Relevant bibliographies by topics / Solar thermal concentrator

Academic literature on the topic 'Solar thermal concentrator'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 30 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Solar thermal concentrator"

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M.V, Bindu, and Herbert Joselin. "Enhancement of Thermal Performance of Solar Parabolic Trough Concentrator-Techniques- Review." Bonfring International Journal of Industrial Engineering and Management Science 9, no. 3 (September 30, 2019): 16–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.9756/bijiems.9033.

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Nikitin, Victor, Roman Zaitsev, Tatiana Khramova, and Alina Khrypunova. "DEVELOPMENT OF A FACETED CONCENTRATOR FOR A COMBINED PHOTOVOLTAIC PLANT." Energy saving. Power engineering. Energy audit., no. 5-6(171-172) (November 30, 2022): 47–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.20998/2313-8890.2022.05.04.

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This article examines the features of solar energy concentrators. The characteristics of the currently existing types of solar energy concentration systems are given: a weak concentration system and a high concentration system. Their design features and shortcomings are given. It is noted that Frenel lenses are one of the most widely used concentrators, but their optical efficiency is limited by low or high temperatures, as a change in the refractive index or deformation of the Frenel lens structure is observed due to thermal expansion. Fresnel lenses, which focus solar radiation on an area of ​​up to 1 cm 2, do not allow the utilization of excess thermal energy. The complex geometric shape of parabolic concentrators determines the expensive technology of their manufacture, which, in turn, significantly increases the cost of the electric energy produced by them. Luminescent solar concentrators have a low coefficient of concentration of solar energy. The conducted analysis showed that the existing concentrators of solar radiation do not allow to create competitive compared to traditional sources of electrical energy photo-energy installations that work at high levels of concentration of solar radiation and utilize excess thermal energy. In order to solve the mentioned problems, the authors developed a faceted concentrator of solar radiation, gave its characteristics and presented a laboratory sample. Questions of optimization of the adjustment of the concentrator are investigated. A report on the mock-up tests conducted has been published.
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Thirunavukkarasu, V., and M. Cheralathan. "Thermal Performance of Solar Parabolic Dish Concentrator with Hetero-Conical Cavity Receiver." Applied Mechanics and Materials 787 (August 2015): 197–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.787.197.

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Concentrated solar collectors have high efficiency as compared to flat plate and evacuated tube solar collectors. Cavity receivers are mainly used on the parabolic dish concentrators and tower type concentrator systems. The heat transfer surfaces of cavity receiver are composed by coiled metal tube. Heat transfer fluid flows in the internal spaces of coiled metal tube, and the external surfaces would absorb the highly concentrated solar energy. This paper explains the thermal performance of parabolic dish concentrator system with hetero-conical cavity receiver. The experimental analysis was done during the month of April 2014 on clear sunny days at Chennai [Latitude: 13.08oN, Longitude: 80.27oE] to study its thermal performance.
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PORTELA, Lino Wagner Castelo Branco, Ana Fabíola Leite ALMEIDA, Erilson de Sousa BARBOSA, Kleber Lima CEZAR, and Patrick Abreu OLIVEIRA. "ENERGY ANALYSIS AND PERFORMANCE OF A PARABOLIC CYLINDRICAL SOLAR COLLECTOR AIDED BY SOLAR TRACKING SYSTEM." Periódico Tchê Química 17, no. 34 (March 20, 2020): 53–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.52571/ptq.v17.n34.2020.71_p34_pgs_53_61.pdf.

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Over the last few years, countries such as Brazil, the United States, Germany, and China have been receiving significant investments to advance the use of renewable energy sources, such as solar energy, biomass and wind. This has been due to the growing demand for electricity due to population increase and the evolution of industrial activities. Solar energy can be enjoyed by using solar concentrators that are commonly used in solar thermal systems where the working fluid reaches higher temperatures than can be obtained from other collectors. These concentrators are responsible for providing the thermal energy supply. This research analyzed the energy influence of Parabolic Solar Concentrator technology aided by a solar tracking system, taking into account its energy balance and thermal efficiency calculation. The concentrator had an optical efficiency of 81 % and was able to achieve average thermal efficiency values between 21.8 % and 24.7 % under maximum solar radiation conditions between 900 W/m² and 990 W/m². The temperature of the absorber tube used to receive the concentration of sunlight reached temperatures between 80 °C and 98.6 °C, allowing the system working fluid a temperature to reach values above 100 °C. These results show the ability of this type of solar collector to provide power for thermal applications such as heating water for industrial or domestic processes, food dehydration, and drying, refrigeration, thermal desalination and microgeneration of electricity. Besides, the thermal efficiency (between 21.8 % and 24.7 %) was satisfactory when considering the type of concentrator, which also validates the electronic tracking system as it was able to track the relative movement of the sun and favor the increase of thermal efficiency of the system.
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Ullah, Fahim, Mansoor K. Khattak, and Kang Min. "Experimental investigation of the comparison of compound parabolic concentrator and ordinary heat pipe-type solar concentrator." Energy & Environment 29, no. 5 (February 21, 2018): 770–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0958305x18759791.

