Academic literature on the topic 'Soils – Arsenic content – Vermont'
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Journal articles on the topic "Soils – Arsenic content – Vermont"
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Machado, Matheus Rodrigo, David José Miquelluti, and Mari Lucia Campos. "Arsenic in Santa Catarina soils." Ambiente e Agua - An Interdisciplinary Journal of Applied Science 16, no. 5 (October 6, 2021): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4136/ambi-agua.2720.
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Arsenic (As) is one of the most harmful chemical elements known to man and to the environment, mainly due its high toxicity and wide distribution; the content of this element within the soils is a genuine concern, thus making it paramount to know its natural contents in a regional context. The present study aimed to determine the natural Arsenic content in the A horizon of 31 soil profiles from the state of Santa Catarina, Brazil, which is useful in determining reference values, monitoring, remediation of contaminated areas, legal regulation and Brazilian laws. Soil samples were prepared following the USPEA 3051A SW-846 method and were previously chemically reduced from As(V) to AS(III) by using the BCR method. The determination was performed in an Inductively Coupled Plasma - Optical Emission Spectrometry - Hydride Generation (ICP-OES-HG at cold vapor). Results obtained from the soil groups reveal the materials of basaltic origins as the ones with more As content while those of sediment origins had lesser content. Evaluated soil profiles fit into the following descending order regarding their As content: Latossolos, according to EMBRAPA (Oxisols according to Soil Taxonomy) > Nitossolo (Ultisols, Oxisols (Kandic), Alfisols) > Chernossolos (---) = Cambissolo (Inceptisols) = Argissolo (Ultisols) > Neossolos (Entisols).
Keywords: arsenic content, reference value, soils, trace element.
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Kobza, Jozef. "Arsenic in Agricultural Soils of Slovakia." Polish Journal of Soil Science 54, no. 1 (June 29, 2021): 89. http://dx.doi.org/10.17951/pjss.2021.54.1.89-101.
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<p>The article presents the current distribution of arsenic in agricultural soils of Slovakia. The current concentration of arsenic (extracted with <em>aqua regia</em>) was measured and evaluated based on 318 monitoring sites of national soil monitoring system in Slovakia. Based on the obtained results, one can state that the average content of arsenic is lower than the valid hygienic limit for arsenic (25 mg.kg-1) for predominated sandy-loamy and loamy soils in Slovakia. Increased values of arsenic were determined only for the Horná – Upper Nitra region (anthropogenic impact) – 24.5 mg.kg-1 and for the Stredný – Central Spiš region (mixed anthrophogenic and geogenic impact) – 129.5 mg.kg-1. These regions belong to the most arsenic-affected regions in Slovakia, where the content of bioavailable forms of arsenic is also increased in the range of 0.013–0.997 mg.kg-1. The hygienic limit for bioavailable arsenic in soils of Slovakia is 0.4 mg.kg-1. Finally, there is a serious risk of arsenic transport from soil into the plants and food chain especially in case of acid soils. A higher risk of As presence seems to be in anthropogenically affected soils.</p>
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Li, Lian Fang, Xi Bai Zeng, Shi Ming Su, Cui Xia Wu, and Ya Lan Wang. "Arsenic Content and the Bioavailability in Farmland Soils Affected by Mining Activities of a Realgar Ore, South China." Advanced Materials Research 955-959 (June 2014): 3645–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.955-959.3645.
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Investigation on arsenic (As) accumulation in soil and agricultural products collected from the areas influenced by mine tailings and spoils around Shimen realgar mine, Hunan province, China, was carried out in this study. Water solubility, fractionation and bioavailability of As were determined as well to understand the environmental risk of arsenic releasing from farmland to water system this region. The results indicated that total soil arsenic concentrations varied from 18.9 to 932mg kg-1and the highest arsenic concentration exceeding 500mg kg-1in soils occurred only within 500m from these arsenic sources, and relatively low content (<40 mg="" kg="" sup="">-1) appeared in the areas far away (>3000m) from the pollution source. Arsenic content in dryland soils decreased with the distance from the mining arsenic ore, tailings and heaps increased. Through sequential extraction procedure (SEP), it was verified that the least arsenic amount occurred for exchangeable fraction with the percentage of 1.1%, then the organically bound fraction (1.6%), and much of the arsenic in the soils was associated with relatively immobile solid phases as residual fraction ranging from 87.5% to 93.3%. The fraction of mobile species, which potentially is harmful to the environment, was found to be higher in the soils with more AsT (total arsenic) content. Through statistical analysis, it was found out that arsenic content in plants was significantly correlated (R2=0.202;P<0.01) with exchangeable As among these five As fractions in soils. Comparing extracted arsenic content in soils using distilled water (H2O-As), muriatic acid (HCl-As) and ammonium chloride (NH4Cl-As), better positive relationship occurred significantly (R2=0.226;P<0.01) between NH4Cl-As and arsenic in plant, indicating the bioavailability was most closely related to NH4Cl-As rather than total As and other chemical solvents for extracting arsenic from soil.
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Gersztyn, Leszek, Anna Karczewska, and Bernard Gałka. "Influence of pH on the solubility of arsenic in heavily contaminated soils / Wpływ pH na rozpuszczalność arsenu w glebach silnie zanieczyszczonych." Ochrona Srodowiska i Zasobów Naturalnych 24, no. 3 (September 1, 2013): 7–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/oszn-2013-0031.
