Academic literature on the topic 'Soil erosion Social aspects Australia'
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Journal articles on the topic "Soil erosion Social aspects Australia"
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Baxter, C., J. S. Rowan, B. M. McKenzie, and R. Neilson. "Understanding soil erosion impacts in temperate agroecosystems: bridging the gap between geomorphology and soil ecology." Biogeosciences Discussions 10, no. 4 (April 30, 2013): 7491–520. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bgd-10-7491-2013.
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Abstract. Soil is a key asset of natural capital, providing a myriad of goods and ecosystem services that sustain life through regulating, supporting and provisioning roles, delivered by chemical, physical and biological processes. One of the greatest threats to soil is accelerated erosion, which raises a natural process to unsustainable levels, and has downstream consequences (e.g. economic, environmental and social). Global intensification of agroecosystems is a major cause of soil erosion which, in light of predicted population growth and increased demand for food security, will continue or increase. Elevated erosion and transport is common in agroecosystems and presents a multi-disciplinary problem with direct physical impacts (e.g. soil loss), other less tangible impacts (e.g. loss of ecosystem productivity), and indirect downstream effects that necessitate an integrated approach to effectively address the problem. Climate is also likely to increase susceptibility of soil to erosion. Beyond physical response, the consequences of erosion on soil biota have hitherto been ignored, yet biota play a fundamental role in ecosystem service provision. To our knowledge few studies have addressed the gap between erosion and consequent impacts on soil biota. Transport and redistribution of soil biota by erosion is poorly understood, as is the concomitant impact on biodiversity and ability of soil to deliver the necessary range of ecosystem services to maintain function. To investigate impacts of erosion on soil biota a two-fold research approach is suggested. Physical processes involved in redistribution should be characterised and rates of transport and redistribution quantified. Similarly, cumulative and long-term impacts of biota erosion should be considered. Understanding these fundamental aspects will provide a basis upon which mitigation strategies can be considered.
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Dinata, Alharia. "IDENTIFIKASI KERENTANAN EROSI TANAH BERDASARKAN PARAMETER MORFOMETRI DI SUB DAS KIKIM." JURNAL ILMIAH BERING'S 7, no. 02 (October 5, 2020): 36–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.36050/berings.v7i02.275.
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Soil erosion is an environmental problem that occurs in many parts of the world because it involves ecological, social and economic aspects. Kikim sub-watershed is part of the Musi river area, most of the topographic conditions are flat slopes (54.64%), steep slopes with a total percentage of 12.81%. Meanwhile, hydrological conditions have a maximum daily rainfall with a high category so that the potential for erosion and flooding is very high. The purpose of this study was to identify soil erosion vulnerability based on morphometric parameters. The research data used DEM-SRTM 30 meters and then extracted into a map of the sub-watershed and river networks to calculate morphometric parameters. The method used was the weighted sum analysis (WSA) with a GIS application approach. The DEM data excavation found 11 (eleven) sub-watersheds with an area ranging from 81.26 km2 to 220.50 km2, and the total length of the river was 2221.24 km. Based on the weighted results of the WSA method, two sub-watersheds (SB3 and SB7) had very high soil erosion vulnerability, moderate soil erosion vulnerability in SB1, SB2, SB4, SB8, SB10, and SB11. Furthermore, the low soil erosion vulnerability (SB9), and very low soil erosion vulnerability were at SB5 and SB6. The results of this study could be used for conservation zone planning to control soil erosion.
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Bennett, Tony, Modesto Gayo, and David Rowe. "Television in Australia: capitals, tastes, practices and platforms." Media International Australia 167, no. 1 (April 13, 2018): 126–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1329878x18766788.
