Academic literature on the topic 'Somatotropin Metabolism'
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Journal articles on the topic "Somatotropin Metabolism"
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Bulgakova, S. V., E. V. Treneva, N. O. Zakharova, and S. G. Gorelik. "AGING AND GROWTH HORMONE: ASSUMPTIONS AND FACTS (LITERATURE REVIEW)." Russian Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics 64, no. 12 (December 15, 2019): 708–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.18821/0869-2084-2019-64-12-708-715.
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Growth hormone is a powerful metabolic hormone with pleiotropic effects, which is positioned as a “source of youth”. Somatotropin has various functions: stimulation of bone growth, regulation of carbohydrate, protein, lipid metabolism, metabolic function of the liver and energy balance. At the cellular level, somatotropic hormone regulates cell growth, differentiation, apoptosis, and cytoskeleton reorganization. The review article presents the results of topical studies that reflect the relationship of growth hormone deficiency or resistance to it with the development of aging and diseases associated with age, as well as with an increase in life expectancy.
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Sterle, JA, C. Boyd, JT Peacock, AT Koenigsfeld, WR Lamberson, DE Gerrard, and MC Lucy. "Insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I, IGF-II, IGF-binding protein-2 and pregnancy-associated glycoprotein mRNA in pigs with somatotropin-enhanced fetal growth." Journal of Endocrinology 159, no. 3 (December 1, 1998): 441–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/joe.0.1590441.
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Fetal growth is increased when pregnant gilts are treated with recombinant porcine somatotropin. The mechanism for increased fetal growth was examined by measuring the expression of IGF-I and -II and IGF-binding protein-2 (IGFBP-2) mRNA in liver and reproductive tissues of somatotropin- and saline-treated pregnant gilts. Twenty-four pregnant gilts received daily injections of either saline (control; n=12) or 5 mg recombinant porcine somatotropin (n=12) from day 30 to day 43 of gestation. Gilts were slaughtered on day 44 of gestation and liver, ovary, placenta, placental uterus (uterus with adjacent placental tissue) and non-placental uterus (region of the necrotic tip) were collected. The mRNAs for somatotropin receptor, IGFs -I and -II, IGFBP-2 and pregnancy-associated glycoprotein (a marker of trophoblast tissue) were analyzed by Northern blotting or ribonuclease protection assay. Gilts treated with somatotropin had heavier fetuses and placentas. The concentration of mRNA for the components of the IGF system was tissue-dependent. The uterine IGF-I mRNA concentration was greater in non-placental than in placental uterus. The greatest IGF-II mRNA concentration was observed in placenta, and adjacent uterine tissue expressed IGFBP-2 mRNA intensely. In non-placental uterus, IGFBP-2 mRNA was nearly undetectable. Somatotropin-dependent regulation of IGF-I was only observed in liver, where the greatest somatotropin receptor mRNA concentration was found. In the pregnant uterus, somatotropin failed to change the concentration of IGF or IGFBP-2 mRNA. Pregnancy-associated glycoprotein mRNA concentration was decreased by somatotropin. In summary, increased fetal growth in somatotropin-treated pregnant pigs was not associated with changes in IGF or IGFBP-2 mRNA concentration in reproductive tissues. Other mechanisms, therefore, lead to enhanced fetal growth in somatotropin-treated pregnant pigs.
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Roberts, T. J., M. J. Azain, G. J. Hausman, and R. J. Martin. "Interaction of insulin and somatotropin on body weight gain, feed intake, and body composition in rats." American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism 267, no. 2 (August 1, 1994): E293—E299. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.1994.267.2.e293.
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This study investigated the interaction of insulin and somatotropin on body weight gain and feed conversion in rats. Female rats (initial wt 215 g) were assigned to one of the following four treatments for a 2-wk period: 1) control; 2) 40 U protamine zinc insulin.kg-1.day-1; 3) 2 mg/day somatotropin; 4) insulin + somatotropin. Relative to the control group (gain, 1.4 g/day; intake, 16.7 g/day) insulin stimulated the rate of gain (250%), feed intake (73%), and fat pad weight (215%). Insulin caused a 270% increase in carcass fat and a 30% increase in carcass protein. Somatotropin also increased gain (178%) but did not have a significant effect on intake or fat pad weight. Somatotropin increased carcass protein 28% but had no effect on carcass fat. The greatest stimulation of body weight gain (392%) was observed with the insulin plus somatotropin combination treatment, indicating an additive effect. There were also additive effects on protein accretion and organ weights. However, feed intake and carcass fat in the combination group were intermediate between that of the control and insulin alone groups, indicating that somatotropin attenuated the ability of insulin to stimulate these parameters. These results indicate that certain effects of insulin and somatotropin, such as the promotion of lean tissue accretion, are additive, whereas other effects, such as those associated with lipid metabolism, oppose each other.
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Wolverton, C. K., M. J. Azain, J. Y. Duffy, M. E. White, and T. G. Ramsay. "Influence of somatotropin on lipid metabolism and IGF gene expression in porcine adipose tissue." American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism 263, no. 4 (October 1, 1992): E637—E645. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.1992.263.4.e637.
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The present study was designed to evaluate the effects of porcine somatotropin (pST) treatment (2 mg/day) and dietary fat (10%) separately and in combination on the metabolic activity of subcutaneous adipose tissue, serum adipogenic activity, and insulin-like growth factor (IGF) gene expression within adipose tissue from growing 5- to 6-mo-old barrows. This study attempted to determine how these factors might contribute to the reported changes in adiposity of treated swine. Biopsies of adipose tissue were collected after 28 days of treatment following anesthesia with thiopental sodium (15 mg/kg iv). Somatotropin inhibited in vitro glucose oxidation and lipogenesis in adipose tissue but did not affect fatty acid esterification. Adipogenic activity of serum was not altered by pST treatment. Subcutaneous adipose tissue contained mRNA for IGF-I and -II, and pST administration increased the abundance of IGF-I mRNA. Dietary fat had no effect on these variables. Thus somatotropin reduces glucose metabolism in porcine subcutaneous adipose tissue. Preadipocyte proliferation and differentiation are not affected by somatotropin through its actions on systemic factors. Dietary fat provides no additional benefit in combination with pST administration to affect accretion of adipose tissue in growing swine.
