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1
Djordjevic, Aleksandar. "Mobile nickel content in calcareous black soils of Rajac." Journal of Agricultural Sciences, Belgrade 47, no. 1 (2002): 29–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/jas0201029d.
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A description of mobile Ni contents in various subtypes of calcareous black soils from the area of the mountain massif of Rajac, is given in the present paper. A hundred soil samples were analysed in all, originating from four subtypes of calcareous black soil (organogenic, organo-mineral, brownized and loessivized black soils). The extraction of mobile Ni was carried out with 1.0 N HCl and its content was determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The obtained results indicate that mobile Ni content in the investigated soils varies within a wide range, from 5.0 to 251.3 mg/kg that it is very seldom (only in 3% of the investigated samples) within the range from 5 to 7 mg/kg, that in over 90% of the 100 investigated samples it is higher than 10 mg/kg, and in almost 3/5 of the samples it is higher than 20 mg/kg. Calcareous black soils of Rajac massif have much higher mobile Ni content than previously investigated black soils from calcareous massif of Rtanj, which is, by all means, only partly due to their more severe dealkalization and acidification. In addition, here is undoubtedly apparent the influence of the geological substrate, i.e. of serpentine rocks that border the calcareous massif of Rajac.
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Bobkova, V. V., S. N. Konovalov, and E. K. Sashko. "Comparative evaluation of adaptation potential of black currant to uptake Ni in sod-podzolic soil." Plant Biology and Horticulture: theory, innovation, no. 150 (September 30, 2019): 44–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.36305/2019-1-150-44-49.
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The paper analyzes the adaptive abilities of black currant cultivars of plants for the assimilation of nickel from highly cultivated sod-podzolic soils containing 10.7-14.1 mg / kg of fluent nickel. Plantings were monitored at experimental plantings of ARHIBAN (Moscow region) on 9 black currant cultivars: Oryol Serenade, Belarusskaja sladkaja, Zagadka, Vologda, Triton, Biryulevskaya, Titania, Orlowsky waltz, Exotica. The agrochemical properties of the soil, the content of fluent nickel in the soil, and its content in the fruits of black currant plants were determined. Based on the analysis, the coefficients of nickel assimilation by black currant plants were calculated and statistical dependencies of its accumulation indicators on agrochemical properties of sod-podzolic soils at different depths of the root layer were determined. According to the results of research, regression dependences of the accumulation of nickel in black currant fruits on the indicators of the agrochemical properties of the soil and the content in the soil of fluent nickel were constructed. It was established that the nickel content in black currant fruits primarily depended on the acidity of the soil, on the content in the soil of fluent nickel, alkaline hydrolysable nitrogen and fluent potassium. Black currant cultivars Belarusskaja sladkaja, Vologda, Triton, Biryulevskaya, Titania were more resistant to soil pollution with nickel.
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Jaworska, Hanna, Agata Bartkowiak, and Szymon Różański. "The influence of anthropogenically increased pH on the content and the mobility of nickel in arable soils in the surroundings of “Małogoszcz” cement plant." Soil Science Annual 64, no. 1 (June 1, 2013): 14–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ssa-2013-0003.
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Abstract The aim of the conducted research was the evaluation of the influence of increased pH on the content and mobility of nickel in arable soils in the surroundings of Małogoszcz Cement Plant. The physico-chemical properties of the investigated soils were determined by the methods commonly used in soil laboratories. The total content of Ni was determined after mineralization in the mixture of HF and HClO4 acids, and the content of forms available for plants, after the extraction with DTPA solution, using ASA method. The investigated soils are characterized as loamy sands or sands (PTG 2008). These soils have the content of C-organic in the range of 10.3.24.2 g·kg-1 in the surface horizons and 8.3.20.3 g·kg-1 in the subsurface horizons. The pH values allow to classify these soils as alkaline. In all of the investigated soils calcium carbonate occurs. The values of total content of nickel were in the range of 1.47.2.82 mg·kg-1 in surface horizons and 1.80.2.45 mg·kg-1 in subsurface horizons, which allows to classify these soils as soil with natural nickel content. The content of Ni-DTPA were in the range of 0.06.0.26 mg·kg.1. The sequential analysis of the obtained results indicates on significant statistically positive correlation between the total content of Ni and C-organic, which has the value of 0.648143 and between the content of Ni-DTPA and the content of fraction with Ø<0.002 mm, with the value of 0.581113 on p=0.05.
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Lopushnyak, V., H. Hrytsulyak, O. Tonkha, O. Menshov, O. Pikovsʹka, and S. Sychevsʹkyy. "CONTENT OF HEAVY METALS IN SOILS OF OIL-POLLUTED AREAS OF PRE-CARPATHIAN." Visnyk of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. Geology, no. 2 (93) (2021): 83–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/1728-2713.93.09.
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The article highlights the results of research on the content of heavy metals in sod-podzolic soils of oil-contaminated areas of Ivano-Frankivsk region. Contamination of soils with petroleum products causes severe ecological consequences for ecosystems. The aim of the research was to study the peculiarities of the accumulation of heavy metals in the soil, underground part and vegetative mass of sylphia perforated in the conditions of cultivation in oil-contaminated areas. The content of mobile forms of heavy metals in soils did not exceed the norms in all variants of the experiment. During the cultivation of Sylphia perfoliatum, it grew in a number: cadmium → nickel → cobalt → lead. The concentration of heavy metals in the soil was determined, which reflects the change in the content of the element in the test soil relative to the content of metals in the background soil. The coefficients of concentration of mobile forms of heavy metals in oil-contaminated soil for the cultivation of perforated sylphia for the application of fertilizers based on sewage sludge and compost based on them increased in a number: cobalt → lead → nickel → cadmium. Peculiarities of heavy metals accumulation in the vegetative mass of perforated sylphia have been established. Indices of intra-tissue heavy metal contamination of the root system of sylphia perforated with the introduction of sewage sludge increase in the following series: cadmium → nickel → lead → cobalt. The maximum indices of contamination of sylphia roots permeated with cadmium, nickel and cobalt are observed for the introduction into the soil of ERUs at a rate of 40 t / ha and N10P14K58, lead – for the application of compost at a rate of 30 t/ha and N30K55. The lowest indices of intratissue contamination with heavy metals of the roots of sylphia perfoliatum were noted for the application of fertilizer N60P60K60.
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Latushkina, Elena, and Anna Oleynik. "Distribution of heavy metals in anthropogenic soils: on the example of the industrial zone of Moscow." E3S Web of Conferences 169 (2020): 01023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202016901023.
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The article presents the results of the assessment of the distribution of heavy metals content in anthropogenic transformed soils of the industrial zone of Moscow. Excesses of norms are shown, geochemical associations are obtained. The work proved to exceed the maximum permissible concentrations of cadmium, lead, copper, nickel, zinc, arsenic for eleven test sites per 13.95 hectares of industrial zone in 57% of the obtained empirical data on the content of pollutants in the soil. In the investigated area, the contents of lead, copper, nickel and zinc are not uniformly distributed and are within wide range. No excess of the norm was recorded for mercury. The isolation of two geochemical associations of manmade genesis is justified. One association includes cadmium lead, copper, and zinc with the system-forming element copper. The other consists of nickel and mercury.
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Ponizovsky, A. A., S. Thakali, H. E. Allen, D. M. Di Toro, A. J. Ackerman, and D. M. Metzler. "Nickel partitioning in acid soils at low moisture content." Geoderma 145, no. 1-2 (May 2008): 69–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2008.02.007.
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Sturman, V. I., and A. N. Loginovskaya. "BACKGROUND CONCENTRATION OF HEAVY METALS (LEAD, CADMIUM, ZINC, COPPER, NICKEL, ARSENIC, MERCURY) IN SURFACE SOILS OF UDMURTIA CONTROLLED AT ENGINEERING-ECOLOGICAL RESEARCHES." Bulletin of Udmurt University. Series Biology. Earth Sciences 30, no. 3 (October 29, 2020): 285–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.35634/2412-9518-2020-30-3-285-294.
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Materials of engineering-ecological researches on various economic objects in Udmurtia are processed and systematized. Average (background) concentration of the heavy metals which are subject to obligatory control at engineering-ecological researches (lead, cadmium, zinc, copper, nickel, arsenic, mercury) for the main associations of soils and most wide-distributed kinds of soils are defined. It is revealed that with decreasing the soil’s podzol content and increasing the soil’s clay content, concentrations of heavy metals naturally raise. In general, similar soils are characterized by similar concentrations of heavy metals and similar ratios of concentration. It is established that excesses of hygienic standards on such elements as nickel, arsenic and to a lesser extent zinc, copper and cadmium, are not only something exclusive in Udmurtia, but also spreading more and more widely, especially in soils of light structure. The received average concentration can be accepted as background one at the subsequent engineering-ecological researches in the region.
