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Journal articles on the topic 'Solution-solution'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 18 May 2024

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1

Potts, Keagan. "A Solution to the Hard Problem of Soft Law." Michigan Journal of Environmental & Administrative Law, no. 10.2 (2021): 483. http://dx.doi.org/10.36640/mjeal.10.2.solution.

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Administrative Agencies often rely on guidance documents to carry out their statutory mandate. Over the past few decades, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has been criticized for using soft law guidance documents to exercise powers beyond those authorized by Congress. Since attacks on the use of guidance documents persist and agencies need soft law to respond quickly and flexibly to rapid technological growth, it is essential to develop a solution that preserves this crucial regulatory mechanism and prevents its abuse. The most likely alternative to soft law guidance is formal regulation, which must be developed through the notice-and-comment process. The delays introduced by these formal processes, however, leave innovators uncertain about how to comply in the interim, which slows innovation. Alternatively, agencies may turn toward even less formal mechanisms, which are less expensive. However, these informal mechanisms also present problems, namely vagueness, contradictory rulings, and regulatory accumulation. This Note focuses on how courts can curb the abuse of guidance documents and avoid the pitfalls associated with these two alternatives. This Note identifies the ends of FDA regulation, the various mechanisms the FDA uses to achieve these ends, and the Agency’s and regulated entities’ attitudes toward guidance documents. Courts may either treat notice-and-comment rulemaking as necessary to finality and refuse merits review or classify such documents as final and conduct a merits review. This Note endorses the latter solution because it helps courts preserve agency discretion, principally limits discretion, and incentivizes uniformity and predictability. This solution is limited to documents that are practically binding on the agency.

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2

Millán, Claudia, and Isabel Usón. "Crystallographic structure solution." Arbor 191, no. 772 (April 30, 2015): a218. http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/arbor.2015.772n2004.

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3

Doerr, Allison. "Solution for solution structures." Nature Physics 4, S1 (February 2008): S15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nphys871.

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4

Anderson, Christopher. "Iron solution no solution." Nature 348, no. 6298 (November 1990): 188. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/348188b0.

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5

Anderson, G. Christopher. "A solution in iron solution?" Nature 345, no. 6274 (May 1990): 374. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/345374a0.

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6

Nomula, Srinivas, and Stuart L. Cooper. "Ionomer Solution Structure and Solution Diagram." Macromolecules 34, no. 8 (April 2001): 2653–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ma001731m.

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7

Gong, Zengtai, Jun Wu, and Kun Liu. "The dual fuzzy matrix equations: Extended solution, algebraic solution and solution." AIMS Mathematics 8, no. 3 (2023): 7310–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/math.2023368.

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<abstract><p>In this paper, we propose a direct method to solve the dual fuzzy matrix equation of the form $ \mathbf{A}\widetilde{\mathbf{X}}+\widetilde{\mathbf{B}} = \mathbf{C}\widetilde{\mathbf{X}}+\widetilde{\mathbf{D}} $ with $ \mathbf{A} $, $ \mathbf{C} $ matrices of crisp coefficients and $ \widetilde{\mathbf{B}} $, $ \widetilde{\mathbf{D}} $ fuzzy number matrices. Extended solution and algebraic solution of the dual fuzzy matrix equations are defined and the relationship between them is investigated. This article focuses on the algebraic solution and a necessary and sufficient condition for the unique algebraic solution existence is given. By algebraic methods we not need to transform a dual fuzzy matrix equation into two crisp matrix equations to solve. In addition, the general dual fuzzy matrix equations and dual fuzzy linear systems are investigated based on the generalized inverses of the matrices. Especially, the solution formula and calculation method of the dual fuzzy matrix equation with triangular fuzzy number matrices are given and discussed. The effectiveness of the proposed method is illustrated with examples.</p></abstract>

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8

Gulati, Rachna, Manish S. Ahuja, Vijay Langer, Parikshat Gopal, Shaifaly M. Rustagi, and Vandana Dave. "Comparative Study of Formalin Solution and Saturated Salt Solution for Embalming Cadavers for Surgical Skills Training." Indian Journal of Anatomy 9, no. 1 (2020): 33–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.21088/ija.2320.0022.9120.5.

