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Machado, Matheus Rodrigo, David José Miquelluti, and Mari Lucia Campos. "Arsenic in Santa Catarina soils." Ambiente e Agua - An Interdisciplinary Journal of Applied Science 16, no. 5 (October 6, 2021): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4136/ambi-agua.2720.
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Arsenic (As) is one of the most harmful chemical elements known to man and to the environment, mainly due its high toxicity and wide distribution; the content of this element within the soils is a genuine concern, thus making it paramount to know its natural contents in a regional context. The present study aimed to determine the natural Arsenic content in the A horizon of 31 soil profiles from the state of Santa Catarina, Brazil, which is useful in determining reference values, monitoring, remediation of contaminated areas, legal regulation and Brazilian laws. Soil samples were prepared following the USPEA 3051A SW-846 method and were previously chemically reduced from As(V) to AS(III) by using the BCR method. The determination was performed in an Inductively Coupled Plasma - Optical Emission Spectrometry - Hydride Generation (ICP-OES-HG at cold vapor). Results obtained from the soil groups reveal the materials of basaltic origins as the ones with more As content while those of sediment origins had lesser content. Evaluated soil profiles fit into the following descending order regarding their As content: Latossolos, according to EMBRAPA (Oxisols according to Soil Taxonomy) > Nitossolo (Ultisols, Oxisols (Kandic), Alfisols) > Chernossolos (---) = Cambissolo (Inceptisols) = Argissolo (Ultisols) > Neossolos (Entisols).
Keywords: arsenic content, reference value, soils, trace element.
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Kobza, Jozef. "Arsenic in Agricultural Soils of Slovakia." Polish Journal of Soil Science 54, no. 1 (June 29, 2021): 89. http://dx.doi.org/10.17951/pjss.2021.54.1.89-101.
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<p>The article presents the current distribution of arsenic in agricultural soils of Slovakia. The current concentration of arsenic (extracted with <em>aqua regia</em>) was measured and evaluated based on 318 monitoring sites of national soil monitoring system in Slovakia. Based on the obtained results, one can state that the average content of arsenic is lower than the valid hygienic limit for arsenic (25 mg.kg-1) for predominated sandy-loamy and loamy soils in Slovakia. Increased values of arsenic were determined only for the Horná – Upper Nitra region (anthropogenic impact) – 24.5 mg.kg-1 and for the Stredný – Central Spiš region (mixed anthrophogenic and geogenic impact) – 129.5 mg.kg-1. These regions belong to the most arsenic-affected regions in Slovakia, where the content of bioavailable forms of arsenic is also increased in the range of 0.013–0.997 mg.kg-1. The hygienic limit for bioavailable arsenic in soils of Slovakia is 0.4 mg.kg-1. Finally, there is a serious risk of arsenic transport from soil into the plants and food chain especially in case of acid soils. A higher risk of As presence seems to be in anthropogenically affected soils.</p>
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Li, Lian Fang, Xi Bai Zeng, Shi Ming Su, Cui Xia Wu, and Ya Lan Wang. "Arsenic Content and the Bioavailability in Farmland Soils Affected by Mining Activities of a Realgar Ore, South China." Advanced Materials Research 955-959 (June 2014): 3645–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.955-959.3645.
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Investigation on arsenic (As) accumulation in soil and agricultural products collected from the areas influenced by mine tailings and spoils around Shimen realgar mine, Hunan province, China, was carried out in this study. Water solubility, fractionation and bioavailability of As were determined as well to understand the environmental risk of arsenic releasing from farmland to water system this region. The results indicated that total soil arsenic concentrations varied from 18.9 to 932mg kg-1and the highest arsenic concentration exceeding 500mg kg-1in soils occurred only within 500m from these arsenic sources, and relatively low content (<40 mg="" kg="" sup="">-1) appeared in the areas far away (>3000m) from the pollution source. Arsenic content in dryland soils decreased with the distance from the mining arsenic ore, tailings and heaps increased. Through sequential extraction procedure (SEP), it was verified that the least arsenic amount occurred for exchangeable fraction with the percentage of 1.1%, then the organically bound fraction (1.6%), and much of the arsenic in the soils was associated with relatively immobile solid phases as residual fraction ranging from 87.5% to 93.3%. The fraction of mobile species, which potentially is harmful to the environment, was found to be higher in the soils with more AsT (total arsenic) content. Through statistical analysis, it was found out that arsenic content in plants was significantly correlated (R2=0.202;P<0.01) with exchangeable As among these five As fractions in soils. Comparing extracted arsenic content in soils using distilled water (H2O-As), muriatic acid (HCl-As) and ammonium chloride (NH4Cl-As), better positive relationship occurred significantly (R2=0.226;P<0.01) between NH4Cl-As and arsenic in plant, indicating the bioavailability was most closely related to NH4Cl-As rather than total As and other chemical solvents for extracting arsenic from soil.
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Gersztyn, Leszek, Anna Karczewska, and Bernard Gałka. "Influence of pH on the solubility of arsenic in heavily contaminated soils / Wpływ pH na rozpuszczalność arsenu w glebach silnie zanieczyszczonych." Ochrona Srodowiska i Zasobów Naturalnych 24, no. 3 (September 1, 2013): 7–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/oszn-2013-0031.
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Abstract The aim of this study was to determine the impact of pH on arsenic solubility in soils heavily contaminated by the former arsenic industry. For the purpose of the study, three soil samples were collected from the area affected by ore processing in Złoty Stok. Soils differed in initial pH, calcium carbonate content, organic matter content and total arsenic concentration. The amounts of arsenic released from soils at various pH were measured using extraction tests, where soil samples were shaken with various doses of HCl and NaOH in the presence of 0.01 mol • dm−3 CaCl2 as the background solution. Arsenic solubility in soils was considerably low at neutral or slightly acidic pH and increased considerably in both strongly acidic and alkaline conditions. The importance of these effects for environmental risk was discussed.
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de Menezes, Michele Duarte, Fábio Henrique Alves Bispo, Wilson Missina Faria, Mariana Gabriele Marcolino Gonçalves, Nilton Curi, and Luiz Roberto Guimarães Guilherme. "Modeling arsenic content in Brazilian soils: What is relevant?" Science of The Total Environment 712 (April 2020): 136511. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.136511.
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Kowalska, Joanna, Jerzy Golimowski, and Ewa Kazimierska. "Determination of Total and Mobile Arsenic Content in Soils." Electroanalysis 13, no. 10 (June 2001): 872–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1521-4109(200106)13:10<872::aid-elan872>3.0.co;2-f.
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Alam, M. B., and M. A. Sattar. "Assessment of arsenic contamination in soils and waters in some areas of Bangladesh." Water Science and Technology 42, no. 7-8 (October 1, 2000): 185–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2000.0568.
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The soil samples and tubewell waters were collected from 25 locations representing five thanas of four districts of Bangladesh. The soils were collected from three depths viz. 0–15, 15–30 and 30–45 cm and tubewell waters were collected from same locations. The arsenic content of soils and waters were detected by Molybdenum blue method. The arsenic content in soils ranged from 1.27–56.68, 3.18–54.77, 1.27–50.95, 1.27–39.48 and 3.18–35.66 ppm in Chapainawabganj Sadar, Kustia Sadar, Bera, Ishurdi and Sarishabari thanas, respectively. Out of a total of 25 samples arsenic was detectable for 18 samples at 0–15 cm, 17 samples at 15–30 cm and 15 samples at 30–45 cm depth. One sample at 0–15 cm, 7 samples at 15–30 cm and 4 samples at 30–45 cm depth were found to be slightly contaminated. In tubewell water the arsenic content measured from Chapainawabganj Sadar, Kustia Sadar, Bera, Ishurdi and Sarishabari thanas were ranged 0.010–0.056, 0.010–0.071, 0.010–0.056, 0.010–0.056 and 0.025–0.071 ppm, respectively. Out of 25 water samples 17 contained variable amounts of arsenic where 6 sampling sites contained arsenic levels above 0.05 ppm, and these sites are Rajarampur of Chapainawabganj Sadar thana, Jordaha of Bera thana, Courtpara of Kustia Sadar thana, Nalgari of Ishurdi thana and Ijarapara of Sarisabari thana. Arsenic contained in soils was positively correlated with arsenic content in waters.
