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Academic literature on the topic 'Soil properties and soil organic carbon'

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Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Soil properties and soil organic carbon"

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Wang, Z. M., B. Zhang, K. S. Song, D. W. Liu, F. Li, Z. X. Guo, and S. M. Zhang. "Soil organic carbon under different landscape attributes in croplands of Northeast China." Plant, Soil and Environment 54, No. 10 (October 24, 2008): 420–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/402-pse.

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Soil organic carbon (SOC) was measured in topsoil samples of agricultural soils from 311 locations of Jiutai County, Northeast China. The spatial characteristics of SOC were studied using the Geographic Information Systems and geostatistics. Effects of other soil physical and chemical properties, elevation, slope, soil type and land use type were explored. SOC concentrations followed a lognormal distribution, with a geometric mean of 1.50%. The experimental variogram of SOC has been fitted with an exponential model. Our results highlighted total nitrogen and pH as the soil properties that have the greatest influence on SOC levels. Upland eroding areas have significantly less SOC than soils in deposition areas. Results showed that, soil type had a significant relationship with SOC, reflecting the effect of soil parent materials. Soil samples from paddy fields and vegetable fields had higher SOC concentrations than those from dry farming land.
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Vandana Kumari, Ranjan Laik, Shishpal Poonia, and Debabrata Nath. "Regulation of soil organic carbon stock with physical properties in alluvial soils of Bihar." Environment Conservation Journal 23, no. 1&2 (April 17, 2022): 309–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.36953/ecj.021791-2110.

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Soil temperature and water content govern the breakdown of soil organic matter (SOM), which has a large impact on SOC storage. Apparently soil organic carbon is an excellent indicator of soil health. In this experiment, the association between several soil health indices such as soil organic carbon (SOC), soil texture, and wet aggregate stability was investigated (WAS). It was discovered that there is a substantial positive relationship between wet aggregate stability and soil organic carbon storage. Soil carbon store in East Champaran soils ranged from 5.27 to 19.60 mg/ha, with an average of 12.98 mg/ha. The wet aggregate stability ranged from 3.82 to 36.43 %, with a mean of 16.11 %. Wet aggregate stability was shown to increase as the organic carbon storage in the soil increased. This experiment also indicated that clay (%) and silt (%) had a direct impact on wet aggregate stability and, as a result, soil organic carbon storage. As a result, wet aggregate stability and soil texture have a direct and favourable influence on soil organic carbon storage in East Champaran, Bihar soils
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Ogunwole, Joshua O., Luis C. Timm, Evelyn O. Obidike-Ugwu, and Donald M. Gabriels. "State-Space Estimation of Soil Organic Carbon Stock." International Agrophysics 28, no. 2 (April 1, 2014): 185–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/intag-2014-0007.

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Abstract Understanding soil spatial variability and identifying soil parameters most determinant to soil organic carbon stock is pivotal to precision in ecological modelling, prediction, estimation and management of soil within a landscape. This study investigates and describes field soil variability and its structural pattern for agricultural management decisions. The main aim was to relate variation in soil organic carbon stock to soil properties and to estimate soil organic carbon stock from the soil properties. A transect sampling of 100 points at 3 m intervals was carried out. Soils were sampled and analyzed for soil organic carbon and other selected soil properties along with determination of dry aggregate and water-stable aggregate fractions. Principal component analysis, geostatistics, and state-space analysis were conducted on the analyzed soil properties. The first three principal components explained 53.2% of the total variation; Principal Component 1 was dominated by soil exchange complex and dry sieved macroaggregates clusters. Exponential semivariogram model described the structure of soil organic carbon stock with a strong dependence indicating that soil organic carbon values were correlated up to 10.8m.Neighbouring values of soil organic carbon stock, all waterstable aggregate fractions, and dithionite and pyrophosphate iron gave reliable estimate of soil organic carbon stock by state-space.
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Chassé, Mathieu, Suzanne Lutfalla, Lauric Cécillon, François Baudin, Samuel Abiven, Claire Chenu, and Pierre Barré. "Long-term bare-fallow soil fractions reveal thermo-chemical properties controlling soil organic carbon dynamics." Biogeosciences 18, no. 5 (March 10, 2021): 1703–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-1703-2021.

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Abstract. Evolution of organic carbon content in soils has the potential to be a major driver of atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations over the next century. Understanding soil carbon dynamics is a challenge due to a wide range of residence times of soil organic matter and limited constraints on the mechanisms influencing its persistence. In particular, large uncertainties exist regarding the persistence of pyrogenic organic carbon in soils. In order to characterize organic matter with varying degrees of persistence and to distinguish pyrogenic organic carbon, we combined Rock-Eval analysis, a thermo-chemical method, with the benzene polycarboxylic acid molecular marker method and Raman spectroscopy to characterize samples from long-term bare-fallow experiments, progressively depleted in the most labile organic carbon over time. Considering the heterogeneity of soil samples, size fractions have been separated to distinguish pools of organic carbon with distinct properties. We observe that organic carbon dynamics is dependent on granulometry. A pool of organic carbon with intermediate residence times, from years to a few decades, representing ca. 65 % of the bulk soil organic carbon stock, is mainly associated with fine fractions (< 20 µm). With time under bare fallow, this organic carbon is progressively transferred towards finer fractions through the breakdown of organic matter. Coarse fractions (> 20 µm) are rich in centennially persistent organic carbon, representing ca. 20 % of the initial organic carbon stock, due to the chemical recalcitrance of organic matter in these fractions, dominated by pyrogenic organic carbon. A second pool of persistent organic carbon, representing ca. 15 % of the initial organic carbon stock, is associated with the clay fraction, indicating mechanisms of protection occurring at the submicron scale (< 2 µm). This persistent organic carbon only represents 30 % of the organic carbon initially present in the clay fraction. Persistent organic carbon exhibits heterogeneous chemical signatures depending on the considered pool but a consistent thermal signature demonstrating the relationship between thermal stability and biogeochemical stability of soil organic carbon. This gives the possibility of assessing the size of the persistent organic carbon pool in soils using thermal parameters. The persistence of pyrogenic organic carbon in the clay fraction is similar to the one of total organic carbon. The different persistence of coarse and fine pyrogenic organic carbon resides in the highly condensed nature of sand-sized pyrogenic carbon, which may result from burning temperatures over 700 ∘C. Pyrogenic organic carbon is not inert but exhibits a consistent increase in the level of condensation with time in all size fractions, showing the role of chemical quality in pyrogenic organic carbon persistence. Overall, this study helps improve the separation, evaluation and characterization of carbon pools with distinct residence times in soils and gives insight into the mechanistic origin of soil organic carbon dynamics.
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Blanco-Canqui, H., C. A. Shapiro, C. S. Wortmann, R. A. Drijber, M. Mamo, T. M. Shaver, and R. B. Ferguson. "Soil organic carbon: The value to soil properties." Journal of Soil and Water Conservation 68, no. 5 (August 23, 2013): 129A—134A. http://dx.doi.org/10.2489/jswc.68.5.129a.