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9

Faĭziev, Valeriĭ A., and Prasanna K. Sahoo. "Solution of Whitehead equation on groups." Mathematica Bohemica 138, no. 2 (2013): 171–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.21136/mb.2013.143289.

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10

Behera, Chittaranjan. "An Insight to CRM eBusiness Solution." Indian Journal of Applied Research 3, no. 7 (October 1, 2011): 358–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.15373/2249555x/july2013/110.

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11

El-Kahlout, Ahmad. "Exact Solution of Energy Fractional Equation." Indian Journal of Applied Research 4, no. 5 (October 1, 2011): 377–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.15373/2249555x/may2014/120.

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12

Yari, Gholamhossein, and Mohamadtaghi Rahimi. "General solution for fuzzy portfolio optimization." International Journal of Academic Research 6, no. 6 (November 30, 2014): 220–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.7813/2075-4124.2014/6-6/a.28.

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13

Jha, Bhavesh. "Entrepreneurship: Solution for Socio-Economic Development." Issues and Ideas in Education 1, no. 2 (July 2, 2013): 139–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.15415/iie.2013.12009.

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14

Muttoor, Akash A., and Mrutyunjaya S. Emmi. "Automation of Solar Solution Toolkit License." International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development Volume-1, Issue-4 (June 30, 2017): 420–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.31142/ijtsrd149.

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15

Tawhid, Mohamed Aly. "SOLUTION OF NONSMOOTH GENERALIZED COMPLEMENTARITY PROBLEMS." Journal of the Operations Research Society of Japan 54, no. 1 (2011): 12–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.15807/jorsj.54.12.

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16

Hrubá, M. "dCAPS method: advantages, troubles and solution." Plant, Soil and Environment 53, No. 9 (January 7, 2008): 417–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/2293-pse.

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In our work, we focus on the evolutionary studies of sex chromosomes. As model organisms we use several species of the plant genus <i>Silene</i>. An important part of our research is represented by genetic mapping based on the assays of DNA length or sequence polymorphisms. Apart from the other methods we also use the dCAPS method, which is very useful for detection of the sequence polymorphisms (SNPs). This method is unique as it is able to detect SNPs that are not situated in any restriction site; a fundamental principle of this method is usage of primer designed with one or two mismatches that bring into the target sequence the mutation in vicinity of SNP. Using this method, we found out some improvements that can make analyses more cost-effective.

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17

R N Yadav, R. N. Yadav, Upendra Singh, Priyanka Gupta, Madhu Sharma, Akhilesh K. Meena, and Navin Dagar. "Effect of MgCl2 Solution (gauging solution) Densities and Temperatures on Compressive Strength of Magnesium Oxychloride Cement (MOC)." Indian Journal of Applied Research 4, no. 1 (October 1, 2011): 203–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.15373/2249555x/jan2014/61.

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18

Shafi, Obeid, and Virendra Kumar. "Initial Fluid Therapy in Pediatric Diabetic Ketoacidosis: A comparison of Hypertonic Saline Solution and Normal Saline Solution." Pediatric Endocrinology Diabetes and Metabolism 24, no. 2 (2018): 56–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.18544/pedm-24.02.0103.

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19

Prieto, M. "Thermodynamics of Solid Solution-Aqueous Solution Systems." Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry 70, no. 1 (January 1, 2009): 47–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.2138/rmg.2009.70.2.

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20

Shin, Heiyoung. "D3+D6 solution and D4+D6 solution." Nuclear Physics B 600, no. 1 (April 2001): 197–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0550-3213(01)00039-6.

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21

Lin, Peng, Liu Yanxiong, Zhou Xinghua, and Wu Yongting. "Equivalence of network-solution and PPP-solution." Geo-spatial Information Science 9, no. 2 (January 2006): 99–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02826933.