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This article discusses the findings of a national survey of the social organisation of television viewing practices in contemporary Australia. These questions are addressed through multiple correspondence analyses of the aspects of television practices and tastes covered in the survey. These go beyond channel and genre preferences to include a sample of Australian and overseas produced television programmes and of 10 Australian TV personalities. The differential distribution of tastes across Australian and overseas programmes also throws significant light on different investments in the national culture across different social groups. The survey data also includes evidence regarding viewing platform and device preferences. In concluding, the article reviews the evidence of a cluster analysis, registering the effects of major changes within the television field in Australia, including the decline of free-to-air and ‘linear’ viewing, the rise of streaming services and the erosion of brand loyalty as it relates to television channels.
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Murphy, Brian, and Peter Fogarty. "Application of the Soil Security Concept to Two Contrasting Soil Landscape Systems—Implications for Soil Capability and Sustainable Land Management." Sustainability 11, no. 20 (October 16, 2019): 5706. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11205706.
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Soil security identifies global challenges and a series of dimensions that are necessary requirements to meet those global challenges using sustainable land management. The soil security concept is applied to two contrasting soil landscape systems with varying climate, landform and soil types. Previous methodologies for assessing land and soil capability are combined within the soil security conceptual approach. The land and soil capability methodologies are used to assess how the soil condition changes in response to the stresses and forcing associated with land management and land and soil degradation processes. It is the soil capability that defines how the soil condition changes between the reference state of the soil condition, or the genoform, and the soil condition under land use, or the phenoform. The conclusion is that soil capability, which is one of the dimensions used to apply the soil security concept, is a complex dimension and has several aspects or further facets to be considered to achieve sustainable land management. It is apparent that in assessing soil capability, the following facets are relevant. I: The capacity of the soil to provide ecosystem services to meet the global challenges outlined for Soil Security. II: The stability of the soil condition to land degradation processes resulting from the effects of land management practices and the environmental stresses on the soil. III: The capacity to recover following degradation. Facets II and III can be considered the resilience. An important conclusion is that the soil capability cannot be assessed without taking into account features of the landscape including climate and landform. Two examples from south eastern Australia of the application of these facets of soil capability to on-ground situations are presented. The Cowra Trough Red Soils in the Australian wheat belt are a set of soils, primarily contributing to meeting the global challenge of food security. The major degradation processes threatening the stability of these soils are water erosion and soil acidification. The Kosciusko National Park in the Snowy Mountains region is primarily contributing to meeting the challenges of water security for the irrigation industry in the Murray Darling Basins and energy security through the production of hydroelectricity. The set of soil landscapes also contributes to biodiversity protection and human health and well-being. The major degradation processes threatening the stability of these soils and their capacity to meet the global challenges are water and wind erosion. A major limitation is the poor capacity of these soils to recover once degraded. Identifying the main ecosystem services provided by the two examples, together with the major risks of land degradation can clarify extension, economic and policy aspects of sustainable land management for the two sets of soil landscapes. For the Cowra Trough Red Soils, management of water erosion and soil acidification are essential for maintaining the contribution of the area to food security. For the Kosciusko National Park, the control of water and wind erosion are essential to maintain the contribution of the area to water and energy security.
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Elias, Elias, and Ujang Suwarna. "Impacts of gap planting on soil density and erosion." Jurnal Penelitian Kehutanan Wallacea 8, no. 1 (March 29, 2019): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.18330/jwallacea.2019.vol8iss1pp9-18.
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By 2016, there were 32.70 million ha of degraded forests in Indonesia. If it is not quickly rehabilitated, there will be land use changes and expansion of industrial forest plantation, which significantly affects its biodiversity and environmental. This research aims to study the impacts of the gap planting technique with red jabon on soil density and erosion. The research used: (1) the gap planting technique of red jabon with a proportion of the total gap area to the total natural forest area of 40%: 60%, planting distance of 4m x 5m, and the number of trees planted of 200 stems/ha, (2) Digital-Humboldt Static Cone Penetrometer to measure soil density, and (3) stick for soil erosion measurement. The results showed that gap planting with red jabon to rehabilitate degraded natural forests increased the soil density, but its value was categorized as a very loose soil class. On the other hand, the soil erosion in gap area was lower than in degraded natural forest area, because the condition of a part of the degraded forest was unvegetated land, and there were the wastes of branches, twigs, and leaves as well as grown grasses on the soil surface that hinder the soil erosion in the gap area. This research concluded, that the impact of the gap planting on soil density can be neglected, and the impact of the gap planting on soil erosion is positive. Further research on social-economic, biodiversity, effective and efficiency aspects of the gap planting technique for forest rehabilitation are needed before its implementation.