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Kolesnikov, S. I., D. I. Moshchenko, A. A. Kuzina, T. A. Ter-Misakyants, E. N. Nevedomyaya, N. A. Vernigorova, and K. Sh Kazeev. "Comparative Evaluation of the Stability of the Brown Forest Soils of Crimea and the Caucasus to Pollution with Heavy Metals." Ecology and Industry of Russia 25, no. 1 (January 13, 2021): 65–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.18412/1816-0395-2021-1-65-71.
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This article assesses the resistance of brown forest soils of the Republic of Crimea, the Western and Central Caucasus to pollution by lead, chromium, nickel, and copper, and develops regional maximum permissible concentrations of these heavy metals. Soil contamination was modeled under laboratory conditions. Heavy metals were added in the form of oxides. Soil stability assessment was carried out by biological indicators. The brown forest soil of the Republic of Crimea proved to be the most resistant to pollution. The higher stability of the brown forest soils of the Western Caucasus relative to similar soils of the Central Caucasus, apparently, is determined by the higher content of organic matter in them, despite their lower acidity. Heavy metals formed the following series in terms of ecotoxicity for brown forest soils: Cr> Cu ≥ Ni ≥ Pb. The values of regional maximum permissible concentrations of lead, chromium, nickel and copper in the brown forest soils of the Crimea, Central and Western Caucasus are proposed.
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Kuziemska, Beata, Wiesław Wieremiej, and Dawid Jaremko. "ZINC AND COPPER FRACTIONS IN SOILS CONTAMINATED WITH NICKEL." Polish Journal of Soil Science 48, no. 1 (February 9, 2016): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.17951/pjss.2015.48.1.21.
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<p>Soil subject to a three-year pot experiment was analyzed, in which the following factors were considered: (i) soil contamination with nickel (0, 75, 150 and 225 mg Ni kg-1 of soil); (ii) liming (0 Ca and Ca in a dose calculated according to 1 Hh of soil); (iii) organic fertilization (with no organic fertilization, rye straw and brown coal from the Turów coalmine). The test plant was orchardgrass, which was harvested in the amount of four cuts each year of the experiment. The copper and zinc fractions were assessed using the BCR method, whereas the pH was calculated using the potentiometer method. The total content of copper and zinc in the analyzed soil did not exceed the values of the geochemical background of the soils of Poland. No impact of the varied content of nickel in the soil on the total content and distribution of Cu and Zn was found in the investigated fractions. Liming caused an increase in the total content of zinc in the analyzed soil and a decrease in the content of Cu and Zn in the F1 fraction. The straw and brown coal caused an increase in the content of both metals in the soil in the F3 fraction.</p><p> </p><p> </p><p>Analizowano glebę po trzyletnim doświadczeniu wazonowym, w którym uwzględniono następujące czynniki: 1. zanieczyszczenie gleby niklem (0,75, 150 i 225 mg Ni kg-1 gleby); 2. wapnowanie (0 Ca i Ca w dawce wyliczonej wg 1 Hh gleby); 3. nawożenie organiczne (bez nawożenia organicznego, słoma żytnia i węgiel brunatny pochodzący z kopalni w Turowie). Rośliną testowa była kupkówka pospolita, której w każdym roku eksperymentu zebrano po cztery pokosy. Frakcje miedzi i cynku oznaczono metodą BCR, a pH metodą potencjometryczną. Ogólna zawartość miedzi i cynku w analizowanej glebie nie przekraczała wartości tła geochemicznego gleb Polski. Nie wykazano wpływu zróżnicowanej ilości niklu w glebie na zawartość ogólną i rozmieszczenie Cu i Zn w wydzielonych frakcjach. Wapnowanie spowodowało zwiększenie ilości ogólnej cynku w analizowanej glebie oraz zmniejszenie udziału Cu i Zn we frakcji F1. Słoma i węgiel brunatny spowodowały zwiększenie w glebie ilości obu metali oraz ich udziału we frakcji F3.</p>
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Moghtaderi, Tahereh, Ata Shakeri, and Andrés Rodríguez-Seijo. "Potentially Toxic Element Content in Arid Agricultural Soils in South Iran." Agronomy 10, no. 4 (April 14, 2020): 564. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10040564.
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Potentially toxic elements (PTE) are considered to be dangerous threats, both for human health and the environment. Here, the contamination level, sources, and ecological risks posed by PTE were investigated in 19 topsoils from agricultural lands in the Bandar Abbas County on the southern coast of Iran. The soil fraction <63 μm was used for the analysis of the pseudototal contents of PTE (arsenic, cadmium, cobalt, chromium, copper, lead, manganese, molybdenum, nickel, vanadium, and zinc). The results were analyzed using principal component analysis (PCA) and Pearson’s correlations, different pollution indices [enrichment factor (EF), contamination factor (Cf), and modified degree of contamination (mCd), and the potential ecological risk index (PERI). The results of the pollution indices showed that the contamination levels of the studied agricultural soils are low to moderate, while the average PERI values indicate that the ecological risks of PTE range from low to high in the soils of the studied area. Correlations and PCA analyses suggest that studied elements have three possible origins: geogenic (chromium, cobalt, copper, manganese, vanadium, and zinc), anthropogenic (cadmium, nickel, phosphorus and lead) and atmospheric (arsenic) sources. These findings are helpful for the long-term assessment of PTE in the Bandar Abbas County.
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Obratov-Petkovic, Dragica, Ivana Bjedov, and Snezana Belanovic. "The content of heavy metals in the leaves of Hypericum perforatum L. on serpentinite soils in Serbia." Bulletin of the Faculty of Forestry, no. 98 (2008): 143–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/gsf0898143o.
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St John's wort is one of the best known and used medicinal plants. The demands for St John's wort in Serbia is still supplied by the collection of native plants. Therefore it was necessary to examine the concentration of heavy metals in the soil and in plant material on serpentinites and to assess the potential safe harvesting and further utilisation of this plant species. The research was performed on three serpentinite sites in Serbia: Zlatibor, Divcibare and Goc. The main soil types were determined and the contents of 7 chemical elements were analyzed in the soil and in the plant material. It was determined that the soils of all three localities had increased concentrations of nickel, chromium and manganese. The St John's wort plant material (leaves) showed the increased concentrations of iron, nickel and chromium. It was concluded that St John's wort was a tolerant species regarding the heavy metal content, and it was recommended to avoid its harvesting on the investigated localities.
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Różański, Szymon. "Fractionation of Selected Heavy Metals in Agricultural Soils / Frakcjonowanie Wybranych Metali Ciężkich W Glebach Uprawnych." Ecological Chemistry and Engineering S 20, no. 1 (March 1, 2013): 117–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/eces-2013-0009.
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Abstract The content of trace elements in soils varies widely and their mobility and availability depends not only on the total content but also on the form of in which these elements occur. The aim of this study was to determine the total content of nickel, lead, zinc and copper in soils used for agriculture, and assess the mobility and phytoavailability of these metals against a background of physical and chemical properties of these soils. In samples taken from three soil profiles (Phaeozem and 2 Fluvisols) the contents of Ni, Pb, Zn and Cu were determined using atomic absorption spectroscopy in the solutions obtained according to the protocol of modified BCR sequential extraction procedure supplemented with aqua regia digestion. The total content of the analyzed metals in most cases corresponded to the natural values, often not exceeding the geochemical background level. It was only in the one profile of the Fluvisols (Endogleyic Fluvisol) that a higher concentration of zinc and lead was noticed (especially in the surface horizon), slightly exceeding the legal limit. Among the studied metals the lowest phytoavailability was characterized by copper (exchangeable forms on average 4.73% of the total), and the highest by zinc (11.49%). Nickel was the most permanently bound with soil solid phase, and its content in the residual fraction reached 84.46% of the total. Approximately a half of the total lead content was determined as a fraction bound with iron and manganese oxides, while in the case of this metal a significant role in binding of this metal was playing organic matter (fraction bound with organic matter and sulphides - an average of 27.5%). Significant role in the binding of all investigated metals was credited to iron and manganese compounds.
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Mellis, Estêvão Vicari, José Carlos Casagrande, and Marcio Roberto Soares. "Nickel adsorption and desorption in an acric oxisol as a function of pH, ionic strength and incubation time." Ciência e Agrotecnologia 41, no. 1 (February 2017): 32–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1413-70542017411020116.
