Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Soil compacity'
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Richer, de Forges Anne. "Exploration du potentiel de données d'observations de terrain pour caractériser ou cartographier des propriétés ou des comportements des sols." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Orléans, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024ORLE1049.
Full textWhen carrying soil survey or describing soils in the field, a large number of variables are observed, recorded and stored in databases. Over time, this data on soils becomes available overwhelmingly. However, this data has never been studied in its entirety, nor used to characterize or map soil properties, functioning or behavior. These data are essentially qualitative and often ordinal. The hypothesis of our work is that it is possible to categorize these variables, to relate them to quantitative data and to use them in digital soil mapping (DSM).We evaluate the benefit of the contribution of this uncertain data by taking two examples based on soil texture and compactness. We simulate the consequences of using the hand-feel texture on the calibration and performance of a pedotransfer function. We also show the significant potential of this data in DSM of particle-size fractions, both as input data and as validation data. This mass of data, sometimes from heterogeneous sources, also makes it possible to reveal spatial structures not captured by the available quantitative variables. We use a field test to estimate soil compactness to bring out clusters of physical behavior which are then interpreted and mapped on a national scale.Through these examples, we demonstrate that the mass use of qualitative data can provide new knowledge and be enhanced by exploration and the DSM. We also confirm the potential of data from remote sensing, such as airborne spectrogammametry, as a covariate for the DSM of particle-size of topsoil. In particular, we show that it is possible to extract usable and spatially relevant information from uncertain qualitative data, without necessarily resorting to new, more costly acquisitions
Effenguet, Hervé Crépin. "Écoulements préférentiels dans un sol fin compacté." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998INPLA94N.
Full textThe development of preferential flow paths in the porous medias constitutes an aspect which must be controlled for effective caracterizations of these materials. Ln order to understand this phenomenon in the fine soils, a study is realised according to the morphological method on a plastic fine soil, the silt of Jossigny. The Blue Brilliance is used to dye the preferential flow paths. The material at various water contents and sizes of the clods is compacted according to various methods of compaction (dynamic and semi-static) by layers. Infiltration of dye under various hydraulic pressures indicates the development of preferential flow paths in the dynamic compacted samples, while those resulting from the semi-static compaction present a quasi-homogeneous distribution and evolution of flow in the soil. The development of the preferential flow paths to low and average water contents in the dynamically compacted samples is not a function of the initial state of the soil and the applied hydraulic pressure. It depends exclusively to structural heterogeneity of such a medium after compaction. The data resulting from the image processing on these samples are used for an attempt at three-dimensional visualization of preferential flow paths. Simulation is realised with gOcad software modelisation. Homogeneous samples resulting trom semi-static compaction are prepared according to a particular proceeding developed during the present work. This proceeding results trom the study of preferential flows and the study of distribution and evolution of density in dynamically compacted samples, and the study of evolution of the void ratio in semi-static compaction of a fine soil. These homogeneous samples are used to study infiltration in a partir fine soil with a slight confining pressure. Ln the case of material used in this study, and for the conditions of test and experimental procedure considered, because of the soil-membrane effects and changes of the structure of the soil under the action of confining during infiltration process (hydro-mechanics coupling) some difficulties have been noted
Li, Zhong-Sen. "Etudes des propriétés hydromécaniques des sols argileux non saturés proches de la saturation." Thesis, Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ECAP0023/document.
Full textThis thesis present an experimental study of an unsaturated clayey soil close to saturation, whose degree of saturation is generally above 70%.After characterizing the physical and mechanical properties of the material, several experimental methods were used to study the behaviour and some pathologies of the compacted soil, such as rutting and quilting.A systematic study of the behaviour of the compacted soil on drying-wetting paths starting from different initial states was carried out, completed by suction measurements using filter-paper and psychrometer. Mercury intrusion porosimetry tests gave an insight of the soil microstructure.The thesis also addressed the question of the pore pressure variations of the compacted soil on undrained triaxial path using the axis-translation technique, where some improvements and modifications of the testing device were proposed
Pradeep, Krishna. "Caractérisation et modélisation de la variabilité au niveau du dispositif dans les MOSFET FD-SOI avancés." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019GREAT020/document.
