 160, no. 5 (February 22, 2013): 1223–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00227-013-2174-z.

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32

Strid, Anna, Ioannis Athanassiadis, Maria Athanasiadou, Jörundur Svavarsson, Olaf Päpke, and Åke Bergman. "Neutral and phenolic brominated organic compounds of natural and anthropogenic origin in northeast Atlantic Greenland shark (Somniosus microcephalus)." Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 29, no. 12 (October 1, 2010): 2653–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/etc.330.

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33

Cosandey-Godin, Aurelie, Elias Teixeira Krainski, Boris Worm, and Joanna Mills Flemming. "Applying Bayesian spatiotemporal models to fisheries bycatch in the Canadian Arctic." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 72, no. 2 (February 2015): 186–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-2014-0159.

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Understanding and reducing the incidence of accidental bycatch, particularly for vulnerable species such as sharks, is a major challenge for contemporary fisheries management. Here we establish integrated nested Laplace approximations (INLA) and stochastic partial differential equations (SPDE) as two powerful tools for modelling patterns of bycatch through time and space. These novel, computationally fast approaches are applied to fit zero-inflated hierarchical spatiotemporal models to Greenland shark (Somniosus microcephalus) bycatch data from the Baffin Bay Greenland halibut (Reinhardtius hippoglossoides) gillnet fishery. Results indicate that Greenland shark bycatch is clustered in space and time, varies significantly from year to year, and there are both tractable factors (number of gillnet panels, total Greenland halibut catch) and physical features (bathymetry) leading to the high incidence of Greenland shark bycatch. Bycatch risk could be reduced by limiting access to spatiotemporal hotspots or by establishing a maximum number of panels per haul. Our method explicitly models the spatiotemporal correlation structure inherent in bycatch data at a very reasonable computational cost, such that the forecasting of bycatch patterns and simulating conservation strategies becomes more accessible.

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34

McMeans, Bailey C., Jörundur Svavarsson, Susan Dennard, and Aaron T. Fisk. "Diet and resource use among Greenland sharks (Somniosus microcephalus) and teleosts sampled in Icelandic waters, using δ13C, δ15N, and mercury." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 67, no. 9 (September 2010): 1428–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f10-072.

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Stable carbon (δ13C) and nitrogen (δ15N) isotopes and total mercury (Hg) were used to investigate diet and resource use among Greenland sharks ( Somniosus microcephalus ) and 14 teleosts inhabiting Icelandic waters. Greenland shark stomachs contained 11 of the teleosts sampled, along with other fishes and marine mammal tissues. Teleost resource use ranged from pelagic (e.g., Argentina silus ) to benthic (e.g., Anarhichas lupus ) based on δ13C, and relative trophic positions (TP, based on δ15N) ranged from 3.0 ( Mallotus villosus ) to 3.8 (e.g., Brosme brosme ). Greenland shark δ13C indicated feeding on benthic and pelagic resources, with a high input of pelagic carbon, and δ15N indicated a relative TP of 4.3. Log[Hg] increased with δ15N (i.e., TP) from teleosts to Greenland sharks and was higher in offshore vs. inshore teleosts. Linear regressions revealed that log[Hg] was better described by both δ15N and δ13C-assigned resource use than by δ15N alone. Hg was useful for supporting the TPs suggested by δ15N, and the higher Hg in offshore fishes could help explain the high Hg of Greenland sharks. Results from this study demonstrated the potential use of Hg as a dietary tracer in marine fishes.

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35

Gallant, Jeffrey J., Marco A. Rodriguez, Michael J. W. Stokesbury, and Chris Harvey-Clark. "Influence of Environmental Variables on the Diel Movements of the Greenland Shark (Somniosus microcephalus) in the St. Lawrence Estuary." Canadian Field-Naturalist 130, no. 1 (January 1, 2016): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.22621/cfn.v130i1.1784.

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The geographic distribution of the Greenland Shark (Somniosus microcephalus) extends from the Arctic Ocean to the North Atlantic Ocean. However, little is known about the habitat of this species, as it is generally found at great depths or in the High Arctic. In the St. Lawrence Estuary, Greenland Sharks undertake diel vertical movements into shallow water (≤ 30 m), but the reasons for these movements are unknown. To test the hypothesis that environmental variables drive the movements of this shark in the St. Lawrence Estuary, eight Greenland Sharks were tagged with acoustic telemetry transmitters during the summer of 2005. Three environmental factors, temperature, light, and tides, were associated with their movements. Movement patterns indicate a preference for deep, cold water during daylight hours and shallow, warmer water during the night. Ascending into shallow water mostly coincided with darkness and high tide. This improved understanding of the spatio-temporal distributionof the Greenland Shark will allow for assessment of the risk to these sharks from commercial fisheries, as occurs in the Greenland Halibut (Reinhardtius hippoglossoides) longline fishery. In addition, temperature-driven behavioural patterns may change as the thermal structure of the water column shifts due to global warming.