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Gu, Qing Bao, Chang Sheng Peng, Qian Zhang, and Fa Sheng Li. "Growth Effect and Accumulation of as on / in Two Vegetables in Three Types of Chinese Soil." Advanced Materials Research 347-353 (October 2011): 2048–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.347-353.2048.
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Greenhouse trials with brassica camprestris (BC) and raphanns sativns (RS) grown in three types of Chinese soils (Henan fluvo-aquic soil; Jilin black soil; and Hunan red soil) were conducted to evaluate the growth effect and accumulation of As on/in vegetables resulting from different arsenic contents in soils. The arsenic uptake rate of the vegetables response to type of soils and investigated plant species as well. Experimental results show that low arsenic content in soil has no effect on vegetable growth, but promote the biomass of vegetables. However, higher arsenic concentrations in soils lead to decrease in growth of both leaf- and root systems of the vegetables, especially when arsenic concentration is above 90 mg kg-1 in the soil. Arsenic levels in soils and vegetables correlated positively according to the experimental results. The tests also reveal that vegetables grown in alkali soils may accumulate more arsenic than that in acid soils, which suggests that arsenic in different types of soil may have different impacts on vegetables even with the same concentration. Arsenic concentration in RS is always higher than that in BC during the experiments, which indicates root vegetables may, have greater ability for arsenic uptake from soil than leafy vegetables potentially.
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Zhu, Zongqiang, Shuai Zhou, Xiaobin Zhou, Shengpeng Mo, Yinian Zhu, Lihao Zhang, Shen Tang, Zhanqiang Fang, and Yinming Fan. "Effective Remediation of Arsenic-Contaminated Soils by EK-PRB of Fe/Mn/C-LDH: Performance, Characteristics, and Mechanism." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 7 (April 6, 2022): 4389. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19074389.
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Arsenic is highly toxic and carcinogenic. The aim of the present work is to develop a good remediation technique for arsenic-contaminated soils. Here, a novel remediation technique by coupling electrokinetics (EK) with the permeable reactive barriers (PRB) of Fe/Mn/C-LDH composite was applied for the remediation of arsenic-contaminated soils. The influences of electric field strength, PRB position, moisture content and PRB filler type on the removal rate of arsenic from the contaminated soils were studied. The Fe/Mn/C-LDH filler synthesized by using bamboo as a template retained the porous characteristics of the original bamboo, and the mass percentage of Fe and Mn elements was 37.85%. The setting of PRB of Fe/Mn/C-LDH placed in the middle was a feasible option, with the maximum and average soil leaching toxicity removal rates of 95.71% and 88.03%, respectively. When the electric field strength was 2 V/cm, both the arsenic removal rate and economic aspects were optimal. The maximum and average soil leaching toxicity removal rates were similar to 98.40% and 84.49% of 3 V/cm, respectively. Besides, the soil moisture content had negligible effect on the removal of arsenic but slight effect on leaching toxicity. The best leaching toxicity removal rate was achieved when the soil moisture content was 35%, neither higher nor lower moisture content in the range of 25–45% was conducive to the improvement of leaching toxicity removal rate. The results showed that the EK-PRB technique could effectively remove arsenic from the contaminated soils. Characterizations of Fe/Mn/C-LDH indicated that the electrostatic adsorption, ion exchange, and surface functional group complexation were the primary ways to remove arsenic.
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Karavaeva, Tatiana, Elena Menshikova, Pavel Belkin, and Vyacheslav Zhdakaev. "Features of Arsenic Distribution in the Soils of Potash Mines." Minerals 12, no. 8 (August 16, 2022): 1029. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min12081029.
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The purpose of the present study is to analyse the distribution of arsenic in the soils of the Verkhnekamskoe potassium salt deposit (Perm Krai, Russia). The danger of arsenic pollution is determined by its high toxicity and carcinogenic hazard. Being a technophilic element, arsenic enters the environment primarily as a result of mining activities. Mining and processing sites for arsenic-containing ores are the most prone to technophilic arsenic accumulation. Solid wastes from potash production also contain elevated concentrations of arsenic. The content of arsenic in soils was determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Statistical methods were used to analyse the features of arsenic distribution in soils of background areas and potash mining areas near production facilities. Three types of landscapes were studied within each territory, which were each distinguished by the leading processes of substance migration. Arsenic concentrations in both the background areas and the potash mining territories vary considerably, ranging from n × 10−1 to n × 10. The study found no statistically significant differences in arsenic concentrations in soils of potash mining areas and background areas. Arsenic concentrations in soils from various types of landscapes also do not differ statistically. Arsenic concentrations in soils of saline areas were found to be higher than in the rest of the territories. Outside of saline areas, the identified patterns of arsenic distribution in the soils of the Verkhnekamskoe potassium salt deposit indicate that potash operations are not a determinant in the technophilic accumulation of arsenic.
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Ori, L. V., M. C. Amacher, and J. E. Sedberry. "Survey of the total arsenic content in soils in louisiana." Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis 24, no. 17-18 (November 1993): 2321–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00103629309368958.
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Das, Indranil, Koushik Ghosh, D. K. Das, and S. K. Sanyal. "Transport of arsenic in some affected soils of Indian subtropics." Soil Research 52, no. 8 (2014): 822. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sr14111.
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An experiment on transport of aqueous arsenic (As) from both affected and unaffected soils of West Bengal, India, was conducted with the help of double-chambered columns in the laboratory. In the vertical column study, the sigmoid shape of breakthrough curves (BTCs) suggests hydrodynamic dispersion, whereas the inflexion of BTCs at a much lesser relative concentration indicates retention of As in the affected soils. In the horizontal column study, the affected soils showed lower mechanical filtration capacity and solute permeability and higher reflection coefficient, indicating greater As retention in these soils. The frictional coefficients for soil-water solute derived from the horizontal flow also indicate As retention by the affected soils. The As retention capacity of these soils was attributed to the greater clay content, illitic minerals, organic matter, specific surface area, and amorphous iron and aluminium content.
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Liu, Yan Zhong, Jun Wei Ma, Chun Ye Lin, Xi Tao Liu, Hong Xia Yan, and Yu Qing Ren. "Health Risk Assessment of Arsenic in Soils of School Playgrounds and Residential Areas, Central China." Advanced Materials Research 1073-1076 (December 2014): 362–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1073-1076.362.
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Soil samples were collected from school playgrounds and residential areas of children in Hubei Province, China. Total arsenic content in 2 partial fractions (0-0.25mm and 0-2mm) of soil samples were analyzed. The average total arsenic content of samples in 0-0.25 fraction were 8.43 and 9.43 mg kg-1 in rural and urban soils, respectively, while in the 0-2mm fraction, the average arsenic content were 9.09 and 11.64 mgkg-1. Risk assessment for children in these study sites implied that hazard quotient of arsenic with the reason of soil ingestion were below 1, and the carcinogenic risk was acceptable (<1.0×10−6) in all the sample sites. There was significant difference between the risk assessment with the total arsenic value in 0-0.25mm and 0-2mm fractions in urban soils. While in soil samples of rural areas, risk assessment of different soil fractions had similar results.
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Chang, H. Y., and Z. S. Chen. "The effect of different water managements on rice arsenic content in two arsenic-spiked soils." E3S Web of Conferences 1 (2013): 15007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20130115007.
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Kaszubkiewicz, Jarosław, Ewa Pora, Dorota Kawałko, and Paweł Jezierski. "Arsenic Content in Arable Land of the Ząbkowice District." Civil And Environmental Engineering Reports 12, no. 1 (June 26, 2014): 69–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ceer-2014-0007.