Full textThe ``Moore's Law'' has defined the advancement of the semi-conductor industry for almost half a century. The device dimensions have reduced with each new technology node, and the design community and the market for the semiconductor have always followed this advancement of the industry and created applications which took better advantage of these new devices. But during the past decade, with the device dimensions approaching the fundamental limits imposed by the materials, the pace of this scaling down of device dimensions has decreased. While the technology struggled to keep alive the spirit of ``Moore's Law'' using innovative techniques like 3-D integration and new device architectures, the market also evolved to start making specific demands on the devices, like low power, low leakage devices demanded by Internet of Things (IoT) applications and high performance devices demanded by 5-G and data centre applications. So the semiconductor industry has slowly moved away from being driven by technology advancement, and rather it is now being driven by applications.Increasing power dissipation is an unavoidable outcome of the scaling process, while also targeting higher frequency applications. Historically, this issue has been handled by replacing the basic transistors (BJTs by MOSFETs), freezing the operation frequency in the system, lowering supply voltage, etc. The reduction of supply voltage is even more important for low power applications like in IoT, but this is limited by the device variability. Lowering the supply voltage implies reduced margin for the designers to handle the device variability. This calls for access to improved tools for the designers to predict the variability in the devices and evaluate its effect on the performance of their design and innovations in technology to reduce the variability in the devices. This thesis concentrates in the first part, and evaluates how the device variability can be accurately modelled and how its prediction can be included in the compact models used by the designers in their SPICE simulations.At first the thesis analyses the device variability in advanced FD-SOI transistors using direct measurements. In the spatial scale, depending on the distance between the two devices being considered, the variability can be classified into intra-die, inter-die, inter-wafer, inter-lot or even between different fabs. For the sake of simplicity all the variability within a single die can be grouped together as local variability, while others as global variability. Finally between two arbitrary device, there will be contributions from both local and global variability, in which case it is easier to term it as the total variability. Dedicated measurement strategies are developed using specialized test structures to directly evaluate the variability in different spatial scales using C-V and I-V characterisations. The effect of variability is first analysed on selected figure of merits (FOMs) and process parameters extracted from the C-V and I-V curves, for which parameter extraction methodologies are developed or existing methods are improved. This analysis helps identify the distribution of the parameters and the possible correlations present between the parameters.A very detailed analysis of the device variability in advanced FD-SOI transistors is undertaken in this thesis and a novel and unique characterisation and modelling methodology for the different types of variability is presented in great detail. The dominant sources of variability in the device behaviour, in terms of C-V and I-V and also in terms of parasitics (like gate leakage current) are identified and quantified. This work paves the way to a greater understanding of the device variability in FD-SOI transistors and can be easily adopted to improve the predictability of the commercial SPICE compact models for device variability
Yang, Gang. "Compact Photonic Integrated Passive Circuits." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2021. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/26958.
Full textDarbandy, Ghader. "Compact modeling of gate tunneling leakage current in advanced nanoscale soi mosfets." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/97215.
Full textHoang, Ngoc Lan. "Etudes des propriétés hydromécaniques d’un sable limoneux : de la saturation partielle à la saturation complète." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSET005/document.
Full textThis thesis concerns the experimental characterization of a silty sand from the Livet - Gavet dam (38) as part of the ANR TerreDurable project, for following objectives: 1- Through laboratory tests, characterize the hydro-mechanical behaviour of a fine silty sand (Type A1 in the GTR classification) according to its saturation state. In this study, particular emphasis is placed on the characterization of this behaviour in the near-saturated domain. 2- Interpret the water behaviour of material on the drainage - imbibition cycles, in relation to the analysis of its microstructure. 3- From a general point of view, provide a comprehensive database and analysis allowing the development and calibration of models of near-saturated fine soil's behaviour, in particular, by considering complex hydro-mechanical loading paths. For all tests in this study, the material is considered in two states: either in the state of paste (normally consolidated material) prepared at water content close to the limit of liquidity, or in compacted state (over consolidated material) at different compaction energies and different initial water contents
Diagne, Birahim. "Étude et modélisation compacte d'un transistor MOS SOI double-grille dédié à la conception." Phd thesis, Université Louis Pasteur - Strasbourg I, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00206167.