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ABSTRACT Although nickel (Ni) has both important potential benefits and toxic effects in the environment, its behavior in tropical soils has not been well studied. Nickel adsorption-desorption in topsoil and subsoil samples of an acric Oxisol was studied at three pH values (from 3.0 to 8.0). Adsorption-desorption isotherms were elaborated from experiments with increasing Ni concentration (5 to 100 mg L-1), during 0, 4, and 12 weeks, using CaCl2 0.01 and 0.1 M as electrolytic support in order to also verify the effect of Ni-soil time contact and of ionic strength on the reaction. Experimental results of Ni adsorption fitted Langmuir model, which indicated that maximum Ni adsorption (71,440 mg kg-1) occurred at subsoil, after 12 weeks. Nickel affinity (KL) was also greater at subsoil (1.0 L kg-1). The Ni adsorption in the topsoil samples was higher, due to its lower point of zero salt effect (PZSE) and higher organic matter content. The increase in soil pH resulted in the increase of Ni adsorption. Nickel desorbed less from soil samples incubated for 4 or 12 weeks, suggesting that Ni interactions with colloidal particles increase over time. The amount of Ni desorbed increased with increasing ionic strength in both the topsoil and subsoil soil samples. Finally, adsorption-desorption hysteresis was clearly observed. Soil pH, ionic strength of soil solution and the Ni-soil contact time should be considered as criteria for selecting the areas for disposal of residues containing Ni or to compose remediation strategies for acric soils contaminated with Ni.
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Rodak, Bruna Wurr, Milton Ferreira de Moraes, João Augusto Lopes Pascoalino, Adilson de Oliveira Junior, Cesar de Castro, and Volnei Pauletti. "Methods to Quantify Nickel in Soils and Plant Tissues." Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo 39, no. 3 (June 2015): 788–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/01000683rbcs20140542.
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In comparison with other micronutrients, the levels of nickel (Ni) available in soils and plant tissues are very low, making quantification very difficult. The objective of this paper is to present optimized determination methods of Ni availability in soils by extractants and total content in plant tissues for routine commercial laboratory analyses. Samples of natural and agricultural soils were processed and analyzed by Mehlich-1 extraction and by DTPA. To quantify Ni in the plant tissues, samples were digested with nitric acid in a closed system in a microwave oven. The measurement was performed by inductively coupled plasma/optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). There was a positive and significant correlation between the levels of available Ni in the soils subjected to Mehlich-1 and DTPA extraction, while for plant tissue samples the Ni levels recovered were high and similar to the reference materials. The availability of Ni in some of the natural soil and plant tissue samples were lower than the limits of quantification. Concentrations of this micronutrient were higher in the soil samples in which Ni had been applied. Nickel concentration differed in the plant parts analyzed, with highest levels in the grains of soybean. The grain, in comparison with the shoot and leaf concentrations, were better correlated with the soil available levels for both extractants. The methods described in this article were efficient in quantifying Ni and can be used for routine laboratory analysis of soils and plant tissues.
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Pawar*, Bharati S., and Ratnadeep R. Deshmukh. "Predicting Lead and Nickel Contamination in Soil using Spectroradiometer." International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering 10, no. 1 (May 30, 2021): 121–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.35940/ijrte.a5758.0510121.
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In the geosciences, visible–near–short-wave infrared reflectance spectroscopy seems to have the capability to become a helpful technique for soil classification, mapping, and remote confirmation of soil characteristics and mineral composition. Focus on improving the spatial resolution of soil maps in order to better deal with localized problems like soil pollution. A variety of physio-chemical properties were measured in long-term spiked soils with a range of lead and nickel concentrations and also their spectral reflectance between 400 and 2500 nm at three different locations in the agricultural region of MIDC, Aurangabad, Maharashtra, India. Principle component analysis (PCA) used for feature extraction of soil were partial least squares regression (PLSR) method is used for classification. To measured amount of lead and nickel in soil sample, thirteen features of soil samples are calculated. The main aim of this study was to use statistical methods to calculate the lead and nickel concentrations in soil, as well as to assess the efficiency of VNIR-SWIR reflectance spectroscopy for heavy metal estimation in soil using the ASD FieldSpec4 Spectroradiometer. R2 = 0.96 provides the best precision for lead content and R2 = 0.95 for nickel content in soil, according to the findings. Lead and nickel have RMSEs of 3.396 and 2.680, respectively. The outcomes show that the proposed method is capable of accurately forecasting lead and nickel concentrations.
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Dozet, Dusana, Ljiljana Nesic, Milivoj Belic, Darinka Bogdanovic, Jordana Ninkov, Tijana Zeremski, Dusan Dozet, and Borislav Banjac. "Origin and content of nickel in alluvial-diluvial soils of Srem, Serbia." Ratarstvo i povrtarstvo 48, no. 2 (2011): 369–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/ratpov1102369d.
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Silva, Hugo Félix, Nelson Frade Silva, Cristina Maria Oliveira, and Manuel José Matos. "Heavy Metals Contamination of Urban Soils—A Decade Study in the City of Lisbon, Portugal." Soil Systems 5, no. 2 (April 13, 2021): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/soilsystems5020027.
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There is an intense and continuous growth of the world population living in cities. This increase in population means an increase in car traffic, an increase in new constructions and an increase in the production of waste that translates into an intensive use of land, particularly in terms of soil contaminants. Among other environmental contaminants, toxic metals, such as lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), nickel (Ni) and chromium (Cr) represent a public health problem. In this study the content of toxic metals in Lisbon’s (Portugal) soils was determined. The study was conducted over approximately a decade in six city locations, with a total of about 700 samples. Each site has different urban characteristics: traffic zone, residential area, urban park and mixed areas. The study allowed to verify the heterogeneity of metal content values in the city soils and their dependence on local traffic. Metal contents were determined by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectroscopy (GFAAS). For each site the geo-accumulation index, pollution factor, degree of contamination, pollution load index and ecological risk factor were calculated. The mean concentrations of Cd, Cr, Ni and Pb in soils were 0.463, 44.0, 46.6 and 5.73 mg/kg of dry soil, respectively. In the last year of the study the values were 0.417, 51.5, 62.4 and 8.49 mg/kg of dry soil, respectively. Cd and Ni exceeded the typical content values of these metals in the earth’s crust, indicating their anthropogenic origin. The correlation analysis revealed a significant correlation between Cr and Ni, Cd and Ni and Cd and Pb contents in the city soils. Regarding the results obtained in this long monitoring campaign, Lisbon’s soils can be considered as having low levels of pollution by these metals.
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Kazantsev, Ivan Victorovich, and Tatyana Borisovna Matveeva. "Contents of heavy metals in the soil cover in the conditions of technogenesis." Samara Journal of Science 5, no. 1 (March 1, 2016): 34–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/snv20161107.
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The paper examines pollution of soils with heavy metals under technogenic impact. The ways and means of pollutants receipt in soils and their accumulation in soils located in the drainage of railway are described. The role of roadside forest belts on the distribution of pollutants is examined. Determination of heavy metals content in soils was carried out by the x-ray fluorescence method. The results of heavy metal soil pollution in comparison with Clarke value, maximum permissible concentration and regional background levels are represented. The study of heavy metals content was carried out in the soils of right-of-way on the Samara-Syzran section of the Kuibyshev railway, as well as in suburban forests and urban parks of Samara (Botanical garden, Country Park). These areas are exposed to significant anthropogenic impact. Studies have shown that in these areas an increased content of some heavy metals in soils is observed. The main elements present in anthropogenic flows of pollution are copper, nickel, chromium, zinc and lead. This result does not contradict the standard environmental situation. These materials can serve as a basis for further monitoring of suburban forests of Samara green zone and transport facilities
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Tóth, T., J. Tomáš, P. Lazor, D. Bajčan, and K. Jomová. "The Transfer of Heavy Metals from Contaminated Soils into Agricultural Plants in High Tatras Region." Czech Journal of Food Sciences 27, Special Issue 1 (June 24, 2009): S390—S393. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/600-cjfs.
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The problems of soil hygiene and contents of the following heavy metals: cadmium, cobalt and nickel in the productive parts of plants in the location of Agricultural Cooperative Štrba in Poprad County were discussed in the presented work. Above-mentioned location is found in the neighbourhood with a chemical factory Chemosvit Svit. The achieved results show that the soil hygiene in this region is mainly affected by the activity of this chemical factory. This factory is producing many risky substances and their results can be seen in the condition of soil hygiene and in the quality of farmed plants. The results of monitored heavy metals (Cd, Co, Ni) prove that the content of cadmium and nickel is the main polluting factor of soil in this region. The increased contents of these elements in soil produce a high risk of the uptake to plants. This further affects the technological quality along with the quality of hygiene of farmed products and finally the food itself as well. A higher attention needs to be paid to cobalt too, because it proved quite high cumulation ability in soil.
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Sheshnev, Aleksandr S., Vitaliy N. Eremin, Mikhail V. Reshetnikov, and Oksana V. Teslinova. "The Content of Mobile Forms of Heavy Metals in Soils in the Territory of the Recreation Zone «Victory Park» (Saratov)." Izvestiya of Saratov University. New Series. Series: Earth Sciences 20, no. 4 (2020): 256–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.18500/1819-7663-2020-20-4-256-261.
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The soil cover in the territory of the large recreational zone «Victory Park», which performs environmental, memorial and educational functions, was studied. According to the analysis results of mobile forms of heavy metals concentrations the assessment of the current sanitaryhygienic and ecologic-geochemical condition of soils was carried out. An excess of the maximum permissible concentrations in most of the samples for nickel, lead, and copper was found.
