Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Sommeil – Stades – Chez la personne âgée'
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Zard, Radjia. "Analyse des données actimétriques et prédiction par LSTM des phases de sommeil chez une population âgée institutionnalisée." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Toulon, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024TOUL0009.
Full textIn this thesis, we study the application of recurrent neural networks (RNN) by LSTM for the prediction of sleep phases in elderly residents of a care facility through the analysis of recorded actimetric data. This work is at the crossroads of the medical and IT fields, in the context of increasing life expectancy and an aging population. The main objective was to anticipate sleep in order to offer doctors the possibility of adapting treatment and patient management by proposing an alternative to medication. We explore the application of deep learning algorithms used to solve the problems of long- and short-term time series prediction in sequential data. We carried out a systematic review in order to construct the orientation of the study. Then, after analyzing the actimeter records, we used the LSTM architecture with a hidden layer with dropout, then added towards a fully connected layer. This step improves model performance. We also treated the dropout as a sub-layer of the network and finally, the hyperbolic tangent sigmoid transfer function applied as the activation function was used to calculate the output.In this stage of the research, we were able to predict the number of sleep phases for an elderly institutionalized patient using data from recordings of the previous 9 nights. We propose to continue the research with a larger sample in order to validate our results
Lapointe, Lucie. "Hypervigilance et anxiété en tant que perturbateur du sommeil chez la personne âgée." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2002. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/2269.
Full textDelcampo, Marie-Pierre. "Syndrome d'apnées du sommeil et sécrétion d'insuline chez la personne âgée ayant présenté un accident vasculaire cérébral." Bordeaux 2, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993BOR2M129.
Full textJaussent, Isabelle. "Déterminants et conséquences de l'insomnie et de la somnolence diurne chez la personne âgée : étude en population générale." Thesis, Montpellier 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013MON1T002/document.
Full textSleep complaints remain poorly studied in the elderly. However, they are common and associated with a number of specific diseases. They may also be markers of latent disease. The objective of this thesis is to study the relationship between sleep disorders (insomnia and excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS)) and the occurrence of neuropsychiatric and cardiovascular disorders in the elderly from a prospective cohort study: The Three Cities (3C) (9094 subjects aged 65 years and over recruited from three centers in France and followed every 2 years, during 12 years). Four studies were performed drawing from the 3C cohort. The first study suggests that factors associated with the type and the number of insomnia complaints in the elderly do not differ significantly according to gender. However, among women, factors related to lifestyle such as hormone replacement therapy and a higher body mass index may have a "protective effect". The second study shows that insomnia and EDS are independent risk factors for depression even after excluding participants who had a past history of depression. The third study reports that the number of insomnia complaints and difficulty in maintaining sleep appear to be negatively associated with cognitive decline whereas EDS may be a risk factor for cognitive decline in the elderly. Finally, the fourth study indicates that insomnia complaints are more likely a consequence of cardiovascular disease, while EDS seems to be a determinant of future cardiovascular disease independently of a past-history of cardiovascular disease. This thesis provides new knowledge on the determinants of insomnia and on the consequences of sleep complaints for the onset of neuropsychiatric disorders and cardiovascular disease. It suggests also new approaches for the prevention of these sleep complaints and their consequences in the elderly
Charbonneau, Cristel. "Prédiction du déclin cognitif chez les personnes âgées à l'aide des perturbations du sommeil." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/29954.
Full textGeorge, Olivier. "Troubles de la mémoire liés au sommeil au cours du vieillissement : mise en évidence d'une pathologie du système cholinergique pontique." Bordeaux 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004BOR21150.
