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Journal articles on the topic 'SOLAR DISTILLATION SYSTEM'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 11 September 2023

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1

Prabhakaran, R. "Solar Distillation System." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 7, no. 3 (March 31, 2019): 2305–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2019.3422.

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2

Hussain, Zawar, Anjum Munir, Junping Liu, and Muhammad Sultan. "Experimental study on solar distillation system for oil extraction from eucalyptus plant leaves." Thermal Science, no. 00 (2021): 340. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci210905340h.

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Most of the industrial process requires a temperature level below 250?C which is easily achievable using solar energy. Pakistan is fortunate enough to have long sunlight hours and high intensity of solar insolation. The mean total irradiation falling on a horizontal plane is about 200-250 Watt per m2 per day. This precious source of natural energy has tremendous potential in the agro-based industry like the distillation of medicinal plants. The main objective of this study was to conduct a Quantitative and Qualitative analyses of solar distilled oil of the medicinal plant. Solar distillation systems had been installed at Agricultural Engineering Workshop, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology and Rosa Lab, Institute of Horticultural Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad. This distillation system was designed according to the latitude of Faisalabad. This system comprised of primary reflector, secondary reflector, condenser, and Florentine flask. In this study Eucalyptus Camaldulensis and Eucalyptus Citriodora, essential oils were distilled by solar distillation system and by a conventional distillation system for comparing the results. GC-MS analysis of Eucalyptus Camaldulensis and Eucalyptus Citriodora essential oils were carried out at National Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (NIBGE), Faisalabad. The results of quantitative and qualitative analyses of essential oils showed that the quantity and the quality of essential oils of same species of Eucalyptus, distilled by Solar distillation system and conventional controlled distillation system were same. So, it was concluded that the quality and quantity of essential oils of same species don?t differ significantly either distilled by solar distillation system or by conventional controlled distillation system.

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3

Benziger, Jay. "The Borexino purification system." International Journal of Modern Physics A 29, no. 16 (June 17, 2014): 1442002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x14420020.

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Purification of 278 tons of liquid scintillator and 889 tons of buffer shielding for the Borexino solar neutrino detector is performed with a system of combined distillation, water extraction, gas stripping and filtration. The purification system removed K , U and Th by distillation of the pseudocumene solvent and the PPO fluor. Noble gases, Rn , Kr and Ar were removed by gas stripping. Distillation was also employed to remove optical impurities and reduce the attenuation of scintillation light. The success of the purification system has facilitated the first time real time detection of low energy solar neutrinos.

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4

Al-Nimr, Moh'd A., Suhil M. Kiwan, and Samer Talafha. "Hybrid solar-wind water distillation system." Desalination 395 (October 2016): 33–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2016.05.018.

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5

Koschikowski, J., M. Wieghaus, and M. Rommel. "Solar thermal driven desalination plants based on membrane distillation." Water Supply 3, no. 5-6 (December 1, 2003): 49–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2003.0149.

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In arid and semi-arid regions the lack of drinkable water often corresponds with a high solar insolation. These conditions are favourable for the use of solar energy as the driving force for water treatment systems. Especially in remote rural areas with low infrastructure and without connection to a grid, smallscale, stand-alone operating systems for the desalination of brackish water from wells or salt water from the sea are desirable to provide settlements with clean potable water. Fraunhofer Institut für Solare Energiesysteme is currently developing a solar thermally driven stand alone desalination system. The aim is to develop systems for a capacity range of 0.2 to 10 m3/day. Technical simplicity, long maintenance-free operation periods and high quality potable water output are very important aims for successful applications of the systems. The separation technique that the system is based on is membrane distillation. The implemented heat source is a corrosion-free, sea water resistant thermal collector.

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6

Caturwati, Ni Ketut, Imron Rosyadi, Yusvardi Yusuf, and Ehsan Tri Saputra. "Lauric Acid as an Energy Storage Material to Increase Distillation Solar Productivity in Indonesia." Materials Science Forum 1057 (March 31, 2022): 144–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-11m66k.