Full textLe modèle prend en compte non seulement les effets de petites géométries tels que l'abaissement de la barrière de potentiel induit par le drain, le partage de charge, la dégradation de la pente sous le seuil ainsi que la réduction de la mobilité des porteurs, mais également les effets dynamiques extrinsèques.
Il a été validé pour des dispositifs de longueur de canal de 60nm. Sa validation a été effectuée par comparaison de ses résultats avec ceux obtenus sur le simulateur de composants Atlas/SILVACO.
Diagne, Birahim. "Etude et modélisation compacte d'un transistor MOS SOI double-grille dédié à la conception." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2007. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2007/DIAGNE_Birahim_2007.pdf.
Full textAltındiş, Mustafa Güden Mustafa. "CaP coating of porous sintered Ti6Al4V powder compacts using biomimetic and sol-gel methods." [s.l.]: [s.n.], 2006. http://library.iyte.edu.tr/tezler/master/malzemebilimivemuh/T000544.pdf.
Full textDiagne, Birahim Lallement Christophe. "Étude et modélisation compacte d'un transistor MOS SOI double-grille dédié à la conception." Strasbourg : Université Louis Pasteur, 2008. http://eprints-scd-ulp.u-strasbg.fr:8080/860/01/DIAGNE_Birahim_2007.pdf.
Full textCucarella, Cabañas Victor. "Recycling Filter Substrates used for Phosphorus Removal from Wastewater as Soil Amendments." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Mark- och vattenteknik, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-10204.
Full textQC 20100708
Araujo, Steven. "Evaluation de la compacité des enrobés bitumineux et caractérisation large bande des propriétés diélectriques des roches." Thesis, Normandie, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017NORMR039/document.
Full textThe control of new paved road is primordial to ensure its quality as well as its lifetime. Thus, several physical properties need to be well calibrated and controlled in order to avoid early degradations and safety issues for the drivers. Furthermore, the coast associated to the road building and the road maintenance is significant which makes the implementation of asphalt pavement according to the standard even more important. Among the properties that need attentions, the compactness which is indicative of the air void concentration in the asphalt pavement is the one we are interested in. Currently, only two methods in laboratory (in Europe) are considered as standards to assess the compactness. Nevertheless, these techniques are either nuclear or destructive which is a major hindrance. In the past two decades, new electromagnetic (EM) techniques have emerged and proved their great utility for geophysics or civil engineering applications and more importantly for the compactness assessment. However, these non-destructive and non-nuclear methods require many special precautions for the compactness assessment. First of all, they allow to measure the dielectric permittivity of the investigated material. Then to figure out the compactness, the use of EM mixing models is required. This leads to the accurate knowledge of every components constituting the asphalt pavement and their related properties (density and permittivity). The first main part of this work spotlights the relevance of using a step frequency radar for the compactness assessment. The study of several EM mixing models is performed to select the most appropriate ones. Nowadays, one of the challenges to address for these techniques is that the use of recycled materials is more and more commonly implemented for new roads building. Indeed, as the knowledge of the component properties is required, this makes the compactness assessment even more difficult. As a consequence, several methods have been developed and are proposed to assess the compactness of a new paved highway containing recycled asphalt pavement. The second main part of this research is the dielectric characterization of many rocks which are the main component of the asphalt pavement. This characterization is validated from low to high frequencies and also as a function of the temperature. The results show at high frequency that the permittivity is mainly dependent on the density and the chemical composition of the rock. However, as the frequency decreases and the temperature varies, this is not longer true and additional phenomena appear and drastically change the dielectric behavior of the rock. Also, it has been shown that the water plays a major role on the dielectric behavior at low frequency. This phenomena are reflected partially by small variations at "high frequency" that could explained the deviations obtained for capacitive techniques which work in the MHz region and which are used also for the compactness assessment
Alshihabi, Omran. "Étude en laboratoire du comportement d'un sol compacté non saturé : influence des cycles de séchage-humidification." Lille 1, 2002. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/2002/50376-2002-167-168.pdf.
