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Journal articles on the topic 'Solid’s behavior'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 30 May 2022

Last updated: 31 May 2022

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1

Grau Turuelo, Constantino, Sebastian Pinnau, and Cornelia Breitkopf. "Estimating a Stoichiometric Solid’s Gibbs Free Energy Model by Means of a Constrained Evolutionary Strategy." Materials 14, no. 2 (January 19, 2021): 471. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14020471.

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Modeling of thermodynamic properties, like heat capacities for stoichiometric solids, includes the treatment of different sources of data which may be inconsistent and diverse. In this work, an approach based on the covariance matrix adaptation evolution strategy (CMA-ES) is proposed and described as an alternative method for data treatment and fitting with the support of data source dependent weight factors and physical constraints. This is applied to a Gibb’s Free Energy stoichiometric model for different magnesium sulfate hydrates by means of the NASA9 polynomial. Its behavior is proved by: (i) The comparison of the model to other standard methods for different heat capacity data, yielding a more plausible curve at high temperature ranges; (ii) the comparison of the fitted heat capacity values of MgSO4·7H2O against DSC measurements, resulting in a mean relative error of a 0.7% and a normalized root mean square deviation of 1.1%; and (iii) comparing the Van’t Hoff and proposed Stoichiometric model vapor-solid equilibrium curves to different literature data for MgSO4·7H2O, MgSO4·6H2O, and MgSO4·1H2O, resulting in similar equilibrium values, especially for MgSO4·7H2O and MgSO4·6H2O. The results show good agreement with the employed data and confirm this method as a viable alternative for fitting complex physically constrained data sets, while being a potential approach for automatic data fitting of substance data.

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2

Yoshida, Sanichiro. "Comprehensive description of deformation and fracture of solids as wave dynamics." Mathematics and Mechanics of Solids 22, no. 5 (December 28, 2015): 1094–115. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1081286515616859.

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A field theory of deformation and fracture is presented. Applying the principle of local symmetry to the law of elasticity, this theory is capable of describing elastic deformation, plastic deformation, and fracture of solids based on the same theoretical basis. Using the Lagrangian formalism, the theory derives field equations analogous to the Maxwell equations of electrodynamics. The field equations yield wave solutions that represent the spatiotemporal behaviors of the velocity and rotation fields of solids under deformation. The dynamics of elastic deformation and plastic deformation are differentiated by the form of the longitudinal force acting on a unit volume. In the field equations, this longitudinal effect acts as the source term. In the elastic dynamics, the source term represents a restoring (energy-conservative) force proportional to the displacement from the equilibrium, and in the plastic dynamics it represents an energy-dissipative force proportional to the local velocity. Both effects are interpreted as the solid’s reaction to the external load. Fracture is characterized by the final stage of deformation, where the solid loses both energy-conservative and energy-dissipative reaction mechanisms. These behaviors are observed as different forms in the wave characteristics of the dynamics. Elastic deformation is characterized by longitudinal compression waves, while plastic deformation is characterized by transverse decaying waves. In the transitional stage from the elastic to the plastic regime, a solitary wave is generated if a certain condition is satisfied. Experimental observations of solids that exhibit these wave characteristics of the deformation field are presented.

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3

Venkatasubramanian, Srikanth, Hiroyuki Tashiro, George E. Klinzing, and Kenneth Mykelbust. "Solids flow behavior in bends: assessing fine solids buildup." Powder Technology 113, no. 1-2 (November 2000): 124–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0032-5910(00)00217-5.

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4

Zak, Michail. "Post-Instability Behavior of Solids." Transactions of the Canadian Society for Mechanical Engineering 9, no. 4 (December 1985): 200–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/tcsme-1985-0027.

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The necessity of model reformulation in elasticity results from the failure of hyperbolicity of the governing equations of motion for classical models. The reformulation is based upon the introduction of additional kinematical microstructures in the form of multivalued displacement and velocity field (or fractal functions) which arc generated by the mechanism of the instability. The small scale motions describing this microstructure interact with the original large scale motion and restore the hyperbolicity of new governing equations of motion. The applications of the reformulated models to the problem of vibrational control and impact energy absorption are discussed.

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5

Frenkel, Daan, Peter Bladon, Peter Bolhuis, and Maarten Hagen. "Liquid-Like Behavior in Solids." Molecular Simulation 16, no. 1-3 (January 1996): 127–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08927029608024067.

