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Journal articles on the topic 'Solid Gold 1'

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Published: 24 June 2021
Last updated: 17 February 2022

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1

Liu, Liping, Jinglin Kong, Xiao Xie, Hongwen Wu, Xiaofeng Ye, Zhiliang Zhao, Lei Wang, and Quanjun Liu. "Gold nanorod translocation through a solid-state nanopore." Chinese Science Bulletin 59, no. 7 (January 29, 2014): 598–605. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11434-013-0109-1.

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2

Xiao-Guang, Ma, Sun Wei-Guo, and Cheng Yan-Song. "Theoretical Studies on Photoionization Cross Sections of Solid Gold." Communications in Theoretical Physics 43, no. 1 (January 2005): 159–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0253-6102/43/1/030.

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3

Jones, Peter G., and Birte Ahrens. "Gold(I)-Komplexe mit Aminliganden, II. (Methylpyridin)-Komplexe von Gold(I) Gold(I) / Complexes with Amine Ligands, II. Methylpyridine Complexes of Gold(I)." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 53, no. 7 (July 1, 1998): 653–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znb-1998-0702.

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Abstract Gold(I) complexes of overall formula LAuCl (L = various methylpyridines) are non-conducting in acetone. X-ray structure analyses show that the solid state structure of the cor­ responding complex 1 (L = 2-picoline) is molecular; the 3-picoline derivative 2 is however ionic (L2Au)+(AuCl2)-. 3-Picoline forms a molecular complex LAuC6F5 (3) and also the ionic (L2Au)+(SbF6)- (4). Complexes 1, 2 and 4 display short Au ··· Au contacts, leading to chains of gold atoms; additionally, complexes 3 and 4 show weak Au ··· F contacts. The (3-picoline)-gold(III) complex trans-(L2AuCl2)+(SbF6)- (5) was obtained as a by-product; it too contains short Au ··· F contacts.
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4

Rösner, H., O. Kuhlmann, and E. Nembach. "Dislocation configurations in ordered copper–10 at.% gold solid solutions." Materials Science and Engineering: A 242, no. 1-2 (February 1998): 296–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0921-5093(97)00721-1.

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5

Donatan, Senem, Mehmet Sarikaya, Candan Tamerler, and Mustafa Urgen. "Effect of solid surface charge on the binding behaviour of a metal-binding peptide." Journal of The Royal Society Interface 9, no. 75 (April 4, 2012): 2688–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2012.0060.

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Over the last decade, solid-binding peptides have been increasingly used as molecular building blocks coupling bio- and nanotechnology. Despite considerable research being invested in this field, the effects of many surface-related parameters that define the binding of peptide to solids are still unknown. In the quest to control biological molecules at solid interfaces and, thereby, tailoring the binding characteristics of the peptides, the use of surface charge of the solid surface may probably play an important role, which then can be used as a potential tuning parameter of peptide adsorption. Here, we report quantitative investigation on the viscoelastic properties and binding kinetics of an engineered gold-binding peptide, 3RGBP 1, adsorbed onto the gold surface at different surface charge densities. The experiments were performed in aqueous solutions using an electrochemical dissipative quartz crystal microbalance system. Hydrodynamic mass, hydration state and surface coverage of the adsorbed peptide films were determined as a function of surface charge density of the gold metal substrate. Under each charged condition, binding of 3rGBP 1 displayed quantitative differences in terms of adsorbed peptide amount, surface coverage ratio and hydration state. Based on the intrinsically disordered structure of the peptide, we propose a possible mechanism for binding of the peptide that can be used for tuning surface adsorption in further studies. Controlled alteration of peptide binding on solid surfaces, as shown here, may provide novel methods for surface functionalization used for bioenabled processing and fabrication of future micro- and nanodevices.
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6

Lopatynskyi, A. M., Y. O. Malymon, V. K. Lytvyn, I. V. Mogylnyi, A. E. Rachkov, A. P. Soldatkin, and V. I. Chegel. "Solid and Hollow Gold Nanostructures for Nanomedicine: Comparison of Photothermal Properties." Plasmonics 13, no. 5 (December 23, 2017): 1659–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11468-017-0675-1.

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7

Bott, Raymond C., Graham A. Bowmaker, Robbie W. Buckley, Peter C. Healy, and M. C. Senake Perera. "Synthesis, Structures and Spectroscopic Properties of 1 : 1 Complexes of Gold(I) Halides with Trimesitylphosphine." Australian Journal of Chemistry 53, no. 3 (2000): 175. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ch99165.

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Monomeric two-coordinate gold(I) complexes, [Au(P(mes)3)X] (P(mes)3 = tris(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)phosphine, X = Cl, Br and I), have been prepared and characterized by single-crystal X-ray structure determinations, far-infrared spectroscopy and solution and solid-state CPMAS 31 P n.m.r. spectroscopy. X-Ray structure determinations show that crystals obtained from solutions of [NBu4] [AuX2] and P(mes)3 in acetonitrile for X = Cl, Br and I and in dimethylformamide (dmf) for X = Br and I form an isomorphous series of complexes, crystallizing in space group P21/c with a ª 8, b ª 22, c ª 13 Å, b ª 98˚ (a form). Crystallization of the chloride from dimethylformamide yields the solvated complex [Au(P(mes)3)X]·(dmf) in space group P2/a with a 15.224(2), b 10.070(1), c 18.210(4) Å, b 100.42(2)˚. Electrochemical synthesis of the complexes for X = Cl and Br yield two new crystalline phases; the chloride in space group P21/c with a 10.249(2), b 8.189(2), c 31.844(3) Å, b 91.68(1)˚ (b form) and the bromide in space group Pbca with a 19.208(4), b 15.586(3), c 16.962(4) Å ( g form). The Au–P bond lengths increase in the order Cl < Br < I with distances c. 0.02–0.03 Å longer than average values for other [Au(PR3)X] complexes, reflecting steric congestion by the P(mes)3 ligand. For the unsolvated complexes, the Au–X distances are c. 0.02 Å shorter than average values. For the Cl/dmf solvate, both Au–P and Au–X bond lengths increase. For the a complexes, far-infrared spectra show n(Au 35,37 Cl) 336, 329 cm –1 , n(AuBr) 234 cm –1 and n(AuI) 195 cm –1 and solid-state 31 P CPMAS n.m.r. spectra yield broad peaks with d–3.9 (Cl), –0.6 (Br) and +6.0 I). For the Cl/dmf solvate, n(Au 35,37 Cl) are 334, 327 cm –1 and d is –4.4. Solution 31 P n.m.r. spectra in CDCl3 give sharp single peaks at d –5.0 (Cl), –1.4 (Br) and +5.5 (I) with the similarity of the values with those for the solid-state spectra consistent with similar conformational structures for the [Au(P(mes)3)X] molecules in the two states.
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8

Adlim, Adlim, and Mohamad Abu Bakar. "PREPARATION OF CHITOSAN-GOLD NANOPARTICLES: PART 2. THE ROLE OF CHITOSAN." Indonesian Journal of Chemistry 8, no. 3 (June 17, 2010): 320–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/ijc.21585.