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Abstract The aim of this study was to determine the content of arsenic in soils used for agriculture in the Ząbkowicki district. The content of arsenic in collected soil samples ranged 1.1-569.5 mg·kg-1. The standard for arable lands of Group B has been exceeded in 24 out of 231 test points. The highest concentrations occurred in the Złoty Stok commune. This is due to the output of arsenic and gold in this area. Exceeding the standard also occurred in neighboring communes: Kamieniec Ząbkowicki and Ziębice. This is due to the blowing and washing pollutions form the source of contamination, the arsenic mines in the Złoty Stok commune.
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Spallholz, Julian E., L. Mallory Boylan, J. David Robertson, Linda Smith, Mohammad M. Rahman, Jason Hook, and Richard Rigdon. "Selenium and arsenic content of agricultural soils from Bangladesh and Nepal." Toxicological & Environmental Chemistry 90, no. 2 (March 2008): 203–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02772240701419347.
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Prokhorova, Natalya Vladimirovna, Yuliya Vladimirovna Makarova, Sergey Vyacheslavovich Bugrov, Yuriy Leonidovich Gerasimov, Igor Artemyevich Platonov, and Maksim Glebovich Goryunov. "Arsenic and selenium in shore soils and bottom sediments of Samara city ponds." Samara Journal of Science 8, no. 2 (April 1, 2019): 53–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/snv201982109.
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Arsenic and selenium are included in the group of chemical elements of the first hazard class, which confirms the need to analyze their content in natural environments of natural and man-made ecosystems during ecological and biogeochemical monitoring. By their chemical properties, arsenic and selenium are metalloids or semimetals. In very low concentrations, they are necessary for the normal functioning of the organisms, but with increasing concentrations in the habitat or food they show high toxicity. Particularly dangerous is the accumulation of arsenic and selenium in accumulative environments and landscapes, which include soils and confined water bodies. For the urban ecosystems of the Samara Region, earlier monitoring of the content of arsenic and selenium in the components of their accumulative landscapes was not carried out, which confirms the relevance and practical significance of the presented materials. The authors carried out ecological and geochemical studies of the accumulation of arsenic and selenium in coastal soils and bottom sediments of twenty ponds located in the Samara city within the coastal slope of the Saratov reservoir (Volga slope) and on the watershed between the Saratov reservoir and the Samara River. The results analysis showed a relatively low level of arsenic accumulation in the analyzed substrates of the studied ponds. Compared with the level of regional background for the Middle Volga, the studied accumulative aqual landscapes are noticeably enriched in selenium (2-15 times). The technogenic influx of arsenic and selenium into the accumulative landscapes of the Samara city may be associated with the activities of metalworking and machine-building enterprises, as well as thermal power plants. The materials presented in the paper concerning the content of arsenic and selenium in coastal soils and bottom sediments of urban ponds in the Samara city can be considered as pioneering for the region and subsequently used in the ecological and geochemical monitoring of regional urban ecosystems.
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Weerasiri, Thanes, Wanpen Wirojanagud, and Thares Srisatit. "Assessment of Potential Location of High Arsenic Contamination Using Fuzzy Overlay and Spatial Anisotropy Approach in Iron Mine Surrounding Area." Scientific World Journal 2014 (2014): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/905362.
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Fuzzy overlay approach on three raster maps including land slope, soil type, and distance to stream can be used to identify the most potential locations of high arsenic contamination in soils. Verification of high arsenic contamination was made by collection samples and analysis of arsenic content and interpolation surface by spatial anisotropic method. A total of 51 soil samples were collected at the potential contaminated location clarified by fuzzy overlay approach. At each location, soil samples were taken at the depth of 0.00-1.00 m from the surface ground level. Interpolation surface of the analysed arsenic content using spatial anisotropic would verify the potential arsenic contamination location obtained from fuzzy overlay outputs. Both outputs of the spatial surface anisotropic and the fuzzy overlay mapping were significantly spatially conformed. Three contaminated areas with arsenic concentrations of7.19±2.86,6.60±3.04, and4.90±2.67 mg/kg exceeded the arsenic content of 3.9 mg/kg, the maximum concentration level (MCL) for agricultural soils as designated by Office of National Environment Board of Thailand. It is concluded that fuzzy overlay mapping could be employed for identification of potential contamination area with the verification by surface anisotropic approach including intensive sampling and analysis of the substances of interest.
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Kabir, M. S., M. A. Salam, D. N. R. Paul, M. I. Hossain, N. M. F. Rahman, Abdullah Aziz, and M. A. Latif. "Spatial Variation of Arsenic in Soil, Irrigation Water, and Plant Parts: A Microlevel Study." Scientific World Journal 2016 (2016): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/2186069.
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Arsenic pollution became a great problem in the recent past in different countries including Bangladesh. The microlevel studies were conducted to see the spatial variation of arsenic in soils and plant parts contaminated through ground water irrigation. The study was performed in shallow tube well command areas in Sadar Upazila (subdistrict), Faridpur, Bangladesh, where both soil and irrigation water arsenic are high. Semivariogram models were computed to determine the spatial dependency of soil, water, grain, straw, and husk arsenic (As). An arsenic concentration surface was created spatially to describe the distribution of arsenic in soil, water, grain, straw, and husk. Command area map was digitized using Arcview GIS from the “mouza” map. Both arsenic contaminated irrigation water and the soils were responsible for accumulation of arsenic in rice straw, husk, and grain. The accumulation of arsenic was higher in water followed by soil, straw, husk, and grain. Arsenic concentration varied widely within command areas. The extent and propensity of arsenic concentration were higher in areas where high concentration of arsenic existed in groundwater and soils. Spherical model was a relatively better and appropriate model. Kriging method appeared to be more suitable in creating interpolated surface. The average arsenic content in grain was 0.08–0.45 mg/kg while in groundwater arsenic level it ranged from 138.0 to 191.3 ppb.
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Aguilar-Garrido, Antonio, Ana Romero-Freire, Minerva García-Carmona, Francisco J. Martín Peinado, Manuel Sierra Aragón, and Francisco J. Martínez Garzón. "Arsenic Fixation in Polluted Soils by Peat Applications." Minerals 10, no. 11 (October 29, 2020): 968. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min10110968.
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Soil arsenic (As) pollution is still a major concern due to its high toxicity and carcinogenicity, thus, the study of decontamination techniques, as the organic amendment applications, keeps upgrading. This research evaluates the potential remediation of peat in different As-polluted soils, by assessing the decrease of As solubility and its toxicity through bioassays. Obtained reduction in As solubility by peat addition was strongly related to the increase of humic substances, providing colloids that allow the complexation of As compounds. Calcareous soils have been the least effective at buffering As pollution, with higher As concentrations and worse biological response (lower soil respiration and inhibition of lettuce germination). Non-calcareous soils showed lower As concentrations due to the higher iron content, which promotes As fixation. Although in both cases, peat addition improves the biological response, it also showed negative effects, hypothetically due to peat containing toxic polyphenolic compounds, which in the presence of carbonates appears to be concealed. Both peat dose tested (2% and 5%) decreased drastically As mobility; however, for calcareous soils, as there is no phytotoxic effect, the 5% dose is the most recommended; while for non-calcareous soils the efficient peat dose for As decontamination could be lower.
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Sturman, V. I., and A. N. Loginovskaya. "BACKGROUND CONCENTRATION OF HEAVY METALS (LEAD, CADMIUM, ZINC, COPPER, NICKEL, ARSENIC, MERCURY) IN SURFACE SOILS OF UDMURTIA CONTROLLED AT ENGINEERING-ECOLOGICAL RESEARCHES." Bulletin of Udmurt University. Series Biology. Earth Sciences 30, no. 3 (October 29, 2020): 285–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.35634/2412-9518-2020-30-3-285-294.