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6

Chiang, C. R. "Mechanical behavior of cracked solids." Engineering Fracture Mechanics 43, no. 6 (December 1992): 1019–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0013-7944(92)90031-9.

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7

Liu, Yancong, Yingya Wu, Xiaogang Shi, Chengxiu Wang, Jinsen Gao, and Xingying Lan. "3D CPFD Simulation of Circulating Fluidized Bed Downer and Riser: Comparisons of Flow Structure and Solids Back-Mixing Behavior." Processes 8, no. 2 (February 1, 2020): 161. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr8020161.

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The difference of gas-solids flow between a circulating fluidized bed (CFB) downer and riser was compared by computational particle fluid dynamics (CPFD) approach. The comparison was conducted under the same operating conditions. Simulation results demonstrated that the downer showed much more uniform solids holdup and solids velocity distribution compared with the riser. The radial non-uniformity index of the solids holdup in the riser was over 10 times than that in the downer. In addition, small clusters tended to be present in the whole downer, large clusters tended to be present near the wall in riser. It was found that the different cluster behavior is important in determining the different flow behaviors of solids in the downer and riser. While the particle residence time increased evenly along the downward direction in the downer, particles with both shorter and longer residence time were predicted in the whole riser. The nearly vertical cumulative residence time distribution (RTD) curve in the downer further demonstrated that the solids back-mixing in the downer is limited while that in the riser is severe. Solids turbulence in the downer was much weaker compared with the riser, while the large clusters formation near the wall in the riser would hinder solids transportation ability.

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8

Cheng, Yingchao, and Huan Li. "Rheological behavior of sewage sludge with high solid content." Water Science and Technology 71, no. 11 (March 31, 2015): 1686–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2015.152.

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Sludge rheological properties play a fundamental role in determining its performance in pipes, tanks or reactors. However, the relative information on high-solids sludge is very rare. In this study, the rheological properties of high-solids sludge were investigated systematically and a new rheological model was built. The results showed that the low-solids sludge with total solids content (TS) 2–15% was pseudoplastic fluid, and the high-solids sludge with TS 7–15% exhibited thixotropic property. Sludge viscosity increased exponentially with the increasing TS, and decreased in function of power along with the increasing shear rate. The new complex model combining the exponential model and the power model can perfectly describe the relation between TS, shear rate and viscosity of the high-solids sludge. Both sludge organic content and temperature have influence on sludge viscosity, but the influence was not significant for the low-solids sludge. For the high-solids sludge with TS 6%, 8%, 10% and 12%, their viscosities increased by 5.0, 9.1, 25.7 and 24.9 times, respectively, when sludge organic content increased from 28% to 53%, and decreased by 36.5%, 49.5%, 54.0% and 65.4%, respectively, when sludge temperature rose from 9 to 55 °C.

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9

Han, Tong-Seok, and Sang-Yeop Chung. "NM-KR-4 Effect of Intergranular Misorientation on Behavior of Polycrystalline Solids during Elastoplastic Deformation." Proceedings of Mechanical Engineering Congress, Japan 2012 (2012): _NM—KR—4–1—_NM—KR—4–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmemecj.2012._nm-kr-4-1.

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10

Buonsanti, Michele, Giovanni Leonardi, Francesco Scoppelliti, and F. Cirianni. "Dynamic Behavior of Granular Mixture Solids." Key Engineering Materials 488-489 (September 2011): 541–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.488-489.541.

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In this paper a theoretical and numerical study of impulsive loads over a granular medium free surface has been developed. We will model a real case, as a high deformable solid impacting a less deformable surface, and consequently subject to micro and macro medium failure. Developing a macroscopic approach we resolve the macro-stress in the homogenized two-dimensional medium and subsequently apply a representative volume element (RVE) analysis modeling to the micro-scale. The problem is developed by energetic approach on an elasto-plastic element using an energy functional containing bulk and surface contributions. Finally, a numerical application is presented.

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11

Zhang, C. H., and D. Gross. "Dynamic Behavior of Damaged Brittle Solids." ZAMM - Journal of Applied Mathematics and Mechanics / Zeitschrift für Angewandte Mathematik und Mechanik 79, S1 (1999): 131–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/zamm.19990791335.

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12

Li, JiangYu, and Martin L. Dunn. "Viscoelectroelastic behavior of heterogeneous piezoelectric solids." Journal of Applied Physics 89, no. 5 (March 2001): 2893–903. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1337595.

