Journal articles on the topic 'Soil salinization'
To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Soil salinization.
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Soil salinization.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Ma, Yingxuan, and Nigara Tashpolat. "Current Status and Development Trend of Soil Salinity Monitoring Research in China." Sustainability 15, no. 7 (March 28, 2023): 5874. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15075874.
Full textAbstract:
Soil salinization is a resource and ecological problem that currently exists on a large scale in all countries of the world. This problem is seriously restricting the development of agricultural production, the sustainable use of land resources, and the stability of the ecological environment. Salinized soils in China are characterized by extensive land area, complex saline species, and prominent salinization problems. Therefore, strengthening the management and utilization of salinized soils, monitoring and identifying accurate salinization information, and mastering the degree of regional salinization are important goals that researchers have been trying to explore and overcome. Based on a large amount of soil salinization research, this paper reviews the developmental history of saline soil management research in China, discusses the research progress of soil salinization monitoring, and summarizes the main modeling methods for remote sensing monitoring of saline soils. Additionally, this paper also proposes and analyzes the limitations of China’s soil salinity monitoring research and its future development trend, taking into account the real needs and frontier hotspots of the country in related research. This is of great practical significance to comprehensively grasp the current situation of salinization research, further clarify and sort out research ideas of salinization monitoring, enrich the remote sensing monitoring methods of saline soils, and solve practical problems of soil salinization in China.
2
Ismonov, Аbduvaxob, Аlijon Dusaliev, Nazimkhon Kalandarov, Uktamkhon Mamajanova, and Gulnoza Kattaeva. "Profile of desert sandy soils formed in the Aral Sea dried-up seabed." E3S Web of Conferences 486 (2024): 04010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202448604010.
Full textAbstract:
In subsequent years, as a result of the strengthening of natural and anthropogenic factors, the inability of the Amu Darya and Sir Darya waters to flow into the Aral Sea, the mechanical composition of desert sandy soils, the type of salinization, the degree of salinization, the variety of humus content in the soils common in the soil covers of the dried seabed were studied. During the study of the study area soils, the strong salinization of soils was noted by the chloride-sulfate salinization type and the salinization in the surface layer of the soil profile section No. 47, that is, in the layers 0- 9 cm and 9-50 cm deep, and weak salinization by the sulfate-chloride salinization type and the salinization in the lower layer of the soil profile. In the surface layer of the studied desert sandy soils, that is, by 0-9 cm and 9- 50 cm, the humus content ranged from 0.418% to 0.528%. On the dried bottom of the Aral Sea, because of strong evaporation of groundwater in the soil profile, an intensive process of accumulation of salt crystals took place, and desert sandy soils became highly saline.
3
Savich, Vitaliy, Vladimir Sedykh, Andrey Sorokin, Marina Kotenko, and Ivan Tazin. "Agroecological assessment of soil salinization." АгроЭкоИнфо 50, no. 2 (March 9, 2022): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.51419/202122206.
Full textAbstract:
In the conducted studies, the influence of salinization on the soil-plant system on the soils of Russia and Vietnam was evaluated. It is shown that the nature and degree of soil salinization vary over time and in space, including on individual elements of meso- and microrelief. For soils, plants and biota, it is advisable to allocate their optima and maximum permissible salinity concentrations. They differ for different soils, for individual plant species and microorganisms. It is shown that optimal and acceptable indicators of soil salinity differ from a combination of parameters of plant life factors and soil functioning: temperature, humidity, combination of soil properties, phases of soil and plant development, etc. It was found that the composition of the soil extract differs significantly from the composition of the soil solution not only in the concentration of salts, but also in their composition, which must be taken into account in the agroecological assessment of salinity. The possibility of increasing the resistance of plants to soil salinization when they are fed with biophilic elements, stimulants, complexons is shown. Keywords: SALINIZATION, PLANTS, MAXIMUM PERMISSIBLE CONCENTRATIONS, OPTIMIZATION
4
Hou, Jiawen, and Yusufujiang Rusuli. "Assessment of Soil Salinization Risk by Remote Sensing-Based Ecological Index (RSEI) in the Bosten Lake Watershed, Xinjiang in Northwest China." Sustainability 14, no. 12 (June 10, 2022): 7118. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14127118.
Full textAbstract:
Accurate real-time information about the spatial and temporal dynamics of soil salinization is crucial for preventing the aggravation of salinization and achieving sustainable development of the ecological environment. With the Bosten Lake watershed as the study area, in this study, the regional risk factors of soil salinization were identified, the salinization information was extracted, and the remote sensing-based ecological index (RSEI) of soil salinization was assessed through the combined use of remote sensing (RS) and geographic information system (GIS) techniques and measurements of soils samples collected from various field sites. The results revealed that (1) a four period (1990, 2000, 2010, and 2020) RS dataset on soil salinization allowed for the accurate classification of the land use/land cover types, with an overall classification accuracy of greater than 90% and kappa values of >0.90, and the salt index (SI), an RS-derived risk factor of soil salinization, was significantly correlated with the actual measured salt content of the surface soils. (2) The RS-derived elevation and normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) were significantly correlated with the SI-T. (3) An integrated risk assessment model was constructed for the soil salinization risk in the Bosten Lake watershed, which calculated the integrated risk index values and classified them into four risk levels: low risk, medium risk, high risk, and extremely high risk. (4) Due to the combined effect of the surface water area and terrain, the soil salinization risk gradually decreased from the lake to the surrounding areas, while the corresponding spatial range increased in order of decreasing risk. The areas with different levels of soil salinization risk in the study area during the last 30 years were ranked in decreasing order of medium risk > high risk > extremely high risk > low risk. These findings provide theoretical support for preventing and controlling soil salinization and promoting agricultural production in the study area.
5
Tian, An-Hong, Cheng-Biao Fu, Hei-Gang Xiong, and Her-Terng Yau. "Innovative Intelligent Methodology for the Classification of Soil Salinization Degree Using a Fractional-Order Master-Slave Chaotic System." International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos 29, no. 02 (February 2019): 1950026. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218127419500263.
Full textAbstract:
Soil salinization has become a highly significant eco-system issue that is encountered all over the world. Serious soil salinization leads to soil deterioration and has a negative impact on sustainable development of the eco-system and agriculture. However, the spectral reflectance of soils with high overlap and indecipherability makes it difficult to classify the soil salinization degree quickly and accurately. In this paper, an innovative, intelligent methodology using a fractional-order chaotic system to classify the soil salinization degree is proposed. To select a suitable order for the fractional-order chaotic system, the integer-order and noninteger order master-slave Lorenz chaotic systems were used to observe variations in the phase plane distributions. Movement traces of the chaotic system show that severely saline soil will exhibit more active changes, and its distribution status of the Lorenz chaotic system will be more scattered. After analyzing the characteristics of phase plane distributions, a preferred 0.9 fractional-order chaotic system is selected to obtain good analytical characteristics. Finally, extenics theory is used to verify the accuracy of salinization status classified by the coordinate values of the chaotic attractors, and an extenic matter element model is established to analyze the salinization degree. From the results, it was found that 100% analysis accuracy in the judgment of salinization level could be achieved under noninteger order status, and this judgment method is also suitable for soils in different human activity areas. This method has now become a benchmark for testing soil salinization with a chaotic system and is an innovative method that can be used to test the soil salinization degree quickly and accurately.
6
Yang, Jianxia, Jun Zhao, Guofeng Zhu, Yuanyuan Wen, Yanqiang Wang, Jialiang Liu, and Zhihui Yang. "Effects of Ecological Water Conveyance on Soil Salinization in the Shiyang River Basin’s Terminal Lake—Qingtu Lake—Area." Sustainability 14, no. 16 (August 19, 2022): 10311. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su141610311.
Full textAbstract:
(1) Background: Recently, secondary soil salinization has frequently occurred in ecological water conveyance and irrigation areas. Therefore, monitoring the information on soil salinization in the conveyance irrigation area and analyzing the change process of soil salinization are of great significance to both environmental improvement and salinization management. (2) Methods: This study takes the Shiyang River’s terminal lake—Qingtu Lake—and its surroundings as the research area. The salinization index was extracted by remote sensing data and methods, and a comprehensive salinization model (CSI) was established. Firstly, the spatial distribution regular of soil salinization, since ecological water conveyance was explored, and the change trends in soil salinization were analyzed. Secondly, the relationship between the change characteristics of soil salinization and groundwater, water area changes and land use types were analyzed. (3) Results: The Kappa coefficient between the soil salinization extracted by CSI and the measured data reached 0.703, and CSI can accurately monitor soil salinization information. From 2011 to 2020, the non-salinized land increased by 2.1%, mild and moderate salinization decreased by 5.7% and 3.9%, respectively, and severe salinization increased by 7.5%. The salinization in the lake area showed a decreasing trend, and the periphery of the lake area showed an increasing trend. Groundwater, water area changes and land use type have certain influences on soil salinization in the study area. (4) Conclusion: Since ecological water conveyance, the total proportion of soil salinized area in Qingtu Lake and its surrounding areas has not changed much, but there are certain changes between different grades of salinized land. The areas with changes to the level of salinization are mainly shallow, unstable water areas, saline–alkali land, wetlands and sandy land, and there are secondary salinization problems in these areas.