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Materials of engineering-ecological researches on various economic objects in Udmurtia are processed and systematized. Average (background) concentration of the heavy metals which are subject to obligatory control at engineering-ecological researches (lead, cadmium, zinc, copper, nickel, arsenic, mercury) for the main associations of soils and most wide-distributed kinds of soils are defined. It is revealed that with decreasing the soil’s podzol content and increasing the soil’s clay content, concentrations of heavy metals naturally raise. In general, similar soils are characterized by similar concentrations of heavy metals and similar ratios of concentration. It is established that excesses of hygienic standards on such elements as nickel, arsenic and to a lesser extent zinc, copper and cadmium, are not only something exclusive in Udmurtia, but also spreading more and more widely, especially in soils of light structure. The received average concentration can be accepted as background one at the subsequent engineering-ecological researches in the region.
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Moghtaderi, Tahereh, Ata Shakeri, and Andrés Rodríguez-Seijo. "Potentially Toxic Element Content in Arid Agricultural Soils in South Iran." Agronomy 10, no. 4 (April 14, 2020): 564. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10040564.
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Potentially toxic elements (PTE) are considered to be dangerous threats, both for human health and the environment. Here, the contamination level, sources, and ecological risks posed by PTE were investigated in 19 topsoils from agricultural lands in the Bandar Abbas County on the southern coast of Iran. The soil fraction <63 μm was used for the analysis of the pseudototal contents of PTE (arsenic, cadmium, cobalt, chromium, copper, lead, manganese, molybdenum, nickel, vanadium, and zinc). The results were analyzed using principal component analysis (PCA) and Pearson’s correlations, different pollution indices [enrichment factor (EF), contamination factor (Cf), and modified degree of contamination (mCd), and the potential ecological risk index (PERI). The results of the pollution indices showed that the contamination levels of the studied agricultural soils are low to moderate, while the average PERI values indicate that the ecological risks of PTE range from low to high in the soils of the studied area. Correlations and PCA analyses suggest that studied elements have three possible origins: geogenic (chromium, cobalt, copper, manganese, vanadium, and zinc), anthropogenic (cadmium, nickel, phosphorus and lead) and atmospheric (arsenic) sources. These findings are helpful for the long-term assessment of PTE in the Bandar Abbas County.
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Ashurbekova, Tamila Nasirovna, and Elmira Mugudinovna Musinova. "The study of heavy metal pollution in soils and the link between pollution and oncological diseases." Samara Journal of Science 7, no. 4 (November 30, 2018): 10–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/snv201874101.
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The paper deals with the problem of ecotoxicants content: arsenic, mercury, lead, cadmium in the soils of Achkhoy-Martan District settlements of the Chechen Republic and their impact on human health. The presence of heavy metals in soils and plant samples of the studied area can be explained by the geological structure of the territory of the Republic, which is located on the rocks of the Jurassic and Paleogene periods. Studies have shown excessive concentrations of lead in some samples of soil settlements of the Achkhoi-Martan District: Samashki is 43,1 mg/kg and Janda - 42,1 mg/kg vs 30 mg/kg by the MPC. There is an excess of the maximum permissible concentration of cadmium in the village Zakan-Yurt - 1,93 mg/kg against 1,0 mg/kg MPC. As for mobile forms arsenic, mercury and cadmium are found in the greatest quantities. The arsenic content exceeds the permissible values by 2,03-3,36 times, the cadmium content exceeds the MPC by almost 2 times - 1,93 mg/kg against 1 mg/kg. According to the results of the studies, the relationship between the transformation of mobile forms of heavy metals from soil to plants is monitored. A direct correlation between cancer and the concentration of heavy metals in the soils of the study areas was revealed.
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Kamrozzaman, M. M., M. A. H. Khan, S. Ahmed, N. Sultana, and A. F. M. Ruhul Quddus. "Evaluation of Five Wheat Varieties on Arsenic Contaminated Soils of Bangladesh." International Journal of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology 4, no. 3 (September 26, 2016): 330–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijasbt.v4i3.15761.
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An experiment was conducted at Farming System Research and Development Site, Hatgobindapur, Faridpur during 2012-13 to evaluate five wheat varieties against arsenic contaminated soils and determined accumulation of arsenic in grain and straw of wheat varieties. The experiment was laid out in RCB design with six replications. BARI Gom-21, BARI Gom-23, BARI Gom-24, BARI Gom-25 and BARI Gom-26 were used as treatment variables. The arsenic content was determined by using atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS). Result revealed that, wheat varieties differed in their grain arsenic concentration (0.49-1.15 mg kg-1). The arsenic translocation in wheat grains usually least and accumulation by different tissues followed the order root>stem>leaf>grain across the varieties. The variety BARI Gom-26 was found to accumulate least arsenic in grains followed by BARI Gom-25 and BARI Gom-24 under same growing condition due to phyto-extraction or phyto-morphological potential of the varieties. Maximum grain yield (4.36 t ha-1) was obtained from BARI Gom-26 followed by BARI Gom-25 and the lowest yield (3.43 t ha-1) was recorded from BARI Gom-23. Therefore, BARI Gom-26 and BARI Gom-25 can successfully be grown for higher yield in arsenic contaminated soils and water of Faridpur. Int J Appl Sci Biotechnol, Vol 4(3): 330-337
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Shin, Yu, Wang, Kim, and Koh. "Investigation of Spectral Variation of Pine Needles as an Indicator of Arsenic Content in Soils." Minerals 9, no. 8 (August 19, 2019): 498. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min9080498.
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The spectral response to arsenic (As) stress of pine needles (Pinus densiflora Siebold and Zucc.) from an abandoned lead (Pb)–zinc (Zn) mine was investigated based on chemical and spectroscopic analyses. The correlation analysis between the content of As in needle samples and that of soils and spectral parameters of the needle samples were conducted. The results showed very high correlation between As content in pine needles and soils. The major spectral response of pine needles to the As stress were characterized by the increase in the green and red color reflectance, the decrease in the first derivatives at 1648 nm, and the shrink in the red absorption feature. These changes were caused by the pigment content loss and the structural changes of phenolic compounds in the pine needles due to the As content. The linear regression analysis with the stepwise method showed the first derivatives at 668 nm and 1648 nm were the most useful variables in the regression model for As content prediction in pine needles. The As index of pine needles could be used to detect As content in soils associated with As and heavy metals contamination and/or mineralization in coniferous forests.
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Abakumov, Evgeny V., T. A. Pavlova, N. V. Dinkelaker, and A. E. Lemyakina. "SANITARY EVALUATION OF SOIL COVER OF THE SAINT PETERSBURG STATE UNIVERSITY CAMPUS." Hygiene and sanitation 98, no. 1 (March 27, 2019): 22–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.18821/0016-9900-2019-98-1-22-27.
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The aim of the study. To assess the contamination of the soil cover of the St. Petersburg State University campus. To accomplish the goal, tasks are set concerning the determination of the content of heavy metals in selected soil samples and their comparison with the available regulatory documents, estimates of the basal respiration of the soil and humus content. Materials and methods. In 2016-2017 there were executed investigations on the study of the state of soils on the campus of the St. Petersburg State University. Studies were carried out in the Vasileostrovsky and Petrodvorets districts of the city of St. Petersburg. 39 soil samples were taken from a depth of 0-30 cm. The content values of heavy metals (Pb, As, Zn, Cu, Ni, Co, Cr, V) and arsenic (As) were determined and compared with the available Maximum Allowable Concentrations (MAC) adopted in Russia. The biological activity of soil samples and the humus content were also investigated. Results. Analysis of heavy metals in soils and their comparison with available MPCs are given for soil samples from two campus areas of the St. Petersburg State University. Discussion. The investigation of soil samples of two different territories made it possible to identify the features of soil contamination with heavy metals and arsenic and to compare these areas with each other. The predominant majority of samples are characterized by exceeding the MAC limit for arsenic, zinc, nickel, chromium. To clarify the estimation of the levels of total contamination of soils, Zc, also Zst(g) were used in these calculations. Zst(g) takes into account the geometric mean of the concentration coefficients of elements and the toxicity of heavy elements Conclusion. Samples of soils selected in the Vasileostrovsky district are characterized by a higher pollution category in terms of Zc and Zst(g) than the soils of the Petrodvorets district. For all soil samples, the value of soil pollution index is more than 1, which characterizes the soils as contaminated. The indices of the microbiological activity are similar in the soils of the two investigated areas; the humus content is characterized as an average also in both campus areas.
