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1
Weaver, DM, GSP Ritchie, and RJ Gilkes. "Phosphorus sorption by gravels in lateritic soils." Soil Research 30, no. 3 (1992): 319. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sr9920319.
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The effect of sesquioxidic gravels (>2 mm size fraction) on phosphorus sorption by two gravelly lateritic soils was investigated by phosphorus sorption experiments, X-ray diffraction, autoradiography and electron microscopy.In one soil the abundance and size of gravels decreased downslope. As the gravel content of both soils increased (13-61%), the proportion of large (>8 mm) gravels increased (0-70%). Phosphorus sorption increased in the order: (>2 mm fraction) < (whole soils) < (<2 mm fraction). Phosphorus sorption on lateritic gravels (>2 mm) decreased with increasing gravel size and increased with increasing time. Phosphorus sorption by whole soils decreased with increasing gravel content. Phosphorus sorption by the >2 mm fraction was principally by the external surfaces of the gravels. The estimation of phosphorus application rates for lateritic soils depended on the amount of phosphorus required by the plant and the gravel content of the soil. The former is the important factor at low soil gravel contents whereas the latter becomes more important as the gravel content increases. The implications for fertilizer management on the soil with consistent relationships between landscape position, gravel content and subsequent P sorption properties of whole soils are discussed.
2
Gopp, N. V., O. A. Savenkov, T. V. Nechaeva, N. V. Smirnova, and A. V. Smirnov. "Using of NDVI in digital mapping of phosphorus content in soils and assessment of it's availability by plants." Исследования Земли из Космоса, no. 2 (May 21, 2019): 65–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s0205-96142019265-73.
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It was developed а method of digital mapping of phosphorus content (total, organic, available) in soils using spatially distributed NDVI values calculated from Landsat 8 (30 m resolution). It was carried out comparative analysis of content of phosphorus of soils differing in soil humus content: with high and medium humus content. In medium-humus soils (agrochernozems, agro-dark-grey) compared to high- humus agrochernozems discovered lower contents of total phosphorus in 1.1 times, and organic phosphorus in 1.5–1.7 times. The reverse trend was found for available phosphorus — in all medium- humus soils its content was more in 2 times as compared with high-humus agrochernozems. The provision of plants with phosphorus was sufficient, since its content in the above-ground phytomass of the oat-pea mixture was in the optimal range of 0.23–0.5% for a completely dry mass. According to the visual diagnostics of external signs of phosphorus deficiency in plants was not revealed. It was not found correlation between the content of phosphorus in plants, the reserves of above-ground phytomass of oat-pea mixture and NDVI.
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Gabriela, Mühlbachová, Čermák Pavel, Vavera Radek, Káš Martin, Pechová Miroslava, Marková Kateřina, Kusá Helena, Růžek Pavel, Hlušek Jaroslav, and Lošák Tomáš. "Boron availability and uptake under increasing phosphorus rates in a pot experiment." Plant, Soil and Environment 63, No. 11 (November 20, 2017): 483–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/480/2017-pse.
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The boron (B) availability in soils, B uptake and possible B interactions with phosphorus (P) were studied in a pot experiment with increasing P rates. Three soil types of different characteristics were used for the experiment that lasted two years. The two soil tests were used in the experiment – Mehlich 3 and NH<sub>4</sub>-acetate. Significant positive correlations were found between barley dry matter yield, B content in plants and B uptake under increasing P treatments (P ≤ 0.001). The significant relationship for B content (P ≤ 0.001) was obtained between the used soil tests for all tested soils. A decrease of soil B content in soils under increasing P doses was determined. NH<sub>4</sub>-acetate soil test showed a significant relationship between B and P contents (P ≤ 0.001) within the studied soils in comparison with the Mehlich 3 method. Considering individual soils, the NH<sub>4</sub>-acetate test showed more often higher significance in comparison with the Mehlich 3 test. The interactions between P and B in soils should be taken in consideration when deciding about the phosphorus fertilization.
4
Rogeri, Douglas Antonio, Leandro Bortolon, Clesio Gianello, and Magno Batista Amorim. "Remaining phosphorus content to determine phosphorus availability of the soils in Rio Grande do Sul." Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira 52, no. 12 (December 2017): 1203–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-204x2017001200009.
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Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate remaining P compared with soil clay content as a P buffer index to classify P extracted by the Mehlich-1 (M1) and Mehlich-3 (M3) methods in soils from the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The experiment was carried out in a completely randomized design with five P2O5 rates (0, 50, 100, 200, and 400 mg kg-1) and two sucessive corn crops, and three replicates, in 20 representative soils of the state. P extracted by M1 and M3 before crop planting was adjusted to P contents in biomass, considering soil buffer capacity. The division of soils into different buffering classes, based on soil clay or remaining P, improved the capacity of estimating soil available P of both methods. However, there was no difference among the correlation coefficients obtained by classifying soils according to the evaluated indexes (remaining P or soil clay) for both M1 and M3 methods. Remaining P is a viable alternative to replace soil clay content to classify soil P extracted with the M1 and M3 methods.
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Sánchez-Esteva, Sara, Maria Knadel, Rodrigo Labouriau, Gitte H. Rubæk, and Goswin Heckrath. "Total Phosphorus Determination in Soils Using Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy: Evaluating Different Sources of Matrix Effects." Applied Spectroscopy 75, no. 1 (August 24, 2020): 22–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0003702820949560.
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Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is a potential alternative to wet chemical methods for total soil phosphorus determination, but matrix effects related to physical and chemical sample properties need to be further understood. The aim of this study was to explore matrix effects linked to particle size distribution and chemical form of phosphorus on LIBS response and the ability of LIBS to predict total phosphorus in a range of different soil types. Univariate calibration curves were developed by spiking the soils with increasing doses of phosphorus, and limits of detection for LIBS determined phosphorous (P) (LIBS-P) were calculated. Different particle size distributions in otherwise identical soils were obtained by four milling treatments and effects of chemical form of phosphorus were examined by spiking soils with identical amounts of phosphorus in different chemical compounds. The LIBS-P response showed a high correlation (R2 > 0.99) with total phosphorus for all soils. Yet, the sensitivity of LIBS differed significantly among soils, as the slope of the calibration curves increased with increasing sand content, resulting in estimated limits of detection of 10 mg kg−1 for the sandiest and 122 mg · kg−1 for the most clayey soils. These limits indicate that quantitative evaluation of total phosphorus in sandy and loamy sandy soils by LIBS is feasible, since they are lower than typical total phosphorus concentrations in soil. A given milling treatment created different particle size distributions depending on soil type, and consequently different LIBS-P results. Thus, procedures that specify the required degree of homogenization of soil samples prior to analysis are needed. Sieving after milling could be an option, but that should be tested. The soils spiked with Fe(III) phosphate, potassium phosphate and phytic acid had similar LIBS-P, except for soils with hydroxyapatite, which resulted in markedly lower response. These results suggested that matrix effects related to the chemical nature of phosphorus would be minor for non-calcareous soils in humid regions, where apatites comprise only a small fraction of total phosphorus. Strategies to overcome matrix effects related to particle size and content of apatite-phosphorus by combining multivariate models and soil type groupings should be further investigated.
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Minina, N. N., A. R. Makhmutov, and O. V. Sinelnikova. "Agrochemical characteristics of soils in the vicinity of the village of Mishkino, Mishkinsky district of the Republic of Bashkortostan." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1043, no. 1 (June 1, 2022): 012053. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1043/1/012053.
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Abstract The article is devoted to the analysis of the dynamics of the content of such important elements of fertility as phosphorus and potassium and the acidity of arable soils in the vicinity of the Mishkino Mishkinsky district of the Republic of Bashkortostan is determined. The data on the content of phosphorus and potassium and the determination of acidity in the soils of the Mishkinsky district of the Republic of Bashkortostan from 1976 to 2000 were compared. Studies on the phosphorus content in the soils of the Mishkino district conducted in 1976 showed an average level of phosphorus availability. Studies conducted in 1992 showed a slight increase in the availability of phosphorus in the soil. Studies in 2015 and 2020 showed a continuing trend of increasing the availability of phosphorus in the soil. Studies conducted to study the potassium content showed a fairly low potassium content in 1976. In 1992, in general, there were changes in the classes of security and in the amount of potassium content in the soil. Studies in 2015 and 2020 showed a steady trend towards an increase in potassium content in the soils of the district and the presence of soils only with an increased and high potassium content. Studies on soil acidity conducted in 1976 showed that the area of arable soils is mainly represented by medium-acid and slightly acidic soils. Studies in 1992 showed an increase in soil acidity. In the following years, the farm undertook methods of agrochemical effects on soils in order to reduce acidity. Research 2015. and 2020 showed a significant decrease in the acidity of arable soils. It has been established that due to the use of methods of rational nature management of territories, the area of agricultural soils with an average and increased content of mobile phosphorus and exchangeable potassium increases, processes of neutralization of strongly acidic soils occur.
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Yildiz, Ercan, Mehmet Yaman, and Ahmet Sümbül. "RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF SOILS AND PLANT NUTRIENT CONTENT OF LEAVES IN THE APPLE ORCHARDS." Current Trends in Natural Sciences 11, no. 21 (July 31, 2022): 139–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.47068/ctns.2022.v11i21.016.