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In this research study, we have compared between the two different concentrators with the flat absorber plate receiver of the compound parabolic concentrator heat pipe solar concentrator and ordinary heat pipe flat plate solar concentrator. For the reproduction of solar radiation in the experiment, iodine tungsten lamp was used. Thermal performance comparison of the two types of solar concentrator under different simulating radiation intensity conditions was carried out with including the fluid temperature, instantaneous efficiency, average efficiency, and average heat loss coefficient. The results of the experiment indicate that the compound parabolic concentrator heat pipe-type solar concentrator not only increased the fluid temperature and instantaneous efficiency but also decreased the average heat loss coefficient as compared with the ordinary heat pipe flat plate solar concentrator. It was noticed from the experimental results that the efficiency of compound parabolic heat pipe solar concentrator was higher than ordinary heat pipe solar concentrator up to 6 and 10°C with the light intensity, that is I = 679 W/m2 and I = 892 W/m2, respectively. From the results, it was concluded that the using of compound parabolic heat pipe solar concentrator increased the thermal performance of solar concentrator.
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Ghazouani, Karima, Safa Skouri, Salwa Bouadila, and Amenallah Guizani. "Thermal Study of Solar Parabolic Concentrator." IOSR Journal of Mechanical and Civil Engineering 16, no. 053 (December 2016): 118–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.9790/1684-1605304118123.

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Panchenko, Vladimir. "Photovoltaic Thermal Module With Paraboloid Type Solar Concentrators." International Journal of Energy Optimization and Engineering 10, no. 2 (April 2021): 1–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijeoe.2021040101.

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The article presents the results of the development and research of the solar photovoltaic thermal module with paraboloid type solar radiation concentrators. The structure of the solar module includes a composite concentrator, which provides uniform illumination by concentrated solar radiation on the surface of the cylindrical photovoltaic thermal photoreceiver in the form of the aluminum radiator with photovoltaic converters. When exposed in concentrated solar radiation, the electrical efficiency of specially designed matrix photovoltaic converters increases, and the heat taken by the heat carrier increases the overall efficiency of the solar module. Uniform illumination of photovoltaic converters with concentrated solar radiation provides an optimal mode of operation. The consumer can use the received electric and thermal energy in an autonomous or parallel power supply with the existing power grid.
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Gandhe, V. B., A. Venkatesh, and V. Sriramulu. "Thermal analysis of an FMDF solar concentrator." Solar & Wind Technology 6, no. 3 (January 1989): 197–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0741-983x(89)90069-6.

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Barbosa, Flávia V., João L. Afonso, Filipe B. Rodrigues, and José C. F. Teixeira. "Development of a solar concentrator with tracking system." Mechanical Sciences 7, no. 2 (November 17, 2016): 233–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ms-7-233-2016.

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Abstract. Solar Energy has been, since the beginning of human civilization, a source of energy that raised considerable interest, and the technology used for their exploitation has developed constantly. Due to the energetic problems which society has been facing, the development of technologies to increase the efficiency of solar systems is of paramount importance. The solar concentration is a technology that has been used for many years by the scientist, because this system enables the concentration of solar energy in a focus, which allows a significant increase in energy intensity. The receiver, placed at the focus of the concentrator, can use the stored energy to produce electrical energy through Stirling engine, for example, or to produce thermal energy by heating a fluid that can be used in a thermal cycle. The efficiency of solar concentrators can be improved with the addition of a dual axis solar tracker system which allows a significant increase in the amount of stored energy. In response to the aforementioned, this paper presents the design and construction of a solar dish concentrator with tracking system at low cost, the optical and thermal modelling of this system and a performance analysis through experimental tests. The experimental validation allows to conclude that the application of a tracking system to the concentrator is very important since a minimum delay of the solar radiation leads to important losses of system efficiency. On the other hand, it is found that the external factors can affect the final results which include the optical and geometrical properties of the collector, the absorptivity and the position of the receiver as well as the weather conditions (essentially the wind speed and clouds). Thus, the paper aims to present the benefits of this technology in a world whose the consumption of energy by fossil fuels is a real problem that society needs to face.
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Al Imam, Md Forhad Ibne, Rafiqul Alam Beg, and Shamimur Rahman. "Thermal Performance Improvement Study of a Solar Collector with Compound Parabolic Concentrator." European Journal of Engineering Research and Science 3, no. 11 (November 30, 2018): 78–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejers.2018.3.11.970.

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Heating water with solar energy is easy and effective in both domestic and industrial areas. The initial implementation cost of a solar-water-heating system is high but long term use of it makes it cost effective. For geographical location, Bangladesh is very suitable for using it. In a solar collector system, collector area is an important design factor. To achieve better thermal performance, 0.81m2 solar collector was used in this study. Commonly used flat plate collector takes more space to be installed. In Bangladesh, space on the roofs of houses and industries are limited and so there is a little scope to use flat plate collector system. Compound parabolic collector can solve this problem. Solar collector with compound parabolic collector needs less space than flat plate collector with reflector. When compound parabolic concentrator was attached with the solar collector, thermal performance improves. Compare with other alternatives that improve thermal efficiency, compound parabolic concentrator shows better thermal performance. Compare thermal efficiency of the consecutive three months. In this system, when water flow rate increase, outlet water temperature decrease but thermal efficiency increases. It is also observed that when solar intensity increases, thermal efficiency also increases likewise when solar intensity decreases, thermal efficiency also decreases. In this research, outputs of different similar researches are compared to show the effectiveness of the compound parabolic concentrator based solar collector. The compound parabolic concentrator reflects more solar radiation, eventually directs it to the collector and increased the difference between the inlet and outlet water temperature.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Solar thermal concentrator"

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Coventry, Joseph Sydney, and Joe Coventry@anu edu au. "A solar concentrating photovoltaic/thermal collector." The Australian National University. Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, 2004. http://thesis.anu.edu.au./public/adt-ANU20041019.152046.