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Chen, Xiaodong, Jinggui Wu, and Yaa Opoku-Kwanowaa. "Effects of Organic Wastes on Soil Organic Carbon and Surface Charge Properties in Primary Saline-alkali Soil." Sustainability 11, no. 24 (December 11, 2019): 7088. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11247088.

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High salinity and low fertility have restricted crop production in primary saline-alkali soils. Soil organic carbon (SOC) and surface charge characteristics affect the soil fertility and soil colloid characteristics of primary saline-alkali soils, respectively. In this paper, the SOC and surface charge properties of primary saline-alkaline soil under organic wastes applications were assessed. Five treatments were involved in this experiment: chemical fertilizer combined with sheep manure (SM), corn straw (CS), fodder grass (FG), and granular corn straw (GS), while chemical fertilizer only was used as control (CK). The content of SOC was significantly different under different organic wastes application (p < 0.05). Treatment GS recorded the highest content of SOC compared with the other treatments. In addition, the content of each SOC density fraction increased after the application of organic wastes. Similarly, the application of organic wastes, increased the proportion of organic carbon in free light fraction (Fr-FLOC) and organic carbon in occluded fraction (Oc-FLOC) in the soil however the proportion of organic carbon in heavy fraction (HFOC) decreased. In this study, we found that treatment GS has a greater impact on soil surface charge properties than other treatments, and through redundancy analysis (RDA) the content of SOC and Fr-LFOC (F = 24.704, p = 0.004; F = 19.594, p = 0.002) were identified as the main factors affecting the surface charge properties of soil organic carbon. In conclusion, GS is the recommended organic waste for ameliorating primary saline-alkali soil, as compared to the other organic waste treatments.
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Piaszczyk, Wojciech, Ewa Błoñska, and Jarosław Lasota. "Study on the effect of organic fertilizers on soil organic matter and enzyme activities of soil in forest nursery." Soil Science Annual 68, no. 3 (September 1, 2017): 125–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ssa-2017-0015.

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Abstract The aim of the study was to assess the effects of organic fertilization on selected chemical properties of the soil and the activity of dehydrogenase and β-glucosidase in the soil of forest nursery. The main goal was to evaluate the role of organic fertilizers in carbon storage in the forest nursery soil. Sample plots were located in northern Poland in the Polanów Forest District on a forest nursery. Soil samples were collected from horizon 0–20 cm for laboratory analyzes. In soil samples pH, soil texture, and organic carbon, nitrogen, base cation contents, dehydrogenase activity and β-glucosidase activity were determined. The obtained results were used to evaluate the carbon storage. The results confirm the beneficial effect of the applied organic fertilizer on chemical properties of the soils under study and their biological activity. The applied organic fertilizers had an impact on increased accumulation of soil organic matter. In the soils investigated, there was an increase in the activity of such enzymes as dehydrogenases and β-glucosidase.
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Zádorová, T., O. Jakšík, R. Kodešová, and V. Penížek. " Influence of terrain attributes and soil properties on soil aggregate stability." Soil and Water Research 6, No. 3 (September 19, 2011): 111–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/15/2011-swr.

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&nbsp; The study on the relationship between the soil aggregates stability assessed using water stable aggregate (WSA) index and the selected terrain and soil properties was performed on a morphologically diverse study site in Chernozem soil region of Southern Moravia. Soil analyses and detailed digital elevation model processing were the main methods adopted in the study. The soil structure stability is negatively influenced by the soil material removal from the steep parts of the back-slope and re-deposition of the mineral loess material at the base of the slope. The highest aggregates stability was identified in the upper flat parts of the study plot, undisturbed by erosion processes, and at the concave parts of the back-slope with intensive accumulation of organic matter. Statistical analysis showed a significant dependence of aggregates stability on organic carbon content and plan curvature index.
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Krzyżaniak, M., and J. Lemanowicz. "Enzymatic activity of the Kuyavia Mollic Gleysols (Poland) against their chemical properties  ." Plant, Soil and Environment 59, No. 8 (July 31, 2013): 359–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/211/2013-pse.

