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Journal articles on the topic 'Solar energy'

To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Solar energy.

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 31 August 2024

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1

BENEA, Bogdan Cornel. "BIODIESEL PRODUCTION USING SOLAR ENERGY." SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH AND EDUCATION IN THE AIR FORCE 19, no. 1 (July 31, 2017): 253–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.19062/2247-3173.2017.19.1.28.

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2

Farangiz, Muxamadiyeva, and Xolmurodov Maxmatkarim Pattayevich. "INCREASING THE ENERGY EFFICIENCY OF BUILDINGS USING SOLAR ENERGY." International Journal of Advance Scientific Research 03, no. 06 (June 1, 2023): 342–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/ijasr-03-06-55.

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3

Esmailie, Fateme, Mohammad Aminy, and Hossein Ghadamian. "Energy Intensity Diagnostics Contributed to Solar Dryers Energy Challenges." Journal of Clean Energy Technologies 3, no. 5 (2015): 388–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.7763/jocet.2015.v3.229.

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4

Bhandari, Sabita. "Financial Feasibility of Solar Energy for Sustainable Energy Management." International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR) 12, no. 11 (November 5, 2023): 419–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.21275/sr231104220006.

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5

Alkilani, Fouad, Ouassini Nemraoui, and Fareed Ismail. "Performance evaluation of solar still integrated with thermoelectric heat pump system." AIMS Energy 11, no. 1 (2023): 47–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/energy.2023003.

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<abstract> <p>This research presents a method for improving a conventional solar still to produce potable water during adverse conditions where there is low or no solar radiation. Summer and winter conditions in the Western Cape province of South Africa were considered. A comparative experimental study was conducted between a conventional solar still and the developed solar still. The developed solar still incorporated a photovoltaic powered thermoelectric heat pump. The purpose of the thermoelectric (TE) heat pump was to accelerate convection inside the developed solar still assembly. The coefficient of performance (COP) of the thermoelectric heat pump installed in the developed solar still ranged from 0.4 to 1.9 at an input current of 5 A. The results indicated that the developed solar still was able to produce 2300 mL per day of drinkable water during a good day in the winter, but the conventional solar still was only able to produce 650 mL per day. The developed solar still produced 2180 mL per day, whereas the ordinary solar still produced 1050 mL per day, during a mild summer day. The developed still had an accumulated water production of 1180 mL during a night with mild temperatures. This significant improvement in yield of the developed solar still system is due to the change in temperature difference between the glazing and the water surface within the developed solar still. This is a significant contribution to the technology of solar water purification.</p> </abstract>

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M George, Jomu, and Steffy Tresa Loui. "Electric Vehicle Operating on Solar Energy." International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR) 13, no. 7 (July 5, 2024): 434–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.21275/sr24704110501.

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7

Alhousni, Fadhil Khadoum, Firas Basim Ismail, Paul C. Okonkwo, Hassan Mohamed, Bright O. Okonkwo, and Omar A. Al-Shahri. "A review of PV solar energy system operations and applications in Dhofar Oman." AIMS Energy 10, no. 4 (2022): 858–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/energy.2022039.

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<abstract> <p>Energy is seen as one of the most determinant factors for a nation's economic development. The Sun is an incredible source of inexhaustible energy. The efficiency of the conversion and application of Photovoltaic (PV) systems is related to the PV module's electricity generation and the location's solar potentials. Thus, the solar parameters of a region are important for feasibility studies on the application of solar energy. Although solar energy is available everywhere in the world, countries closest to the equator receive the greatest solar radiation and have the highest potential for solar energy production and application. Dhofar in Salalah-Oman is one of the cities in Oman with high temperatures all year round. The city has been reported to exhibit a maximum solar flux of about 1360 w/m<sup>2</sup> and a maximum accumulative solar flux of about 12,586,630 W/m<sup>2</sup> in March. These interesting solar potentials motivated the call for investment in solar energy in the region as an alternative to other non-renewable energy sources such as fossil fuel-powered generators. As a consequence, several authors have reported on the application of different solar energy in the different cities in Oman, especially in remote areas and various results reported. Therefore, the present review highlighted the achievements reported on the availability of solar energy sources in different cities in Oman and the potential of solar energy as an alternative energy source in Dhofar. The paper has also reviewed different PV techniques and operating conditions with emphasis on the advanced control strategies used to enhance the efficiency and performance of the PV energy system. Applications of standalone and hybrid energy systems for in-house or remote power generation and consumption in Dhofar were discussed. It also focused on the relevance of global radiation data for the optimal application of PV systems in Dhofar. The future potential for the full application of solar systems in the region was mentioned and future work was recommended.</p> </abstract>

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Kumar, Laveet, Jahanzaib Soomro, Hafeez Khoharo, and Mamdouh El Haj Assad. "A comprehensive review of solar thermal desalination technologies for freshwater production." AIMS Energy 11, no. 2 (2023): 293–318. http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/energy.2023016.