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This thesis discusses aspects of a novel solar concentrating photovoltaic / thermal (PV/T) collector that has been designed to produce both electricity and hot water. The motivation for the development of the Combined Heat and Power Solar (CHAPS) collector is twofold: in the short term, to produce photovoltaic power and solar hot water at a cost which is competitive with other renewable energy technologies, and in the longer term, at a cost which is lower than possible with current technologies. To the author’s knowledge, the CHAPS collector is the first PV/T system using a reflective linear concentrator with a concentration ratio in the range 20-40x. The work contained in this thesis is a thorough study of all facets of the CHAPS collector, through a combination of theoretical and experimental investigation. A theoretical discussion of the concept of ‘energy value’ is presented, with the aim of developing methodologies that could be used in optimisation studies to compare the value of electrical and thermal energy. Three approaches are discussed; thermodynamic methods, using second law concepts of energy usefulness; economic valuation of the hot water and electricity through levelised energy costs; and environmental valuation, based on the greenhouse gas emissions associated with the generation of hot water and electricity. It is proposed that the value of electrical energy and thermal energy is best compared using a simple ratio. Experimental measurement of the thermal and electrical efficiency of a CHAPS receiver was carried out for a range of operating temperatures and fluid flow rates. The effectiveness of internal fins incorporated to augment heat transfer was examined. The glass surface temperature was measured using an infrared camera, to assist in the calculation of thermal losses, and to help determine the extent of radiation absorbed in the cover materials. FEA analysis, using the software package Strand7, examines the conductive heat transfer within the receiver body to obtain a temperature profile under operating conditions. Electrical efficiency is not only affected by temperature, but by non-uniformities in the radiation flux profile. Highly non-uniform illumination across the cells was found to reduce the efficiency by about 10% relative. The radiation flux profile longitudinal to the receivers was measured by a custom-built flux scanning device. The results show significant fluctuations in the flux profile and, at worst, the minimum flux intensity is as much as 27% lower than the median. A single cell with low flux intensity limits the current and performance of all cells in series, causing a significant drop in overall output. Therefore, a detailed understanding of the causes of flux non-uniformities is essential for the design of a single-axis tracking PV trough concentrator. Simulation of the flux profile was carried out using the ray tracing software Opticad, and good agreement was achieved between the simulated and measured results. The ray tracing allows the effect of the receiver supports, the gap between mirrors and the mirror shape imperfections to be examined individually. A detailed analytical model simulating the CHAPS collector was developed in the TRNSYS simulation environment. The accuracy of the new component was tested against measured data, with acceptable results. A system model was created to demonstrate how sub components of the collector, such as the insulation thickness and the conductivity of the tape bonding the cells to the receiver, can be examined as part of a long term simulation.
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Berryman, Ian. "Optimisation, design, development, and trial of a low-cost solar oven with novel concentrator geometry." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2016. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:42de9b33-18e1-4f22-8a44-3ddfd532bd0b.

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A promising and novel solar concentrator design has been thoroughly investigated and optimised. A prototype concentrator based on this novel geometry was validated using ray tracing techniques. This ray tracing demonstrated the comparative performance of this novel concentrator in regards to equivalent parabolic dishes. The effect of mirror surface normal errors on performance was established using Monte-Carlo based ray tracing code, which agreed well with the optical performance of this prototype which was determined experimentally. A need for low-cost solar cookers to replace bio-mass worldwide was identified, and the concentrator design was then developed as a low-cost solar oven. Despite existing in some number, no current design is able to achieve high performance at low-cost. An industrial partner, Dytecna, was initially involved in the process of this development of the system as a solar cooker. In support of a field trial for the solar cooker developed with Dytecna, a detailed thermal model of the oven was developed. A low-cost lightmeter was constructed and calibrated in order to measure the direct normal irradiance during the field trial in Italy. Laboratory work provided baseline results for the heating of various thermal masses in the oven. The Italian field trials provided a wealth of feedback into the design of the system and many valuable results. The solar cooker was able to bring 0.75L of water to the boil in 33 minutes with an average heat throughput of 203W. Important benchmark results and practical experience of several competing receiver materials was obtained; further lab testing provided more accurate measurements of the receivers' performances. The experiences of the Italian field trial were fed back into the design of a subsequent prototype, intended for a much larger field trial in Tanzania. Improvements in the hotplate, receiver material, and the oven were all incorporated into the design. Additionally, the structure of the solar cooker was redesigned to incorporate a low-cost wooden construction. Supporting work was conducted for the month long trial in which 8 solar cookers would be distributed to families in Tanzania. The field trial in Tanzania provided a wealth of user feedback into the design. At the same time the new solar cooker exceeded previously established performances in Italy. The new design was able to provide an average of 246W of heat to 1kg of water, which was brought to boiling point in 25 minutes. This represents a heating efficiency of 66% compared to the incident solar flux on the hotplate. In response to findings during the Tanzanian trials, further laboratory work was conducted into establishing the reflectivities of low-cost candidate mirror materials. Throughout all phases of the project the design of the solar cooker was refined and improved with the goal of a solar cooker design that could reach price-point, performance, and usability standards which would ensure market success.
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Šumić, Mersiha. "Thermal Performance of a Solarus CPC-Thermal Collector." Thesis, Högskolan Dalarna, Energi och miljöteknik, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-14526.

