Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Solidification de déchets'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 24 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Solidification de déchets.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
Bae, Hae Ryong. "Stabilisation / solidification des déchets : évaluation environnementale des perspectives d'utilisation de scories Waelz en BTP." Lyon, INSA, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998ISALO009.
The aim of these studies is the environmental evaluation of the WAELZ slag valorization (in a bulk state or •in substitution to granular). This evaluation needs the determination of wastes or waste materials leaching behavior in specified scenarii. Concerning the use of slag in bulk state we examined the scenario: embankment, filling and embanked road. The pollutants leaching behavior in bulk slag’s has been studied with different chemical backgrounds. This experimental study ha clearly shown that the species release is controlled by their solubility by the surrounding pH and by the nature of solid phases. Concerning the use of slags in partial replacement of granular in construction materials, we have also worked on three kinds of materials (mortar, concrete and sand cement) in which a part of granular is replaced by slag. The dynamic studies of monolithic materials release showed that soluble species release (Na, K, Ca) is well described by a diffusional phenomena and that principal pollutants are non detectable during distilled water leaching. The modelisation of the source term with percolation has been realized considering hydrodynamic model coupled with pollutant diffusion-dissolution model. The shrinking core model/flow with immobile zone is well adapted to describe calcium release. The characterization of phenomena and the identification of the characteristic parameters allow predicting the long term behavior of the material submitted to various leaching scenarii. This global study showed that the slag which was used had a good physical and chemical stability in contact with a concrete material. The use of slag in partial replacement of granular in construction material can be considered favorably
Châtelet, Lise. "Solidification et stabilisation de REFIOM en matrice cimentaire adjuvantée." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995INPL113N.
The aim of this work is to characterize a fly ashes solidification-stabilization process with hydraulic binders. First, new additives were choosen for their capacity to trap the two sorts of pollutants present in wastes : solubles salts and metallic species. After a description of different materials used (wastes, cement, additives). The different stabilized wastes have been leached according to a procedure based on a standard AFNOR x31-210. Samples are studied by optical microscopy, SEM, electron microprobe, elementary analyses in order to control efficiency of pollutants immobilization into CSH phases). The second part deals with time evolution of stabilized products. Two leaching tests have been used to study environmental attacks in short experimental times. First one is a soxhlet and simulates the streaming of pure water on samples. Second one is a batch test where samples are immerged into solutions of different nature (water, solutions doped with complexing agents). Stabilized waste leaching depends on different parameters including time. The simple model of pollutants diffusion through cement matrix is inadequate because precipitations modified quickly solubility and materials porosity. In order to connect hydratation reactions to textural modifications of stabilized wastes during their leaching, 1H NMR is used to complement two methods of porosity envestigation :mercury porosimetry and tomodensitometry. Results show that porosity is decreasing at long term and pollutants lixiviations is more and more limited. Evolution of stabilized wastes involved a more efficient immobilization
Schlepp, Laurence. "Réactivité des bitumes d'enrobage des déchets ultimes : comparaison avec un analogue naturel." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000INPL096N.
Sing-Tenière, Christelle. "Etude des procédés de stabilisation/solidification (des déchets solides poreux) à base de liants hydrauliques ou de liants bitumineux." Lyon, INSA, 1998. http://theses.insa-lyon.fr/publication/1998ISAL0020/these.pdf.