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Colloidal gold nanoparticles prepared by employing chitosan as the stabilizer in solvent of methanol-acetic acid solution were stable for months without precipitation. The mole ratio of chitosan-gold ions of 5:1 - 30:1 gave dispersed and fine gold particles in range of 9.4-10.4 nm. Gold reduction in chitosan matrix was faster at higher chitosan concentration, and molar ratio of chi : Au, from 5:1 to 40:1. Higher acidity of acetic acid (pH 2-6) led to faster reduction of gold ions. The intensity of gold metal colloid plasmon band increased at higher concentration of acetic acid. Chitosan functioned both as a stabilizer and a reducing agent for gold ions. Gold colloidal particles immobilized on chitosan coated TiO2 as the solid support gave more dispersed and smaller particles (4.6 nm) compared with gold particles supported on TiO2 without chitosan coating. Keywords: gold nanoparticles, chitosan, chitosan coated TiO2
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9

Tzeng, Biing-Chiau, Johann Zank, Annette Schier, and Hubert Schmidbaur. "The Structural Chemistry of GoId(I) Quinoline-2-thiolate and Iodide Complexes of Polytertiary Phosphines." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 54, no. 7 (July 1, 1999): 825–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znb-1999-0701.

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Treatment of (chloro)gold(I) complexes of di- and tetra-tertiary phosphines with equivalent quantities of sodium quinoline-2-thiolate in methanol / dichloromethane affords the corresponding (phosphine)gold(I) quinoline-2-thiolates in high yields. The di- and tetranuclear complexes, respectively, of α, ω-bis(diphenylphosphino)-propane (1), -butane (2) and -pentane (3) and of tris(2-diphenylphosphino-ethyl)phosphine (4) have been obtained as crystalline solids, and the structures of 2 and 4 have been determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction studies. Unexpectedly, the molecules of 2 are loosely aggregated into strings via weak intermolecular gold-sulfur, not via Au ∙∙∙ Au interactions. Compound 4 is a monomeric tetranuclear cluster in the solid state with two intramolecular gold-gold bonds. Bis(2-diphenylphosphino-ethyl)- phenylphosphine (PPP) forms trinuclear complexes with gold(I) chloride, bromide and iodide (5a - c). The iodide complex features a chain structure through intermolecular Au ∙∙∙ Au contacts between the two terminal P-Au-I units. The closest contacts between the chains are determined by Au ∙∙∙ I and I ∙∙∙ I interactions of the central P-Au-I unit.
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10

Nguyen, Thuong Thi Kim, Huyen Thu Luu, Loi Duc Vu, Thao Thi Ta, and Giang Thi Huong Le. "Determination of Total Mercury in Solid Samples by Anodic Stripping Voltammetry." Journal of Chemistry 2021 (January 12, 2021): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/8888879.

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The anodic stripping voltammetry (ASV) was investigated to determine total mercury in solid samples using a gold electrode. The mercury was deposited on the gold electrode in a preconcentration step. The oxidation peak of mercury was irreversible. The optimal conditions of the procedure were found to be as follows: 0.05 mol L−1 HCl solution, deposition potential −0.5 V vs. Ag/AgCl/KCls, deposition time 40 s, and sweep rate 0.04 V s−1. Under the optimal conditions, the peak current showed a linear dependence on Hg2+ concentration in the range from 0.01 to 0.1 mg l−1. The detection limit and quantification limit were 4.28 µg L−1 and 12.98 µg L−1, respectively. The mean recovery and relative standard deviation were 91.2% and 2.4% (n = 9). The procedure was successfully applied for determining total mercury in samples collected from Hanoi light bulb warehouse—The Rang Dong Light Source and Vacuum Flask JSC. The results were compared with cold vapor atomic absorption spectrometry (CV-AAS).
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11

Evans, J. H., and D. J. Mazey. "Evidence for solid krypton bubbles in copper, nickel and gold at 293K." Journal of Physics F: Metal Physics 15, no. 1 (January 1985): L1—L6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0305-4608/15/1/001.

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12

Leshchenko, Egor D., Masoomeh Ghasemi, Vladimir G. Dubrovskii, and Jonas Johansson. "Nucleation-limited composition of ternary III–V nanowires forming from quaternary gold based liquid alloys." CrystEngComm 20, no. 12 (2018): 1649–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7ce02201h.

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13

Huang Haitao, 黄海涛, 李敏 Li Min, 金琳 Jin Lin, 王辉 Wang Hui, 刘翩 Liu Pian, and 沈德元 Shen Deyuan. "Passively Q-Switched 1 μm Solid-State Laser Using Gold Nanorod as Saturable Absorber." Chinese Journal of Lasers 44, no. 7 (2017): 0703021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/cjl201744.0703021.

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14

van Zyl, Werner E., José M. López-de-Luzuriaga, John P. Fackler Jr., and Richard J. Staples. "Dithiophosphinates of gold (I); oxidative addition of Cl2 to a neutral, dinuclear gold(I) dithiophosphinate complex, and X-ray crystal structures of [AuS2P(C2H5)2]2, [AuS2PPh2]2, Au2(CH2)2PMe2(S2PPh2), and Au2Cl2[(CH2)2PMe2][S2PPh2]." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 79, no. 5-6 (May 1, 2001): 896–903. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v01-019.

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The formation and characterization of dinuclear gold(I) dialkyl- and diaryl-dithiophosphinate complexes of the type [AuS2PR2]2 are described. The complexes are readily prepared from the reaction between a chloro–gold(I) starting material and the corresponding dithiophosphinate salt. The structures of the complexes show both the absence (R = Et, 1) and presence (R = Ph, 2a) of intermolecular Au···Au interactions as confirmed by X-ray crystallographic study in the solid state. Reaction between [AuS2PPh2]2 and [Au(CH2)2PMe2]2 in CH2Cl2 solution leads to a ligand transfer reaction to form the hetero-bridged complex [Au2{(CH2)2PMe2S2PPh2}] (3a) in high yield. Additionally, the latter complex reacts with Cl2 to form the oxidative addition product [Au2Cl2{(CH2)2PMe2S2PPh2}] (4), the first gold(II) complex with a S-P-S bridging moiety. The X-ray crystal structure of both 3a and 4 exhibit rare boat conformations in the solid state, and 4 has a formal Au(II)—Au(II) single bond of 2.5611(5) Å. Reaction between [AuS2PPh2]2 and dppm (dppm = Ph2PCH2PPh2) leads to a sparsely soluble three-coordinate dinuclear gold(I) complex with the molecular formula [Au2{dppmS2PR2}2]n (n = 1 or [Formula: see text]) (5).Key words: dithiophosphinates, ylide, dithiols, gold-gold bond.
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15

Bott, Raymond C., Graham A. Bowmaker, Robbie W. Buckley, Peter C. Healy, and M. C. Senake Perera. "Synthesis, Structures and Spectroscopic Properties of 1 : 1 Complexes of Gold(I) Halides with Tricyclohexylphosphine, [Au(PCy3)X], X = Cl, Br and I." Australian Journal of Chemistry 52, no. 4 (1999): 271. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/c98146.