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The research results have shown that the enzyme pH index (0.49&ndash;0.83) confirmed the neutral or alkaline nature of the soils. Neither the changes in the content of available phosphorus nor in the activity of dehydrogenases, catalase, alkaline and acid phosphatase in soil were due to the factors triggering soil salinity; they were a result of the naturally high content of carbon of organic compounds, which was statistically verified with the analysis of correlation between the parameters. There were recorded highly significant values of the coefficients of correlation between the content of available phosphorus in soil and the activity of alkaline (r = 0.96; P &lt; 0.05) and acid phosphatase (r = 0.91; P &lt; 0.05) as well as dehydrogenase (r = 0.90; P &lt; 0.05). To sum up, one can state that Mollic Gleysols in Inowrocław are the soils undergoing seasonal salinity; however, a high content of ions responsible for salinity is balanced with a high content of organic carbon, humus, phosphorus and calcium directly affecting the fertility of the soils analyzed. The activity of the enzymes depended on the natural content of carbon of organic compounds and not on the factors affecting the soil salinity, which points to the potential of such tests for soil environment monitoring.
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Moyano, F. E., N. Vasilyeva, L. Bouckaert, F. Cook, J. Craine, J. Curiel Yuste, A. Don, et al. "The moisture response of soil heterotrophic respiration: interaction with soil properties." Biogeosciences Discussions 8, no. 6 (December 2, 2011): 11577–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bgd-8-11577-2011.

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Abstract. Soil moisture is of primary importance for predicting the evolution of soil carbon stocks and fluxes, both because it strongly controls organic matter decomposition and because it is predicted to change at global scales in the following decades. However, the soil functions used to model the heterotrophic respiration response to moisture have limited empirical support and introduce an uncertainty of at least 4 % in global soil carbon stock predictions by 2100. The necessity of improving the representation of this relationship in models has been highlighted in recent studies. Here we present a data-driven analysis of soil moisture-respiration relations based on 90 soils. With the use of linear models we show how the relationship between soil heterotrophic respiration and different measures of soil moisture is consistently affected by soil properties. The empirical models derived include main and moisture interaction effects of soil texture, organic carbon content and bulk density. When compared to other functions currently used in different soil biogeochemical models, we observe that our results can correct biases and reconcile differences within and between such functions. Ultimately, accurate predictions of the response of soil carbon to future climate scenarios will require the integration of soil-dependent moisture-respiration functions coupled with realistic representations of soil water dynamics.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Soil properties and soil organic carbon"

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Siewert, Matthias. "High-­resolution mapping of soil organic carbon storage and soil properties in Siberian periglacial terrain." Licentiate thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för naturgeografi, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-120275.

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In the past years considerable attention has been given to soil organic carbon (SOC) stored in permafrost-affected soils in periglacial terrain. Studies have shown that these soils store around half the global SOC pool, making them a key component of the global carbon cycle. Much of the SOC presently stored in these soils has accumulated since the Pleistocene and is protected from decomposition and erosion by low temperatures close to or below the freezing point. This makes it vulnerable to remobilization under a warming climate. This thesis provides new data on SOC storage in three study areas in Siberian periglacial terrain. A high-resolution land cover classification (LCC) for each study area is used to perform detailed vertical and spatial partitioning of SOC. The results show that the vast majority (>86%) of the ecosystem carbon is stored in the top meter of soil. Low relative storage of carbon in plant phytomass indicates limited uptake potential by vegetation and emphasises the vulnerability of the SOC pool to geomorphic changes. Peat formation as well as cryoturbation are identified as the two main pedogenic processes leading to accumulation of SOC. Presence or absence of ice-rich Yedoma deposits determine soil formation and SOC storage at landscape scale. At local scale, periglacial landforms dominate SOC allocation in the tundra, while forest ecosystem dynamics and catenary position control SOC storage in the taiga. A large diversity of soil types is found in these environments and soil properties within pedons can be highly variable with depth. High-resolution satellite imagery allows upscaling of the SOC storage at unprecedented detail, but replication of soil pedons is a limiting factor for mapping of SOC in remote periglacial regions. Future research must look beyond traditional LCC approaches and investigate additional data-sources such as digital elevation models. The concept of state factors of soil formation is advocated as a framework to investigate present day and future SOC allocation in periglacial terrain.
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Jung, Ji Young. "Nitrogen Fertilization Impacts on Soil Organic Carbon and Structural Properties under Switchgrass." The Ohio State University, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1284983372.

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Nichols, Lara Kaitlin. "Relationships Among Soil Properties and Soil CO2 Efflux in a Loblolly Pine-Switchgrass Intercropped System." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/51945.

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The components of soil CO2 efflux are affected by many soil properties including temperature, moisture, microbial abundance and activity, and other soil physical and chemical properties. Changes in these factors can result in high spatial and temporal variability of total soil CO2 efflux. Low molecular weight organic acids (LMWOAs), dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and dissolved organic nitrogen (DON), microbial biomass and activity were measured to evaluate the impact of intercropping switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) in a loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) plantation. Surface soil samples (0-15 cm) were collected on the bed (PSG-B), interbed (PSG-I) and edge (PSG-E) of pine-switchgrass intercropped treatments, as well as pine only (P-B) and switchgrass only (SG-I) treatments. Differences in most soil properties and processes of intercropped treatments were sporadic and most did not show clear trends. However, significant correlations between DOC, soil temperature, oxalic and acetic acids and soil CO2 efflux were present. In an multiple regression model these factors explained 57% of the variance in total soil CO2 efflux. Therefore we think that LMWOAs, as a labile component of DOC, are influencing total CO2 efflux because they are being consumed by microbial community, increasing heterotrophic respiration and as a result overall total CO2 efflux. The amount and distribution of labile C controls microbial community dynamics, heterotrophic respiration as well as the stabilization of soil C.
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Jonsson, Sofia. "The influence of soil and contaminant properties on the efficiency of physical and chemical soil remediation methods." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Kemi, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-21040.