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The use of energy storage materials in a solar distillation system is intended to increase condensate production by making changes in the temperature of the system change slowly, not following fluctuations in the intensity of solar radiation that can change quickly and drastically. One of the effective energy storage systems is the use of Phase Change Materials (PCMs), materials that involve a phase change process in storing and releasing heat, because the latent heat involved in the phase change process has a large enough value under constant temperature conditions so that temperature stability in the system is achieved. The choice of PCM type used in solar distillation is determined by the average temperature that can be reached by the water in the basin, which is strongly influenced by local environmental conditions. This study compares the productivity of the distillate produced by the double slope solar distillation system that uses Lauric Acid as PCM and that does not use PCM. Both studies were conducted at the same time. The optimal amount of LA that must be added to the solar distillation system to get the highest increase in condensate production value is 7.54 kg of Lauric Acid for 64.8 kg of raw water..

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7

Tiwari, G. N., Pankaj Saxena, and K. Thakur. "Thermal analysis of active solar distillation system." Energy Conversion and Management 35, no. 1 (January 1994): 51–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0196-8904(94)90081-7.

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8

Getachew, Seyoum, Addisu Bekele, and Vivek Pandey. "Performance Investigation of Ethiopian Local Drinking Alcohol Distillation System Using Solar Dish Concentrator." Journal of Energy 2022 (April 11, 2022): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/8478276.

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In Ethiopia, in addition to the large quantity of biomass consumption per year for daily cooking, production of the traditional local “Areke” consumes large amounts of fire wood which further accelerates deforestation. This study introduces solar-based technology for distillation of the local “Areke” using an indirect heating system. A solar parabolic dish collector with an aperture diameter of 0.9 m and an improved truncated cone cavity absorber were installed. The heat transfer process is governed by the principle of natural circulation, boiling, and condensation between a receiver and a distillation column. The experiment was conducted in Debre Birhan city at 20°C ambient temperature and atmospheric pressure of 0.722 atm. The surface temperature of the truncated cone cavity absorber attained a maximum temperature of 300.3°C, and the thermal efficiency attained by the collector was 54.6%. The production efficiency of the solar thermal local alcohol “Areke” distillation system was found to increase by 1.67% compared to the traditional firewood distillation system.

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9

Zarzoum, K., M. M. Alquraish, K. Zhani, and H. Ben Bacha. "Experimental validation of membrane distillation unit coupled with direct contact membrane using solar energy." International Journal of Low-Carbon Technologies 18 (2023): 542–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ijlct/ctad011.

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Abstract This paper presents an experimental validation of membrane distillation unit using solar energy which is coupled with direct contact membrane, which is placed at Kairouan University, Tunisia (35 N, 10 E) and tested on several sunny days. This unit is located as part of a cooperation project research and development between German Institute for Solar Energy Systems and Tunisian Electromechanical Systems Laboratory named: Solar driven membrane distillation for resource efficient desalination in remote areas. A theoretical model investigation as well as experimental is carried out. A mathematical model based on heat and mass transfers of the membrane distillation unit has been presented in this paper. The obtained global model of the membrane distillation unit has been converted to a set of algebraic system of equations to render them ordinary. To compare the experimental and numerical data of the mathematical model of the membrane distillation unit an example of the validation process that has been presented to assess the credibility of the obtained numerical model of membrane distillation unit, a laptop simulation program based on the global model of the unit is simulated by C++ software to solve the model of solar irradiation and all temperature on the journal productivity of the membrane distillation unit. It was shown by this study that the global mathematical model of the unit is able to predict accurately the trends of the thermal characteristic of the membrane distillation unit.

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10

Dardouch, J., M. Charia, and A. Bernatchou. "Numerical study of a Solar Absorption Refrigeration Machine." E3S Web of Conferences 150 (2020): 01009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202015001009.

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In this paper, we present a numerical study of a single-stage absorption refrigeration machine, operating with a couple of water-ammonia fluids, equipped with a distillation column and associated with a solar heating system using solar collectors. The study has showed the benefit of using the distillation column which is manifested by: The decrease of the operating temperature, The improvement of the coefficient of performance, Surface reduction of the solar collectors, The improvement of the solar coefficient of performance. The solar study shows that the absorption refrigeration machine equipped with a distillation column is better suited to solar energy with significantly better performance compared to the simple absorption refrigeration machine.