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<abstract> <p>This review is inspired by the increasing shortage of fresh water in areas of the world, and is written in response to the expanding demand for sustainable technologies due to the prevailing crisis of depleting natural water resources. It focuses on comprehending different solar energy-based technologies. Since the increasing population has resulted in the rising demand for freshwater, desalination installation volume is rapidly increasing globally. Conventional ways of desalination technologies involve the use of fossil fuels to extract thermal energy which imparts adverse impacts on the environment. To lessen the carbon footprint left by energy-intensive desalination processes, the emphasis has shifted to using renewable energy sources to drive desalination systems. The growing interest in combining solar energy with desalination with an emphasis on increasing energy efficiency has been sparked by the rapid advancements in solar energy technology, particularly solar thermal. This review paper aims to reflect various developments in solar thermal desalination technologies and presents prospects of solar energy-based desalination techniques. This paper reviews direct and indirect desalination techniques coupled with solar energy, and goes on to explain recent trends in technologies. This review also summarizes the emerging trends in the field of solar thermal desalination technologies. The use of nanoparticles and photo-thermal materials for localized heating in solar desalination systems has decreased energy consumption and enhanced the efficiency of the system. Solar power combined with emerging processes like membrane distillation (MD) has also a recent resurgence.</p> </abstract>

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9

Mokhlif, Nassir D., Muhammad Asmail Eleiwi, and Tadahmun A. Yassen. "Experimental evaluation of a solar water heater integrated with a corrugated absorber plate and insulated flat reflectors." AIMS Energy 11, no. 3 (2023): 522–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/energy.2023027.

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<abstract> <p>When it comes to renewable energy, solar water heaters are among the fastest-growing technologies. Comparatively speaking, integrated collector-storage solar water heater systems cost less than other solar water heater designs. Therefore, both the construction and the operation of a combined collector-storage solar water heater are quite straightforward. The integrated storage solar collector coupled with reflectors has been experimentally investigated. The reflectors were insulated from the back side when working during the day hours and as insulated cover during the night hours. While comparing the combined collector-storage solar water heater with and without insulated reflectors, the results showed that the insulated reflectors increased the thermal efficiency by 23%. Furthermore, on the coldest day, the stored water reached a high of 82 degrees Celsius, though it was only 46 degrees Celsius that same morning.</p> </abstract>

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10

Maia, Cristiana Brasil, Gisele Mol da Silva, Luiz Felippe Guardia Bianchi, and André Guimarães Ferreira. "Performance study of a baffled solar dryer." AIMS Energy 9, no. 6 (2021): 1136–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/energy.2021052.

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<abstract> <p>This paper presents a hybrid solar dryer with baffles disposed of on the solar collector. When the levels of solar radiation are low, an electrical heater is used to increase the drying air temperature. A photovoltaic system feeds the electrical heater and the fans, and it is also used to preheat the drying air, increasing the temperature at the inlet of the solar collector. Experimental results of corn drying indicated that the baffles augmented the energy efficiency of the system (from 23.5 to 24.9%) and the temperature rise in the solar collector (from 13.5 to 20.2 ℃), reducing the time required for the corn to reach the final desired moisture content.</p> </abstract>

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11

Prakash, S. Vinoth John, and P. K. Dhal. "Cost optimization and optimal sizing of standalone biomass/diesel generator/wind turbine/solar microgrid system." AIMS Energy 10, no. 4 (2022): 665–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/energy.2022032.