This research is devoted to the analysis of means used to define stabilization/solidification processes of specific industrial wastes. The selected wastes are a used catalyst containing vanadium V(V) and an activated charcoal polluted by iodine. We have shown that the water absorption capability, which is linked to the waste porosity, is the key factor of a treatment; the choice of the adequate binder for this treatment is suggested by the behavior of the bulk waste during leaching. Two treatment processes, one based on hydraulic binder stabilization and the other based on bitumen stabilization, are developed and tested. In both cases, it appears that the physical and chemical properties of the binder and the mixing of the waste and the binder determine the efficiency of the treatment. Thus we observed that the effectiveness of the hydraulic binder to chemically stabilize the bulk waste is linked to the waste solubility level in the binder leachates. Regarding bitumen, it appears that the treatment efficiency mainly depends on bitumen viscosity. The waste/hydraulic binder mixing process is based on a selected order of constituents’ incorporation and on selected proportions ratio. The waste/bitumen mixing process proved to depend on two parameters: the workability temperature and the residence time at this temperature We propose an empirical model that allows to evaluate the latter. After treatment of the two wastes using both processes, it appeared that although vanadium is reduced in V(IV) by bitumen, it is not more stable. By incorporating vanadium in its hydrates, the hydraulic binder chemically stabilizes the waste. It is therefore more efficient to treat the catalyst. Iodine is not chemically stabilized by these binders. However, by ensuring a greatest physical retention, the bitumen-based process constitutes the best approach for charcoal treatment. This methodology, based on the link between waste and binder, provides acceptable results on the viewpoint of the stabilization/solidification by two different binders. It opens interesting perspectives considering the number of existing hydraulic binders and bitumen
Barna, Radu. "Etude de la diffusion de polluants dans les déchets solidifiés par liants hydrauliques." Lyon, INSA, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994ISAL0073.
The objective of the study is to characterize the retention of pollutants from wastes solidified with hydraulic binders. The stabilized/solidified wastes are APC MSW (air pollution control residues from municipal solid waste incineration), lead secondary smelting slag and different salts. The binders used are ordinary Portland cement (OPC 55) or blast furnace slag cement (CLK 45) and additives, such as metakaolin. Leaching tests are used in the characterization procedure and modelling of the observed leaching behavior is conducted to improve the description of the physical and chemical phenomena involved in the transport of soluble species. The main results of the study allow to make a distinction between the species whose solubility is not sensitive to the chemical context of the pore solution, and the other species, such as amphoteric metals, whose solubility is sensitive to the context (for example the pH). In the first case, a diffusion or shrinking front model is appropriate. On the other band, a coupled solubilisation/diffusion model must be developed in order to describe the leaching behavior of heavy metals (lead, etc. ) stabilized/solidified with concrete
Diet, Jean-Noël. "Stabilisation/solidification des déchets : perturbation de l'hydratation du ciment Portland par les substances contenues dans les boues d'hydroxydes métalliques." Lyon, INSA, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996ISAL0030.
With the new French laws in the hazardous waste management field, a lot of industrial waste have to be stabilized/solidified before landfilling. This is the case of heavy metal hydroxide sludge generated by the electroplating industry, which have to be stabilized after the 30th of March, 1998. The aim of this work is to study the interactions between this kind of waste and Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC). Simple synthetic hydroxide sludges were used in place of real waste. The perturbation of the hydration of OPC/sludge mixes was carried out using XRD, SEM and adiabatic calorimetry. Preliminary experiments showed that zinc strongly inhibits hydration, so what we have concentrated or work on chromium sludge. Chromium accelerate initial set of OPC. No evidence of real perturbation was observed under a sludge/cement mass ratio of 2. For greater ratios, hydration was strongly affected. The fixation mode of chromium in cement matrices depends on its oxidation state. Chromium III can be present as hydroxide, or associated with calcium silicate and sulfate, and can substitute for alumina in calcium aluminate hydrates. Chromium VI (chromate ion) can precipitate as soluble alkali chromate, and can substitute for sulfate ion in sulfoaluminate hydrates. For instance, we have observed a chromate-substituted sulfoaluminate of calcium and sodium. Finally, a short study of the leaching behaviour of solidified mixes showed a good retention of chromium III. Only chromium VI was found in the leachates
Renaut, Maxime. "Calcination des déchets industriels : synthèse de ciment et stabilisation/solidification des résidus de combustion." Thesis, Artois, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017ARTO0203/document.