Full textVery little is known about the origins of mild memory deficits such as age associated memory impairments. It has been suggested that multiple, distinct factors cause these memory declines. Among them, sleep disorders have been frequently proposed to play a major role in light of their high prevalence in the aged population. Taking advantage of a relevant animal model, we investigated the pathophysiological mechanisms of age-related sleep-dependent memory impairments at the behavioral, structural and molecular level. In this study, we demobnstrate that in some age subjects, age-related declarative-like memory impairments are secondary to alterations of the sleep/wake circadian rhythm resulting in a specific fragmentation of slow wave sleep. We show that aged subjects with sleep-dependent memory impairments exhibit a specific degeneration of cholinergic neurons in the pedonculopontine nucleus, a structure involved in the regulation of sleep and cognitive functions. Finally, at the molecular level we demonstrate that two regulation pathway of the PPT, neurosteroidogenesis and transforming growth factor (TGFβ) pathways are also altered. Taken together these results propose that "age-related sleep-dependant memory impairments" is a new class of age-related memory impairments, and they provide a pathophysiological mechanism for these deficits
Raymond, Nathalie, and Nathalie Raymond. "Favoriser l'indépendance de la satisfaction du besoin de dormir des aînés hospitalisés et hébergés." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/33372.
Full textToute personne tend vers un sommeil de qualité, cette affirmation est tout aussi vraie lorsque la personne se retrouve hospitalisée ou en centre d’hébergement. En fait, il est essentiel de comprendre que les aspects biologiques et physiologiques du sommeil varient avec l’âge et l’état de santé de la personne. Ainsi, dans la situation où le besoin de dormir est perturbé, le personnel infirmier doit tenter d’influencer positivement la satisfaction de ce besoin et de faire en sorte que les effets positifs du sommeil se produisent chez la personne afin de favoriser sa récupération et son retour à la santé. Le but de cette étude pré expérimentale est d’influencer les choix des interventions infirmières en misant sur de meilleures connaissances du besoin de dormir et de leur proposer un choix plus large d’interventions non pharmacologiques suite à une formation concernant le sommeil des aînés hospitalisés et des aînés hébergés en centre d’hébergement. Cette formation vise à aider les infirmières à mieux comprendre les effets des interventions pharmacologiques chez les aînés hospitalisés et hébergés et de leur proposer des interventions non pharmacologiques afin qu’elles puissent offrir des interventions optimales aux aînés. Pour guider cette recherche, un cadre de référence composé du cadre conceptuel de Virginia Henderson et du cadre de « l’approche adaptée à la personne âgée » proposé par le ministère de la Santé et des Services sociaux a été utilisé. À partir d’un échantillon de convenance composé de 59 infirmières et 285 aînés hospitalisés ou en centre d’hébergement, des mesures des connaissances, et des interventions ont été réalisés. Les résultats montrent que les infirmières ont amélioré leurs connaissances quant aux interventions non pharmacologiques, ce qui s’est observé par une baisse de consommation des médicaments pour favoriser le sommeil chez les aînés hospitalisés et en centre d’hébergement. Enfin, les interventions infirmières ont mis en évidence l’impact des soins infirmiers : à la suite de la formation, des effets favorables ont été perceptibles sur la consommation de médicaments pour favoriser la qualité du sommeil en établissement.
Anyone leaning towards sleep quality; this statement is equally applicable to person hospitalized or in home-care center. In fact, it is essential to understand that biological and physiological aspects of sleep vary with age and health of the person. In situations where the need to sleep is disrupted, nurses must attempt to positively influence the satisfaction of this need and ensure that the positive effects of the sleep occurs for the person to promote his recovery and return to health. The goal of this pre-experimental study is to influence the choice of nursing interventions by focusing on better knowledge of the need for sleep and a wider choice of non-pharmacological nursing interventions following a training on sleep for a specific population: hospitalized seniors or in home-care centre. The purpose of this training is to provide optimal nursing interventions for seniors – both hospitalized or in a home-care center – by helping nurses to understand pharmacological interventions effects on elderly and by proposing them non-pharmacological nursing interventions. Two complementary frameworks guide this research: the Virginia Henderson’s conceptual framework and the "Approche adaptée à la personne âgée" framework proposed by the ministère de la Santé et des Services sociaux and adopted by every health organizations. Based on a convenience sample of 59 nurses and 285 seniors, a measurement of knowledge, a measurement of potential means and a measurement of interventions were completed. The results showed that the nurses have improved their knowledge for non-pharmacological interventions, which was reflected by a decrease in medication use to promote sleep among hospitalized and home-care center seniors. Finally, nursing interventions in this research highlighted the impact of nursing care: following the training, positive effects were noticeable about the medication use as a way to promote sleep quality for elders hospitalized and in home-care center.