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This study was carried out in 42 orchards located in the lowland of Develi, where the apple cultivation is intense in Kayseri province. The analyses were made to determine pH, CaCO3, EC, organic matter, available phosphorus (P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), manganese (Mn) and copper (Cu) in soil samples and nitrogen (N), P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Zn, Mn, Cu, and boron (B) in leaf samples. In the study, the relationships between some physical and chemical properties of the soils and the plant nutrient content of the leaves were evaluated by correlation analysis. In the study, between some physical and chemical properties of soils and the nutritional elements of soils and leaves were found important statistical relations. These relationships were mostly between soil samples rather than leaves. On the other hand, the pH and EC values of the soils showed less significant relationships with the nutrient contents of the samples according to the organic matter and CaCO3 contents of soils. It was determined that the organic matter content of the soils had a positive relationship with all the investigated elements except phosphorus. It has been determined that the relationship between the CaCO3 content and nutritional elements in the soils is statistically significant, it has a positive correlation with potassium and calcium and a negative correlation with other investigated elements. No significant relationships were found between the nutrient contents of the soils and the macro element contents of the leaves. While some important statistical relationships were determined between nutrient contents of the soils and micro element contents of the leaves, the highest correlation was determined between copper and boron contents. It was determined that the copper content of the leaves was positively related to the phosphorus, potassium and magnesium content of the soils and negatively related to the manganese content of the soils.
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Olego, Miguel Ángel, Mateo D. Cuesta-Lasso, Fernando Visconti Reluy, Roberto López, Alba López-Losada, and Enrique Garzón-Jimeno. "Laboratory Extractions of Soil Phosphorus Do Not Reflect the Fact That Liming Increases Rye Phosphorus Content and Yield in an Acidic Soil." Plants 11, no. 21 (October 27, 2022): 2871. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants11212871.
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In addition to aluminum and other heavy metal toxicities, acidic soils also feature nutrient deficits that are not easily overcome by merely adding the required amounts of mineral fertilizers. One of the most critically scarce nutrients in acidic soils is phosphorus, which reacts with aluminum and iron to form phosphates that keep soil phosphorus availability significantly low. Liming ameliorates acidic soils by increasing pH and decreasing aluminum contents; however, it also increases the amount of calcium, which can react with phosphorus to form low-solubility phosphates. In the present work, three liming materials, namely, dolomitic limestone, limestone and sugar foam, were applied on a Typic Palexerult cropped with rye. The effects of these materials on soil properties, including soil available phosphorus extracted with the Olsen and Bray-1 methods, rye phosphorus content in stems and stem and spike harvested biomasses were monitored for nine years. According to the Olsen extraction, the amount of soil available phosphorus generally decreased following liming, with limestone presenting the lowest values; however, the amount of soil available phosphorus increased according to the Bray-1 extraction, though only to a significant extent with the sugar foam from the third year onward. Regardless, the phosphorus content in rye and the relative biomass yield in both stems and spikes generally increased as a consequence of liming. Since crop uptake and growth are the ultimate tests of soil nutrient availability, the inconsistent stem phosphorus content results following the Olsen and Bray-1 extraction methods suggest a lowered efficiency of both extractants regarding crops in soils rich in both aluminum and calcium ions. This decrease can lead to important interpretation errors in the specific conditions of these limed acidic soils, so other methods should be applied and/or researched to better mimic the crop roots’ phosphorus extraction ability. Consequently, the effects of the liming of acidic soils on phosphorus availability and crop performance in the short and long term will be better understood.
9
Xu, G., J. N. Sun, R. F. Xu, Y. C. Lv, H. B. Shao, K. Yan, L. H. Zhang, and M. S. A. Blackwell. "Effects of air-drying and freezing on phosphorus fractions in soils with different organic matter contents." Plant, Soil and Environment 57, No. 5 (May 16, 2011): 228–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/428/2010-pse.
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Little is known about the effects of air-drying and freezing on the transformation of phosphorus (P) fractions in soils. It is important that the way in which soils respond to such perturbations is better understood as there are implications for both P availability and loss to surface waters from soils. In this study, the effects of air-drying and freezing were investigated using two soils, one being a forest soil (FS) high in organic matter and the other being a sterile soil (SS) low in organic matter. Soil P was fractionated using a modified Hedley fractionation method to examine the changes of phosphorus fractions induced by air-drying and freezing. Generally, there were no significant differences of total phosphorus among the three treatments (CV% < 10%). Compared with field moist soils, freezing the soil evoked few changes on phosphorus fractions except that the resin-P increased in FS soil. On the contrary, air-drying significantly changed the distribution of phosphors fractions for both soils: increased the labile-P (especially resin-P) and organic-P (NaHCO<sub>3</sub>-Po, NaOH-Po and Con.HCl-Po) at the expense of NaOH-Pi and occlude-P (Dil.HCl-P and Con.HCl-Pi). Resin-P significantly increased by 31% for SS soil and by 121% for FS soil upon air-drying. The effect of air-drying seemed to be more pronounced in the FS soil with high organic matter content. These results indicated that drying seem to drive the P transformation form occlude-P to labile-P and organic-P and accelerated the weathering of stable P pool. This potentially could be significant for soil P supply to plants and P losses from soils to surface waters under changing patterns of rainfall and temperature as predicted by some climate change scenarios.
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Chowdhury, S., D. Chakraborty, and MK Rahman. "Assessment of fertility potential index of some soils of Moheshkhali betel leaf (Piper betle L.) estate." Journal of Biodiversity Conservation and Bioresource Management 7, no. 1 (January 10, 2022): 25–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbcbm.v7i1.57120.
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Fifteen soil samples (0-15cm depth) and fifteen betel leaf samples from Bara Moheshkhali, Choto Moheshkhali, Hoanak, Kalmarchora, Shaplapur union of Moheshkhali upazila, Cox’s Bazar district were collected on December-January (2020-2021). It was collected for the purpose of evaluating the color, particle density, moisture content, texture, pH, EC and organic matter content of soils and total nitrogen, phosphorous, potassium and sulfur of the soils and total protein content, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and sulfur of leaves. Maximum sampled soil was containing yellowish red color when moist and showed brown color when dried. Some of them were flood plain soil and that’s why showed grey color during dry and moist condition. Mean particle density was 2.49 g/cm3 and mean moisture content was 13.95%. Average sand, silt and clay were 65.08%, 18.56% and 19.26%, respectively. The texture of the soils was sandy loam to clay loam. The sand was by far the dominant fraction in the soils. Mean pH value was 5.63, organic matter was 0.30% and EC was 99.38μS/cm. Mean total nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and sulfur of the soils were 0.04, 0.46, 0.25 and 0.26%, respectively. The mean concentration of protein, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and sulfur in the betel leaf samples were 20.56, 3.29, 0.39, 0.79 and 0.20%, respectively. This investigation focuses on the fertility status and physico-chemical properties of soil in betel leaf garden of only hilly island of Bangladesh, Moheshkhali. J. Biodivers. Conserv. Bioresour. Manag. 2021, 7(1): 25-32
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Becher, Marcin, Krzysztof Pakuła, Joanna Pielech, and Ewa Trzcińska. "Phosphorus resources and fractions in peat-muck soils." Environmental Protection and Natural Resources 29, no. 3 (September 1, 2018): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/oszn-2018-0012.
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Abstract The goal of the research was to determine the resources and speciation (forms of occurrence) of phosphorus in organic soils of drained fens of the Wysoczyzna Siedlecka. Two profiles of muck soils were generated from different peats. Basic physical and chemical properties of the soils and the quantity, resources and fractions of phosphorus in the soil were determined. The majority of the total resource of soil phosphorus was accumulated in the muck horizons of the analysed soils. The total content of phosphorus materially correlated with characteristically variable parameters in the moorshification process (voids free bulk density of the content of organic matter, C/N ratio and C/P ratio). Additionally, a material positive correlation of the content of phosphorus with the content of iron, manganese and aluminium was observed. The moorshification process of the analysed soils entails the qualitative transformation of phosphorus compounds, mainly involving an increase in the share of more labile and easily available forms, forms released in reduction conditions and forms combined with metallic oxides, apatite, carbonate and labile organic forms.
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Sárdi, Katalin, and P. Csathó. "Studies on the Phosphorus Retention of Different Soil Types in a Pot Experiment with Perennial Ryegrass." Agrokémia és Talajtan 51, no. 1-2 (March 1, 2002): 177–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/agrokem.51.2002.1-2.21.
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Differences in soil properties and among plant species may play an important role in the effectiveness of residual and freshly applied phosphorus fertilizers. However, a limited number of experimental results are available on this subject. Pot experiments were carried out with soils from 9 sites of the National Long-term Fertilization Trials, varying in their main characteristics, such as pH, soil texture, organic matter content and P status. Soil samples were taken after 20 years from the unfertilized control and from plots annually fertilized with 200 kg P 2 O 5 .ha -1 . Effects of long-term fertilization as well as that of freshly applied phosphorus were studied in the experiments. Perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) was used as test plant. The objective of the present study was to develop quantitative relationships between selected soil parameters and the phosphorus retention characteristics of the experimental soils. Amounts of P removed by plants during 5 cuts were correlated with DM production of plants as well as with the phosphorus amounts extracted at pH 3.7 by ammonium lactate-acetic acid, AL-P mg.kg -1 soil. Phosphorus nutrient balance was calculated from the results to evaluate either P supply or retention characteristics of experimental soils. Results of the experiments were computed by stepwise regression analyses using the STATGRAPHICS program package. Soil parameters involved in the study were: humus content, pH values (ranging from 3.9 to 7.4), clay mineralogy, total P contents of soils, P rates applied for 20 years, freshly applied P in the pot experiment. Based on the results of regression analyses, the importance of soil parameters was evaluated. It was established that several soil parameters significantly influenced the phosphorus retention of soils. Regression coefficients (R²) ranged between 0.619 and 0.285 (n = 86). Long-term effects of P application, higher pH values and humus content had a favourable influence on the P retention of experimental soils. On the other hand, increasing phosphorus retention could be attributed to higher CEC, vermiculite content as well as to increasing rates of freshly applied phosphorus. It was found that long-term effects of P applications on the P supplying power of soils were related also to the increasing N and K rates, providing a balanced nutrient supply in soils. Our results may help the broader understanding of phosphorus retention and fixation characteristics under various soil conditions.