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11

Sinha, S., Sanjay Kumar, and G. N. Tiwari. "Active solar distillation system—An investment alternative to a solar hot water system." Energy Conversion and Management 35, no. 7 (July 1994): 583–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0196-8904(94)90041-8.

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12

Boukhriss, Mokhless, Kamel Zarzoum, Med Ali Maatoug, and Mahdi Timoumi. "Innovation of Solar Desalination System Coupled with Solar Collector: Experimental Study." Journal of Advanced Research in Fluid Mechanics and Thermal Sciences 80, no. 1 (February 10, 2021): 94–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.37934/arfmts.80.1.94111.

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The supply of drinking water is a growing problem especially for developing countries because of the industrial development, intensified agriculture, improvement of standard of life and increase of the world population. For this reason, purification of water supplies is extremely important. Solar stills are used for solar distillation plants due to its simplicity in construction and operation, low cost and however the yield is low. Because of its low productivity it is not popularly used. A lot of research work is undertaken to improve the productivity of the still. This paper presents the new design of solar distillation system coupled to a condenser, solar air and water collector and packed bed. This new concept of distiller solar still using humidification- dehumidification processes which is exploited for the desalination purpose. The experiment is carried out during the summer climatic conditions of Tunisia. The productivity in a solar still mainly depends on the temperature difference between the evaporation tower water and the condensation tower for a given surface area. The results clearly show that the instantaneous efficiency increases with the increase of solar radiation and with the increase of feed water temperature.

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13

Amin, Muhammad, Hamdani Umar, Fazri Amir, Suma Fachruri Ginting, Putu Brahmanda Sudarsana, and Wayan Nata Septiadi. "Experimental Study of a Tubular Solar Distillation System with Heat Exchanger Using a Parabolic Trough Collector." Sustainability 14, no. 21 (October 25, 2022): 13831. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su142113831.

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One way to overcome the scarcity of clean water through sustainable approach is by utilizing a solar distillation system. This easy-to-use technology is adopting tubular solar distillation. The three main components, which are the most essential for producing the amount of permeate, are the solar collector, tubular and heat exchanger (HE). This study aims to determine the performance of a tubular solar distillation device equipped with HE using a parabolic trough collector (PTC). The PTC has an area of 5.1 m2 covered with a solar reflective chrome film. Aluminum tubular acts as the feedwater heater. The HE is placed inside the tubular, which acts as a coolant to convert the steam phase into freshwater/permeate and as a feedwater heater to flow into the tubular. In the present study, several parameters were tested: comprise temperature, solar radiation, pressure, humidity, mass flow rate, permeate productivity and efficiency. This study demonstrated the production of a sufficient amount of permeate, which was 5.32 L for 6 h. The efficiency of this device yielded a peak of 48.2% during solar radiation of 813 W/m2 in an average ambient temperature of 32 °C, with an overall average of 44.59%.

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14

Selimli, Selcuk, Ziyaddin Recebli, and Semra Ulker. "SOLAR VACUUM TUBE INTEGRATED SEAWATER DISTILLATION - AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY." Facta Universitatis, Series: Mechanical Engineering 14, no. 1 (April 1, 2016): 113. http://dx.doi.org/10.22190/fume1601113s.

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The subject of this study is the seawater distillation process enhancement through integration of the solar vacuum tube into the system. Positive effects on the rate of distillated freshwater achieved by means of the enhanced system have been investigated experimentally. Experiments were done in the Turkish city of Samsun in the Black Sea region. A distillation pond setup having the volume of 0.015m3 and a water surface area of 0.24m2 was constructed. The distillation pond is covered with a condensation glass and also equipped with a 0.15m solar vacuum tube that is inclined at an angle of 30o to the ground, a feed water tank connected with a ball cock, and distillated fresh water tank. Experimental results have shown that the rate of distilled fresh water was enhanced for about 62.5% by integrating the solar vacuum tube and the natural distillation pond. Isolation of the condensation glass not only prevents the light transmission to the pond but also heat loss from the pond; hence the rate of the distillated fresh water is increased for about 137.5% due to the natural distillation.

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15

Li, Jeremy (Zheng). "Computer-Aided Design, Modeling and Simulation of a New Solar Still Design." Modelling and Simulation in Engineering 2011 (2011): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/903721.