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<abstract> <p>Renewable energy has grown in popularity in recent years as a solution to combat the effects of pollution on the environment. The main purpose of this research is to design a microgrid system in Lakshadweep Island to determine the cost and dependability of a solar photovoltaic system that is combined with biomass, wind energy and diesel generator. Two types of hybrid systems like solar/biomass generator/wind turbine and Solar/diesel generator/biomass are investigated to get an optimal solution using HOMER Pro software. The hybrid microgrid system is optimized with low cost of energy (COE) and less environmental pollution. The reliability indice like unmet load is determined for each case to access the performance of the system. The influence of different Weibull shape parameter in solar/biomass generator/wind turbine hybrid system with sensitive variation of solar irradiation and wind speed are discussed. The scheduling of diesel generator in solar/diesel generator/biomass generator with various scenarios are analyzed based on minimum net present cost. The optimization results shows that the solar/diesel generator/biomass hybrid system has low net present cost of 432513 ＄ and cost of energy of 0.215 ＄/kWh as compared to solar/biomass/wind turbine for the selected site location. The proposed solar/diesel generator/biomass system produces emission of 7506 kg/yr. The emission produced in Lakshadweep Island using the proposed model is reduced since this Island currently produces electricity mainly with diesel generators. The optimal sizing of various components in microgrid system is performed to get the optimal solution.</p> </abstract>

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12

Abdullah ALHinai, Humaid, Azrul Mohd Ariffin, and Miszina Osman. "Revolutionizing Oman's energy network with an optimal mixture renewable energy source." AIMS Energy 11, no. 4 (2023): 628–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/energy.2023032.

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<abstract> <p>The electricity demand has increased to 240% during the last decade in the Sultanate of Oman due to population growth and industrial expansion. Solar energy can act as an alternate source of energy production to meet the surge in demand for electric power. Also, the government has planned to derive 30% of the electricity from renewables by 2030. Moreover, agreements have been made to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by decreasing 7% by 2030. The main objective of this paper is to design a grid-connected PV solar system based on the real-time data collected from the location called Nizwa, Oman using Hybrid Optimization of Multiple Electric Renewables (HOMER) software. The real-time data of average high and low temperature, solar radiation, estimated monthly average daily sunshine and peak hours of solar radiation of Nizwa has been collected from Meteorological Office Oman for January to December 2022. Nizwa recorded a temperature max of 43 ℃ during summer and 12 ℃ in January. Daily sun radiation in July averages between 5,500 and 6,000 Wh/m<sup>2</sup>, and the average sunshine is 9 hours per day at the selected project area (Nizwa). The collected data has been analyzed and designed using HOMER software. HOMER is used to model, optimize and analyze an integrated energy system that primarily utilizes renewable and non-conventional resources for both grid connected and autonomous systems. A 9-kW grid-connected PV solar panel has been designed and implemented in the proposed system. The proposed PV solar system worked perfectly and gave the results of an estimated number of hours of operation to be 4,362 hrs/year; the cost of energy per kilowatt is ＄ 0.044 and the annual energy saving cost of the hybrid system is ＄ 173.696. For the environmental feasibility of producing 14,765 kWh/yr, carbon dioxide emissions have decreased from 7,230,440 g to 4,396.001 g, with a difference of 7,226,043.9 g of carbon dioxide.</p> </abstract>

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13

Majewski, Peter, Rong Deng, Pablo R. Dias, and Megan Jones. "Product stewardship considerations for solar photovoltaic panels." AIMS Energy 11, no. 1 (2023): 140–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/energy.2023008.

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<abstract> <p>While the uptake of solar photovoltaic panels for the generation of clean energy has almost exponentially increased over the past about 10 years, effective end-of-life management legislation is still lacking in many nations. Organizations like the International Renewable Energy Agency have clearly outlined the need and benefit of robust end-of-life management legislations, such as a product stewardship scheme or extended producer responsibility, to avoid a looming significant waste legacy. This article explores a possible design of an end-of-life legislation for solar photovoltaic panels including new and existing panels, necessary legislation for a second-hand economy for solar photovoltaic panels, and options for necessary levies to support an emerging recycling industry for solar panels. The article also tries to make recommendations for a product stewardship scheme for solar photovoltaic panels and its financial support.</p> </abstract>

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14

Hellert, Christian, Christian Klemt, Uta Scheidt, Irén Juhász Junger, Eva Schwenzfeier-Hellkamp, and Andrea Ehrmann. "Rehydrating dye sensitized solar cells." AIMS Energy 5, no. 3 (2017): 397–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/energy.2017.3.397.