Anyone leaning towards sleep quality; this statement is equally applicable to person hospitalized or in home-care center. In fact, it is essential to understand that biological and physiological aspects of sleep vary with age and health of the person. In situations where the need to sleep is disrupted, nurses must attempt to positively influence the satisfaction of this need and ensure that the positive effects of the sleep occurs for the person to promote his recovery and return to health. The goal of this pre-experimental study is to influence the choice of nursing interventions by focusing on better knowledge of the need for sleep and a wider choice of non-pharmacological nursing interventions following a training on sleep for a specific population: hospitalized seniors or in home-care centre. The purpose of this training is to provide optimal nursing interventions for seniors – both hospitalized or in a home-care center – by helping nurses to understand pharmacological interventions effects on elderly and by proposing them non-pharmacological nursing interventions. Two complementary frameworks guide this research: the Virginia Henderson’s conceptual framework and the "Approche adaptée à la personne âgée" framework proposed by the ministère de la Santé et des Services sociaux and adopted by every health organizations. Based on a convenience sample of 59 nurses and 285 seniors, a measurement of knowledge, a measurement of potential means and a measurement of interventions were completed. The results showed that the nurses have improved their knowledge for non-pharmacological interventions, which was reflected by a decrease in medication use to promote sleep among hospitalized and home-care center seniors. Finally, nursing interventions in this research highlighted the impact of nursing care: following the training, positive effects were noticeable about the medication use as a way to promote sleep quality for elders hospitalized and in home-care center.
Mailloux, Mélissa. "L'activité physique et ses effets sur les difficultés subjectives et objectives de sommeil des personnes âgées présentant un trouble cognitif léger : une étude pilote." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/69915.
Full textRauchs, Géraldine. "Sommeil et consolidation mnésique chez le sujet sain et dans la maladie d'Alzheimer : neuropsychologie cognitive et imagerie cérébrale." Caen, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004CAEN1406.
Full textAdam, Anne-Marie. "Difficultés subjectives de sommeil chez les personnes âgées présentant ou non un trouble cognitif sans démence." Thesis, Université Laval, 2013. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2013/29698/29698.pdf.
Full textRehel, Stephane. "Modifications du sommeil au cours du vieillissement : impact sur la mémoire prospective et lien avec le style de vie Effects of sleep and age on prospective memory consolidation Impact of lifestyle and cognitive reserve on the association between sleep and cognition in ageing." Thesis, Normandie, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019NORMC048.
Full textMany studies report that sleep plays a crucial role for maintaining an efficient cognitive functioning. However, ageing is accompanied by changes in sleep quality, which may lead to an impairment in overall cognitive functioning. Otherwise, several studies support the idea that a healthy and cognitevly stimulating lifestyle would help to maintain an optimal cognitive functioning in old age. However, to our knowledge, the impact of lifestyle on the relationship between sleep and cognition during ageing has been little investigated. In a first study, we showed a beneficial effect of sleep on prospective memory performance in older adults. However, we did not show any deleterious effect of age on sleep and prospective memory. In a second work, we assessed the impact of different lifestyle factors on the association between sleep and cognition in a population of older adults. These results revealed that cognitive engagement throughout life modulates the link between slow-wave sleep and cognition. Thus, while highly cognitively stimulated individuals may be able to maintain effective cognitive functioning, even with sleep disorders affecting the amount of slow-wave sleep, less cognitively-stimulated individuals would appear more vulnerable to the effects of sleep disruption. All of these results indicate that cognition in old age would depend on sleep quality but also cognitive engagement during life. We discuss the existence of a critical period in order to deepen these results
Zmudka, Jadwiga. "Vascular and respiratory impact in neurodegenerative diseases." Thesis, Amiens, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AMIE0023/document.