7
Ma, Yingxuan, and Nigara Tashpolat. "Remote Sensing Monitoring of Soil Salinity in Weigan River–Kuqa River Delta Oasis Based on Two-Dimensional Feature Space." Water 15, no. 9 (April 27, 2023): 1694. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w15091694.
Full textAbstract:
Soil salinization is a serious resource and ecological problem globally. The Weigan River–Kuqa River Delta Oasis is a key region in the arid and semi-arid regions of China with prominent soil salinization. The saline soils in the oasis are widely distributed over a large area, causing great harm to agricultural development and the environment. Remote sensing monitoring can provide a reference method for the management of regional salinization. We extracted the spectral indices and performed a correlation analysis using soil measurement data and Sentinel-2 remote sensing data. Then, two-dimensional feature space inversion models for soil salinity were constructed based on the preferred spectral indices, namely, the canopy response salinity index (CRSI), composite spectral response index (COSRI), normalized difference water index (NDWI), and green atmospherically resistant vegetation index (GARI). The soil salinity in a typical saline zone in the Weigan River–Kuqa River Delta Oasis was monitored and analyzed. We found that the inversion of the CRSI-COSRI model was optimal (R2 of 0.669), followed by the CRSI-NDWI (0.656) and CRSI-GARI (0.604) models. Therefore, a model based on the CRSI-COSRI feature space can effectively extract the soil salinization information for the study area. This is of great significance to understanding the salinization situation in the Weigan River–Kuqa River Delta Oasis, enriching salinization remote sensing monitoring methods, and solving the soil salinization problem in China.
8
Dong, Fang, Yongjie Tang, Xuerui Xing, Zhanhong Liu, and Liting Xing. "Formation and Evolution of Soil Salinization in Shouguang City Based on PMS and OLI/TM Sensors." Water 11, no. 2 (February 18, 2019): 345. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w11020345.
Full textAbstract:
To explore the evolution process of soil salinization in Shouguang, the current study applied the Pan and Multi-spectra Sensor (PMS), Operational Land Imager (OLI) and Thematic Mapper (TM) data to establish a remote sensing monitoring model of soil salinization. Based on the vegetation and salinity indexes, we extracted the information of soil salinization in the flourishing period of plant growth in Shouguang in 2017. At the same time, we monitored the spatial and temporal patterns of soil salinization in Shouguang from 1998 to 2017. We compared the range of soil salinization reflected by remote sensing data and the regional groundwater level and revealed the formation and evolution mechanism of soil salinization in Shouguang. The results reflected that the distribution of soil salinization in Shouguang demonstrated obvious banding characteristics in distribution, and soil salinization gradually increased from the south to the north. Based on the imagery interpretation of Landsat images of three periods from 1998 to 2017, we found that the area of saline land in Shouguang severely decreased as a whole, but the coastal salinization intensified. Moreover, the inversion of surface soil salinity using the GF-1 satellite PMS image has a high precision, and the goodness of fit (R2) is up to 0.871. Compared with the GF-1 image, the Landsat image is more suitable for grading and monitoring soil salinization in a wide range. We also confirmed that the change in ground water level is the main reason for the evolution of salinization. Excessive exploitation of groundwater by vegetable production caused the intensification of seawater intrusion and secondary salinization in coastal areas, while the water level dropped in areas far from the coastline. To prevent the deterioration from soil salinization in Shouguang, it is necessary for us to extract the local groundwater resources reasonably and optimally.
9
IVANISHCHEV, V. V., T. N. EVGRASHKINA, O. I. BOIKOVA, and N. N. ZHUKOV. "SOIL SALINIZATION AND ITS INFLUENCE THE PLANTS." News of the Tula state university. Sciences of Earth 3, no. 1 (2020): 28–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.46689/2218-5194-2020-3-1-28-42.
Full textAbstract:
The work collected information on salinization of soils, as one of the common natural and, in part, anthropogenic stress factors. The main types of soil salinization, their features, and also their distribution in Russia are described. The results of a comparative analysis of the effect of various types of salinization on agricultural plants (using the example of winter triticale) are presented. The possibility of application the cluster analysis method to assess the specifics of the biochemical adaptation of plants to different types of salinization of the medium is shown.
10
Pankova, Ye I., and M. V. Konyushkova. "The effect of global warming on soil salinity in arid regions." Dokuchaev Soil Bulletin, no. 71 (June 30, 2013): 3–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.19047/0136-1694-2013-71-3-15.
Full textAbstract:
The comparison of modern climatic conditions and soil salinity in subboreal deserts of Middle Asia (Turanian plain) and Central Asia (Gobi deserts) shows that climate has an effect on salinity of hydromorphic soils. From the other hand, the distribution and degree of salinity of automorphic desert soils are predominantly governed by the distribution of salt-bearing rocks inherited from the previous geologic stages and are not related directly to the modern aridity. This fact allows us to state that the global warming will not promote salinization of automorphic soils of arid regions, except for the soils subjected to aeolian salinization. Climate aridification will provoke soil salinization in hydromorphic conditions.
11
He, Baozhong, Jianli Ding, Wenjiang Huang, and Xu Ma. "Spatiotemporal Variation and Future Predictions of Soil Salinization in the Werigan–Kuqa River Delta Oasis of China." Sustainability 15, no. 18 (September 21, 2023): 13996. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su151813996.
Full textAbstract:
Soil salinization is a serious global issue; by 2050, without intervention, 50% of the cultivated land area will be affected by salinization. Therefore, estimating and predicting future soil salinity is crucial for preventing soil salinization and investigating potential arable land resources. In this study, several machine learning methods (random forest (RF), Light Gradient Boosting Machine (LightGBM), Gradient Boosting Decision Tree (GBDT), and eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost)) were used to estimate the soil salinity in the Werigan–Kuqa River Delta Oasis region of China from 2001 to 2021. The cellular automata (CA)–Markov model was used to predict soil salinity types from 2020 to 2050. The LightGBM method exhibited the highest accuracy, and the overall prediction accuracy of the methods had the following order: LightGBM > RF > GBRT > XGBoost. Moderately saline, severely saline, and saline soils were dominant in the east and south of the research area, while non-saline and mildly saline soils were widely distributed in the inner oasis area. A marked decreasing trend in the soil salt content was observed from 2001 to 2021, with a decreasing rate of 4.28 g/kg·10 a−1. The primary change included the conversion of mildly and severely saline soil types to non-saline soil. The generalized difference vegetation index (51%), Bio (30%), and temperature vegetation drought index (27%) had the greatest influence, followed by variables associated with soil attributes (soil organic carbon and soil organic carbon stock) and terrain (topographic wetness index, slope, aspect, curvature, and topographic relief index). Overall, the CA–Markov simulation resulted exhibited suitable accuracy (kappa = 0.6736). Furthermore, areas with non-saline and mildly saline soils will increase while areas with other salinity levels will continue to decrease from 2020 to 2050. From 2046 to 2050, numerous areas with saline soil will be converted to non-saline soil. These results can provide support for salinization control, agricultural production, and soil investigations in the future. The gradual decline in soil salinization in the research area in the past 20 years may have resulted from large-scale land reclamation, which has turned saline alkali land into arable land and is also related to effective measures taken by the local government to control salinization.
12
Wang, Bo, Xinguang Dong, Zhihui Wang, and Guoqiang Qin. "Characterizing Spatiotemporal Variations of Soil Salinization and Its Relationship with Eco-Hydrological Parameters at the Regional Scale in the Kashi Area of Xinjiang, China from 2000 to 2017." Water 13, no. 8 (April 14, 2021): 1075. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w13081075.