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Shah, Asad, Jing Huang, Muhammad Numan Khan, Tianfu Han, Sehrish Ali, Nano Alemu Daba, Jiangxue Du, et al. "Sole and Combined Application of Phosphorus and Glucose and Its Influence on Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Microbial Biomass in Paddy Soils." Agronomy 12, no. 10 (September 30, 2022): 2368. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy12102368.
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Soil microbial activities are consistently restricted not only by phosphorus availability but also by microbial carbon requirements. Therefore, an incubation experiment was conducted with three soils (QY1, QY2 and QY3) selected on the basis of phosphorus limitation. Results revealed that high N2O emissions, 17.44 µg kg−1, were measured in phosphorus-deficient soil with addition of glucose. In phosphorus-adequate soils, the peaks of N2O emission values in the glucose addition treatment were 20.8 µg kg−d and 24.7 µg kg−1, which were higher than without glucose-added treatments. CH4 emissions were higher with glucose addition, at 1.9 µg kg−e in phosphorus-deficient soil and 1.52 µg kg−e and 2.6 µg kg−1 in two phosphorus-adequate soils. Phosphorus added to deficient and adequate soil significantly increased the cumulative CH4 and N2O emissions compared to the solely glucose added soil and the combination of glucose with phosphorus. Glucose addition significantly increased microbial biomass carbon (MBC) but decreased microbial biomass phosphorus (MBP), especially in the phosphorus-adequate soil. For MBC, the highest value obtained was 175.8 mg kg−1, which was determined under glucose addition in phosphorus-adequate soil. The soil pH increased with glucose addition but decreased with phosphorus addition in phosphorus-deficient soil. The soil organic carbon (SOC) content was significantly affected by glucose addition in the phosphorus-deficient soil. Available phosphorus (AP) was highly influenced by phosphorus addition but did not appear to be affected by glucose addition. From the current study, we concluded that sole phosphorus and glucose addition increase CH4 andN2O emissions in phosphorus-deficient and also in phosphorus-adequate paddy soils. Further study will be conducted on sole and interactive effects of glucose and phosphorous on soil with plants and without plants.
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Jakab, Anita. "The ammonium lactate soluble potassium and phosphorus content of the soils of north-east Hungary region: a quantifying study." DRC Sustainable Future: Journal of Environment, Agriculture, and Energy 1, no. 1 (January 21, 2020): 7–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.37281/drcsf/1.1.2.
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Half of the orchards of Hungary are in Szatmár-Bereg County. The county is in North-east Hungary. The total area of this micro region (5936 km²) covers 6.6% of the country’s overall territory (90 030 km2). The most common soil types of the planted areas in Szatmár and Bereg region are acidic meadow (WRB Vertisol) and acidic sediment (WRB Fluvisol) soils, while sandy (WRB Arenosol) soils dominate the neighboring area (Nyírség). In this study several chemical parameters were investigated, including ammonium lactate (AL) soluble phosphorus and potassium content of soils of fruit plantations. Ammonium soluble phosphorus and potassium contents of soils are represent determining the current amount of phosphorus and potassium available to plants in the soil solution. We established nutrient deficiency caused by acidification of soils and the need for rational fertilization of the soils in the region. Results of soil analysis can contribute to sustainable soil and land use by considering soil and plant nutrient requirements.
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Martynov, A. V. "Available for plants phosphorus in the floodplain catenas of the Amur River." Dokuchaev Soil Bulletin, no. 107 (July 12, 2021): 61–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.19047/0136-1694-2021-107-61-91.
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This work was carried out to study the content and distribution of available for plants phosphorus in different types of floodplain soils along five catenas located in the upper and the middle Amur. It was found that the available for plants phosphorus forms in the soils of floodplains are influenced by the following factors: the structure of the river system, the type of floodplain, the type of vegetation cover, and soil-forming processes. During the long-term transportation of alluvium along the river bed, its hydrogenic weathering occurs with the release of phosphorus into river waters. In the absence of tributaries serving as additional sources of alluvium, the phosphorus content decreases downstream. More intense floodplain and alluvial processes in small floodplains provide renewal of the soil profile and replenishment of phosphorus reserves. In the soils under the birch forest, there is a significant accumulation of phosphorus, in comparison with the soils under meadow vegetation. The development of gley processes leads to active mobilization of phosphorus, but the long-term exposure leads to the depletion of its total reserves. The illimerization processes, initiated and developing when the floodplain hydrological regime of alluvial soils is changed to another one, promote the migration of iron oxides and phosphorus, adsorbed by the former, beyond the soil profile. To summarize, the average content of available for plants phosphorus, depending on the type of soil, decreases downstream from 300–100 mg/kg in the upper Amur to 170–20 mg/kg in the middle Amur. Available for plants of phosphorus are best provided in primitive alluvial layered soils, while in residual floodplain brunezems the lowest content is recorded.
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FANDALYUK, А., I. KOMAR, and A. CHOPAK. "DYNAMICS OF THE CONTENT OF PHOSPHORUS MOBILE COMPOUNDS IN SOILS OF THE TRANSCARPATHIAN REGION." PROBLEMS OF AGROINDUSTRIAL COMPLEX OF KARPATY 29 (2021): 154–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.47279/2709-3727-2021-1-14.
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The distribution of soils by the content of mobile phosphorus compounds in the soils of the Transcarpathian region according to the results of ecological and agrochemical survey conducted during the VIII - XI rounds (2001 - 2020) is highlighted. Keywords: soil, ecological and agrochemical survey, mobile phosphorus compounds, soil acidity.
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Szara, Ewa, Tomasz Sosulski, and Magdalena Szymańska. "Soil phosphorus sorption properties in different fertilization systems." Plant, Soil and Environment 65, No. 2 (February 1, 2019): 78–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/696/2018-pse.
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The study aimed at the evaluation of the accumulation and vertical distribution of different forms of phosphorus (P) in reference to phosphorus sorption properties subject to mineral (NPK), mineral-organic (NPK + M), and organic (M) fertilisation. It was carried out in a long-term experimental field in Skierniewice (Central Poland) conducted since 1923 under rye monoculture. Total P content in the M and NPK soil profile was similar and lower than in the NPK + M soil. The content of organic P in A<sub>p</sub> and E<sub>et</sub> horizons of both manured soils was similar and higher than in the NPK soil. The Langmuir P sorption maximum (S<sub>max</sub>) in the studied soils ranged from 39.7 to 90 mg P/kg, while the Freundlich P sorption coefficient a<sub>F</sub> ranged from 6.9 to 41.9 mg P/kg. Higher variability of parameters related to the binding energy from the Lanqmuir (k) and Freundlich (a<sub>F</sub>) equations was determined between soil horizons than between the fertilisation systems. Nonetheless, in M and NPK + M soils, sorption parameters a<sub>F</sub> and S<sub>max</sub> and binding energy (k, b<sub>F</sub>) were considerably lower than in the NPK soil. The content of water extracted P in manured soils was higher than in the NPK soil.
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Hernandez, Jorge David, and Randy Killorn. "Phosphorus fertilizer by-product effect on the interaction of zinc and phosphorus in corn and soybean." Canadian Journal of Soil Science 89, no. 2 (May 1, 2009): 189–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjss07069.
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The application of high phosphorus fertilizer by-products to farmland is a common practice used to reduce storage volume and disposal cost. However, because Iowa soils are generally high in both phosphorus and zinc, there are environmental and fertility questions concerning their application to farmland. A greenhouse study was conducted to determine the effect of a soil-applied fertilizer by-product on the zinc-phosphorus relationship in corn and soybean plants grown on three Iowa soil series: Belinda, Downs, and Haig. The soils were mixed with a high-phosphorus fertilizer by-product and plants were also collected and analyzed for phosphorus and zinc content and uptake. Soil samples were analyzed for phosphorus and zinc content. The experiment was repeated, switching pots to assess the residual effect after one cycle of rotation. The treatments were arranged in a totally randomized design with three replications. The results indicated that the high phosphorus fertilizer by-product increased soil and plant concentrations of phosphorus in soybean and corn plants and soils. However, the increase of P concentration did not induce changes in the phosphorus-zinc interaction in corn and soybean plants in any of the studied soils. Key words: Phosphorus, corn, soybean, zinc, sludge, by-products, Zn-P relationship, zinc-phosphorus interaction
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Iglovikov, Anatoly, and Alexander Motorin. "Methods of optimizing the phosphate regime of drained peat soils in the northern trans-Urals." E3S Web of Conferences 135 (2019): 01003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201913501003.