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Yasnolob, I. O., T. O. Chayka, O. A. Galych, O. S. Kolodii, S. E. Moroz, N. Yu Protsiuk, and I. I. Lotych. "Stimulating the increasing of natural soil fertility: economic and environmental aspects." Ukrainian Journal of Ecology 9, no. 3 (October 29, 2019): 267–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/2019_89.
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The necessity to increase soil fertility by identifying their critical condition, which is associated with developing erosion processes, increasing acidity and decreasing humus, has been proven in the article. The requirement of introducing crop rotations and their legal regulation in Ukraine has been determined. The practice connected with the questions of supporting soil quality and crop rotations in different countries, members of the EU has been presented. The assessment of modern farming systems (intensive, organic, no-till, strip-till, precise, bio-enzyme, biogenic) taking into account economic, ecological, technological-energy, and social factors aimed at determining their impact on the natural soil fertility has been conducted. The expediency of improving soil quality in terms of its evaluation has been revealed. The necessity of introducing economic incentives or penalties to landowners or land users for agro-ecological condition of farmlands basing on the methods of land money value has been substantiated.
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Cawson, J. G., G. J. Sheridan, H. G. Smith, and P. N. J. Lane. "Surface runoff and erosion after prescribed burning and the effect of different fire regimes in forests and shrublands: a review." International Journal of Wildland Fire 21, no. 7 (2012): 857. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wf11160.
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This paper examines the state of knowledge about the effects of prescribed burning on surface runoff and erosion at point to catchment scales in forests and shrublands. Fires can increase surface runoff and erosion by removing vegetation, changing soil hydrologic properties and providing a readily erodible layer of sediment and ash. Catchment-scale studies in prescribed-burnt areas usually report minimal impacts from the burn. However, measurements at smaller spatial scales suggest that large changes to hydrologic properties and processes do occur, and a debris-flow example from Australia demonstrates that large catchment-scale impacts are possible. It appears that existing catchment-scale studies in prescribed burns do not capture these large events as the sample size (i.e. number of studies) is too small relative to the infrequency of such events. Furthermore, numerous knowledge gaps across all spatial scales limit understanding of the processes contributing to post-prescribed burn runoff and erosion. Understanding the influence of fire regime characteristics on post-fire runoff and erosion is particularly important in the context of prescribed burning, as fire regimes can be manipulated to reduce erosion and water-quality impacts. Therefore, two directions for future research are recommended: (1) process-based studies to understand the factors controlling surface runoff and erosion, particularly in relation to aspects of the fire regime; and (2) landscape-scale surveys to quantify large erosion events.
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Fulton, Murray. "Cereal and wool production in the Esperance Sandplain area of Western Australia: The need for a systems approach for sustainable agriculture." American Journal of Alternative Agriculture 8, no. 2 (June 1993): 85–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0889189300005038.
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AbstractThe problems facing farmers in the Esperance Sandplain region of Western Australia—salinity, herbicide resistance, wind erosion, and plant disease—are highly interrelated. Unless the biological, economic and social aspects of the problems are examined in an integrated way, no sustainable system will be found. Similarly, agricultural teaching and research must become much more integrated if they are to address agricultural and environmental problems satisfactorily. This will require changes in the structure of university and research institutions and in the rewards for research and teaching.