Full textAge, vascular disorders, and lack of physical activity are known risk factors for dementia syndromes. Sleep has an important role in cerebral physiology. Sleep apnea syndrome (SAS) is common in elderly patients, especially in those with dementia. It was reported that the prevalence of SAS is 2 to 3 times higher in patients with arterial hypertension and/or atrial fibrillation. The brain and its vascular system cannot be considered separately from the heart and the lungs, which provide energy and oxygen supply. Cognitive alterations do not reflect the function of the brain only, and balanced dynamics between all these organs is necessary to maintain neurological functions. Therefore, the aim of this dissertation was to analyze the impact of altered cerebral blood flow in macrocirculation reflecting cardiac activity, pulsatility of the cerebrospinal fluid reflecting cerebral hydrodynamics, and SAS reflecting respiratory function on the cognitive status of elderly patients. Based on a clinical examination, geriatric and neuropsychological assessment, blood tests, structural magnetic resonance imaging, phase-contrast magnetic resonance imaging, 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure measurement, and 24-hour electrocardiogram in the population of 95 elderly patients aged 75 years and older, and suffering from neurodegenerative diseases, we analyzed the correlations between the neurological, cardiac, and respiratory parameters. This approach allowed an identification of associations between the abnormalities in these 3 systems and cognitive function. An unexpected finding, among some other abnormalities, was the prevalence of SAS exceeding 70%, which will be the subject of future research
Gruau, Sandrine. "Modifications des rythmes circadiens chez la personne âgée par l'activité physique : évaluation de ces effets sur le rythme de la température, le rythme veille/sommeil et les performances diurnes en conduite automobile simulée." Caen, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002CAEN2073.
Full textCelle, Sébastien. "Vieillissement et atteinte du cerveau : exemple des relations entre l'apnée du sommeil et le syndrome des jambes sans repos, et la diminution du volume de substance grise par une étude Voxel-Based Morphometry." Saint-Etienne, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009STET002T.
Full textSchröder, Carmen. "Sommeil, rythmes circadiens et corrélats cognitifs et psychologiques dans le vieillissement physiologique et pathologique." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013STRAJ048.
Full textIn this doctoral thesis and its 11 published manuscripts, we show that the physiological aging process is accompanied by an attenuation of the homeostatic sleep process as well as attenuated circadian processes. This weakening of circadian rhythms is even more pronounced during pathological aging (the dementias). Its cognitive and psychological repercussions include memory processes, and we have also demonstrated that the circadian system plays a major rôle on well-being in older adults.Finally, sleep disorders increase with age, and we have shown that genetic factors such as APOE4 or the 5-‐HTTLPR s allele act as moderators of sleep disorders’ effect (such as sleep apnea) on cognitive outcomes. For the 5-‐HTTLPR s allele, we described its interactions with biological measures of stress (cortisol) to affect memory, probably via mechanisms implying the hippocampus
Casini, Elisa. "Le sommeil : une enjeu pour les couples confrontés aux maladies neuro dégénératives." Thesis, Lille 3, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LIL30016/document.