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The clean and pure drinking water is important in today's life but current water sources are usually brackish with bacteria that cannot be used for drinking. About 78% of water available in the sea is salty, 21% of water is brackish, and only 1% of water is fresh. Distillation is one of the feasible processes applied to water purification, and it requires the energy inputs, such as solar radiation. Water is evaporated in this distillation process and water vapor can be separated and condensed to pure water. Now, with the change from conventional fuels to renewable and environment friendly fuels sources, the modern technology allows to use the abundant energy from the sun. It is better to use solar energy to process the water desalination since it is more economical than the use of conventional energies. The main focus of this paper is applying computer-aided modeling and simulation to design a less complex solar water distillation system. The prototype of this solar still system is also built to verify its feasibility, functionality, and reliability. The computational simulation and prototype testing show the reliability and proper functionality of this solar water distillation system.

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16

Sahoo, U., S. K. Singh, R. Kumar, and P. Kumar. "Mathematical Modelling of Portable Solar Water Distillation System." Journal of Technology Innovations in Renewable Energy 4, no. 3 (September 27, 2015): 91–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.6000/1929-6002.2015.04.03.2.

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17

Al-Nimr, Moh’d A., and Khaled S. Qananba. "A solar hybrid thermoelectric generator and distillation system." International Journal of Green Energy 15, no. 8 (June 8, 2018): 473–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15435075.2018.1479266.

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18

Kumar, Sanjeev, G. N. Tiwari, and H. N. Singh. "Annual performance of an active solar distillation system." Desalination 127, no. 1 (January 2000): 79–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0011-9164(99)00194-0.

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19

Kumar, S. "Performance evaluation of an active solar distillation system." Energy 21, no. 9 (September 1996): 805–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0360-5442(96)00015-1.

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20

Singh, S. K., V. P. Bhatnagar, and G. N. Tiwari. "Design parameters for concentrator assisted solar distillation system." Energy Conversion and Management 37, no. 2 (February 1996): 247–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0196-8904(95)00166-b.

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21

Sinha, S., and G. N. Tiwari. "Thermal evaluation of concentrator-assisted solar distillation system." Heat Recovery Systems and CHP 12, no. 6 (November 1992): 481–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0890-4332(92)90016-b.

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22

Ding, Zhongwei, Liying Liu, Mohamed S. El-Bourawi, and Runyu Ma. "Analysis of a solar-powered membrane distillation system." Desalination 172, no. 1 (February 2005): 27–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2004.06.195.

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23

Cui, Hong Jiang, Pei Ting Sun, and Ming Hai Li. "Experimental and Theoretic Research on Solar Power Membrane Distillation." Advanced Materials Research 97-101 (March 2010): 2300–2305. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.97-101.2300.

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Air gap membrane distillation experiments of different temperature and mass flow rate of working fluid were done for the use of solar power and setting up the mathematical model of AGMD’ heat and mass transfer. The calculation correctness of mathematical model was discussed and the thermal efficiency of membrane distillation system was calculated. The results showed that the experimental flux of membrane distillation reached 49kg/m2•h and the biggest relative error is less than 9% between results of experiment and mathematical model calculation. The mathematical model can be used to forecast the process parameters of membrane distillation. The highest thermal efficiency of this system is 68% and the main influencing factors of thermal efficiency are temperature and mass flow rate of working fluid.

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24

Danjuma, Safyanu Bashir. "Analysisof Solar Distillation System for CleanWater Distribution: A Review." International Journal of Advances in Scientific Research and Engineering 09, no. 07 (2023): 71–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.31695/ijasre.2023.9.7.9.

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Different solar stills technologies is widely reviewed to digest their pros and cons.Solar still is a natural phenomenon of purifying sea and brackish water to provide affordable and reliable potable water. For the technology to be sustainable and utilised on a large scale, productivity needs to be improved. The factors that contribute tothe performance of a still were highlighted and analysed. And the energy and mass balance that takes place in solar still wasexpressed and defined bydifferent researchers.The efficiency of a still is determinedby the temperature variation of the evaporated water in the basin and the outside temperature of the glass cover. The insulation material plays a vital role in the prevention of heat loss and conservation of heat energy to increase the overnight yield when solar energy is not available

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25

Saxena, Abhishek, and Navneet Deval. "A High Rated Solar Water Distillation Unit for Solar Homes." Journal of Engineering 2016 (2016): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/7937696.