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Caperna, Thomas J., Debra Gavelek, and Jafar Vossoughi. "Somatotropin Alters Collagen Metabolism in Growing Pigs." Journal of Nutrition 124, no. 6 (June 1, 1994): 770–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jn/124.6.770.
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Vernon, Richard G., Anne Faulkner, Eric Finley, Paul W. Watt, and Victor A. Zammit. "Effects of prolonged treatment of lactating goats with bovine somatotropin on aspects of adipose tissue and liver metabolism." Journal of Dairy Research 62, no. 2 (May 1995): 237–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022029900030946.
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SUMMARYThe effects of prolonged (22 weeks) treatment of lactating goats with bovine somatotropin on the metabolism of adipose tissue and liver has been investigated. Somatotropin treatment resulted in smaller adipocytes, decreased rate of fatty acid synthesis and decreased total acetyl-CoA carboxylase activity of adipocytes, but with no change in the proportion of this enzyme in the active state. The rate of acylglycerol glycerol synthesis from glucose of adipocytes tended to decrease as did total glucose utilization by the tissue. Glucose conversion to lactate was unchanged by somatotropin treatment but glucose conversion to other products was decreased. Maximum response of adipose tissue to insulin was unchanged but the sensitivity to insulin decreased on somatotropin treatment. Treatment with somatotropin had no effect on basal lipolysis and decreased maximum response to the β-agonist isoproterenol, but this probably reflects the rate of isoproterenol-stimulated lipolysis varying with cell volume in adipocytes. No apparent change in response either to α2-adrenergic agonists or to adenosine was apparent. The number of β-adrenergic receptors was unchanged in adipocyte membranes but the number of α2-adrenergic receptors increased. The rate of hepatic gluconeogenesis in vitro, the activity of key gluconeogenic enzymes and the modulation of the rate of gluconeogenesis by butyrate were unchanged except for the effect of this latter agent on gluconeogenesis from propionate. Hepatic ketogenic activity, as indicated by the activity of carnitine palmitoyl-CoA-transferase-1 and the concentrations of carnitine and acyl carnitines, was unchanged by treatment. Thus at the end of a prolonged period of treatment with somatotropin in lactating goats, lipid synthesis in adipose tissue is still decreased but no effects on liver lipid and carbohydrate metabolism were apparent.
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Wang, Yanxin, Susan K. Fried, Robert N. Petersen, and Patricia A. Schoknecht. "Somatotropin Regulates Adipose Tissue Metabolism in Neonatal Swine." Journal of Nutrition 129, no. 1 (January 1, 1999): 139–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jn/129.1.139.
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BROZOS (Χ. Ν. ΜΠΡΟΖΟΣ), C. N., and Ph SARATSIS (Φ. ΣΑΡΑΤΣΗΣ). "The effectiveness and the consequences of the use of recombinant bovine somatotropin." Journal of the Hellenic Veterinary Medical Society 48, no. 1 (January 31, 2018): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/jhvms.15788.
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Growth hormone (also known as somatotropin) plays a dominant role on the development and metabolism of mammalians. Since the early 1950's it has been known that the administration of somatotropin in milk productive animals leads to an increase in milk yield. Nevertheless, its high cost of manufacture didn't allow the massive application, until recently. Genetic engineering achieved the production of recombinant bovine somatotropin (bST) and therefore has permitted the commercial use. Numerous of publications confirm a 10-30% increase in dairy cattle milk yield after bST administration. The mechanism of action of bST involves a series of orchestrated changes in the metabolism of body tissues so that more nutrients can be used for milk synthesis. Long-term bST administration has no effects on animal welfare. The reproductive system od bST treated cows seems to be prone to disorders. These disorders have been found to be insignificant. Advanced quality of management is necessary to accomplish maximum bST response in dairy cattle. BST is homologous to that of sheep and therefore can be successfully used in ewes as well. Due to the large number of dairy ewes in Greece, this is of great importance to Greek animal industry.
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Acosta, Diego Andres Velasco, Luiz Francisco Machado Pfeifer, Eduardo Schmitt, Augusto Schneider, Pedro Augusto Silva Silveira, Carolina Bespalhok Jacometo, Cassio Cassal Brauner, Viviane Rohrig Rabassa, Marcio Nunes Corrêa, and Francisco A. B. Del Pino. "Effect of prepartum somatotropin injection in late pregnant Holstein heifers with high body condition score on metabolic parameters, resumption of ovulation and milk production." Canadian Journal of Animal Science 93, no. 2 (June 2013): 287–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjas2012-118.