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A vast number of sites that have been contaminated by industrial activities have been identified worldwide. Many such sites now pose serious risks to humans and the environment. Given the large number of contaminated sites there is a great need for efficient, cost-effective  remediation methods. Extensive research has therefore been focused on the development of such methods. However, the remediation of old industrial sites is challenging, for several reasons. One major  problem is that organic contaminants become increasingly strongly sequestered as they persist in the soil matrix for a long period of time. This process is often referred to as ‘aging’, and leads to decreasing availability of the contaminants, which also affects the remediation efficiency. In the work underlying this thesis, the influence of soil and contaminant properties on the efficiency of various physical and chemical soil remediation methods was investigated. The investigated contaminants were polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and dibenzofurans (PCDFs). Briefly, the results show that as the size of soil particles decreases the contaminants become more strongly sorbed to the soil’s matrix, probably due to the accompanying increases in specific surface area. This affected the efficiency of the removal of organic pollutants by both a process based on solvent washing and processes based on chemical oxidation. The sorption strength is also affected by the hydrophobicity of the contaminants. However, for a number of the investigated PAHs their chemical reactivity was found to be of greater importance for the degradation efficiency. Further, the organic content of a soil is often regarded as the most important soil parameter for adsorption of hydrophobic compounds. In these studies the effect of this parameter was found to be particularly pronounced for the oxidation of low molecular weight PAHs, but larger PAHs were strongly adsorbed even at low levels of organic matter. However, for these PAHs the degradation efficiency was positively correlated to the amount of degraded organic matter, probably due to the organic matter being oxidized to smaller and less hydrophobic forms. The amount of organic matter in the soil had little effect on the removal efficiency obtained by the solvent-washing process. However, it had strong influence on the performance of a subsequent, granular activated carbon-based post-treatment of the washing liquid. In conclusion, the results in this thesis show that remediation of contaminated soils is a complex process, the efficiency of which will be affected by the soil matrix as well as the properties of the contaminants present at the site. However, by acquiring thorough knowledge of the parameters affecting the treatability of a soil it is possible to select appropriate remediation methods, and optimize them in terms of both remediation efficiency and costs for site- and contaminant-specific applications.
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Waiser, Travis Heath. "In situ characterization of soil properties using visible near-infrared diffuse reflectance spectroscopy." Thesis, Texas A&M University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/5915.

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Diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) is a rapid proximal-sensing method that is being used more and more in laboratory settings to measure soil properties. Diffuse reflectance spectroscopy research that has been completed in laboratories shows promising results, but very little has been reported on how DRS will work in a field setting on soils scanned in situ. Seventy-two soil cores were obtained from six fields in Erath and Comanche County, Texas. Each soil core was scanned with a visible near-infrared (VNIR) spectrometer with a spectral range of 350-2500 nm in four different combinations of moisture content and pre-treatment: field-moist in situ, air-dried in situ, field-moist smeared in situ, and air-dried ground. Water potential was measured for the field-moist in situ scans. The VNIR spectra were used to predict total and fine clay content, water potential, organic C, and inorganic C of the soil using partial least squares (PLS) regression. The PLS model was validated with data 30% of the original soil cores that were randomly selected and not used in the calibration model. The root mean squared deviation (RMSD) of the air-dry ground samples were within the in situ RMSD and comparable to literature values for each soil property. The validation data set had a total clay content root mean squared deviation (RMSD) of 61 g kg-1 and 41 g kg-1 for the field-moist and air-dried in situ cores, respectively. The organic C validation data set had a RMSD of 5.8 g kg-1 and 4.6 g kg-1 for the field-moist and air-dried in situ cores, respectively. The RMSD values for inorganic C were 10.1 g kg-1 and 8.3 g kg-1 for the field moist and air-dried in situ scans, respectively. Smearing the samples increased the uncertainty of the predictions for clay content, organic C, and inorganic C. Water potential did not improve model predictions, nor did it correlate with the VNIR spectra; r2-values were below 0.31. These results show that DRS is an acceptable technique to measure selected soil properties in-situ at varying water contents and from different parent materials.
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Burgos, Hernandez Tania D. "Assessment of Effects of Long Term Tillage Practices on Soil Properties in Ohio." The Ohio State University, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1429825085.

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Woldeselassie, Mical K. "Soil Organic Carbon and Site Characteristics in Aspen and Evaluation of the Potential Effects of Conifer Encroachment on Soil Properties in Northern Utah." DigitalCommons@USU, 2009. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/765.

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In the Intermountain West, aspen (Populus tremuloides) has declined mainly due to a combination of successional processes, fire suppression and long-term use of ungulates which has led to replacement by conifers, sagebrush or other shrub communities. Conifer encroachment is believed to cause critical changes in the ecosystem properties. In order to understand the impacts of conifer encroachment on soil properties such as soil organic carbon (SOC) storage, soil morphology, and soil chemical properties, and the implications of such changes, it is very important to assess the soil properties under the two vegetation types. The objectives of this study were to i) quantify SOC stocks and their variability in pure aspen forests; ii) evaluate the role of various biotic and abiotic site parameters as drivers of this SOC; iii) evaluate the effect of conifer encroachment on SOC storage, soil morphology, soil microclimate and soil chemical properties. The study was conducted in three catchments in Northern Utah in two phases: i) a transect study with 33 sampling points in a pure aspen community; ii) a paired plot study based on comparing six plots in to aspen and nearby conifer plots as representatives of end-member communities. Soils under aspen were mainly Mollisols, whereas the soils associated with conifers were classified as Alfisols, Inceptisols and Entisols. Even under pure aspen there was a significant SOC variability among sampling points and aspects, and SOC was negatively correlated with soil moisture index and average tree diameter and positively correlated with vegetation density. The paired plot comparison showed that SOC in the mineral soil (0-60 cm) was significantly higher under aspen, while O horizon thickness and C content was higher under conifers. The total SOC (O layer + mineral soil) was not significantly different among the vegetation types, suggesting an upward redistribution of SOC in conifer soils. The soil moisture in summer was also higher under aspen compared to conifers. Other chemical properties were not affected by vegetation types. Our study indicates that i) no differences in SOC can be detected in surface soil horizons (<20 >cm); ii) SOC is highly variable and greatly influenced by soil moisture and forest characteristics; iii) conifer encroachment is likely to alter soil microclimatic and SOC amount and distribution.
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Kuang, Boyan Y. "On-line measurement of some selected soil properties for controlled input crop management systems." Thesis, Cranfield University, 2012. http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/7939.