Since 20th century’s end, our society started to take conscience of environmental protection and sustainable development are required to our future blooming. Directives have obliged public authorities, communities, such as industry to be reacted particularly while being implied in research. The cement-manufacturers are also concerned. The process cement-manufacturer requires large quantities of raw materials. The main objective of the thesis is to value industrial by-products by cementitious materials. Context and problem of wastes were discussed, as well as the possibility of valorization such as the cements. The methodology set up for the thesis and its originality are explained. First, the protocol of characterization of mineral wastes was developed. The results in laboratory are promising for the replacement of limestone and clay in the cement’s raw meal and different formulations. The cookings in laboratory allowed obtaining a cement containing 4 phases of Portland. The synthesis in bigger quantity of a formulation in laboratory highlighted good mechanical performances on mortars at the young age. In a second stage, the best formulations were tested on an industrial scale in the ARF’s kiln. The raw meal, mixed by hoppers agitators, was a success. Finally, immobilization of pollutants in a cement matrix of the residues after combustion, resulting from secondary fuels of ARF, was studied to be able to downgrade the waste stabilized/solidified by grading reduction of the material before stabilization/solidification
Renaut, Maxime. "Calcination des déchets industriels : synthèse de ciment et stabilisation/solidification des résidus de combustion." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Artois, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017ARTO0203.
Since 20th century’s end, our society started to take conscience of environmental protection and sustainable development are required to our future blooming. Directives have obliged public authorities, communities, such as industry to be reacted particularly while being implied in research. The cement-manufacturers are also concerned. The process cement-manufacturer requires large quantities of raw materials. The main objective of the thesis is to value industrial by-products by cementitious materials. Context and problem of wastes were discussed, as well as the possibility of valorization such as the cements. The methodology set up for the thesis and its originality are explained. First, the protocol of characterization of mineral wastes was developed. The results in laboratory are promising for the replacement of limestone and clay in the cement’s raw meal and different formulations. The cookings in laboratory allowed obtaining a cement containing 4 phases of Portland. The synthesis in bigger quantity of a formulation in laboratory highlighted good mechanical performances on mortars at the young age. In a second stage, the best formulations were tested on an industrial scale in the ARF’s kiln. The raw meal, mixed by hoppers agitators, was a success. Finally, immobilization of pollutants in a cement matrix of the residues after combustion, resulting from secondary fuels of ARF, was studied to be able to downgrade the waste stabilized/solidified by grading reduction of the material before stabilization/solidification
Ouimet, Nicole. "Etudes en vue de la mise au point d'une chaîne de traitements de matériaux souillés par des goudrons issus de la pyrolyse de la houille." Lyon, INSA, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996ISAL0047.
France, as all industrialized countries, has on its territory many potentially contaminated sites containing coal-tar materials from past industrial activities. Specific remediation technologies have been developed, mainly in North America. Existing treatment technologies include thermal processes (incineration, desorption, vapor extraction. . . ), physical methods (such as solidification/stabilization, vitrification. . . ), chemical methods (extraction, washing) and biological processes to a lower extent. A non-destructive remediation process has been developed here to reduce the overall mass of contaminated materials to be incinerated. In a first step, laboratory feasibility studies have been conducted on coal-tar contaminated rubbles. A specific extraction-washing treatment chain has been developed, with the selection of an appropriate organic solvent for the extraction phase and a detergent for the washing phase of the process. Laboratory results being promising, the next step was to test the process at the pilot and industrial scales. Approximately 600 m3 of coal-tar contaminated rubbles from a mixture of various demolition materials were treated. The process included complete excavation of the rubbles contaminated with coal tar, contaminant extraction and washing to achieve specified cleanup levels for organic contaminants. Hence the extraction-washing process was able to significantly diminish most of the contamination associated with PAH, phenols, inorganic nitrogen compounds and total cyanides in the rubbles. Furthermore, the industrial scale data showed a significant total mass reduction of contaminated materials to be incinerated since the treated rubbles were disposed off on the site. In the third step of our study, experiments at the laboratory-scale were conducted in order to improve the process and reduce the amount of byproducts generated during treatment and requiring offsite disposal. Studies were performed on the biological treatment of the waste water containing complex organic pollutants such as phenolic compounds, on the mass reduction of wastes smaller than 10 mm with screening tests, and on the solidification/stabilization trials of other solid contaminated byproducts. The process should be now tested on other sites with rubbles contaminated with coal-tar having different physico-chemical characteristics
Duan, Zhibo. "Caractérisation, stabilisation et solidification de sédiments fins marins." Caen, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008CAEN2018.