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Abstract The aim of this study was to determine the impact of pH on arsenic solubility in soils heavily contaminated by the former arsenic industry. For the purpose of the study, three soil samples were collected from the area affected by ore processing in Złoty Stok. Soils differed in initial pH, calcium carbonate content, organic matter content and total arsenic concentration. The amounts of arsenic released from soils at various pH were measured using extraction tests, where soil samples were shaken with various doses of HCl and NaOH in the presence of 0.01 mol • dm−3 CaCl2 as the background solution. Arsenic solubility in soils was considerably low at neutral or slightly acidic pH and increased considerably in both strongly acidic and alkaline conditions. The importance of these effects for environmental risk was discussed.
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de Menezes, Michele Duarte, Fábio Henrique Alves Bispo, Wilson Missina Faria, Mariana Gabriele Marcolino Gonçalves, Nilton Curi, and Luiz Roberto Guimarães Guilherme. "Modeling arsenic content in Brazilian soils: What is relevant?" Science of The Total Environment 712 (April 2020): 136511. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.136511.
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Kowalska, Joanna, Jerzy Golimowski, and Ewa Kazimierska. "Determination of Total and Mobile Arsenic Content in Soils." Electroanalysis 13, no. 10 (June 2001): 872–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1521-4109(200106)13:10<872::aid-elan872>3.0.co;2-f.
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Alam, M. B., and M. A. Sattar. "Assessment of arsenic contamination in soils and waters in some areas of Bangladesh." Water Science and Technology 42, no. 7-8 (October 1, 2000): 185–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2000.0568.
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The soil samples and tubewell waters were collected from 25 locations representing five thanas of four districts of Bangladesh. The soils were collected from three depths viz. 0–15, 15–30 and 30–45 cm and tubewell waters were collected from same locations. The arsenic content of soils and waters were detected by Molybdenum blue method. The arsenic content in soils ranged from 1.27–56.68, 3.18–54.77, 1.27–50.95, 1.27–39.48 and 3.18–35.66 ppm in Chapainawabganj Sadar, Kustia Sadar, Bera, Ishurdi and Sarishabari thanas, respectively. Out of a total of 25 samples arsenic was detectable for 18 samples at 0–15 cm, 17 samples at 15–30 cm and 15 samples at 30–45 cm depth. One sample at 0–15 cm, 7 samples at 15–30 cm and 4 samples at 30–45 cm depth were found to be slightly contaminated. In tubewell water the arsenic content measured from Chapainawabganj Sadar, Kustia Sadar, Bera, Ishurdi and Sarishabari thanas were ranged 0.010–0.056, 0.010–0.071, 0.010–0.056, 0.010–0.056 and 0.025–0.071 ppm, respectively. Out of 25 water samples 17 contained variable amounts of arsenic where 6 sampling sites contained arsenic levels above 0.05 ppm, and these sites are Rajarampur of Chapainawabganj Sadar thana, Jordaha of Bera thana, Courtpara of Kustia Sadar thana, Nalgari of Ishurdi thana and Ijarapara of Sarisabari thana. Arsenic contained in soils was positively correlated with arsenic content in waters.
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Gu, Qing Bao, Chang Sheng Peng, Qian Zhang, and Fa Sheng Li. "Growth Effect and Accumulation of as on / in Two Vegetables in Three Types of Chinese Soil." Advanced Materials Research 347-353 (October 2011): 2048–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.347-353.2048.
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Greenhouse trials with brassica camprestris (BC) and raphanns sativns (RS) grown in three types of Chinese soils (Henan fluvo-aquic soil; Jilin black soil; and Hunan red soil) were conducted to evaluate the growth effect and accumulation of As on/in vegetables resulting from different arsenic contents in soils. The arsenic uptake rate of the vegetables response to type of soils and investigated plant species as well. Experimental results show that low arsenic content in soil has no effect on vegetable growth, but promote the biomass of vegetables. However, higher arsenic concentrations in soils lead to decrease in growth of both leaf- and root systems of the vegetables, especially when arsenic concentration is above 90 mg kg-1 in the soil. Arsenic levels in soils and vegetables correlated positively according to the experimental results. The tests also reveal that vegetables grown in alkali soils may accumulate more arsenic than that in acid soils, which suggests that arsenic in different types of soil may have different impacts on vegetables even with the same concentration. Arsenic concentration in RS is always higher than that in BC during the experiments, which indicates root vegetables may, have greater ability for arsenic uptake from soil than leafy vegetables potentially.
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Zhu, Zongqiang, Shuai Zhou, Xiaobin Zhou, Shengpeng Mo, Yinian Zhu, Lihao Zhang, Shen Tang, Zhanqiang Fang, and Yinming Fan. "Effective Remediation of Arsenic-Contaminated Soils by EK-PRB of Fe/Mn/C-LDH: Performance, Characteristics, and Mechanism." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 7 (April 6, 2022): 4389. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19074389.