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Lago-Vila, M., D. Arenas-Lago, A. Rodríguez-Seijo, M. L. Andrade Couce, and F. A. Vega. "Cobalt, chromium and nickel contents in soils and plants from a serpentinite quarry." Solid Earth 6, no. 1 (March 5, 2015): 323–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/se-6-323-2015.
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Abstract. The former serpentinite quarry of Penas Albas (Moeche, Galicia, NW Spain) left behind a large amount of waste material scattered over the surrounding area, as well as tailing areas. In this area several soils were studied together with the vegetation growing spontaneously over them with the aim of identifying the bioavailability of heavy metals. The potential of spontaneous vegetation for phytoremediation and/or phytostabilization was evaluated. The pH of the soils ranges from neutral to basic, with very low organic matter and nitrogen contents. There are imbalances between exchangeable cations like potassium (K) and calcium (Ca), mainly due to high magnesium (Mg) content that can strongly limit plant production. Moreover, in all of the studied soils there are high levels of cobalt (Co), chromium (Cr) and nickel (Ni) (>70, >1300 and >1300 mg kg−1, respectively). They exceed the intervention limits indicated by soil guideline values. Different soil extractions were performed in order to evaluate bioavailability. CaCl2 0.01 M is the most effective extraction reagent, although the reagent that best predicts plant availability is a mixture of low molecular weight organic acids. Festuca rubra, L. is the spontaneous plant growing in the soils that accumulates the highest amount of the metals, both in shoot and roots. Festuca also has the highest translocation factor values, although they are only >1 for Cr. The bioconcentration factor is >1 in all of the cases, except in the shoot of Juncus sp. for Co and Ni. The results indicate that Festuca is a phytostabilizer of Co and Ni and an accumulator of Cr, while Juncus sp. is suitable for phytostabilization.
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Wasserman, J. L., L. Mineo, S. K. Majumdar, and C. Van Tyne. "Detection of heavy metals in oak mycorrhizae of northeastern Pennsylvania forests, using x-ray microanalysis." Canadian Journal of Botany 65, no. 12 (December 1, 1987): 2622–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b87-353.
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A survey of red and white oak mycorrhizae, using semi-quantitative x-ray microanalysis, has shown a significant difference in heavy-metal deposition between the forest-grown oaks on acidic (mor) and neutral (mull) soils. There are significantly higher levels of nickel, iron, aluminum, and copper within oak roots of Pocono (mor) forests than of Lehigh Valley (mull) forests. The Pocono oak roots were taken from acidic soils derived from sandstone, shales, and conglomerate parent rock materials, while Lehigh Valley oak roots were removed from neutral soils derived from carbonate-rich limestone and dolomite. Chemical analysis of these soils demonstrated higher plant-available heavy-metal content in the acidic soils. Digital line profiles indicated that heavy metals, especially nickel and iron, were concentrated in the peripheral mycorrhizal mantle region of cross-sectioned roots. Since nickel and other heavy metals are known to be toxic to fungi and plant tissues, the high concentrations of metals may be responsible for the decreased frequencies of advantageous ectomycorrhizal associations in oaks growing under certain acid-stressed conditions.
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Yalçın, Mehmet, and Kerim Mesut Çimrin. "Determination of Molybdenum Contents and Relation of Some Heavy Metals in the Soil of Meadow-Pasture Terraces Between Kırıkhan-Reyhanlı." Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology 7, no. 1 (January 12, 2019): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v7i1.13-21.1997.
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This study was aimed to determine the molybdenum content of meadow - pasture soil between Kırıkhan and Reyhanlı in Hatay province and to determine the relations of the molybdenum content with some heavy metals in the soil. For this purpose, two different depths (0-20 and 20-40 cm) representing grassland pasture lands and 80 soil samples from 40 different points were taken. Cadmium (Cd), Cobalt (Co), Nickel (Ni), Lead (Pb), Copper (Cu), Iron (Fe), and Molybdenum (Mo) contents were determined in the soil samples. The contents of the available Cd, Co, Pb, Cu, Fe, Ni and Mo of the soil were determined by reading the 0.005 M DTPA + 0.01 M CaCl2 + 0.1 M TEA extracts in the ICP instrument. The results of the research shows that the Cd contents of the soils are between 0.01-0.32 ppm; Co contents are from 0.01 to 4.97 ppm; Ni contents 0.00 to 20.00 ppm; Pb contents 3.00-67.00 ppm; Cu contents 0.26-7.48 ppm; The Fe contents are between 4.00 and 61.00 and the Mo contents are between 0.001 and 0.064 ppm. It was determined that there are significant positive relationships between Co, Ni, Pb, Cu and Fe contents of Mo in the soil. It was also determined that there are significant positive significant relationships between Cd and Co; Co with Ni, Pb, Fe and Pb and Cu, Fe and Cu and Fe. No heavy metal pollution was found when the heavy metal contents of the regional soils were compared with the limit values.
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Zarkovic, Branka, and Srdjan Blagojevic. "The effects of some agrotechnical measures on the uptake of nickel by maize plants." Journal of the Serbian Chemical Society 74, no. 8-9 (2009): 1009–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/jsc0909009z.
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Nickel is a non-essential element in the nutrition of the majority of plant species and can be toxic to plants when its concentration in soils is high. Several soil properties have an effect on the uptake of this heavy metal by plants. The purpose of this investigation was to determine the effect of fertilization, soil acidification and liming on the uptake of Ni by maize plants grown on some alluvial soils. A pot experiment with maize plants grown on soils having various properties and elevated content of Ni was set up. The experiment lasted six weeks. The roots and shoots were analyzed for the concentration of Ni. From the results of the experiment, it can be concluded that the roots had higher concentrations of Ni than the shoots. The addition of mineral fertilizers (without application of other measures) mainly decreased the concentration and uptake of Ni by the roots and the transport of Ni to the shoots. Soil acidification (to pH 4.5) caused an increase in the Ni concentration in the plants and in its removal from the soil. Liming of acid soils had a positive effect on the uptake of Ni by young maize plants. The obtained results are important from the standpoint of reducing the pollution of plants by potentially toxic heavy metals.
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SOON, Y. K., and S. ABBOUD. "TRACE ELEMENTS IN AGRICULTURAL SOILS OF NORTHWESTERN ALBERTA." Canadian Journal of Soil Science 70, no. 3 (August 1, 1990): 277–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjss90-029.
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Fifty-two surface soils and 11 subsoils collected from agricultural soils of the Peace River region of northwestern Alberta were analyzed for total and extractable contents of Cd, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn. The purpose of this survey was to build up a data base on trace element contents of agricultural and environmental concerns for soils of this region. Extractable amounts were determined by DTPA-ammonium bicarbonate, 0.05 M EDTA, 0.1 M HCl and saturation extractions. Total Cd, Cr, Cu, Mn and Pb concentrations were similar to average values for "world" soils; Ni was less than and Zn greater than "world" average. Total Cr was higher and total Pb lower than average values reported for Canadian soils. Total Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn were similar in surface and subsurface soils. Extractable Cd, Mn, Ni and Zn tended to be greater in surface soils compared to subsoils; Cu and Pb were higher in the clay-enriched subsoils. Among the surface soils, soils with higher amounts of organic matter contained greater amounts of total and extractable metals with few exceptions. Clay content was also closely correlated with the distribution and content of Cu, Pb and Cr. Few, if any, of the soils would be expected to be deficient in Cu, Mn or Zn for the production of crops. Key words: Cadmium, copper, chromium, manganese, nickel, lead, zinc
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NJOKU, Kelechi L., Omolola E. OJO, and Anuoluwapo O. JOLAOSO. "Growth and ability of Senna alata in phytoremediation of soil contaminated with heavy metals." Notulae Scientia Biologicae 12, no. 2 (June 29, 2020): 420–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.15835/nsb12210523.
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The performance and impact of Senna alata on experimental heavy metal contaminated soil were investigated in this study. Soils in different pots were contaminated with different levels of lead, nickel, chromium and cadmium based on WHO limits for heavy metals. Seeds of S. alata were planted in the contaminated soils. The plant growth was studied for 60 days. Some soil parameters and heavy metal contents of the soil were evaluated at the beginning and at the end of the study. The leaf area, the plant height and the number of actively growing stems decreased with increase in the amount of each metal added to the soil. At 60 days, there was significant reduction (p<0.05) of the heavy metals due to the growth of S. alata compared to the soil without the plant. There was reduction in the total organic matter content and the pH of the soil, but the moisture content of the contaminated soils generally increased due to the growth of S. alata. There was a positive correlation (p = 0.918) between the percentage remediation and the bioaccumulation factor, suggesting that the remediation of the heavy metals by the plant mostly occurred through bioaccumulation. A positive correlation between the percentage reduction of the heavy metals and the reduction of pH of the soil noticed suggests that growth of S. alata leads to decrease in soil pH and will enhance the remediation of soil contaminated with the heavy metals. The findings of this study show that apart from the medicinal values of S. alata, it can be useful in remediation of heavy metal polluted soils which occurs mostly through phytoextraction.