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13

Leitáo, V. "Plasticity and failure behavior of solids." Engineering Analysis with Boundary Elements 9, no. 2 (January 1992): 189. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0955-7997(92)90062-c.

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14

Seetharaman, V., S. M. Doraivelu, and H. L. Gegel. "Plastic deformation behavior of compressible solids." Journal of Materials Shaping Technology 8, no. 4 (December 1990): 239–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02833820.

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15

Tze-jer, Chuang, and Mai Yiu-Wing. "Flexural behavior of strain-softening solids." International Journal of Solids and Structures 25, no. 12 (1989): 1427–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0020-7683(89)90110-8.

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16

Kharko, O. V. "Structural behaviour of continuous solid solution SmCo1-xFexO3." Functional Materials 21, no. 2 (June 30, 2014): 226–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/fm21.02.226.

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17

Chakrabarti, B. K., and A. K. Sen. "Melting behaviour of percolating solids." Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter 2, no. 46 (November 19, 1990): 9183–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0953-8984/2/46/017.

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18

Nitta, Koh―hei. "Neck Drawing Behavior in Semicrystalline Polymer Solids." Seikei-Kakou 24, no. 7 (June 20, 2012): 389–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.4325/seikeikakou.24.389.

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19

Iyer, Sumantu, Maen Alkhader, and T. A. Venkatesh. "Electromechanical behavior of auxetic piezoelectric cellular solids." Scripta Materialia 99 (April 2015): 65–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scriptamat.2014.11.030.

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20

Kim, Sung Won, Won Namkung, and Sang Done Kim. "Solids Behavior in Freeboard of FCC Regenerator." JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING OF JAPAN 33, no. 1 (2000): 78–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1252/jcej.33.78.

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21

Lobzova, R. V., and T. A. Ziborova. "BEHAVIOR OF HIGH-CARBON SOLIDS DURING METAMORPHISM." International Geology Review 30, no. 2 (February 1988): 187–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00206818809466000.

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22

Nitta, Koh-Hei, and Takashi Ishiburo. "Ultimate tensile behavior of linear polyethylene solids." Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics 40, no. 18 (August 8, 2002): 2018–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/polb.10264.

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23

Pohl, Herbert A. "Theories of electronic behavior in macromolecular solids." Journal of Polymer Science Part C: Polymer Symposia 17, no. 1 (March 7, 2007): 13–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/polc.5070170104.

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24

Murzewski, Janusz W. "Nonlinear Behavior of Ductile Quasi-homogeneous Solids." International Journal of Damage Mechanics 15, no. 1 (January 2006): 69–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1056789506058048.

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25

Levin, Franklyn K. "Reflection point behavior in transversely isotropic solids." GEOPHYSICS 59, no. 2 (February 1994): 309–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1443593.

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One way of representing a subsurface that displays azimuthal anisotropy is to assume transverse isotropy with a horizontal symmetry axis. For solids that can be described in this manner, rays for reflection from a horizontal plane lie in a plane of incidence for P-P, SV-SV, and SH-SH reflection but the plane wave direction generally differs from the ray direction. For P-SV reflections, the reflection points are in the plane of incidence only for profiles parallel to or perpendicular to the symmetry direction. Except for profiles perpendicular to the symmetry direction, P-P and SV-SV moveout velocities have no obvious relation to the travel velocities of the rays.

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26

Afonso, Rui, Adélio Mendes, and Luís Gales. "Peptide-based solids: porosity and zeolitic behavior." J. Mater. Chem. 22, no. 5 (2012): 1709–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c1jm13568f.

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27

Silva, M. A., and F. V. Souza. "Drying Behavior of Binary Mixtures of Solids." Drying Technology 22, no. 1-2 (December 31, 2004): 165–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1081/drt-120028225.

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28

Chong, A. C. M., Fan Yang, David C. C. Lam, and Pin Tong. "Mechanics Framework for Micron-Scale Planar Structures." Advanced Materials Research 9 (September 2005): 173–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.9.173.