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22

Gupta, Y. K., Alka, and S. K. Maurya. "Generalised Buchdahal Solution via Solution Generating Scheme." Procedia Engineering 38 (2012): 3074–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2012.06.358.

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23

Delbridge, Theodore R., and Donald M. Yealy. "Looking for a solution … to the solution?" Annals of Emergency Medicine 44, no. 4 (October 2004): 304–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.annemergmed.2004.06.022.

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24

Tan, Chan-Yuan, and Yao-Xiong Huang. "Dependence of Refractive Index on Concentration and Temperature in Electrolyte Solution, Polar Solution, Nonpolar Solution, and Protein Solution." Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data 60, no. 10 (September 2015): 2827–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jced.5b00018.

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25

FIEEE, Stefan Mozar, and Nobuo Funabiki. "Switching System, a Zero Power Standby Solution." International Journal of Engineering Research & Science 3, no. 6 (June 30, 2017): 43–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.25125/engineering-journal-ijoer-jun-2017-7.

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26

J, Ravi, Dickson S, and Sathya K. "An Optimal Solution for Transportation problem-DFSD." Journal of Computational Mathematica 3, no. 1 (June 30, 2019): 40–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.26524/cm46.

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27

Mucic, Davor. "Telepsychiatry—Potential solution to a global issue." Edorium Journal of Psychiatry 3, no. 2 (June 7, 2021): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.5348/100005p12dm2021ed.

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28

Geetha, A., Shahanaz Khan N, and Sneha Rajagopal Soundariya B. "An IOT based solution for Road Accidents." International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development Volume-2, Issue-3 (April 30, 2018): 921–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.31142/ijtsrd11158.

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29

Baylouny, Anne Marie. "Islamists in Democratic Elections: Threat or Solution?" Connections: The Quarterly Journal 03, no. 3 (2004): 69–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.11610/connections.03.3.07.

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30

Majzlan, Juraj, and Alexandra Navrotsky. "Thermodynamics of the goethite-diaspore solid solution." European Journal of Mineralogy 15, no. 3 (June 10, 2003): 495–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/0935-1221/2003/0015-0495.

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31

Narang, Minny, and Gunjan Jain. "Cyber Crimes: Problems of Investigation and Solution." Indian Journal of Applied Research 3, no. 11 (October 1, 2011): 73–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.15373/2249555x/nov2013/23.

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32

Dr.S.KALPANA, Dr S. KALPANA. "Be The Solution to Run out Pollution." Paripex - Indian Journal Of Research 3, no. 6 (January 15, 2012): 189–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.15373/22501991/june2014/60.

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33

Wang, Hengxi. "CRT: A Better Solution of Bilingual Assessments." International Journal of Languages, Literature and Linguistics 10, no. 1 (2024): 70–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.18178/ijlll.2024.10.1.487.

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This research paper argues that Criterion-Referenced Tests (CRT) are more appropriate for language assessment than Norm-Referenced Tests (NRT). While both types of standardized assessments are widely used, CRT is becoming increasingly popular in bilingual assessment due to its ability to provide meaningful information about what learners can do with the language. The paper is divided into three parts. The first part explains concepts concerning criterion-referenced testing and its critical differences with NRT. The second part elaborates on the validity, reliability, and practicality of CRTs, with examples. The final part focuses on the benefits and difficulties of implementing CRT in Chinese universities. Overall, the paper highlights the advantages of using CRT for language assessment and emphasizes its suitability for assessing second language ability.

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34

Dennstedt, Frederick E. "GEWF Solution." Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine 125, no. 11 (November 1, 2001): 1415. http://dx.doi.org/10.5858/2001-125-1415-gs.

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35

Newell, Ken J., Barry W. Sawka, Brian F. Rudrick, and David K. Driman. "GEWF Solution." Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine 125, no. 5 (May 1, 2001): 642–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.5858/2001-125-0642-gs.