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Arsenic is highly toxic and carcinogenic. The aim of the present work is to develop a good remediation technique for arsenic-contaminated soils. Here, a novel remediation technique by coupling electrokinetics (EK) with the permeable reactive barriers (PRB) of Fe/Mn/C-LDH composite was applied for the remediation of arsenic-contaminated soils. The influences of electric field strength, PRB position, moisture content and PRB filler type on the removal rate of arsenic from the contaminated soils were studied. The Fe/Mn/C-LDH filler synthesized by using bamboo as a template retained the porous characteristics of the original bamboo, and the mass percentage of Fe and Mn elements was 37.85%. The setting of PRB of Fe/Mn/C-LDH placed in the middle was a feasible option, with the maximum and average soil leaching toxicity removal rates of 95.71% and 88.03%, respectively. When the electric field strength was 2 V/cm, both the arsenic removal rate and economic aspects were optimal. The maximum and average soil leaching toxicity removal rates were similar to 98.40% and 84.49% of 3 V/cm, respectively. Besides, the soil moisture content had negligible effect on the removal of arsenic but slight effect on leaching toxicity. The best leaching toxicity removal rate was achieved when the soil moisture content was 35%, neither higher nor lower moisture content in the range of 25–45% was conducive to the improvement of leaching toxicity removal rate. The results showed that the EK-PRB technique could effectively remove arsenic from the contaminated soils. Characterizations of Fe/Mn/C-LDH indicated that the electrostatic adsorption, ion exchange, and surface functional group complexation were the primary ways to remove arsenic.
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Karavaeva, Tatiana, Elena Menshikova, Pavel Belkin, and Vyacheslav Zhdakaev. "Features of Arsenic Distribution in the Soils of Potash Mines." Minerals 12, no. 8 (August 16, 2022): 1029. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min12081029.
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The purpose of the present study is to analyse the distribution of arsenic in the soils of the Verkhnekamskoe potassium salt deposit (Perm Krai, Russia). The danger of arsenic pollution is determined by its high toxicity and carcinogenic hazard. Being a technophilic element, arsenic enters the environment primarily as a result of mining activities. Mining and processing sites for arsenic-containing ores are the most prone to technophilic arsenic accumulation. Solid wastes from potash production also contain elevated concentrations of arsenic. The content of arsenic in soils was determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Statistical methods were used to analyse the features of arsenic distribution in soils of background areas and potash mining areas near production facilities. Three types of landscapes were studied within each territory, which were each distinguished by the leading processes of substance migration. Arsenic concentrations in both the background areas and the potash mining territories vary considerably, ranging from n × 10−1 to n × 10. The study found no statistically significant differences in arsenic concentrations in soils of potash mining areas and background areas. Arsenic concentrations in soils from various types of landscapes also do not differ statistically. Arsenic concentrations in soils of saline areas were found to be higher than in the rest of the territories. Outside of saline areas, the identified patterns of arsenic distribution in the soils of the Verkhnekamskoe potassium salt deposit indicate that potash operations are not a determinant in the technophilic accumulation of arsenic.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Soils – Arsenic content – Vermont"
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Mewett, John University of Ballarat. "Electrokinetic remediation of arsenic contaminated soils." University of Ballarat, 2005. http://archimedes.ballarat.edu.au:8080/vital/access/HandleResolver/1959.17/12797.
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"Arsenic is a common soil contaminant in Australia and worldwide. There is a need to find safe, effective and economic methods to deal with this problem. The soils used in this research were collected from central Victoria. They were contaminated with arsenic by historic gold mining activity or by past sheep dipping practices. This research investigated ten different leaching agents for their effects on three different arsenic contaminated soils. [...] Electrokinetic experiments were conducted on three arsenic contaminated soils. [...] The arsenic in these soils appears to be relatively stable and immobile under oxidising conditions. The soils had a high iron content which assists in the stabilisation of arsenic. This is beneficial with respect to the environmental impact of the arsenic contamination, however, it remains an obstacle to low cost electrokinetic remediation."Masters of Applied Science
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Mewett, John. "Electrokinetic remediation of arsenic contaminated soils." University of Ballarat, 2005. http://archimedes.ballarat.edu.au:8080/vital/access/HandleResolver/1959.17/14633.
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"Arsenic is a common soil contaminant in Australia and worldwide. There is a need to find safe, effective and economic methods to deal with this problem. The soils used in this research were collected from central Victoria. They were contaminated with arsenic by historic gold mining activity or by past sheep dipping practices. This research investigated ten different leaching agents for their effects on three different arsenic contaminated soils. [...] Electrokinetic experiments were conducted on three arsenic contaminated soils. [...] The arsenic in these soils appears to be relatively stable and immobile under oxidising conditions. The soils had a high iron content which assists in the stabilisation of arsenic. This is beneficial with respect to the environmental impact of the arsenic contamination, however, it remains an obstacle to low cost electrokinetic remediation."Masters of Applied Science
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Ricker, Tracy Ryan. "Arsenic in the Soils of Northwest Oregon." PDXScholar, 2013. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/927.