Full textAbstract:
Soil salinization is one of the most serious issues of land degradation, especially in inland drylands, such as the Kashgar region in the Xinjiang province, western China. The investigation of the spatiotemporal variations of soil salinization and its causes is critical for regional ecological restoration and social development. In this study, salinization severity was firstly interpreted in Kashgar region for the years 2000, 2010, and 2017 using multitemporal Landsat images, and the spatiotemporal variations of salinized soil area, salinization severity index, and important index of salinization change were then analyzed using transition matrix method. Finally, the relationship between salinization and eco-hydrological parameters at the regional scale was investigated using correlation analysis and multivariate linear regression. The results show that salinized soil is mainly concentrated in irrigated oasis areas. Although the decrease rate of total salinized soil area is decreasing, the decrease rate of average salinization severity is increasing gradually. There is an increasing trend for the improved area of salinized soil, whereas an opposite trend was observed for the deteriorated area of salinized soil. The conversion from extremely severe salinized soil to the severe ones was the dominant transforming type from 2000 to 2017; meanwhile, the transformation from non-salinized soil to salinized soil for the newly reclaimed farmland was observed, indicating that some necessary irrigation control measures must be taken to avoid further soil salinizing. A significant negative correlation between salinization severity and evapotranspiration, normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) was observed, implying that soil structure change induced by vegetation, associated with high evapotranspiration (ET) and low land surface temperature (LST), played a positive role in alleviating soil salinization in this region. It is concluded that the soil salinization had been alleviated from 2000 to 2017, mainly due to the combined effects of the farmland expansion and the reasonable irrigation system.
13
Wang, Qian Qian, Yun Feng Hu, Wen Long Song, and Feng Wang. "Extraction of Soil Salinization from Remote Sensing Information and LUCC Data Based on Knowledge Discovery over the Arid Area: A Case Study on Kuka County in Xinjiang." Applied Mechanics and Materials 90-93 (September 2011): 1706–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.90-93.1706.
Full textAbstract:
Soil salinization is a most important factor to influence agriculture in arid area. There is a dire need to monitoring the soil salinization information based on Chinese own satellite data. In the study, a remote sensing classification method of soil salinization land based on knowledge discovery and decision-making process that is benefit to arise classification precision through a decision tree method has been constructed. The result shows that near 80% area of the entire county has suffered soil salinization with different grade. The percent of heavy, middle and light grades soil salinization area are 11.29, 20.53 and 49.01 respectively.
14
Uri, Nachshon. "Cropland Soil Salinization and Associated Hydrology: Trends, Processes and Examples." Water 10, no. 8 (August 3, 2018): 1030. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w10081030.
Full textAbstract:
While global food demand and world population are rapidly growing, land potential for cropping is steadily declining due to various soil degradation processes, a major one of them being soil salinization. Currently, approximately 20% of total cropland and 33% of irrigated agricultural land are salinized as a result of poor agricultural practices and it is expected that by 2050, half of the croplands worldwide will become salinized. Thus, there is a real need to better understand soil salinization processes and to develop agricultural practices that will enable production of the needed amount of food to feed humanity, while minimizing soil salinization and other degradation processes. The major sources of solutes in agricultural environments are: (i) the soil itself, and the parent geological material; (ii) shallow and salt rich groundwater; and (iii) salt rich irrigation water. The salinization of soil is a combination of transport of solutes towards the root zone to replenish evaporation and transpiration and limited washing of the soil by rain or irrigation. Therefore, most salinized soils are present in arid and semi-arid environments where precipitation is low and evaporation is high. In this manuscript, examples of soil salinization processes from croplands around the world will be presented and discussed to bring attention to this important topic, to present the latest scientific insights and to highlight the gaps that should be filled, from both scientific and practical perspectives.
15
Xu, Mei, Bing Guo, and Rui Zhang. "A Novel Approach to Detecting the Salinization of the Yellow River Delta Using a Kernel Normalized Difference Vegetation Index and a Feature Space Model." Sustainability 16, no. 6 (March 20, 2024): 2560. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su16062560.
Full textAbstract:
Using the kernel normalized difference vegetation index (KNDVI) to monitor soil salinization has great advantages; however, approaches using KNDVI and a feature space model to monitor salinization have not yet been reported. In this study, the KNDVI, normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), extended difference vegetation index (EDVI), green normalized difference vegetation index (TGDVI), modified soil-adjusted vegetation index (MSAVI), and salt index (SI) were used to establish five feature space monitoring indices for salinization. The spatio-temporal evolution pattern of soil salinization in the Yellow River Delta from 2000 to 2020 was analyzed based on the optimal monitoring index. The remote sensing monitoring index model based on KNDVI-SI’s point-to-point mode had the best applicability with R2 = 0.93, followed by EDVI-SI’s salinization monitoring index model with R2 = 0.90. From 2000 to 2020, soil salinization in the Yellow River Delta followed an exacerbating then improving trend. Soil salinization was more severe in the northern and eastern coastal areas of the Yellow River Delta. These results are conducive to salinization restoration and control in the Yellow River Delta.
16
Tussipkan, D., M. В. Ramazanova, and Sh A. Manabayeva. "Soil salinity and salt tolerance of plants." Bulletin of the Karaganda University. “Biology, medicine, geography Series” 29, no. 1(113) (March 30, 2024): 48–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.31489/2024bmg1/48-57.
Full textAbstract:
Global scarcity of water resources, ecological pollution and enlarged salinization of soil and water became a noticeable problem at the beginning of the 21st century. Soil pollution caused by industrial and agricultural activities is an environmental problem that poses serious threats to human health and ecosystems. This review provides, firstly soil salinity characteristics and salinity indicators. Secondly, we focused on saline areas in the world and causes of soil salinization. Thirdly, mapping and monitoring of soil salinity areas and improvement measures for saline soil tolerance. Fourthly, effect of salinity stress on plant and plant salinity response was discussed. This review is intended to provide a comprehensive overview on salinization of soil and presenting fundamental information for future research studies.
17
Hong, Guojun, Tiecheng Bai, Xingpeng Wang, Mingzhe Li, Chengcheng Liu, Lianjie Cong, Xinyi Qu, and Xu Li. "Extraction and Analysis of Soil Salinization Information in an Alar Reclamation Area Based on Spectral Index Modeling." Applied Sciences 13, no. 6 (March 8, 2023): 3440. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app13063440.
Full textAbstract:
In order to explore the optimal remote sensing salinity monitoring index model for the inversion of soil salinization in the Alar reclamation area, based on the Sentinel-2 images and field measured data, the salinity index 1 (SI1), the normalized difference vegetation index in a green–red band (GRNDVI), the normalized vegetation index of greenness (GNDVI), and the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) were selected to construct the remote sensing-based salinization 1 detection index (S1DI) model. Next, the cotton field soil salinization information in the Alar reclamation area was extracted, and the accuracy of the model was verified to obtain the optimal remote sensing salinity monitoring index model. The results show that the overall classification accuracy of the S1DI1 (SI1-GRNDVI), S1DI2 (SI1-GNDVI), S1DI3 (SI1-NDVI), and S1DI4 (SI1-DVI) models for salinity monitoring is 83.35%, 83.10%, 82.96%, and 80.25%, respectively. The S1DI1 model is most suitable for retrieving the degree of soil salinization in the cotton field in the Alar reclamation area, and the S1DI2, S1DI3, and S1DI4 models are also very useful for monitoring soil salinization in the Alar reclamation area. Using the S1DI1 model to invert the soil salinization level of the cotton fields in the Alar reclamation area, it was found that the cotton field in the reclamation area is dominated by non-saline soil, and the light saline soil and moderate saline soil are mainly distributed in the 9th and 12th clusters of the reclamation area. As the S1DI1 model possesses the highest accuracy in extracting the soil salinization information of the cotton fields in the Alar reclamation area, it can be used as a remote sensing salinity 1 monitoring index model for the inversion of the soil salinization of the cotton fields in the reclamation area, which is expected to provide an effective reference value for soil salinization monitoring.
18
Sairanova, P. Sh, E. A. Khayrulina, N. V. Mitrakova, and N. V. Poroshina. "Modeling as a tool for soil transformation forecasting under technogenic salinization." Theoretical and Applied Ecology, no. 4 (December 18, 2023): 52–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.25750/1995-4301-2023-4-052-060.
Full textAbstract:
The problem of soil salinization is relevant not only for agricultural areas but also for mining, where brines enter the surface as formation water or runoff from sludge storage facilities and salt dumps of mining enterprises. Currently, there is little elaboration of assessment and lack of normative support (MPC, APC) for assessment of technogenic salinisation of soils. The aim of this research is to develop a mathematical model for predicting the transformation of soils affected by technogenic salinization. The research focuses on soils in three types of landscapes, namely eluvial, transitional, and alluvial, located in the area of technogenic salinization. To develop the model, information-logical analysis and soil indicators were employed. These indicators were determined by standard methods. According to the information-logical analysis the sodium adsorption coefficient is the dominant factor of soils’ salinity; descending further: calcium ion content, sulfates content in the soil water extract and the calculated indicators (∆pH and pH) of the salt extract. The model showed that the highest amount of toxic salts is observed when pHKCl ranges from 5.3 to 7.4, sulfate content is above 500 mg/kg, calcium content is above 1000 mg/kg, SAR is above 10, and ∆pH is below 0.5. These indicator values correspond to alluvial soils found in small river valleys; these soils are highly prone to transformation. Using the obtained information-logical model and soil indicators, it is possible to make a forecast of soil transformation under technogenic salinization.