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Abakumov, Evgeny V., T. A. Pavlova, N. V. Dinkelaker, and A. E. Lemyakina. "SANITARY EVALUATION OF SOIL COVER OF THE SAINT PETERSBURG STATE UNIVERSITY CAMPUS." Hygiene and sanitation 98, no. 1 (March 27, 2019): 22–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.18821/0016-9900-2019-98-1-22-27.
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The aim of the study. To assess the contamination of the soil cover of the St. Petersburg State University campus. To accomplish the goal, tasks are set concerning the determination of the content of heavy metals in selected soil samples and their comparison with the available regulatory documents, estimates of the basal respiration of the soil and humus content. Materials and methods. In 2016-2017 there were executed investigations on the study of the state of soils on the campus of the St. Petersburg State University. Studies were carried out in the Vasileostrovsky and Petrodvorets districts of the city of St. Petersburg. 39 soil samples were taken from a depth of 0-30 cm. The content values of heavy metals (Pb, As, Zn, Cu, Ni, Co, Cr, V) and arsenic (As) were determined and compared with the available Maximum Allowable Concentrations (MAC) adopted in Russia. The biological activity of soil samples and the humus content were also investigated. Results. Analysis of heavy metals in soils and their comparison with available MPCs are given for soil samples from two campus areas of the St. Petersburg State University. Discussion. The investigation of soil samples of two different territories made it possible to identify the features of soil contamination with heavy metals and arsenic and to compare these areas with each other. The predominant majority of samples are characterized by exceeding the MAC limit for arsenic, zinc, nickel, chromium. To clarify the estimation of the levels of total contamination of soils, Zc, also Zst(g) were used in these calculations. Zst(g) takes into account the geometric mean of the concentration coefficients of elements and the toxicity of heavy elements Conclusion. Samples of soils selected in the Vasileostrovsky district are characterized by a higher pollution category in terms of Zc and Zst(g) than the soils of the Petrodvorets district. For all soil samples, the value of soil pollution index is more than 1, which characterizes the soils as contaminated. The indices of the microbiological activity are similar in the soils of the two investigated areas; the humus content is characterized as an average also in both campus areas.
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B, Minjmaa, and Oyunchimeg T. "Sources of heavy metal contamination in landfill soil covers of Ulaanbaatar." Mongolian Journal of Agricultural Sciences 22, no. 03 (May 9, 2018): 140–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.5564/mjas.v22i03.966.
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The aim of the study was to determine the source for contents of heavy metals in soils of landfill sites in Ulaanbaatar. Samples were collected from ash of the burned waste near the landfill sites to identify content of heavy metals such as plumbum, chromium, cadmium, nickel and zinc. There are total of 300 mg/kg chromium and 700 mg/kg zinc identified from ash of burned electrical wire, 1000 mg/kg plumbum is identified from the ash of burned tires. According to the comparison of heavy metal contents in landfill sites, landfill of industrial waste has higher content rate of chromium and cadmium than other landfill sites. These open burnings and industrial waste have considerable influences on contaminated soil with heavy metals. This is not only a source for soil contamination but also a risk to air and water pollution or resident health. Therefore, it is indispensable to develop waste management for human health and environmental protection.
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Łukawska, Monika, Małgorzata Widłak, and Agata Widłak. "Fractions of heavy metals in the soil of the urban agglomeration with increased traffic." E3S Web of Conferences 44 (2018): 00103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20184400103.
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The paper presents the results of research on the content of selected heavy metals (Cu, Pb, Zn, Ni) depending on pH, organic carbon content and soil sorption in the direct location of busy streets around the campus of the Kielce University of Technology. Based on the conducted studies of the sequential fractionation of metals by the BCR method was found that the highest content of nickel fraction FI (exchangeable) was 142.75 mg/kg. However, the total nickel concentration in all research areas exceeded the value specified in the Journal of Laws approx. 2 times. The lowest content from the analyzed metals in the surface layer of soil was found for zinc, the content of which was 1.5% in relation to the standard. The average percentage share of the analyzed metals in the separated fractions, in relation to the total content, was in decreasing series for Ni: FIII > FI> FII> FIV; for Pb: FII > FI > FIV > FIII; for Cu: FII > FI > FIII > FIV and for Zn: FII > FIII > FI > FIV. The studied soils are characterized by a varied granulometric composition of sand fraction, from very thick (1000 μm–2000 μm) to very fine 2 μm–50 μm). Statistical calculations showed that the pH, Corg content and sorptivity of the studied soil correlate with each other.
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Wani, P. A., M. S. Khan, and A. Zaidi. "Impact of heavy metal toxicity on plant growth, symbiosis, seed yield and nitrogen and metal uptake in chickpea." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 47, no. 6 (2007): 712. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea05369.
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Experiments were conducted to investigate the phytotoxic effects of heavy metals on chickpea, grown in unsterilised soils. Cadmium at 23 mg/kg soil, when used alone or in combination with other metals, was found to be the most toxic and significantly (P ≤ 0.05) reduced the plant growth, nodulation, chlorophyll content, and root and shoot N contents. Cadmium (23 mg/kg soil) and lead (390 mg/kg soil) reduced the number of nodules by 69.2 and 13.7%, respectively. Cadmium at 5.75 and 11.5 mg/kg soil decreased the seed yield by 14 and 19%, respectively, compared with the control. In contrast, lead at 97.5 and 195 mg/kg soil increased the seed yield by 12.3 and 8.8%, respectively, above the control. Generally, the chlorophyll content decreased with increasing rates of each metal. The root and shoot N content decreased by 33.3 and 30.7% at 23 mg/kg of cadmium, whereas lead at 390 mg/kg soil increased the root and shoot N content by 10 and 3%, respectively, above the control. The grain protein decreased gradually with increasing rates of each metal. An average maximum reduction (27%) in grain protein was observed with mixtures of 23 mg cadmium + 135 mg chromium + 580.2 mg nickel per kg soil. Flowering in chickpea plants was delayed following metal application. The degree of toxicity of heavy metals on the measured parameters decreased in the following order: cadmium, zinc, nickel, copper, chromium, then lead. Accumulation of heavy metals was higher in the roots relative to the shoots of chickpea and was significantly correlated with the concentration of the metals added to the soil.
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Matraszek, Renata. "Ion exchanger BIONA 312 as a component of soils polluted with nickel in cultivation of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.)." Acta Agrobotanica 57, no. 1-2 (2013): 49–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.5586/aa.2004.005.
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The objective of the studies undertaken was to assess the possibility of ion exchange substrate BIONA 312 use for nickel bioavailability limitation in cucumber (<i>Cucumis sativus</i> L.) 'Hermes'cv. as determined on the ground of chlorophyll and Ni content. BIONA 312, regarding the chemical composition, is a mixture of strongly acid cation exchanger KU-2x8 and polyfunctional weakly alkaline anion exchanger EDE-10P. The experiment was differentiated in regard to nickel and ion exchanger content. The following doses of Ni (in the form of NiSO<sub>4</sub>) were introduced: 0,30 or 75mg Ni·dm<sup>-3</sup> of the substrate. BIONA 312 was added to the medium in the following doses: O,2 or 5% of substrate volume. Together with Ni dose increase in the medium there was recorded a significant increase of this metal concentration in the cucumber biomass. Nickel in the amount 30 mg dm<sup>-3</sup> did not affect considerably the changes in any of chlorophyll form, but a dose 75mg Ni·dm<sup>-3</sup> has caused a significant decrease in chlorophyll "a" concentration in cucumber leaves. Simultaneously with the increase in the nickel content in the nutritive environment the decrease in the value of organic mass productivity coefficient was observed. The introduction of 5% ion exchange substrate BIONA 312 into the medium containing nickel in the amount 30 or 75 mg·dm<sup>-3</sup> induced a significant growth of the studied chlorophyll fractions in the cucumber leaves. BIONA 312 introduced to the environment contaminated with nickel in the amount of 30 or 75 mg·dm<sup>-3</sup> has significantly reduced Ni content in the cucumber biomass simultaneously increasing participation of roots in organic mass production. More efficient for the reduction of harmful Ni effect on the cucumber plants turned out to be introduction of ionite sorbent BIONA 312 at the dosage 5% than 2%.
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Akhmetova, G. V. "Geochemical features of soils in an undulating glaciolacustrine sandy plain in the middle taiga subzone of Karelia." Dokuchaev Soil Bulletin, no. 100 (January 3, 2020): 53–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.19047/0136-1694-2019-100-53-82.