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One hundred and eighty-six soil samples from Northwest Oregon were tested for arsenic content. The highest values measured were 13.9 ppm in the A horizon (site C4) and 20.4 ppm in the B horizon (Site P4). Arsenic was not detected in 28 A horizon samples and 23 B horizon samples. Data are grouped based on the age and rock type of underlying bedrock. Lithologic groups with six or more data points were compared statistically to ascertain if groups are distinct. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) multiple comparison tests indicate that the arsenic content of the Marine Sediments and Sedimentary Rocks group samples is distinguishable from the Quaternary Basalts group in the A horizon and all other groups in the B horizon. Kruskal-Wallis multiple comparison tests indicate that the arsenic content of the Marine Sediments and Sedimentary Rocks group is distinguishable from the Quaternary Basalts, Quaternary/ Tertiary Sediments and Sedimentary Rocks and Volcanic Sediments groups in both the A and B soil horizons. The ANOVA and Kruskal-Wallis tests compared A and B horizon data by lithologic group. The ANOVA shows the Marine Sediments and Sedimentary Rocks group in the A horizon is distinct from the Quaternary Basalts in the A and B horizon. The Kruskal-Wallis test yielded the same result. Per the ANOVA, the Marine Sediments and Sedimentary Rocks in the B horizon are distinct from all other tested groups. The Kruskal-Wallis test shows the Marine Sediments and Sedimentary Rocks group in the B horizon as distinct from the Quaternary Basalts, Quaternary/ Tertiary Sediments, and Volcanic Sediments groups in the A and B horizon. A K-means cluster analysis was used to group all available data independent of underlying bedrock. Three, four, and five group analyses were conducted, and the results of these tests were compared to the data grouped by underlying rock type. No correlation between the groups resulting from the K-means cluster analysis and groups based on underlying lithology was found. This analysis supports the creation of a map distinguishing arsenic content in the soils above Marine Sediments and Sedimentary Rocks group units from arsenic content in all other tested lithologic groups. The mean and standard deviations of these groups (in ppm) are: A horizon: Marine Sediments (6.09 ±2.66); other groups (3.10 ±3.19); B horizon: Marine Sediments (10.26 ±4.65); other groups (3.13, ±2.52). This analysis indicates that geologic context must be taken into account when determining background levels of naturally occurring arsenic in soils.
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Hurtado, Heather Ann. "Naturally Occurring Background Levels of Arsenic in the Soils of Southwestern Oregon." PDXScholar, 2015. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/2996.
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This study examines the natural background concentrations of arsenic in the soils of southwest Oregon, using new samples in addition to data collected from previous theses (Khandoker, 1997 and Douglas, 1999). The original 213 samples were run by ICP-AES with a reporting limit of 20 ppm, and only three samples had detected values. The original samples were tested again (2013) at a lower reporting limit of 0.2 ppm by ICP-MS, as were 42 new samples (2013), to better ascertain the natural levels of arsenic in undisturbed soils. The aim is to add to the existing DEQ data set, which has been used to establish new regulatory levels based on natural levels in the environment that are both safer and more economically viable than the former risk-based remediation levels (DEQ, 2013).
The maximum and mean concentrations, respectively, for each province (with high formation map unit) are 85.4 and 21.99 ppm for South Willamette Valley (Tfee), 45.4 and 5.42 ppm for the Klamath Mountains (Jub), 11.9 and 2.76 ppm for the Cascade Range (Tbaa), 10.6 and 5.15 ppm for the Coast Range (Ty), 2.32 and 1.29 ppm for the Basin and Range (Qba) and 1.5 and 1.20 ppm for the High Lava Plains (Tmv).
In addition, the distribution and variance of arsenic in the A and B soil horizons is assessed in this study by comparing deviation at a single site, and also by comparing A and B horizons of 119 PSU sites. One of 18 new sites sampled for this study (distinguished with the HH prefix), site HH11, was randomly chosen to evaluate differences at a single location. Site HH11 is an Inceptisol soil above volcanic rock (KJdv map unit) located at 275 meters elevation in Douglas County within the Klamath province. Five samples were taken from the A and from the B horizons at site HH11. The means and standard deviations were 3.74 ± 0.44 for the A horizon and 4.53 ± 0.39 for the B horizon. The consistency and low deviation within each horizon indicate that a single sample within a horizon is a good representative of that horizon and supports the field methodology used in this study of taking only one sample in the A horizon and one sample in the B horizon.
Wilcoxon Rank-Sum test determined that A and B horizons for the 119 sites that had data for both the A and B horizons were not statistically different (p-value 0.76). Arsenic concentration is not associated with a particular horizon for these sites. However, differentiation between soil horizons increases with age (Birkeland, 1999), as does accumulation of the iron oxides and sulfide minerals on clay surfaces (McLaren et al., 2006) which concentrate in the B horizon. These associations warrant further study to see how they relate to arsenic level, soil development and age in Oregon soils.
Lastly, this study statistically examines six potentially important environmental predictors of naturally occurring arsenic in southwestern Oregon: site elevation, geomorphic province, mapped rock type and age, and sample soil order and color (redness). A Classification and Regression Tree Model (CART) determined soil order, elevation and rock type to be of significant importance in determining arsenic concentrations in the natural environment. According to the regression tree, arsenic concentrations are greater within Alfisol and Ultisol/Alfisol and Vertisol soil orders, at lower elevations below 1,207 meters, and within soils from sedimentary, mixed volcanic/sedimentary and unconsolidated rock types.
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Edvantoro, Bagus Bina. "Bioavailability, toxicity and microbial volatilisation of arsenic in soils from cattle dip sites." Title page, Contents and Abstract only, 2000. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09A/09ae24.pdf.