19
Kravchenko, Lyudmila, Viktor Zhurba, and Yevgeniy Chayka. "Methods of reclamation of neutral salt flats." BIO Web of Conferences 65 (2023): 03001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20236503001.
Full textAbstract:
To increase the fertility of neutral salt pans and improve their physico-chemical properties under intensive irrigation, it is necessary to apply a set of measures. Reclamation of saline soils should be aimed at reducing the content of exchangeable sodium in the absorbing complex, improving the chemical and water-physical properties of soils and creating a highly fertile root-inhabited soil layer. When developing salt flats under irrigation conditions, both in the reclamation and in the operational period, the processes of secondary alkalinization, salinization and salinization of salt flats of zonal soils should be completely excluded. When choosing a method for reclamation of salt pans, which ensures soil desalination and prevents their alkalinization and salinization, it is necessary to take into account the content of exchangeable sodium, the depth of occurrence and reserves of gypsum and carbonates in salt pans of salinization of salt pans and zonal soils, as well as the amount of secondary absorbed sodium and secondary soda formed as a result of exchange reactions.
20
Liu, Yawen, Jingwei Wu, Hang Zhao, Changsen Li, Jun Mao, Rui Zhang, Jie Liu, and Qiang Zhao. "Ions Transport in Seasonal Frozen Farmland Soil and Its Effect on Soil Salinization Chemical Properties." Agronomy 13, no. 3 (February 24, 2023): 660. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13030660.
Full textAbstract:
The salinization of farmland soil is exacerbated during the freeze–thaw (FT) process, endangering agricultural production. The change of soil salt ions results in the formation and development of soil salinization. The objectives of this study were to investigate the migration characteristics of salt ions during the FT process, identify the effects of inconsistencies in ions transport on the development of soil salinization chemical properties. A six-month field observation was conducted from November 2020 to April 2021 in the Hetao Irrigation District, China, a typical seasonally frozen soil area affected by salinization. Soil salt ions, soil moisture content (SMC), soil temperature, and pH were measured. Soil salt content (SSC), sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) were calculated. The ions accumulated in the frozen soil layer during the freezing period in the order of Cl− > Mg2+ > Ca2+ > Na+ > SO42−, and accumulated in the topsoil during the thawing period in the order of Cl− > Na+ > Mg2+ > Ca2+ > SO42−, while the change in HCO3− was mostly the opposite. The FT process changed the main salt anions from sulfate to chloride. After the FT process, the topsoil was endangered by high salinization, excess Cl− toxicity, and a potential alkalization threat. This study has great guiding significance for the management and control of soil salinization before spring sowing in saline areas.
21
Savich, Vitaly Igorevich, Hafiza Tuymurodovna Artikova, Shavkatullo Shukurovich Nafetdinov, and Khilola Hamroevna Salimova. "Optimization Of Plant Development In Case Of Soil Salinization." American Journal of Agriculture and Biomedical Engineering 03, no. 02 (February 28, 2021): 24–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/tajabe/volume03issue02-05.
Full textAbstract:
This article discusses the improvement of the development of biotests in saline soils with the addition of zeolite, phosphogypsum, organic fertilizers. The development of biotests on seawater with a concentration of 1-10 g / l improved when humates, KNO3, and water extracts from crop residues were added to the water. A decrease in the salinity of the upper soil layer is shown when an interlayer with large pores from high moor peat is created at a depth of 25 cm.
22
Cherstvyi, S., M. Selinnyi, and M. Mukosij. "The changes of salt regime and morphological characteristics of meadow gley slightly-loamy soils under the influence of drainage and prolonged usage." Agroecological journal, no. 2 (May 21, 2015): 42–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.33730/2077-4893.2.2015.271483.
Full textAbstract:
The research of morphological character and saline conditions of meadow soils in the drainage system of «Smolianka» showed, that under the drainage influence blue-grey soils observed before the melioration from the depth of 10–20 cm diminished considerably, and new formations appeared in the form of ochreous spots and brown iron-manganese packings. The process of capillary elevation of mineralized underground water intensified, that caused gradual accumulation of salt in soil strata and also soil salinization. In aqueous extract the content of HCO3 – and CO3 – ions increased above the toxity threshold. According to additive effect of toxic ions the salinization degree ranged from weak to average. The salinization type is the hydrocarbonate one involving soda
23
Mirlas, Vladimir, Yaakov Anker, Asher Aizenkod, and Naftali Goldshleger. "Irrigation quality and management determine salinization in Israeli olive orchards." Geoscientific Model Development 15, no. 1 (January 10, 2022): 129–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-129-2022.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract. Olive (Olea europaea L.) orchard brackish water irrigation with incorrect irrigation management reduces soil fertility and degrades soil health through soil salinization. This study was conducted in the Beit She'an Valley, one of the main agricultural regions in Israel, in an olive orchard in which a combination of soil salinization and poor drainage conditions impedes plant development and causes severe economic damage. By combining various research methods, including soil salinity monitoring, field experiments, remote sensing (frequency domain electromagnetic – FDEM), and unsaturated soil profile saline water movement modeling, the salinization processes were quantified. Irrigation water conductance of 3.13 dS m−1 points to salinization within the tree upper root zone, whereas the modeling results suggest that salinization danger is greater with brackish treated wastewater rather than with lower-salinity brackish irrigation groundwater and that irrigation with potable water can help reduce salt accumulation and recover damaged plots.
24
Seydehmet, Jumeniyaz, Guang Lv, Ilyas Nurmemet, Tayierjiang Aishan, Abdulla Abliz, Mamat Sawut, Abdugheni Abliz, and Mamattursun Eziz. "Model Prediction of Secondary Soil Salinization in the Keriya Oasis, Northwest China." Sustainability 10, no. 3 (February 28, 2018): 656. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10030656.
Full textAbstract:
Significant anthropogenic and biophysical changes have caused fluctuations in the soil salinization area of the Keriya Oasis in China. The Driver-Pressure-State-Impact-Response (DPSIR) sustainability framework and Bayesian networks (BNs) were used to integrate information from anthropogenic and natural systems to model the trend of secondary soil salinization. The developed model predicted that light salinization (vegetation coverage of around 15–20%, soil salt 5–10 g/kg) of the ecotone will increase in the near term but decelerate slightly in the future, and that farmland salinization will decrease in the near term. This trend is expected to accelerate in the future. Both trends are attributed to decreased water logging, increased groundwater exploitation, and decreased ratio of evaporation/precipitation. In contrast, severe salinization (vegetation coverage of around 2%, soil salt ≥20 g/kg) of the ecotone will increase in the near term. This trend will accelerate in the future because decreased river flow will reduce the flushing of severely salinized soil crust. Anthropogenic factors have negative impacts and natural causes have positive impacts on light salinization of ecotones. In situations involving severe farmland salinization, anthropogenic factors have persistent negative impacts.
25
Yan, Yang, Kader Kayem, Ye Hao, Zhou Shi, Chao Zhang, Jie Peng, Weiyang Liu, Qiang Zuo, Wenjun Ji, and Baoguo Li. "Mapping the Levels of Soil Salination and Alkalization by Integrating Machining Learning Methods and Soil-Forming Factors." Remote Sensing 14, no. 13 (June 23, 2022): 3020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs14133020.
Full textAbstract:
Accurate updating of soil salination and alkalization maps based on remote sensing images and machining learning methods plays an essential role in food security, biodiversity, and desertification. However, there is still a lack of research on using machine learning, especially one-dimensional convolutional neural networks (CNN)s, and soil-forming factors to classify the salinization and alkalization degree. As a case study, the study estimated the soil salination and alkalization by Random forests (RF) and CNN based on the 88 observations and 16 environmental covariates in Da’an city, China. The results show that: the RF model (accuracy = 0.67, precision = 0.67 for soil salination) with the synthetic minority oversampling technique performed better than CNN. Salinity and vegetation spectral indexes played the most crucial roles in soil salinization and alkalinization estimation in Songnen Plain. The spatial distribution derived from the RF model shows that from the 1980s to 2021, soil salinization and alkalization areas increased at an annual rate of 1.40% and 0.86%, respectively, and the size of very high salinization and alkalization was expanding. The degree and change rate of soil salinization and alkalization under various land-use types followed mash > salinate soil > grassland > dry land and forest. This study provides a reference for rapid mapping, evaluating, and managing soil salinization and alkalization in arid areas.