Full textThis doctoral dissertation in sociology examines the sleep practices of ageing couples confronted with neuro-degenerative conditions. It aims to understand the time- and space-related aspects of these sleep practices, so central to couples’ lives, throughout the different stages of illness, and places particular emphasis on gender-based relations. Thirty couples were interviewed in their homes, 12 of whom were affected by Lewy Body Dementia and 18 by Alzheimer’s Disease. Empirical methods such as sleep journals, audio journals, and photographic documentation were incorporated into the study’s methodology. The study is divided into three branches. The first branch examines the role of “night-time guardian” assumed by the caregiving partner. The author was able to observe that a shift takes place from the status of sleeping partner to that of night-time caregiver. The role of the “night-time guardian” is characterized by domestic labor that takes the form of caregiving provided at night, a phenomenon the author calls “nocturnal domestic caregiving work”. The findings of the study show that this domestic night-time work can bring about a state of exhaustion in caregiving partners that can drive them to institutionalize the partner suffering from a medical condition. In addition to this domestic work, caregiving partners are prone to a state of night-time worry that results in a specific variety of sleep that can be described as “alert sleep”. This domestic work also goes largely unseen for two reasons: it is made up of activities that take place at night, and it often falls to women. The study's second branch offers an analysis of the impact of illness and cognitive disorders on the way areas of the home associated with sleep are organized, bringing to light the give-and-take that occurs where the marital bedroom is concerned. The author examined the reasons some sleep partners continue to insist on sleeping together. Also addressed are the bodily aspects of shared beds, a special context in which the bonds shared between bodies can be expressed in a unique way. The dissertation further explores the experience of placing distance between sleep partners: the meanings and practices surrounding the decision to sleep as a couple but in separate rooms. The final branch of the study examines a range of strategies used to manage sleep, such as taking sleeping medication, turning to in-home or institutional night-time caretaking, and day-time sleep. The author surveyed the reasons that caregiving partners accepted or refused to utilize these strategies, and the study’s findings show that the vulnerability represented by night and sleep can render it difficult to decide to use strategies to manage sleep
Cherdieu, Mélaine. "Effet du sommeil sur un apprentissage implicite : transfert vers une mémoire explicite ?" Thesis, Lyon 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LYO20061/document.
Full textNumerous studies have been interested in the effect of sleep on memory. For instance, a period of sleep as compared to a similar period of wakefulness protects memories from interferences, improves performances, but also reorganizes memory traces favoring creativity and rules extraction. These studies are based on classical memory models and explain these observations by an interaction between implicit and explicit processes. However, these models seem to be limited to describe all the processes involved in memory reorganization. In this thesis, we tried to understand the influence of sleep on memory reorganization within Act-In memory model, a multiple traces memory model in the line of grounded cognition. We developed our research within four experimental axes. First of all, we wanted to verify if sleep could transform an implicit trace into an explicit one. We also wanted to study the effect of sleep on multi-components integration and inter-traces activation. We assumed that sleep could transform memory traces enhancing the integration of the trace components and could favor the link between different traces leading to the emergence of common elements. Finally, we were interested in the consequences of nocturnal modifications during aging on memory consolidation
Andre, Claire. "Modifications du sommeil liées à l'âge : liens avec la cognition et les biomarqueurs du vieillissement et de la maladie d'Alzheimer en neuroimagerie." Thesis, Normandie, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019NORMC021.
Full textSleep changes are a major feature of the ageing process, and sleep disturbances are increasingly recognized as a risk factor for cognitive decline and Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, the brain mechanisms underlying this association are still unclear. The objective of this thesis was to deepen our understanding about brain structural, functional and molecular correlates of the main objective sleep changes in ageing, and to assess the potential links with cognitive performance. Our results demonstrate that the fragmentation of the first sleep cycles and the alteration of slow wave activity, are associated with reduced gray matter metabolism, perfusion and/or volume in fronto-cingulate and hippocampal areas. Moreover, sleep-disordered breathing and rapid eye movement sleep microstructure alterations were related to increased amyloid burden respectively in the posterior cingulate cortex and precuneus, or more widespread neocortical areas. However, associations with cognitive performance remained subtle or inexistent, suggesting early and asymptomatic associations between sleep and brain changes. Therefore, sleep may contribute to resilience processes and may help to cope with early neuropathological changes in AD. These results support the need to screen and treat sleep disturbances in older adults, before the onset of the first cognitive signs, in order to slow cognitive decline
Baillet, Marion. "Les modifications du sommeil et du cycle veille/sommeil au cours du vieillissement : approche par actimétrie et imagerie cérébrale." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017BORD0950/document.