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The geochemically conjugate series of soils (Albic Podzol – Albic Podzol Gleyc – Hystosol) formed on an undulating glaciolacustrine plain in the middle taiga of Karelia was investigated. Surveys for redox conditions showed them to vary from oxidizing in automorphic soils to reducing in soils occupying accumulation-favoring locations. The geochemical coefficients descriptive of the features of accumulation and directions of migration in the studied soils were calculated and analyzed. The distribution of silicic acid and a majority of sesquioxides inside the profile of the studied soils is typical of podzols. The podzolic horizons of the soils occupying interstitial positions have a faster outmigration of elements than in automorphic soils, while their Al-Fe-humic horizons accumulate aluminum, iron, titanium and phosphorus. All the soils are deficient in a majority of microelements as compared to their background levels; very low concentrations were determined for nickel, cobalt and manganese. The content of copper and sometimes zinc is at the background level. The distribution of the studied elements across the soil profile follows the accumulation-eluviation-illuviation pattern, but the scope of variation in the migration of elements varies among topographic positions. In well-drained locations microelements are quite monotonously distributed through the lower part of the soil profile, while soils in transitional landscapes have a higher differentiation of microelements. The differentiation of the catena through lateral migration is of the transient eluviation type, i.e. soils in lower-lying positions are poorer in the studied elements than soils in automorphic positions. This pattern is due to the natural characteristics of the area: low surface slope, homogeneous sandy parent material, low humus content in soil.
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Michopoulos, Panagiotis. "Nickel in forests – a short review on its distribution and fluxes." Folia Oecologica 48, no. 2 (July 1, 2021): 205–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/foecol-2021-0021.
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Abstract The distribution and cycling of nickel (Ni) in forests is greatly affected by their proximity to emission sources of the metal. The throughfall deposition is always richer in Ni than the bulk deposition. It can be inferred that some dry deposition enriches the throughfall. In remote forested areas, the hydrological fluxes of Ni do not differ a lot from those in litterfall. In addition, the current year needles in conifers have higher concentrations than the older needles, a sign of absorption and mobility of the metal. In contrast, near an industrial Ni source the older needles accumulate much more of the metal. The Ni content in bark tissue can be used to map the deposition distribution of the metal around an area (rural or urban). The concentrations of Ni in forest soils is also dependent on their distances from the Ni emission sources and the nature of the soil parent material. The Ni concentrations increase with soil depth due to the geogenic origin of the metal. Low pH greatly enhances the mobility of the metal in soils, much more than the leachability of organic matter.
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Antcibor, I., A. Eschenbach, S. Zubrzycki, L. Kutzbach, D. Bolshiyanov, and E. M. Pfeiffer. "Trace metal distribution in pristine permafrost-affected soils of the Lena River delta and its hinterland, northern Siberia, Russia." Biogeosciences 11, no. 1 (January 2, 2014): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-1-2014.
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Abstract. Soils are an important compartment of ecosystems and have the ability to buffer and immobilize substances of natural and anthropogenic origin to prevent their movement to other environment compartments. Predicted climatic changes together with other anthropogenic influences on Arctic terrestrial environments may affect biogeochemical processes enhancing leaching and migration of trace elements in permafrost-affected soils. This is especially important since Arctic ecosystems are considered to be highly sensitive to climatic changes as well as to chemical contamination. This study characterises background levels of trace metals in permafrost-affected soils of the Lena River delta and its hinterland in northern Siberia (73.5–69.5° N), representing a remote region far from evident anthropogenic trace metal sources. Investigations on the element content of iron (Fe), arsenic (As), manganese (Mn), zinc (Zn), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), cobalt (Co), and mercury (Hg) in different soil types developed in different geological parent materials have been carried out. The highest median concentrations of Fe and Mn were observed in soils belonging to ice-rich permafrost sediments formed during the Pleistocene (ice-complex) while the highest median values of Ni, Pb and Zn were found in soils of both the ice-complex and the Holocene estuarine terrace of the Lena River delta region, as well as in the southernmost study unit of the hinterland area. Detailed observations of trace metal distribution on the micro scale showed that organic matter content, soil texture and iron-oxide contents influenced by cryogenic processes, temperature, and hydrological regimes are the most important factors determining the metal abundance in permafrost-affected soils. The observed range of trace element background concentrations was similar to trace metal levels reported for other pristine northern areas.
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Makeeva, Natalia, and Olga Neverova. "The influence of soil microorganisms on heavy metal content in the substrate of waste rock dumps." BIO Web of Conferences 31 (2021): 00017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20213100017.
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The environmental effects of mining and its impact on natural resources are of a holistic nature. One of the modern methods employed for the remediation of technogenically disturbed soils is the application of microorganisms. This paper studies the impact made by soil microorganisms on the accumulation rate of heavy metals in the substrate of waste rock dumps in the process of soil reclamation. Suspensions of soil microorganisms (microorganisms utilising mineral nitrogen forms / MUMN; microorganisms decomposing silicates / MDS; microscopic fungi / MF) were applied to the rock dump surface. Separate groups as well as their combinations were applied. The heavy metal content analysis did not indicate a significant exceedance of the maximum allowable concentration limits (MACL) in the soil of the waste rock. The only metal whose content exceeded the maximum admissible concentration limits was nickel. It has found that the application of microorganisms influences the concentration of several heavy metals due to pH level changes of the rock dump soil.
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Zverkovsky, V. M., and M. V. Shamray. "Heavy metals as indicators of dynamics of the circulation of substances on recultivated lands of the Western Donbass." Питання степового лісознавства та лісової рекультивації земель 47 (November 29, 2018): 69–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/441809.
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The biological cycle of matter in artificial plantations of forest rehabilitation sites of the Western Donets Basin was studied.
The content and patterns of microelements’ migration in plants, tree waste, litter and soils are determined. Manganese, copper, lead, chromium, nickel and titanium were under investigation.
The dependence between the microelements content in tree waste, litter and soil and their main physicochemical characteristics as well as the correspondence of forest growing conditions to the optimal limits of the elements’ content in soil for plants normal development are characterized.
The factors influencing the trace elements content in the fill-up reclaiming layer are analyzed.
The reasons for the wide variation range of the microelements content in the leaves of experimental trees, and the possibility of using different ground types and plantation patterns are explained. It makes possible to estimate the importance of the biological stage of rehabilitation for the preventing technogenic influence on the environment.
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Kostecki, Jakub, Michał Drab, Róża Wasylewicz, Andrzej Greinert, Barbara Walczak, and Dariusz Królik. "THE STATE OF SOIL CONTAMINATED WITH NICKEL IN THE FORMER SANITARY ZONE OF THE GŁOGÓW COPPER SMELTER." Polish Journal of Soil Science 48, no. 1 (February 9, 2016): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.17951/pjss.2015.48.1.13.
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<p>Substances present in soils are of natural or anthropogenic origin. As a result of industrial activity, large quantities of potentially hazardous elements such as heavy metals are deposited in the environment. They may occur as unavailable (similar to the total form), or available for plants. The content of nickel in the soil from the former sanitary zone of the Głogów Copper Smelter does not exceed the Polish threshold values for industrial areas; however, its content may be influenced by other factors such as content of organic matter and soil reaction. In this article we present the results of the nickel pollution in the former sanitary zone of the Głogów Copper Smelter.</p><p> </p><p>Obecne w glebie związki chemiczne mają pochodzenie naturalne lub antropogeniczne. Jako efekt działalności przemysłowej, do atmosfery emitowane są znaczne ilości zanieczyszczeń, w tym metali ciężkich. Zanieczyszczenia obecne w środowisku mogą być związane trwale z materiałem glebowym, część z nich jest jednak dostępna dla roślin. W artykule przedstawiono wyniki zanieczyszczenia niklem terenów strefy ochronnej Huty Miedzi Głogów. Badania wykazały, że zawartość niklu nie przekraczała wartości granicznych, wg obowiązujących w Polsce standardów dla gleb stref przemysłowych. Zawartość niklu może być jednak modyfikowana przez zawartość materii organicznej oraz pH.</p>
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Antcibor, I., S. Zubrzycki, A. Eschenbach, L. Kutzbach, D. Bol'shiyanov, and E. M. Pfeiffer. "Trace metal distribution in pristine permafrost-affected soils of the Lena River Delta and its Hinterland, Northern Siberia, Russia." Biogeosciences Discussions 10, no. 2 (February 6, 2013): 2205–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bgd-10-2205-2013.
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Abstract. Soils are an important compartment of ecosystems and have the ability to immobilize chemicals preventing their movement to other environment compartments. Predicted climatic changes together with other anthropogenic influences on Arctic terrestrial environments may affect biogeochemical processes enhancing leaching and migration of trace elements in permafrost-affected soils. This is especially important since the Arctic ecosystems are considered to be very sensitive to climatic changes as well as to chemical contamination. This study characterizes background levels of trace metals in permafrost-affected soils of the Lena River Delta and its hinterland in northern Siberia (73.5° N–69.5° N) representing a remote region far from evident anthropogenic trace metal sources. Investigations on total element contents of iron (Fe), arsenic (As), manganese (Mn), zinc (Zn), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), cobalt (Co) and mercury (Hg) in different soil types developed in different geological parent materials have been carried out. The highest concentrations of the majority of the measured elements were observed in soils belonging to ice-rich permafrost sediments formed during the Pleistocene (ice-complex) in the Lena River Delta region. Correlation analyses of trace metal concentrations and soil chemical and physical properties at a Holocene estuarine terrace and two modern floodplain levels in the southern-central Lena River Delta (Samoylov Island) showed that the main factors controlling the trace metal distribution in these soils are organic matter content, soil texture and contents of iron and manganese-oxides. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) revealed that soil oxides play a significant role in trace metal distribution in both top and bottom horizons. Occurrence of organic matter contributes to Cd binding in top soils and Cu binding in bottom horizons. Observed ranges of the background concentrations of the majority of trace elements were similar to background levels reported for other pristine arctic areas and did not exceed mean global background concentrations examined for the continental crust as well as for the world's soils.