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HERISSONE-KELLY, PETER. "Bioethics in the United Kingdom: Genetic Screening, Disability Rights, and the Erosion of Trust." Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics 12, no. 3 (July 2003): 235–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0963180103123031.
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It goes almost without saying that there are no academic bioethical debates that are unique to the United Kingdom. The debates in which U.K. bioethicists become involved take place in international journals and in books with a worldwide readership. The contributions of those from these shores are frequently made in response to work by academics from the United States, Australia, Scandinavia, and a whole host of other countries.
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Lavrusevich, Andrey, Lyubov Trofimets, Dinya Mamina, and Elena Stepanova. "Geoecological aspects of the underground erosion development in loessial massifs of Uzbekistan." E3S Web of Conferences 258 (2021): 03010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202125803010.
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The problem of the development of the underground erosion is considered ion the article. The most brightly the underground erosion is shown in the massifs of the loessial breeds, which are widely developed in Uzbekistan. This phenomenon of consequences of the underground erosion development is described in science as the term “loessial pseudo-karst”. The loessial pseudo-karst have received the greatest spread and development in places of an active technogenesis since the second half of the XX century. Besides the territories connected with civil, industrial and hydrotechnical engineering the loessial pseudo-karst develops actively in the connection with active irrigation of the massifs formed with the loessial breeds. In case of not dosed water supply for the irrigation of agricultural grounds and the subsequent uncivilized dumping of surplus of water there is an extremely fast development of a loessial pseudo-karst (a day and even several hours). The negative consequences of the development of the underground erosion in loessial massifs lead to the violation of fragile balance of the natural and technical geosystems (NTG) and their conclusion from the condition of metastable balance. When forming pseudo-karst sinkholes near settlements, their unreasoned elimination by filling happens generally at the expense of solid and liquid household waste that considerably accelerates process of destruction of the massif, due to the impact on the loessial breeds of aggressive infiltrate. In case of active development of the underground erosion there is a final fracture of the loessial massif and formation of so-called pseudo-karst “bedlend”, that is sites where any economic activity is impossible. There are considerable economic, ecological and quite often social damages. It is easier to prevent a loessial pseudo-karst, than to fight against after its development has begun. The lack of due consideration to this promptly developing process annually causes the necessity of recultivation of the soil massifs broken by an underground erosion (pseudo-karst) or to the conclusion from the crop rotation of the most valuable irrigation lands in arid areas. The qualitative recommendations about the prevention of the development of a loessial pseudo-karst and minimization of damage are made.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Soil erosion Social aspects Australia"
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Sun, Hua. "Digital terrain modelling of catchment erosion and sedimentation /." Title page, contents and abstract only, 1998. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phs9565.pdf.
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Heshmatti, Gholam Ali. "Plant and soil indicators for detecting zones around water points in arid perennial chenopod shrublands of South Australia /." Title page, contents and summary only, 1997. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phh584.pdf.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Adelaide, Dept. of Botany, 1997.Errata page is behind title page (p. i). Copies of author's previously published articles inserted. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 121-156).
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Gill, Nicholas Geography & Oceanography Australian Defence Force Academy UNSW. "Outback or at home? : environment, social change and pastoralism in Central Australia." Awarded by:University of New South Wales - Australian Defence Force Academy. School of Geography and Oceanography, 2000. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/38728.