26
Abd El-Hamid, Hazem T., and Guan Hong. "Hyperspectral remote sensing for extraction of soil salinization in the northern region of Ningxia." Modeling Earth Systems and Environment 6, no. 4 (June 12, 2020): 2487–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40808-020-00829-3.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Soil salinization affects negatively on agricultural productivity in the semiarid region of Ningxia. In this study, the performance of inversion model to determine soil salinization was assessed using some analysis and reflectance of wavelength. About 42 vegetation samples and 42 soil samples were collected for model extraction. Hyper-spectral data processing method was used to analyze spectral characteristics of different levels of salinization area vegetation. Spectral data were transformed in 16 different approaches, including root mean squares, logarithm, inversion logarithm, and first-order differentiation. After the transformation, the obtained soil and vegetation characteristics spectra correlate well with soil salt content, built soil index, and many vegetation indices. Nonlinear regression was employed to establish soil salinization remote sensing monitoring model. By comparing various spectral transformations, the first-order differential of soil spectral was the most sensitive to soil salinization degrees. The model of the current research was based on salinity index (SI) and improved soil-adjusted vegetation index (MSAVI). The correlation between simulated values and measured values was 0.758. Therefore, remote sensing monitoring derived from MSAVI–SI can greatly improve the dynamic and periodical monitoring of soil salinity in the study area.
27
Tian, Fu, Su, Yau, and Xiong. "Classifying and Predicting Salinization Level in Arid Area Soil Using a Combination of Chua’s Circuit and Fractional Order Sprott Chaotic System." Sensors 19, no. 20 (October 17, 2019): 4517. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19204517.
Full textAbstract:
Soil salinization is very complex and its evolution is affected by numerous interacting factors produce strong non-linear characteristics. This is the first time fractional order chaos theory has been applied to soil salinization-level classification to decrease uncertainty in salinization assessment, solve fuzzy problems, and analyze the spectrum chaotic features in soil with different levels of salinization. In this study, typical saline soil spectrum data from different human interference areas in Fukang City (Xinjiang) and salt index test data from an indoor chemical analysis laboratory are used as the base information source. First, we explored the correlation between the spectrum reflectance features of soil with different levels of salinization and chaotic dynamic error and chaotic attractor. We discovered that the chaotic status error in the 0.6 order has the greatest change. The 0.6 order chaotic attractors are used to establish the extension matter-element model. The determination equation is built according to the correspondence between section domain and classic domain range to salinization level. Finally, the salt content from the chemical analysis is substituted into the discriminant equation in the extension matter-element model. Analysis found that the accuracy of the discriminant equation is higher. For areas with no human interference, the extension classification can successfully identify nine out of 10 prediction data, which is a 90% identification accuracy rate. For areas with human interference, the extension classification can successfully identify 10 out of 10 prediction data, which is a success rate of 100%. The innovation in this study is the building of a smart classification model that uses a fractional order chaotic system to inversely calculate soil salinization level. This model can accurately classify salinization level and its predictive results can be used to rapidly calculate the temporal and spatial distribution of salinization in arid area/desert soil.
28
Rivera-García, Arzu, Géza Tuba, Györgyi Kovács, Lúcia Sinka, and József Zsembeli. "Correlation of secondary salinization and soil conditioning in vegetable production under irrigation with saline water." Columella : Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences 9, no. 2 (December 30, 2022): 35–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.18380/szie.colum.2022.9.2.35.
Full textAbstract:
Secondary salinization is a main problem around the world due to climate change and intrusion of salts in the soil by improper irrigation. Our aim was to study the soil salinization process by simulating vegetable production under irrigation with saline water (total soluble salt content ⁓700 mg L-1). We tested 6 different technologies of soil conditioner application and 3 vegetable crops with different sensitivity to salinity in a small plot experiment set up on a meadow chernozem soil. During the irrigation season in 2020, we regularly measured the electric conductivity (ECa) and the soil moisture content (v/v%) in the topsoil (0.1 m) and analysed these parameters with Pearson’s bivariate correlation method. As our hypothesis, we expected that there is correlation (PCC) among ECa, soil moisture content, soil conditioning, and providing the possibility to quantify the secondary salinization process. We found that all the 4 biosynthetic soil conditioners technologies minimized the harmful effect of saline irrigation. In the case of the not salt tolerant (NT) peas, the PCC correlation was higher to compost application and control expressing more intense salinization. NT beans showed a weaker correlation with lower PCCs, which must be due to its higher root activity leading to intensive leaching resulting in a lower degree of salinization. In the case of chilli with low salt tolerance (LT), micro dosing of soil conditioners was not effective in mitigating the harmful effect of secondary salinization, only full doses decreased the PCC. The salt tolerance of the investigated vegetable crops was also manifested in the yields. We found that PCC is a suitable statistical method to understand and quantify the process of secondary salinization.
29
Teshaev, Nozimjon, Bunyod Mamadaliyev, Azamjon Ibragimov, and Sayidjakhon Khasanov. "The soil-adjusted vegetation index for soil salinity assessment in Uzbekistan." InterCarto. InterGIS 26, no. 3 (2020): 324–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.35595/2414-9179-2020-3-26-324-333.
Full textAbstract:
Soil salinization, as one of the threats of land degradation, is the main environmental issue in Uzbekistan due to its aridic climate. One of the most vulnerable areas to soil salinization is Sirdarya province in Uzbekistan. The main human-induced causes of soil salinization are the insufficient operation of drainage and irrigation systems, irregular observations of the agronomic practices, and non-efficient on-farm water use. All of these causes considerably interact with the level of the groundwater, leading to an increase in the level of soil salinity. The availability of historical data on actual soil salinity in agricultural lands helps in formulating validated generic state-of-the-art approaches to control and monitor soil salinization by remote sensing and geo-information technologies. In this paper, we hypothesized that the Soil-Adjusted Vegetation Index-based results in soil salinity assessment give statistically valid illustrations and salinity patterns. As a study area, the Mirzaabad district was taken to monitor soil salinization processes since it is the most susceptible territory of Sirdarya province to soil salinization and provides considerably less agricultural products. We mainly formulated this paper based on the secondary data, as we downloaded satellite images and conducted an experiment against the in-situ method of soil salinity assessment using the Soil-Adjusted Vegetation Index. As a result, highly saline areas decreased by a factor of two during the studied period (2005–2014), while non-saline areas increased remarkably from a negligible value to over 10 000 ha. Our study showed that arable land suitability for agricultural purposes has been improving year by year, and our research held on this district also proved that there was a gradual decrease in high salt contents on the soil surface and land quality has been improved. The methodology has proven to be statistically valid and significant to be applied to other arid zones for the assessment of soil salinity. We assume that our methodology is surely considered as a possible vegetation index to evaluate salt content in arable land of either Uzbekistan or other aridic zones and our hypothesis is not rejected by this research.
30
Mujica, C. R., G. M. Milione, S. A. Bea, and J. E. Gyenge. "A process-based numerical approach to estimate forest groundwater consumption in flatland petrocalcic soils." Journal of Hydroinformatics 21, no. 6 (September 19, 2019): 1130–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/hydro.2019.093.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Grasslands are extensively distributed in flatland areas around the world, such as the Pampas in South America. It is one of the most economically productive landscapes and, as in other regions, they are being replaced by forests at increasing rates. Soil salinization emerges as a negative consequence associated with water deficit and forest groundwater consumption (∼250–500 mm/yr, in this region). An assessment of forest groundwater consumption is crucial for risk evaluation of soil salinization on flatland environments. For this aim, numerical modeling based on physical/biological processes and atmospheric boundary conditions was successfully applied in monitored grassland and afforested plots. Modeling results suggested a partial hydraulic disconnection between forest and phreatic aquifer due to the presence of petrocalcic horizons. Forest transpiration estimates were approximately 13% of total groundwater usage. Forest water consumption was then restricted to that soil portions above the petrocalcic horizons. Estimated forest transpiration rates (∼723 mm/yr) were similar to and even exceeded those reported in salinized sites with similar features. However, the risk of salinization of these soils was unlikely, because forest transpiration was restricted to the upper soil portions filled with fresh rainwater. The petrocalcic horizon retained water and prevented both deep drainage and, indirectly, soil salinization.
31
Silva, José Leôncio de Almeida, Sergio Nascimento Duarte, Demetrius David Da Silva, and Neyton De Oliveira Miranda. "Reclamation of salinized soils due to excess of fertilizers: evaluation of leaching systems and equations." DYNA 86, no. 210 (July 1, 2019): 115–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.15446/dyna.v86n210.77391.
Full textAbstract:
In regions with intense irrigation, the use of fertirrigation increases crop productivity, but excessive fertilizer application increases the risk of soil salinization. Therefore, this work used leaching equations to evaluate systems of remediation of soils salinized by excess fertilizers. The phases of the study were: salinization of soils in lysimeters, remediation of these soils, and measurement of salt concentrations in soils for comparison with estimates of empirical equations. The treatments combined soil remediation systems (continuous and intermittent) with five initial levels of soil salinity (2.0, 4.0, 6.0, 8.0, and 10.0 dS m-1). The experimental design was randomized blocks with six replicates. The Volobuyev equation best represented the salinized soil remediation in relation to the results obtained experimentally. The equations tested showed better performance in the intermittent remediation system compared to the continuous system.