Dredged materials are necessary to the give a safe access to the harbours and a high environment quality to them. So an important volume of fine marine sediments is produced. Consequently the management in respect with a sustainable development need to find alternative solutions to the damping at sea or to the storage on shore. Many research works have been run on the valorisation of fine sediments but actually, all of them consider only one specific sediment, and the results are difficult to be applied to other sediments because of the lack of recommendation or criteria for the choice of valorisation in public works or civil engineering (Chapter I and II). For any study of valorisation, all characteristics about marine sediments must be well defined taken into account the variability of them. The chapters (III and IV) are focussed on the properties of a series of harbour sediments (9) according their origin. Physical properties, sedimentation and consolidation parameters are studied and finally a recap of all characteristics are given and a list of them are suggested as a list of parameters required to look at a valorisation of sediments. The choice of the type of valorisation are depending i) on these properties and parameters and ii) on the mechanical and environmental performances relative to the final application. The sediments have been treated to improve their characteristics through a stabilisation / solidification techniques using cement and lime (Chapters V and VI). The reuse for embankment and for road sublayers is considered. The reuse of natural sediment or weakly mixed with cement sediment have been discussed. A construction of an embankment in a confined site is possible in respect with the needed mechanical and environmental properties
Foray, Geneviève. "Contribution à l'élaboration d'un système d'aide à la formulation de liants hydrauliques pour la stabilisation/solidification de déchets." Lyon, INSA, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996ISAL0057.
The literature review completed shows that there is a Jack of complete and consistent data on waste I binder interactions. The gathering of those information under a data base format gives an easy access to research history. Data base provides a full answer fitting the technical problem, a set of possible formulations, some drawbacks to be aware of, and a list of references to consult. However, the variety of the context is a barrier towards the next step of this work: development of a knowledge based system on SIS binder formulation. Heuristics have to be derived from a homogenous and consistent set of data, an extensive lab program was therefore developed. This applied part has two targets: understanding the mechanisms involved in S/S of heavy metals for each type of binder and rating their capacity to fix heavy metals. Our experimental procedure relies on two suspension and pure paste. Results confirm whether the pollutant modifies the hydration or not, give access to the extent of 'binder stabilization' without taking into account the solidification part, and enlighten the mechanisms involved. A binder / waste interaction card is drawn associated to an index of stabilization / solidification efficiency. Synthetic forms of heavy metals as well as height commercial binder are selected to illustrate the purpose and validate the methodology. This works provides the basis for the development of a knowledge based expert system. It still has to be implemented with more waste and more binders as each case is specific
Maghlout, Saïd. "Inertage de substances solides polluantes : élaboration d'un procédé à base de liants phénoliques." Lyon 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000LYO10294.
Saouti, Leo. "Ordures ménagères résiduelles (OMR) : modèle, mise en monture et stabilisation/solidification." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Normandie, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023NORMR114.
Millions of tonnes of waste are treated every year throughout the world. There are wide disparities in waste treatment techniques, depending on the level of development of individual countries. In France, an Anjou-based start-up called Néolithe is proposing a new way of treating non-hazardous, non-inert waste: fossilisation. The process involves shredding the waste, mixing it with a hydraulic binder and then extruding it to produce aggregates called Anthropocite®. The work in this thesis concerns the treatment of municipal solid waste (MSW). It consists of three parts: the preparation of a model representative of residual household waste, the use of ash as a binder matrix, and the solidification of the residual household waste model with various selected binders. For organic fractions, the preparation of a model representative of household waste requires drying and shredding to suit the fineness of grind required. Specific shredders should be used for plastic waste. The characterisation and reactivity of biomass ash - fly ash and underfired ash - were studied. Activation tests (NaOH and Na2SiO3) were carried out on the two types of ash with the following variables: water to binder ratio (W/B) and activator to precursor ratio (A/P). A precursor composed of ash (P1) and slag (P3) was proposed. Favourable conditions to obtain minimum compressive strengths of 25 MPa at 28 days are a W/B ratio of 0.4, an A/P ratio of 0.2 and a P1/P3 ratio of 1.50. The following binders were selected for the study of mixes with SRM grindings: an activated slag, a precursor composed of ash and slag, a hydraulic binder called Ligam and a Portland cement (CEM I). The initial tests on the mixes enabled protocols for the inclusion of fermentable residual waste (FRW) to be established. All binders show delays in setting and solidification during inclusion. It is essential to hydrate the waste (FRW) when mixing with the binders, but each binder has a different optimum to add water to FRW. It is possible to solidify the model representative of MSW with hydraulic binders as well as with alkali-activated binders. Hydraulic binders appear to be more robust in terms of the nature of the components than the inclusion of the MSW model in mortars. This work makes it possible to establish a database, which is necessary for further work on the solidification/stabilisation of MSW
Thevenin, Geneviève. "Contribution à l'élaboration d'un système d'aide à la formulation de liants hydrauliques pour la stabilisation/solidification de déchets." Phd thesis, INSA de Lyon, 1996. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00724791.