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Yang, Yifan, Shiyong Tao, Zhichun Dong, Jing Xu, Xiang Zhang, and Guoyan Pan. "Adsorption of p-Arsanilic Acid on Iron (Hydr)oxides and Its Implications for Contamination in Soils." Minerals 11, no. 2 (January 22, 2021): 105. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min11020105.
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Because of the diversification of industries in developing cities, the phenomenon of the simultaneous contamination of various kinds of pollutants is becoming common, and the environmental process of pollutants in multi-contaminated environmental mediums has attracted attention in recent years. In this study, p-arsanilic acid (ASA), a kind of organic arsenic feed additive that contains the arsenic group in a chemical structure, is used as a typical contaminant to investigate its adsorption on iron oxides and its implication for contaminated soils. The adsorption kinetics on all solids can be fitted to the pseudo-second-order kinetic model well. At the same mass dosage conditions, the adsorption amount per unit surface area on iron oxides follows the order α-FeOOH > γ-Fe2O3 > α-Fe2O3, which is significantly higher than that for actual soil, because of the lower content of iron oxides in actual soil. Lower pH conditions favor ASA adsorption, while higher pH conditions inhibit its adsorption as a result of the electrostatic repulsion and weakened hydrophobic interaction. The presence of phosphate also inhibits ASA adsorption because of the competitive effect. Correlations between the amount of ASA adsorption in actual soil and the Fe2O3 content, total phosphorus content, arsenic content, and organic matter content of actual soil are also investigated in this work, and a moderate positive correlation (R2 = 0.630), strong negative correlation (R2 = 0.734), insignificant positive correlation (R2 = 0.099), and no correlation (R2 = 0.006) are found, respectively. These findings would help evaluate the potential hazard of the usage of organic arsenic feed additives, as well as further the understanding of the geochemical processes of contaminants in complicated mediums.
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PASIECZNA, Anna. "SOIL CONTAMINATION INDUCED BY HISTORICAL ZINC-LEAD ORE MINING AND IRON AND ZINC SMELTING IN THE CENTRAL PART OF THE UPPER SILESIAN INDUSTRIAL REGION (SOUTHERN POLAND)." Biuletyn Państwowego Instytutu Geologicznego 473, no. 473 (December 20, 2018): 49–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0012.7709.
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The purpose of the work was to determine the degree of accumulation of heavy metals, arsenic and sulphur in the soils of the central part of the Upper Silesian Industrial Region. Heavy industry, mining of metal ores and hard coal, iron and non-ferrous metallurgy as well as the discharge of industrial and municipal sewage caused a strong degradation of the natural environment of this area. The content of twenty one elements (Ag, Al, As, Ba, Ca, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mg, Mn, Mo, Ni, P, Pb, S, Sr, Ti, V i Zn) have been assayed in the soils of central part Upper Silesian Industrial Region. The contamination of the soils was assessed on the basis of contamination factors, enrichment factors and geoaccumulation indexes. The tests revealed elevated content of metals, arsenic and sulphur exceeding the levels of the regional geochemical background. Factor analysis made it possible to combine chemical elements into groups, probably derived from the same lithological or/and anthropogenic sources.
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Chernykh, Natalia, Yulia Baeva, and Anamaria Thoma. "Content of heavy metals and arsenic in soils near Sharra landfill (Tirana, Albania)." E3S Web of Conferences 265 (2021): 03003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202126503003.
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The paper presents the results of a comparative assessment of the degree of pollution of subtropical brown soils with a number of heavy metals (V, Mo, Co) and arsenic in the zone of influence of solid municipal waste landfill “Sharra”. The landfill is located about 7 km southwest of the center of Tirana. Until the early 1990s it was used mainly for the disposal of industrial waste, subsequently it became an uncontrolled open dump and is now the dumping area for all waste of the capital city of the Republic of Albania. Total metal and As contents were determined by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry in samples from 14 sites at different distances from the landfill body. Concentrations of V - in 1.2-1.3 times, Mo - more than in 2.2-4.4 times, Co - in 1.2-1.5 times and As - more than in 3.4 times were exceeded background concentration. It was also revealed 1.7 times higher than the established normative value for As in soils. The obtained results confirm the hypothesis about the negative impact of the Sharra landfill on the adjacent territories.
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Dobran, Simona, and Gérald J. Zagury. "Arsenic speciation and mobilization in CCA-contaminated soils: Influence of organic matter content." Science of The Total Environment 364, no. 1-3 (July 2006): 239–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2005.06.006.
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Kaszubkiewicz, Jarosław, Ewa Pora, Dorota Kawałko, Paweł Jezierski, and Bernard Gałka. "Comparison of Total Content of Zinc and Arsenic in Soils of Średzka Upland and Wrocław Ice-Marginal Valley." Ochrona Srodowiska i Zasobów Naturalnych 25, no. 4 (December 10, 2014): 35–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/oszn-2014-0021.
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Abstract The aim of this study was to demonstrate that alluvial sediments of Wrocław ice-marginal Valley are characterized by higher con-centrations of metallic elements in relation to the adjacent areas of different soil cover genesis. Studies of zinc and arsenic content in soils were carried out in six municipalities of Średzki district. A total of 117 soil samples from arable land was collected: 80 from Średzka Upland and 37 from Wrocław ice-marginal Valley The process of accumulation of heavy metals in alluvial sediments in the Wocław ice-marginal Valley is so effective that, despite the heavier grain size composition of the soil cover immediately adjacent to Średzka Upland, zinc and arsenic concentrations are higher in the alluvial soils.
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Elahi, FE, MAU Mridha, and FM Aminuzzaman. "Role of AMF on plant growth, nutrient uptake, arsenic toxicity and chlorophyll content of chili grown in arsenic amended soil." Bangladesh Journal of Agricultural Research 37, no. 4 (April 2, 2013): 635–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v37i4.14388.
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Mycorrhizal fungi have their most significant effect on plant growth and have shown to reduce arsenic contamination to chili. The present experiment was carried out to determine the influence of AMF inoculation on plant growth, nutrient uptake, arsenic toxicity, and chlorophyll content of chili grown in arsenic amended soil. Chili was grown in arsenic amended soils with or without mycorrhizal inoculation. Three levels of arsenic concentrations (10 ppm, 100 ppm, and 500 ppm) were used. The seed germination was affected more by the two treatment variables. Root length, shoot height, root fresh weight, shoot fresh weight, root dry weight, shoot dry weight were higher in AMF inoculated plants in comparison to their respective treatments and decreased significantly with the increase rate of arsenic concentrations. Less arsenic content, higher chlorophyll, and nutrient uptake were recorded in mycorrhiza inoculated chili plants. The present findings indicated that AMP inoculation not only minimize arsenic toxicity, but also can increase growth and nutrient uptake of chili. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v37i4.14388 Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 37(4): 635-644, December 2012
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Xue, Hongqin, Weijie Xie, Hafiz Ahmad, Kamal Tawfiq, and Gang Chen. "ARSENIC ADSORPTION AND REDUCTION IN IRON-RICH SOILS NEARBY LANDFILLS IN NORTHWEST FLORIDA." Journal of Urban and Environmental Engineering 10, no. 1 (August 23, 2016): 98–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.4090/juee.2016.v10n1.098105.
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In Florida, soils are mainly composed of Myakka, an acid soil characterized by a subsurface accumulation of humus and Al(III) and Fe(III) oxides. Downgradient of the landfills in Northwest Florida, elevated levels of iron and arsenic observations had been made in the groundwater from monitoring wells, which was attributed to the geomicrobial iron and arsenic reduction. There is thus an immediate research need for a better understanding of the reduction reactions that are responsible for the mobilization of iron and arsenic in the subsurface soil nearby landfills. Owing to the high Fe(III) oxide content, As(V) adsorption reactions with Fe(III) oxide surfaces are particularly important, which may control As(V) reduction. This research focused on the investigation of the biogeochemical processes of the subsurface soil nearby landfills of Northwest Florida. Arsenic and iron reduction was studied in batch reactors and quantified based on Monod-type microbial kinetic growth simulations. As(V) adsorption in iron-rich Northwest Floridian soils was further investigated to explain the reduction observations. It was demonstrated in this research that solubilization of arsenic in the subsurface soil nearby landfills in Northwest Florida would likely occur under conditions favoring Fe(III) dissimilatory reduction.