Full textSleep and activity/rest cycle disturbances represent risk factors for the development of cognitive decline and dementia in aging. However, the association between these disturbances and cerebral modifications during aging remains to be explored. The aim of this thesis was to determine if sleep and activity/rest cycle disturbances could constitute a cerebral frailty factor for the development of cognitive decline and dementia in older adults (AMImage cohort). First, we have shown that the discrepancy measured between self-reported sleep questionnaires and actigraphy - used as an objective technique - is influenced by the subject’s mood (Baillet et al., 2016). These results strengthen the use of an objective technique to measure sleep. Thanks to brain imaging, we observed that a reduced 24-h amplitude of the activity/rest cycle is associated with disruption of white matter structural integrity. Our results suggest that cerebral frailty associated with age-related activity/rest cycle dysfunction has a vascular origin (Baillet et al., 2017). Then, we observed that a poor sleep quality is associated with high cerebral amyloid burden, mainly circumscribed to frontal regions. This may be due to a deficit of amyloid-β peptide clearance from the brain during sleep. To conclude, sleep and activity/rest cycle disturbances in older adults may be associated with two separate physiopathological processes leading to cerebral frailty. As sleep and activity/rest cycle are modifiable risk factors, interventions to improve their quality could offer a potential useful strategy for reducing the burden of cognitive impairment and dementia in old age
Saint, Martin Magali. "Vieillissement cognitif réussi : système nerveux autonome, sommeil et interactions sociales." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LYO20103/document.
Full textThe aim of this thesis was to examine cognitive performances of a large French cohort study of elderlies, i.e. the Saint Etienne PROOF-Siempre cohort, in order to assess among several factors which of them could play a prognostic role on a successful cognitive aging including physiological and psychosocial factors. In order to assess these key factors we developped several research axes frequently examining the long-term changes.The first axis of the research consider the overtime evolution of cognitive function in this population. We found that 70% of the 632 participants 67 yrs old at their inclusion in the study with or without sleep related breathing disorders had stable cognitive data 8-yr later. In this sample that we defined as having a successful cognitive aging, the predictive factor was the "high level of social activities" without any contribution of the demographic data, the hypoxemic load or classical vascular and metabolic factors.The second axis of the research we examined the influence of the autonomic nervous system activity of cognitive performances. In a sample of 916 older people, we found that a parameter reflecting the parasympathetic arm of the ANS, the baroreceptor sensitivity, affect when it was found altered the memory function without interference of other cardiovascular risk factor. These results were confirmed in a 8-yr assessment on 425 subjects of the previous sample in whom again a alteration of baroreceptor sensitity affect the long-term changes on memory function with contribution of the other examined factors. This would suggest that autonomic nervous system may also influence the memory changes with aging and assuring a more successful cognitive aging.The third axis of the research was to define how subjective cognitive and sleep complaints remain stable across time and whether subjective estimation of sleep quality may affect the changes on the subjective cognitive complaints. We found again a stability of the subjective cognitive complaint without any interference of sleep quality and aging itself, the quality of life and the presence of anxiety and depression being the most important factors. The four axis of the research examined the possible effect of the degree of social interaction developed along lifetime on the social cognition. We found in group of 100 elderly aged 78 yrs that quality of social interactions in the life-span was the key factor implicated in late social cognitive skills in the elderly without any effect of the executive function status nor the educational and intellectual level.In conclusion, we have demonstrated that in contrast to the most common recognized of a systematic loss of cognitive functions related to age healthy elderlies may have a successful cognitive aging. The "successful" cognitive aging is a multidimensional concept that should clearly identify if one wants to adopt effective strategies to maintain cognitive abilities with age. The different aspects examined in this thesis have highlighted the identification of four determinants of a "successful" cognitive aging: 1) the maintenance of social activities throughout the life; 2) the preservation of a sympathetic-parasympathetic balance of the autonomic nervous system; 3) the lack of sleep-disordered breathing; and 4) the stability of sleep and cognitive complaints generally reported in older population. The application of those strategies may help to prevent the cognitive decline in older populations
Crawford, Achour Emilie. "Le sommeil physiologique et pathologique du sujet âgé : impact sur la qualité du vieillissement et le vieillissement cognitif." Thesis, Saint-Etienne, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013STET001T/document.