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The paper presents the results of long-term research to determine the content of phosphorus in drained peat soils and the influence of agro-meliorative techniques on its dynamics. The objects of research were medium-power peat soils on the typical genesis for subtaiga (Yernyakul bog located on the watershed of Tobol and Vagai rivers; Usalskoe bog – on the second floodplain terrace of Tobol river) and forest steppe (Tarmanskoe bog, Reshetnikovo object located on the second floodplain terrace of Tura river) of Northern Trans-Ural region. It has been revealed that the gross phosphorus content in drained peat soils is 0.1–0.3 %. The main part (83.8–95.2 %) of phosphorus in peat soil is in the form of organic compounds. The ratio of mobile phosphorus to its gross content corresponds to 4.8–16.2 %. The mobility of phosphorus during the 40-summer period increases insignificantly and only in the arable layer. The increase in the content of phosphorus is achieved by the use of phosphorus fertilizers and, to a lesser extent, the strengthening of the processes of mineralization of peat. Poor mobility and good availability of phosphorus plants on peat soils allows to put it in stock for 5 years.
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Rogóż, Antoni, and Monika Tabak. "Contents of selected macroelements in soils, potatoes and fodder beets at variable soil reaction / Zawartość wybranych makroelementów w glebach oraz w ziemniakach i burakach pastewnych przy zmiennym odczynie gleby." Soil Science Annual 66, no. 1 (March 1, 2015): 3–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ssa-2015-0012.
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Abstract The aim of the research was to determine the concentration of selected macroelements in soil and in root crops (potatoes and fodder beets) at a variable soil reaction. The changes in pH values in the studied soils influenced the content of these elements in soluble forms determined in 0.1 mol HCl·dm-3. A statistical analysis showed a positive relationship between the soil pH value and the calcium and magnesium contents in a form close to the total form, as well as the content of soluble forms of phosphorus, calcium, and magnesium. The content of the studied macroelements, i.e. phosphorus, calcium, magnesium in the cultivated fodder beets and potatoes depended on abundance and form in which the studied elements occurred in soil, and also on specie and analyzed part of the plant. Along with the increase in pH values of the an increase in the phosphorus content and reduction of the magnesium content in the roots and above-ground parts of the beets were found. The calcium content in the roots increased along with an increase in pH of the soils, whereas direction of changes in the content of this element in the petioles and laminae of the beets was not unambiguous. A slight decrease in the content of the studied elements in the potato tubers (along with the increase in pH of the soils) was found.
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Zheng, Z., L. E. Parent, and J. A. MacLeod. "Influence of soil texture on fertilizer and soil phosphorus transformations in Gleysolic soils." Canadian Journal of Soil Science 83, no. 4 (August 1, 2003): 395–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/s02-073.
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The P dynamics in soils should be quantified in agricultural soils to improve fertilizer P (FP) efficiency while limiting the risk of P transfer from soils to water bodies. This study assessed P transformations following FP addition to Gleysolic soils. A pot experiment was conducted with five soils varying in texture from sandy loam to heavy clay, and receiving four FP rates under barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)-soybean (Glycine max L.) rotations. A modified Hedley procedure was used for soil P fractionation. Soil resin-P and NaHCO3-Pi contents were interactively affected by texture and FP. The NaHCO3-Po, NaOH-Po, HCl-P and H2SO4-P were only affected by soil texture. Proportions of 78 and 90% of the variation in labile and total P were, respectively, related to soil clay content. The FP addition increased resin-P, NaHCO3-Pi and NaOH-Pi and -Po contents in coarse-textured soils, but the amount added was not sufficient to mask the initial influence of soil texture on the sizes of soil P pools. Plant P uptake was proportional to FP rate but less closely linked to clay content. The average increase in labile P per unit of total FP added in excess of plant exports was 0.85, 0.8 2 , 0.73, 0.55 and 0.24 for the sandy loam, loam, clay loam, clay and heavy clay soil, respectively. The results of this study stress the important of considering soil texture in Gleysolic soils when assessing P accumulation and transformations in soils, due to commercial fertilizers applied in excess of crop removal. Key words: P fractions, clay content, fertilizer P, plant P uptake, soil texture
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Mustaqimah, Devianti, AA Munawar, Ferijal, and Sufardi. "Chemical Characteristics of Dryland Soils from Aceh Besar Regency As A Fertilizer Design Reference." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1116, no. 1 (December 1, 2022): 012057. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1116/1/012057.
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Abstract Although the potential for dry agricultural land in Aceh Besar Regency is very wide, but the development of existing food crops is still low. There is a few information about the quality of soil chemical content in dry agricultural land effect to the development of crop productions. This study aims to provide information on the characteristics of soil chemical elements, Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium on agricultural lands in Aceh Besar regency in the form of a map. This study was conducted using the analysis of variant tests method and spatial analysis. It covered some types of data, namely: Aceh Besar maps, administration data, soil type, topography and land use map that have been collected into a mapping of land use unit. The first stage in this study was collection of soil samples at predetermined location points with a depth of 0 to 30 cm and 30 to 60 cm. After the soil samples were obtained, analysis of Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium elements in the soil chemical laboratory was carried out. The classification and factors found in soil chemistry analysis affected the content of Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium in the soil. Analysis of variant tests showed that the type of soil did not have any influence on the content of Phosphorus and Potassium elements. While the sampling depth of 0 to 30 cm masked the impact on Nitrogen elements. On the other hand, land use only affected Phosphorus elements. Soil’s chemicals content had different levels. In this case, the value of Nitrogen content spread across 12 sampling points locations. as much as 91% of the available Nitrogen content is very low, while 50% of the available Phosphorous content is very low, then 8.3% of the available Potassium content were very low, and 25% of the available Potassium content were low. The mapping of soil chemical elements classification can provide information on the content of soil chemistry Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium available in Aceh Besar Regency.
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Mao, Ying Ming, Gui Ru Xu, and Xiao Yu Pan. "Physicochemical Property and Nutrient Status of Soils in Urban Green Spaces in Xuzhou, China." Advanced Materials Research 610-613 (December 2012): 3102–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.610-613.3102.
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Soil physicochemical properties and the nutrient status of urban green spaces (UGS) in Xuzhou were analyzed. The results show that the soil pH is neutral to alkaline. Influenced by alkaline chemical fertilizer and some building materials, the soil pH presents a rising tendency. The content of soil organic matter (SOM) content was low but variable, which is mainly attributed to the disturbance of anthropogenic activity. The distributions of total nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium are relatively uniform but those of alkali-hydrolysable nitrogen, available phosphorus and potassium are highly dispersed. In addition, available phosphorus shows the most significant variation. The contents of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium are lower than in the natural cinnamon soils, and their deficiencies will occur if no effective measures are taken in the near future.
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Marler, Thomas E. "Soil from Serianthes Rhizosphere Influences Growth and Leaf Nutrient Content of Serianthes Plants." Agronomy 12, no. 8 (August 17, 2022): 1938. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy12081938.
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Soils from the rhizosphere of perennial plants accumulate microorganisms that influence the growth of other plants. This microorganism biodiversity may be exploited by using these soils as an inoculum in new planting sites. Soils collected from the rhizosphere of mature Serianthes trees were subjected to treatments designed to reduce or increase microorganism populations, then were used in a series of five studies to grow Serianthes plants in container culture. Serianthes kanehirae and Serianthes grandiflora stem growth was 14–19% greater, leaf nitrogen was 40–46% greater, leaf phosphorus was 50–86% greater, and leaf potassium was 28–43% greater when grown in soils from Serianthes rhizosphere than in soils away from a Serianthes tree. Treating the Serianthes rhizosphere soils with sterilization or propiconazole fungicide reduced stem growth of S. grandiflora, S. kanehirae, and Serianthes nelsonii plants by 16–47% below that of untreated soils. The sterilization and fungicide treatments also consistently reduced phosphorus (48–50%) and potassium (12–21%) content of leaves when compared with untreated rhizosphere soil. Adding Rhizophagus irregularis inoculum to the sterilized soil reversed the reduction in S. grandiflora stem growth and leaf phosphorus content. These findings indicate that soils from the Serianthes rhizosphere contain beneficial microorganisms for Serianthes plant growth and leaf nutritional status and exploiting these soils as an inoculum for new planting sites may provide a net-positive influence on post-transplant growth and survival.
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Víg, Róbert, Attila Dobos, and Zoltán Pongrácz. "Statistical comparison of soil analysing results of chernozem soils." Acta Agraria Debreceniensis, no. 30 (October 10, 2008): 93–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.34101/actaagrar/30/2997.
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The soil fertility was degraded as a result of unreasonable tillage, therefore the application of site-specific nutrient replacement is necessary. It is essential for the application of precision fertilization to know the location, extension, soil properties and nutrient-supply of the different soil types ofcultivated areas.We collected soil samples from 580 hectares of land in 2006. Soil samples were collected from every 5 ha in 30 and 60 cm depths during Spring from 20.05.2006 to 12.06.2006 and again in Autumn from 09.19.2006 to 02.10.2006. Soil samples were analysed at the Department of Agricultural Chemistry and Soil Science of DE-ATC.The two examined soils are slightly calcareous, weakly saline, poor in zinc. The calcareous chernozem soil is slightly acid, the content of humus, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is medium in this soil. The meadow chernozem soil is slightly alkaline, and properly supplied with humus and potassium, and middling supplied with nitrogen and phosphorus. The meadow chernozem soil is more heterogenous in soil plasticity, lime, saline, nitrogen phosphorus and potassium content and less heterogenous in pH and zinc content than the calcareous chernozem soil.Standard deviation of measured values in pH, soil plasticity, humus and nitrogen content significantly differ between the examined soil types. The soil plasticity, pH, humus, nitrogen and zinc content significantly differ among calcareous chernozem soil and meadow chernozem soil, but the difference in phosphorus content can be statistically proven only in case of Spring soil sampling.