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Xue, Hongqin, Weijie Xie, Hafiz Ahmad, Kamal Tawfiq, and Gang Chen. "ARSENIC ADSORPTION AND REDUCTION IN IRON-RICH SOILS NEARBY LANDFILLS IN NORTHWEST FLORIDA." Journal of Urban and Environmental Engineering 10, no. 1 (August 23, 2016): 98–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.4090/juee.2016.v10n1.98-105.
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In Florida, soils are mainly composed of Myakka, an acid soil characterized by a subsurface accumulation of humus and Al(III) and Fe(III) oxides. Downgradient of the landfills in Northwest Florida, elevated levels of iron and arsenic observations had been made in the groundwater from monitoring wells, which was attributed to the geomicrobial iron and arsenic reduction. There is thus an immediate research need for a better understanding of the reduction reactions that are responsible for the mobilization of iron and arsenic in the subsurface soil nearby landfills. Owing to the high Fe(III) oxide content, As(V) adsorption reactions with Fe(III) oxide surfaces are particularly important, which may control As(V) reduction. This research focused on the investigation of the biogeochemical processes of the subsurface soil nearby landfills of Northwest Florida. Arsenic and iron reduction was studied in batch reactors and quantified based on Monod-type microbial kinetic growth simulations. As(V) adsorption in iron-rich Northwest Floridian soils was further investigated to explain the reduction observations. It was demonstrated in this research that solubilization of arsenic in the subsurface soil nearby landfills in Northwest Florida would likely occur under conditions favoring Fe(III) dissimilatory reduction.
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Akter, Sanjida, Golum Kibria Muhammad Mustafizur Rahman, Mirza Hasanuzzaman, Zakaria Alam, Toshihiro Watanabe, and Tofazzal Islam. "Zerovalent Iron Modulates the Influence of Arsenic-Contaminated Soil on Growth, Yield and Grain Quality of Rice." Stresses 1, no. 2 (April 28, 2021): 90–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/stresses1020008.
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This study aimed to investigate the effects of zerovalent iron (ZVI/Fe0) on growth, yield and grain quality of rice (Oryza sativa L.) cv. BRRI dhan49 in arsenic (As)-contaminated soils. The pot experiment was arranged in a complete randomized design (CRD). The treatments on rice applied were As in soils at As0 (0 mg kg−1), As20 (20 mg kg−1), and As40 (40 mg kg−1) with a combination of ZVI at ZVI0 (0%), ZVI0.5 (0.5%), ZVI1.0 (1.0%), and ZVI1.5 (1.5%) with three replications. Contents of phosphorus (P), potassium (K), manganese (Mn), zinc (Zn), iron (Fe), and As in grains of rice; and Fe and As content in cultivated soils were determined. The application of ZVI had negative or no effect on shoot weight, tiller number, and grain yield. Although application of ZVI had little or no effect on thousand grain weight, P, K, Zn, and Mn of rice grains, Fe content in rice grains was increased by ZVI treatments in a dose-dependent manner. The grain As content was non-significantly reduced by the ZVI application. Soil bacterial population was negatively influenced by the ZVI in a dose-dependent manner which might be linked with As content in the soils. Therefore, a further elaborative study is needed to elucidate the mechanisms of the effects of ZVI and soil As on rice and rhizosphere soil microorganisms.
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Nakiguli, Caroline Kiwanuka, Timothy Omara, and Emmanuel Ntambi. "Effects of sewage sludge biosolid amendments on the potential of maize (Zea mays L.) in phytoremediation of trace metals in chromated copper arsenate contaminated soils." French-Ukrainian Journal of Chemistry 8, no. 2 (2020): 113–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/fujcv8i2p113-125.
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The effect of sewage sludge amendment (5-25% w/w) on the potential of maize (MM3 variety) to phytoextract trace metals from chromated copper arsenate (CCA) contaminated soils was investigated. The metal content of fresh soils, and soils, maize roots and shoots after 80 days of planting were determined by atomic absorption spectroscopy. The concentrations of chromium, copper and arsenic in fresh CCA soils were 365.8 ± 6.18, 109.72 ± 14.04 and 28.22 ± 3.8 mg/kg respectively. The MM3 maize variety could be used to phytoextract or phytostabilize the trace metals in the CCA contaminated soils without or with 5-25% sewage sludge amendment.
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Tufo, Ana E., María dos Santos Afonso, and Elsa E. Sileo. "Arsenic adsorption onto aluminium-substituted goethite." Environmental Chemistry 13, no. 5 (2016): 838. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/en15154.
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Environmental contextGoethite, commonly found in soils, is often partially substituted by Al and strongly influences the mobility of arsenic in the environment. The adsorption of AsV onto goethites with increasing Al substitution was explored, finding that Al incorporation decreases AsV sorption per gram of adsorbent, and that a low level of Al incorporation enhances the adsorption per unit area. Structures of the complexes formed between AsV and the oxy(hydr)oxide surface, at different pH values, are proposed by studying the changes in the surface charges of the adsorbed and non-adsorbed substituted and non-substituted goethites. AbstractAluminium and iron oxy(hydr)oxides in nature are often partially substituted by other elements and strongly influence the mobility of arsenic in the environment. Because goethite is commonly found in soils, and the oxide is easily substituted, in the present work, the adsorption of AsV onto several Al-substituted goethites was explored in order to determine how substitution affects the adsorption process. Three samples with increasing Al content (GAl0, GAl3.78 and GAl7.61) were prepared and fully characterised. The variations in AsV adsorption under different conditions, as well as the variations of the particle surface charge, were analysed. The results showed that the removal capacity of Al-goethites is determined by the Al content. The adsorption maxima per gram followed the trend GAl0> GAl3.78> GAl7.61, indicating that Al incorporation decreases AsV sorption. Adsorption per surface area decreased in the order GAl3.78> GAl0> GAl7.61, implying that a small incorporation of Al enhances the adsorption properties of the surface. The stoichiometry of the probable surface complexes formed with the contaminant at different pH values is proposed, by analysis of all the experimental results obtained before and after AsV adsorption. These surface complexes were used to fit the experimental data with good agreement, and the formation and acidity constants were also estimated.
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Samusik, Elena A., and Sergey E. Golovatyi. "HEAVY METALS IN SOILS AND WHEAT PLANTS IN THE AREA OF INFLUENCE OF A BUILDING MATERIALS ENTERPRISE." Journal of the Belarusian State University. Ecology., no. 4 (December 25, 2021): 76–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.46646/2521-683x/2021-4-76-88.
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Studies of sod-podzolic soils of forest and agricultural lands in the zone of impact of the enterprise for the production of building materials have shown that gas and dust emissions significantly affect the content of heavy metals in soils. The assessment of the content of gross forms of heavy metals in sod-podzolic soils of forest and agricultural lands adjacent to the territory of JSC «Krasnoselskstroymaterialy» showed widespread soil contamination with cadmium, arsenic and zinc. Soil contamination of forest and agricultural lands with lead is fragmentary. The highest occurrence of samples with an excess of hygienic standards for soils of forest lands was established for gross forms of zinc, and for soils of agricultural lands - for gross forms of cadmium and arsenic. The assessment of mobile forms of metals revealed soil contamination mainly with zinc and lead. Soil contamination with cadmium is insignificant and is fragmentary. It should be noted that the sod-podzolic soils of agricultural lands in the north-eastern direction from the enterprise are characterized by a high level of contamination with mobile forms of zinc and lead. The studies did not reveal an excess of the maximum permissible safe levels of cadmium and lead content in wheat grain and straw, however, the maximum concentrations of these elements in plants of this crop were on average 25-60 % higher in some areas compared to those in control areas, which indicates the presence of local zones in which there is an increased accumulation of heavy metals in agricultural plants. In this regard, it is necessary to organize monitoring of the quality of crop production for the content of heavy metals in the zone of influence of JSC «Krasnoselskstroymaterialy».