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Acosta, D. A. V., Pfeifer, L. F. M., Schmitt, E., Schneider, A., Silveira, P. A. S., Jacometo, C. B., Brauner, C. C., Rabassa, V. R., Corrêa, M. N. and Del Pino, F. A. B. 2013. Effect of prepartum somatotropin injection in late pregnant Holstein heifers with high body condition score on metabolic parameters, resumption of ovulation and milk production. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 93: 287–292. In the early post-partum period of dairy cows the duration and intensity of negative energy balance, the level of body condition score (BCS) loss and the milk yield are strongly associated with the timing of the first ovulation. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of pre-partum injections of somatotropin in dairy heifers with high BCS on the metabolism, resumption of ovarian activity and milk production. Holstein heifers (n=20) with high BCS, were divided randomly into two groups: somatotropin (n=10), which received two doses of somatotropin (500 mg) at −28 and −14 d from calving and Control (n=10), which received placebo. Blood samples were collected for evaluation of β-hydroxybutyrate (BHBA) and non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) concentrations. Follicular development was also monitored via ultrasound. Somatotropin had no effect on plasma NEFA (P=0.35 and P=0.46) or BHBA (P=0.20 and P=0.44,) concentrations in the pre-partum and post-partum period, respectively. Milk production was not different between control (17.53±0.66 kg cow−1 d−1) and somatotropin groups (16.13±0.67 kg cow−1 d−1) (P=0.14). Pre-partum somatotropin administration did not affect (P=0.28) the time of the first post-partum ovulation. The proportion of cows ovulating the first post-partum follicular wave was not different between groups (P=0.49). In conclusion, pre-partum somatotropin treatment in dairy heifers with high body condition score seems not to have any effect on markers of energy balance, milk production or development of the first follicular wave in the early post-partum period.
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Lee, K. C., M. J. Azain, D. B. Hausman, and T. G. Ramsay. "Somatotropin and adipose tissue metabolism: substrate and temporal effects." Journal of Animal Science 78, no. 5 (2000): 1236. http://dx.doi.org/10.2527/2000.7851236x.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Somatotropin Metabolism"
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Kim, Junghoon. "The influence of force production and eccentric exercise on growth hormone." Virtual Press, 1997. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1048386.
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The main purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between human growth hormone (hGH) and two separate components of resistance exercise. Eight non-weight-trained subjects (23.33 ± 0.3 yrs) performed three force production trials (FPT), at different concentric workloads, and an 120% eccentric exercise trial (EET) on the Cybex 6000. Blood samples (3 mls) were taken pre- and post-exercise and analyzed for lactate, creatine kinase (CK) and hGH. Electromyographic (EMG) activity of the quadriceps muscle was recorded during each trial. The mean peak torque produced during the FPTs increased as work intensity increased but was the highest in the EET. The data for total work showed a proportional relationship with the intensity of the three concentric work loads but not the 120% EET. EMG activity of vastus medialis (VM) and rectus femoris (RF) measured during EET was 26% less than RF of 50% and 15% less than VL of 70% in FPT, respectively. The highest hormonal response occurred following the 120% EET. The hormonal response following the FPTs was highest in the 90% FPT with the two lower work intensity trials (50 and 70%) showing no clear hormonal response. Although the hGH response was the highest in the 120% EET, the post-exercise lactic acid levels in EET were 24% less than that of the 90% FPT. Creatine kinase (CK) activity was significantly elevated 36 hours after the last bout of EET which suggests that the eccentric exercise resulted in muscle damage. The results from concentric trials showed that muscle force generation, EMG, and lactic acid of the three different concentric trials were well correlated to the pattern of hGH secretion. However, only peak torque was consistent with the hGH response of the EET. The highest peak torque and hGH levels were achieved with eccentric exercise. The highest levels of fatigue, as a result of the combination of longer exercise time and overloading of the muscle during EET, may explain the higher hGH output. The muscle damage caused by the eccentric trial was enough to induce delayed onset of muscle soreness and may be the stimulus for the higher hGH output. The hGH response may facilitate repair of the muscular damage induced by eccentric exercise by promoting protein synthesis.School of Physical Education
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VIEIRA, Marcelo Brandi. "Influência da somatotropina recombinante bovina (rBST) sobre parâmetros metabólicos, hormonais e de qualidade de sêmen em touros." Universidade Federal de Pelotas, 2007. http://repositorio.ufpel.edu.br/handle/ri/2541.
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Previous issue date: 2007-05-07The growth hormone (GH) have as main function improve proliferation and cellular development, but also participates of processes related to the immune system and reproductive function. The effect of GH is exerted by the IGF-I (insulin-like growth factor I), that is a hormone polypeptidic mitotic secreted by all cells that carry through mitosis. Since the development of the recombinant form of the bovine recombinant somatotropin (rBST) various studies have been developed on milk and meat production in farm animals. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of rBST on metabolic markers of energetic, protein, mineral and hepatic metabolism, as well as, to evaluate its effect on concentrations of IGF-I, insulin and quality parameters semen in bulls. This study was carried in central of artificial insemination ABS/PECPLAN using 20 bulls of european breeds. These animals were divided in two groups, a group that received a placebo application (NaCl, 0.9%) and another that received rBST (Lactotropin®/Elanco Animal Health). Five blood collections for evaluation of metabolic and hormonal markers and 6 semen collections with posterior freezing for the accomplishment of the corresponding semen evaluations. There was no effect of rBST (P > 0,05) in metabolic markers, except in the concentration of gamma- glutamyltransferase (GGT), that increased in the group that received rBST (P < 0,05), but inside the physiological range, in the hormones evaluations, IGF-I increased in the group treated with rBST (P < 0,05), but there wasn t difference in the insulin concentrations (P > 0,05). In relation to the semen evaluations, there were no differences observed (P > 0,05) in motility and morphology evaluated in the period before freezing. In after freezing evaluations, being that motility, morphology, integrity of plasmatic membrane by fluorescent sounding leads and the hiposmotic test, differences have been observed (P < 0,05) between groups, showing beneficial effect of rBST in these characteristics. In this way can be observed that rBST, beyond raising the IGF-I levels positively influenced the seminal after freezing characteristics evaluated without causing disequilibrium in the metabolism of treated animals since the concentrations of the evaluated metabolic markers were in accordance with the physiological standards for the bovine species.