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Ferreira, Gabriela Ribeiro de Sena. "Arsenic Mobilization from Silicic Volcanic Rocks in the Southern Willamette Valley." PDXScholar, 2016. http://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/2752.
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Volcanic tuffs and tuffaceous sediments are frequently associated with elevated As groundwater concentrations even though their bulk As contents (~ 5 mg kg-1; Savoie, 2013) are only marginally greater than the average crustal abundance of 4.8 mg g-1 (Rudnick & Gao, 2003). Thus, As mobilization must be facilitated by conditions particular to these rocks. Alkaline desorption, anionic competition, reactive glass dissolution, and reductive dissolution of iron oxides are proposed processes of As release from volcanic rocks. Geogenic As contamination of groundwater in the southern Willamette Valley in western Oregon has been well-documented since the early 1960s, and previous studies have identified the Little Butte Volcanics Series and Fisher and Eugene Formations as the source of As contamination.
This study examines 19 samples from 10 units of ash flow tuffs and tuffaceous sediments within the Fisher Formation and Little Butte Volcanics Series, representing a range of weathering and devitrification, to determine conditions of mobilization and mineralogical constraints that control As release into solution. Leachate studies were conducted over a range of pH from 7 to 11, phosphate concentrations from 10 μM to 100 mM, and in time series from 4 to 196 hours. Results demonstrate that silicic volcanic tuffs are capable of mobilizing As in concentrations above regulatory limits at pH conditions produced naturally by the tuffs (pH 8-9) or with moderate concentrations of P (10-100 μM). Alteration products, e.g. zeolites and clays, appear to be the primary host phases for mobile As. Samples that do not contain these alteration products tend to produce concentrations of As well below regulatory limits and often below the instrument detection limits of this study. The type of alteration may influence As mobilization: tuffs containing more clays tend to mobilize As through surficial desorption, and tuffs containing more zeolites tend to mobilize As by dissolution or formation of colloids. Additionally, one volcaniclastic sample demonstrates that extremely elevated concentrations of As, up to 1000 μg/L are possible as a result of oxidative dissolution of As-bearing sulfide phases.
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Huang, Tai-Hsiang, and 黃泰祥. "Using Soil Water Management to Decrease the Arsenic Content of Brown Rice Grown in the Two Arsenic Contaminated Soils." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/84135529787870868218.
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碩士國立臺灣大學
農業化學研究所
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Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is efficient to translocate arsenic to the grain. In the arsenic contaminated paddy field, arsenic is reduced and mobilized in the submerged condition. Thus, the potential risk of food safety increased when rice grown in the As-contaminated paddy soil. The solubility of arsenic is decreased in the aerobic soil condition while soil drainage is applied. The aims of the study are (1) to mitigate the arsenic concentration in the brown rice grown in two arsenic contaminated soils with soil water managements, and (2) to investigate the arsenic species in the brown rice under soil water managements. The pot experiment conducted with Er and Gd contaminated soil, and with five soil water managements including, (1) conventional treatment : drainage for one week at the rice maximum-tiller-number stage and keep water head at 3-5 cm depth to the flowering stage, and followed by intermittent irrigation; (2) aerobic before flowering treatment (A/F), keep soil aerobic condition before flowering stage, and then keep water head at 3-5 cm depth in the resting cultivation; (3) aerobic after flowering treatment (F/A), keep water head at 3-5 cm depth before flowering stage and then keep soil aerobic in the resting cultivation; (4) water saturated treatment, maintain the soil pore saturated with water and no water ponded on the soil surface; and (5) flooding treatment, keep the water head at 3-5 cm depth during the whole cultivation period. The flooding treatment serves as control, to investigate the effect of soil drainage at different vegetation period on mitigating the brown rice arsenic. Based on the characteristics of soil drainage in Gd and Er soils, the arsenic concentration in the brown rice was found decreased in conventional treatment in the Gd soils rather than in the Er soil. The arsenic toxicity happened to the paddy rice was reduced in A/F and water saturated treatments (p<0.05), and the arsenic concentration of the brown rice was also decreased. The ratio of arsenic species content in the brown rice depends on soil water managements, the DMA concentration is increased with the arsenic concentration in the brown rice under the conventional, F/A and flooding treatments (p<0.05). While inorganic arsenic was found dominant in the brown rice of the A/F and water saturated treatments, and which contributed 60-100% of the arsenic concentration in the brown rice. Provisional tolerance weekly intake of inorganic arsenic of the treatments in this study was all met the WHO standard of 15 μg/kg (body weight). The A/F and water saturated treatment mitigate the total arsenic concentration of brown rice (p<0.05), which are recommended to the application in the field.
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Edvantoro, Bagus Bina. "Bioavailability, toxicity and microbial volatilisation of arsenic in soils from cattle dip sites." Thesis, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/110365.
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Mudzielwana, Rabelani. "Synthesis and potential application of Fe3+/Mn2+ bimetal and hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (HDTMA-Br) modified clayey soils for arsenic removal in groundwater." Thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11602/1288.