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The  aim  of  this  master  thesis  is  an  investigation  of  the  thermal  performance  of  a  thermal compound parabolic concentrating (CPC) collector from Solarus. The collector consists of two troughs with absorbers which are coated with different types of paint with  unknown  properties.  The  lower  and  upper  trough  of  the  collector  have  been  tested individually. In  order  to  accomplish  the  performance  of  the  two  collectors,  a  thorough  literature  study  in  the  fields  of  CPC  technology,  various  test  methods,  test  standards  for  solar thermal  collectors  as  well  as  the  latest  articles  relating  on  the  subject  were  carried  out. In addition, the set‐up of the thermal test rig was part of the thesis as well. The thermal  performance  was  tested  according  to  the  steady  state  test  method  as  described in the European standard 12975‐2. Furthermore, the thermal performance of  a  conventional  flat  plate  collector  was  carried  out  for  verification  of  the  test  method. The  CPC‐Thermal  collector  from  Solarus  was  tested  in  2013  and  the  results  showed  four  times  higher  values  of  the  heat  loss  coefficient  UL (8.4  W/m²K)  than  what  has been reported for a commercial collector from Solarus. This value was assumed to be too large and it was assumed that the large value was a result of the test method used that time. Therefore, another aim was the comparison of the results achieved in this work with the results from the tests performed in 2013. The results of the thermal performance showed that the optical efficiency of the lower trough of the CPC‐T collector is 77±5% and the corresponding heat loss coefficient UL 4.84±0.20  W/m²K.  The  upper  trough  achieved  an  optical  efficiency  of  75±6  %  and  a  heat loss coefficient UL of 6.45±0.27 W/m²K. The results of the heat loss coefficients  are  valid  for  temperature  intervals  between  20°C  and  80°C.  The  different  absorber paintings have a significant impact on the results, the lower trough performs overall better.  The  results  achieved  in  this  thesis  show  lower  heat  loss  coefficients UL and higher optical efficiencies compared to the results from 2013.
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Chow, Simon Ka Ming. "Integration of High Efficiency Solar Cells on Carriers for Concentrating System Applications." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/19932.

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High efficiency multi-junction (MJ) solar cells were packaged onto receiver systems. The efficiency change of concentrator cells under continuous high intensity illumination was done. Also, assessment of the receiver design on the overall performance of a Fresnel-type concentration system was investigated. We present on receiver designs including simulation results of their three-dimensional thermal operation and experimental results of tested packaged receivers to understand their efficiency in real world operation. Thermal measurements from solar simulators were obtained and used to calibrate the model in simulations. The best tested efficiency of 36.5% is obtained on a sample A receiver under 260 suns concentration by the XT-30 solar simulator and the corresponding cell operating temperature is ~30.5°C. The optimum copper thickness of a 5 cm by 5 cm simulated alumina receiver design was determined to be 6 mm and the corresponding cell temperature under 1000 suns concentration is ~36°C during operation.
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Muron, Aaron C. D. "Field Installation of a Fully Instrumented Prototype Solar Concentrator System: Thermal and Photovoltaic Analysis." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/26245.

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Concentrator photovoltaics (CPV) is one of the most promising renewable technologies owing to its high efficiency, scalability, low operating expense, and small environmental impact. However, there is much research and advancements to be made before CPV is established as a cost competitive energy technology. To this end, Morgan Solar has developed the Sun Simba, an innovative light weight and low cost CPV module. Under the “Advancing Photonics for Economical Concentration Systems” (APECS) project, outdoor CPV test and measurement systems were designed and constructed at the University of Ottawa and at Little Rock, CA. The performance and reliability of development stage Sun Simba modules installed at the University of Ottawa is assessed. The Little Rock test system was constructed for purposes of future comparison and assessment. To properly assess the performance, instrumentation and data acquisition systems to measure meterological parameters and the associated electrical performance are described and the long-term performance of Sun Simba modules installed at the University of Ottawa is summarized. A finite element model of a cell-on-carrier assembly was constructed to explore the parameter space of the carrier and suggest improvements in carrier design. The effect of carrier geometry, material choices, and convective boundary conditions and their influence on the cell efficiency is determined. The modelling results connected to the measured data is used to estimate the heat sinking capability of the second generation Sun Simba modules.
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Oliveira, Junior Gilberto Bueno de [UNESP]. "Construção e avaliação térmica de um sistema concentrador parabólico com seguidor solar." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/133981.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
The searching for renewable energy sources has mobilized much of the scientific community, which work is tireless in pointing out feasible solutions to use clean energy. Solar energy is natural choice among others, because its availability and amount. A known way to use this energy is by focusing solar rays through parabolics, which allow rays concentration to a small area. The advantage of this type of project is to produce thermal energy at high temperatures. This energy has a wide application on producing other forms of energy such as electric power in turbines since solar concentrators provide steam at high pressure and temperature. The goal of this study is to build a solar concentration device and measure the energy produced, as well its efficiency in transformation. Thus, was built up a parabolic concentrator and a solar tracker to motion in three dimension, which allows device alignment towards incidence of solar rays. Was utilized a pumping system to flowing thermal fluid at high temperatures through the absorber. The energy balance of this thermal fluid, led to obtain behavior curves of net power and system efficiency. The experimental was divided in two parts. On the first one, was obtained the stagnation temperature and the other one, was measured the eficiency over a circulating thermal fluid. The stagnation temperature measured in december was 476,5°C, at 4:25PM. The second part of tests has shown an efficiency of 33% on first one assay. However when was utilizing another form to measure the solar irradiation (theoretic approach), the efficiency rises between 45% to 55%, regarding steady state conditions. Furthermore, this work allowed discussions to discover ways to increase the energy efficiency.
A busca por formas alternativas de energia tem mobilizado grande parte da comunidade científica, cujos trabalhos são incansáveis em apontar soluções viáveis para o aproveitamento das energias renováveis e limpas. A energia solar se destaca dentre todas pela sua disposição e quantidade. Uma forma já conhecida de sua utilização é através da concentração em sistemas parabólicos, que permitem o direcionamento dos raios do Sol para uma pequena área. A vantagem deste tipo de projeto é a produção de energia térmica a altas temperaturas e pressões. Essa energia concentrada possui grande aplicação, pois permite a conversão eficiente em energia elétrica, produzidas em turbinas a vapor. O objetivo deste trabalho foi construir um dispositivo termo-eletrônico para concentração solar e, com isso, quantificar a energia produzida, bem como sua eficiência. Assim sendo, foi construído um concentrador parabólico e um rastreador solar com movimento tridimensional, que permite o alinhamento do equipamento com a incidência dos raios do Sol. Foi utilizado ainda, para circulação no interior do absorvedor, um sistema de bombeamento de fluido térmico de alto ponto de ebulição e que não sofria deformação a altas temperaturas. O balanço energético no dispositivo permitiu obter as curvas de potência útil e da eficiência do sistema. O experimento foi dividido em duas partes. Na primeira parte, foi obtida a temperatura de estagnação e na outra parte, foi medida a eficiência energética sobre o fluido térmico em circulação. A temperatura de estagnação medida em dezembro foi de 476,5 °C, às 4:25 PM. A segunda parte dos testes mostrou uma eficiência de 33% no primeiro ensaio. No entanto, quando se utilizou uma outra forma de medir a irradiação solar (abordagem teórica), a eficiência aumentou, permanecendo entre 45% a 55%, considerando regime permanente. Além disso, possibilitou a discussão de formas de incrementar a sua eficiência.
Capes: 2012/2014
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Rodríguez, Alvarado Juan Fernando. "Validation of a numerical model for the analysis of thermal-fluid behavior in a solar concentrator vessel." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/59936.