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India is presently focusing on complete utilization of solar energy and saving fossil fuels, which are limited. Various solar energy systems like solar cookers, solar water heaters, solar lanterns, solar PV lights, and solar lamps are continuously availing by the people of India at a low cost and on good subsidies. Apart from this, India is a solar energy promising country with a good number of solar homes (carrying solar energy systems) in its various locations. The present paper focuses on a unique combination of solar dish cooker (SDC) and solar water heater (SWH) to produce distilled water with a high distillate and a high daily productivity. The procedure has been discussed on the basis of experimental testing to produce distilled water by combining an evacuated type SWH and a SDC. Experimentation has been carried out in MIT, Moradabad (longitude, 28.83°N, and latitude, 78.78°E) by developing the same experimental setup on behalf of solar homes. The daily productivity of distilled water was found around 3.66 litres per day in full sunshine hours for an approximated pH value of 7.7 and a ppm value of 21. The payback period (PBP) has been estimated around 1.16 years of the present system.

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26

Fath, Hassan, Nikita Jayswal, and Abdul Qadir. "Novel multiple effect direct solar distillation system of integrated solar still and HDH system." Desalination and Water Treatment 51, no. 4-6 (January 2013): 1319–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19443994.2012.722775.

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27

Yan, Suying, Tao Zhang, Rui Tian Professor, and Wei WeiZhang. "The Coupling Study for Solar Heating System and Membrane Distillation System." Physics Procedia 24 (2012): 473–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.phpro.2012.02.069.

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28

Feng, Dong Dong, Xiao Bin Pei, Feng Ming Zhang, Yun Mo Zhao, Wei Yang, Shun Quan Chen, and Shi Ming Xu. "Experimental Studies on a Solar Low Temperature Multi-Effect Distillation Desalination System." Advanced Materials Research 953-954 (June 2014): 20–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.953-954.20.

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Solar energy has been widely used in desalination systems. A low-temperature multi-effect desalination system driven by solar is constructed for a series of experimental studies. The results show that water production rate grows with solar radiation, and maintains at a high level between 12am to 4pm. The optimized heat water flow is 1400 kg/h and appropriate cooling water temperature is 24 °C, respectively.

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29

Wang, Fang, Shixuan Wang, Jin Li, Dongsheng Xia, and Jianshe Liu. "Seawater desalination with solar-energy-integrated vacuum membrane distillation system." Journal of Water Reuse and Desalination 7, no. 1 (March 26, 2016): 16–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wrd.2016.207.

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This study designed and tested a novel type of solar-energy-integrated vacuum membrane distillation (VMD) system for seawater desalination under actual environmental conditions in Wuhan, China. The system consists of eight parts: a seawater tank, solar collector, solar cooker, inclined VMD evaporator, circulating water vacuum pump, heat exchanger, fresh water tank, and brine tank. Natural seawater was used as feed and a hydrophobic hollow-fiber membrane module was used to improve seawater desalination. The experiment was conducted during a typical summer day. Results showed that when the highest ambient temperature was 33 °C, the maximum value of the average solar intensity was 1,080 W/m2. The system was able to generate 36 kg (per m2 membrane module) distilled fresh water during 1 day (7:00 am until 6:00 pm), the retention rate was between 99.67 and 99.987%, and electrical conductivity was between 0.00276 and 0.0673 mS/cm. The average salt rejection was over 90%. The proposed VMD system shows favorable potential application in desalination of brackish waters or high-salt wastewater treatment, as well.

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30

Al-Hamadani, Ali, and Shailendra Shukla. "Modelling of solar distillation system with phase change material (PCM) storage medium." Thermal Science 18, suppl.2 (2014): 347–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci120102110a.