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15

Graell, Gemma Graugés, and George Xydis. "Solar Thermal in the Nordics. A Belated Boom for All or Not?" AIMS Energy 10, no. 1 (2022): 69–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/energy.2022005.

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<abstract> <p>In this work, the use of solar thermal energy in the Nordic Countries, especially in Denmark, is studied. Renewable energies, such as solar, are an important ally in the fight against Climate Change, with more countries betting on them. In the past, it may have been believed that the Nordic Region does not have enough solar radiation for solar energy to be profitable, but changes in the climate and technology have proven this statement to be wrong. The case of Denmark is a clear example, which has become a leading country when it comes to solar thermal energy. A study of the current Danish solar thermal market is conducted in this project in order to understand how this country is making the most out of this energy source. Three different plants are studied (Silkeborg, Vollerup and Gr?sten) and compared to those of other Nordic Countries (Akershus from Norway and H?meenlinna from Finland). It was found that the main difference between them is the size of the Photovoltaic (PV) parks. Whilst Denmark specialised in large-scale plants with a two-phase building process, the other countries are only using small-scale installations. After a deeper understanding of the Danish energy market, it is concluded that there is a solar thermal energy policy that allows its exploitation. Furthermore, an increase in the level of solar radiation in Denmark over the last decade has led Danish experts to believe that solar energy in the Nordic Countries is going to be even more profitable in the following years. It is believed that Denmark will continue its current expansion into this market and also that the other Nordic countries will soon enough join.</p> </abstract>

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16

Yılmaz, Musa, and Fevzi Kentli. "Increasing of Electrical Energy with Solar Tracking System at the Region which Has Turkey’s Most Solar Energy Potential." Journal of Clean Energy Technologies 3, no. 4 (2015): 287–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.7763/jocet.2015.v3.210.

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17

Al-wahid, Wisam A. Abd, Hussein Awad Kurdi Saad, Zahraa Hamzah Hasan, and Kamaruzzaman Sopian. "Experimental study of the performance of hemispherical solar still with optimum value of rocks as heat transfer enhancers." AIMS Energy 10, no. 4 (2022): 885–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/energy.2022040.

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<abstract> <p>Transformation of salty seawater into fresh water by the aid of solar energy is one of the solutions for overcoming the lack of these waters with an eco-friendly procedure. The use of solar stills is one of the solutions that use solar energy with a simple design to produce fresh water in small to moderate amounts. Hemispherical solar stills are one kind of still design that does not require a particle rotational orientation, and they have proved to be more efficient than traditional designs. Solar stills generally possess a low thermal efficiency, with limitations of working hours, i.e., only daytime. To overcome these problems, rocks placed in the saline water basin are used as heat storage materials to increase the working period of the design. In the present work, different amounts of river rocks are utilized to study the effect of this addition experimentally. Steady state tests are conducted to study the influence of these additive rocks on the enhancement of solar energy absorption, since increased working time is assured by published research. Two volumes of rocks (300 mL and 600 mL) were tested, and both increased water productivity, by 52% and 58%, respectively. The increases are explained by the increases in solar energy absorption, since steady state cases were used.</p> </abstract>

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18

Rudra, V. "Solar energy." Refocus 2, no. 9 (November 2001): 24–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1471-0846(01)80115-3.

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19

Ebbage, A. "Storage gives boost to solar energy [Energy Solar]." Engineering & Technology 15, no. 10 (November 1, 2020): 46–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/et.2020.1005.

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20

Chinnammai, Srinivasan. "A Study on Energy Crisis and Social Benefit of Solar Energy." International Journal of Environmental Science and Development 5, no. 4 (2014): 404–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.7763/ijesd.2014.v5.518.

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21

Li, Yang, and Tianguang Yin. "Design of the Solar Energy Watering Robot." International Journal of Materials, Mechanics and Manufacturing 3, no. 3 (2015): 201–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.7763/ijmmm.2015.v3.196.

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22

Kaur, Hansdeep, and Dr Vikram Sandhu. "Farmers’ Awareness Level towards Solar Energy Products." International Journal of Psychosocial Rehabilitation 24, no. 1 (January 31, 2020): 375–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.37200/ijpr/v24i1/pr200140.

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23

Handayani, Noer Abyor, and Dessy Ariyanti. "Potency of Solar Energy Applications in Indonesia." International Journal of Renewable Energy Development 1, no. 2 (July 1, 2012): 33–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/ijred.1.2.33-38.