Full textOne of our public health priorities is at present the prevention of pathological aging and this implies the comprehension of the different determinants of successful aging. Sleep disorders because of its frequency, its impact on mortality, its consequences on the occurrence of comorbidities and on quality of life, must be taken into account to promote successful aging. Our research has demonstrated the importance of one aspect of sleep: the sleep complaint. We have shown a significant link between sleep complaints and memory complaints. The adjustment on the respiratory sleep parameters have not modified the relationship described. The subjective quality of sleep played a role in the individual's self perception of health status or self perception of life satisfaction. Thus, these results show the importance of the management of sleep complaint in the elderly population which must be adapted and correctly treated. Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome (OSAS) is a clinical entity, frequently under diagnosed in the elderly population. However, the benefit of treatment has been widely demonstrated, especially in terms of cardiovascular mortality. Our studies have focused on the cognitive consequences of OSAS and the potential impact of its treatment by Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) on cognitive abilities. We have shown that elderly subjects with severe OSAS could have a clinical benefit of long term treatment on their cognitive capacities, using CPAP therapy. Indeed, treated subjects could maintain their memory performances over time, particularly in terms of episodic memory and executive functioning, compared to untreated subjects. Further studies must be made to confirm these results. Subjects with dementia must be included to evaluate the benefit of the treatment of OSAS in this population
Fuchs, Fanny. "Impact des conditions d'hébergement sur le vieillissement cognitif chez le rat : études comportementales, électrophysiologiques et neurochimiques." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015STRAJ077/document.
Full textThis thesis aimed to investigate in which extent environmental enrichment (EE) until or from an age at which cognitive decline is already apparent contributes to the maintenance of spatial memory observed in aged rats housed all their life in EE, and to study some neurobiological mechanisms likely underlying this preservation. We showed that housing in EE does not need to be maintained until the end of life to allow the preservation of cognitive function in aged rats. Moreover, late EE does not permit the recovery from already altered capabilities, but enables the preservation of some functions of subsequent alterations. The maintenance of spatial memory does not seem to be due to EE-related modification of sleep-wake cycle. But, exposure to EE induces a modification of hippocampal oscillatory activity, and could, by supporting local neuronal synchronization, promote information processing in more specialized networks. Finally, EE preserves the cholinergic system from age-related alteration in different cerebral areas, a mechanism that could participate to the maintenance of cognitive function in aged rats housed all their life in EE
Essounni, Mehdi. "Effets de la thérapie cognitivo-comportementale pour l’insomnie sur le sommeil au cours d’un sevrage de benzodiazépines chez la personne âgée." Thèse, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/23618.