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PhD (Environmental Sciences)Department of Ecology and Resource Management
The presence of arsenic in groundwater has drawn worldwide attention from researchers and public health officials due to its effects on human health such as, cancer, skin thickening, neurological disorders, muscular weakness, loss of appetite and nausea. World Health Organisation (WHO) has set the limit of 10 μg/L for arsenic in drinking water in trying to reduce the effects of arsenic. This was further adopted by South African National Standard (SANS). The present study aims at evaluating arsenic concentration in selected groundwater sources around Greater Giyani Municipality in Limpopo Province and further synthesize clay based adsorbents for arsenic removal using Fe3+ and Mn2+ oxides and hexadecylammonium bromide (HDTMA-Br) cationic surfactant as modifying agents. The first section of the work presented the hydrogeochemical characteristics of groundwater in the Greater Giyani Municipality. The results showed that the pH of the samples ranges from neutral to weakly alkaline. The dominance of major anionic and cationic species was found to be in the order: HCO3 ->Cl->SO4 2->NO3 - and Na+>Mg2+>Ca2+>K+>Si4+, respectively. Hydrogeochemical facies identified in the study area include CaHCO3 (90%) and mixed CaNaHCO3 (10%) which shows the dominance of water-rock interaction. About 60% of the tested samples contains arsenic concentration above 10 μg/L as recommended by SANS and WHO. Concentration of arsenic was found to be ranging between 0.1 to 172.53 μg/L with the average of 32.21 μg/L. In the second part of this work, arsenic removal efficiency of locally available smectite rich and kaolin clay was evaluated. Results showed that the percentage As(V) removal by kaolin clay was optimum at pH 2 while the percentage As(III) removal was greater than 60% at pH 2 to 12. For smectite rich clay soils, the percentage of As(III) and As(V) removal was found to be optimum at pH between 6 and 8. The adsorption isotherm data for As(III) and As(V) removal by both clays fitted better to Freundlich isotherm. Adsorption of both species of arsenic onto the clay mineral occurred via electrostatic attraction and ion exchange mechanisms. Both clay soils could be regenerated twice using Na2CO3 as a regenerant. Kaolin clay showed a better performance and was selected for further modification. In the third section of this work, Fe-Mn bimetal oxide modified kaolin clay was successfully synthesized by precipitating Fe3+ and Mn2+ metal oxides to the interlayer surface of kaolin clay. Modification of kaolin clay increased the surface area from 19.2 m2/g to 29.8 m2/g and further v decreased the pore diameter from 9.54 to 8.5 nm. The adsorption data fitted to the pseudo second order of reaction kinetics indicating that adsorption of As(III) and As(V) occurred via chemisorption. The adsorption isotherm data was described by Langmuir isotherm models showing a maximum As(III) and As(V) adsorption capacities of 2.16 and 1.56 mg/g, respectively at a temperature of 289 K. Synthesized adsorbent was successfully reused for 6 adsorptiondesorption cycles using K2SO4 as a regenerant. Column experiments showed that maximum breakthrough volume of ≈2 L could be treated after 6 hours using 5 g adsorbent dosage. Furthermore, the concentration of Fe and Mn were within the WHO permissible limit. In the fourth part of the work kaolin clay was functionalized with hexadecyltrimethylamonium bromide (HDTMA-Br) cationic surfactant and its application in arsenic removal from groundwater was investigated. The results revealed that adsorption of As(III) and As(V) is optimum at pH range 4-8. The maximum As(III) and As(V) adsorption capacities were found 2.33 and 2.88 mg/g, respectively after 60 min contact time. Pseudo first order model of reaction kinetics described the adsorption data for As(V) better while pseudo second order model described As(III) adsorption data. The adsorption isotherm data for As(III) and As(V) fitted well to Langmuir model indicating that adsorption of both species occurred on a mono-layered surface. Adsorption thermodynamics model revealed that adsorption of As(III) and As(V) was spontaneous and exothermic. The As(III)/As(V) adsorption mechanism was ascribed to electrostatic attraction and ion exchange. The regeneration study showed that synthesized adsorbent can be used for up to 5 times. In the firth part of the work inorgano-organo modified kaolin clay was successfully synthesized through intercalation of Fe3+ and Mn2+ metal oxides and HDTMA-Br surfactant onto the interlayers of the clay mineral. The batch experiments showed that As(III) removal was optimum at pH range of 4-6, while the As(V) removal was optimum at pH range 4-8. The adsorption data for both species of arsenic showed a better fit to pseudo second order of reaction kinetics which suggest that the dominant mechanism of adsorption was chemisorption. The isotherm studies showed better fit to Langmuir isotherm model as compared to Freundlich model. The maximum adsorption capacity As(III) and As(V) at room temperature as determined by Langmuir model were found to be 7.99 mg/g and 7.32 mg/g, respectively. The thermodynamic studies for sorption of As(III) and As(V) showed negative value of ΔGᴼ and ΔHᴼ indicating that adsorption process occurred spontaneously and is exothermic in nature. The regeneration study showed that the vi inorgano-organo modified kaolin clay can be reused for up 7 adsorption-regeneration cycles using 0.01 M HCl as a regenerant. Thomas kinetic model and Yoon-Nelson model showed that the rate of adsorption increases with increasing flow rate and initial concentration and decreases with increasing of the bed mass. In conclusions, adsorbents synthesized from this work showed a better performance as compared to other adsorbents available in the literature. Among the synthesized adsorbents, inorgano-organo modified clay showed highest adsorption capacity as compared to surfactant functionalized and Fe-Mn bimetal oxides modified kaolin clay. However, all adsorbents were recommended for use in arsenic remediation from groundwater. The following recommendations were made following the findings from this study: 1) routine monitoring of arsenic in groundwater of Greater Giyani Municipality, 2) evaluating the possible link between arsenic exposure and arsenic related diseases within Giyani in order to find the extent of the problem in order to establish the population at risk, 3) The toxicity assessment for HDTMA-Br modified kaolin clay should be carried out, 4) Materials developed in the present study should be modeled and tested at the point of use for arsenic removal, and lastly, 5) this study further encourage the development of other arsenic removal materials that can be used at household level.