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Currently, 80% of conventional energy is used to fulfill general public's needs andindustries. The depletion of oil and gas reserves and rapid growth in conventional energyconsumption have continuously forced us to discover renewable energy sources, like solar, wind,biomass, and hydropower, to support economic development in the future. Solar energy travels at aspeed of 186,000 miles per second. Only a small part of the radiant energy that the sun emits intospace ever reaches the Earth, but that is more than enough to supply all our energy demand.Indonesia is a tropical country and located in the equator line, so it has an abundant potential ofsolar energy. Most of Indonesian area get enough intensity of solar radiation with the average dailyradiation around 4 kWh/m2. Basically, the solar systems use solar collectors and concentrators forcollecting, storing, and using solar radiation to be applied for the benefit of domestics, commercials,and industrials. Common applications for solar thermal energy used in industry are the SWHs, solardryers, space heating, cooling systems and water desalination.

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24

Kalda, Galina, Igor Kovtun, and Katerina Sokolan. "Solar energy and possibilities of its usage." Journal of Civil Engineering, Environment and Architecture XXX, no. 60 (1/13) (2013): 49–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.7862/rb.2013.4.

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25

Paula, Taihana, and Maria de Fatima Marques. "Recent advances in polymer structures for organic solar cells: A review." AIMS Energy 10, no. 1 (2022): 149–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/energy.2022009.

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<abstract> <p>High energy dependence on fossil fuels and an increase in greenhouse gas emissions are factors that highlight the need for alternative energy sources. Photovoltaic technology is a strong candidate that uses the most abundant resource, solar energy, but what makes its wide use difficult is the high cost of the commercially available devices. Thus, research has been devoted to developing new low-cost photovoltaic systems that are easier to manufacture with high efficiency and durability, such as the third-generation solar cells. According to this study, organic solar cells (OPV) with polymers in the active layers are more prominent concerning power conversion efficiency associated with durability, resulting in great research interest. Furthermore, polymer solar cells are easier to process and can be manufactured on a large scale achieving high efficiencies and stability. This review aims to raise the state of the art about these solar cells, discourse their architectures, current developments on polymer structures, and most relevant challenges for OPV devices, as a search for increased efficiency and stability.</p> </abstract>

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Ma, Dongling. "Solar Energy and Solar Cells." Nanomaterials 11, no. 10 (October 12, 2021): 2682. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano11102682.

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Thanks to the helpful discussions and strong support provided by the Publisher and Editorial Staff of Nanomaterials, I was appointed as a section Editor-in-Chief of the newly launched section “Solar Energy and Solar Cells” earlier this year (2021) [...]

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27

Asumadu-Sarkodie, Samuel, and Phebe Asantewaa Owusu. "A review of Ghana’s solar energy potential." AIMS Energy 4, no. 5 (2016): 675–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/energy.2016.5.675.

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28

Ali, Nadwan Majeed, and Handri Ammari. "Design of a hybrid wind-solar street lighting system to power LED lights on highway poles." AIMS Energy 10, no. 2 (2022): 177–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/energy.2022010.

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<abstract> <p>This is an experimental study that investigates the performance of a hybrid wind-solar street lighting system and its cost of energy. The site local design conditions of solar irradiation and wind velocity were employed in the design of the system components. HOMER software was also used to determine the Levelized Cost of Energy (LCOE) and energy performance indices, which provides an assessment of the system's economic feasibility. The hybrid power supply system comprised of an integrated two photovoltaic (PV) solar modules and a combined Banki-Darrieus wind turbines. The second PV module was used to extend the battery storage for longer runtime, and the Banki-Darrieus wind turbines were used also to boost the battery charge for times when there is wind but no sunshine, especially in winter and at night. The results indicated that the hybrid system proved to be operating successfully to supply power for a street LED light of 30 watts. A wind power of 113 W was reached for a maximum wind speed that was recorded in the year 2021 of 12.10 m/s. The efficiency of the combined Banki-Darrieus wind turbine is 56.64%. In addition, based on the HOMER optimization analysis of three scenarios, of which, using either a solar PV system or the combined wind turbines each alone, or using the hybrid wind-solar system. The software results showed that the hybrid wind-solar system is the most economically feasible case.</p> </abstract>

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Rustemli, Sabir, Zeki İlcihan, Gökhan Sahin, and Wilfried G. J. H. M. van Sark. "A novel design and simulation of a mechanical coordinate based photovoltaic solar tracking system." AIMS Energy 11, no. 5 (2023): 753–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/energy.2023037.