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Mühlbachová, Gabriela, Pavel Čermák, Martin Káš, Kateřina Marková, Radek Vavera, Miroslava Pechová, and Tomáš Lošák. "Crop yields, boron availability and uptake in relation to phosphorus supply in a field experiment." Plant, Soil and Environment 64, No. 12 (November 30, 2018): 619–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/490/2018-pse.
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The boron (B) availability and uptake were studied in relation to different phosphorus rates applied into soils in a three-year field experiment (2015–2017). The experiment was carried out at the experimental station at Humpolec (Bohemian-Moravian Highlands, Czech Republic). Three rates of phosphorus (20-40-80 kg P/ha) were applied as triple superphosphate. The crop rotation was spring barley-winter oilseed rape-winter wheat. No systematic fertilization with B was used and the response of natural boron soil content to the different phosphorus supply was studied. The crop yields, B content in plants, B-uptake, and content of B (extracted by Mehlich 3 and NH<sub>4</sub> acetate methods) were determined. Spring barley and winter wheat B uptake was about one order of magnitude lower in comparison with oilseed rape. Significant differences in B content in soils, in crop tissues and B-uptake, were found mainly under higher phosphorus doses (40 and 80 kg P/ha). NH<sub>4</sub> acetate method showed better correlations between P and B contents in soils than Mehlich 3 method from the second experimental year. The P-fertilization may affect negatively the B-uptake by plants, particularly if the highly nutrient demanding crop is grown.
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Matula, J. "Relationship between phosphorus concentration in soil solution and phosphorus in shoots of barley." Plant, Soil and Environment 57, No. 7 (July 14, 2011): 307–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/149/2011-pse.
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Phosphorus concentration in the soil solution of agricultural soils should be a consensus of the agronomic and environmental aspect. Data from literary sources are inconsistent if the method of soil solution extraction from the soil and the method of phosphorus detection are not indicated. In the present paper a simplified procedure of soil solution extraction is used that is derived from the need of water to attain saturated soil paste. Based on barley cultivation in a plant growth chamber on 72 different soils the relationship between P concentration in simulated soil solution and the response of test plant (spring barley) was evaluated. Three approaches were used to derive an adequate P concentration in soil solution. Based on the diagnostics of P content in barley the following adequate P concentrations in soil solution were derived: 0.23–0.86 ppm P for colorimetry and 0.9–1.75 ppm P for ICP-AES. Using the concept of the boundary line of yield the critical P concentration in soil solutions was 0.8 ppm P for colorimetry and 1.3 ppm P for ICP-AES. The concept of the boundary line of P efficiency index enabled to define P concentrations in soil solution that can be considered as the lower limits of suitability from the agronomic aspect:<br />0.15 ppm P in simulated soil solution for colorimetry and 0.7 ppm P for ICP-AES.
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Neff, J. C., J. W. Harden, and G. Gleixner. "Fire effects on soil organic matter content, composition, and nutrients in boreal interior Alaska." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 35, no. 9 (September 1, 2005): 2178–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x05-154.
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Boreal ecosystems contain a substantial fraction of the earth's soil carbon stores and are prone to frequent and severe wildfires. In this study, we examine changes in element and organic matter stocks due to a 1999 wildfire in Alaska. One year after the wildfire, burned soils contained between 1071 and 1420 g/m2 less carbon than unburned soils. Burned soils had lower nitrogen than unburned soils, higher calcium, and nearly unchanged potassium, magnesium, and phosphorus stocks. Burned surface soils tended to have higher concentrations of noncombustible elements such as calcium, potassium, magnesium, and phosphorus compared with unburned soils. Combustion losses of carbon were mostly limited to surface dead moss and fibric horizons, with no change in the underlying mineral horizons. Burning caused significant changes in soil organic matter structure, with a 12% higher ratio of carbon to combustible organic matter in surface burned horizons compared with unburned horizons. Pyrolysis gas chromatography mass spectroscopy also shows preferential volatilization of polysaccharide-derived organic matter and enrichment of lignin- and lipid-derived compounds in surface soils. The chemistry of deeper soil layers in burned and unburned sites was similar, suggesting that immediate fire impacts were restricted to the surface soil horizon.
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Szabó, Emese, László Huzsvai, Rita Kremper, and Jakab Loch. "Relationship between the 0.01 M CaCl2- and AL-soluble soil phosphorus contents." Agrokémia és Talajtan 67, no. 1 (June 2018): 23–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/0088.2018.67.1.2.
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The traditional Hungarian method for determining soil phosphorus (P) status is ammonium-lactate acetic acid (AL) extraction. AL is an acidic solution (buffered at pH 3.75), which is also able to dissolve P reserves, so there is a need for extraction methods that also characterize the mobile P pool. 0.01 M CaCl2-P is considered to directly describe available P forms, because the dilute salt solution has more or less the same ionic strength as the average salt concentration in many soil solutions. The amount of AL-P may be two orders of magnitude greater than that of CaCl2-P. Previous studies suggested that the relationship between AL-P and CaCl2-P was influenced by soil parameters. Regression analysis between AL-P and CaCl2-P showed medium or strong correlations when using soils with homogeneous soil properties, while there was a weak correlation between them for soils with heterogeneous properties. The objective of this study was to increase the accuracy of the conversion between AL-P and CaCl2-P, by constructing universal equations that also take soil properties into consideration. The AL-P and CaCl2-P contents were measured in arable soils (n=622) originating from the Hungarian Soil Information and Monitoring System (SIMS). These soils covered a wide range of soil properties. A weak correlation was found between AL-P and CaCl2-P in SIMS soils. The amounts and ratio of AL-P and CaCl2-P depended on soil properties such as CaCO3 content and texture. The ratio of AL-P to CaCl2-P changed from 37 in noncalcareous soils to 141 on highly calcareous soils. CaCl2-P decreased as a function of KA (plasticity index according to Arany), which is related to the clay content, while the highest AL-P content was found on loam soils, probably due to the fact that a high proportion of them were calcareous. The relationships between AL-P, CaCl2-P and soil properties in the SIMS dataset were evaluated using multiple linear regression analysis. In order to select the best model the Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) was used to compare different models. The soil factors included in the models were pHKCl, humus and CaCO3 content to describe AL-P, and KA, CaCO3 content and pHKCl to describe CaCl2-P. AL-P was directly proportional to pHKCl, humus and CaCO3 content, while CaCl2-P was inversely proportional to KA, CaCO3 content and pHKCl. The explanatory power of the models increased when soil properties were included. The percentage of the explained variance in the AL-P and CaCl2-P regression models was 56 and 51%, so the accuracy of the conversion between the two extraction methods was still not satisfactory and it does not seem to be possible to prepare a universally applicable equation. Further research is needed to obtain different regression equations for soils with different soil properties, and CaCl2-P should also be calibrated in long-term P fertilization trials.
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Zhang, Qian, Guilin Han, Man Liu, and Lingqing Wang. "Geochemical Characteristics of Rare Earth Elements in Soils from Puding Karst Critical Zone Observatory, Southwest China." Sustainability 11, no. 18 (September 11, 2019): 4963. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11184963.
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Soil samples from eight soil profiles under different land-use types were collected at the Puding Karst Critical Zone Observatory, Southwest China, to investigate the distribution, fractionation, and controlling factors of rare earth elements (REEs). The total REEs contents in topsoil ranged from 149.97 to 247.74 mg kg−1, the contents in most topsoil were higher than local soil background value (202.60 mg kg−1), and the highest content was observed in topsoil under cropland. The REEs contents in surface soils from lower slopes sites were higher than that of middle and upper slope sites, and the highest contents were observed in cropland. The PAAS-normalized REEs pattern in soils showed MREEs significantly enriched relative to LREEs and HREEs, and HREEs were enriched relative to LREEs. The results showed that clay content, pH, soil organic carbon, total phosphorus, and Fe content were the main factors influencing the distribution of REEs in karst soils, and soil organic carbon (SOC), Fe content showed better linear relationship with REEs.
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Opeyemi, Akintola, Bodede Adewunmi, and Abiola Oluwaseyi. "Physical and Chemical Properties of Soils in Gambari Forest Reserve Near Ibadan, South Western Nigeria." Journal of Bioresource Management 7, no. 2 (June 1, 2020): 57–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.35691/jbm.0202.0132.
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The different features of soil greatly affect the flora and vegetative diversity of a forest. The physical and chemical characteristics of soils in Onigambari Forest Reserve were evaluated to assess the fertility and productivity status of the soils. Fifteen soil samples collected from different sample locations were analyzed for soil texture (sand, silt and clay), bulk density, porosity, pH, organic matter, total nitrogen, available phosphorus, exchangeable bases (Na, K, Ca and Mg) and available micronutrients (Zn, Cu, Fe and Mn). Texturally, the studied soils were loamy sand and sandy loam with percentage of sands (71.2-84.2 %), silts (7.4-10.4 %) and clay (6.4-19.4 %). The bulk density of the soils was 1.61-1.83 % while the porosity of the soils ranged from 35.2-44.1 %. The slightly acidic to neutral soil pH (5.90 - 6.60) and medium organic matter content (1.68 -2.60 %) suggest adequate level of soil nutrients. The soils had high total nitrogen (0.35 -0.65 %) and available phosphorus contents between 10.98 and 18.22mg/kg.