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Two-coordinate gold(I) complexes, [Au(PCy3)X] (PCy3 = tricyclohexylphosphine, X = Cl, Br and I), have been prepared by reaction of stoichiometric quantities of [NBu4] [AuX2] and PCy3 in dimethylformamide and, for X = Cl and Br, by anodic dissolution of metallic gold in a solution of aqueous HX and PCy3 in acetonitrile. The complexes were characterized by solution and solid-state 31 P n.m.r. spectroscopy, far-infrared spectroscopy and single-crystal X-ray structure determinations. The chloride, bromide and iodide complexes form an isomorphous series, crystallizing in the triclinic space group P 1- (a ≈ 9·3, b ≈ 10·3, c ≈ 10·9 Å, α ≈ 88, β ≈ 80, γ ≈ 77°) as discrete molecules which stack in parallel head-to-tail mode to form a zigzag chain of gold atoms along the crystallographic c axis. Au ··· Au separations are 5·71, 6·20 Å for X = Cl, 5·72, 6·17 Å for X = Br and 5·74, 6·20 Å for X = I. The iodide also crystallizes as an orthorhombic form in space group Pnma (a 16·809(4), b 14·373(5), c 8·623(3) Å) with a different conformational structure for the PCy3 ligand and loss of the zigzag chain structure. Far-infrared spectra of the complexes show ν(AuX) at 332, 324 cm-1 for X = Cl and 232 cm-1 for X = Br with multiple bands in the region 150−200 cm-1 for both iodide complexes, precluding definitive assignment of ν(AuI). Solution 31 P n.m.r. spectra in chloroform give sharp single peaks with chemical shifts of 54·5, 56·6 and 59·9 ppm for X = Cl, Br and I respectively. The solid-state CPMAS 31 P n.m.r. spectra also yield single peaks with chemical shifts of 55 (Cl), 58 (Br) and 63 ppm (I) for the triclinic complexes and 57 ppm for the orthorhombic iodide. The chemical shift differences between the two forms of the iodide and between the complexes in the solution and solid states are ascribed to variations in the conformational structure of the phosphine ligands.
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16

Huang, Jie, Guo Wang, and Jun Zhang. "Solid phase extraction and a spectrophotometric method for the determination of trace amounts of gold with 4-rhodanineazo benzoic acid." Journal of the Serbian Chemical Society 74, no. 10 (2009): 1133–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/jsc0910133h.

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The synthesis and application of 4-rhodanineazo benzoic acid (4-BARA) as a new chromogenic reagent for the determination of gold is described. A highly sensitive, selective, and fast method for the determination of gold based on its rapid reaction with 4-rhodanineazo benzoic acid and the solid phase extraction of the colored complex on a reversed phase Clean-up? C5 cartridge was developed. In the presence of 0.02-0.2 mol/L phosphoric acid solution and a polyoxyethylene nonylphenol ether (emulsifier-OP) medium, 4-rhodanineazo benzoic acid reacted with gold to form a colored complex with a gold-to-4-BARA molar ratio of 1:2. The complex was enriched by solid phase extraction with a reversed phase Clean-up? C5 cartridge. The complex was eluted from the cartridge with ethanol and an enrichment factor of 50 was achieved. In ethanol medium, the molar absorptivity of the complex was 2.39?105 L mol-1 cm-1 at 505 nm. The Beer Law was obeyed in the concentration range 0.01-~1.2 ?g/mL. The relative standard deviation for eleven replicate samples at the 0.001 ?g/mL level was 2.3%. In the original sample, the detection limit was 8.0?10-5 ?g/mL. This method was applied to the determination of trace amounts of gold in ore samples with good result.
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17

Feuerstein, Thomas J., Marieke Poß, Tim P. Seifert, Sebastian Bestgen, Claus Feldmann, and Peter W. Roesky. "A highly luminescent octanuclear gold(i) carbide cluster." Chemical Communications 53, no. 64 (2017): 9012–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7cc04171c.

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An octanuclear gold(i) carbide bridged amidinate cluster [Au8{μ3-(η1:η2-CC)}2(Me3SiCCC(NDipp)2)4(tht)2], which is the first gold(i) complex with a μ3-η1:η2carbide coordination, has been synthesized. The cluster shows intense luminescence with notable high quantum yields both in the solid state and in solution.
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18

Schmidbaur, Hubert, Gabriele Weidenhiller, Oliver Steigelmann, and Gerhard Müller. "[(2-Methylphenyl)phosphin]gold(I)-bromid: Eine neue Strukturvariante für intermolekulare Au ··· Au-Kontakte bei (Phosphan)gold(I)-halogeniden / [(2-Methylphenyl)phosphine]gold(I) Bromide: A New Type of Structure for Au ··· Au Contacts in (Phosphine)gold(I) Halides." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 45, no. 6 (June 1, 1990): 747–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znb-1990-0604.

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(2-Methylphenylphosphine)gold(I) bromide has been prepared from tetrabutylammonium dibromoaurate(I) and the primary phosphine in almost quantitative yield. The structure of the compound has been determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction (space group C2/c, Z = 8). The monomer units (2-MeC6H4PH2)AuBr with an almost linear P—Au—Br axis are aggregated in the solid through short Au ··· Au contacts to give folded chains of gold atoms with alternating Au · · · Au distances of 3.097(1) and 3.380(1) A, respectively, a repetitive angle AuAuAu of 103.5(1)°, and alternating dihedral angles AuAuAuAu of 180 and ± 104.5°, respectively. The monomers in adjacent dimers (RPH2AuBr)2 are related crystallographically by a center of inversion or by a two-fold axis, respectively.
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19

ZHANG, Ai-Zhu, Fang-Gui YE, Jun-Yu LU, Zong WEI, Yan PENG, and Shu-Lin ZHAO. "Preparation and Characterization of Polymer Solid-phase Microextraction Monolith Modified with Gold Nanoparticles." Chinese Journal of Analytical Chemistry 39, no. 8 (August 2011): 1247–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1872-2040(10)60464-1.