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Thesis (S.B.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, 2010.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 44).
The need for innovation in the renewable energy sector is an ever-growing concern. With national-level disasters in the Gulf of Mexico, the necessity to begin the drive to develop effective and practical alternative energy sources becomes a more pressing concern. The CSPond project is an attempt to design a more simple solar thermal energy generation system that additionally addresses the intermittence issue. The CSPond system calls for a large container in which special salt mixtures are molten by solar thermal energy. The large container also acts as a thermal energy storage to address the intermittence issue that has held back the widespread application of solar energy systems. This thesis presents a validation analysis of a numerical simulation of a molten salt system. The simulation is part of a larger design effort to develop a viable solar thermal energy option which incorporates short to medium-term thermal storage. To validate the numerical model, a scaled version of the proposed solar vessel was used in the solar simulator built by Professor Slocum's PERG to simulate normal operation procedures. This data was then compared to the numerical simulations. This comparison found that the numerical simulation does not capture the dynamics of the temperature rise in the system, but that it does capture the Rayleigh-Taylor instabilities, characteristic of convection. Solutions to the issues identified above are proposed and analyzed. These include the consideration of several modes of thermal interactions with the environment, the optical interactions between the solar beam and the molten salt medium, modifying the boundary conditions and finally, including the temperature of all relevant thermophysical properties to better capture the convective behavior of the molten salt system.
by Juan Fernando Rodríguez Alvarado.
S.B.
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Avallone, Elson [UNESP]. "Estudo de um coletor solar, tipo tubo evacuado modificado, utilizando um concentrador cilíndrico parabólico (CPC)." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/152135.

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As alterações climáticas tem fomentado a busca por fontes renováveis de energia. Assim, novos coletores solares têm sido o foco de pesquisadores em todo o mundo para novos concentradores, novas configurações de instalação e o estudo da estratificação térmica para melhorar o desempenho do sistema de armazenamento térmico. O sistema proposto, ou seja, utilizando concentrador solar com tubo evacuado, proporciona linearidade e constância na sua eficiência em relação aos coletores de placas planas. A alteração proposta, ou seja, tubo com duas aberturas, uma para entrada do líquido frio e outra para saída do líquido aquecido, elimina a interface física entre a água quente na região voltada para o fluxo de calor solar e a água fria na região inferior do tubo. Essa alteração provoca redução na eficiência térmica, porém aumenta o volume de água aquecida por dia. O concentrador CPC mostrou-se um importante equipamento do sistema, uma vez que a os raios solares incidem em uma região longitudinal definida no tubo coletor solar, direcionado pela geometria do CPC. Com a utilização desse equipamento elimina-se a necessidade de espelhos com seguidores solares, tornando o sistema vulnerável a oscilações elétricas, encarecendo o projeto e consumindo energia elétrica. O desempenho do coletor é avaliado a partir de testes experimentais utilizando a Primeira Lei da Termodinâmica como análise da eficiência. Esses resultados são comparados aos conceitos teóricos descritos na literatura científica. O espaço anular evacuado do tubo também se mostrou um importante aliado na linearidade do coletor, reduzindo a resistência térmica do ar. A estratificação térmica é avaliada tanto pelo número de MIX (Primeira Lei da Termodinâmica) como pela proposta de um novo coeficiente de estratificação utilizando a exergia (Segunda Lei da Termodinâmica). Das seis configurações propostas para o sistema estudado, a mais viável foi obtida na configuração 3, ou seja, tubo evacuado com CPC.
Climate change has encouraged the search for renewable energy sources. Thus, new solar collectors have been the focus of researchers around the world with new hubs, new installation settings and the study of thermal stratification to improve the performance of the thermal storage system. The proposed system, ie using evacuated tube solar concentrator provides linearity and stability of efficiency compared to flat plate collectors. The proposed change, i.e. a tube with two openings, one for cold liquid inlet and the other for hot liquid outlet, eliminates the physical interface between the hot water in the region facing the solar heat flow and the cold water in the lower region of the tube. This change causes a reduction in thermal efficiency, however increases the volume of water heated per day. Two radiometers were also developed, one thermal and the other optical, and the thermal radiometer was chosen because it had a similar behavior to the solar collectors, thus reducing the cost of the experimental bench. The CPC concentrator proved to be important equipment, once the concentration of sunlight focus on a longitudinal region defined in the solar collector tube, directed by the CPC geometry. Using this equipment eliminates the need for mirrors with solar trackers, making the system vulnerable to electrical oscillations, making the project more expensive and consuming electricity. The collector performance is evaluated from experimental tests using the First Law of Thermodynamics as an efficiency analysis. These results are compared to the theoretical concepts described in the scientific literature. The annular evacuated space in the tube also proved to be an important ally in the linearity of the collector, reducing the thermal resistance of the air. Thermal stratification is evaluated both by the MIX number (First Law of Thermodynamics) and by the proposal of a new stratification coefficient using exergy (Second Law of Thermodynamics). Of the six configurations proposed the most efficient was obtained in the complete configuration, i.e. evacuated tube with CPC.
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Morfeldt, Johannes. "Optically Selective Surfaces in low concentrating PV/T systems." Thesis, Örebro University, School of Science and Technology, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-7396.