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<abstract> <p>Various methods have been developed to increase electrical energy production gains in photovoltaic (PV) systems. These can be classified as solar tracking systems, cooling systems and methods of reducing the effect of shading. In order to maximise the PV energy yield, the PV systems must follow the sun. In this study, the effect of solar tracking systems on the energy yield gains of PV systems is investigated, and various types of solar tracking systems are discussed in detail. To ensure accuracte tracking of the postion of the sun, a new, low-cost, system has been developed that employs a global positioning system (GPS) module, compass and accelerometer. With this necessary angle information a dual-axis coordinate-based solar tracking system was designed using the Arduino Mega 2560 microcontroler with home-built control software. The system is validated by comparing it to a fixed angle system and an energy yield gain of 33–38% is found.</p> </abstract>

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Al-Abdali, Akthem Mohi, and Handri Ammari. "Thermal energy storage using phase-change material in evacuated-tubes solar collector." AIMS Energy 10, no. 3 (2022): 486–505. http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/energy.2022024.

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<abstract> <p>The use of phase change materials in solar thermal collectors improves their thermal performance significantly. In this paper, a comparative study is conducted systematically between two solar receivers. The first receiver contains paraffin wax, while the other does not. The goal was to find out to which degree paraffin wax can enhance the energy storage and thermal efficiency of evacuated tubes solar collectors. Measurements of water temperature and solar radiation were recorded on a few days during August of 2021. The experimental analysis depended on two stages. The first stage had a flow rate of 7 L/hr, and the second stage had no flow rate. A flow rate of 7 L/hr gave an efficiency of 47.7% of the first receiver with phase-change material, while the second conventional receiver had an efficiency rate of 40.6%. The thermal efficiency of the first receiver during the day at which no flow rate was applied was 41.6%, while the second one had an efficiency rate of 35.2%. The study's significant results indicated that using paraffin wax in solar evacuated tube water-in-glass thermal collectors can enhance their thermal energy storage by about 8.6% and efficiency by about 7%. Moreover, the results revealed that the solar thermal collector containing paraffin wax had an annual cost of 211 USD/year. At the same time, the receiver's yearly fuel cost was 45 USD. Compared to an electrical geyser, the annual cost reached 327 USD, with an annual fuel cost equaled 269 USD. The first receiver's payback period was 5.35 years.</p> </abstract>

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31

HU, Yuan-Yuan, Yang-Kee Lee, and Tian Peng. "US―China Green Trade Conflict and Implications for Low-Carbon Energy Transition: The Solar Energy Trade Dispute." Korea International Trade Research Institute 18, no. 4 (August 31, 2022): 37–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.16980/jitc.18.4.202208.37.

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Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to analyze the causes of Sino-U.S. solar PV trade disputes by adopting research, comparative research, and case study. It also proposes relevant resolutions over Sino-U.S. solar trade conflicts and the implications for low-carbon energy transition. Design/Methodology/Approach - Based on green trade protectionism and comparative advantage theory, this paper combines Chinese solar products export flows to the U.S. with cases of solar trade disputes from 2011 to 2022 to analyze the causes of Sino-U.S. solar trade conflict. Thus, from the perspective of international trade law, WTO reform on the relevant renewable energy agreements, international carbon border tax regime, and a bilateral clean agreement or EGA negotiations, it purposes the resolution of Sino-U.S. solar trade conflict. Findings - This paper studies factors leading to the Sino-U.S. solar trade conflict, which is mainly a bilateral trade imbalance, the game of interest groups within the US, non-standard support policies for Chinese solar energy industry, and geopolitical and national green energy security. There is no doubt that trade disputes had had a larger negative impact on Sino-U.S. solar trade flows from 2011 to 2019. Meanwhile, the solar PV trade policies of the US affected the global supply chain of solar PV products, thus hindering the progress of low-carbon energy transition. Research Implications - In the management of this paper, this study has important practical significance for the healthy and sustainable development of solar PV trade and achieving low-carbon energy transition for both countries. It can also provide references to solar energy trade disputes among other countries in a broader sense, and propose relevant recommendations for South Korea’s solar energy.

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32

Appelbaum, J. "A static multiple detector solar radiation sensor." AIMS Energy 8, no. 5 (2020): 802–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/energy.2020.5.802.