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An experimental investigation on a passive solar still with myristic acid as phase change material (PCM) is carried out to examine the effect of both the mass of PCM and basin water on the daily distillate output and efficiency of the system under indoor simulated condition. Basic energy balance equations are written to predict the water and glass temperatures, daily distillate output and instantaneous efficiency of the single slope solar distillation system with PCM. It is found that the higher mass of PCM with lower mass of water in the solar still basin significantly increases the daily yield and efficiency, but when the amount of PCM exceeds 20 kg productivity reduces. Therefore, a novel and simple of solar stills with PCM is proposed to enhance the overall productivity of the distillation system. The new solar still has increased the distillate output by 35-40%. The use of inner glass cover temperature for productivity prediction has also been investigated, and the prediction shows relatively better agreement with the experimental data.

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31

vani, N. Sri Gokila, Dr D. Prabhakaran, and Dr T. Kannadasan. "Experimental Studies and CFD Modeling on Solar Distillation System." International Journal of Innovative Research in Science, Engineering and Technology 03, no. 09 (September 15, 2014): 15818–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.15680/ijirset.2014.0309004.

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32

Summers, Edward K., and John H. Lienhard V. "A novel solar-driven air gap membrane distillation system." Desalination and Water Treatment 51, no. 7-9 (February 2013): 1344–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19443994.2012.705096.

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33

Yadav, Y. P., and A. S. Prasad. "Performance analysis of a high temperature solar distillation system." Energy Conversion and Management 36, no. 5 (May 1995): 365–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0196-8904(95)98901-x.

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34

Yadav, Y. P. "Transient performance of a high temperature solar distillation system." Desalination 82, no. 1-3 (August 1991): 233–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0011-9164(91)85187-y.

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35

Yadav, Y. P. "Transient performance of a high temperature solar distillation system." Desalination 91, no. 2 (April 1993): 145–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0011-9164(93)80053-p.

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36

Chaturvedi, Anupam Alok, Shweta Ashish Karnik, and Dr Sadanand Namjoshi. "Thermal Performance Evaluation of Wax Type Solar Distillation System." IOSR Journal of Mechanical and Civil Engineering 14, no. 01 (January 2017): 16–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.9790/1684-1401011622.

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37

Adhikari, R. S., and Ashvini Kumar. "Hybrid solar water distillation system: A techno-economic study." International Journal of Energy Research 15, no. 6 (August 1991): 515–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/er.4440150611.

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38

Aybar, Hikmet Ş. "Mathematical modeling of an inclined solar water distillation system." Desalination 190, no. 1-3 (April 2006): 63–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2005.07.015.

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39

Hadi, Nabil H., Ban Hussein Kassab, and Ali Mohammed Ali. "Distillation Using Solar Magnifying Lenses and Solar Panels." Association of Arab Universities Journal of Engineering Sciences 26, no. 4 (December 31, 2019): 83–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.33261/jaaru.2019.26.4.010.

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Abstract— The process of solar distillation of saline water is an important way to obtain pure water using simple and low-cost technology. Therefore, countries located in hot climates tended some experiments and researches in the solar distillation field. one of the best methods is theory of the thermal cooking by using limited dimension of basin. In this study use the basin dimensions (860 * 520 * 50 mm) with inserts (adding magnifying lenses and using a solar cell system to charge batteries that feed a 150-watt thermal wire to heat the water) to increase the efficiency of thermal cooking. According to the special ambient in the city of Baghdad for the four quarters was calculated the amount of distilled water theoretically and compared with the distillation quantities of the three basins in same at the time and location as follows: a- In the summer season, we get approximately to equal amount of distilled water equal to 3.5 liters / day and 3.75 liters / day from to (no additions effect and thermal wire effect) basin and 4.3 liters / day were obtained for the effected of the magnifying glass. b- In the autumn and spring seasons, the quantity of distilled water equal to 2.75 liters / day was obtained for the basin with no additions and 3.3 liters / day for the basin with addition a thermal wire and 3.5 liters for the basin with affected of magnifying glass effect. c- In the winter season, the quantity of distilled water equal to 1.5 liters / day was obtained for the basin with no additives and 2.2 liters / day for the addition a thermal wire basin and 1.8 liters / day for the basin with affected of the magnifying glass.

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40

Chen, Kuan-Yu, Webber Wei-Po Lai, Hui-Ju Wang, Cheng-Chieh Lin, Chun-Wei Chen, and Angela Yu-Chen Lin. "Clean water generation through a multifunctional activated carbon-TiO2 interfacial solar distillation system." RSC Advances 11, no. 37 (2021): 23036–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1ra02185k.

