Relevant bibliographies by topics / Soil erosion Victoria Gembrook

Academic literature on the topic 'Soil erosion Victoria Gembrook'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Soil erosion Victoria Gembrook"

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Hamilton, SD, AC Lawrie, P. Hopmans, and BV Leonard. "Effects of Fuel-Reduction Burning on a Eucalyptus obliqua Forest Ecosystem in Victoria." Australian Journal of Botany 39, no. 3 (1991): 203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bt9910203.

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An autumn fuel-reduction burn of low intensity (200-250 kW m-1) was performed in a Eucalyptus obliqua forest near Gembrook, Victoria. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of a single burn on floristics, biomass, N content and N2 fixation. The fire burnt 50% of the area in a mosaic pattern, significantly reducing understorey vegetation cover (by 90%) and plant density (by 70%) in burnt areas immediately after the fire. Understorey cover was restored to 40% of the original value 1 year later, but 33% of the understorey species were still absent from burnt areas. In the whole site mosaic, biomass declined by 30 t ha-1 (3 kg m-2) (10%) and N content by 100 kg ha-1 (10 g m-2) (18% excluding soil N, 2% including soil N). These losses were due to significant losses of biomass and N from the understorey only (88%, 85%), standing dead trees (57%, 62%), fallen wood (73%, 60%) and litter (69%, 70%). One year later, there was no significant increase in either biomass or N content. Burnt areas had five times the total nitrogenase activity of unburnt areas, owing to significantly greater specific nitrogenase (C2H2 reduction) activity, three times the nodule weight and 20 times the plant density of unburnt areas for the dominant legume (Pultenaea scabra). Using a calibration ratio for C2H2:N2 of 2.68 :1 derived from glasshouse growth studies, N2 fixation for P. scabra was estimated as 15 g ha-1 year-1 in burnt areas and 3 g ha-1 year-1 in unburnt areas, with a mean of 9 g ha-1 year-' for the whole site mosaic. Adding superphosphate to burnt areas increased estimated N2 fixation significantly by 14%, mainly by increasing nodulation. Losses of N due to the burn (100 kg ha-1) were considerably greater than gains from increases in N2 fixation (6 g ha-1 year-1) one year after the burn. Even allowing for N2 fixation by other, infrequent legumes and greater N2 fixation in subsequent years, these data suggest that the N lost in the burn is more likely to be replaced by inputs from soil reserves and rainwater than from N2 fixation by legumes.
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Sheridan, G. J., and C. J. Rosewell. "An improved Victorian erosivity map." Soil Research 41, no. 1 (2003): 141. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sr02030.

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The impact of raindrops on the soil surface and surface water runoff are two of the agents of soil detachment and sediment transport. The magnitude of these erosion processes is a function of the erosive potential, or erosivity of a rainstorm. The erosivity of rainfall is commonly quantified using the R factor developed for the universal soil loss equation. R is the average of the annual sum of the individual storm erosivity values and can be estimated from published relationships between the storm energy and the rainfall intensity. Currently the most likely source of R-values in Victoria is a hand-drawn contour map produced more than 20 years ago by an expert panel and published in an out-of-print handbook. A new R-value contour map for Victoria is presented, developed from current empirical relationships between rainfall intensity–frequency–duration and R. The R contours vary in value across the state by about a factor of 4, from <800 MJ.mm/ha.h.year in the north-west, to >2700 MJ.mm/ha.h.year in the eastern ranges. The new map improves the resolution and accuracy of erosivity values for Victoria, especially in steeper, forested areas, and will assist in the prediction and modelling of erosion and water quality.
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Makinde, Esther O., and Esther I. Oyebanji. "The Application of Remote Sensing and GIS Technology to Erosion Risk Mapping." Proceedings 2, no. 22 (November 2, 2018): 1398. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2221398.