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20

Yang, Xinchun, Zhangpeng Li, Mitsunori Kitta, Nobuko Tsumori, Wenhan Guo, Zitao Zhang, Jianbo Zhang, Ruqiang Zou, and Qiang Xu. "Solid-solution alloy nanoclusters of the immiscible gold-rhodium system achieved by a solid ligand-assisted approach for highly efficient catalysis." Nano Research 13, no. 1 (December 6, 2019): 105–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12274-019-2579-1.

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21

Lee, Shih Fong, Li Ying Lee, and Yung Ping Chang. "Controlled Growth of Germanium Nanowires via a Solid–Liquid–Solid (SLS) Mechanism." Advanced Materials Research 557-559 (July 2012): 523–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.557-559.523.

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In this study, germanium nanowires (GeNWs) were grown directly on gold-evaporated germanium substrates by a solid-liquid-solid (SLS) mechanism in the temperature range 550°C- 650°C. The growth of GeNWs is very sensitive to the growth temperature and only in a limited temperature range (575°C-625°C) can GeNWs having excellent morphology and high surface density be successfully grown. These long, thin, and straight GeNWs have a high aspect ratio and are surrounded by an oxide layer. The composition of corresponding oxide layers is GeOx (x<2). As the thickness of Au film is decreased from 9 nm to 1 nm, the average diameter of GeNWs decreases from 119.3 nm to 38.5 nm. Our experimental results demonstrate that the diameter of germanium nano¬wires can be controlled by the thickness of Au metal film.
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22

Stützer, Albert, Peter Bissinger, and Hubert Schmidbaur. "Gold Chains and Gold Pairs in the Layer Structure of 1,1,1-Tris[chloro-gold(I)-dimethylphosphanylmethyl]ethane." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 47, no. 9 (September 1, 1992): 1261–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znb-1992-0908.

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The title compound, 1,1,1-tris[chloro-gold(I)-dimethylphosphanylmethyl]ethane (1) has been prepared from the tripodal tertiary phosphine ligand and three equivalents of chloro(dimethylsulfide)gold(I) in good yield. The complex has been characterized by means of its 1H, 13C, and 31P NMR, and 197Au Mößbauer spectra, by elemental analysis, and by a single crystal X-ray structure analysis. The crystals have a layer structure. In each of the crystallographically equivalent individual molecules two of the gold(I) centers are associated via a short intramolecular Au · · · Au contact [3.077(2) Å]. These pairs of gold atoms are aligned in chains through intermolecular Au ··· Au contacts of similar distances [3.084(2) Å]. According to this structural principle, strings of complex molecules are formed. The third Au(I) center of each of these molecules is associated with a similar unit of a neighbouring chain through interstrand Au ··· Au contacts [3.179(3) Å], thus crosslinking the chains to give a layer structure. The Au · · · Au contacts are recognized to be the main structure-determining force for the conformation of the molecules and their packing in this solid phase.
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23

Refiker, Hurmus, Melek Merdivan, and Ruveyde Sezer Aygun. "Selective Preconcentration of Gold from Ore Samples." International Journal of Analytical Chemistry 2018 (September 12, 2018): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/7503202.

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A simple and selective method has been developed for preconcentration of gold in ore samples. The method is based on use of N, N-diethyl-N’-benzoylthiourea (DEBT) as selective chelating agent and Amberlite XAD-16 as solid sorbent. Sorption behavior of gold with DEBT impregnated resin under optimized conditions has been studied in batch process. The gold ion capacity of the impregnated resin is calculated as 33.48 mg g−1 resin (0.17 mmol g−1 resin). The selective preconcentration of metal was examined using gold chelates prepared in column process under optimized conditions: pH, flow rate, volume of sample solution, nature of eluent, flow rate, and volume of eluent. Under optimum conditions, gold ions at the concentration of 0.015 μg mL−1 with a preconcentration factor of 6.7 have been determined by flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS). The accuracy of the proposed method was validated by the analysis of a Cu-ore (semi-certified) supplied by CMC (Cyprus Mining Company, North Cyprus) and a certified reference material, Gold Ore (MA-1b Canmet-MMSL). Satisfactory results were obtained with a RSD of 7.6%. The highly selective proposed method does not require any interference elimination process.
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24

Schwickert, Christian, Birgit Gerke, and Rainer Pöttgen. "Gold-Tin Ordering in SrAu2Sn2." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 69, no. 7 (July 1, 2014): 767–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.5560/znb.2014-4097.

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Samples of the solid solutions SrAuxSn4−x (1:7 ≤ x ≤ 2:2) were obtained by high-frequency melting of the elements in sealed niobium ampoules. Powder and single-crystal X-ray data confirmed the CaBe2Ge2-type structure, space group P4/nmm. The structures of SrAu1.76Sn2.24, SrAu2Sn2, SrAu2.16Sn1.84 (crystal A), SrAu2.16Sn1.84 (crystal B), and SrAu2.22Sn1.78 were refined from singlecrystal diffractometer data. Only the SrAu2Sn2 crystal shows complete Au-Sn ordering while all other crystals show substantial mixed occupancies on the four crystallographically independent sites of the polyanionic networks in which the strontium atoms fill cages of coordination number 16. Temperature-dependent susceptibility measurements have revealed diamagnetism for SrAu2Sn2. 119Sn Mössbauer spectroscopic data of a bulk SrAu2Sn2 sample have resolved the tetrahedral and square-pyramidal tin sites but point to substantial Au-Sn disorder.
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25

Meng, Chao-Yu, Bo-Lin Shih, and Si-Chen Lee. "Silicon nanowires synthesized by vapor–liquid–solid growth on excimer laser annealed thin gold film." Journal of Nanoparticle Research 9, no. 4 (September 28, 2006): 657–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11051-005-4631-1.

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26

Xu, Gong-Feng, Zhan-Quan Liu, Hui-Bo Zhou, Yang Guo, and Dai-Zheng Liao. "Heteropolymetallic Supramolecular Solid-State Architectures Constructed from Dicyanoaurate Ion, Phen, and 3d Metals." Australian Journal of Chemistry 59, no. 9 (2006): 640. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ch05247.