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This thesis examines the responses of non-indigenous pastoralists in Central Australian rangelands to two social movements that profoundly challenge their occupancy, use and management of land. Contemporary environmentalism and Aboriginal land rights have both challenged the status of pastoralists as valued primary producers and bearers of a worthy pioneer heritage. Instead, pastoralists have become associated with land degradation, biodiversity loss, and Aboriginal dispossession. Such pressure has intensified in the 1990s in the wake of the native Title debate, and various conservation campaigns in the arid and semi-arid rangelands. The pressure on pastoralists occur in the context of wider reassessment of the social and economic values or rangelands in which pastoralism is seen as having declined in value compared to ???post-production??? land uses. Reassessments of rangelands in turn are part of the global changes in the status of rural areas, and of the growing flexibility in the very meaning of ???rural???. Through ethnographic fieldwork among largely non-indigenous pastoralists in Central Australia, this thesis investigates the nature and foundations of pastoralists??? responses to these changes and critiques. Through memory, history, labour and experience of land, non-indigenous pastoralists construct a narrative of land, themselves and others in which the presence of pastoralism in Central Australia is naturalised, and Central Australia is narrated as an inherently pastoral landscape. Particular types of environmental knowledge and experience, based in actual environmental events and processes form the foundation for a discourse of pastoral property rights. Pastoralists accommodate environmental concerns, through advocating environmental stewardship. They do this in such a way that Central Australia is maintained as a singularly pastoral landscape, and one in which a European, or ???white???, frame of reference continues to dominate. In this way the domesticated pastoral landscapes of colonialism and nationalism are reproduced. The thesis also examines Aboriginal pastoralism as a distinctive form of pastoralism, which fulfils distinctly Aboriginal land use and cultural aspirations, and undermines the conventional meaning of ???pastoralism??? itself. The thesis ends by suggesting that improved dialogue over rangelands futures depends on greater understanding of the details and complexities of local relationships between groups of people, and between people and land.
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Campbell, Robert. "Understanding and disrupting institutional settings : using networks of conversations to re-imagine future farming lives." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2013. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/603.
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Farmers in Australia and elsewhere face the challenge of remaining profitable whilst dealing with adverse structural arrangements and public expectations to better manage environmental degradation. This thesis draws on arguments that dominant paradigms in agricultural science and environmental management have often been ineffective in addressing these apparently competing demands and appear poorly suited to ‘messy’ situations characterized by uncertainty and complexity, and in which diverse stakeholders are motivated by varying goals and values. Engaging with such situations requires a philosophy and methodology that accepts a multiplicity of perspectives and which seeks to learn about and reflect upon novel ways of thinking and acting. Among the underlying ideas that have shaped this project is the importance of recognising the assumptions and commitments that researchers bring to their practice in order that traditions are not uncritically reproduced and that the products of our thinking are not reified. Regarding farming as less a set of technical practices and more as a human activity taking place within broader economic, social, cultural and ecological contexts, I sought to engage a group of farmers in southern Western Australia in a process of taking action to address an issue of common concern that would help them to live and farm well in their district. My role as both researcher and facilitator of conversations was driven by a commitment to dialogue as a process of meaning making and relationship building. Together we explored some of the broader contexts within which the narrower conceptions of economic and ecological problems are often uncritically placed. Taking concrete action together however proved beyond the scope of my research. The challenge of feeding ourselves while better caring for the land and each other will require imaginative as well as technical resources. To this end I have also sought to sketch out some of the creative possibilities contained within the health metaphor as it is applied to soil, arguing that its use as a proxy for quality or condition fails to utilize its disruptive potential.
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Sun, Hua. "Digital terrain modelling of catchment erosion and sedimentation / Hua Sun." Thesis, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/19387.
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Corrigenda pasted onto front end-paper.A study was undertaken of erosion and sedimentation in a catchment in South Australia. An erosion and sedimentation model was developed and interfaced with the existing digital terrain models called TAPES-C and THALES, to estimate soil erosion and deposition in Sauerbier Creek catchment.
Thesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Adelaide, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 1999?
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Zierholz, Christoph. "The effect of fire on runoff and soil erosion in Royal National Park, New South Wales." Master's thesis, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/146035.
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Myint, Than. "Erosion mitigation practices for stream protection in the Eden woodchip area." Master's thesis, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/115481.
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Field inspections to establish the frequency of occurrence and the length of sediment tongues
around the boundaries of drainage lines of logged coupes on the granite soils in the Eden Woodchip
Area, New South Wales showed that a sediment tongue occurs for every
0.5 km of drainage line but that sediment tongues penetrate to drainage lines on average once per
2.4 km of drainage line.