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Structures are assemblies of planar and three-dimensional objects. Planar components and parts are commonly because the deformation behaviors of plates and beams can be analyzed within the plane problem framework. For micron-scale structures, patterning processes in microfabrications are intrinsically planar and the resulting fabricated structures are also planar. These planar micron-scale structures have been designed and analyzed using conventional mechanics, but increasingly as the sizes of these structures become smaller, higher order effects become significant. In nanometer-scale, surfaces were recognized to play significant roles in affecting the physical behavior. Size dependent elastic and plastic deformation behaviors in micron-scale structures were also observed. Size dependence is an intrinsic part of higher order theory of mechanics and has been used successfully to explain scale dependent behavior in threedimensional structures. In this paper, two-dimensional higher order elastic relations in plane stress and plane strain for compressible solids are developed. The difference between the higher order and conventional elasticity theories is compared

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29

Li, Shao Chun, Peng Zhang, Tie Jun Zhao, Zu Quan Jin, and Song Gao. "Preparation of SiC_w/Al₂O₃ Composite Sheets through Gel-Tape-Casting Process." Materials Science Forum 675-677 (February 2011): 119–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.675-677.119.

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In this paper, the gel-tape-casting process was applied to manufacture multilayer green sheets of SiCw /Al2O3 composite. The influence of SiCw, ball milling time and solids loading on the rheological behaviors of SiCw/Al2O3 slurries were investigated. It was found that the slurries exhibited a shear thinning behavior. The viscosity of the slurry increased with increasing of the fraction of SiCw. A stable slurry with 40 vol.% solids loading was prepared when 20 vol.% of SiCw was added. The flexural strength of the green sheet showed a trend of increasing firstly and then decreasing with SiCw increasing. The optimal mechanical properties of 40.2 MPa for flexural strength was obtained when SiCw contents was 20 vol.%. SEM observation indicated that significant whisker alignment was present in the composite tape, which was considered as one of parameters affecting toughening process.

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30

Gibson, L. J. "Cellular Solids." MRS Bulletin 28, no. 4 (April 2003): 270–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/mrs2003.79.

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AbstractThis brief article describes the content of this issue of MRS Bulletin on Cellular Solids. Cork, wood, sponge, and bone are all examples of cellular solids in nature. Engineered honeycombs and foams are now made from polymers, metals, ceramics, and glasses, and their structure gives them unique properties that can be exploited in a variety of applications. The articles in this issue provide an overview of the fabrication, structure, properties, and applications of such porous solids as cellular ceramics, aluminum and other metallic foams, and scaffolds for tissue engineering, as well as discussions of techniques for understanding, modeling, and measuring their behavior and properties.

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31

Zhang, Fangfang, Keyan Li, Dongfeng Xue, and Shilie Pan. "Hydrogen Bonding Behaviors in Inorganic Solids." Reviews in Advanced Sciences and Engineering 1, no. 1 (March 1, 2012): 75–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/rase.2012.1005.

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32

Ganghoffer, Jean-Francois, and Patrick Onck. "Foreword: Mechanical behaviour of cellular solids." Journal of Materials Science 40, no. 22 (November 2005): 5791. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10853-005-5074-x.

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33

Guo, Shao Hua. "The Coupled Thermo-Hydro-Mechanical Behavior of Saturated Fractured Solids." Applied Mechanics and Materials 204-208 (October 2012): 123–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.204-208.123.

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The stress equilibrium equation of anisotropic solids, coupled to the hydrodynamic seepage equation and heat transfer equation of saturated fractured rocks, are studied here based on the standard space of physical presentation, in which an new thermo-hydro-elastic model is induced. A set of uncoupled equation of heat and hydraulic propagations in anisotropic saturated fractured rocks is deduced. From them, two new phenomena of heat and hydraulic propagation are obtained, which are affected by both anisotropic subspaces of solids and thermo-mechanical and hydro-mechanical coupling coefficients. Based on these laws, we discuss the heat and hydraulic wave behaviour for isotropic solids.

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34

Ballaranl, Tiziana Boffa, Ross J. Angel, and Michael A. Carpenter. "High-pressure transformation behaviour of the cummingtonite-grunerite solid solution." European Journal of Mineralogy 12, no. 6 (November 17, 2000): 1195–213. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/ejm/12/6/1195.

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35

Stronge, W. J., and V. P. W. Shim. "Microdynamics of Crushing in Cellular Solids." Journal of Engineering Materials and Technology 110, no. 2 (April 1, 1988): 185–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3226029.