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Two new supramolecular polymeric coordination complexes, {Zn(phen)2[Au2(CN)4](H2O)}·1.5H2O 1 and {Mn(phen)[Au2(CN)4](H2O)}·PriOH 2, have been obtained through a self-assembly process. The three-dimensional supramolecular architectures of compounds 1 and 2 are sustained by aurophilic, hydrogen-bonding, and/or π–π interactions. Gold atoms linked with aurophilic bonds arrange in a pattern not frequently observed.
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27

Taher, Deeb, Nicholas J. Taylor, and John F. Corrigan. "Phenylene-1,4- and biphenylene-4,4′-diselenolate bridged complexes of gold(I)." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 87, no. 1 (January 1, 2009): 380–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v08-159.

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Homobimetallic gold-selenolate complexes of the type [(Ph2R)PAuSe(C6H4)nSeAuP(Ph2R)] (3a, R = Et, n = 1; 3b, R = Et, n = 2; 5a, R = Ph, n = 1; 5b, R = Ph, n = 2) are obtained by the reaction of [Ph2RPAuCl] (1, R = Et; 4, R = Ph) with 0.5 equiv. of Me3SiSe(C6H4)nSeSiMe3 (2a, n = 1; 2b, n = 2) in good yield. Complex [(Pr3P)AuSe(C6H4)2SeAu(PPr3)] 7b can be prepared in a two-step synthesis procedure: treatment of [AuCl(SMe2)] 6 with 0.5 equiv. of Me3SiSe(C6H4)2SeSiMe3 2b gives [(Me2S)AuSe(C6H4)2SeAu(SMe2)], which further reacts with PPr3 to afford 7b. The new gold-selenolate complexes have been characterized by multinuclear NMR (1H, 31P, 77Se) and elemental analysis. The solid state structures of 3b, 5a, and 7b were determined by single X-ray structure analysis.Key words: gold, dimer, selenolate, biphenylene, phenylene.
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28

Aziz, A. N., R. J. Sauvé, and S. Zhou. "Genetic transformation of Stella De Oro daylily by particle bombardment." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 83, no. 4 (October 1, 2003): 873–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/p03-025.

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Daylily (Hemerocallis sp. ‘Stella de Oro’) callus cultures initiated from ovules were bombarded with gold particles coated with plasmid harboring Basta® resistance gene. Resulting putative transgenic calli were selected after 3 wk on semi-solid Murashige and Skoog’s (MS) basal medium supplemented with 10 mg L-1 1-naphthaleneacetic acid, 2 mg L-1 6-benzylaminopurine and 3 mg L-1 phosphinothricin (PPT). Surviving calli regenerated shoots after 2 mo on semi-solid MS medium supplemented with 2 mg L-1 thiadiazuron and 1 mg L-1 PPT. Polymerase chain reaction and Southern blotting were used to confirm independent transformation events. Key words: Basta® resistance, in vitro, Hemerocallis
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29

Kato, Teiji, and Takayuki Nakakawaji. "Microstructures in Lubricant Thin Layers at the Magnetic Disk Surface, Observed Using Cryogenic Atomic Force Microscopy." Australian Journal of Chemistry 59, no. 6 (2006): 394. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ch06094.

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Cryogenic Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) was used to observe perfluoropolyether (PFPE) lubricant molecules at atomically flat solid surfaces and at a magnetic disk surface to understand the lubricity of ultra-thin (1 nm) lubricant layers at the hard disk surface. Molecular imaging of PFPE lubricant molecules reveals the formation of reversed micelle structures at comparatively non-polar solid surfaces such as gold or the carbon overcoat of magnetic disks.
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30

Sebastian, C. Peter, Long Zhang, Hellmut Eckert, and Rainer Pöttgen. "Structural Investigation of ScAuSi and ScAuGe using 45Sc Solid State NMR." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 62, no. 2 (February 1, 2007): 173–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znb-2007-0206.

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The hexagonal scandium compounds ScAuSi (P6̄m2, a = 421.7(1), c = 680.7(1) pm) and ScAuGe (P63mc, a = 431.03(9), c = 685.5(1) pm) were synthesized in X-ray pure form via arc-melting of the elements. The structures are derived from the AlB2-type. The gold and silicon (germanium) atoms build up strongly puckered layers of Au3Si3 and Au3Ge3 hexagons. Due to a different puckering pattern and stacking sequence of the hexagons, the ScAuGe structure has one and the ScAuSi structure two crystallographically independent scandium sites, which can be unambiguously distinguished on the basis of 45Sc-29Si magnetic dipole-dipole interactions measured in a site selective fashion on an isotopically enriched material by solid state NMR.
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31

Lu, Zhe, Kaihang Sun, Jing Wang, Zhitao Zhang, and Changjun Liu. "A Highly Active Au/In2O3-ZrO2 Catalyst for Selective Hydrogenation of CO2 to Methanol." Catalysts 10, no. 11 (November 23, 2020): 1360. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal10111360.

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A novel gold catalyst supported by In2O3-ZrO2 with a solid solution structure shows a methanol selectivity of 70.1% and a methanol space–time yield (STY) of 0.59 gMeOH h−1 gcat−1 for CO2 hydrogenation to methanol at 573 K and 5 MPa. The ZrO2 stabilizes the structure of In2O3, increases oxygen vacancies, and enhances CO2 adsorption, causing the improved activity.
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32

Richert, Claudia, Yijuan Wu, Murilo Hablitzel, Erica T. Lilleodden, and Norbert Huber. "Image segmentation and analysis for densification mapping of nanoporous gold after nanoindentation." MRS Advances 6, no. 20 (July 14, 2021): 519–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/s43580-021-00099-w.

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AbstractSegmentation of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of focused ion beam (FIB) cross-sections through indented regions in nanoporous gold (np-Au) is carried out. A key challenge for image analysis of open porous materials is the appropriate binarization of the pore and gold ligament regions while excluding material lying below the cross-sectional plane. Here, a manual approach to thresholding is compared to global and local approaches. The global thresholding resulted in excessive deviations from the nominal solid fraction, due to a strong gray-scale gradient caused by the tilt angle during imaging and material shadowing. In contrast, the local thresholding approach delivered local solid fractions that were free of global gradients, and delivered a quality comparable to the manual segmentation. The extracted densification profiles vertically below the indenter as well as parallel to the surface showed an exponential-type decay from the indenter tip towards the nominal value of 1 far from the indenter. Graphic abstract
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33

Ratan, Rajiv R. "Mining genome databases for therapeutic gold: SIM2 is a novel target for treatment of solid tumors." Trends in Pharmacological Sciences 24, no. 10 (October 2003): 508–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0165-6147(03)00228-1.

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34

Mytlak, Falah A.-H. "Synthesis and characterization of Au nanoparticles for nanomedicine application." Iraqi Journal of Physics (IJP) 15, no. 35 (October 2, 2018): 109–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.30723/ijp.v15i35.59.