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Alamgir, Md, and Petra Marschner. "Changes in phosphorus pools in three soils upon addition of legume residues differing in carbon/phosphorus ratio." Soil Research 51, no. 6 (2013): 484. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sr12378.
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Previously we showed that addition of legume residues affected the size of different soil phosphorus (P) pools in an alkaline loamy sand soil. Here, we tested whether the changes in soil P pools induced by residue addition are generally applicable or whether they are dependent on certain soil properties. Three legume residues differing in P concentration, faba bean (Vicia faba L.) (high P), chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) (medium P), and white lupin (Lupinus albus L.) (low P), were added at a rate of 20 g residue kg–1 soil to three different soils with low Colwell-P concentration: Mt Bold (sandy clay loam, high organic carbon (C) content, pH 5.1), Monarto (loamy sand, low organic C content, pH 7.5), and Langhorne Creek (sandy loam, low organic C content, pH 8.1). Soil P pools were assessed by sequential P fractionation on days 0 and 42. In residue-amended soils from day 0 to day 42, the concentrations of water-soluble and microbial P decreased, whereas the concentrations of NaHCO3-Pi (inorganic P) and NaOH-Po (organic P) increased. The magnitude of these changes differed among soils, being greatest in the Mt Bold soil. Residue addition had little or no effect on the concentrations of NaOH-Pi and residual P, which also did not change significantly over time. Principal component analysis of the data showed that the size of the P pools was related to soil properties; high concentrations of HCl-P were associated with high pH and calcium concentrations, high concentrations of NaOH-P and residual P were correlated with high aluminium, silt, organic C, and total nitrogen and P. In the unamended soil on day 0, the concentration of NaHCO3-Pi was correlated with the clay content, whereas on day 42, the concentrations of the labile P pools were related to amount of P added with the residues. It can be concluded that most effects of residue addition to soils on microbial activity and growth and soil P pools can be generalised across the three soil used in this study, but that the size of the P pools is affected by soil properties such as organic C content, pH, and texture.
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Füleky, György. "Phosphorus Supply of Typical Hungarian Soils." Agrokémia és Talajtan 55, no. 1 (March 1, 2006): 117–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/agrokem.55.2006.1.13.
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The new hot water percolation (HWP) method was introduced to determine the phosphorus supply of soils from the Soil Bank of 36 Hungarian soils. The present work aimed to explain the availability of phosphorus by determining the inorganic phosphate fractions and using ryegrass test plants. Four inorganic phosphate fractions were distinguished: Fraction I, the sorbed phosphates; Fraction II, the easily soluble Ca phosphates and the Al bound phosphates; Fraction III, the Fe phosphates; and Fraction IV, the hardly soluble Ca phosphates. Fraction II, in which the easily soluble Ca phosphates and Al phosphates accumulate, was the main phosphorus source for the test plants on both calcareous and non-calcareous soils. Fraction III (the iron phosphates) plays a greater role in non-calcareous soils, while Fraction IV (the hardly soluble Ca phosphates) in calcareous soils. Both fractions are closely connected with soil development, and with soil properties such as pH and CaCO 3 content. The hot water percolation method reflects the phosphorus supply of soil as well as that measured with ryegrass plants and with the AL method. This new HWP method is in good correlation with the main source of phosphate, with fraction II. For routine purposes the first collected HWP fraction can possibly be used to determine the phosphorus supply of soil correlating well with the phosphorus uptake of test plants.
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Zakharova, I. A., and Kh S. Iumashev. "PHOSPHORUS AND POTASSIUM RESERVES IN THE MAIN TYPES OF ZONAL SOILS OF THE CHELYABINSK REGION." Bulletin of NSAU (Novosibirsk State Agrarian University), no. 3 (October 24, 2020): 38–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.31677/2072-6724-2020-56-3-38-45.
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One of the most important tasks of land monitoring is to control the content of gross and mobile forms of basic nutrients in soils. The phosphate-potassium regime of the soil depends not only on its type and the geochemical composition of the soil-forming rock, but also on the landscape and the level of chemicalization of the soil. The low content of phosphorus in the soil in the main area of agricultural land limits the productivity of agrocenoses. The reserves of potassium in the soils of the region are quite high. However, monitoring of this indicator is still important. A comparative assessment of the phosphate-potassium regime of arable land and virgin lands under the same soilforming process is of scientific and practical interest. According to the research results, it has been established that black soils have the highest reserves level of gross and mobile forms of phosphorus. Dark gray mountain-forest soils have the lowest one. A widespread decrease in the reserves of mobile phosphorus in agricultural soils was revealed. This tendency is especially pronounced in dark gray mountain forest soils, ordinary and southern black soils. According to the results of monitoring, it was revealed that the reserves of exchangeable potassium in the main area of arable land and virgin land are gradually increased. In the dark gray mountain-forest soils, as well as leached black soils for five rounds of the survey, the reserves of exchangeable potassium decreased. It is necessary to adjust the dose of fertilizers into the farms with updated information on the agrochemical properties of the soil, taking into account the content of phosphorus and potassium in the arable layer. Also it is of great importance to take into account their removal with the crop and the utilization rate of nutrients from the soil and fertilizers.
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Cheesman, A. W., B. L. Turner, and K. R. Reddy. "Forms of organic phosphorus in wetland soils." Biogeosciences 11, no. 23 (December 4, 2014): 6697–710. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-6697-2014.
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Abstract. Phosphorus (P) cycling in freshwater wetlands is dominated by biological mechanisms, yet there has been no comprehensive examination of the forms of biogenic P (i.e., forms derived from biological activity) in wetland soils. We used solution 31P NMR spectroscopy to identify and quantify P forms in surface soils of 28 palustrine wetlands spanning a range of climatic, hydrogeomorphic, and vegetation types. Total P concentrations ranged between 51 and 3516 μg P g-1, of which an average of 58% was extracted in a single-step NaOH–EDTA procedure. The extracts contained a broad range of P forms, including phosphomonoesters (averaging 24% of the total soil P), phosphodiesters (averaging 10% of total P), phosphonates (up to 4% of total P), and both pyrophosphate and long-chain polyphosphates (together averaging 6% of total P). Soil P composition was found to be dependant upon two key biogeochemical properties: organic matter content and pH. For example, stereoisomers of inositol hexakisphosphate were detected exclusively in acidic soils with high mineral content, while phosphonates were detected in soils from a broad range of vegetation and hydrogeomorphic types but only under acidic conditions. Conversely inorganic polyphosphates occurred in a broad range of wetland soils, and their abundance appears to reflect more broadly that of a "substantial" and presumably active microbial community with a significant relationship between total inorganic polyphosphates and microbial biomass P. We conclude that soil P composition varies markedly among freshwater wetlands but can be predicted by fundamental soil properties.
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Stamenov, Dragana, Mirjana Jarak, Simonida Djuric, Hajnal Jafari, and Dragana Bjelic. "Microbiological transformations of phosphorus and sulphur compounds in acid soils." Zbornik Matice srpske za prirodne nauke, no. 123 (2012): 27–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/zmspn1223027s.
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The dynamics of phosphorus and sulphur in soil is closely related to the dynamics of the biological cycle in which microorganisms play a central role. There is not much microbiological activity in acid soils because aerobes are scarce, rhizosphere is restricted to the shallow surface layer, and the biomass of microorganisms decreases with higher acidity. The aim of the research was to investigate the number of microorganisms, which decompose organic and inorganic phosphorus compounds and organic sulphur compounds in calcocambisol, luvisol, and pseudogley. The following parameters were determined in the soil samples: pH in H2O and in 1MKCl; the content of CaCO3 (%); humus content (%), nitrogen content (%); the content of physiologically active phosphorus and potassium (mg P2O5/100g of soil; mg K2O/100g of soil). The number of microorganisms was determined by the method of agar plates on appropriate nutrient media: the number of microorganisms solubilizing phosphates on a medium by Muramcov; the number of microorganisms that decompose organic phosphorus compounds on a medium with lecithin; and the number of microorganisms that transform organic sulphur compounds on a medium by Baar. All three types of soil are acid non-carbonate soils with a low level of available phosphorus and a more favorable amount of potassium, nitrogen, and humus. The largest number of bacteria, which transform organic phosphorus compounds, was found in calcocambisol. The largest number of phosphate solubilizing bacteria was recorded in pseudogley, whereas the largest number of phosphate solubilizing fungi was recorded in calcocambisol. The largest number of bacteria, which transform organic sulphur compounds, was recorded in pseudogley.
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Krzyżaniak, M., and J. Lemanowicz. "Enzymatic activity of the Kuyavia Mollic Gleysols (Poland) against their chemical properties ." Plant, Soil and Environment 59, No. 8 (July 31, 2013): 359–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/211/2013-pse.
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The research results have shown that the enzyme pH index (0.49–0.83) confirmed the neutral or alkaline nature of the soils. Neither the changes in the content of available phosphorus nor in the activity of dehydrogenases, catalase, alkaline and acid phosphatase in soil were due to the factors triggering soil salinity; they were a result of the naturally high content of carbon of organic compounds, which was statistically verified with the analysis of correlation between the parameters. There were recorded highly significant values of the coefficients of correlation between the content of available phosphorus in soil and the activity of alkaline (r = 0.96; P < 0.05) and acid phosphatase (r = 0.91; P < 0.05) as well as dehydrogenase (r = 0.90; P < 0.05). To sum up, one can state that Mollic Gleysols in Inowrocław are the soils undergoing seasonal salinity; however, a high content of ions responsible for salinity is balanced with a high content of organic carbon, humus, phosphorus and calcium directly affecting the fertility of the soils analyzed. The activity of the enzymes depended on the natural content of carbon of organic compounds and not on the factors affecting the soil salinity, which points to the potential of such tests for soil environment monitoring.