32
Kravchenko, E. I., N. B. Khitrov, and I. N. Gorokhova. "Distribution of salinity in irrigated soils in the area of the Sarpinskaya hollow in the Caspian lowland." Dokuchaev Soil Bulletin, no. 106 (March 27, 2021): 5–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.19047/0136-1694-2021-106-5-48.
Full textAbstract:
The current state of salinity of irrigated soils in the area of the Sarpinskaya hollow in the Caspian lowland has been studied, using the example of the Duboovrazhny irrigated plot in the Volgograd region. At the peak of irrigation in the 85-90s of the last century, forage grasses were cultivated on the plot, irrigation was carried out by sprinkler irrigation, the groundwater level remained satisfactory, and there were no foci of secondary soil salinization. Currently, the plot is a private farm, where melons and vegetables are grown using drip irrigation, the groundwater level remains satisfactory with local formation of temporal water saturated layer. To identify the features of the process of salinization in irrigated soils in the Sarpinskaya hollow based on the materials of the field work performed in 2018–2019, a model of two-dimensional distribution (depth, distance) of the activity of ions (Ca2+, Cl–, Na+) over several profiles along weakly concave low ranges and elongated hollows between them and across relief wave was created. It was revealed that natural soil salinization predominates in the study plot mainly deeper than 1 m, and results from shallow bedding of Khvalynian chocolate clays at ranges. Solonchakous soils occur in elongated hollows between ranges where surface and subsurface runoff water is accumulated and natural drainability is low. Residual traces of soil secondary salinization expressed in the presence of calcium chloride in the soil solution were found. The maximum values of salts and exchangeable sodium are concentrated in the deeper part of the soil profile.
33
Song, Ying, Mingxiu Gao, Zhuoran Wang, Tengfei Gong, and Weifeng Chen. "Spatio–Temporal Variability Characteristics of Coastal Soil Salinization and Its Driving Factors Detection." Water 14, no. 20 (October 20, 2022): 3326. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w14203326.
Full textAbstract:
The utilization efficiency of land resources in the coastal area of the Yellow River Delta has been deeply affected by salinization hazards. Key to improvement of the utilization efficiency of resources in this area is to grasp the spatio–temporal variability law of soil salinity and identify the driving factors of salinization. Wudi County in the coastal area of the Yellow River Delta is taken as the study area. Based on the data obtained from field measurements and laboratory analysis, the characteristics of soil salinity in spring and summer were analyzed by classical statistical methods; the spatial differentiation characteristics of salinization were analyzed from two–dimensional and three–dimensional perspectives using the geographic information system (GIS) and groundwater modeling system (GMS); the time variation characteristics of salinization were quantitatively analyzed by introducing the salinization severity index (Si) and the dominant index of salinization degree change (Ci). The results show that: (1) In the study area, the soil salinity of the surface layer (0–15 cm) in summer is lower than that in spring, but the sub–surface layer (15–30 cm), the middle layer (30–45 cm) and the bottom layer (45–60 cm) are all larger than the corresponding layers in spring, and the correlation between the soil salinity of each layer in summer is generally lower than that in spring. (2) In two–dimensional space, the areas with a surface soil salinity greater than 0.4% in both seasons are mainly located in the northern part of the study area; in three–dimensional space, the soil is mainly moderately salinized in both seasons, and the complexity of the distribution of the salt profile is higher in summer than in spring; (3) Mashanzi Town was the area most seriously affected by salinization in both seasons (Si values were greater than three); In the process of seasonal alternation, the dominant change type of salinized soil is from mild aggravation to moderate, with Ci value of 38.43%, followed by severe alleviation to moderate, with Ci value of 35.49%; (4) The driving factors of soil salinization in spring are mainly the soil salinity of the subsurface and middle layer, and soil water content; and in summer, mainly the soil salinity of subsurface layer, vegetation coverage and vegetation cover type. The interaction between any two factors has greater influence on the spatial variation of salinization than the corresponding single factor.
34
Sadeghi, A., Gh Zehtabian, N. Moradi, A. Nohegar, and H. Khosravi. "Soil and Water Salinization in Ghaleh Ghazi Region, Iran." Cercetari Agronomice in Moldova 48, no. 3 (September 1, 2015): 5–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cerce-2015-0036.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Approximately 34% of soils in Asia are influenced by salts. With about 25 million ha of saline and alkaline lands, about 15% of the country, Iran has the most saline lands in Asia after China, India, and Pakistan due to its geographical position, climate and human activities. This research was done due to determine the effective factors on soil and water salinization. At the first the boundaries of this region were characterized using GIS, then landuses were determined for field survey and also soil sampling in nine landuses were done according to both factors of planting pattern and water resources in each unit. The soil profile was prepared and soil samples were obtained from surface depths of (0 - 50 cm) and some factors such as soil texture EC, SAR, pH, CaCO3, Cl and potassium were measured. For study of water resources some samples were obtained from 30 wells and also from upland runoff, then soil and water sample were analyzed and some parameters such as EC, SAR, Cl− and pH were measured. Finally, according to data base, geological map, topography map, landuse map, soil and water measured data and also field studies, soil and water salinization schedule and region status were investigated. The results showed that important factors influencing water salinization in Ghaleh Ghazi region (Iran) are geological formations located in aquifer recharge and climate condition. Important factors of soil salinization in region are irrigation with saline water, improper irrigation method, unsuitable planting method, climate condition and landform.
35
Liu, Chuncheng, Bingjian Cui, Juan Wang, Chao Hu, Pengfei Huang, Xiaojun Shen, Feng Gao, and Zhongyang Li. "Does Short-Term Combined Irrigation Using Brackish-Reclaimed Water Cause the Risk of Soil Secondary Salinization?" Plants 11, no. 19 (September 28, 2022): 2552. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants11192552.
Full textAbstract:
Brackish water has to be used to irrigate crops for harvest due to the scarcity of freshwater resources. However, brackish water irrigation may cause secondary soil salinization. Whether the combined utilization of different non-conventional water resources could relieve the risk of secondary soil salinization has not been reported. In order to explore the safe and rational utilization of brackish water in areas where freshwater resources are scarce, a pot experiment was conducted to study the risk of secondary soil mixed irrigation and rotational irrigation using brackish water and reclaimed water or freshwater. The results indicated that: (1) Short-term irrigation using reclaimed water did not cause secondary soil salinization, although increasing soil pH value, ESP, and SAR. The indices did not exceed the threshold of soil salinization. (2) Compared with mixed irrigation using brackish–freshwater, the contents of soil exchangeable Ca2+, K+, and Mg2+ increased, and the content of soil exchangeable Na+ decreased under rotational irrigation using brackish-reclaimed water. In addition, the contents of soil exchangeable Na+ and Mg2+ under mixed irrigation or rotational irrigation were significantly lower, and the exchangeable K+ content of the soil was higher compared with brackish water irrigation. The exchangeable Ca2+ content under rotational irrigation was higher than that of brackish water irrigation, while the reverse was seen under mixed irrigation. (3) For different combined utilization modes of brackish water and reclaimed water, the ESP and SAR were the lowest under rotational irrigation, followed by mixed irrigation and brackish water irrigation. The ESP under brackish water treatment exceeded 15%, indicating a certain risk of salinization, while ESPs under other treatments were below 15%. Under mixed irrigation or rational irrigation using reclaimed-brackish water, the higher the proportion or rotational times of reclaimed water, the lower the risk of secondary soil salinization. Therefore, short-term combined irrigation using brackish water and reclaimed water will not cause the risk of secondary soil salinization, but further experiments need to verify or cooperate with other agronomic measures in long-term utilization.
36
Perri, Saverio, Samir Suweis, Alex Holmes, Prashanth R. Marpu, Dara Entekhabi, and Annalisa Molini. "River basin salinization as a form of aridity." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 117, no. 30 (July 10, 2020): 17635–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2005925117.