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Gold nanoparticles AuNPs have proven to be powerful tools in various nanomedicine applications, because of their photo-optical distinctiveness and biocompatibility. Noble metal gold nanoparticles was prepared by pulsed laser ablation method (1064-Nd: YAG with various Laser power from 200 to 800 mJ and 1 Hz frequency) in distil water. The process was characterized using UV-VIS absorption spectroscopy. Morphology and average size of nanoparticles were estimated using AFM and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis which show the nature of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). Antibacterial activity of gold nanoparticles as a function of particles concentration against gram negative bacterium Escherichia coli and gram positive bacterial Staphylococcus aureus was carried out in solid growth media. Gold nanoparticles show high antibacterial activity with zone of inhibition. Antibacterial activities of the synthesized Au nanoparticles were assessed by agar well diffusion method. The stabilized AuNPs exhibited excellent antibacterial sensitivity (12-27 mm) to E. coli and (26-38mm) to Staph aureus.
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35

Leitner, Sebastian, Manuela List, and Uwe Monkowius. "Synthesis, Characterization and Luminescence of Silver(I) and Gold(I) Complexes Bearing a Diethyl Acetal Functionalized N-Heterocyclic Carbene." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 66, no. 12 (December 1, 2011): 1255–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znb-2011-1210.

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1-(2,2ʹ-Diethoxyethyl)-3-methyl-imidazolium bromide, 1, has been prepared and used as a precursor for the synthesis of the corresponding silver bromide complex [(NHC)2Ag][AgBr2], 2. Transmetallation of 2 with (tht)AuBr (tht = tetrahydrothiophene) yields (NHC)AuBr, 3. The solid-state structures of 2 and 3 have been determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction revealing a loose aggregation of the complexes by weak metal-metal interactions. Due to the presence of these contacts, both complexes are emissive in the solid state.
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36

Thipayarat, Kamolchanok, Ekasit Nisaratanaporn, and Boonrat Lohwongwatana. "Investigation of Solid Solubility, Hardness, and Thermal Properties of Au-Ge-Sb System." Advanced Materials Research 1016 (August 2014): 336–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1016.336.

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In recent years, the Au-Ge-Sb system has been studied as a possible alternative alloy for soldering applications [1-4]. The alloy has various fbenefits such as (i) low melting temperature which allows the alloy system to be used as a drop-in solution for high performance lead-free solders, (ii) three distinct phases of different hardness values (100, 150 and 500 HV) which offer the ability to fine tune the composition and microstructure to a wide range of properties, and (iii) limited solute solubility which offers ease of control and fine-tuning of microstructure, mechanical properties and colors. Gold compositions centered around 75wt% gold were modeled and selected using the CALPHAD (CALculation of PHAse Diagram) method. Predictions were later confirmed by experimental results. The alloy solidifies in the range of 242.5-261.7 °C. The overall hardness values were measured and confirmed to be within the volume average value of all the phases combined.
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37

Wang, Fei Wang, Yi Qi Cui, Xiong Tong, and Dan Dan Xie. "Study on the Pretreatment Leaching of a Micro-Disseminated Gold Ore Deposited in Yunnan." Advanced Materials Research 1094 (March 2015): 415–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1094.415.

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In this research, a fine disseminated gold ore in Yunnan, After four ore exploration tests of chemical pretreatment, get a reasonable oxidation-leaching process that: W-1 (60 kg/t) and M-3 (45 kg/t) used in conjunction with inflated amount of 0.5 m3/h, under the condition of 75°C, stirring pretreated for 24 h, the ore sample after pretreatment was filtered to take a certain amount ,at the condition of normal temperature and pressure, NH4SCN 0.6 mol/L, KMnO4 10 g/L, slurry solid ratio of pulp is 4:1, stirring time is 5 h, pH value is 3. Under these conditions, the gold leaching rate up to 82.26%.
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38

Tang, Ping, Jing Liu, Min Wei Song, Hai Ping Yu, and Xu Zhang. "Study on the Gold Leaching Process by Potassium Ferricyanide." Materials Science Forum 814 (March 2015): 273–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.814.273.

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The traditional gold leaching method is cyanidation, which carries serious security and environmental problems. More and more attention is paid to the research on non-cyanide process. A high-arsenic-and-sulphur refractory gold concentrate in Sichuan was taken as the object of study. After the roasting-oxidation pretreatment of the sample, potassium ferricyanide was adopted to carry on the process experiment on gold-leaching. The leaching results as well as correlative process conditions were both investigated. The results showed that good leaching effects could be achieved by potassium ferricyanide. When the amount of potassium ferricyanide was 60g/L, the concentration of NaOH 0.2mol/L, the liquid-solid ratio 6:1 and the leaching process at room temperature lasted for 20h, the gold leaching rate reached 88.1%. If the leaching aid CaO2 is added simultaneously, it can contribute to the gold leaching. When the amount of CaO2 was 3g/L, the gold leaching rate increased to more than 94%, the amount of potassium ferricyanide decreased to 50g/L and the leaching time reduced to 14h.
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39

Unsal, Yunus Emre, Mustafa Tuzen, and Mustafa Soylak. "Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometric Determination of Gold After Solid-Phase Extraction of Its 2-Aminobenzothiazole Complex on Diaion SP-207." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 99, no. 2 (March 1, 2016): 534–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.5740/jaoacint.11-0490.

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Abstract An SPE of Au (III) on a 2-aminobenzothiazole–coated Diaion SP 207-column system has been developed. The parameters, including pH of solution, amount of 2-aminobenzothiazole, eluent type, sample volume, and flow rates, were examined. The effects of alkali, alkali earth, and some metals were also studied. The recovery values at optimal conditions and detection limits for Au (III) were found as &gt;95% and 3.8 μg L−1, respectively. The factor of preconcentration was 250. The RSD value was &lt;5%. The capacity of adsorption for the resin was 10.4 mg g−1. The accuracy of the method was evaluated by the use of CDN-GS-3D gold-certified reference material. The proposed procedure for the determination of gold was applied to water, mine, soil, and anodic slime samples.
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40

Ruo Redda, Andrea, Ornella Abollino, Mery Malandrino, Stefania Squadrone, Maria Cesarina Abete, Silvia Berto, Rosanna Toniolo, Francesca Durbiano, and Agnese Giacomino. "A Portable Setup for the Voltammetric Determination of Total Mercury in Fish with Solid and Nanostructured Gold Electrodes." Molecules 24, no. 10 (May 17, 2019): 1910. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules24101910.