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36

Steeves, Holly N., Bailey Mcmeans, Chris Field, Connie Stewart, Michael T. Arts, Aaron T. Fisk, Christian Lydersen, Kit M. Kovacs, and M. Aaron Macneil. "Non-parametric analysis of the spatio-temporal variability in the fatty-acid profiles among Greenland sharks." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 98, no. 3 (October 28, 2016): 627–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002531541600148x.

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Shifting prey distributions due to global warming are expected to generate dramatic ecosystem-wide changes in trophic structure within Arctic marine ecosystems. Yet a relatively poor understanding of contemporary Arctic food webs makes it difficult to predict the consequences of such changes for Arctic predators. Doing so requires quantitative approaches that can track contemporary changes in predator diets through time, using accurate, well-defined methods. Here we use fatty acids (FA) to quantify differences in consumer diet using permutational multivariate analysis of variance tests that characterize spatial and temporal changes in consumer FA signatures. Specifically we explore differences in Greenland shark (Somniosus microcephalus) FA to differentiate their potential trophic role between Svalbard, Norway and Cumberland Sound, Canada. Greenland shark FA signatures revealed significant inter-annual differences, probably driven by varying seal and Greenland halibut responses to environmental conditions such as the NAO, bottom temperature, and annual sea-ice extent. Uncommon FA were also found to play an important role in driving spatial and temporal differences in Greenland shark FA profiles. Our statistical approach should facilitate quantification of changing consumer diets across a range of marine ecosystems.

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37

Davis, Brendal, David L. VanderZwaag, Aurelie Cosandey-Godin, Nigel E. Hussey, Steven T. Kessel, and Boris Worm. "The Conservation of the Greenland Shark (Somniosus microcephalus): Setting Scientific, Law, and Policy Coordinates for Avoiding a Species at Risk." Journal of International Wildlife Law & Policy 16, no. 4 (October 2013): 300–330. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13880292.2013.805073.

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38

McMeans, Bailey C., Michael T. Arts, and Aaron T. Fisk. "Similarity between predator and prey fatty acid profiles is tissue dependent in Greenland sharks (Somniosus microcephalus): Implications for diet reconstruction." Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 429 (November 2012): 55–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jembe.2012.06.017.

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39

Corsolini, Simonetta, Karla Pozo, and Jørgen S. Christiansen. "Legacy and emergent POPs in the marine fauna of NE Greenland with special emphasis on the Greenland shark Somniosus microcephalus." Rendiconti Lincei 27, S1 (July 5, 2016): 201–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12210-016-0541-7.

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40

Grant, Scott M., Jenna G. Munden, and Kevin J. Hedges. "Effects of monofilament nylon versus braided multifilament nylon gangions on catch rates of Greenland shark (Somniosus microcephalus) in bottom set longlines." PeerJ 8 (December 3, 2020): e10407. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.10407.

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The Greenland shark (Somniosus microcephalus) is the main bycatch species in established and exploratory inshore longline fisheries for Greenland halibut (Reinhardtius hippoglossoides) on the east coast of Baffin Island, Canada. Bycatch and entanglement in longline gear has at times been substantial and post-release survival is questionable when Greenland sharks are released with trailing fishing gear. This study investigated the effect of the type of fishing line used in the gangion and gangion breaking strength on catch rates of Greenland shark and Greenland halibut in bottom set longlines. Circle (size 14/0, 0° offset) hooks were used throughout the study. Behavior of captured sharks, mode of capture (i.e., jaw hook and/or entanglement), level of entanglement in longline gear, time required to disentangle sharks and biological information (sex, body length and health status) were recorded. Catch rates of Greenland shark were independent of monofilament nylon gangion breaking strength and monofilament gangions captured significantly fewer Greenland sharks than the traditional braided multifilament nylon gangion. Catch rates and body size of Greenland halibut did not differ significantly between gangion treatments. Although most (84%) of the Greenland sharks were hooked by the jaw, a high percentage (76%) were entangled in the mainline. The mean length of mainline entangled around the body and/or caudal peduncle and caudal fin was 28.7 m. Greenland sharks exhibited cannibalistic behavior with 15% of captured sharks cannibalized. All remaining sharks were alive and survived the disentanglement process which can be attributed to their lethargic behavior and lack of resistance when hauled to the surface. Thus, as a conservation measure fishers should be encouraged to remove trailing fishing gear prior to release. Our results are used to demonstrate benefits to the fishing industry with regard to an overall reduction in the period of time to disentangle sharks and damage to fishing gear by switching from braided multifilament to monofilament gangions in Greenland halibut longline fisheries.