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Selivanov, Oleg, and Anton Martsev. "School grounds soil contamination with heavy metals and arsenic compounds in the city of Vladimir." E3S Web of Conferences 244 (2021): 01011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202124401011.
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The article presents the content determining results of heavy metals and arsenic in sod-podzolic soils of the school grounds in Vladimir, Vladimir region. According to the accumulation indicator, the accumulation intensity of heavy metals and arsenic in these areas has been determined, which is decreasing in the series of Pb→As→Cu→Zn→Ni. The calculation of the pollutants hazard coefficient showed that their MPC excess decreases in the series of As→Zn→Pb→Cu→Ni. The soil pollution level has been assessed for the school grounds and their ecological situation has been evaluated applying the cumulative indicator of soil pollution with heavy metals and soil pollution index. The values of the soil pollution cumulative indicator of school territories indicate dangerous and moderately dangerous contamination level of the studied soils, and the calculated values of the soil pollution index refer these soils to the category of “contaminated” soils, which poses potential risks for the schoolchildren health.
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Kondratjeva, O. S., M. F. Ismagilov, T. V. Matveeva, and I. Z. Saitgaleev. "To the question of multiple sclerosis epidemiology on the territory of the Republic of Tatarstan." Neurology Bulletin XXXIV, no. 3-4 (September 15, 2002): 12–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/nb89865.
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The results had been given (spread, incidence and invalidization) of comparative analysis of multiple sclerosis for the last three years (19992001) in the Republic of Tatarstan. High indices of spread and incidence (more than 30 per 100 000 people) were revealed in those regions, which soils represent themselves geochemical anomalies (with the increased content of arsenic, mercury and decreased content of zync).
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Tlustoš, P., W. Gössler, J. Száková, D. Pavlíková, and J. Balík. "Arsenic compounds in the leaves and roots of radish grown in three soils treated by dimethylarsinic acid." Plant, Soil and Environment 50, No. 12 (December 10, 2011): 540–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/4071-pse.
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The effect of dimethylarsinic acid (DMA) on the growth of radish and the content of As compounds in roots and leaves of the radish were investigated. Radish was grown in pots in three soils (Fluvisols, Chernozems and Luvisols) amended with 20 mg As/kg of soil in form of DMA. Behavior and transformations of DMA in the soils differed depending on the individual soil type. In the first season, plants grew up at Luvisols only. In the second season the plants were able to grow at Luvisols and Chernozems, too. The roots and leaves of radish from Luvisols had DMA as the dominant arsenic compound present (~ 90% in the extract) in the first season. In the roots of the subsequently growing radish DMA accounted for 20% and arsenite for most of the total arsenic in the extract. In the leaves of the second-crop of radish DMA remained the dominant arsenic compound (~ 60% in the extract) with arsenate and arsenite for the remaining 40%. Roots and leaves of radish grown in Chernozems and Luvisols had a similar pattern of arsenic compounds. Soil properties significantly affected transformation of As species in the soils. At Fluvisols was the lowest As immobilization and about 98% was found as DMA after two years of experiments in the other two soils was higher As immobilization and DMA was recovered to inorganic As (V) – 31% in Luvisols and 78% in Chernozems.
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Li, Yan Mei, Xiao Yong Zhou, and Jun Yang. "Investigation on Soil Physiochemical Properties and Heavy Metal Contamination Characteristics in Two Types of Sites." Applied Mechanics and Materials 665 (October 2014): 547–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.665.547.
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We investigated soil physiochemical properties and heavy metal contamination characteristics in steel and chemical sites, aimed to provide theoretical basis for future site remediation. Results indicated that: soils in both sites showed sandy and alkaline trend. Soil total phosphorus, total potassium, and available nitrogen content in steel site, and total and available nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content in chemical site were lower than that in farmland soil. Soil lead and zinc contamination in steel site and soil arsenic contamination in chemical site should be given priority in remediation. In addition, cadmium and arsenic risk in steel site and mercury risk in chemical site should also be paid sufficient attention.
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Zhou, Ting, Jian Mei Zhou, Li Ming Zhou, Wen Li Zhang, Li Juan You, Xin Ming Wang, and Jia Yin Cao. "Conversion and Species Distribution Characteristics of Arsenical Chemical Agent in the Soil Contaminated by Chemical Weapons Abandoned by Japan." Advanced Materials Research 955-959 (June 2014): 1194–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.955-959.1194.
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In order to phytoremediation the soils contaminated by arsenical chemical weapons abandoned by Japan at some region of Jilin Province and ready for the estimate of the ecological safety, this paper analyzed organic species in soil with GC-MS, disscussed extraction and testing of inorganic arsenic in soil with hydrochloric acid, studied species of arsenic in soil such as available forms, valence state, and combined state, and inferred conversion process of arsenical chemical agent. The results indicate that after simple destroying and long time burial, almost all arsenical chemical agents in soil at this region are converted into inorganic arsenic due to explosion, burning, natural oxidation and microorganism, which primarily exists as As (V). Organic arsenic was only detected at where shells were buried (destroyed), in leaded shells and contaminated soil, with its content 3.65%~32.03%; Organic arsenic content of soil in other part is less than 10%. In contaminated soil of this region, water soluble arsenic and available arsenic extracted from disodium hydrogen phosphate take 0.81~2.58% and 7.49~15.96% of total arsenic respectively. Exchangeable As and binding As (Al-As, Fe-As, reducible As and Ca-As) take 40% of total arsenic, residual As takes 49.38~66.43%. The results may be used as basis for determining remedy methods and assessing ecological safety at this region.
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Ansari, Mohd Kafeel Ahmed, Munir Hussain Zia, Altaf Ahmad, Ibrahim Mohammed Aref, Tasneem Fatma, Muhammad Iqbal, and Gary Owens. "Status of antioxidant defense system for detoxification of arsenic in Brassica juncea (L.)." Ecoprint: An International Journal of Ecology 22 (September 22, 2016): 7–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/eco.v22i0.15466.
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The content of arsenic (As), a naturally occurring toxic element found in soils worldwide, has gone substantially high in agricultural soils due to various anthropogenic activities. The responses of seed germination, seedling growth, photosynthetic pigments and the components of the ascorbateglutathione (AsA-GSH) pathway were analyzed in Indian mustard [Brassica juncea (L.) Czern.] cultivar Pusa Jai Kisan, treated with 0, 5, 10, 25 and 50 μM As concentrations in a hydroponic system. While a significant increment in lipid peroxidation and H2O2 generation was observed at higher concentrations after 2 and 5 days of stress imposition. Significant increases were also observed in superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and glutathione reductase (GR) activities under the influence of 25 and 50 μM As concentrations after 2 and 5 d stress impositions. There was a steep increase in the ascorbic acid (AsA) content between 2 and 5 d after As treatment, while glutathione (GSH) content increased significantly after 5-d-exposure. Accumulation of As was more in shoot than in root. This study clearly demonstrated that high concentration (50 μM) of As inhibited growth and caused oxidative stress and that the AsA-GSH pathway has an important role in cellular defense against As in Brassica juncea (L.).ECOPRINT 22: 7-19, 2015
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Dyakova, Nina A. "Peculiarities of accumulation of heavy metals and arsenic in medicinal plant raw materials of plain thousand, collected in urban and agribiocenoses of the Voronezh region." RUDN Journal of Ecology and Life Safety 28, no. 3 (December 15, 2020): 213–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2313-2310-2020-28-3-213-224.