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The evaluation of the soil spatial variability using a fast, robust and cheap tool is one of the key steps towards the implementation of Precision Agriculture (PA) successfully. Soil organic carbon (OC), soil total nitrogen (TN) and soil moisture content (MC) are needed to be monitored for both agriculture and environmental applications. The literature has proven that visible and near infrared (vis-NIR) spectroscopy to be a quick, cheap and robust tool to acquire information about key soil properties simultaneously with relatively high accuracy. The on-line vis-NIR measurement accuracy depends largely on the quality of calibration models. In order to establish robust calibration models for OC, TN and MC valid for few selected European farms, several factors affecting model accuracy have been studied. Nonlinear calibration techniques, e.g. artificial neural network (ANN) combined with partial least squares regression (PLSR) has provided better calibration accuracy than the linear PLSR or principal component regression analysis (PCR) alone. It was also found that effects of sample concentration statistics, including the range or standard derivation and the number of samples used for model calibration are substantial, which should be taking into account carefully. Soil MC, texture and their interaction effects are other principle factors affecting the in situ and on-line vis-NIR measurement accuracy. This study confirmed that MC is the main negative effect, whereas soil clay content plays a positive role. The general calibration models developed for soil OC, TN and MC for farms in European were validated using a previously developed vis-NIR on-line measurement system equipped with a wider vis-NIR spectrophotometer (305 – 2200 nm) than the previous version. The validation results showed this wider range on-line vis-NIR system can acquire larger than 1500 data point per ha with a very good measurement accuracy for TN and OC and excellent accuracy for MC. The validation also showed that spiking few target field samples into the general calibration models is an effective and efficient approach for upgrading the implementation of the on-line vis-NIR sensor for measurement in new fields in the selected European farms.
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Selhorst, Adam Louis. "Carbon Sequestration By Home Lawn Turfgrass Development and Maintenance in Diverse Climatic Regions of the United States." The Ohio State University, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1306499049.

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Feit, Sharon Jean. "Variability in Hydrology and Ecosystem Properties and Their Role in Regulating Soil Organic Matter Stability in Wetlands of West-Central Florida." Scholar Commons, 2012. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/4319.

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Soil organic matter (SOM) provides many ecosystem services that are necessary for continued ecosystem function. The accumulation of SOM in an ecosystem is a function of its persistence time which can range from days to thousands of years. Ecosystem properties including dominant vegetation type, soil texture, and soil moisture in various habitats can regulate the persistence time of SOM. Wetlands, because of their associated ecosystem properties, promote SOM accumulation, but little has been done to determine the ecosystem properties that regulate its persistence over time. In west-central Florida, urbanization and increased water demands have suppressed water tables in isolated wetland ecosystems via hydrological connectivity between ground and surficial waters. In this study, variability in wetland ecosystem properties, in particular dominant vegetation type and hydrological parameters, were tested as mechanisms driving SOM accumulation and stability. Cypress wetlands had significantly more organic matter, carbon (C), and nitrogen (N) than herbaceous marshes. In addition, increased wetland inundation promoted stable SOM accumulation in forested wetlands. By increasing the percent time a forested wetland spent aerobic, decreases occurred in both labile and stable C and N pools. As large storage units of SOM, the decreases in both labile and stable C and N pools in wetland soils have large implications for global C and N cycling. Increased manipulation of wetland water levels, especially in short time scales, can mineralize both short-term and long-term storage units of C and N. Globally, the increase mineralization of large SOC and SON stocks would exacerbate the release of air and water quality pollutants. The sensitivity of both labile and stable SOM pools draws concern when anticipating continued water demands and land use changes of the Tampa Bay region.
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Books on the topic "Soil properties and soil organic carbon"

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Smith, W. Soil degradation risk indicator: Organic carbon component. Ottawa: Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 1997.

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Lal, Rattan. Soil Organic Carbon and Feeding the Future. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003243090.

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Meena, Ram Swaroop, Cherukumalli Srinivasa Rao, and Arvind Kumar, eds. Plans and Policies for Soil Organic Carbon Management in Agriculture. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-6179-3.

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Lorenz, Klaus, and Rattan Lal. Soil Organic Carbon Sequestration in Terrestrial Biomes of the United States. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-95193-1.

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Leventhal, Joel S. Soil organic carbon content in rice soils of Arkansas and Louisiana and a comparison to non-agricultural soils, including a bibliography for agricultural soil carbon. [Denver, CO]: U.S. Geological Survey, 1997.

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Leventhal, Joel S. Soil organic carbon content in rice soils of Arkansas and Louisiana and a comparison to non-agricultural soils, including a bibliography for agricultural soil carbon. [Denver, CO]: U.S. Geological Survey, 1997.