When the lengths of sediment tongues are compared with the provisions for buffer strip width, it is
concluded that, for slopes for up to 20*, a width of buffer strip of 20 metres is conservative.
Associated studies of the source of sediment in sediment tongues, using the isotopes Cs-137 and
Be-7, showed that the source of the sediment was almost entirely from the snig tracks. The methods
used are promising for the study of sediment tongues.
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Khanghahi, Houshang Farabi. "A risk-based approach to control of water quality impacts caused by forest road systems." Phd thesis, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/151699.
Full textBooks on the topic "Soil erosion Social aspects Australia"
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Nurullah, Azad S., Rangpur-Dinajpur Rural Service (Bangladesh), Refugee and Migratory Movements Research Unit., and North Bengal Institute for Alternative Research and Advocacy., eds. Coping with displacement: Riverbank erosion in north-west Bangladesh. [Dhaka]: RDRS Bangladesh, North Bengal Institute for Alternative Research and Advocacy, Refugee and Migratory Movements Research Unit, 2004.
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Phillips, Steven. The Soil Conservation Service responds to the 1993 Midwest floods. Washington, D.C: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Soil Conservation Service, Economics and Social Sciences Division, 1994.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Soil erosion Social aspects Australia"
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Nnamani, C. V., D. B. Adewale, H. O. Oselebe, and C. J. Atkinson. "African Yam Bean the Choice for Climate Change Resilience: Need for Conservation and Policy." In African Handbook of Climate Change Adaptation, 453–69. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45106-6_203.
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AbstractGlobal warming has emerged as a major challenge to development and human wellbeing in Sub-Saharan Africa in general and Nigeria in particular. Periodic incidents show that this challenge will continue and increase in impact on all aspects of natural resources – agriculture, ecosystems services, biodiversity depletion, environmental degradation and human health. Recognizing the enormous potential of underutilized plant genetic resources (PGRs) is crucial as sources of solutions to a number of these threatening challenges emanating from climate change (food and nutrition insecurity, genetic erosion, loss of agro-biodiversity, green job growth and income generation) cannot be over-emphasized. Sphenostylis stenocarpa (Hochst. ex. A. Rich) Harms., commonly known as African yam bean (AYB) belonging to the leguminous Fabaceae, is an underutilized PGR with rich portfolio which could serve as vital source of robust adaption and resilient germplasm for vulnerable local communities in Nigeria. Its substantial nutritional, environmental, cultural, social, medicinal, industrial and soil restorative potentials underpins its position as climate – smart species. Enhancing the potentials of African yam bean via robust innovative approaches for wider utilization through accelerated research, farmer seed exchanges, in-situ and ex-situ conservations, farmers selection, and policy programs such as seed sovereignty will accentuate its adaptation and used as resilient climate –smart species for the vulnerable groups in Nigeria to cushion impact of climate change.
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Holleman, Hannah. "The First Global Environmental Problem." In Dust Bowls of Empire, 38–54. Yale University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.12987/yale/9780300230208.003.0003.
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This chapter challenges typical interpretations of the Dust Bowl and puts the disaster into a global frame, linking the past to the present. In so doing, the common roots of contemporary and past developments and struggles are revealed. The Dust Bowl was one spectacular instance of a global problem of soil erosion associated with capitalist colonial expansion. While the official interpretation suggests that agriculture suited for a humid region was imported to an arid region, precipitating the crisis, contemporaneous accounts illustrate how much larger the crisis was, tied up with specific social and economic developments that imposed new socio-ecological relations upon peoples of the world and upon the land irrespective of local climatic conditions. Ultimately, the common denominators across the world—from North to South America, Australia to Africa, and Southeast to East Asia—were not climate and geography, but capitalism and colonialism.