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One of the traditional approaches to reduce costs of solar energy is to use inexpensive reflectors to focus the light onto highly efficient solar cells. Several research projects have resulted in designs, where the excess heat is used as solar thermal energy.

Unlike a solar thermal system, which has a selective surface to reduce the radiant heat loss, a CPV/T (Concentrating PhotoVoltaic/Thermal) system uses a receiver covered with solar cells with high thermal emittance.

This project analyzes whether the heat loss from the receiver can be reduced by covering parts of the receiver surface, not already covered with solar cells, with an optically selective coating. Comparing different methods of applying such a coating and the long-term stability of low cost alternatives are also part of the objectives of this project.

To calculate the heat loss reductions of the optically selective surface coating a mathematical model was developed, which takes the thermal emittances and the solar absorptances of the different surfaces into account. Furthermore, a full-size experiment was constructed to verify the theoretical predictions.

The coating results in a heat loss reduction of approximately 20 % in such a CPV/T system and one of the companies involved in the study is already changing their design to make use of the results.

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Wannemo, John. "Zero CO2 factory : Energikartläggning av industrier och ett exempel på hur noll utsläpp nås." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för tillämpad fysik och elektronik, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-160486.

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Industrin står för 32% av den globala energianvändningen och majoriteten av industrins utsläpp sker vid förbränning av fossila bränslen för värmeanvändning. Hälften av industrins värmeanvändning uppskattas vara i temperaturer upp till 400 °C vilket är lämpligt för värme från solfångare.Klädesindustrin står för 10% av de globala växthusgasutsläppen och majoriteten av de utsläppen sker vid textilproduktion och flera av textilindustrins processer är i temperaturintervall som kan använda värme från solfångare likt Absolicons T160.Data från energianvändning hos textilfabriker har samlats in och beräkningar på energianvändning och utsläpp har gjorts för erhållna data. Solfångarnas energiberäkningar har gjorts med hjälp av simuleringar från Absolicon applikation Field Simulator. En 3-stegs plan gjordes för 2 stora textilfabriker i Indien som visar hur de skulle kunna eliminera sina utsläpp från energianvändning.Kartläggningen visar att textilindustrin till stor del använder fossila bränslen och de 5 största textilfabrikerna i denna rapport visar en energifördelning mellan värme och el på 85% respektive 15%. Utsläppen per producerad massa varor i kg för de 5 fabrikerna uppskattas vara i snitt 6,1 kgCO2e vilket motsvarar en förbränning av 2,1 kg brunkol.De två stora textilfabriker i Indien samlade utsläpp från energianvändning redovisas vara 686 ktCO2e. Värmeanvändningen i fabrikerna sänks i 3-stegsplanen med 17% och fossila bränslen ersätts med värme från solfångare och biomassa. För att täcka 68% av det nya värmebehovet med värme från solfångare så behövs det solfångarfält med en termisk effekt på cirka 400 MW och en yta på cirka 1,3 km2. De resterande 32% av värmebehovet ska komma från förbränning av cirka 100 000 ton biomassa per år.Industrin har möjlighet att sänka stora delar av sina utsläpp genom att ersätta fossila bränslen i värmeanvändningen med till exempel värme från solfångare och biomassa. För att täcka stora delar av värmeanvändningen med solfångarfält behövs lediga ytor runt om och på fabrikerna. Fossila bränslen har i dagsläget ett lågt pris i förhållande till dess utsläpp och tillämpning av globala utsläppsrätter eller skatter bör appliceras för att påskynda omställningen till utsläppsfri energi och lägre utsläpp.
The industry sector accounts for 32% of the global energy usage where the majority of the energy is being used as heat. Most of the heat is generated by burning fossil fuels which leads to heat use being the largest source of emissions in the sector. About half of energy used as in the industries are in temperatures up to 400 °C which is suitable for heat provided by solar collectors.The apparel industry accounts for 10% of the global carbon emissions and multiple of the industry processes used in textile production are in temperature ranges reachable with solar collectors such as Absolicons T160.Energy data was collected from textile factories and calculations of energy usage and emissions was made. The calculations for solar collectors was made with Absolicons web application Field Simulator. A 3-step plan was created to demonstrate how two textile factories in India could reach zero CO2 emissions.The analysis shows that the textile industry’s majority of energy is being used from fossil fuels to generate heat where the 5 largest factories in this report average energy is 85% as heat and 15% as electricity. The emissions per produced mass of goods in kg is an average of 6,1 kgCO2e at these 5 factories which is comparable to burning 2,1 kg of black coal.The two large textile factories combined emissions from energy usage is reported to be 686 ktCO2e. In the 3-step plan the heat usage is reduced by 17% and heat from fossil fuels are replaced by heat from solar collectors and biomass. To cover 68% of the new energy demand it would require solar fields with a total thermal capacity of about 400 MW and an area of 1,3 km2. The remaining 32% of heat demand would be covered by burning 100 000 tonne of biomass per year.The conclusion is that he industry sector has a huge potential of reducing their emissions by replacing fossil fuels for generating thermal energy by thermal energy from e.g. solar collectors or biomass. It will require available spaces close to or on top of the factories to be able cover large portions of the heat demand with solar collectors. The current prices of energy from fossil fuels is low compared to their emissions and a global carbon market or taxes should be applied to accelerate the change to clean energy and lower emissions.
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Books on the topic "Solar thermal concentrator"

1

Piszczor, Michael F. A high-efficiency refractive secondary solar concentrator for high temperature solar thermal applications. [Cleveland, Ohio]: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Glenn Research Center, 2000.