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Piccolo, Alessandro. Carbon Sequestration in Agricultural Soils: A Multidisciplinary Approach to Innovative Methods. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012.

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R, Carter Martin, and Stewart B. A. 1932-, eds. Structure and organic matter storage in agricultural soils. Boca Raton, FL: Lewis Publishers, 1996.

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Xu, Xinwang. Nong tian tu rang you ji tan bian hua yan jiu: Nongtian turang youjitan bianhua yanjiu. 8th ed. Wuhu Shi: Anhui shi fan da xue chu ban she, 2011.

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Lyon, William G. The swelling properties of soil organic matter and their relation to sorption of non-ionic organic compounds: Project summary. Ada, OK: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Robert S. Kerr Environmental Research Laboratory, 1991.

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Book chapters on the topic "Soil properties and soil organic carbon"

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Deschauer, Helmut, and Ingrid Kögel-Knabner. "The Importance of Chemical and Physical Properties of New Agrochemicals for Their Sorption to Bulk Soil Material and Dissolved Organic Carbon." In Contaminated Soil ’90, 375–76. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3270-1_79.

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Kuria, Peter, Josiah Gitari, Saidi Mkomwa, and Peter Waweru. "Effect of conservation agriculture on soil properties and maize grain yield in the semi-arid Laikipia county, Kenya." In Conservation agriculture in Africa: climate smart agricultural development, 256–69. Wallingford: CABI, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789245745.0015.

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Abstract Low and unreliable rainfall, along with poor soil health, is a main constraint to maize production in the semi-arid parts of Kenya that account for over 79% of the country's land area. In the vast county of Laikipia, farmers continue to plant maize despite the predominantly low quantities of precipitation. Participatory farmer experimentation with Conservation Agriculture (CA) was undertaken for six consecutive growing seasons between July 2013 and December 2016 to determine the effectiveness of CA as a method of improving soil properties and enhancing maize yields with the limited rainfall quantities received in these parts of Kenya. The main CA practices tested include chisel tine furrow opening (ripping) and live legume (Lablab purpureus) cover crop, as well as maize stover mulches, all implemented under varying inorganic fertilizer rates. The research was done across 12 administrative locations of Laikipia County where soils are mainly Phaeozems and Vertisols with a clay-loam texture. The research design used was researcher-designed and farmer-managed. In each of the 12 trial sites, participatory farmers' assessments and field days were carried out as a way of outreach to the bigger farming communities around the trial sites. The research findings obtained demonstrated that the use of CA impacts positively on soil properties and is a viable practice for enhancing maize yields in these moisture deficit-prone parts of the country. Soil chemical analysis assessment results showed that CA impacted positively on a number of soil mineral components including organic carbon, total nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium and pH. Midseason chlorophyll content assessment of the maize crop showed that there was good response to fertilizer application, as well as to mulching with crop residues for soil cover. Maize grain yield data also showed that the use of a CA package comprising chisel tine ripping combined with mulching by plant residues and use of mineral fertilizer resulted in a two- to threefold increase in grain yields above the farmer practice control. Mean maize grain yield in farmer practice plots was 1067 kg ha-1 compared with the CA-treated plot with mineral fertilization that yielded 2192 kg ha-1.
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McBratney, Alex B., Uta Stockmann, Denis A. Angers, Budiman Minasny, and Damien J. Field. "Challenges for Soil Organic Carbon Research." In Soil Carbon, 3–16. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-04084-4_1.

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de Brogniez, Delphine, Cristiano Ballabio, Bas van Wesemael, Robert J. A. Jones, Antoine Stevens, and Luca Montanarella. "Topsoil Organic Carbon Map of Europe." In Soil Carbon, 393–405. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-04084-4_39.

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Poch, Rosa M., and Iñigo Virto. "Micromorphology Techniques for Soil Organic Carbon Studies." In Soil Carbon, 17–26. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-04084-4_2.

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Jakab, Gergely, Klaudia Kiss, Zoltán Szalai, Nóra Zboray, Tibor Németh, and Balázs Madarász. "Soil Organic Carbon Redistribution by Erosion on Arable Fields." In Soil Carbon, 289–96. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-04084-4_30.

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Bockheim, James G., and Nick W. Haus. "Distribution of Organic Carbon in the Soils of Antarctica." In Soil Carbon, 373–80. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-04084-4_37.

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Funakawa, Shinya, Kazumichi Fujii, Atsunobu Kadono, Tetsuhiro Watanabe, and Takashi Kosaki. "Could Soil Acidity Enhance Sequestration of Organic Carbon in Soils?" In Soil Carbon, 209–16. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-04084-4_22.

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Bliss, Norman B., Sharon W. Waltman, Larry T. West, Anne Neale, and Megan Mehaffey. "Distribution of Soil Organic Carbon in the Conterminous United States." In Soil Carbon, 85–93. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-04084-4_9.

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Atanassova, Irena D., Stefan H. Doerr, and Gary L. Mills. "Hot-Water-Soluble Organic Compounds Related to Hydrophobicity in Sandy Soils." In Soil Carbon, 137–46. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-04084-4_14.

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Conference papers on the topic "Soil properties and soil organic carbon"

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Okolelova, Alla, and Galina Egorova. "THE FACTORS INCREASING THE OBJECTIVE ASSESSMENT OF OIL PRODUCTS IN SOIL." In Land Degradation and Desertification: Problems of Sustainable Land Management and Adaptation. LLC MAKS Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.29003/m1716.978-5-317-06490-7/235-240.