O hormônio do crescimento (GH) possui como principal função realizar a proliferação e desenvolvimento celular, participando também de processos relacionados ao sistema imune e a reprodução. O efeito do GH é exercido pelo IGF-I (fator de crescimento semelhante à insulina I), que é um hormônio polipeptídico mitótico secretado por todas as células que realizam mitose. A partir do desenvolvimento da forma recombinante da somatotropina recombinante bovina (rBST) foram desenvolvidos inúmeros estudos relacionados a produção de leite e carne em animais de produção. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito do rBST sobre marcadores metabólicos relacionados ao metabolismo energético, protéico, mineral e hepático, bem como avaliar o seu efeito nas concentrações de IGF-I, insulina e nos parâmetros de qualidade de sêmen em touros. Este estudo foi realizado na central de inseminação artificial ABS/PECPLAN, com 20 touros de raças predominantemente européias. Estes animais foram divididos em dois grupos, sendo que um grupo recebeu a aplicação do placebo (solução fisiológica, NaCl 0,9%) e outro rBST (Lactotropin®/Elanco Saúde Animal). Foram realizados 5 coletas de sangue para avaliação dos marcadores metabólicos e hormonais e 6 coletas de sêmen com posterior congelamento para a realização das correspondentes avaliações de sêmen. De acordo com os resultados não foi observado (P > 0,05) efeito do rBST nas avaliações dos marcadores metabólicos, exceto nas concentrações da enzima hepática gama - glutamiltransferase (GGT), que foi mais elevada no grupo que recebeu o rBST (P < 0,05), mas de acordo com os padrões fisiológicos. Nas avaliações hormonais os níveis de IGF-I foram mais elevados no grupo tratado com rBST (P < 0,05), não sendo, porém, observadas diferenças para os níveis de insulina (P > 0,05). Em relação às avaliações de sêmen, não foram observadas diferenças entre os dois grupos (P > 0,05) na motilidade e morfologia espermática avaliadas no período pré-congelamento. Nas avaliações pós-congelamento que incluíam a motilidade, morfologia, integridade de membrana plasmática por sondas fluorescentes e pelo teste hiposmótico foram observadas diferenças (P < 0,05) entre os grupos, sendo demonstrado melhores índices no grupo que recebeu o tratamento com rBST. Desta forma pode-se observar que o rBST, além de elevar o níveis de IGF-I, influenciou positivamente as características seminais avaliadas no pós-congelamento sem que tivesse ocasionado desequilíbrio no metabolismo dos animais tratados, já que as concentrações dos marcadores metabólicos avaliados estavam de acordo com os padrões fisiológicos para a espécie bovina.
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Seiva, Fábio Rodrigues Ferreira [UNESP]. "Efeitos do hormônio de crescimento sobre o metabolismo energético e estresse oxidativo no miocárdio de ratos portadores de insuficiência cardíaca secundária à estenose aórtica." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/88574.
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O presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar os efeitos do hormônio de crescimento (GH) sobre o estresse oxidativo, metabolismo energético e sobre a fibrose miocárdica em ratos submetidos experimentalmente a insuficiência cardíaca. Foram utilizados 24 ratos Wistar machos, divididos em quatro grupos: controle recebendo salina (C-P) e controle recebendo GH (C-GH), estenose aórtica mais salina (EA-P) e estenose aórtica recebendo GH (EA-GH). A dose de GH utilizada foi de 1 mg/kg durante 14 dias. Os animais tratados com GH tiveram aumentados os níveis de IGF-I. Os dois grupos com EA tiveram a relação Peso do Coração/Peso Corporal maior quando comparados com os respectivos controles. O índice de fibrose miocárdica foi maior no grupo EA-P comparado aos grupos C e diminuiu no grupo EA tratado com o GH. Ambos os grupos tratados com GH tiveram elevada atividade da enzima lactato desidrogenase. O grupo EA-GH apresentou elevação da enzima marcadora do metabolismo de ácidos graxos (OHADH); já a enzima citrato sintase foi significantemente maior no grupo C-GH em relação aos grupos C-P e EA-GH. Os níveis de hidroperóxido de lipídio diminuíram nos animais do grupo EA-GH. Não houve alteração da enzima catalase nos quatro grupos estudados. A atividade da superóxido dismutase esteve maior nos grupos com EA. A principal via alterada pelo GH foi o sistema das glutationas. O GH aumentou a atividade da GSH-Px no grupo com EA. O grupo EA-P teve aumentada a relação GSH-GSSG, indicando um aumento do estresse oxidativo neste grupo. Conclui-se que o GH alterou as vias metabólicas do coração aumentando a oxidação de ácidos graxos e elevando o metabolismo anaeróbico. O GH também causou efeitos benéficos em relação ao estresse oxidativo, aumentando as defesas antioxidantes do coração, evitando os danos provocados pelos radicais livres.
Not available.
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Seiva, Fábio Rodrigues Ferreira. "Efeitos do hormônio de crescimento sobre o metabolismo energético e estresse oxidativo no miocárdio de ratos portadores de insuficiência cardíaca secundária à estenose aórtica /." Botucatu : [s.n.], 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/88574.