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Lightweight, open-celled foams and honeycombs can exhibit deformation localization during static crushing as a result of buckling and plastic collapse of cell walls. Localization of deformation is a manifestation of strain-softening behavior that limits transmitted forces through these shock mitigating materials. Collision tests on two-dimensional cellular solids with strain-softening behavior reveal that with some microstructures, strain-rate effects can stabilize less compliant modes of deformation. When stabilization occurs, it amplifies the intensity of transmitted shocks.

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36

Felippa, Carlos A., and Eugenio On˜ate. "Volumetric Constraint Models for Anisotropic Elastic Solids." Journal of Applied Mechanics 71, no. 5 (September 1, 2004): 731–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1748318.

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We study three “incompressibility flavors” of linearly elastic anisotropic solids that exhibit volumetric constraints: isochoric, hydroisochoric, and rigidtropic. An isochoric material deforms without volume change under any stress system. An hydroisochoric material does so under hydrostatic stress. A rigidtropic material undergoes zero deformations under a certain stress pattern. Whereas the three models coalesce for isotropic materials, important differences appear for anisotropic behavior. We find that isochoric and hydroisochoric models under certain conditions may be hampered by unstable physical behavior. Rigidtropic models can represent semistable physical materials of arbitrary anisotropy while including isochoric and hydroisochoric behavior as special cases.

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37

Mashimo, Tsutomu. "Phase Transition Behavior of Solids under Shock Compression." Materials Science Forum 638-642 (January 2010): 1053–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.638-642.1053.

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Through the measurement of Hugoniot parameters, we can get useful information about high-pressure phase transitions, equations of state (EOS), etc. of solids, without pressure calibration. And, we can discuss the transition dynamics, because the relaxation times of phase transition and compression process are of the same order. We have performed the Hugoniot-measurement experiments on various kinds of compound materials including oxides, nitrides, borides and chalcogenides by using a high time-resolution streak photographic system combined with the propellant guns. The structure-phase transitions have been observed for several kinds of inorganic materials, TiO2, ZrO2, Gd3Ga5O12, AlN, ZnS, ZnSe, etc. The phase transition pressures under shock and static compressions of metals, ionic materials, semiconductors and some ceramics are consistent with each other. Those are not consistent for strong covalent bonding materials such as C, BN and SiO2. Here, the Hugoniot compression data are reviewed, and the shock-induced phase transitions and the dynamics are discussed, as well as the EOS of the high-pressure phase up to evem 1 TPa.

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38

Gutkin, M. Yu, A. G. Sheinerman, and M. A. Smirnov. "Elastic behavior of screw dislocations in porous solids." Mechanics of Materials 41, no. 8 (August 2009): 905–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mechmat.2009.04.006.

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39

Bai, D., Y. Masuda, N. Nakagawa, and K. Kato. "Hydrodynamic behavior of a binary solids fluidized bed." JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING OF JAPAN 29, no. 2 (1996): 211–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1252/jcej.29.211.

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40

Stumvoll, M., and G. Swoboda. "Deformation Behavior of Ductile Solids Containing Anisotropic Damage." Journal of Engineering Mechanics 119, no. 7 (July 1993): 1331–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9399(1993)119:7(1331).

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41

Shang, Baoshuang, Pengfei Guan, and Jean-Louis Barrat. "Elastic avalanches reveal marginal behavior in amorphous solids." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 117, no. 1 (December 16, 2019): 86–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1915070117.

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Mechanical deformation of amorphous solids can be described as consisting of an elastic part in which the stress increases linearly with strain, up to a yield point at which the solid either fractures or starts deforming plastically. It is well established, however, that the apparent linearity of stress with strain is actually a proxy for a much more complex behavior, with a microscopic plasticity that is reflected in diverging nonlinear elastic coefficients. Very generally, the complex structure of the energy landscape is expected to induce a singular response to small perturbations. In the athermal quasistatic regime, this response manifests itself in the form of a scale-free plastic activity. The distribution of the corresponding avalanches should reflect, according to theoretical mean-field calculations [S. Franz and S. Spigler,Phys. Rev. E95, 022139 (2017)], the geometry of phase space in the vicinity of a typical local minimum. In this work, we characterize this distribution for simple models of glass-forming systems, and we find that its scaling is compatible with the mean-field predictions for systems above the jamming transition. These systems exhibit marginal stability, and scaling relations that hold in the stationary state are examined and confirmed in the elastic regime. By studying the respective influence of system size and age, we suggest that marginal stability is systematic in the thermodynamic limit.