Full textBenevides, Larissa Dantas. "Avalia??o do uso do DCP em areias para controle da capacidade de carga em funda??es diretas e controle de compacta??o de aterros." Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2012. http://repositorio.ufrn.br:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/14836.
Full textCoordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior
This work presents results of field and laboratory tests using a Dynamic Cone Penetrometer, DCP. The tests were performed in order to evaluate the use of the equipment in sand for the control of bearing capacity of shallow foundations and fill compaction. For shallow foundations, the laboratory tests were conducted on sand placed in a metallic mould by the method of sand pluviation. Although the results show the inability to reproduce field conditions in the laboratory it was possible to verify the ability of the DCP to identify less resistant soil layers. The DCP tests for the analysis of compaction control were performed in a strong box with inside dimensions of 1,40 m x 1,40 m and 0,70 m in height. The soil layers were compacted with different densities though the use of a vibrating plate in order to obtain correlations between penetration index, DPI, and soil relative density. Other tests were also conducted to assess the influence of soil moisture on tests results. Among other findings, the results showed the great potential for the use of DCP to control the compaction of sand fills
Este trabalho apresenta resultados de ensaios com um penetr?metro din?mico de cone, DCP, realizados em campo e em laborat?rio. Os ensaios foram realizados com o objetivo de avaliar o uso do equipamento em areias para o controle da capacidade de carga em funda??es diretas e da compacta??o de aterros. No caso da an?lise de funda??es diretas, os ensaios em laborat?rio foram realizados com o solo preparado em um cilindro met?lico atrav?s do m?todo da chuva de areia. Na execu??o de funda??es diretas apesar dos resultados mostrarem a impossibilidade de reproduzir em laborat?rio as condi??es de campo verificou-se a possibilidade do uso do DCP para a detec??o de camadas de solo menos resistentes. Os ensaios penetrom?tricos para controle de compacta??o foram conduzidos numa caixa de ensaios com 1,40 x 1,40 m de base e 0,70 m de altura. A areia foi preparada na caixa com diferentes compacidades utilizando-se uma placa vibrat?ria para a obten??o de correla??es entre o valor do ?ndice de penetra??o din?mica do penetr?metro, DPI, e a densidade relativa do solo. Alguns ensaios tamb?m foram realizados com o intuito de avaliar a influ?ncia do teor de umidade no valor do DPI. Entre outras conclus?es, os resultados mostraram o grande potencial de uso do DCP no controle da compacta??o de aterros com areia
Song, Jiguo. "Compact Trench-Based Silicon-on-Insulator Rib Waveguide 90-Degree and 105-Degree Bend and Splitter Design." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2008. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd2547.pdf.
Full textLahoori, Mojdeh. "Thermo-hydro-mechanical behavior of an embankment to store thermal energy." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LORR0252.