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Orientador: Ethel Lourenzi Barbosa NovelliBanca: Maria Tereza Nunes
Banca: Célia Regina Nogueira
Resumo: O presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar os efeitos do hormônio de crescimento (GH) sobre o estresse oxidativo, metabolismo energético e sobre a fibrose miocárdica em ratos submetidos experimentalmente a insuficiência cardíaca. Foram utilizados 24 ratos Wistar machos, divididos em quatro grupos: controle recebendo salina (C-P) e controle recebendo GH (C-GH), estenose aórtica mais salina (EA-P) e estenose aórtica recebendo GH (EA-GH). A dose de GH utilizada foi de 1 mg/kg durante 14 dias. Os animais tratados com GH tiveram aumentados os níveis de IGF-I. Os dois grupos com EA tiveram a relação Peso do Coração/Peso Corporal maior quando comparados com os respectivos controles. O índice de fibrose miocárdica foi maior no grupo EA-P comparado aos grupos C e diminuiu no grupo EA tratado com o GH. Ambos os grupos tratados com GH tiveram elevada atividade da enzima lactato desidrogenase. O grupo EA-GH apresentou elevação da enzima marcadora do metabolismo de ácidos graxos (OHADH); já a enzima citrato sintase foi significantemente maior no grupo C-GH em relação aos grupos C-P e EA-GH. Os níveis de hidroperóxido de lipídio diminuíram nos animais do grupo EA-GH. Não houve alteração da enzima catalase nos quatro grupos estudados. A atividade da superóxido dismutase esteve maior nos grupos com EA. A principal via alterada pelo GH foi o sistema das glutationas. O GH aumentou a atividade da GSH-Px no grupo com EA. O grupo EA-P teve aumentada a relação GSH-GSSG, indicando um aumento do estresse oxidativo neste grupo. Conclui-se que o GH alterou as vias metabólicas do coração aumentando a oxidação de ácidos graxos e elevando o metabolismo anaeróbico. O GH também causou efeitos benéficos em relação ao estresse oxidativo, aumentando as defesas antioxidantes do coração, evitando os danos provocados pelos radicais livres.
Abstract: Not available.
Mestre
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Goulart, Maikel Alan. "Efeitos da restrição alimentar e da somatotropina bovina recombinante sobre parâmetros do metabolismo energético, protéico, enzimático e mineral de novilhas leiteiras no pré-parto." Universidade Federal de Pelotas, 2009. http://repositorio.ufpel.edu.br/handle/ri/2534.
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Previous issue date: 2009-04-02The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of feed restriction and of recombinant bovine somatotropin (bST) on energetic, proteic, enzymatic and mineral metabolic parameters of prepartum dairy heifers. Forty four pregnant heifers were used for this study. The experimental period ranged from 35 days prepartum to partum and from 60 days to 160 postpartum. These heifers were divided in four groups with 11 animals each: Control+bST: fed to allow 100% of the dry matter intake (DMI) plus bST injections; Restriction+bST: fed to allow 80% of the DMI plus bST injection; Control: fed to allow 100% of the DMI plus placebo injections and Restriction: fed to allow 80% of the DMI plus placebo injections. The heifers receive three injections in the prepartum period 14 days apart. Measurements of body condition score, weight, productive and reproductive performance were conducted during pre and postpartum periods, while blood parameters were measured only in the prepartum period. Glucose concentrations were higher (P<0.05) in the Control+bST groups compared to Control and Restriction groups, while urea concentrations were higher in Restriction group compared to Control and Control+bST. Non-esterified fatty acids concentrations were higher (P<0.05) for Restriction group compared to Control and Control+bST groups. There was not observed difference (P > 0.05) in the concentrations of calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), Ca:P ratio, ketone bodies and liver enzymes, aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and gamma glutamil transferase (GGT) between groups. Regarding performance evaluations, no difference was observed for calf weight at birth, retention of fetal membranes, body condition score and reproductive performance, but a tendency (P = 0.06) to higher production in the Control+bST group compared to restriction group was observed. These results shown that prepatum management, including feed restriction and bST injection, could be efficient to allow metabolic and physiologic adaptation to the postpartum period.
O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar os efeitos da restrição alimentar e da somatotropina bovina recombinante (bST) sobre parâmetros do metabolismo energético, protéico, enzimáticos e mineral de novilhas leiteiras no pré-parto. Foram utilizadas no experimento 44 novilhas prenhes da raça holandês. O período experimental variou de 35 dias do pré-parto até o parto e dos 60 até 160 dias pós-parto. Estas novilhas foram divididas em 4 tratamentos com 11 animais cada: Controle+bST: alimentadas com 100% da ingestão de matéria seca (IMS) com aplicações de bST; Restrição+bST - alimentadas com 80% da IMS com aplicações de bST; Controle: alimentadas com 100% da IMS com aplicações de placebo; Restrição: alimentadas com 80% da IMS com aplicações de placebo. Foram realizadas no período pré-parto 3 aplicações de bST ou placebo a cada 14 dias. Realizaram-se avaliações de escore de condição corporal, peso ao nascer dos neonatos e desempenho produtivo e reprodutivo durante o pré e pós-parto e determinações dos parâmetros metabólicos energético, protéico, mineral e enzimático, somente no período pré-parto das novilhas. Os níveis de glucose foram maiores (P<0,05) para o grupo Controle+bST, comparado aos Grupos Controle e Restrição. Quanto aos níveis de ácidos graxos não esterificados, estes foram maiores (P<0,05) para o grupo Restrição+bST em comparação aos grupos Controle e Controle+bST. Em relação aos níveis de uréia, estes foram superiores (p<0,05) para o grupo Restrição comparado ao Controle e Controle+bST. Não foram observadas diferenças (P>0,05) entre os grupos experimentais quanto aos metabólitos, cálcio (Ca), fósforo (P), a relação Ca:P e corpos cetônicos, além das enzimas hepáticas, aspartato aminotransferase (AST) e gama-glutamiltransferase (GGT). Em relação às avaliações zootécnicas não foram observadas diferenças (P>0,05) entre os grupos quanto as variáveis, peso ao nascer dos neonatos, retenção de placenta, escore de condição corporal e desempenho reprodutivo, sendo observado tendências (P=0,06) de maior produção leiteira para vacas do grupo Controle+bST em comparação a vacas do grupo Restrição. Estes resultados demonstraram que as estratégias adotadas no pré-parto, utilizando a restrição alimentar e a administração de bST em novilhas leiteiras, podem ser eficientes na adaptação metabólica e fisiológica para o período pós-parto destes animas.