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Ünver, İ., S. Madenoğlu, A. Dilsiz, and A. Namlı. "Influence of rainfall and temperature on DTPA extractable nickel content of serpentine soils in Turkey." Geoderma 202-203 (July 2013): 203–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2013.03.025.
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Splodytel, A. "ECOLOGICAL AND GEOCHEMICAL ESTIMATION OF THE SPREADING OF TECHNOGENIC ELEMENTS IN THE TERRITORY OF KIVERTSIV NATIONAL NATURAL PARK "TSUMANSKA PUSHCHA"." Visnyk of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. Geology, no. 2 (93) (2021): 15–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/1728-2713.93.02.
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Analysis of heavy metals content in the soils of the territory showed its heterogeneous distribution and dependence on available sources of technogenic impact. Geochemical accumulation coefficients were calculated and analyzed. The highest concentrations of manganese and chromium are in soils developed on forest deposits. The highest concentrations of nickel and copper are in soils developed on water-glacial deposits. Most of the studied heavy metals exceed the regional geochemical background. In terms of gross content in soils, trace elements form the following geochemical series: Zn> Cu> Pb> Ni> Mn> Cr. Accumulation of lead in forest deposits up to 2-3 MPC was defined. Most heavy metals in the soil are nonuniformity distributed. High values of the variation coefficient (V) – more than 34 % – are typical for inhomogeneous set of data on the concentrations of all investigated heavy metals. The highest index of variation was defined for lead concentration and equal to 170%, the lowest values were obtained for chromium content and equal to 34 % and zinc – 36 %. In the investigated soils there are two types of micronutrient distribution: elements accumulation in organic horizons with concentration decrease in the lower part of the profile and distribution by sedentary – illuvial type. The first type is characterized by increasing distribution of the following elements Zn, Pb; the second one is characterized Co, Ni, Cu, Mn. The ecological and geochemical assessment of technogenic elements distribution of the NNP Tsumanska Pushcha territory is made on the basis of the comparison of technogenic geochemical specialization of different environments (water, soils, etc.). For assessing the role of landscape components in the general geochemical anomaly of the territory, it is proposed to create total ecological and geochemical estimations. It represents the total values of pollutant concentration coefficients in individual components. Further researchers should focus on the analysis of macronutrients and genetic types of soils; determination of the reference content of elements in geochemical landscapes for defining intensity migration and characteristics of elements distribution; conducting biogeochemical zoning.
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Wood*, Bruce, Charles Reilly, and Andrew Nyczepir. "Nickel Deficiency is Occuring in Orchard Trees." HortScience 39, no. 4 (July 2004): 858B—858. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.39.4.858b.
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Nickel (Ni) is an essential nutrient element for higher plants; although, it has generally been ignored. This is because it appeared that Ni deficiency would not likely occur in field situations. This conclusion is because a) Ni content of nearly all soils is thought to be high enough to satisfy plant requirements, and b) plant Ni requirements were thought to be very low. Thus, plant Ni nutriton has been generally ignored. We report here: 1) the discovery of acute Ni deficiency in field plantings of pecan (Carya illinoinensis); 2) the wide variety of symptoms associated with Ni deficient; 3) soil management conditions that cause Ni deficiency; and 4) potential impact of Ni deficiency on management strategies for crops. Observations indicate that Ni deficiencies are occuring on many woody crops in orchard or nursery situations. Evidence indicates that Ni deficiency is likely a factor in many complex disorders of unknown cause affecting a variety of crops. Ni deficiency problems are likely to become increasing common and severe as a result of contemporary management practices. The information presented identifies a need for greater attention to plant Ni nutrition by practitioners of crop husbandry.
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Datta, S., K. Chaudhury, and P. K. Mukherjee. "Hyperaccumulators from the serpentines of Andaman, India." Australian Journal of Botany 63, no. 4 (2015): 243. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bt14244.
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Serpentines are reported to occur over wide areas at or near the surface in the Andaman group of islands of India. Rutland Island and Chidyatappu in South Andaman and the Saddle Hills in North Andaman possess ophiolites in contiguous blocks covering appreciable areas. The soils had a low nutrient content and high concentrations of nickel, varying from 2700 to 10 100 μg g–1. In total, 11 hyperaccumulators of nickel were identified from the Andaman group, belonging to eight genera and seven families. Of these, Dichapetalum gelonioides (Roxb.) Engl. subsp. andamanicum (King) Leenh. and Rinorea bengalensis O.Kuntze accumulated nickel up to 30 000 μg g–1 dry leaf. The vegetation was evergreen, broad-leaved sclerophyllous scrub, with trees never exceeding 4–5 m in height.
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Kohanistaya, N. V. "Rationing of the Nickel Content in Soils of the Rainfed Agricultural Landscapes of the Rostov Region." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1079, no. 6 (March 1, 2021): 062091. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1079/6/062091.
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Giniyatullin, R. Kh, E. A. Emshina, and I. I. Fayruzov. "CONTENT AND DISTRIBUTION FEATURES OF MANGANESE, NICKEL IN ORGANS IN HEALTHY AND WEAKENED BALSAM POPLAR TREES (POPULUS BALSAMIFERA L.)." ÈKOBIOTEH 3, no. 3 (2020): 488–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.31163/2618-964x-2020-3-3-488-496.
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The work presents the results of many years of research on the assessment of the vital state, accumulation and distribution of manganese, nickel in absorbing, semiskeletal, skeletal roots and in the aerial, organs in healthy and weakened balsamic poplar trees (Populus balsamifera L.) under the conditions of the Sterlitamak industrial centre. It was found that under the influence of heavy metals under pollution conditions at a depth of 0 - 10 (20) cm, the proportion of absorbing roots of balsamic poplar decreases in comparison with the control. It was revealed that under the conditions of the Sterlitamsk industrial centre, high concentrations of Ni and other metals in soils reduce the supply of Mn to plants. The high content of Ni and other metals in soils under the balsamic poplar stands negatively affects the vital state of trees and leads to a decrease in absorbing roots.
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Ladányi, Zsuzsanna, Katalin Csányi, Andrea Farsang, Katalin Perei, Attila Bodor, Adrienn Kézér, Károly Barta, and Izabella Babcsányi. "Impact of Low-Dose Municipal Sewage Sludge Compost Treatments on the Nutrient and the Heavy Metal Contents in a Chernozem Topsoil Near Újkígyós, Hungary: A 5-Year Comparison." Journal of Environmental Geography 13, no. 1-2 (April 1, 2020): 25–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jengeo-2020-0003.
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AbstractAgriculture is one of the major fields, where sewage sludge can be used. Its high nutrient content can contribute to the improvement of important soil properties, such as nutrient content, water balance and soil structure. However, sewage sludge may contain hazardous components, such as pathogens and pollutants. Therefore, it is important to monitor the effects of its field application. In this paper, we assessed the impacts of two low-dose (2.5 m3/ha) municipal sewage sludge compost applications (in 2013 and in 2017) in a 5.6 ha arable land in southeast Hungary (near Újkígyós), located in the Hungarian Great Plain. The nutrient and the heavy metal contents in the upper soil layer (0-30 cm) of the studied Chernozem soils were compared between two sampling campaigns in 2013 (before the compost applications) and in 2018 (after the compost applications). Basic soil properties (pH, salinity, humus content, carbonate content, Arany yarn number) complemented with nutrient content (K2O, P2O5, NO2+ NO3) and heavy metal content (Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn) analyses were performed. The results show that no significant change can be noticed in the baseline parameters over the 5-year period. The slight increase in the P2O5, NO2+ NO3 content is closely related to the beneficial effects of the sewage sludge deposition. The soil-bound heavy metal load did not increase significantly as a result of the compost treatments, only nickel showed a slight increase in the topsoil. In all cases the heavy metal concentrations did not reach the contamination thresholds set by Hungarian standards. The results provided positive evidences proving that low dose municipal sewage sludge compost disposal on agricultural land is safe, and can be considered as a sustainable soil amendment for agriculture in compliance with legal requirements.
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Briceño, Jorge, Evelyn Tonato, Mónica Silva, Mayra Paredes, and Arnaldo Armado. "Impact of metal content in agricultural soils near the Tungurahua volcano on the cultivation of Allium fistulosum L." La Granja 32, no. 2 (August 28, 2020): 114–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.17163/lgr.n32.2020.09.