Full textNowadays, thermal energy storage in geostructures like embankments can be possible by installing the horizontal heat exchangers in different layers of compacted soil. In this system, the thermal energy is stored in summer via a fluid, circulating in the heat exchangers, to be extracted in the demand period. When the serviceability of embankment as a medium to store the thermal energy starts, the compacted soil will be subjected to the daily and seasonally temperature variations. These seasonal temperature variations could modify the thermo-hydro-mechanical performance of the compacted soil. Thus, the aim of this study is to investigate the thermal and mechanical performances of a compacted soil when it is subjected to monotonic and cyclic temperature variations. The studied soil is a sandy lean clay that is frequently used in embankment constructions in France. The thermal and mechanical behavior of the soil are investigated at a compaction state corresponding to the optimal thermal properties. However, this compacted soil is unsaturated and the estimation of its thermal properties is complex. In this study, an inverse analytical model is proposed to estimate the thermal properties of the soil using temperature monitoring in the range of 20 to 50 °C in a soil compacted in a large container. The estimated thermal parameters were compared to classical laboratory measurements (transient and steady-state methods). The comparison showed that the estimated values were close to the results obtained in transient laboratory method. Using this method, the thermal efficiency of the compacted soil can be verified in the lifetime of the storage system. To ensure the structure stability, long-term mechanical response of these systems subjected to monotonic and cyclic temperature variations should be investigated. To achieve this aim, using temperature-controlled oedometric and direct shear devices, consolidation and shear parameters of the studied soil at different monotonic (5, 20, and 50 °C) and cyclic (5 to 50 °C) temperatures were investigated. The results of temperature-controlled oedometric tests showed that the effect of the temperature variation is more pronounced under vertical pressures higher than the preconsolidation pressure. The compression and swelling indexes could be considered independent of temperature variations. Therefore, the overall settlement of the embankment due to thermal variation near the heat exchangers could be considered negligible. The results of temperature-controlled direct shear tests showed that the temperature variations (monotonic heating or cooling, or temperature cycles) increased the cohesion which is beneficial for the bearing capacity and slope stability of embankments. These results can be directly used in the design of embankments to store thermal energy exposed to similar thermo-mechanical paths. Finally, the thermal performance of the compacted soil is verified using a numerical simulation considering the soil atmosphere interaction. Different depths installation of heat exchanger loops and different heat storage scenarios were simulated. The results showed that the compacted soil increases 8.5% the systems performance compared to the horizontal loop installation in the local soil. The results of two different scenarios show that an inlet fluid temperature of 50 °C in summer increases highly the system performance (13.7% to 41.4%) while the improvement is less significant (0% to 4.8%) for the ambient inlet temperature. Moreover, a deeper installation of horizontal loops increases the system performance. From the numerical simulation results can be concealed that the embankment is in interaction with the atmosphere from its upper and lateral surfaces, the thermal efficiency of the structure could be affected due to heat losses. Therefore, it is preferable to place the heat exchangers away from the top and side surfaces
El, Husseini Joanna. "Modélisation et caractérisation de la conduction électrique et du bruit basse fréquence de structures MOS à multi-grilles." Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011MON20209/document.
Full textWith the continuous reduction of the size of MOS devices, various associated short channel effects become significant and limit this scaling. To restrain this limit, multi-gate MOSFET devices seem to be more interesting, thanks to their better control of the gate on the channel. These new devices seem to be good candidates to replace the classical MOS architecture. The existing physical models used to predict the behaviour of MOSFET bulk devices are limited when they are applied to these emerging structures. This thesis is devoted to the development of numerical and analytical models dedicated to the characterization of new SOI architectures and bulk devices. We focus on the modeling of the drain current based on the surface potential as well was the modeling of the low frequency noise behaviour of these devices. We propose an explicit model describing the front and back surface potential of a FD SOI structure. We then develop numerical and analytical low frequency noise models allowing the characterization of the different oxides of a FD SOI structure. The last part of this thesis is devoted to the study of a new architecture of bulk MOS transistors. A characterization of the electrical conduction of this device and its low frequency noise behavior are presented
CUISINIER, Olivier. "COMPORTEMENT HYDROMÉCANIQUE DES SOLS GONFLANTS COMPACTÉS." Phd thesis, Institut National Polytechnique de Lorraine - INPL, 2002. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00004524.
Full textPour atteindre cet objectif, deux types d'œdomètre à succion contrôlée, soit par la méthode osmotique, soit par la technique des solutions salines saturées, ont été utilisés, les œdomètres à solutions salines ayant entièrement été développés pour ce travail.