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41

Rusyaev, S. M., and A. M. Orlov. "Bycatches of the greenland shark Somniosus microcephalus (Squaliformes, Chondrichthyes) in the barents sea and the adjacent waters under bottom trawling data." Journal of Ichthyology 53, no. 1 (January 2013): 111–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s0032945213010128.

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42

Chernova, N. V., E. V. Smirnova, and E. V. Raskhozheva. "First record of the Greenland shark Somniosus microcephalus (Squaliformes: Somniosidae) in the Siberian Arctic with notes on its distribution and biology." Journal of Ichthyology 55, no. 6 (November 2015): 827–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s0032945215060053.

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43

Lu, Zhe, Aaron T. Fisk, Kit M. Kovacs, Christian Lydersen, Melissa A. McKinney, Gregg T. Tomy, Bruno Rosenburg, Bailey C. McMeans, Derek C. G. Muir, and Charles S. Wong. "Temporal and spatial variation in polychlorinated biphenyl chiral signatures of the Greenland shark (Somniosus microcephalus) and its arctic marine food web." Environmental Pollution 186 (March 2014): 216–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2013.12.005.

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44

Campana, Steven E., Aaron T. Fisk, and A. Peter Klimley. "Movements of Arctic and northwest Atlantic Greenland sharks ( Somniosus microcephalus ) monitored with archival satellite pop-up tags suggest long-range migrations." Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography 115 (May 2015): 109–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2013.11.001.

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45

Borucinska, J. D., G. W. Benz, and H. E. Whiteley. "Ocular lesions associated with attachment of the parasitic copepod Ommatokoita elongata (Grant) to corneas of Greenland sharks, Somniosus microcephalus (Bloch & Schneider)." Journal of Fish Diseases 21, no. 6 (November 1998): 415–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2761.1998.00122.x.

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46

Hussey, Nigel E., Jack Orr, Aaron T. Fisk, Kevin J. Hedges, Steven H. Ferguson, and Amanda N. Barkley. "Mark report satellite tags (mrPATs) to detail large-scale horizontal movements of deep water species: First results for the Greenland shark (Somniosus microcephalus)." Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers 134 (April 2018): 32–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr.2018.03.002.

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Mc Nicholl, Darcy G., Les N. Harris, Tracey Loewen, Peter May, Lilian Tran, Russell Akeeagok, Kevin Methuen, et al. "Noteworthy occurrences among six marine species documented with community engagement in the Canadian Arctic." Animal Migration 8, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 74–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ami-2020-0113.

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Abstract Arctic marine ecosystems are changing, one aspect of which appears to be distributional expansions of sub-arctic species. For Arctic marine systems, there is limited occurrence information for many species, especially those found in restricted habitats (e.g., ice-covered, far north, or deep-water). Increasing observations through on-going Fisheries and Oceans Canada (DFO) community-based monitoring programs (e.g., Arctic Coast, Cambridge Bay Arctic Char stock assessment, Arctic Salmon, and Kugluktuk coastal surveys), community observation networks, and local media have augmented opportunities to document new occurrences of marine fishes. Combined data from historical records and contemporary observations at the local scale can then delineate these among three types of occurrences: gradual distributional expansion, episodic vagrants, and rare endemics. Here we document nine occurrences of unusual sightings across six fish species (Pink Salmon Oncorhynchus gorbuscha, Bering Wolffish Anarhichas orientalis, Greenland Shark Somniosus microcephalus, Broad Whitefish Coregonus nasus, Banded Gunnel Pholis fasciata and Salmon Shark Lamna ditropis) from six northern Canadian communities and classify the nature of each observation as rare, vagrant, or expanding distributions. Uniting scientific and local observations represents a novel approach to monitor distributional changes suitable for a geographically large but sparsely populated area such as the Canadian Arctic. The new occurrences are important for discerning the potential effects of the presence of these species in Arctic ecosystems. These observations more broadly will build on our understanding of northern biodiversity change associated with warming Arctic environments.