Full textAbstract:
Soil-salinization affects, to a different extent, more than one-third of terrestrial river basins (estimate based on the Food and Agriculture Organization Harmonized World Soil Database, 2012). Among these, many are endorheic and ephemeral systems already encompassing different degrees of aridity, land degradation, and vulnerability to climate change. The primary effect of salinization is to limit plant water uptake and evapotranspiration, thereby reducing available soil moisture and impairing soil fertility. In this, salinization resembles aridity and—similarly to aridity—may impose significant controls on hydrological partitioning and the strength of land–vegetation–atmosphere interactions at the catchment scale. However, the long-term impacts of salinization on the terrestrial water balance are still largely unquantified. Here, we introduce a modified Budyko’s framework explicitly accounting for catchment-scale salinization and species-specific plant salt tolerance. The proposed framework is used to interpret the water-budget data of 237 Australian catchments—29% of which are already severely salt-affected—from the Australian Water Availability Project (AWAP). Our results provide theoretical and experimental evidence that salinization does influence the hydrological partitioning of salt-affected watersheds, imposing significant constraints on water availability and enhancing aridity. The same approach can be applied to estimate salinization level and vegetation salt tolerance at the basin scale, which would be difficult to assess through classical observational techniques. We also demonstrate that plant salt tolerance has a preeminent role in regulating the feedback of vegetation on the soil water budget of salt-affected basins.
37
Wu, Zhenhua, Mingliang Che, Shutao Zhang, Linghua Duo, Shaogang Lei, Qingqing Lu, and Qingwu Yan. "Remote Sensing Monitoring and Driving Force Analysis of Salinized Soil in Grassland Mining Area." Sustainability 14, no. 2 (January 10, 2022): 741. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14020741.
Full textAbstract:
To deal with the problem of soil salinization that exists widely in semi-arid grassland, the Shengli Coalfield in Xilinhot City was selected as the study area. Six periods of Landsat remote sensing data in 2002, 2005, 2008, 2011, 2014, and 2017 were used to extract the salinity index (SI) and surface albedo to construct the SI-Albedo feature space. The salinization monitoring index (SMI) was used to calculate and classify the soil salinization grades in the study area. The soil salinization status and its dynamic changes were monitored and analyzed. Combined with the logistic regression model, the roles of human and natural factors in the development of soil salinization were determined. The results were as follows: (1) The SMI index constructed using the SI-Albedo feature space is simple and easy to calculate, which is conducive to remote sensing monitoring of salinized soil. R2 of the SMI and soil salt content in the 2017 data from the study area is 0.7313, which achieves good results in the quantitative analysis and monitoring of soil salinization in the Xilinhot Shengli Coalfield. (2) The study area is a grassland landscape. However, grassland landscapes are decreasing year by year, and town landscapes, mining landscapes, and road landscapes are greatly increased. The areas of soil salinization reversion in the Shengli mining area from 2002–2005, 2005–2008, 2008–2011, 2011–2014, 2014–2017, and 2002–2017 were 65.64 km2, 1.03 km2, 18.44 km2, 0.9 km2, 7.52 km2, and 62.33 km2, respectively. The overall trend of soil salinization in the study area was reversed from 2002 to 2017. (3) The driving factors of salinized land from 2002 to 2008 are as follows: the distance to the nearest town landscape > the distance to the nearest mining landscape > the distance to the nearest road landscape. The driving factors of salinized land from 2008 to 2017 are as follows: the distance to nearest mining landscape > the distance to the nearest water landscape > the distance to nearest town landscape > altitude > aspect. Coal exploitation and town expansion have occupied a large amount of saline land, and petroleum exploitation and abandoned railway test sites have intensified the development of saline land. This study provides a reference for the treatment and protection of soil salinization in semi-arid grassland mining areas.
38
Huang, F., P. Wang, Y. Liu, and H. Y. Li. "LAND SALINIZATION DYNAMICS BASED ON FEATURE SPACE COMBINATIONS FROM LANDSAT IMAGE IN TONGYU COUNTY, NORTHEAST CHINA." ISPRS Annals of Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences V-3-2020 (August 3, 2020): 25–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-v-3-2020-25-2020.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract. Land salinization is one of the most common land degradation processes. Tongyu county exemplifies all the forms of land degradation in Northeast China and is prone to land salinization due to its fragile physical conditions. In this study, Landsat remote sensing images are adopted to invert surface albedo, MSAVI (modified soil adjusted vegetation index), and salinity index (SI) data. The feature space models of albedo-SI and MSAVI-SI, considering the bare soil and vegetation information respectively, are constructed and compared. Land salinization changes for the period of 1998–2017 are investigated using the salinization monitoring index (SMI) and salinization detection index (SDI) extracted from the feature space models. Our results show that the land salinization situation in Tongyu county have tended to improve, associated with the biological, ecological and engineering means for the degraded land rehabilitation. The feature space models is applicable for the extraction of salinization information, and albedo-SI may evaluate land salinization levels with higher accuracy.
39
Bian, Lingling, Juanle Wang, Jing Liu, and Baomin Han. "Spatiotemporal Changes of Soil Salinization in the Yellow River Delta of China from 2015 to 2019." Sustainability 13, no. 2 (January 15, 2021): 822. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13020822.
Full textAbstract:
Soil salinization poses a significant challenge for achieving sustainable utilization of land resources, especially in coastal, arid, and semi-arid areas. Timely monitoring of soil salt content and its spatial distribution is conducive to secure efficient agricultural development in these regions. In this study, to address the persistent problem of soil salinization in the Yellow River Delta in China, the feature space method was used to construct multiple feature spaces of surface albedo (Albedo)–modified soil-adjusted vegetation index (MSAVI), salinity index (SI)–Albedo, and SI–normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), and an optimal inversion model of soil salinity was developed. Based on Landsat 8 Operational Land Imager (OLI) image data and simultaneous field-measured sampling data, an optimal model from 2015 to 2019 was used to obtain the soil salt content in the region at a 30 m resolution. The results show that the proportion of soil salinization in 2015 and 2019 was approximately 76% and 70%, respectively, and overall soil salinization showed a downward trend. The salinization-mitigated areas are primarily distributed in the southwest of the Yellow River Delta, and the aggravated areas are distributed in the northeast and southeast. In general, the spatial variation characteristics show an increasing trend from the southwest to the eastern coastal areas, corresponding to the formation mechanism of salt accumulation in the region. Further, corresponding sustainable development countermeasures and suggestions were proposed for different salinity levels. Meanwhile, this study revealed that the SI–Albedo feature space model is the most suitable for inversion of salinization in coastal areas.
40
Tedeschi, Anna. "Irrigated Agriculture on Saline Soils: A Perspective." Agronomy 10, no. 11 (October 23, 2020): 1630. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10111630.
Full textAbstract:
Approximately 6.5% of the world’s arable and marginal soils are either saline or sodic. The situation will worsen due to climate change. Regardless of the cause that generated the salinity, i.e., whether primary or secondary, the effect of soil salinization on plant growth and on living organisms will be severe. To mitigate such impacts, several studies have been carried out over the years with the aim of providing technical or management solutions to deal with the multiple consequences of soil salinity. A review by Cuevas et al. proposes a new approach looking for solutions through soil-improving cropping systems (SICSs). The SICSs have to prevent, mitigate or remediate the negative impacts of soil salinization. The efforts of Cuevas et al. were to organize the analyses by focusing on SICSs that would: (1) prevent or halt secondary salinization; (2) cope with salinization; (3) reverse salinization. The study is concluded by an effort to assess the impacts of each SICS and of the combined SICSs application in terms of agronomic, economic, and environmental aspects. Both economic constraints and the collective willingness of stakeholders to innovate are taken into in the evaluation of feasibility. It is important to put into practice and/or identify a number of sustainable actions, at low environmental input, to improve crop tolerance to water deficit and high salinity as well as to preserve biodiversity and mitigate the impact of climate changes. At the same time, these actions would ensure crop productivity in the area, thus guaranteeing environment and social benefits to the local population, and thus weakening the motivation to abandon the land. The aim of this editorial is to propose a broader perspective on the review by Cuevas et al. “A Review of Soil-Improving Cropping Systems for Soil Salinization”. In the review, the authors go through several soil-improving cropping systems (SICSs) by considering them separately or in combination with the aim to provide guidelines towards resolving, counteracting or mitigating soil salinity. I tried to highlight the strengths of the study by Cuevas et al., while suggesting related topics that may deserve further attention by the community.
41
Tagaev, A. M., K. A. Akshalov, and S. P. Makhmadzjanov. "Efficiency of complex agro-reclamation on irrigated lands." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1043, no. 1 (June 1, 2022): 012054. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1043/1/012054.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract In recent years, due to the irrational use of land and the irregular implementation of agro-reclamation measures, there has been a rise in the level of mineralized groundwater and secondary salinization of soils, which has affected the decline in the seed-cotton yield. The area of nonsaline soils in this region is decreasing from year to year, and there is also a shortage of water resources. Irrigated lands are mostly plowed to a depth of only 30 cm. Such shallow basic tillage for such a long time contributed to the formation of a rigid "plow pan" in the arable layer and an increase in soil bulk weight and salinization, which negatively affected the yield of agricultural crops, including cotton. Currently, in serozems (grey earth), the basic tillage is carried out to a depth of 30 cm. Shallow soil plowing for many years affects the density formation in the soil layer, that is, an increase in the bulk weight of the soil and its salinization, which negatively affects the yield of cotton plantations. This complex of negative factors leads to a decrease in the fertility of serozems and soil erosion. Scientists of the Agricultural Experiment Station for Cotton and Melon Growing, in conditions of progressive dehumification and to prevent soil salinity, as well as to increase their soil fertility and cotton yield on irrigated gray-earth soils, scientific research was conducted based on the use of complex intensive agro-reclamation measures.