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33

Johrin, Norsakinah, Fuei Pien Chee, Syafiqa Nasir, and Pak Yan Moh. "Numerical study and optimization of GO/ZnO based perovskite solar cell using SCAPS." AIMS Energy 11, no. 4 (2023): 683–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/energy.2023034.

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<abstract> <p>This paper focuses on the numerical study of hybrid organic-inorganic perovskite solar cells. It investigates the incorporation of a graphene oxide (GO) thin layer to enhance solar cell efficiency. The study demonstrates that the GO layer improves interaction with the absorber layer and enhances hole transportation, resulting in reduced recombination and diffusion losses at the absorber and hole transport layer (HTL) interface. The increased energy level of the Lower Unoccupied Molecular Orbital (LUMO) in GO acts as an excellent electron-blocking layer, thereby improving the V<sub>OC</sub>. The objective is to explore different structures of perovskite solar cells to enhance their performance. The simulated solar cell comprises a GO/FASnI<sub>3</sub>/TiO<sub>2</sub>/ZnO/ITO sandwich structure, with FASnI<sub>3</sub> and ZnO thicknesses adjusted to improve conversion efficiency. The impact of thickness on device performance, specifically the absorber and electron transport layers, is investigated. The fill factor (FF) changes as the absorber and electron transport layers (ETL) increase. The FF is an important parameter that determines PSC performance since it measures how effectively power is transferred from the cell to an external circuit. The optimized solar cell achieves a short-circuit current density (J<sub>SC</sub>) of 27.27 mA/cm<sup>2</sup>, an open-circuit voltage (V<sub>OC</sub>) of 2.76 V, a fill factor (FF) of 27.05% and the highest power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 20.39% with 400 nm of FASnI<sub>3</sub> and 300 nm of ZnO. These findings suggest promising directions for the development of more effective GO-based perovskite solar cells.</p> </abstract>

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del P. Pablo-Romero, María. "Solar Energy: Incentives to Promote PV in EU27." AIMS Energy 1, no. 1 (2013): 28–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/energy.2013.1.28.

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Scheer, Hermann. "Solar Energy Is the Energy." Leonardo 28, no. 2 (1995): 145. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1576138.

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Shamim, Md Mehadi Hasan, Sidratul Montaha Silmee, and Md Mamun Sikder. "Optimization and cost-benefit analysis of a grid-connected solar photovoltaic system." AIMS Energy 10, no. 3 (2022): 434–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/energy.2022022.

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<abstract> <p>Growing energy demand has exacerbated the issue of energy security and caused us to necessitate the utilization of renewable resources. The best alternative for promoting generation in Bangladesh from renewable energy is solar photovoltaic technology. Grid-connected solar photovoltaic (PV) systems are becoming increasingly popular, considering solar potential and the recent cost of PV modules. This study proposes a grid-connected solar PV system with a net metering strategy using the Hybrid Optimization of Multiple Electric Renewables model. The HOMER model is used to evaluate raw data, to create a demand cycle using data from load surveys, and to find the best cost-effective configuration. A sensitivity analysis was also conducted to assess the impact of differences in radiation from the solar (4, 4.59, 4.65, 5 kWh/m<sup>2</sup>/day), PV capacity (0 kW, 100 kW, 200 kW, 300 kW, 350 kW, 400 kW, 420 kW), and grid prices (＄0.107, ＄0.118, ＄0.14 per kWh) upon that optimum configuration. Outcomes reveal that combining 420 kW of PV with a 405-kW converter and connecting to the utility grid is the least expensive and ecologically healthy configuration of the system. The electricity generation cost is estimated to be 0.0725 dollars per kilowatt-hour, and the net present value is 1.83 million dollars with a payback period of 6.4 years based on the system's 20-year lifespan. Also, compared to the existing grid and diesel-generator system, the optimized system, with a renewable fraction of 31.10%, provides a reduction in carbon dioxide emissions of 191 tons and 1,028 tons, respectively, each year.</p> </abstract>

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Boopathi, P. "The Application of Solar Energy in Agricultural Systems." International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development Volume-3, Issue-1 (December 31, 2018): 553–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.31142/ijtsrd19019.

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Y, Kozak, and Andropova O. "ANALYSIS OF OVERHEATING ZONES FROM REFLECTED SOLAR ENERGY." Modern problems of modeling 23 (May 24, 2022): 107–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.33842/2313-125x-2023-23-107-114.