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Grant, Scott M., Rennie Sullivan, and Kevin J. Hedges. "Greenland shark (Somniosus microcephalus) feeding behavior on static fishing gear, effect of SMART (Selective Magnetic and Repellent-Treated) hook deterrent technology, and factors influencing entanglement in bottom longlines." PeerJ 6 (May 17, 2018): e4751. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.4751.

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The Greenland Shark (Somniosus microcephalus) is the most common bycatch in the Greenland halibut (Reinhardtius hippoglossoides) bottom longline fishery in Cumberland Sound, Canada. Historically, this inshore fishery has been prosecuted through the ice during winter but winter storms and unpredictable landfast ice conditions since the mid-1990s have led to interest in developing a summer fishery during the ice-free season. However, bycatch of Greenland shark was found to increase substantially with 570 sharks captured during an experimental Greenland halibut summer fishery (i.e., mean of 6.3 sharks per 1,000 hooks set) and mortality was reported to be about 50% due in part to fishers killing sharks that were severely entangled in longline gear. This study investigated whether the SMART (Selective Magnetic and Repellent-Treated) hook technology is a practical deterrent to Greenland shark predation and subsequent bycatch on bottom longlines. Greenland shark feeding behavior, feeding kinematics, and variables affecting entanglement/disentanglement and release are also described. The SMART hook failed to deter Greenland shark predation, i.e., all sharks were captured on SMART hooks, some with more than one SMART hook in their jaw. Moreover, recently captured Greenland sharks did not exhibit a behavioral response to SMART hooks. In situ observations of Greenland shark feeding show that this species uses a powerful inertial suction mode of feeding and was able to draw bait into the mouth from a distance of 25–35 cm. This method of feeding is suggested to negate the potential deterrent effects of electropositive metal and magnetic alloy substitutions to the SMART hook technology. The number of hooks entangled by a Greenland shark and time to disentangle and live-release a shark was found to increase with body length.

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Folkins, Margaret H., Scott M. Grant, and Philip Walsh. "A feasibility study to determine the use of baited pots in Greenland halibut (Reinhardtius hippoglossoides) fisheries, supported by the use of underwater video observations." PeerJ 9 (January 4, 2021): e10536. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.10536.

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High incidental catches of Greenland shark (Somniosus microcephalus) in Nunavut’s Greenland halibut (Reinhardtius hippoglossoides) fishery has led to studies on the feasibility of capturing Greenland halibut with baited pots. In this study, catch rates among six experimental pots are compared. In addition to this, underwater video observations of Greenland halibut interacting with two of these experimental pot types are quantified in order to help provide recommendations on future pot designs. Catch rates of Greenland halibut differed among pots with different entrance mesh types, and none of the pots produced substantial amounts of bycatch. Strings of pots were deployed within a narrow corridor between baited gillnets targeting Greenland halibut, which may have affected catch results. Video observations revealed Greenland halibut entangled by their teeth significantly more often in entrance funnels constructed with 50 mm than with 19 mm clear monofilament netting and the entrance rate was 45% higher with the 19 mm netting. Greenland halibut that successfully entered a pot repeatedly became entangled by their teeth in 58 mm netting used in the side and end panels and in a horizontal panel used to separate the pot into a lower and upper chamber. The majority (80%) of Greenland halibut were observed to approach a pot against the current. The downstream entrance was aligned with the current in 52% of the observed Greenland halibut approaches. Seventy percent of entry attempts and 67% of successful entries occurred when fish approached against the current and when the entrance was aligned with the current. These observations lead to recommendations that future studies consider developing a four entrance pot to ensure an entrance is always aligned with bottom currents. Based on these observations of entanglements, it is recommended to use 19 mm clear monofilament netting in the entrance funnel, 100 mm polyethylene netting in the exterior panels, and 19 mm polypropylene netting in the horizontal panel when targeting Greenland halibut. Three Greenland sharks were observed interacting with the pots in the video sets, but none were captured or damaged the pots during the potting experiments, providing validity to the use of pots to mitigate the capture of Greenland shark in Nunavut territorial waters.

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"Somniosus microcephalus." CABI Compendium CABI Compendium (January 7, 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/cabicompendium.63666.

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