42
Cuevas, Julián, Ioannis N. Daliakopoulos, Fernando del Moral, Juan J. Hueso, and Ioannis K. Tsanis. "A Review of Soil-Improving Cropping Systems for Soil Salinization." Agronomy 9, no. 6 (June 6, 2019): 295. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy9060295.
Full textAbstract:
A major challenge of the Sustainable Development Goals linked to Agriculture, Food Security, and Nutrition, under the current global crop production paradigm, is that increasing crop yields often have negative environmental impacts. It is therefore urgent to develop and adopt optimal soil-improving cropping systems (SICS) that can allow us to decouple these system parameters. Soil salinization is a major environmental hazard that limits agricultural potential and is closely linked to agricultural mismanagement and water resources overexploitation, especially in arid climates. Here we review literature seeking to ameliorate the negative effect of soil salinization on crop productivity and conduct a global meta-analysis of 128 paired soil quality and yield observations from 30 studies. In this regard, we compared the effectivity of different SICS that aim to cope with soil salinization across 11 countries, in order to reveal those that are the most promising. The analysis shows that besides case-specific optimization of irrigation and drainage management, combinations of soil amendments, conditioners, and residue management can contribute to significant reductions of soil salinity while significantly increasing crop yields. These results highlight that conservation agriculture can also achieve the higher yields required for upscaling and sustaining crop production.
43
Kara, Tekin, and Lyman S. Willardson . "Leaching Requirements to Prevent Soil Salinization." Journal of Applied Sciences 6, no. 7 (March 15, 2006): 1481–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/jas.2006.1481.1489.
Full text
44
孙, 玉芳. "Progress on Salinization Soil Restoration Method." International Journal of Ecology 03, no. 02 (2014): 30–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.12677/ije.2014.32005.
Full text
45
Wiebe, B. H., R. G. Eilers, W. D. Eilers, and J. A. Brierley. "Application of a risk indicator for assessing trends in dryland salinization risk on the Canadian Prairies." Canadian Journal of Soil Science 87, Special Issue (March 1, 2007): 213–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/s06-068.
Full textAbstract:
Moderate to severe soil salinity currently affects the surface 60 cm of approximately 1 million ha within agricultural regions of the prairies. The subsoil (60–120 cm) is affected on about 3.5 million ha. The risk of soil salinization (RSS) indicator was developed to measure and monitor the change in risk of soil salinization in the Canadian Prairies as a function of changes in agricultural land use and management practices as reported in the Canadian Census of Agriculture. We have expressed the RSS indicator in five classes from very low to very high risk. In 1981, 18.4% of the land area in the agricultural regions of the prairies was rated as having a moderate or higher risk of salinization. By 2001 this had improved to less than 12% (8 million ha). Prairie-wide the land area at high and very high risk of salinization decreased from 6.2 to 4.4% of agricultural landscapes and the area at moderate risk decreased from 12.2 to 7.3%. We attribute this improvement largely to a reduction in summer fallow with a minor contribution from increased use of permanent cover. Although the risk of soil salinization is far from eliminated, the trend is towards greater agri-environmental sustainability. Key words: Risk of soil salinization, dryland salinity, land use, summer fallow, permanent cover
46
Sahbeni, Ghada, Maurice Ngabire, Peter K. Musyimi, and Balázs Székely. "Challenges and Opportunities in Remote Sensing for Soil Salinization Mapping and Monitoring: A Review." Remote Sensing 15, no. 10 (May 12, 2023): 2540. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs15102540.
Full textAbstract:
Meeting current needs without compromising future generations’ ability to meet theirs is the only path toward achieving environmental sustainability. As the most valuable natural resource, soil faces global, regional, and local challenges, from quality degradation to mass losses brought on by salinization. These issues affect agricultural productivity and ecological balance, undermining sustainability and food security. Therefore, timely monitoring and accurate mapping of salinization processes are crucial, especially in semi-arid and arid regions where climate variability impacts have already reached alarming levels. Salt-affected soil mapping has enormous potential thanks to recent progress in remote sensing. This paper comprehensively reviews the potential of remote sensing to assess soil salinization. The review demonstrates that large-scale soil salinity estimation based on remote sensing tools remains a significant challenge, primarily due to data resolution and acquisition costs. Fundamental trade-offs constrain practical remote sensing applications in salinization mapping between data resolution, spatial and temporal coverage, acquisition costs, and high accuracy expectations. This article provides an overview of research work related to soil salinization mapping and monitoring using remote sensing. By synthesizing recent research and highlighting areas where further investigation is needed, this review helps to steer future efforts, provides insight for decision-making on environmental sustainability and soil resource management, and promotes interdisciplinary collaboration.
47
Guo, Zhi Dong, Xue Jun Zhang, and Yan Rong Liu. "Researches on the Coal Fly Ash Applied to Saline Soil Improvement in Rural Roads." Applied Mechanics and Materials 405-408 (September 2013): 2616–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.405-408.2616.
Full textAbstract:
There is a wide range of saline soil distributied in China , 4.88% of the country's land can be used for salinization land.The salinization of soil in Tianjin area is 6614200 acres among them.The saline soil characteristics of collapsibillity, expansion, corrosion resistance are easy to make the roads salt cause expansion deformation, melting trap net crack and potholes, falling off and any other diseases, thus it is currently an urgent need to solve the problem of saline soil improved road in the salinization area of rural highway construction.Research group in the Green Meadow Depression saline soil application, applies the power plant fly ash resources based on the technology support analysis, obtains feasible technology application results.
48
Savin, I. Yu, A. G. Terekhov, E. N. Amirgaliev, and G. N. Sagatdinova. "Satellite Monitoring of Salinization of Irrigated Soils in South Kazakhstan." Почвоведение, no. 10 (October 1, 2023): 1259–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s0032180x23600543.
Full textAbstract:
The results of approbation of new approaches to monitoring and forecasting of soil salinity of irrigated soils, based on indirect detection of soil salinity using multi-year archives of satellite data, are presented. Research was carried out on example of irrigated lands of Maktaaral district of Turkestan region of the Republic of Kazakhstan. As an indicator of soil salinity level frequency and terms of soil leaching from salts are used, which are identified on the basis of multi-year archives of satellite data Sentinel-1,2 and Landsat-8 (from 2016 to 2022). Information about the frequency of soil leaching from salts and the year of the last leaching allowed ranking the fields by the degree of soil salinity. Comparison of the obtained information with the fine-scale soil map and with statistical data based on field surveys of the fields showed a good level of similarity of the soil salinity level of the test region. A similar approach can be used for other regions with irrigated soils subjected to secondary salinization. It does not require additional adaptation and is based on simple algorithms of recognition from satellite data of water surface.
49
Centeri, Csaba. "Soil Water Erosion." Water 14, no. 3 (February 1, 2022): 447. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w14030447.
Full text
50
Li, Hongfang, Jian Wang, Hu Liu, Zhanmin Wei, and Henglu Miao. "Quantitative Analysis of Temporal and Spatial Variations of Soil Salinization and Groundwater Depth along the Yellow River Saline–Alkali Land." Sustainability 14, no. 12 (June 7, 2022): 6967. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14126967.
Full textAbstract:
To study the spatial distribution of soil salinization, the temporal and spatial variations of groundwater depth, along the Yellow River saline–alkali land, were analyzed. GIS technology was used to conduct spatial interpolation and quantitative analysis in Shahao, including salinization data obtained before summer irrigation, and groundwater depth data for one hydrological year from long-term observation wells. The results indicate that the groundwater depth gradually shallows from south to north, consistent with the topography of the area, and soil salinization is greater in the central and northern parts of the study area. Alkaline soils are widespread in the surface-to-middle soil, accounting for 55.2–62.5% of the total land area. A total of 28.6% of the surface layer is heavily salinized. The crop emergence rate of heavily salinized cropland is only 30–50%. The high salt content of the Yellow River itself, freeze–thaw change and poor drainage are three important factors causing the high soil salinity along the Yellow River saline–alkali land. The changes of groundwater depth are divided into autumn irrigation, the freezing period and the crop-growth period. The return of soil salt in spring caused by autumn irrigation mainly affects the uppermost soil layer (0–100 mm depth).