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Natural objective reasons significantly complicate the objective assessment of oil products in soils: a variety of chemical forms of the pollutants connection, the soil ability to self-healing and self-cleaning, provincial features of the soil cover, lack of objective criteria.To increase the objectivity of determining the presence of oil products in soils, it is proposed to take into account the following factors: analysis methods of soils contaminated with oil products, the chemical properties of extractants extracting oil products from soil samples, the content of soil organic carbon and nonspecific organic compounds in conditionally unpolluted and oil-polluted soils, an increase in organic carbon in soils contaminated with petroleum products, units of measurement (% or mg / kg), the soil horizonin which soil samples were taken, the presence of discrepancies in GOST standards on the standardization of pollutants of organic origin in soils, the state of modern rationing of oil and oil products in soils and the terminological aspect.
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Maria L Cayuela, Tania Sinicco, and Claudio Mondini. "Dynamics of Carbon Mineralization and Biochemical Properties Following Application of Organic Residues to Soil." In International Symposium on Air Quality and Waste Management for Agriculture, 16-19 September 2007, Broomfield, Colorado. St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.23810.

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Nan, Zhongren, Zhang Junhua, Guozhen Zhang, and Zhao Chuanyan. "Effects of agro-activities on the soil organic carbon and soil properties in the middle reaches of Heihe river, Northwestern China." In 2007 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/igarss.2007.4423164.

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Talbot-Wendlandt, Haley, Samantha Volz, Karen Prestegaard, Zachary Gates, and Susan Ziegler. "COMPARISON OF ORGANIC CARBON CONTENT, ROOT DISTRIBUTION, AND SOIL HYDRAULIC PROPERTIES IN BOREAL AND TEMPERATE FORESTS WITH SIMILAR ANNUAL PRECIPITATION." In GSA 2020 Connects Online. Geological Society of America, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2020am-358893.

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Plekhanova, Liudmila. "SOILS OF SMALL ARCHAEOLOGICAL SETTLEMENTS IN THE STEPPE ZONE AS A RESULT OF BRONZE AGE ANTHROPOGENIC IMPACT." In GEOLINKS Conference Proceedings. Saima Consult Ltd, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.32008/geolinks2021/b1/v3/43.

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"The contemporary direction of natural pedogenesis/soil science is ancient anthropogenic impact and climate fluctuations changes. A large number of settlements in the river valleys are unique objects with a long history of development and modern soil cover formation. We studied the soil between the dwellings for a small settlement Zarya of the Bronze Age. The settlement was part of the economic zone of cattle breeding (horses and cows and sheep) of the large early Bronze Age fortified city Sarym-Sakla, one of the country's Proto-Iranian Cities of the Trans-Ural Plateau. The activity of ancient societies changed the terrestrial ecosystem functioning at macro and microscales. Increased heterogeneity of microrelief forms led to the diversity of soil cover. We found the unusual soil types on microelevations and microdepressions. The enrichment of the cultural layer with phosphorus compounds was revealed, and the hypothesis of the formation of a ""reverse"" ratio of chernozems-solonetzes of the soil cover of the low above-floodplain terrace as a consequence of several stages of ancient anthropogenic pressure and climatic aridization was confirmed in this area. We focused on the determination of organic carbon content, magnetic susceptibility, salt composition, cation exchange capacity, and the distribution of mobile phosphates along the soil profile as possible indicators of ancient anthropogenic influence. The degree of soil properties changes during the anthropogenic impact is commensurate with their transformation in the natural evolution of centuries and even several millennia. Past anthropogenic changes leave a mark in the history of the development of the soil cover predetermining the modern danger of the degradation phenomena. Moreover, we draw parallels in the history of ecosystems formation and outlined tasks for further research."
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Meador, T., J. Niedzwiecka, S. Jabinski, T. Picek, R. Angel, and H. Šantrůčková. "Modes of Soil Organic Carbon Sequestration and Carbon Use Efficiency Determined by Soil Aeration Status." In 30th International Meeting on Organic Geochemistry (IMOG 2021). European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.202134129.

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Otero-Fariña, Alba, Helena Brown, Ke-Qing Xiao, Pippa Chapman, Joseph Holden, Steven Banwart, and Caroline Peacock. "The role of soil organic carbon chemistry in soil aggregate formation and carbon preservation." In Goldschmidt2022. France: European Association of Geochemistry, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.46427/gold2022.9955.

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Hu, Yunfeng, Jiyuan Liu, Dafang Zhuang, Shaoqiang Wang, Fengting Yang, and Siqing Chen. "Soil erosion effects on soil organic carbon and an assessment within China." In Optical Science and Technology, the SPIE 49th Annual Meeting, edited by Wei Gao and David R. Shaw. SPIE, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.558631.

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Wackett, Adrian, Kyungsoo Yoo, Erin Cameron, Nicolas Jelinski, Nathaniel Looker, Carolina Olid, Hanna Jonsson, Saúl Rodríguez-Martínez, Lee Frelich, and Jonatan Klaminder. "Soil fauna and the fate of soil organic carbon in northern forests." In Goldschmidt2022. France: European Association of Geochemistry, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.46427/gold2022.12592.

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Raines, Eron, Kevin Norton, Anthony Dosseto, Quan Hua, Claire Lukens, Julie Deslippe, and Maia Bellingham. "Chemical Weathering and Organic Carbon Turnover in Soil." In Goldschmidt2020. Geochemical Society, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.46427/gold2020.2159.

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Reports on the topic "Soil properties and soil organic carbon"

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Bar-Tal, Asher, Paul R. Bloom, Pinchas Fine, C. Edward Clapp, Aviva Hadas, Rodney T. Venterea, Dan Zohar, Dong Chen, and Jean-Alex Molina. Effects of soil properties and organic residues management on C sequestration and N losses. United States Department of Agriculture, August 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2008.7587729.bard.