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41

Zhani, Khalifa, and Khaled Ali Abuhasel. "Modeling, Simulation, and Optimization of a Solar-Based System of Desalination Using Humidification and Dehumidification." Applied Sciences 10, no. 10 (May 13, 2020): 3361. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10103361.

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Solar desalination systems are characterized by low freshwater production compared with the usual techniques of mineral and salt removal from water. The usual methods include, but are not limited to, multi-stage flash distillation, multiple-effect distillation, vapor-compression desalination, and reverse osmosis. Solar desalination requires various modifications to make it more productive than the usual methods. The method is suitable for energy and environmental protection, making it the most effective system. The adjustments involve using the humidification and dehumidification principle (HD). The three configurations of the HD solar desalination system in this project are designed to accommodate variations in climate conditions and seasonal changes. Mathematical models are designed to test the workability of the system in an ideal environment. The models are based on universal fluid equations that regulate the functioning of each component of the system. After the model is designed, a regulation algorithm is designed based on the model. The simulation results show that the gain in freshwater production using a regulation algorithm is in the order of 33%.

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Vázquez, Cuauhtémoc Pozos, Víctor Daniel Acuña Díaz, and Juan Pablo Torres Cruz. "Design of a Sea Water Distiller Using Thermo-Solar Energy." European Scientific Journal, ESJ 14, no. 9 (March 31, 2018): 60. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2018.v14n9p60.

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There are different technologies for the desalination of seawater, such as reverse osmosis and conventional distillation based on electricity and fuels. In this last one, it is worth highlighting the distillation using renewable energies in which, during their operation, greenhouse gases are not emitted. The present study aims to obtain potable water by distillation of seawater using a prototype that reflects and concentrates the solar energy towards a container of salt water using a system of solar collectors of the parabolic plate type. A salt removal of 99% was obtained, which was verified with the conductivity (281.33S/cm), salinity (0.1%), and total dissolved solids (135.2 mg / L) determinations. Based on these results, it is proposed that any population with access to the sea and good average annual solar radiation could use the proposed prototype.

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Shareef, Abbas Sahi, Hayder Jabbar Kurji, and Hassan Abdulameer Matrood. "A Review of New Solar Still Design Comprising a Five-Sided Glass Cover and Equipped with an External Tank for PCM." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 877, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012038. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/877/1/012038.

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Abstract Various human activities have led to the consumption of large quantities of pure water, which has led researchers to find efficient and economical methods for desalinating seawater and water containing impurities. In this review paper, solar energy where it is permanent, abundant and environmentally friendly, to produce pure water was discussed using a new solar distillation device, representing the paper’s novelty. The distillation was designed and used in the way led to increase efficiency and improve productivity by adding a solar collector to the system and equipped with a tank containing phase change material (PCM). It has a low melting point and can change the phase by absorbing the system’s latent heat to maintain the system’s temperature. Which contributes to increasing the distillation period even after sunset, thus increasing the daily productivity of freshwater. Using phase change materials will increase distillation hours from (3-4) hours after sunset, increasing the amount of production between (75 - 90) %.

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Mahian, O., and A. Kianifar. "Mathematical modelling and experimental study of a solar distillation system." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 225, no. 5 (April 28, 2011): 1203–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2041298310392648.

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The production of potable water from saltwater or brackish water using solar distillation has been practised for many years in different parts of the world. However, little attention has been paid to the feasibility of this technique in Iran. In this work, a solar still with a basin area of 0.9 m2 and a glass cover in the form of a pyramid has been designed and constructed, and its performance is studied experimentally in Mashhad, Iran. Also, the performance of the solar still is modelled where a small fan was utilized to enhance the daily productivity of freshwater. In addition to the effect of forced convection caused by a fan, the effects of the water depth, the insulation thickness of the basin base, and the wind velocity have been investigated. The empirical results have been compared with the results obtained from the mathematical model and good agreement has been obtained. The results show that the use of a low-cost fan with negligible power can be an effective and economical way of enhancing the evaporation rate and hence freshwater production. Based on the mathematical model, the daily productivity of freshwater increases up to ∼ 56 per cent at a Reynolds number of 35 000. Finally, an effective range for the wind velocity as well as insulation thickness is presented in order to optimize the production rate of freshwater.