Le support de l'étude est un matériau gonflant compacté. Les essais réalisés montrent en premier lieu que la pression de préconsolidation apparente atteint une valeur constante à partir de 38,5 MPa, dans le domaine des fortes succions. Par contre, la pente de compression plastique varie de manière non monotone en fonction de la succion appliquée. La variation de ces deux paramètres apparaît fortement liée à la structure initiale des éprouvettes. Par la suite, l'influence des sollicitations hydriques complexes a été étudiée, ce qui a permis de montrer que les résultats d'un essai sur un sol gonflant dépendent du chemin de contrainte hydrique même lorsqu'une humidification est réalisée en cours d'essai. L'interprétation de ces résultats dans le cadre des modèles de Barcelone a ensuite été proposée afin d'évaluer les possibilités de chacun des deux modèles existants. Le modèle de Barcelone pour sols gonflants nécessite, en outre, la réalisation d'essais comportant des cycles hydriques et au moins un essai à volume constant et à succion contrôlée.
En conclusion, ce travail a permis la mise en œuvre, le développement et la validation de deux dispositifs expérimentaux à succion contrôlée. Ceci a rendu possible la caractérisation du comportement hydromécanique d'un sol gonflant compacté en fonction de différentes sollicitations hydriques.
Cui, Yu-Jun. "Etude du comportement d'un limon compacté non saturé et de sa modélisation dans un cadre élasto-plastique." Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale des Ponts et Chaussées, 1993. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00846200.
Full textFarias, Ismar Lima de. "Comportamento mecânico e hídrico de um argissolo amarelo de tabuleiros costeiros cultivado com cana-de-açúcar." Universidade Federal de Sergipe, 2012. https://ri.ufs.br/handle/riufs/6647.
Full textO ecossistema de Tabuleiros Costeiros é de grande importância para a região Nordeste do país e é ocupado, principalmente, pelo cultivo da cana-de-açúcar. Esse ecossistema possui solos com horizontes coesos de origem pedogenética, apresentando adensamento que pode ser potencializado pelo uso intensivo de máquinas e implementos agrícolas com umidade do solo inadequada. O desenvolvimento e aprofundamento radicular são prejudicados pelo adensamento, que diminui a capacidade de infiltração e a disponibilidade de água no perfil do solo, que associado aos períodos de estiagem resulta em queda na produtividade e longevidade das lavouras. Com isso, o objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar o comportamento mecânico e hídrico de um Argissolo Amarelo de tabuleiros costeiros cultivado com cana-de-açúcar no estado de Alagoas. Para os ensaios de laboratório foram utilizados volumes de solo retirados nas profundidades de 0 a 0,20 m, 0,20 a 0,40 m e 0,40 a 0,60 m, representando os horizontes Ap, AB e Bt de áreas de Argissolo Amarelo da Fazenda Progresso de propriedade da Usina Coruripe. Os tratamentos foram compostos por diferentes densidades do solo obtidas por meio de corpos de prova contidos dentro de anéis volumétricos, a partir de volumes de solo com estrutura não preservada. Os corpos de prova foram submetidos a ensaio de resistência à penetração em laboratório, com umidade referente às tensões utilizadas para construção da curva característica de retenção de água no solo, utilizadas pelo Laboratório de Física do Solo da Embrapa Tabuleiros Costeiros. O horizonte Ap não apresenta restrições ao desenvolvimento radicular, visto que a resistência a penetração em laboratório (RPL) não atingiu o valor considerado limitante. A Ds crítica para os horizontes AB e Bt com solo desestruturado foram 1,844 e 1,628 Mg m-3, respectivamente. No solo com estrutura preservada observou-se Ds crítica de 1,617 e 1,619 para os mesmos horizontes. Contudo, a Ds em que começa a restrição ao desenvolvimento radicular pela θrp ≥ 2000 kPa foi 1,609 Mg m-3 com solo desestruturado e 1,494 Mg m-3 para o solo com estrutura preservada na profundidade de 0,20 a 0,40 m; na profundidade de 0,40 a 0,60 m essa Ds foi 1,453 e 1,273 Mg m-3 para o solo desestruturado e com estrutura preservada, respectivamente. A desestruturação mostrou-se benéfica ao comportamento mecânico e hídrico do solo para os horizontes AB e Bt do Argissolo Amarelo, ainda que continue com a mesma densidade, sugerindo mais estudos, principalmente em campo, que indiquem o manejo mais adequado para o desenvolvimento das culturas nesse solo.