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Erosion is one of the major problems in Nigeria and Lagos State in particular. The objectives of this research are to identify land use/land cover changes in Eti-Osa LGA and estimate actual erosion risk using Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) model. In addition, this research evaluates the perception of communities within the study area with the view of understanding the risk involved in erosion. The result showed that the sediment yield of the study was estimated to be between 0 to 48 ton/ha/yr. The estimated soil losses were higher at Eti-Osa West, parts of Iru/Victoria Island, and Ikoyi/Obalende areas recorded low losses. Land uses mostly affected by very high and severe erosion are the bare soils and the crop lands having about 3% to 4% respectively compared to the others. It was concluded that combination of rainfall, lack of cover for the surface soil, were the major causes of soil loss in the study area.
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De Meyer, A., J. Poesen, M. Isabirye, J. Deckers, and D. Raes. "Soil erosion rates in tropical villages: A case study from Lake Victoria Basin, Uganda." CATENA 84, no. 3 (March 2011): 89–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2010.10.001.

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Lufafa, A., M. M. Tenywa, M. Isabirye, M. J. G. Majaliwa, and P. L. Woomer. "Prediction of soil erosion in a Lake Victoria basin catchment using a GIS-based Universal Soil Loss model." Agricultural Systems 76, no. 3 (June 2003): 883–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0308-521x(02)00012-4.

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Makinde, E. O., and E. I. Oyebanji. "Remote Sensing and GIS Application to Erosion Risk Mapping in Lagos." Nigerian Journal of Environmental Sciences and Technology 4, no. 1 (March 2020): 40–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.36263/nijest.2020.01.0081.

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Increased population, unhealthy agricultural practices, indiscriminate land clearing and illegal structures have led to an increase of erosion in Nigeria and Lagos State in particular. This research focused on identifying land use/land cover changes in Eti-Osa LGA of Lagos State and estimating the actual erosion risk using Remote Sensing and Geography Information System. In addition, this research evaluated the perception of communities within the study area with the view to understanding the risk involved in erosion. Maximum Likelihood Algorithm was the classification method applied on the Landsat imageries (1986-2016) to identify the changes on the land use/land cover types. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was used to evaluate the perception of communities within the study area and Revised Universal Soil Loss equation (RUSLE) model was used to estimate the actual erosion risk. The result showed that the sediment yield of the study area was estimated to be between 0 to 48ton/ha/yr. The estimated soil losses were higher in Eti-Osa West compared to other parts of Iru/Victoria Island, and Ikoyi/Obalende areas which recorded low losses. Land uses mostly affected by very high and severe erosion are the bare soils and the crop lands having about 3% to 4% respectively. It can be concluded that rainfall, lack of cover for the surface soil were the major causes of soil loss in the study area.
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Cooke, JW. "Effect of fallowing practices on runoff and soil erosion in south-eastern Australia." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 25, no. 3 (1985): 628. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea9850628.

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The effect on runoff and soil loss of four methods of preparation of fallow was investigated at each of three sites in north-central Victoria. There was a chemical fallow treatment (uncultivated) and three scarified treatments (smooth, medium and rough cultivation). When the results from the three sites were combined, there was 10.7 mm runoff from the uncultivated treatment, 5.1 mm from the smooth, 0.8 mm from the medium and 0.3 mm from the rough scarified treatments. Soil loss from the uncultivated treatment was 103 g/m2 compared with 87 g/m2 from the smooth, 22 g/m2 from the medium and 13 g/m2 from the rough treatment. The concentration of sediment in the runoff was negatively correlated (R2 = -0.56 to -0.98) with runoff. It ranged from 1.21% (w/w) for the uncultivated to 5.06% (w/w) for the rough scarified treatment. The results show that a regimen of minimum scarification to produce a rough surface, and then use of herbicides to control weeds, reduces soil loss compared with either an uncultivated or a smoothly cultivated soil surface.
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Jalali, Ali, Phillip B. Roös, Murray Herron, Paras Sidiqui, Beau Beza, and Emma Duncan. "Modelling Coastal Development and Environmental Impacts: A Case Study Across Two Regional Towns in Australia." International Journal of Design & Nature and Ecodynamics 17, no. 4 (August 31, 2022): 491–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.18280/ijdne.170402.