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Chandra, Laltu, and Ambesh Dixit, eds. Concentrated Solar Thermal Energy Technologies. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-4576-9.

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Alexander, Burt J., and Ted F. Richardson. Concentrating solar power: Data and directions for an emerging solar technology. Hauppauge, N.Y: Nova Science Publishers, 2011.

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Zacharopoulos, Aggelos. Optical design modelling and experimental characterisation of line-axis concentrators for solar photovoltaic and thermal applications. [s.l: The Author], 2001.

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Forum on New Materials (5th 2010 Montecatini Terme, Italy). New materials II: Thermal-to-electrical energy conversion, photovoltaic solar energy conversion and concentrating solar technologies : proceedings of the 5th Forum on New Materials, part of CIMTEC 2010, 12th International Ceramics Congress and 5th Forum on New Materials, Montecatini Terme, Italy, June 13-18, 2010. Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland: Trans Tech Publications, 2011.

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J, Trudell Jeffrey, and United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., eds. Thermal distortion analysis of the space station solar dynamic concentrator. [Washington, D.C.]: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1988.

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A high-efficiency refractive secondary solar concentrator for high temperature solar thermal applications. [Cleveland, Ohio]: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Glenn Research Center, 2000.

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P, Macosko Robert, and NASA Glenn Research Center, eds. A high-efficiency refractive secondary solar concentrator for high temperature solar thermal applications. [Cleveland, Ohio]: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Glenn Research Center, 2000.

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A high-efficiency refractive secondary solar concentrator for high temperature solar thermal applications. [Cleveland, Ohio]: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Glenn Research Center, 2000.

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Derik, Ehresman, and United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., eds. Solar concentrator advanced development program: Final report. Melbourne, Fla: Harris Corporation, Government Aerospace Systems Division, 1989.

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Book chapters on the topic "Solar thermal concentrator"

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Leutz, Ralf, and Akio Suzuki. "Solar Thermal Concentrator Systems." In Springer Series in OPTICAL SCIENCES, 217–44. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-45290-4_11.

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Lensch, G., P. Lippert, W. Rudolph, and A. Grychta. "Investigation and Selection of Materials Resistant to Temperatures and Radiation to Design and Construct a Ceramic/Metallic-Ceramic Secondary Concentrator." In Solar Thermal Energy Utilization, 221–68. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-52340-3_4.

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Mahavar, Sunita, Ankit Goyal, and Boris V. Balakin. "Investigation of a Solar Concentrator for Water Distillation." In Advances in Thermal Engineering, Manufacturing, and Production Management, 209–17. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-2347-9_18.

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Lensch, G., P. Lippert, and W. Rudolph. "Investigation and Selection of Materials Resistant to Temperatures and Radiation to Construct a Metallic/Ceramic Secondary Concentrator as well as Measurements at Premodels." In Solar Thermal Energy Utilization, 1–57. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-52342-7_1.

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Schöffel, U., and R. Sizmann. "Terminal Concentrator Assisted Solar Furnace Layout and Construction." In Solar Thermal Energy Utilization. German Studies on Technology and Application, 1–17. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-84799-8_1.

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Beltagy, Hani, Sofiane Mihoub, and Said Noureddine. "Thermal Behavior Study of a Fresnel Concentrator Solar Receiver." In Advances in Green Energies and Materials Technology, 25–31. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-0378-5_4.

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Xinian, Jiang, Ge Hongchun, Gao Hanshan, Sang Shiyu, and Zhou Xiaobo. "Performance Study on Solar Pv-Thermal Internal Concentrator Tube Collector." In Proceedings of ISES World Congress 2007 (Vol. I – Vol. V), 537–40. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-75997-3_97.

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Goetzberger, A., W. Bronner, and W. Wettling. "Efficiency of a Combined Solar Concentrator Cell and Thermal Power Engine System." In Tenth E.C. Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 11–14. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3622-8_3.

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Li, Xin, Meimei Zhang, Zhifeng Wang, and Chun Chang. "The Experimental Analysis on Thermal Performance of a Solar Dish Concentrator." In Proceedings of ISES World Congress 2007 (Vol. I – Vol. V), 644–50. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-75997-3_119.

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Chieli, Giulia, and Lucia Ceccherini Nelli. "Photovoltaic and Thermal Solar Concentrator Integrated into a Dynamic Shading Device." In Sustainable Building for a Cleaner Environment, 335–45. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-94595-8_28.

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Conference papers on the topic "Solar thermal concentrator"

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Bonometti, J., and C. Hawk. "Solar thermal concentrator." In 31st Joint Propulsion Conference and Exhibit. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.1995-2637.

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Zweben, Carl. "Advanced thermal management materials for concentrator photovoltaic arrays." In SPIE Solar Energy + Technology, edited by Lori E. Greene and Raed A. Sherif. SPIE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.858599.

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Stoynov, L. A., and Prasad K. D. V. Yarlagadda. "Development and Modification of a Cassegrainian Solar Concentrator for Utilization of Solar Thermal Power." In ASME 2003 International Solar Energy Conference. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/isec2003-44071.