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42

Singamaneni, Srikanth, Katia Bertoldi, Sehoon Chang, Ji-Hyun Jang, Seth L. Young, Edwin L. Thomas, Mary C. Boyce, and Vladimir V. Tsukruk. "Bifurcated Mechanical Behavior of Deformed Periodic Porous Solids." Advanced Functional Materials 19, no. 9 (May 8, 2009): 1426–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adfm.200801675.

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43

Zhang, H., W. X. Huang, and J. X. Zhu. "Gas-solids flow behavior: CFB riser vs. downer." AIChE Journal 47, no. 9 (September 2001): 2000–2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690470911.

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44

EDDINGS, ERIC G., and JOANN S. LIGHTY. "Fundamental Studies of Metal Behavior During Solids Incineration." Combustion Science and Technology 85, no. 1-6 (September 1992): 375–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00102209208947178.

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45

Mei, Yue, and Sevan Goenezen. "Quantifying the anisotropic linear elastic behavior of solids." International Journal of Mechanical Sciences 163 (November 2019): 105131. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2019.105131.

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46

Kim, D. E., and N. P. Suh. "Frictional behavior of extremely smooth and hard solids." Wear 162-164 (April 1993): 873–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0043-1648(93)90089-5.

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47

SAHLING, A., and S. SAHLING. "GLASSY BEHAVIOR OF YBa2Cu3O7." Modern Physics Letters B 02, no. 11n12 (December 1988): 1327–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217984988001326.

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Long time power released in YBa 2 Cu 3 O 7 after rapid cooling from equilibrium temperature T1 (2.35 K≤T≤15.11 K ) to T0=1.5 K and heat capacity (1.2 K ≤T≤100 K ) were measured. The observed time and temperature dependence of the power release is similar to those of amorphous solids. The resulting density of states of two-level systems is close to the values obtained from heat capacity and acoustic measurements.

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48

Gonzalez, A. R., T. Wang, D. J. Makus, and A. Mauromoustakos. "POSTHARVEST BEHAVIOR OF GREEN AND WHITE ASPARAGUS." HortScience 27, no. 11 (November 1992): 1175g—1175. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.27.11.1175g.

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Respiration and quality changes were measured in white and green asparagus stored at 20°C. Green asparagus had a higher respiration rate and weight loss than white. Respiration rates decreased and stabilized after 2 days storage in both green and white asparagus. Total phenolics and pulp pH were higher in green than in white asparagus. No significant difference was observed in titratable acidity. Total phenolics and pH decreased while titratable acidity increased during storage of both types of asparagus. Ascorbic acid levels were higher in green spears but soluble solids were higher in white spears. Both ascorbic acid and soluble solids decline during storage. Total chlorophyll content of green asparagus decreased during storage. White asparagus had little chlorophyll. Green color, measured by CDM –a values, followed the same pattern as total chlorophyll.

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HOVEY, GEANNA, D. GRANT ALLEN, and HONGHI TRAN. "The sticky behavior of pulp and paper mill biosludge during drying." June 2019 18, no. 6 (July 1, 2019): 353–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.32964/tj18.6.353.

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Abstract:

Pulp and paper mill biosludge becomes sticky after being dried to a certain solids content. As biosludge becomes sticky, it agglomerates and adheres to the heat transfer surfaces of the dryer. This undesirable property can lower the dryer efficiency and cause the drying equipment to fail. A systematic study was conducted to examine the sticky behavior of biosludge. The stickiness was evaluated by measuring the adhesive force between a sludge cake and a stainless steel substrate, and the cohesive force between a sludge cake and a sludge substrate. The results show that: i) both adhesive and cohesive forces increase markedly as the solids content increases, reaching a maximum value at about 13% solids, and then decrease steadily at a higher solids content; ii) cohesive force is stronger than adhesive force, implying that biosludge tends to agglomerate rather than adhere to smooth equipment surfaces; and iii) mixing wood fines or fly ash from a biomass boiler reduces the stickiness of the mixture. These findings may help mills improve the thermal efficiency of biosludge dryers and to turn biosludge into a more attractive fuel for burning in biomass boilers.

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UMITA, Teruyuki, Tetsuya KUSUDA, Youichi AWAYA, Touru FUTAWATARI, and Kenichi KOGA. "Behaviour of suspended solids in an estuary." Japan journal of water pollution research 10, no. 1 (1987): 48–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.2965/jswe1978.10.48.

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