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Pannucharoenwong, Nattadon, Phadungsak Rattanadecho, Snunkhaem Echaroj, Suwipong Hemathulin, and Kriengkrai Nabudda. "The Investigation of Heat Absorber on the Efficiency of Slanted Double-Slope Solar Distillation Unit." International Journal of Heat and Technology 38, no. 3 (October 15, 2020): 641–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.18280/ijht.380308.

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A rise in utility consumption in rural areas have promoted the demand for the development of solar-based technologies for water purification system. This research aimed to develop a slanted double-slope solar distillation unit (SDSD) assisted by heat absorbers, which is employed as a distillation unit for generating clear distilled water from underground water. The prototype SDSD distillation unit developed in this research was evaluated based on production efficiency, productivity, distillation rate and temperature measured at different locations inside the device. Significant parameters that were varied included the types of heat absorber used (gasket, rubber, aluminum, high carbon steel and zinc) and the size of heat absorber (10 to 90% of surface area inside the SDSD). Results demonstrated an increase in the production of distilled water as the surface area of heat absorber decreases. This is because a reduction in surface area of the heat absorber allowed a more intense sunlight to enter the system. Maximum productivity peaked at 1.2 liter per day (24.9% efficiency). Monitored data in both the upper and bottom part of the distillation unit revealed the highest distillation rate at 15:00 each day. Distillation rate decreases with water height and insulator’s thermal conductivity, but increase with water speed. Additionally, a mathematical model was proposed which was capable of accurately predicting the production efficiency and productivity as a function of the heat absorber’s size and distillation time. Under the same operating conditions, aluminum was found to generate the best results relative to other types of heat absorber.

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Mandi, Benaissa, Younes Menni, Rachid Maouedj, Giulio Lorenzini, Mohammad Hossein Ahmadi, and Sampath Emani. "Improvement and Nocturnal Extension of the Efficiency of a Solar Still." International Journal of Photoenergy 2021 (July 21, 2021): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6631121.

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Various studies have been made to improve the efficiency of the solar still. These studies had devoted to the combination of solar collectors with solar still. This article proposes the use of all forms of solar thermal or photovoltaic energy. In addition, photovoltaic electric storage systems convert them to thermal energy that increases the temperature of a greenhouse solar still. We investigated the possibility of improving the productivity of a greenhouse still and prolong solar distillation overnight. The proposed system is the incorporation of thermal energy produced by a parabolic-cylindrical concentrator, a greenhouse still, and photovoltaic solar energy by panels. The production at 14 pm reaches 110 L/m2 thanks to the various thermal sources made up of the hybrid still. It has better productivity than other distillers. The distillation is extended in the evening thanks to a storage system using electric batteries. The production at 18 pm to 18 L/m2 is reduced at 24 pm to 5 L/m2 in the dark. The accumulated temperature decreases the negative influence of the physical parameters on the production which exceeds 100 L/m2 per day. In the evening, the production is reached 16 L/m2 at 22 pm, which is an advantage compared to other distillers.

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Afzal, A., J. Alvarado, A. Munir, and A. Ghafoor. "Income generation of rural community by using solar distillation system." Renewable Energy and Power Quality Journal 1, no. 15 (April 2017): 179–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.24084/repqj15.265.

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Manchanda, Himanshu, Mahesh Kumar, and G. N. Tiwari. "Thermal analysis of tilted wick solar distillation-cum-drying system." International Journal of Green Energy 16, no. 1 (October 16, 2018): 49–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15435075.2018.1531873.

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Farge, Talib Z., Mohammed Jawad Mohammed, and Nuha Ali Jassim. "Design and Implementation of Water Distillation System Using Solar Energy." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 765 (March 17, 2020): 012029. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/765/1/012029.

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Huang, Bin-Juine, Tze-Ling Chong, Hsien-Shun Chang, Po-Hsien Wu, and Yeong-Chuan Kao. "Solar Distillation System Based on Multiple-Effect Diffusion Type Still." Journal of Sustainable Development of Energy, Water and Environment Systems 2, no. 1 (March 2014): 41–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.13044/j.sdewes.2014.02.0004.

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