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Almost all life on Earth has been using solar energy in many ways, but when high temperatures are desired, concentration of the incident solar radiation (insolation) becomes necessary. The present work is an attempt to improve and experimentally compare alternative beam delivering and focusing energy systems of a small solar concentrator. The researched solar energy concentrator (SEC) facility consists of modified two mirror Cassegrainian solar concentrator, two-speed sun-tracking manual and automatic control, concentrated insolation transmitting and continuous beam focusing systems. A number of system modifications during the development of the two stage, point focusing type solar concentrator arrangement for solar thermal power utilization have also been explored and are reported in this paper. Some of the experimental testing results obtained using single polymer fiber 14 mm in diameter, a truncated conical concentrator, and auxiliary lens system alternatives, have been compared. In addition, some details about various improvements of the sun-tracking sensor and automatics, beam transmission and continuous focusing capabilities of the SEC facility have been described.
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Wells, David N. "Low-Cost Solar Mirror Substrates and Geometries for Solar Thermal and Photovoltaic Concentrator Applications." In ASME 2001 Solar Engineering: International Solar Energy Conference (FORUM 2001: Solar Energy — The Power to Choose). American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sed2001-102.

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Abstract Two principal approaches to lowering solar concentrator costs are through improved geometry (lower profile, simpler shape), and through simplified methods to make concentrator substrates. The paper discusses issues relating to fabrication of solar concentrator mirrors from inexpensive elastically bent float glass mirrors. Protection from hail damage by a novel shock absorbing back layer is presented. New low-profile concentrator geometry is presented which utilize the low-cost mirror substrates. One new geometry uses a stationary cylindrical reflector with novel arc-motion tracking absorber that appears suitable for mid-sized thermal applications. Another uses the cylindrical mirror with an azimuth-elevation tracking mechanism appears to be suitable for small-scale applications. To get even higher concentration, some low-cost secondary designs are briefly discussed which use refractive tubes or lenses as secondary concentrating elements.
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Ghazouani, Karima, Safa Skouri, Salwa Bouadila, and Aman Allah Guizani. "Thermal study of solar parabolic trough concentrator." In 2018 9th International Renewable Energy Congress (IREC). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/irec.2018.8362474.

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Castillo, Jose E., Juan M. Russo, Glenn A. Rosenberg, and Raymond K. Kostuk. "Thermal Effects of Holographic Planar Concentrator Regions in Photovoltaic Modules." In Optics for Solar Energy. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ose.2011.srthb3.

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Giudicelli, Emmanuel, Nadia Martaj, Rachid Bennacer, Alain Dollet, Arnaud Perona, Sandrine Pincemin, and Yvan Cuminal. "Solar cells based on GaAs: Thermal behavior study." In 11TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CONCENTRATOR PHOTOVOLTAIC SYSTEMS: CPV-11. AIP Publishing LLC, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4931502.

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Sardeshpande, V. R., and I. R. Pillai. "Solar Concentrator for Industrial Thermal Application-Indian Scenario." In Modelling and Simulation. Calgary,AB,Canada: ACTAPRESS, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.2316/p.2010.700-021.

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Cui, Min, Nuofu Chen, Jinliang Wu, Lei Liu, Peng Wang, Yanshuo Wang, and Yiming Bai. "Thermal test and analysis of concentrator solar cells." In Photonics Asia 2007, edited by Yuwen Zhao, Nuofu Chen, Vladimir M. Andreev, Jai Singh, Jinmin Li, Ling Wu, Yubo Fan, Yong-Hang Zhang, and Michael E. Coltrin. SPIE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.755323.

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Riggs, Brian C., Richard E. Biedenharn, Chris Dougher, Yaping Vera Ji, Qi Xu, Vince Romanin, Daniel S. Codd, James M. Zahler, and Matthew D. Escarra. "Cost Competitive Concentrator Photovoltaics for Solar Thermal Applications." In 2017 IEEE 44th Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/pvsc.2017.8366018.

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Reports on the topic "Solar thermal concentrator"

1

Nene, Anita A., Solaisamy Ramachandran, and Sivalingam Suyambazhahan. Design and Analysis of Solar Thermal Energy Storage System for Scheffler Solar Concentrator. "Prof. Marin Drinov" Publishing House of Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, October 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.7546/crabs.2019.10.03.

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Giebink, Noel C. Scattering Solar Thermal Concentrators. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1182608.

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Tschoppa, Daniel, Zhiyong Tianb, Magdalena Berberichc, Jianhua Fand, Bengt Perersd, and Simon Furbo. LSEVIER paper: Large Scale Solar Thermal Systems in Leading Countries. IEA SHC Task 55, January 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18777/ieashc-task55-2020-0001.

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Large-scale solar thermal systems are a cost-efficient technology to provide renewable heat. The rapid market growth in the last decade has been concentrated on a small number of countries, with the outstanding position of Denmark followed by China, Germany and Austria. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of the market and common technological solutions for large-scale solar thermal systems in these countries.
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Clayton, William R., and Paul A. Gierow. Inflatable Concentrators for Solar Thermal Propulsion. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada412158.

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5

Renk, K., Y. Jacques, C. Felts, and A. Chovit. Holographic Solar Energy Concentrators for Solar Thermal Rocket Engines. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, May 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada198807.

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Gierow, Paul A. Fabrication of Thin Film Concentrators for Solar Thermal Propulsion Applications. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada409327.

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Muralidharan, Govindarajan, Shivakant Shukla, Roger Miller, Donovan Leonard, Jim Myers, and Paul Enders. Cast Components for High Temperature Concentrated Solar Power Thermal Systems. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1890293.

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8

Kumar, Vinod. Computational Analysis of Nanoparticles-Molten Salt Thermal Energy Storage for Concentrated Solar Power Systems. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1355304.

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O'Gallagher, J., and R. Winston. Performance and cost benefits associated with nonimaging secondary concentrators used in point-focus dish solar thermal applications. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5914593.

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Yu, Wenhua, and Dileep Singh. Prototype Testing of Encapsulated Phase Change Material Thermal Energy Storage (EPCM-TES) for Concentrated Solar Power. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1512771.

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