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Globally there has been an increasing trend in urban growth with cities expanding rapidly, indicating a requirement for more sustainable development of cities to minimize human impacts on the environment. In Australia, urban development continues to target areas adjacent to the coastal capital and regional cities such as the Greater Geelong region in Victoria, experiencing the fastest rates of growth in the country in the last decade. This project demonstrates the ability of modelling techniques to model current and future directions in urban development across two adjacent coastal towns, Anglesea and Torquay, in Victoria. The analysis utilized Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and the CommunityViz decision support tool using a variety of assets, environmental and climatic data. The models indicated an increase in greenhouse gas emissions, energy usage and population growth, and the area was found to be highly vulnerable to the impacts of environmental changes including the potential loss of biodiversity, soil erosion, and sea level rise. The modelling approach described here can aid planners and decision makers in the future coastal urban development as well as to mitigate climate change impacts.
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Simonit, Silvio, and Charles Perrings. "Indirect economic indicators in bio-economic fishery models: agricultural price indicators and fish stocks in Lake Victoria." ICES Journal of Marine Science 62, no. 3 (January 1, 2005): 483–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.icesjms.2005.01.012.

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Abstract We consider the potential for using prices as leading indicators of changes in stocks and yields in the freshwater capture fishery in Lake Victoria. Fertilizer run-off from agricultural land is a major cause of nutrient loading, along with soil erosion, atmospheric deposition, and point pollution from industrial and domestic affluent. The interactions between fertilizer applications, water quality, fish stocks, and yields are modelled in order to predict the effect of changes in the price of fertilizers on the fishery. The fishery model includes a measure of Chl a concentration (a proxy for phytoplankton density). The consequences of changes in Chl a concentration for fish stocks are modelled using Ecopath. We show that fertilizer prices are effective leading indicators of changes in fish biomass and yield.
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Briggs, A., and J. W. Morgan. "Morphological diversity and abundance of biological soil crusts differ in relation to landscape setting and vegetation type." Australian Journal of Botany 56, no. 3 (2008): 246. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bt07194.

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Biological soil crusts are common in many arid and semi-arid regions of the world, including Australia. Crusts alter soil factors including water availability, nutrient content and erosion susceptibility and are likely to both directly and indirectly affect vascular plants. Despite emerging recognition as important ecosystem components, these soil communities are understudied. We describe the morphological composition and distribution of lichens and bryophytes in soil crusts from the northern riverine plains, Victoria, in relation to landscape setting and vegetation type. Sampling was conducted across a geomorphological gradient in three different vegetation types (Callitris glaucophylla woodland, Eucalyptus woodland and red-soil native tussock grassland) with an annual rainfall of ~400 mm. Mean cover of biological soil crust for the study area was 18%, with mosses and crustose and foliose lichens the most conspicuous components. Total cover of biological soil crust increased as bare ground and vascular plant cover increased, and litter cover decreased. As a consequence, cover and morphological composition of biological soil crusts differed in the three vegetation types, with mosses responding differently from lichens and liverworts in relation to the cover of litter, bare ground and vascular plants. Hence, biological soil crusts were a conspicuous component in vegetation where they had not previously been described and may play an important role in regulating the structure and function of these plant communities.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Soil erosion Victoria Gembrook"

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Ma, Ning. "Mathematical Modelling of Water Soil Erosion and Sediment Yield in Large Catchments." Thesis, Link to the online version, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10019/575.

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Mulumba, Lukman Nagaya. "Land use effects on soil quality and productitivity in the Lake Victoria Basin of Uganda." The Ohio State University, 2004. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1095711869.

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Jones, Katie Elizabeth. "Contemporary sediment delivery ratios for small catchments subject to shallow rainfall triggered earthflows in the Waipaoa catchment, North Island, New Zealand : a thesis submitted to the Victoria University of Wellington as partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science with Honours in Physical Geography /." ResearchArchive@Victoria e-thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10063/1197.

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Boys, Roderick Charles James. "The impact of anthropogenic land-use change on soil organic carbon, Oporae Valley, Lake Tutira, New Zealand : a [thesis] submitted to the Victoria University of Wellington in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Physical Geography /." ResearchArchive@Victoria e-Thesis, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10063/966.

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Martinsson, Erik, Emil Martinsson, and Sören Säf. "IWESS, an integrated water, energy and sanitation solution : A holistic approach to reach sustainability trough organic waste management for the Lake Victoria Basin, Kenya." Thesis, University of Skövde, School of Technology and Society, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-566.