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Objectives - The overall objective of this proposal was to explore the effects of soil properties and management practices on C sequestration in soils and off-site losses of N.The specific objectives were: 1. to investigate and to quantify the effects of soil properties on C transformations that follow OW decomposition, C losses by gaseous emission, and its sequestration by organic and mineral components of the soil; 2. to investigate and to quantify the effects of soil properties on organic N mineralization and transformations in soil, its losses by leaching and gaseous emission; 3. to investigate and to quantify the effects of management practices and plants root activity and decomposition on C and N transformations; and 4. to upgrade the models NCSOIL and NCSWAP to include inorganic C and root exudation dynamics. The last objective has not been fulfilled due to difficulties in experimentally quantification of the effects of soil inorganic component on root exudation dynamics. Objective 4 was modified to explore the ability of NCSOIL to simulate organic matter decomposition and N transformations in non- and calcareous soils. Background - Rates of decomposition of organic plant residues or organic manures in soil determine the amount of carbon (C), which is mineralized and released as CO₂ versus the amount of C that is retained in soil organic matter (SOM). Decomposition rates also greatly influence the amount of nitrogen (N) which becomes available for plant uptake, is leached from the soil or lost as gaseous emission, versus that which is retained in SOM. Microbial decomposition of residues in soil is strongly influenced by soil management as well as soil chemical and physical properties and also by plant roots via the processes of mineral N uptake, respiration, exudation and decay.
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Bradford, Joe, Itzhak Shainberg, and Lloyd Norton. Effect of Soil Properties and Water Quality on Concentrated Flow Erosion (Rills, Ephermal Gullies and Pipes). United States Department of Agriculture, November 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1996.7613040.bard.

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Concentrated flow erosion in rills, pipes, ephermal gullies, and gullies is a major contributor of downstream sedimentation. When rill or gullies form in a landscape, a 3- to 5-fold increase in soil loss commonly occurs. The balance between the erosive power of the flow and the erosion resistance of the bed material determines the rate of concentrated flow erosion. The resistance of the bed material to detachment depends primarily on the magnitude of the interparticle forces or cohesion holding the particles and aggregates together. The effect of soil properties on bed material resistance and concentrated flow erosion was evaluated both in the laboratory and field. Both rill erodibility and critical hydraulic shear were greater when measured in 9.0 m long rills under field conditions compared with laboratory mini-flumes. A greater hydraulic shear was required to initiate erosion in the field compared to the mini-flume because of the greater aggregate and clod size and stability. Once erosion was initiated, however, the rate of erosion as a function of hydraulic shear was greater under field conditions because of the greater potential for slaking upon wetting and the greater soil surface area exposed to hydraulic shear. Erosion tests under controlled laboratory conditions with the mini-flume allowed individual soil variables to be studied. Attempts to relate rill erosion to a group soil properties had limited success. When individual soil properties were isolated and studied separately or grouped separately, some trends were identified. For example, the effect of organic carbon on rill erodibility was high in kaolinitic soils, low in smectitic soils, and intermediate in the soils dominated by illite. Slow prewetting and aging increased the cohesion forces between soil particles and decreased rill erodibility. Quick prewetting increased aggregate slaking and increased erodibility. The magnitude of the effect of aging depended upon soil type. The effect of clay mineralogy was evaluated on sand/clay mixtures with montmorillonite (M), Illite (I), and kaolinite (K) clays. Montmorillonite/sand mixtures were much less erodible than either illite or kaolonite sand mixtures. Na-I and Na-K sand mixtures were more erodible than Ca-I and Ca-K due to increased strength from ionic bonding and suppression of repulsive charges by Ca. Na-M was less erodiblethan Ca-M due to increased surface resulting from the accessibility of internal surfaces due to Na saturation. Erodibility decreased when salt concentration was high enough to cause flocculation. This occurred between 0.001 mole L-1 and 0.01 mole L-1. Measuring rill erodibility in mini-flumes enables the measurement of cohesive forces between particles and enhances our ability to learn more about cohesive forces resisting soil detachment under concentrated water flow.
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Zinke, P. J., A. G. Stangenberger, W. M. Post, W. R. Emanual, and J. S. Olson. Worldwide organic soil carbon and nitrogen data. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/543663.

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McIntyre, P. F. Sorption properties of carbon-14 on Savannah River Plant soil. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10125279.

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Jarvis, Stacey, Thomas Douglas, Karen Foley, Robert Jones, John Anderson, Stephen Newman, and Robyn Bartaro. Spectral assessment of soil properties : standoff quantification of soil organic matter content in surface mineral soils and Alaskan peat. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), September 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/22904.

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Gebhart, Dick L., H. A. Torbert, and Michael Hargrave. Identifying Military Impacts on Archaeological Deposits Based on Differences in Soil Organic Carbon and Chemical Elements at Soil Horizon Interfaces. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, March 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada559158.

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Classen, Aimee T. Final report: Incorporating rhizosphere interactions and soil physical properties into a soil carbon degradation model through experimenting across ecotypes. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1499258.

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Firestone, Mary. Mapping soil carbon from cradle to grave: drafting a molecular blueprint for C transformation from roots to stabilized soil organic C. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1437612.

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Bradford, M. A., J. M. Melillo, J. F. Reynolds, K. K. Treseder, and M. D. Wallenstein. Heterotrophic Soil Respiration in Warming Experiments: Using Microbial Indicators to Partition Contributions from Labile and Recalcitrant Soil Organic Carbon. Final Report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/981713.

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Kostka, Joel. The response of soil carbon storage and microbially mediated carbon turnover to simulated climatic disturbance in a northern peatland forest. Revisiting the concept of soil organic matter recalcitrance. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1330571.

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