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Igbozuruike, Christopher Ifeanyi. "Phosphorus Forms and Fixing Potentials of Mbaitoli Soils in Imo State, Nigeria." International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science 06, no. 09 (2022): 680–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.47772/ijriss.2022.6933.
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The study was conducted in four different locations in Mbaitoli namely; Ifakala, Umunoha, Ogwa and Orodo in Imo State Nigeria to determine different forms and levels of phosphorus in the selected soils of the area. Fifteen composite samples were collected from the top soil (0-15cm) and sub soil (15-30cm). The fifteen composite soil samples were then bulked and a sample taken from each of the location giving a total of four representative samples. The representative soils were analyzed for physical and chemical properties. Total and Organic phosphorus were determined by standard laboratory procedure while inorganic phosphorus forms by fractionation. The macronutrients Nitrogen (N) and Potassium (K) were high low (0.220 % and 0.23mg/kg) and the pH is acidic (4.50). Available phosphorus ranged from 42.70 to 48.50 mg/kg with a mean of 46.25mg/kg while the organic phosphorus content ranged from 42.17 to 46.62mg/kg with a mean of 44.49mg/kg, total phosphorus content ranged from 102.7 to 113.71mg/kg with a mean of 108.48mg/kg. Total phosphorus and available phosphorus were very high in the soil of the study area and were in the following order; Fe-P>Al-P>Ca-P>occluded phosphorus.
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Marler, Thomas E., and Michael Calonje. "Two Cycad Species Affect the Carbon, Nitrogen, and Phosphorus Content of Soils." Horticulturae 6, no. 2 (April 10, 2020): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae6020024.
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The influences of Cycas micronesica and Zamia integrifolia plants on soil chemistry were determined in Tinian and Florida in order to more fully understand how cycad plants affect the environments in which they grow. The introduction of C. micronesica plants into a karst habitat generated decreases in soil phosphorus after five years and increases in soil nitrogen after six years. The carbon:nitrogen:phosphorus stoichiometry beneath the cycad plants significantly diverged from those of the adjacent native forests with Pisonia grandis, Psychotria mariana, Aglaia mariannensis, Cynometra ramiflora, and Ficus sp. cover after five years. Mineralization traits were determined beneath nine-year-old C. micronesica plants and revealed the plants greatly increased net nitrification and decreased net ammonification when compared to the native forest soils with Bursera simaruba, Pinus elliottii, and Quercus virginiana cover. These flux changes increased the total available nitrogen and percent available nitrogen in the soils beneath the cycad plants. The substrates of two soil series exhibited increased carbon and nitrogen concentrations beneath Z. integrifolia plants when compared with soils away from the cycad plants. No other mineral or metal was influenced by proximity to the Z. integrifolia plants. These gymnosperms exhibit distinct interactions with their subtending soils, and some of these traits improve ecosystems by increasing recalcitrant carbon and nitrogen and increasing spatial heterogeneity of soil chemistry.
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Dursun, Nesim, Sait Gezgin, and Mehmet Musa Özcan. "The Determine of Sugar Beet Nutrition Problems in Konya Plain’s Soils." Advanced Research in Life Sciences 1, no. 1 (July 26, 2017): 7–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/arls-2017-0002.
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Abstract This study was aimed to determine the deficiency or excessivity of nutrients for sugar beet crop in Konya plain. The results showed that the pH value was found as 7.65 and soils were classified as sodic; the organic matter was 1.59% and 92.9% of the soil samples was poor in terms of the organic matter. The mean lime content (CaCO3) was determined capacity was 26.07 and 97.1% of the soil samples was limy and the mean cation Exchange capacity was 26.07 me/100g, and it was varied between 10.72 me/100g and 44.7 me/100g. The mean available NH4+NO3 nitrogen content, phosphorus and potassium for crop were as 0.059%, 10.21 ppm and 1.39 me/100g, respectively. According to the these results, NH4+NO3 nitrogen and potassium amounts were sufficient while the phosphourus content was sufficient in 65.8% and insufficient in 34.2%. Cu and Mn content in soil samples were adequate. The sufficient amounts of Zn, B and Fe were 85.7%, 45.8% and 95.7% and their insufficient amounts were 14.53%, 54.2% and 4.3%, respectively. According to the result of leaf analyses, the content of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium and sodium were sufficient. The deficiencies of iron, zinc and bor were found in 4.3%, 14.3% and 38.6% of the total samples, respectively.
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Hossin, Md Shahin, Alok Kumar Paul, Md Fazlul Hoque, Morsheda Akter Mukta, and Md Delower Hossain. "Estimation of Fertility Status of Coastal Soils for Agricultural Planning in Bangladesh." Haya: The Saudi Journal of Life Sciences 7, no. 5 (May 15, 2022): 142–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.36348/sjls.2022.v07i05.001.
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A study was conducted to know the fertility status of coastal soils of Bangladesh for agricultural planning. Thirty composite soil samples were collected from different locations of Kalapara upazila under Patuakhali coastal district in Bangladesh with Geographic Positioning System (GPS) positions. The soil samples were analyzed for physical properties (moisture, texture, bulk density, particle density and porosity) and chemical properties (pH, electrical conductivity, total nitrogen, organic carbon, exchangeable sodium, exchangeable potassium, available sulphur and available phosphorus). The range of moisture contents of collected soils was 24 to 29% and the textural class was silty clay. The bulk density ranged from 1.30 to 1.47 gcm-3. The particle density ranged from 2.31 to 2.49 gcm-3. The porosity of soil samples ranging from 40.96 to 46.06%. The pH ranged from 5.85 to 6.45. The EC value of collected soils ranged from 3.10 to 5.12 dSm-1. The total nitrogen and organic carbon content was low to medium. The exchangeable sodium and potassium content of soils ranged from 9.22 to 18.47 meq 100g-1 and 0.16 to 0.27 meq 100g-1, respectively. The available sulphur and phosphorus content of soils ranged from 17.21 to 33.21 mg kg-1 and 17.12 to 33.09 mg kg-1, respectively. The results revealed that the soils of the study area were slightly to moderately saline and thus the nutrients present in the soils were low to medium level. Hence, salinity problem of soils should be considered before agricultural planning in the study area.
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Szymański, Wojciech, Bronisław Wojtuń, Mateusz Stolarczyk, Janusz Siwek, and Joanna Waścińska. "Organic carbon and nutrients (N, P) in surface soil horizons in a non-glaciated catchment, SW Spitsbergen." Polish Polar Research 37, no. 1 (March 1, 2016): 49–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/popore-2016-0006.
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AbstractOrganic carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus in the soils of the High Arctic play an important role in the context of global warming, biodiversity, and richness of tundra vegetation. The main aim of the present study was to determine the content and spatial distribution of soil organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen (Ntot), and total phosphorus (Ptot) in the surface horizons of Arctic soils obtained from the lower part of the Fuglebekken catchment in Spitsbergen as an example of a small non-glaciated catchment representing uplifted marine terraces of the Svalbard Archipelago. The obtained results indicate that surface soil horizons in the Fuglebekken catchment show considerable differences in content of SOC, Ntot, and Ptot. This mosaic is related to high variability of soil type, local hydrology, vegetation (type and quantity), and especially location of seabird nesting colony. The highest content of SOC, Ntot, and Ptotoccurs in soil surface horizons obtained from sites fertilized by seabird guano and located along streams flowing from the direction of the seabird colony. The content of SOC, Ntot, and Ptotis strongly negatively correlated with distance from seabird colony indicating a strong influence of the birds on the fertility of the studied soils and indirectly on the accumulation of soil organic matter. The lowest content of SOC, Ntot, and Ptotoccurs in soil surface horizons obtained from the lateral moraine of the Hansbreen glacier and from sites in the close vicinity of the lateral moraine. The content of Ntot, Ptot, and SOC in soil surface horizons are strongly and positively correlated with one another,i.e.the higher the content of nutrients, the higher the content of SOC. The spatial distribution of SOC, Ntot, and Ptotin soils of the Hornsund area in SW Spitsbergen reflects the combined effects of severe climate conditions and periglacial processes. Seabirds play a crucial role in nutrient enrichment in these weakly developed soils.
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BANDUROVICH, Y., A. V. FANDALІUK, and V. O. ROMANKO. "EKOLOGICAL FNDO-AGROCHEMICAL MONITORING OF SOILS OF MUKACHEVO DISTRICT TRANSCARPATHIA REGION." PROBLEMS OF AGROINDUSTRIAL COMPLEX OF KARPATY 29 (2021): 16–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.47279/2709-3727-2021-1-2.
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According to the results of the research, an agrochemical assessment of the soils of agricultural lands of Mukachevo district was carried out. It is proved that more than half of the area in Mukachevo district (63.4%) belongs to acid soils. It was found that the weighted average humus index is 2.48%, which corresponds to the average level. The weighted average indicators of the content of mobile compounds of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium are determined. According to the agrochemical condition of agricultural lands of Mukachevo district for the period from 2008 to 2018, it was found that the level of soil fertility has changed somewhat in the direction of improvement. This is especially true of the content of mobile compounds of phosphorus and potassium. Keywords: agrochemical survey of soils, acidity, humus content, mobile compounds of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium.