NRF
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Nicholson, Heather Christine. "Arsenic in plants important to two Yukon First Nations : impacts of gold mining and reclamation practices." Thesis, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/13867.
Full textAbstract:
This project examines arsenic in plants growing near closed or reclaimed gold
mines located in the traditional territories of two Yukon First Nations. A total of 238 soil
and plant samples (comprising 9 different species) were collected from Mt. Nansen,
Arctic Gold and Silver, and Venus Mine tailing properties. At each property, samples
were collected near the suspected point source of contamination, approximately 1 -3 km
away, and from background sites. Species were chosen for their ethnobotanical
significance to the Little Salmon/Carmacks and the Carcross/Tagish First Nations,
based on interviews with Elders and other knowledgeable people. Total and inorganic
arsenic concentrations were determined using ICP-MS and AAS instrumentation, and
organic arsenic concentrations were calculated from the difference.
Uptake of arsenic by plants was low compared to soil arsenic concentrations. In
both plants and soil, the arsenic form was predominantly inorganic. Concentrations in
berries at all three sites were low or undetectable, and are therefore considered safe to
eat under Health Canada tolerable daily intake guidelines for inorganic arsenic.
At Mt. Nansen, the lichen "caribou moss" (Cetraria/Cladina spp.), Bolete
mushrooms (Leccinum spp.), and the medicinal shrubs willow (Salix spp.) and Labrador
tea (Ledum groenlandicum/L. decumbens spp.) had high mean arsenic concentrations
around point sources or at sites up to 1.5 km away. These localized high
concentrations will not likely affect foraging animals, given their constant movement.
However, Carmacks residents could avoid gathering all species with elevated arsenic
around the Mt. Nansen mining property until reclamation is complete.
Books on the topic "Soils – Arsenic content – Vermont"
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Peryea, Frank J. Leaching of lead and arsenic in soils contaminated with lead arsenate pesticide residues. Wenatchee, Wash: Tree Fruit Research and Extension Center, Washington State University, 1989.
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Putilina, V. S. Povedenie myshʹi︠a︡ka v pochvakh, gornykh porodakh i podzemnykh vodakh: Transformat︠s︡ii︠a︡, adsorbt︠s︡ii︠a︡/desorbt︠s︡ii︠a︡, migrat︠s︡ii︠a︡ : analiticheskiĭ obzor. Novosibirsk: GPNTB SO RAN, 2009.
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3
Gakkai, Nihon Dojō Hiryō. Dojō kankyōchū no yūgai genso no kyodō: Hōsha kōgen ekkususen kyūshū bunkōhō ni yoru bunshi sukēru supeshiēshon. Tōkyō-to Arakawa-ku: Hakuyūsha, 2012.
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4
Davis, Andy. Predicting arsenic mobility as part of the Anaconda Sewage Treatment Lagoon Waterfowl Project. Place of publication not identified]: Camp Dresser & McKee, 1986.
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5
Peryea, Frank J. Bioremediation of lead arsenate-contaminated soils. [S.l: s.n., 1991.
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6
Golding, Steven. Survey of typical soils arsenic concentrations in residential areas of the City of University Place. Olympia, Wash: Washington State Dept. of Ecology, Environmental Assessment Program, 2001.
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7
Richard, Jack. Mobilization and impacts of arsenic species and selected metals on a wetland adjacent to the B&L Landfill, Milton. Olympia, Wash: Dept. of Ecology, 2002.
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8
Richard, Jack. Mobilization and impacts of arsenic species and selected metals on a wetland adjacent to the B & L Landfill, Milton. Olympia, Wash: Dept. of Ecology, Environmental Assessment Program, 2002.
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9
Washington State University. Cooperative Extension. and United States. Dept. of Agriculture., eds. Gardening on lead- and arsenic-contaminated soils. [Pullman, WA]: Washington State University, Cooperative Extension, 1999.
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10
Feroze, Ahmed M., and ITN-Bangladesh (Network), eds. Arsenic contamination: Bangladesh perspective. Dhaka: ITN-Bangladesh, Centre for Water Supply and Waste Management, 2005.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Soils – Arsenic content – Vermont"
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Chandrasekhar, V., A. Joshi, and D. Chandrasekharam. "Arsenic content in groundwater and soils of Ballia, Uttar Pradesh." In Water-Rock Interaction. Taylor & Francis, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/noe0415451369.ch212.