Maraval, Serge. "Stabilisation / solidification de déchets ultimes : Etude comparative de divers liants hydrauliques et de la vitrification - : Cas des cendres d'incineration d'ordures menageres." Lyon, INSA, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994ISAL0104.
Vitrification and cement-based stabilisation/solidification appears to be the two emerging processes matching the requierements of the new regulations concerning ultimate wastes management. The critical study of various hydraulic binders showed that the hyperaluminous cement offers the lowest leachability of the pollutants, and also pointed out the interesting properties of the "CPA prise mer", specialy designed to set and resist in high salinity contexts. The utilisation of various cement additives led to little or no improvement of the process effectivness. Vitrification process, with or whithout fluxes, produces non porous wastes forms of very low leachability. The high temperature required led though to the loss of volatil compounds, among which various toxic metals. The addition of fluxes (especially boron oxide) lowers the melting point of the mix, hence partly preventing volatilisation. Addition of recycled glass provided no improvement in this respect, as it did not lowers the vitrification point
Gutsalenko, Tetiana. "Solidification/Stabilization of harbor sediments using GGBS-based hydraulic binders." Thesis, université Paris-Saclay, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPAST058.
The accumulation of sediment particles in coastal areas arises from physical, chemical, and biological processes. Anthropogenic activities dramatically increase the sedimentation rate. Sediments may contain chemical contaminants including heavy metals (HM) and are consequently a risk to the aquatic environment and human health. Regular dredging of important shipping lanes in large industrial ports is required and this produces around 100-200 million m3 of contaminated dredged material per year. Therefore, proper treatment of the contaminated sediments is necessary, with Solidification/Stabilization (S/S) remediation technology at the forefront.The current study is specifically interested in the treatment of sediment originating in the Dublin Port for its potential reuse as a fill material for the Alexandra Basin Redevelopment Project. The sediment is contaminated with heavy metals and must be stabilized by S/S technology using a hydraulic binder. This research proposes the use of ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) as an alternative binding agent to the widely used Portland cement. The objective of this study is therefore to develop an appropriate GGBS-based binder to provide the required engineering properties for further reuse of the newly formed solidified material by focusing on understanding the mechanisms having a role in the solidification of the treated sediment, but also in the stabilization of heavy metals.The compressive strength of the range of GGBS-based formulations was assessed with the UCS test and compared to the OPC-based treatment. GGBS activated by a small amount of Portland cement demonstrated a considerable increase in strength over time while that of only OPC showed a degradation of mechanical properties. To explain the obtained results, XRD, shrinkage, and microstructure investigations were conducted. In addition, the interaction of the binders with the clay fraction, organic matter, and trace metals, which were found in the studied Dublin sediments, was assessed separately through simplified models. The study of the clay fraction highlights that the phenomenon of dispersion/flocculation is one of the main mechanisms responsible for the evolution of the mechanical properties of the treated sediment. The findings from the organic matter study show a decrease of the content of some organic compounds over time, with the greatest impact observed via treatment with Portland cement. Moreover, certain heavy metals have an impact by delaying or significantly accelerating the hydration of the considered binders.The mobility of heavy metals in the treated Dublin sediment was examined using a standard leaching test. It was found that with an increase in the proportion of GGBS, the amount of leached HM decreased. Moreover, sequential extraction analysis was shown to be effective in studying the distribution of trace metals among the main sediment fractions before and after treatment. The use of GGBS as a stabilizing agent allows a decrease of the migration of heavy metals into the less stable fraction after S/S treatment. X-ray Adsorption Spectroscopy (XAS) was demonstrated to be a useful technique to explore the stabilization mechanisms, in particular changes in the chemical environment of HM (oxidation state, coordination number, etc.). It was observed that the chemical environment of Cu and Zn was not modified in the case of binders with high GGBS content
Mijno, Violaine. "Modifications de la composition de déchets métallifères, miniers et industriels, stabilisés par liants hydrauliques et soumis à des tests de lixiviation." Limoges, 2007. https://aurore.unilim.fr/theses/nxfile/default/6f5b340b-3fef-467e-af61-14e7675f4edc/blobholder:0/2007LIMO4014.pdf.