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The Voronezh region is traditionally the most important area of crop production and farming. The purpose of the study was to study contamination by heavy metals and arsenic of medicinal vegetable raw materials of the Voronezh region on the example of plain thousand-year-old grass collected in urban and agro-ecological systems with different anthropogenic effects. The study was carried out by atomic absorption spectrometry on the basis of atomic absorption spectrometer MGA-915MD pharmacopoeia methods, accumulation of heavy metals (lead, mercury, cadmium, nickel, copper, zinc, cobalt, chromium) and arsenic was studied in 51 samples of large planter leaves. Comparing the data on heavy metal content in the upper soil layers of the region and the content of these elements in the grass of the common thousand, it can be argued that there are significant physiological barriers to the accumulation of ecotoxicants in the plant, which is particularly noticeable for elements such as lead, mercury, arsenic, cadmium, cobalt and chromium. The thousand-year-old is able to selectively concentrate some heavy metals entering the active centers of enzyme systems (such as copper and zinc, for example) if their environmental content is below some vital level; With significant content of these elements in soils, the plant also physiologically blocked their entry into the above-ground part of the plant. The results of studies have shown that plain thousand grass is able to accumulate toxic elements from soils in a significant amount, which is important in planning the places of production of medicinal vegetable raw materials and assessing its quality.
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Dyakova, Nina Alekseevna. "Accumulation of heavy metals and arsenic in grass Leonurus quinquelobatum Gilib." Bulletin of Nizhnevartovsk State University, no. 2 (54) (June 20, 2021): 48–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.36906/2311-4444/21-2/06.
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The Voronezh region is traditionally the most important area of crop production and farming. The purpose of the study was to study the contamination by heavy metals of medicinal vegetable raw materials of the Voronezh region on the example of the grass of the five-plant desert collected in urban and agro-ecological systems, which experience different anthropogenic effects. The accumulations of heavy metals (lead, mercury, cadmium, nickel, copper, zinc, cobalt, chromium) and arsenic were studied, in 51 samples of five-layer desert grass. Comparing the data on heavy metal content in the upper soil layers of the region and the content of these elements in the grass of the five-layer desert, it can be assumed that there are significant physiological barriers to the accumulation of ecotoxicants in the generative organs of the plant, which is particularly noticeable for elements such as lead, mercury, arsenic, cadmium, cobalt and chromium. The five-point desert is able to selectively concentrate some heavy metals entering the active centers of enzyme systems (such as copper and zinc) if their environmental content is below some vital level; With a significant content of these elements in soils, the plant also physiologically blocked their entry into the leaves. Thus, for a five-layer desert under anthropogenic load conditions, an edaphotype is formed as a result of the action of selection under conditions of man-made pollution of the external environment and the manifestation of adaptation to these conditions. The results of studies have shown that the grass of the five-plant desert is able to accumulate toxic elements from soils, which is important in planning the places of production of medicinal vegetable raw materials and assessing its quality.
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Várallyay, Szilvia, Diána Szilva, Áron Soós, and Béla Kovács. "Comparative analysis of sample preparation methods to determine the concentration of arsenic in soil- and plant-samples." Acta Agraria Debreceniensis, no. 69 (March 23, 2016): 167–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.34101/actaagrar/69/1807.
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Arsenic contamination of the fields and groundwater is a global problem. Alföld is the most affected area in Hungary. Irrigation witharsenic contaminated water, and crop production on the contaminated soil can cause a food safety problem, because arsenic is easy taken up by the cell of the plant roots. To prevent this, very important to monitoring the arsenic content of soils and plants. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) is a fast, easy method to determined the concentration of minerals in the case of plant and soil samples The analytical methods can give reliable, results if the analytical process, including the sample preparation method, is the best. The objective of this study was to compare 3 type of sample preparation method which was dry ashing, wet digestion in open system, and microwave digestion. As a result of our experiement shows the microwave digestion is the appropriate method to determined the arsenic content of soil samples. In the case of plant samples we can use wet digestion in open system or microwave digestion as a samle preparation method.
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Fontes, Maurício P. F., Cecília C. Almeida, Adriana C. Dias, Sandro M. Caires, and Guilherme F. Rosa. "Arsenic in Soils: Natural Concentration and Adsorption by Oxisols Developed From Different Lithologies." Journal of Agricultural Science 11, no. 6 (May 15, 2019): 260. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jas.v11n6p260.
Full textAbstract:
Arsenic (As) is a toxic and a carcinogenic element naturally occurring in the environment. Therefore, studies on As natural concentration in soils and its adsorption process are important tools for the evaluation of potential risks of soil contamination in order to adoption of control actions or monitoring of potential As-contamination sources. The objective of this study was to evaluate the natural levels of As and determine the maximum adsorption capacity of As (MACAs) of six Oxisols (Latossolos) of Minas Gerais State, Brazil, developed from different lithologies. The soil sample’s total As content was determined using the USEPA 3051A method. The adsorption experiments were performed using different As concentrations, and the MACAs was measured by the Langmuir isotherm. On average, the natural As content in Oxisols was 13.13 mg kg-1, which is above the reference value of soil quality (RVQ) for As, in Brazil (8 mg kg-1). The levels of As in Oxisols originated from metamorphic/igneous rocks were significantly higher than those of Oxisols from sedimentary rocks. Globally, the evaluated soils showed a mean MACAs equal to 2,548 mg kg-1. Soil horizon Bw showed a higher MACAs than that of A horizon. In general, the levels of clay, iron oxides, iron forms (especially poorly-crystallized) and organic carbon had a positive influence on MACAs. Although the RVQ for As is well below the MACAs in all soils, the soil adsorbed As naturally present, rendering it unavailable in the soil aqueous phase. Therefore, there was no risk of contamination for human health.
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Beesley, Luke, Eduardo Moreno-Jiménez, Phil Jenn, and Nicholas W. Lepp. "Carbon and Metal(loid)s in Parkland and Road Verge Surface Soils in the City of Liverpool, UK." Agronomy 10, no. 3 (March 2, 2020): 335. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10030335.
Full textAbstract:
Urban soils are at the interface between land and people and provide a wide variety of important ecosystem services to highly populous areas. The aims of this soil survey were (1) to measure the bulk density, carbon (C) storage and pH of surface soils (0–15 cm depth) from public spaces (parks and road verges) in the city of Liverpool, UK, and (2) to determine the likely impact of these master variables on heavy metal concentrations (As, Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn). The bulk densities and organic matter contents varied considerably in the predominantly sandy textured soils within the city boundary, resulting in diverse C densities from 1–10 kg C m2. Organic carbon formed the majority of the labile, water-soluble and extractable C pool in these soils, a fact not easily elucidated from their organic matter or C content alone. The copper and lead concentrations in the sampled soils were correlated with organic matter and organic carbon in water-extracts. Cadmium and zinc appeared to be dependent only on soil pH, whilst arsenic was related positively to organic matter, but negatively to pH. Interrelationships, and hence synonymous distributions, of all metal(loid)s existed, but were strongest between Cu and As, and Cu and Pb. These results suggest that the diverse bulk densities, and hence carbon storage, of the urban soils surveyed influenced the dispersal of metals and arsenic.
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Vácha, R., H. Macurová, J. Skála, M. Havelková, J. Čechmánková, and V. Horváthová. "Possibilities of some methods for risk assessment of arsenic load in soils." Plant, Soil and Environment 54, No. 7 (July 17, 2008): 279–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/419-pse.
Full textAbstract:
The paper deals with the possibilities of arsenic analysis in the soil. The aim is the selection and verification of the methods for analysis of As in the soil, which seem to be suitable for risk evaluation based on the increased As soil load. Economical and analytical availability of the methods is an important criterion. A sample set of 6 heavily contaminated soils was used to compare application potential of prevalent as well as less common procedures for determination of arsenic forms in soils. The results showed that substitution of analytically more demanding As total content analysis and sequential analysis for simple extraction using one-off agents seemed to be promising in many cases. The comparison and evaluation of statistical correlation of used methods of As analysis in the soil was realised. The results suggested that using the combination of simple 1M NH<sub>4</sub>NO<sub>3</sub> extraction and determination procedure for amorphous Fe forms in the soil (the Tamm method) was suitable for the risk assessment stemming from the As contamination without necessity of the application of more complicated sequential extraction procedures.