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A simple procedure for field fish sample pretreatment was developed. This treatment in combination with square wave anodic stripping voltammetry (SW-ASV) with solid gold electrodes (SGE) and gold nanoparticle-modified glassy carbon electrodes (AuNPs-GCE) was applied for the determination of total mercury content. A certified reference material (CRM, Tuna Fish BCR 463), ten freeze-dried samples of canned tuna and two fresh fish samples were analysed both with a bench-top voltammetric analyser after microwave digestion and with a portable potentiostat after mild eating using a small commercial food warmer. The results obtained by the two SW-ASV approaches and by a Direct Mercury Analyser (DMA), the official method for mercury determination, were in very good agreement. In particular, (i) the results obtained with in field procedure are consistent with those obtained with the conventional microwave digestion; (ii) the presence of gold nanoparticles on the active electrode surface permits an improvement of the analytical performance in comparison to the SGE: the Limit of Quantification (LOQ) for mercury in fish-matrix was 0.1 μg L−1 (Hg cell concentration), corresponding to 0.06 mg kg−1 wet fish, which is a performance comparable to that of DMA. The pretreatment proposed in this study is very easy and applicable to fresh fish; in combination with a portable potentiostat, it proved to be an interesting procedure for on-site mercury determination.
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41

Moura, C. P., M. L. Masson, and C. I. Yamamoto. "EFFECT OF OSMOTIC DEHYDRATION IN THE APPLE (Pyrus malus) VARIETIES GALA, GOLD AND FUJI." Revista de Engenharia Térmica 4, no. 1 (June 30, 2005): 46. http://dx.doi.org/10.5380/reterm.v4i1.3548.

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Some raw material characteristics were evaluated in three apple varieties Gala, Gold and Fuji. The study was undertaken to collect information in order to identify the effects of initial tissue properties on mass transport phenomena in general, and osmotic processing responses in particular. The apples, obtained from the local market, were washed, peeled and cut into 10 mm cube. After this, the samples were dehydrated in sugar osmotic solution (50% w/w) at 30°C and 110 rpm of agitation. The ratio of foodstuff to osmotic solution was greater than 1:20. The mass transfer kinetics was measured in intervals of 20 minutes during 3 hours. The mass transfer kinetics of the different apple varieties has presented different behavior during the osmotic dehydration. The apples vs. Gala have presented the highest water loss and solid gain. The vs. Gold presented a lower tendency to solid uptake.
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42

Moreno-Alcántar, Salazar, Romo-Islas, Flores-Álamo, and Torrens. "Exploring the Self-Assembled Tacticity in Aurophilic Polymeric Arrangements of Diphosphanegold(I) Fluorothiolates." Molecules 24, no. 23 (December 3, 2019): 4422. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules24234422.

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Despite the recurrence of aurophilic interactions in the solid-state structures of gold(I) compounds, its rational control, modulation, and application in the generation of functional supramolecular structures is an area that requires further development. The ligand effects over the aurophilic-based supramolecular structures need to be better understood. This paper presents the supramolecular structural diversity of a series of new 1,3-bis(diphenylphosphane)propane (dppp) gold(I) fluorinated thiolates with the general formula [Au2(SRF)2(μ-dppp)] (SRF = SC6F5 (1); SC6HF4-4 (2); SC6H3(CF3)2-3,5 (3); SC6H4CF3-2 (4); SC6H4CF3-4 (5); SC6H3F2-3,4 (6); SC6H3F2-3,5 (7); SC6H4F-2 (8); SC6H4F-3 (9); SC6H4F-4 (10)). These compounds were synthesized and characterized, and six of their solid-state crystalline structures were determined using single-crystal X-ray diffraction. In the crystalline arrangement, they form aurophilic-bridged polymers. In these systems, the changes in the fluorination patterns of the thiolate ligands tune the aurophilic-induced self-assembly of the compounds causing tacticity and chiral differentiation of the monomers. This is an example of the use of ligand effects on the tune of the supramolecular association of gold complexes.
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43

SHIN, DONG-MYUNG, DONG-MEE SONG, GEEWON CHUNG, and KYEONGTAE KIM. "COMPLEXATION OF AROMATIC MOLECULES WITH NEW CALIXARENE DERIVATIVES CONTAINING TWO ARYL SULFIDE RINGS." Journal of Nonlinear Optical Physics & Materials 14, no. 04 (December 2005): 513–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218863505002967.

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The cuplike structure of calix[4]arenes is one of the most attractive features, which has been observed both in the solid state and in solution. The newly synthesized 5,11,17,23-tetrakis(3-mercaptopropyl)calix[4]arene (1) and 25,26,27,28-tetrakis(5-mercaptopenthoxy)calix[4]arene containing aryl sulfide rings (2), have four alkyl thiol linkages, which allow the calixarenes to attach onto the gold surface. Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) spectroscopy allows us to monitor the binding of calixarene derivatives on the gold surface. The 1 and 2 bind very effectively on the gold surface and self-assembled layers of 1 and 2 produce significant change in SPR signals in 30 min. Calixarenes layers are used as platforms for molecular recognition, where complementary binding sites are easily and selectively introduced. The aromatic molecules used in this study are anthracene, pyrene, coronene and rubrene. The host-guest properties of these aromatic molecules and the calixarene cavity exhibit selectivity of these aromatic molecules. The anthracene, pyrene and coronene have moderate binding affinity to the cavity, and the rubrene does not bind at all.
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44

Zachariáš, Jiří, and Matěj Němec. "Gold to aurostibite transformation and formation of Au-Ag-Sb phases: the Krásná Hora deposit, Czech Republic." Mineralogical Magazine 81, no. 4 (August 2017): 987–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/minmag.2016.080.145.

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AbstractRare phases of the Au–Ag–Sb system were recognized in the Krásná Hora Sb-Au deposit (Sb 1.5–3 wt.%; Au 3–5 ppm), Czech Republic which correspond to auriferous dyscrasite (up to 7 at.% Au), auriferous allargentum (up to 34 at.% Au), and an unnamed phase with composition similar to the eutectics (E1, E2) of the experimental Au–Ag–Sb system. The dominant ore mineral is stibnite with rare native antimony, native gold and a Ag-Au alloy. Textural relationships are well established: stibnite (early) →gold → aurostibite → native antimony (late). Gold is present in four generations: Au-1 (0–15 at.% Ag) is the most abundant type; Au-2 (20–70 at.% Ag) forms thin rims along intra-grain boundaries of Au-1; Au-3 and Au-4 are rare and almost pure (∼0 at.% Ag). The formationof most of the Au-2 and of Au-Ag-Sb phases is associated with Ag-mobilization coupled with the Au-1 to aurostibite transformation via dissolution-precipitation and solid-state diffusion processes at temperatures <200°C.
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45

Kossmann, Alexander, Rayko Ehnert, Andrea Preuß, Natalia Rüffer, Marcus Korb, Steffen Schulze, Christoph Tegenkamp, Frank Köster, and Heinrich Lang. "The di(thiourea)gold(I) complex [Au{S=C(NH2)2}2][SO3Me] as a precursor for the convenient preparation of gold nanoparticles." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 75, no. 3 (February 25, 2020): 239–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znb-2019-0213.