Cement-based stabilization/solidification (s/s) is a widely used treatment process for industrial and mining waste. S/s used physical and chemical properties of biding agent, to decrease pollutants leaching toward environment. Two cement matrices are used (Portland cement only or with fly ash addition). Pollutants bearing phases are sulphurs and iron oxides, for mining waste. In industrial waste, copper is incorporated in the C-S-H (1,2 %). The samples are subjected to three leaching tests to simulate the storage conditions and to understand contaminant immobilization. Exposure to the mining acid drainage shows the succession of several leaching front for the industrial waste with a particular zone of accumulation of contaminants. Cement matrix of mining waste samples is preferentially consumed compared to the mineral phases. The exchanges with an acid rainwater show a weak leach of contaminants (< 15 Cu ppm). For an in-depth storage with groundwater contact, a carbonation zone is formed decreasing the leaching process of copper
Le, Rouzic Mathieu. "Étude des propriétés physico-chimiques et mécaniques des matériaux cimentaires à base d’oxyde de magnésium." Thesis, Paris Est, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PEST1082/document.
Magnesium phosphate cements are the most representative cements of the activated-by-acid cements family. Despite the fact that they are known since the early 20th century, their use in civil engineering is fairly limited. These materials are used for road repairs where the fast compressive strength development is an advantage. Recently they have also been used in wastes stabilization/solidification (S/S), especially with wastes incompatible with Portland cement. The challenges of the use of these cements are related to the nature of their formation reaction: fast, very exothermic, with a very short setting time (only a few minutes).The bonding phase, k-struvite (MgKPO4.6H2O), is obtained from magnesium oxide mixed in water with monopotassium phosphate (KH2PO4).MgO + KH2PO4 + 5H2O MgKPO4.6H2OThe setting mechanisms are still poorly known and various theories, involving or not secondary product formation, have been suggested. Our researches have aimed to understand the setting mechanisms, as well as the influence of the formulation parameters on the properties of the magnesium phosphate cement. Results show that the formation of k-struvite involved a precipitation-dissolution reaction of an intermediate product, the newberyite (MgHPO4.3H2O). Formation reactions of these two products are controlled by the supersaturation rate and the pH of the solution. The study highlights the strong effect of water on the properties of fresh cement paste. With a low mass ratio e/c in comparison of Portland cement (ratio e/c between 0,1 and 0,25), a slight modification of the ratio (0,02) leads to a segregation and a surface heterogeneity of the cement paste. Among the formulation parameters, the molar ratio MgO/KH2PO4 (Mg/P) seems the most important parameter. Indeed, it impacts most of the properties of the magnesium phosphate cement (compressive strength, setting time, reaction heat, paste fluidity …). Low Mg/P ratios lead to poor water resistance, to crystals formation inside the microstructure that can be seen on the surface of the sample (an efflorescence appearance), and to important swelling of the paste, leading to the cracking of the samples. After the parametric study, a magnesium phosphate cement paste has been defined. Dimensional changes and chemical shrinkage measurement were conducted to understand the mechanisms involved in this swelling phenomenon. In support, microstructural analyses (SEM, XRD, TGA) and leaching tests complete the experimental campaign. The results confirm the influence of a low Mg/P ratio on cement swelling and water resistance. Finally, a study on various additions to the paste has been conducted, with the purpose of improving the cement paste performances. It shows that the addition of an inert filler (siliceous sand or fly ashes) has a retarding effect and reduced the reaction heat
Wang, Xiao. "Méthodologies de valorisation de sédiments mises en oeuvre dans des ouvrages géotechniques en Chine." Thesis, Normandie, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019NORMC259.