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The process of allocating necessary resources like clean water, fuel/energy and food have resulted in an unsustainable use of natural resources causing problems with Soil erosion, soil fertility, desertification, deforestation, eutrophication and global warming. The purpose of this study was to gain information on the functional design of a waste management system enabling the organic components of domestic waste to be processed as useful resources while at the same time allow them to be re-circulated. The main part of this study was carried out at the Kendu SDA Hospital in the Rachyonyo district in western Kenya. For the case of this study two main objectives where chosen. The first was to develop a principal technological solution using three classed “appropriate technologies” found suitable for the purpose namely biogas, ecological water treatment systems and slow sand filtration. The second was to further analyse each included technology to further develop their potential to fit the concept. Results from the pilot facilities where then to be retrieved from the actual component selection and construction process itself, with performance analysis left for future studies.

The main purpose of the biogas system study has been to evaluate the original ideas of overall concept, details, materials and construction methods. The 1 m3 biogas system has improved significantly during the development process and is today not far from an implementation, i.e. construction on a slightly larger scale. The biogas system developed during the project has proven to have potential for digestion of both latrine and kitchen waste. Using the two as fuel for the process does not only remove a problem – it grants several benefits.

The ecological waste water treatment system main objective was to design and construct a pilot SSF-wetland. Results show that the construction process for smaller scaled SSF systems is simple and does not require trained personnel or specialized equipment and that significant cost reduction can be made by using locally available materials.

The slow sand filtration sub system concept is called PT SCX and though still in the stage of development proved to have great potential concerning both efficiency and sustainability. The PT SCX comprises the advantages of slow sand filtration with further development of individual system solutions. It was adapted to enable both integration to the IWESS solution and stand alone installations purifying even highly turbid surface water sources to drinking water quality.

The result from the study confirms the suitability of the three included technologies, ecological waste water treatment, biogas and slow sand filtration to work in an integrated system called IWESS- Integrated Water Energy and Sanitation Solution. The combined subsystems can together with source separated sewage offer full resource recovery enabling recirculation of both nutrients and water. In addition the system can be designed as a net producer of renewable and emission free energy.

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Books on the topic "Soil erosion Victoria Gembrook"

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Improved land management in the Lake Victoria basin: Linking land and lake, research and extension, catchment and lake basin : final technical report, startup phase, July 1999 to June 2000. Nairobi, Kenya: The Centre, 2000.

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Book chapters on the topic "Soil erosion Victoria Gembrook"

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White, Robert E. "Site Selection and Soil Preparation." In Soils for Fine Wines. Oxford University Press, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195141023.003.0010.

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At the Pine Ridge winery in Napa Valley, California, a sign lists six essential steps in wine production. The first step reads . . . Determine the site—prepare the land, terrace the slopes for erosion control, provide drainage and manage soil biodiversity. . . . Determining the site means gathering comprehensive data on the local cli­mate, topography, and geology, as well as the main soil types and their distribu­tion. Traditionally, site determination was done using the knowledge and experi­ence of individuals. Now it is possible to combine an expert’s knowledge with digital data on climate, parent material, topography, and soils in a GIS format to assess the biophysical suitability of land for wine grapes. Viticultural and soil ex­perts together identify the key properties and assign weightings to these proper­ties. An example of an Analytical Hierarchy Process is shown in figure 8.1. In this approach, both objective and subjective data were pooled and evaluated to decide the suitability of land for viticulture in West Gippsland, Victoria. In this region with a relatively uniform, mild climate, soil was given a 70% weighting, and the important soil properties were identified as depth, drainage, sodicity, texture, and pH. But in other areas, with another group of experts, a different set of key prop­erties and weightings may well be identified. For example, a similar approach used in Virginia, in the United States, gave only a 25% weighting to soil and 30% to elevation (which affected temperature, a critical factor governing growth rate and ripening) (Boyer and Wolf 2000). This kind of approach can be refined to indicate site suitability for a partic­ular variety within a region of given macroclimate. For example, Barbeau et al. (1998) assessed the suitability of sites in the Loire Valley, France, for the cultivar Cabernet Franc, using an index of “precocity.” Such an index is related to the ability of the fruit to accumulate sugar and anthocyanins and to attain a favorable acidity.
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