Full textBackground: Chronic insomnia affects a significant number of the elderly population, with approximately 34% of older adults complaining of persistent difficulty falling asleep. Many of these older adults choose to use hypnotics to treat their insomnia. To be more specific, they tend to use a certain class of hypnotics called benzodiazepines (BZD). However, benzodiazepine use is correlated with several negative health impacts in the elderly (hip fracture, increased risk of mortality, cancer and cognitive decline). In addition, Cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBTI) is considered the gold standard and the first-line treatment for primary insomnia disorder. In addition, CBTI improves several sleep variables (sleep latency, total sleep time, waking duration and sleep efficiency). Objective: The objective of this pilot study is to evaluate the effect of CBTI on sleep during a structured benzodiazepine withdrawal in participants who are 60 years of age and older. Methods: Thirty-six (36) participants, twenty-four (24) of whom are female and twelve (12) of whom are male with a mean age of 69.5 years (60-90 years) with chronic insomnia and taking BZDs over an average time of 15 years (1-44 years) completed a comprehensive sleep assessment through sleep diaries, actigraphy, and polysomnographic recordings, before being randomly divided into two groups: the therapy group (n = 19) with a 16-week weaning program associated with eight CBTI sessions, and a control group (n = 17) with a weaning program associated with providing an explanatory brochure of the steps of structured weaning. The same sleep assessments were repeated after weaning of both groups. Repeated measures ANCOVAs and Pearson’s χ2 tests evaluated the effect of therapeutic intervention on sleep variables and withdrawal success. 6 Results and conclusion: 65% of all participants reached a complete cessation of their BZDs (73.68% of participants in the therapy group and 56.25% of the control group). According to the values obtained from sleep diaries, the therapy group improved more than the control group in terms of a reduction in the sleep onset latency (F = 6.15, df = 1, p = 0.02), wake after sleep onset (WASO) (F = 10.96, df = 1, p < 0.001) and an increase in the sleep efficiency (F = 4.84, df = 1, p = 0.03). In addition, the therapy group shows a trend toward improvement in sleep quality, as reported by the questionnaire of PSQI2 (F = 3.46, df = 1, p = 0.06). These preliminary results suggest a beneficial effect of CBTI on sleep as part of a program of structured withdrawal from benzodiazepines.
Barbaux, Loic. "Étude du changement de l’architecture du sommeil chez la personne âgée après un sevrage aux benzodiazépines couplé à la thérapie cognitivo-comportementale pour insomnie." Thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/25204.
Full textBackground: Benzodiazepines (BZD) and related drugs are consumed chronically by a large part of the elderly population with chronic insomnia. However, this use in this population is criticized for the risk of associated side effects. Cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) is the first-line treatment for insomnia because of its efficacy and safety. Objective: The objective of this project is to assess changes in sleep quality, macroarchitecture and sleep microarchitecture after withdrawal from BZD in the elderly with chronic insomnia. Then, we study the effect of CBT-I coupled with withdrawal on the same variables of interest. We hypothesize that weaning will be accompanied by an improvement in the subjective sleep quality (decrease in Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) and increase in sleep efficiency (SE)) and a modification of certain distinct variables: sleep spindle and stage N3 (increase in the percentage at stage N3 and decrease in the density of sleep spindles). In addition, we hypothesize that these changes will be more pronounced with CBT-I coupled with weaning. Methods: 41 participants (mean age: 69.39 ± 6.88 years) were randomized into 2 groups; stratified for age, duration and dose of BZD and relatives consumed: the weaning+CBT-I group (N = 23) and the weaning group (N = 18). All participants complete a 16-week weaning plan with follow-up, and at the same time, only the therapy group receives CBT-I. Data acquisition is carried out before and after weaning from questionnaire (ISI), sleep diary (SE) over a period of 14 days, and by polysomnographic recordings (stage N3 and density of sleep spindles). Results: 60.98% of participants (weaning+CBT-I group: 60.87%; weaning group: 61.11%) succeeded in completely stopping their medication after withdrawal. A decrease in ISI (F(1.40) = 4.36, p = 0.04) and in sleep spindle density (F(1.36) = 7.18, p = 0.01) was observed after weaning. Finally, CBT-I coupled with weaning showed a greater increase in SE (Sleep Diary; F(1.35) = 6.75, p = 0.01) compared to the control group. Conclusion: The weaning plan with follow-up makes it possible to obtain complete weaning in a majority of participants, without any significant worsening of their quality of sleep being observed. The addition of CBT-I during withdrawal from BZD and related products resulted in a greater improvement in self-reported sleep quality (Sleep Diary: SE).