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"Content of arsenic and heavy metals in the soils around the Novocherkassk Power Station." In Understanding the Geological and Medical Interface of Arsenic - As 2012, 303–5. CRC Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b12522-104.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Soils – Arsenic content – Vermont"
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Avkopashvili, Guranda, Alexander Gongadze, Lasha Asanidze, Marika Avkopashvili, and Irakli Avkopashvili. "ARSENIC AND LEAD CONTENT OF RACHA, SAMEGRELO AND ZEMO SVANETIAN SOILS, GEORGIA." In 21st SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference Proceedings 2021. STEF92 Technology, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2021/3.1/s13.52.
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Baeva, Yulia. "THE CONTENT OF HEAVY METALS AND ARSENIC IN POST-AGROGENIC SOILS OF VARIOUS CLIMATIC ZONES IN RUSSIA." In 19th SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference EXPO Proceedings. STEF92 Technology, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2019/3.2/s13.063.
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Geddes, Brian, Chris Wenzel, Michael Owen, Mark Gardiner, and Julie Brown. "Remediation of Canada’s Historic Haul Route for Radium and Uranium Ores: The Northern Transportation Route." In ASME 2011 14th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2011-59303.
Full textAbstract:
Established in the 1930s, the Northern Transportation Route (NTR) served to transport pitchblende ore 2,200 km from the Port Radium Mine in Canada’s Northwest Territories to Fort McMurray in Alberta. From there, the ore was shipped 3,000 km by rail to the Town of Port Hope, Ontario, where it was refined for its radium content and used for medical purposes. Later, transport and refinement focussed on uranium. The corridor of lakes, rivers, portages and roads that made up the NTR included a number of transfer points, where ore was unloaded and transferred to other barges or trucks. Ore was occasionally spilled during these transfer operations and, in some cases, subsequently distributed over larger areas as properties were re-developed or modified. In addition, relatively small volumes of ore were sometimes transported by air to the south. Since 1991, the Low-Level Radioactive Waste Management Office (LLRWMO), working with communities and its consulting contractors, has conducted surveys to identify and characterize spill sites along the NTR where soils exhibit elevated concentrations of uranium, radium and/or arsenic. In addition to significant areas of impact in Fort McMurray, contamination along the NTR was centred in the Sahtu region near Great Bear Lake and along the southern part of the Slave River. Early radiological investigations found contaminated buildings and soil and occasionally discrete pieces of pitchblende ore at many transfer points and storage areas along the NTR. Where possible, survey work was undertaken in conjunction with property redevelopment activity requiring the relocation of impacted soils (e.g., at Tulita, Fort Smith, Hay River, and Fort McMurray). When feasible to consolidate contaminated material locally, it was placed into Long Term Management Facilities developed to manage and monitor the materials over extended timelines. Radiological activity generated by these engineered facilities are generally below thresholds established by Canadian regulators, meaning they are straightforward to maintain, with minor environmental and community impacts. Securing community acceptance for these facilities is critical, and represents the predominant development component of plans for managing ore-impacted soils. In those circumstances where local consolidation is not achievable, materials have been relocated to disposal facilities outside of the region. The LLRWMO is continuing a program of public consultation, technical evaluation and environmental assessment to develop management plans for the remaining ore-impacted sites on the NTR. This paper will highlight current activities and approaches applied for the responsible management of uranium and radium mining legacies.
Reports on the topic "Soils – Arsenic content – Vermont"
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Akinleye, Taiwo, Idil Deniz Akin, Amanda Hohner, Indranil Chowdhury, Richards Watts, Xianming Shi, Brendan Dutmer, James Mueller, and Will Moody. Evaluation of Electrochemical Treatment for Removal of Arsenic and Manganese from Field Soil. Illinois Center for Transportation, June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36501/0197-9191/21-019.
Full textAbstract:
Soils containing inorganic compounds are frequently encountered by transportation agencies during construction within the right-of-way, and they pose a threat to human health and the environment. As a result, construction activities may experience project delays and increased costs associated with management of inorganic compounds containing soils required to meet environmental regulations. Recalcitrance of metal-contaminated soils toward conventional treatment technologies is exacerbated in clay or organic content-rich fine-grained soils with low permeability and high sorption capacity because of increased treatment complexity, cost, and duration. The objective of this study was to develop an accelerated in situ electrochemical treatment approach to extract inorganic compounds from fine-grained soils, with the treatment time comparable to excavation and off-site disposal. Three reactor experiments were conducted on samples collected from two borehole locations from a field site in Illinois that contained arsenic (As)(~7.4 mg/kg) and manganese (Mn)(~700 mg/kg). A combination of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and/or citrate buffer solution was used to treat the soils. A low-intensity electrical field was applied to soil samples using a bench-scale reactor that resembles field-scale in situ electrochemical systems. For the treatment using 10% H2O2 and citrate buffer solution, average removal of 23% and 8% were achieved for Mn and As, respectively. With 4% H2O2 and citrate buffer, 39% and 24% removal were achieved for Mn and As; while using only citrate buffer as the electrolyte, 49% and 9% removal were achieved for Mn and As, respectively. All chemical regimes adopted in this study reduced the inorganic compound concentrations to below the maximum allowable concentration for Illinois as specified by the Illinois Environmental Protection Agency. The results from this work indicate that electrochemical systems that leverage low concentrations of hydrogen peroxide and citrate buffer can be effective for remediating soils containing manganese and arsenic.