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Agarwal, Vitthal. "Transparent Solar Panels: Pioneering Sustainability in Energy Generation." International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR) 12, no. 10 (October 5, 2023): 1163–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.21275/sr231015131634.

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Embiale, Dessie Tadele, Dawit Gudeta Gunjo, Chandraprabu Venktachalam, and Mohanram Parthiban. "Experimental investigation and exergy and energy analysis of a forced convection solar fish dryer integrated with thermal energy storage." AIMS Energy 10, no. 3 (2022): 412–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/energy.2022021.

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<abstract> <p>Drying is an effective means of reducing post-harvest losses which increases the shelf life of products by reducing their moisture content to a safe storage level. An indirect mode forced convection solar dryer integrated with thermal energy storage was designed, developed and experimentally tested by drying fish. The components of the dryer are a double pass solar air heater, a paraffin wax-based shell and tube for latent heat thermal energy storage, a drying chamber and a blower. A maximum temperature of 69 ℃ was obtained at the outlet of the solar air heater, and the energy and exergy efficiencies were 25% and 1.5%, respectively. The latent heat storage reduces the fluctuations in the outlet temperature of the solar air heater and extends the drying process for two extra hours per day. The average energy and exergy efficiencies of the energy storage were 41.9% and 15.6%, respectively, whereas average energy and exergy efficiencies of the drying chamber were 35% and 52%, respectively. Moreover, 5 kg of fresh fish was effectively dried in the dryer within 21 hrs, reducing the moisture content of the fish from 75% to 12.5% by removing 3.57 kg of moisture. The specific energy consumption of the dryer was 7.3 kWh per kilogram of moisture, and the power consumed by the blower was 0.6 kWh per kilogram of moisture, which is 8.3% of the total energy consumption. The remaining 91.7% of the energy is harvested from the sun, and the overall efficiency of the drying system is 9.4%.</p> </abstract>

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Mathew, Xavier. "Solar cells and solar energy materials." Solar Energy 80, no. 2 (February 2006): 141. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.solener.2005.06.001.

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Allen, Jonathan. "Solar energy considerations." Physics Today 75, no. 2 (February 1, 2022): 11–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/pt.3.4931.

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McDonald, Richard J. "Solar energy considerations." Physics Today 75, no. 2 (February 1, 2022): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/pt.3.4930.

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Weissman, G. "Solar energy costs." Electronics and Power 31, no. 9 (1985): 640. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ep.1985.0392.

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Barber, James. "Biological solar energy." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 365, no. 1853 (February 2007): 1007–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2006.1962.

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Through the process of photosynthesis, the energy of sunlight has been harnessed, not only to create the biomass on our planet today, but also the fossil fuels. The overall efficiency of biomass formation, however, is low and despite being a valuable source of energy, it cannot replace fossil fuels on a global scale and provide the huge amount of power needed to sustain the technological aspirations of the world population now and in the future. However, at the heart of the photosynthetic process is the highly efficient chemical reaction of water splitting, leading to the production of hydrogen equivalents and molecular oxygen. This reaction takes place in an enzyme known as photosystem II, and the recent determination of its structure has given strong hints of how nature uses solar energy to generate hydrogen and oxygen from water. This new information provides a blue print for scientists to seriously consider constructing catalysts that mimic the natural system and thus stimulate new technologies to address the energy/CO 2 problem that humankind must solve. After all, there is no shortage of water for this non-polluting reaction and the energy content of sunlight falling on our planet well exceeds our needs.

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REISCH, MARC. "SOLAR ENERGY ADVANCES." Chemical & Engineering News 85, no. 31 (July 30, 2007): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cen-v085n031.p015.

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Betts, Kellyn. "Cheap solar energy." Environmental Science & Technology 38, no. 4 (February 2004): 70A. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es040373q.

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Gordon, Jeffrey M. "Solar energy engineering." Refocus 2, no. 2 (March 2001): 34–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1471-0846(01)80007-x.

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Perez, Richard, and Brad Collins. "Solar energy security." Refocus 5, no. 4 (July 2004): 24–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1471-0846(04)00185-4.

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Grad, Paul. "Storing solar energy." Refocus 7, no. 5 (September 2006): 32–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1471-0846(06)70695-3.

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