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Antilén, Mónica, Margarita Briceño, Gerardo Galindo, and Mauricio Escudey. "Effect of biosolids on the organic matter content and phosphorus chemical fractionation of heated volcanic Chilean soils." Soil Research 46, no. 5 (2008): 415. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sr07130.
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Biosolids produced in wastewater treatment plants with high organic matter (OM) content can be used to reclaim organic components in heated soils. The impact of biosolids amendment on soil pH, electric conductivity (EC), exchangeable cations, OM content, and phosphorus (P) chemical fractionation in 3 heated volcanic soils in southern Chile was investigated in a 4-month incubation study. In amended heated soils, pH, EC, OM content, and exchangeable cations were greater than in control soils. The control OM content was increased by biosolids, and the incubation time effect to reclaim the organic component was important in Andisols and Inceptisols. The pH decreased with incubation time, reflecting the buffer capacity of volcanic soils, and EC increased. In the heated incubated soils, inorganic P was in general higher than organic P. Phosphorus distribution showed little difference with incubation time, showing that after a short time (4 months) biosolids P was not significantly redistributed to organic P; however, more available P forms (Olsen P) were determined. It can be concluded that biosolids are a valid option for reclaiming the OM content lost in soils affected by forest fires. However, an important amount of inorganic P, strongly fixed in volcanic soils, with a relative contribution of available forms for plants, could potentially contribute to soil and water pollution.
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Sarkar, D., and G. A. O'Connor. "Plant and Soil Responses to Biosolids–Phosphorus in Two Florida Soils with High Phosphorus Content." Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis 35, no. 11-12 (December 31, 2004): 1569–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1081/css-120038555.
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Xi, Wang, Lu Shuchang, Pei Zhiqiang, Hou Kun, Ya Zongjie, Zhang Yu, Wang Dafeng, and Li Xiawen. "Effects of Soil Conditioners on Absorption of phosphorus by waxy corn and Phosphorus Transformation in High Phosphorus Soils." E3S Web of Conferences 143 (2020): 02024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202014302024.
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In this experiment, the effects of different types of conditioners and their application on the absorption and transformation of phosphorus in high phosphorus soils in facilities were investigated to improve the environmental problems of protected farmland caused by phosphorus accumulation. Waxy corn was used as a test crop, and five conditioners such as humic acid, biochar, bentonite, alum, and dephosphorized gypsum were used as test materials for potting experiments. The experiment set 10 treatments, namely T1(Blank control), T2(Humic acid), T3(Biochar), T4(Bentonite), T5(Alum), T6 (Dephosphorized gypsum), T7(Biochar-bentonite-alum), T8(Humic acid-biochar-alum),T9(Humic acidbiochar- bentonite-alum),T10(Humic acid-bentonite-biochar-alum-dephosphorized gypsum). Based on the analysis of the results of the three crops, except that the first crop was not significant, the biomass and phosphorus absorption of waxy corn of T2 was the highest in the second crop, and T10 was the most effective treatment in the third crop. The soil available phosphorus content of T8 was the lowest in the second crop and that of T10 was the lowest in the third crop, which were 12.01% and 12.75% lower than the control. The soil water-soluble phosphorus content of T4 was the lowest in the second crop, which was 41.84% lower than the control, and that of T8 was the lowest in the third crop, which was 26.62% lower than the control. According to the results of the three crops, the ratio of the total phosphorus content of the inorganic phosphorus in the third crop of each treatment was increasing compared with the first crop. The soil phosphorus was transformed from organic phosphorus to inorganic phosphorus. The ratio of total phosphorus content of organic phosphorus of T6, T9, T10 was larger than other treatments, which slowed down the conversion of phosphorus to available form. The ratio of Ca8-P in the inorganic phosphorus was the highest, reaching about 50% to 60%. From the results and analysis, T2 and T10 were beneficial to the absorption of soil phosphorus by waxy corn, T8 and T10 were beneficial to slow down the conversion of phosphorus to the effective state, reduce the potential risk of phosphorus environment, improve the phosphorus accumulation environmental issues in greenhouse farmland.
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Niemiec, Marcin, Maciej Chowaniak, Jakub Sikora, Anna Szeląg-Sikora, Zofia Gródek-Szostak, and Monika Komorowska. "Selected Properties of Soils for Long-Term Use in Organic Farming." Sustainability 12, no. 6 (March 23, 2020): 2509. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12062509.
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The goal of organic farming with respect to plant production is to create high-quality products while minimizing human impacts. The aim of this paper was to assess soil properties in selected organic farms in terms of the achievement of general and specific objectives of organic farming. Fifty five (55) organic farms were selected for the research; twenty five (25) of those farms additionally had conventional animal production with cattle breeding. Soil samples were collected from each farm and, the following parameters, deciding about the suitability for agriculture were determined: pH, content of organic carbon, available phosphorus and potassium, mineral nitrogen, and Total nitrogen content. The content of available phosphorus and mineral nitrogen was very low or low in most of the studied soils, which can lead to disturbance of homeostasis of agroecosystems. Potassium content in these soils was high. The properties of the studied soils indicate a high risk of chemical and biological degradation. Without implementing actions that control the pH and increase the content of nitrogen and phosphorus elements, the degradation will increase. Soil properties in the group of farms with animal production were more beneficial from the point of view of crop production, compared with farms that do not breed animals.
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Szara, Ewa, Tomasz Sosulski, and Magdalena Szymańska. "Impact of long-term liming on sandy soil phosphorus sorption properties." Soil Science Annual 70, no. 1 (March 1, 2019): 13–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ssa-2019-0002.
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Abstract The static fertilisation experiment conducted in Skierniewice (Central Poland) since 1923 investigates the effect of mineral fertilisation with lime (CaNPK) or without lime (NPK) on the accumulation and release of phosphorus in reference to phosphorus sorption properties in the sandy soil profile. In the case of application of same doses of mineral fertilisers, the content of total phosphorus was higher in NPK than CaNPK soil. Parameters related to sorption capacity and bonding energy from Langmuir and Freundlich model of P sorption were significantly lower in CaNPK than NPK soil profile. This was particularly caused by a lower content of poorly crystallised hydro(oxide) aluminium and iron forms in CaNPK than NPK soil. Higher content of oxide-extractable and bioavailable phosphorus extracted with double lactate solution, dissolved reactive phosphorus in water solution as well as degree of phosphorus saturation in the CaNPK soil profile suggests higher mobility and possibility of occurrence of losses of phosphorus from the profile of limed soil than from acidified soil. Therefore, management of phosphate fertilizers on permanently limed sandy soils requires the optimisation of phosphorus doses to a greater degree corresponding to the actual take-off of the element with crop. An additional finding of the study was evidence of the possibility of re-estimating contents of bioavailable phosphorus and, as a consequence, the degree of phosphorus saturation with Mehlich3 method in strongly acid soil receiving P mineral fertilisers, which can make it difficult to use the test for fertiliser recommendation.
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Klement, Rejšek. "The Quantitative Estimate of Bioavailable Inorganic Phosphorus Content in Forest Soils by the Modification of the Anion-Exchange Resin Method." Soil and Water Research 1, No. 4 (January 7, 2013): 117–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/6513-swr.
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The anion-exchange resin (AER) method for the estimation of bioavailable phosphorus was slightly optimised for soils with high contents of readily soluble organic compounds as well as for those having very dif­ferent clay and sand contents. The method based on a strong base anion exchanger, the active group of trimethyl benzyl ammonium, the field moist soil, and the enclosure of resin beds in a bag was very different soils under relatively uniform outer conditions where the determination of the absorbance of (blue) phosphate-molybdate complex at 870 nm is used. The motivation of the proposed method comes from distinctive features of forest soils where marked differences are commonly encountered between clay/silt/sand contents, pH-values, and the contents of organic substances. A modestly new methodology was applied for the evaluation of seasonal phosphorus dynamics in a forest environment. The recommended rapid assay for available phosphorus was statistically compared with other procedures. Considerable seasonal effects on the bioavailable P contents were demonstrated.
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Diomandé, L. B., G. R. Soro, S. Soro, and Et Yao Kouamé A. "CHEMICAL SOIL FERTILITY DIAGNOSIS FOR COTTON CROPPING IN NORTHERN COTE D'IVOIRE." International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 9, no. 8 (August 31, 2021): 27–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v9.i8.2021.4130.
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The work was conducted in the north of Cote d’Ivoire, central pivot cotton production savannah area, to make the diagnosis of soil fertility for cotton cropping. Cotton cropping, the mainstay of the savannah's economy, suffered from low productivity in relation to the soils chemical properties. Prior cultivation, soils samples were collected at a depth of 0 to 30 cm, collecting 32 simple samples to generate a complete sample. The samples were sent to the soil laboratory to measure the pH unities, CEC, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, sodium, iron, zinc, copper and manganese contents. In order to facilitate the interpretation of analysis results, the nutrients critical level recommended for optimum production of cotton were used. Results showed that soils had pH ranging from 4.4 to 6.4. On the other hand, the need to add nitrogen, magnesium and phosphorus to the soils and to augment the low carbon, calcium and potassium content. There is the need to search for fertilizer formulations with nitrogen, magnesium phosphorus and calcium for the Cote d'Ivoire cotton belt.