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Dailey, Rachael. "Impact of Nutritional Status on the Somatotropic Axis and Ghrelin in Phocid Seals." UNF Digital Commons, 2013. http://digitalcommons.unf.edu/etd/481.
Full textAbstract:
Metabolic hormones and their axes, including the target tissues and receptors, regulate the tissue specific utilization of nutrients with in the body. The purpose of this research was to understand the hormonal control of complex nutrient partitioning mechanisms involved in young, growing animals. Specifically, this involved the investigation of metabolic hormones and the regulation of growth in two common species of phocids (true seals): harbor seal (Phoca vitulina) and Northern elephant seal (Mirounga angustirostris) pups. This longitudinal study examines young phocids from nutritional nadir through realimentation (realimentation) to investigate how metabolic hormones involved in both food intake and nutrient partitioning change with respect to nutritional state.
To investigate the role of metabolic hormones during realimentation in a small phocid seal, chapter 2 focuses on the changes in the somatotropic axis and ghrelin during a 10-week period of realimentation following nutritional nadir. Chapter 3 focuses on the application of the results of previous research and the second chapter of this thesis to a specific experimental feeding project. Chapter 4 focuses on the response to changes in nutritional status in the fasting adapted NES. Given the changes in metabolism and priority of nutrient utilization associated with transitioning from a nursing neonate to a fasting adapted juvenile, NES provide a unique opportunity to assess the effect of age on the response to realimentation.
Overall, this research will further expand the understanding of tissue specific demands and the effect on endocrine response to realimentation. By incorporating assessments of metabolic changes based on nutrition as well as age, this study will expound on how metabolic hormones are involved in regulating the trade-off between adipose and lean tissue development in this unique taxon.
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Manetta, Jérôme. "Effet de l'entraînement et de l'âge sur l'assimilation glucidique et l'oxydation des substrats énergétiques : relation avec l'axe somatotrope." Montpellier 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000MON1T017.
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Peyreigne, Christelle. "Rôle de l'hormone de croissance à l'exercice : implications dans l'équilibre hydro-minéral et le métabolisme musculaire oxydatif." Montpellier 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000MON1T003.
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Ponciano, Rivera Walter Oscar. "Respuesta hipofisiaria de STH a ejercicio en altura." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 1999. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/7862.
Full textAbstract:
El documento digital no refiere asesorEstudia la respuesta hipofisiaria de la hormona del crecimiento STH ante el ejercicio en niños que viven en al tura. Participan 29 niños, naturales y residentes de San Mateo de Huanchor (3,200 m.s.n.m), sus edades fluctuaron entre 8 a 10 años, prepúberes, 15 fueron de sexo femenino y 14 masculino, sus pesos fluctuaron entre 20 y 31 kilos para las niñas y 22 a 35 para los niños, a todos se les confeccionó una historia clínica, descartándoseles enfermedades endocrinas o metabólicas u otras condiciones comórbidas. En estado de ayuno se les tomo una muestra de sangre periférica denominada basal, luego se procedió a aplicar el test dinámico para hormona de crecimiento denominado de ejercicio o Test de Harvard, posteriormente se tomo la segunda muestra de sangre denominada Estimulada, la determinación de la STH en las muestras se realizó por RIA. Los resultados muestran una secreción basal en promedio de STH de 3,797+1.962 y estimulada de 10.531 ± 3.124, para un p < 0.000, sin embargo existe un 65.5% que tiene una respuesta pobre ó inequívoca y un 34.5% que tiene buena respuesta. Los resultados muestran una variación de la secreción de STH por el estímulo del ejercicio que es significativa al comparar el nivel basal con el nivel alcanzado por el estímulo con una P<0.000, el 65.5% tiene una respuesta pobre y el 34.5% una buena respuesta. Estos resultados nos permiten afirmar que la secreción basal de STH en altura se encuentra dentro de los valores señalados como normales para niños que habitan a nivel del mar, pero la respuesta dinámica del somatotropo sometido a ejercicio, no llega a valores óptimos. No existen trabajos que utilicen el test de Harvard como prueba dinámica para estimulación de STH en altura en la población estudiada, por lo cual solo podemos describir, que a 3,200 m.s.n.m la respuesta secretoria dinámica en niños prepúberes tienen los valores señalados.
Tesis de segunda especialidad
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Dunton, Nancy J. "The effect of exhaustive endurance exercise and vitamin B-6 supplementation on vitamin B-6 metabolism and growth hormone in men." Thesis, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/27256.
Full textAbstract:
Trained male cyclists (6 in study 1, 5 in study 2) cycled to exhaustion (EXH) at
75% of VO₂ max twice; once in the non-supplemented (NS) state and once in the vitamin
B-6 (B-6)(20 mg PN) supplemented (S) state. The diet contained 2.3 mg B-6 in study 1
and 1.9 mg B-6 in study 2. Urine was collected during each dietary period. During each
exercise (EX) test, blood was drawn prior to (PRE), one hour during (DX), immediately
after (POST) and one hour after (POST 60) EX and sweat was collected.
Compared to baseline (PRE) levels, plasma pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP) and
vitamin B-6 (PB-6) concentrations increased at DX, decreased at POST, and decreased
below PRE at POST 60 in the NS and S states. EX to EXH in the S state resulted in a
greater increase in PLP DX in study 1 (31% increase vs. 16%) and PB-6 in study 2 (25%
increase vs. 11%) as compared to the NS state. Red blood cell (RBC) PLP significantly
increased from POST to POST 60 in the S state in study 2.