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Abstract Background.—Lymph node status is an important prognostic factor in the staging of colorectal carcinoma. Several adjunctive solutions have been used to increase the yield of pericolic lymph nodes from colorectal cancer resection specimens. Methods.—During 1998 at the Grey Bruce Regional Health Centre (Owen Sound, Ontario), 67 colonic resections were performed for colorectal cancer. Lymph nodes were identified using GEWF solution (glacial acetic acid, ethanol, distilled water, and formaldehyde) in 35 cases, and by the conventional method of sectioning, inspection, and palpation in 32 cases. Results.—There were no significant differences between GEWF and non-GEWF cases with respect to patient age, length of resection, size of tumor, tumor histologic type, tumor differentiation, or depth of tumor penetration into the bowel wall. Use of GEWF led to a significant increase in the number of lymph nodes found (10.2 ± 4.9 per case) compared with non-GEWF cases (6.8 ± 3.9 per case) (P = .002). In GEWF cases 358 lymph nodes were identified, 82 with metastases, whereas in the non-GEWF cases 218 lymph nodes were found, 41 with metastases. The size of positive lymph nodes in the GEWF group (0.5 ± 0.2 cm) was significantly smaller than in the non-GEWF group (0.7 ± 0.4 cm) (P = .046). A greater percentage of positive lymph nodes in the GEWF cases (49/82, 60%) were 0.5 cm or smaller compared with the non-GEWF cases (17/41, 41%). Conclusions.—GEWF increases the yield of lymph nodes recovered from colorectal cancer specimens and may lead to improved staging of this cancer; it is inexpensive and simple to use.

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36

Satyanarayana, Sridhara, Anshuman Chaturvedi, Haresh Mani, and Hanumiah Subramanya. "GEWF Solution." Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine 127, no. 12 (December 1, 2003): 1552–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.5858/2003-127-1552-gs.

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37

Richardson, Catherine. "Uniform solution." Nursing Standard 3, no. 6 (November 5, 1988): 40. http://dx.doi.org/10.7748/ns.3.6.40.s61.

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38

Ergul, Ozgur. "Solution box." URSI Radio Science Bulletin 2019, no. 370 (September 2019): 58. http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/ursirsb.2019.8956151.

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39

Men, The Yes. "Solution textile." Multitudes 15, no. 1 (2004): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/mult.015.0051.

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40

Bates, Jane. "Simple solution." Nursing Standard 26, no. 41 (June 13, 2012): 26–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.7748/ns.26.41.26.s27.

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41

Mershon, Millard M. "Selenium Solution?" Science News 160, no. 3 (July 21, 2001): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4012745.

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42

Elden, Lawrence. "Another Solution?" Science News 163, no. 18 (May 3, 2003): 284. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4014584.

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43

Davis, Carol. "Sweet solution?" Nursing Standard 21, no. 16 (January 2, 2007): 21–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.7748/ns.21.16.21.s30.

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44

Nicholson, Judith. "2% Solution." Afterimage 22, no. 5 (December 1, 1994): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/aft.1994.22.5.3a.

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45

Mossman, Archie S., and Michael A. Mares. "Another Solution." BioScience 35, no. 2 (February 1985): 67. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1309838.

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46

Blackwell, Ann Lowes, and Ron J. Etter. "Simulation Solution." BioScience 42, no. 6 (June 1992): 396. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1311854.

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47

Blackwell, Ann Lowes. "Differential Solution." BioScience 42, no. 10 (November 1992): 743. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1311990.

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48

Holden, Constance. "Software Solution." Science 246, no. 4930 (November 3, 1989): 574–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.246.4930.574.e.

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49

Loo, P. "Salty solution." British Dental Journal 232, no. 3 (February 11, 2022): 133. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41415-022-3947-x.

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50

Mead, Lawrence R. "Surgical Solution." Brain & Life 18, no. 2 (April 2022): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.nnn.0000827404.07210.fa.

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