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AbstractThe synthesis of [Au{S=C(NH2)2}2][SO3Me] (1) (a) by the anodic oxidation of gold metal in an anolyte of thiourea and methansulfonic acid and (b) by the reaction of Au(OH)3 with an aqueous solution of methanesulfonic acid in the presence of thiourea is reported. The structure of 1 in the solid state has been determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction showing a linear S–Au–S unit with the thiourea ligands in a leaflet structure folded by 113.2(3)°. The cation of complex 1 is a dimer, based on short S · · · C interactions between two adjacent mononuclear cations. The thermal decomposition behavior of 1 was studied by TG and TG-MS confirming that it decomposes under inert gas or oxygen atmosphere in four steps in the temperature range of 200–650°C. Initial decomposition starts with the release and fragmentation of one of the thiourea ligands, followed by the anion degradation. Powder X-ray diffraction studies specified the formation of gold metal. Based on this observation, complex 1 was used as precursor for the formation of gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) in 1-hexadecylamine (c = 4.0 mol L−1) at T = 330°C without any addition of reducing agents. TEM, electron diffraction, and UV/Vis spectroscopy studies were carried out. Au NPs of size 15 ± 4 nm were formed, showing the characteristic surface plasmon resonance at 528 nm.
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46

Lin, W. J., Y. L. Li, W. X. Lan, K. P. Liu, and B. Wei. "Gold nanoparticle-enhanced amplified spontaneous emission of laser dye molecules in diode-pumped organic solid-state lasers." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 770 (March 24, 2020): 012089. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/770/1/012089.

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47

Sun, Fang, Yabin Lei, and David W. Grainger. "Ultrathin self-assembled polymer films on solid surfaces 4. Electrochemical analysis of film microstructure on gold electrodes." Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects 93 (December 1994): 191–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0927-7757(94)02893-1.

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48

Saikova, Svetlana, Alexander Pavlikov, Tatyana Trofimova, Yuri Mikhlin, Denis Karpov, Anastasiya Asanova, Yuri Grigoriev, et al. "Hybrid Nanoparticles Based on Cobalt Ferrite and Gold: Preparation and Characterization." Metals 11, no. 5 (April 25, 2021): 705. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met11050705.

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During the past few decades, hybrid nanoparticles (HNPs) based on a magnetic material and gold have attracted interest for applications in catalysis, diagnostics and nanomedicine. In this paper, magnetic CoFe2O4/Au HNPs with an average particle size of 20 nm, decorated with 2 nm gold clusters, were prepared using methionine as a reducer and an anchor between CoFe2O4 and gold. The methionine was used to grow the Au clusters to a solid gold shell (up to 10 gold deposition cycles). The obtained nanoparticles (NPs) were studied by X-Ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, X-Ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and UV-vis spectroscopy techniques. The TEM images of the obtained HNPs showed that the surface of cobalt ferrite was covered with gold nanoclusters, the size of which slightly increased with an increase in the number of gold deposition cycles (from 2.12 ± 0.15 nm after 1 cycle to 2.46 ± 0.13 nm after 10 cycles). The density of the Au clusters on the cobalt ferrite surface insignificantly decreased during repeated stages of gold deposition: 21.4 ± 2.7 Au NPs/CoFe2O4 NP after 1 cycle, 19.0 ± 1.2 after 6 cycles and 18.0 ± 1.4 after 10 cycles. The magnetic measurements showed that the obtained HNPs possessed typical ferrimagnetic behavior, which corresponds to that of CoFe2O4 nanoparticles. The toxicity evaluation of the synthesized HNPs on Chlorella vulgaris indicated that they can be applied to biomedical applications such as magnetic hyperthermia, photothermal therapy, drug delivery, bioimaging and biosensing.
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49

de Harven, E., and H. Christensen. "High-resolution immunogold labeling of cell surfaces: The hypothetical homodimeric nature of the cd5 receptor." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 46 (1988): 380–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100103966.

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Molecules exposed on cell surfaces and labeled with colloidal gold markers can be optimally demonstrated using the backscattered electron imaging (BEI) mode of the scanning electron microscope (SEM). Steric hindrance, however, limits labeling efficiency, making it necessary to use gold markers of small size for labeling at the molecular level. Using a JEOL 840 SEM equipped with a lanthanum hexaboride (LaB6) cathode, 13 nm gold particles were demonstrated. This, however, seems to represent the limit of the resolution of this type of instrument in the BEI mode. Fortunately, it has been demonstrated by Walther and Muller that 5 nm gold particles can be seen in the BEI mode, using field emission SEM.We have confirmed this observation, using the JEOL 890 field emission SEM and a solid state backscattered electron detector. Human peripheral blood lymphocytes prefixed with 0.1% glutaraldehyde, incubated with the murine monoclonal antibody LEU-1 (CD5), were labeled with a goat anti-murine IgG adsorbed on 5 nm gold particles (GAM-G5, Janssen Pharmaceutica, Beerse, Belgium) according to previously described procedures.
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50

Lee, Joon Ho, Hiromichi Ishimura, and Toshihiro Tanaka. "Novel Method Determining Contact Angle of Liquid Au on Solid Al2O3 Single Crystal (0001) Surface at 1373K." Materials Science Forum 512 (April 2006): 309–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.512.309.

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The contact angle in microscopic size is considered not always to be equal to that in macroscopic size. Recently, the authors [1] have investigated the contact angle of liquid Au on solid Al2O3 by using a micro-scale wetting method. In that research, however, it was very difficult to get clear information of the contact area. Therefore, the measurements showed considerably large scatter. In this study, a new method with a confocal scanning laser microscope utilizing He-Ne laser beam of 632.8nm and 1.5mW was employed to determine the contact angle in microscopic size. A small piece of gold particle was placed on a solid Al2O3 single crystal substrate which was polished to have the roughness of less than 0.1nm. With flowing a highly purified Ar gas, the sample was heated to 1373K. When the sample was melted to form a liquid drop of spherical shape, the height and width of the gold drop was measured by the confocal scanning laser microscope. The contact angle was then evaluated from the relationship between the height and width of the drop. [1] By applying this method, the contact angle of liquid Au of 100 µm in radius on solid Al2O3 single crystal of (0001) facet was estimated to be 134 ± 3o. This result is almost the same as that (133~134o) by using the micro-scale wetting method.
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