The excretion of urinary 4-pyridoxic acid (4-PA) and urinary B-6 (UB-6) was not
significantly altered by EX to EXH. The mean excretion of 4-PA was significantly greater
in the NS state in study 2 (7.98 ±1.83 mmol/d) as compared to the excretion in study 1
(6.20 ±0.93 mmol/d), whereas the excretion was significantly greater in the S state in study
1 (92.2 ±8.69 mmol/d) compared to the excretion in study 2 (82.7 ±6.16 mmol/d). The percent of B-6 intake excreted as UB-6 (6% in study 1 and 10% in study 2) was
significantly different between the studies in the NS state.
Vitamin B-6 supplementation did not significantly alter the rise in growth hormone
(hGH) concentration seen with EX to EXH. The loss of B-6 in sweat with EX to EXH
was not altered by B-6 supplementation. The loss of B-6 in sweat ranged from 0.0011
mmol to 0.0039 mmol.
Therefore, EX to EXH in the B-6 S state resulted in a greater increase in plasma
PLP and PB-6 DX as compared to the NS state. The decrease in PB-6 and PLP at POST
60 in the S state coincided with a significant increase in RBC PLP, suggesting the
movement of B-6 from the plasma into the RBC at POST 60. EX to EXH and B-6
supplementation did not alter the excretion of 4-PA or UB-6 suggesting that B-6
metabolism was unchanged. The loss of B-6 in sweat was comparable to previously
reported values and was not altered by B-6 supplementation. B-6 supplementation did not
alter the changes in hGH resulting from EX to EXH alone.Graduation date: 1995
Books on the topic "Somatotropin Metabolism"
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Y, Adashi E., Thorner Michael O, Serono Symposia USA, and Symposium on the Somatotrophic Axis and the Reproductive Process in Health and Disease (1993 : Baltimore, Md.), eds. The somatotrophic axis and the reproductive process in health and disease. New York: Springer-Verlag, 1995.
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M, Molinatti G., and Martini Luciano 1927-, eds. Endocrinology '85: Proceedings of the International Congress Endocrinology '85, Torino, 5-8 June 1985. Amsterdam: Excerpta Medica, 1986.
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Bengt-Ake, Bengtsson, ed. Growth hormone. Norwell, Mass: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1999.
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Allan, Flyvbjerg, Ørskov Hans, and Alberti George, eds. Growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor I in human and experimental diabetes. Chichester: Wiley, 1993.
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E, Dorman L., and Marriott Valerie, eds. Growth hormone: Reversing human aging naturally : the Methuselah factor. East Canaan, CT: Safe Goods, 1997.
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International, Symposium on Growth Hormone and Growth Factors in Endocrinology &. Metabolism (38th 2006 Granada Spain). 38th International Symposium on Growth Hormone and Growth Factors in Endocrinology & Metabolism: Granada, Spain, April 7-8, 2006. Basel: Karger, 2007.
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Cruz, Luis F. de la., ed. Regulation of growth hormone and somatic growth: Proceedings of the International Meeting on Regulation of Somatic Growth, Lugo, Spain, 14-16 October 1991. Amsterdam: Excerpta Medica, 1992.
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Ho, Ken K. Y. Growth Hormone, An Issue of Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics. Saunders, 2007.
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E, Müller E., Cocchi Daniela, and Locatelli Vittorio 1949-, eds. Advances in growth hormone and growth factor research. Roma: Pythagora Press, 1989.
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Müller, Eugenio E., Daniela Cocchi, and Vittorio Locatelli. Advances in Growth Hormone and Growth Factor Research. Springer, 2013.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Somatotropin Metabolism"
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Broglio, F., F. Prodam, F. Riganti, G. Muccioli, and E. Ghigo. "Ghrelin: From Somatotrope Secretion to New Perspectives in the Regulation of Peripheral Metabolic Functions." In Frontiers of Hormone Research, 102–14. Basel: KARGER, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000094313.
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Wray-Cahen, D., R. D. Boyd, D. A. Ross, and D. E. Bauman. "EFFECT OF SOMATOTROPIN ON NITROGEN AND ENERGY METABOLISM IN GROWING SWINE." In Biotechnology in Growth Regulation, 228. Elsevier, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-407-01473-2.50032-1.
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Skarda, J., P. Krejci, J. Slaba, and E. Husakova. "BLOOD CONSTITUENTS AND SUBCUTANEOUS ADIPOSE TISSUE METABOLISM OF DAIRY COWS AFTER ADMINISTRATION OF RECOMBINANT BOVINE SOMATOTROPIN (bST) IN A PROLONGED RELEASE FORMULATION." In Biotechnology in Growth Regulation, 237. Elsevier, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-407-01473-2.50041-2.
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Brenner, K. V., J. Novakofski, P. J. Bechtel, and R. A. Easter. "METABOLIC AND ENDOCRINE CHALLENGE OF SOMATOTROPIN TREATED PIGS." In Biotechnology in Growth Regulation, 227. Elsevier, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-407-01473-2.50031-x.
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V. Childs, Gwen, Angela K. Odle, Melanie C. MacNicol, Melody L. Allensworth-James, Tiffany K. Miles, Noor Akhter, Mohsin M. Syed, and Angus M. MacNicol. "Leptin: A Metabolic Signal for the Differentiation of Pituitary Cells." In Leptin [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.100922.