The objective of this work concerns the resource utilization of the marine sediment set, by an approach of the methodologies implemented in China. The processes for stabilizing and solidifying the selected sediments are based on hydraulic binders and activators for various construction work.The first chapter introduces the concepts of sediments in China (distribution) and their management in coastal areas (resource utilization).The second chapter is a bibliographical study of current practices on sediment recovery using hydraulic binders. In this section, we mainly discuss the techniques and their principles as well as laboratory tests. This takes into account the current development and trends in construction on China's coastline, as well as current sediment management (from a regulatory perspective), the subject of the first introductory chapter.The second chapter is devoted to the methodology of general characterization of the materials used: sediments and components. How are the physical and chemical characteristics, mineral composition and environmental impact of the dredging sediments to be treated and the binders used.The third chapter presents the technique of solidification/stabilization through five projects for different geotechnical works. For each case of study, laboratory tests and on-site tests are described. Then the analysis of the results of tests in order to compare the effectiveness of the different treatments applied is carried out precisely on the effects of the materials implemented within the proposed works.The fourth concluding chapter focuses on assessing the environmental impact of sediment solidification and on the comprehensive analysis of the application of treated marine sediments in construction work in particular benefits social and economic growth. A perspective of work to be pursued, and needs for applied research are the final chapter
Picquet, Isabelle. "Techniques de stabilisation physico-chimique à base de liant hydraulique appliquées aux résidus miniers sulfurés et arséniés." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995INPL141N.
Richaud, Dominique. "Optimisation des caractéristiques des résidus vitreux obtenus à l'issue du traitement de déchets radioactifs par torche à plasma." Grenoble INPG, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999INPG0183.
Donze, Sébastien. "Conversion des chlorures de métaux lourds en verres de phosphate." Compiègne, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999COMP1222.
During fly ash vitrification processes, heavy metals volatilize and are recovered into chlorinated salts, called secondary ashes. Due to the volatility of heavy metal chloride compounds, the thermal treatment of these secondary ashes must involve first the conversion of the toxic chlorinated salts into a thermaly stable form. Therefore, we propose a method for the stabilisation of heavy metal wastes generated in fly ashes vitrification processes, based on the batch conversion of çhlorinated species (heavy metal chlorides and alkali chlorides) with ammonium dihydrogenphosphate, that produces phosphate glasses. Our approach of the problem is dual. First, we have stated, thanks to elemental analyses, the different chemical reactions of the conversion mechanism as a fonction of the batch composition. Secondly, the structural study of the phosphate glasses obtained by the thermal conversion process have been achieved using NMR spectroscopy. To set about this study, we have prepared synthetic mixtures to be converted. The first one is a simplified batch, containing PbC12 and CdCl2 only. The second one contains also also sodium chloride and potassium chloride and the batch compositions are choosen so that they correspond to an average secondary ash composition. Finally, some results about the chemical durability of the phosphate glasses obtained by the conversion process are presented and the improvement of the chemical durability of these phosphate glasses with iron oxide addition is discussed
Lici, Vassili. "Prétraitement en milieu aqueux alcalin de résidus d'épuration de fumées d'incinération d'ordures ménagères avant stabilisation. Application à la solidification-stabilisation par liants hydrauliques et à la vitrification." Compiègne, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996COMPD882.
Liang, Yingjie. "Co-valorisation de sédiments et de sols fins par apport de liants et de fibres." Phd thesis, Université de Caen, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00731611.