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The Tungurahua volcano, located in the eastern mountain range of Ecuador, since its reactivation in 1999 has had several phases of volcanic activity, which have produced gas, ash and lava emissions. These emissions release a large amount of metals to nearby soils that are currently used for agricultural purposes. Metal pollution can cause serious problems for human health; while other metals are necessary as nutrients in most agricultural crops. In this investigation, the metal content in agricultural soils of the Quero canton was evaluated, as well as its bioavailability and content in the culture of Allium fistulosum L., in order to obtain information on the impact of potentially polluting metals (cadmium, lead, nickel, strontium, cobalt, copper and zinc) and nutrients (potassium, magnesium, iron and manganese) on crops. For the estimation of total metals in soil an acid digestion was performed; for bioavailable metals an extractant mixture (EDTA-Triethanolamine-CaCl2, pH 7) was used and for the branch onion a calcination followed by acid digestion was carried out. The quantification of the metals was carried out by flame atomic absorption spectroscopy or graphite furnace. The results showed that the metal content, both in the soil samples and in the branch onion, was below the maximum values allowed in the local regulations for all the metals studied. In addition,the intake of the metal by the branch onion was independent of the bioavailable fraction.
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Dobrotvorskaya, N. I., N. V. Semendyaeva, and A. A. Morozova. "The elemental composition of soils of saline agrolandscapes of the Prichanovskaya depression and their sanitary and hygienic assessment." Siberian Herald of Agricultural Science 49, no. 2 (May 22, 2019): 5–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.26898/0370-8799-2019-2-1.
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The elemental composition of the soil was studied in the mesorelief of the former water area of the Yudinsky stretch of Lake Chany. The study was carried out in two soil sections that are in geochemical conjugation: meadow-chernozem weakly-solodic loamy sand soil in the eluvial landscape position and meadow-marsh saline heavy-loamy soil in the accumulative landscape. Soils differ significantly in both redox and acid-base conditions: the distribution of humus in the soil profile, pH values, the content of physical clay, cation exchange capacity. Distribution of the predominant number of macroand microelements (with the exception of silicon) in the saline agrolandscape of the Prichanovskaya depression is characterized by their accumulation in the meadowmarsh saline heavy loam soil as a result of water migration and subsequent fixation in the form of slow-moving compounds. The content of elements in the accumulative position is on average 2-3 times higher than in the eluvial one. Macroelements iron and aluminum migrate down the relief in the form of sesquioxides in the composition of the clay fraction. The accumulation of calcium and magnesium is associated with the carbonatization of the soil profile. Trace elements zinc, copper, cadmium, lead are deposited on the alkaline barrier in the profile of meadow chernozem soil at a depth of 95 cm and below, in a meadow-marsh saline soil from the surface, molybdenum is concentrated in the upper horizons of the soil profile on the evaporation barrier, manganese on humus and gley meadow-bog soil, nickel and cobalt on humus and clay, chrome in salt accumulations. An imbalance of copper and molybdenum, iron and manganese, calcium and strontium is observed in the soils of both the eluvial and accumulative positions, which indicates a deficiency of molybdenum and manganese and an excess of strontium in the landscape soils in general. There is an excess of permissible sanitary and hygienic standards for the content of strontium and barium in the accumulative positions in the entire thickness of the soil profile of meadow-marsh saline heavy-loamy soil. The content of arsenic and, especially, boron exceeds the MPC values in the landscape as a whole.
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Gаritskaya, M. Y., T. N. Kholodilina, and M. S. Baranova. "ECOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF SOIL QUALITY OF ROADSIDE AREAS USED FOR GROWING CROPS." Bulletin of Nizhnevartovsk State University, no. 1 (December 15, 2020): 119–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.36906/2311-4444/20-1/18.
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This paper presents data on the content of heavy metals in the road-side soils (transport lands) along the Orenburg-Orsk motorway and the Saraktash-Kuvandyk motorway in Orenburg Region, Russia. The objects of the study were two agricultural fields (wheat and barley) located between the motorway and the forest shelterbelt. The purpose of the study was to find the total content and the active form of heavy metals in the studied soils, to assess their quality by the degree of ecological adversity, and to determine the possibility of using them for cultivating crops. The comprehensive chemical pollution indicator (CCPI) and the ecotoxicological soil quality indicator (ESQI) were used to assess the ecological condition of the studied fields. The soil samples were tested to find the content of cadmium, zinc, lead, manganese, iron, copper, chromium, cobalt, and nickel. Cadmium had the highest active form percentage (9-17%) in the total heavy metal content in soils, sampled along the Saraktash-Kuvandyk motorway, while lead content was the highest (5.7-11.5%) in samples collected along the Orenburg-Orsk motorway. According to the CCPI and other established criteria, the entire territory along the motorways is in the critical environmental condition (16 < CCPI < 32), and the territory six meters away from the Orenburg-Orsk motorway is in the condition of environmental emergency (32 < CCPI < 128). The ESQI data was analyzed differentially for substances of various hazard classes. As for hazard class I metals, the environmental emergency has already developed throughout the territory under study, except for the areas located six and sixteen meters from the Orenburg-Orsk motorway that are in the state of environmental disaster. Therefore, the analysis of the ecological state of the studied road-side areas showed that, by the total content of toxic hazard class I metals, they can be categorized as environmental emergency and environmental disaster zones, and crops, used for producing foodstuff and livestock feed, must not be cultivated in these fields.
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Lagrange, Alexandre, Marc Ducousso, Philippe Jourand, Clarisse Majorel, and Hamid Amir. "New insights into the mycorrhizal status of Cyperaceae from ultramafic soils in New Caledonia." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 57, no. 1 (January 2011): 21–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/w10-096.
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In New Caledonia, a hot spot of biodiversity, plants from the Cyperaceae family are mostly endemic and considered pioneers of the nickel-rich natural serpentine ecosystem. The aim of the study was to highlight the mycorrhizal status of these Cyperaceae and to bring new insights into the role of this symbiosis in plant tolerance to ultramafic soils. Nine Cyperaceae species were studied and presented evidence of root colonization by arbuscular mycorrhizas (AMs), with frequencies ranging from 8% to 57%. The highest level of AM colonization was observed in plants from the endemic dominant genus Costularia . Molecular evidence demonstrated the presence of Glomus sp. inside the roots. In a controlled greenhouse assay, AM inoculation of Costularia comosa grown under ultramafic conditions significantly enhanced plant growth, with an increase in biomass by up to 2.4-fold for shoots and 1.2-fold for roots, and also reduced nickel content in roots by 2.5-fold, as compared with the controls. All these data support our hypotheses (i) that a relationship exists between the mycorrhizal status of Cyperaceae and their habitat, and (ii) that AM have a positive role in plant tolerance to ultramafic soils (mineral nutrition and metal tolerance), suggesting the use of these pioneer plants with AM management as potential tools for nickel mine site rehabilitation in New Caledonia.
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Oleksandr M. Trofymchuk, Iryna V. Kuraeva, Oleksandr T. Azimov, Sergii P. Karmazinenko, and Kateryna S. Zlobina. "Geochemical characteristics for the soil deposits within the municipal waste disposal areas by the environment study results." Environmental safety and natural resources 35, no. 3 (September 17, 2020): 5–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.32347/2411-4049.2020.3.5-21.
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As a result of the analytical research and result of the previous stages of study it was found the significant contamination of the soil layer by the heavy metals (HMs) within the Landfill area No 5 for the municipal solid waste (MSW) disposal and the surrounding areas. It was revealed also the negative its effect on the contents of these pollutants in the soil of adjacent buffer zone, which is under the influence of north-eastern, northern, and north-western parts of the Landfill. This is a result of 34 years of the operation of the MSW disposal facility, when there were operating troubles. That caused by the breach of operating procedures of the covering the garbage storages by the isolating layers of dirt, intermittent work of the leachate treatment system, capacity exceeded, etc. Therefore, the soils within the Landfill’s boundaries and also in the buffer its zone have been contaminated by the different toxic substances, in particular by the HMs. So, soil deposits of the Landfill have got the maximum exceed of background contents for cooper, lead, nickel, and tin by from several to ten times, at the same time, beyond its contour – by 2–3 times. The negative changes of physical-chemical properties of soils of the humus horizon is revealed by the comparison with the proper indications for the soil samples collected in the sites adjacent to the Landfill and directly on its territory. The buffer coefficient of soil of this horizon (Cb) is twice as lower for the technogenic polluted soils within the MSW disposal facility than for the background sites for their is equal to the value of Cb=55. The contents of mobile forms for the HMs in the soil formations of the Landfill No 5 in the comparison with the background values increase 2 times for cooper and zinc, as well 8 times for lead. It is the content of the mobile forms that affects the migration of the HMs in the trophic chain “soil – solution – biota”.