Full textAbstract:
Pituitary cell function is impacted by metabolic states and therefore must receive signals that inform them about nutritional status or adiposity. A primary signal from adipocytes is leptin, which recent studies have shown regulates most pituitary cell types. Subsets of all pituitary cell types express leptin receptors and leptin has been shown to exert transcriptional control through classical JAK/STAT pathways. Recent studies show that leptin also signals through post-transcriptional pathways that involve the translational regulatory protein Musashi. Mechanistically, post-transcriptional control would permit rapid cellular regulation of critical pre-existing pituitary transcripts as energy states change. The chapter will review evidence for transcriptional and/or post-transcriptional regulation of leptin targets (including Gnrhr, activin, Fshb, Gh, Ghrhr, and Pou11f1) and the consequences of the loss of leptin signaling to gonadotrope and somatotrope functions.
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Childs, GV, N. Akhter, A. Haney, Z. Brodrick, M. Syed, D. Gaddy, LJ Suva, et al. "Somatotropes as Metabolic Sensors: Selective Deletion of Leptin Receptors Causes Obesity." In The Endocrine Society's 92nd Annual Meeting, June 19–22, 2010 - San Diego, OR38–2—OR38–2. Endocrine Society, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/endo-meetings.2010.part3.or2.or38-2.
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Donangelo, Ines, and Shlomo Melmed. "Molecular pathogenesis of pituitary tumours." In Oxford Textbook of Endocrinology and Diabetes, 112–21. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199235292.003.2052.
Full textAbstract:
Pituitary adenomas are discovered in up to 25% of unselected autopsies, however, clinically apparent tumours are considerably less common. The pituitary gland is composed of differentiated cell types: somatotrophs, lactotrophs, corticotrophs, thyrotrophs, and gonadotrophs. Tumours may arise from any of these cell types and their secretory products depend on the cell of origin. The functional classification of pituitary tumorus is based on identification of cell gene products by immunostaining or mRNA detection, as well as measurement of circulating tumour and target organ hormone levels. Oversecretion of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) results in cortisol excess with Cushing’s disease. Growth hormone overproduction leads to acromegaly with typical acral overgrowth and metabolic abnormalities. Prolactin hypersecretion results in hypogonadism and galactorrhoea. Rarely, thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) hypersecretion leads to goitre and thyrotoxicosis, and gonadotropin excess results in gonadal dysfunction (1). Mixed tumours cosecreting growth hormone with prolactin, TSH, or ACTH may also arise from single cells. Clinically nonfunctional tumours are those that do not efficiently secrete their gene products, and most commonly they are derived from gonadotroph cells. Pituitary tumours are further defined radiographically as microadenomas (<1 cm in diameter) or macroadenomas (>1 cm in diameter). However, this classification does not reflect whether the pituitary tumour is amenable to total resection and limits assessment of invasive progression during serial imaging. Therefore, it is useful to apply the classification proposed by Hardy in 1973 and modified by Wilson in 1990 (Table 2.3.2.1), whereby pituitary tumours are classified into one of five grades and one of six stages, providing important preoperative information. Pituitary tumours cause morbidity by both abnormal hormone secretion as well as compression of regional structures. As a considerable proportion of patients do not achieve optimal therapeutic control of mass effects and/or hormone hypersecretion despite advances in therapeutic approaches, understanding pathogenesis and pituitary tumour growth patterns in individual patients will enable identification of subcellular treatment targets, ultimately decreasing tumour-related morbidity and mortality. Determinants of initiation and progression of pituitary adenomas are not fully understood. This chapter describes a spectrum of mechanisms implicated in pituitary tumorigenesis, including the role of pituitary plasticity, imbalances in cell cycle regulation, transcription factors, signalling pathways, and angiogenesis (Fig. 2.3.2.1). Molecular events related to tumorigenesis in human pituitary adenoma subtypes are summarized in Table 2.3.2.2. The causal role for selected genetic imbalances leading to development of pituitary tumours has been confirmed in several transgenic mouse models (Table 2.3.2.3).
Reports on the topic "Somatotropin Metabolism"
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Erdman, Richard, Geoffrey Dahl, Hanina Barash, Israel Bruckental, Avi Shamay, and Anthony Capuco. Management Strategies to Maximize Skeletal Growth Rate in Dairy Heifers. United States Department of Agriculture, July 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2002.7695848.bard.
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The objectives of this study were to determine the effects of recombinant bovine somatotropin (bST) and added dietary rumen undegradable protein (RUP) on organ and tissue weights and body composition in growing dairy heifers. A total of 32 Holstein heifers, 3 months of age at the beginning of the study were used in the experiment. Eight heifers were slaughtered at 3 mo of age to determine pre- treatment body composition. The remaining heifers were randomly assigned to treatments (n=6) consisting of 0.1 mg/kg body weight per day of bST and 2% added dietary RUP (dry matter basis) applied in a 2X2 factorial design. A total of six heifers per treatment group (3 each at 5 and 10 mo of age), were slaughtered to determine body composition an organ masses. There was a trend for increased live and empty body weights (EB:W), carcass and non-carcass components for heifers treated with bST or fed RUP. Added RUP increased rumen and reticulum weights whereas administration of bST tended to increase the weights of small and large intestine at 10 months of age by 22 % and 26%, respectively. Spleen, heart, and kidney weights at 10 months of age were increased 36%, 28% and 23% for bST treatments respectively, compared with controls. Rates of ash and protein deposition between 3 and 10 months of age were increased by bST by 7.2 g/d and 28.9 g/d, respectively, while no treatment differences were observed for rates of fat and energy deposition. Bovine somatotropin significantly altered the metabolism of growing heifers in a manner that led to increased protein and ash deposition, and tended to reduce fat percentage, and there was a similar tendency observed with added RUP. This suggests that nutritional and endocrine manipulations could increase growth rates of skeletal and lean tissues without increasing fat deposition in prepubertal dairy heifers.