Guérois, Marianne. "Les formes des villes européennes vues du ciel : une contribution de l'image CORINE à la comparaison morphologique des grandes villes d'Europe occidentale." Phd thesis, Paris 1, 2003. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00004303.
Full textValdès, Gomez Hector. "Relations entre états de croissance de la vigne et maladies cryptogamiques sous différentes modalités d’entretien du sol en région méditerranéenne." Montpellier, ENSA, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007ENSA0012.
Full textMalherbe, Victor. "Multi-scale modeling of radiation effects for emerging space electronics : from transistors to chips in orbit." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AIXM0753/document.
Full textThe effects of cosmic radiation on electronics have been studied since the early days of space exploration, given the severe reliability constraints arising from harsh space environments. However, recent evolutions in the space industry landscape are changing radiation effects practices and methodologies, with mainstream technologies becoming increasingly attractive for radiation-hardened integrated circuits. Due to their high operating frequencies, new transistor architectures, and short rad-hard development times, chips manufactured in latest CMOS processes pose a variety of challenges, both from an experimental standpoint and for modeling perspectives. This work thus focuses on simulating single-event upsets and transients in advanced FD-SOI and bulk silicon processes.The soft-error response of 28 nm FD-SOI transistors is first investigated through TCAD simulations, allowing to develop two innovative models for radiation-induced currents in FD-SOI. One of them is mainly behavioral, while the other captures complex phenomena, such as parasitic bipolar amplification and circuit feedback effects, from first semiconductor principles and in agreement with detailed TCAD simulations.These compact models are then interfaced to a complete Monte Carlo Soft-Error Rate (SER) simulation platform, leading to extensive validation against experimental data collected on several test vehicles under accelerated particle beams. Finally, predictive simulation studies are presented on bit-cells, sequential and combinational logic gates in 28 nm FD-SOI and 65 nm bulk Si, providing insights into the mechanisms that contribute to the SER of modern integrated circuits in orbit
Malherbe, Victor. "Multi-scale modeling of radiation effects for emerging space electronics : from transistors to chips in orbit." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Aix-Marseille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AIXM0753.
Full textThe effects of cosmic radiation on electronics have been studied since the early days of space exploration, given the severe reliability constraints arising from harsh space environments. However, recent evolutions in the space industry landscape are changing radiation effects practices and methodologies, with mainstream technologies becoming increasingly attractive for radiation-hardened integrated circuits. Due to their high operating frequencies, new transistor architectures, and short rad-hard development times, chips manufactured in latest CMOS processes pose a variety of challenges, both from an experimental standpoint and for modeling perspectives. This work thus focuses on simulating single-event upsets and transients in advanced FD-SOI and bulk silicon processes.The soft-error response of 28 nm FD-SOI transistors is first investigated through TCAD simulations, allowing to develop two innovative models for radiation-induced currents in FD-SOI. One of them is mainly behavioral, while the other captures complex phenomena, such as parasitic bipolar amplification and circuit feedback effects, from first semiconductor principles and in agreement with detailed TCAD simulations.These compact models are then interfaced to a complete Monte Carlo Soft-Error Rate (SER) simulation platform, leading to extensive validation against experimental data collected on several test vehicles under accelerated particle beams. Finally, predictive simulation studies are presented on bit-cells, sequential and combinational logic gates in 28 nm FD-SOI and 65 nm bulk Si, providing insights into the mechanisms that contribute to the SER of modern integrated circuits in orbit
Pozzobon, Nicola. "A Level 1 Tracking Trigger for the CMS Experiment at the LHC Phase 2 Luminosity Upgrade." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3422049.
Full textDurante il secondo decennio di operazioni al Large Hadron Collider, a partire dall'anno 2020, è previsto un notevole aumento della luminosità istantanea del collisionatore, di un ordine di grandezza superiore rispetto a quella di progetto. Questa luminosità presenta numeose sfide per gli esperimenti a LHC. Il Tracciatore attualmente impiegato nell'esperimento Compact Muon Solenoid dovrà essere rimpiazzato con un sistema in grado di garantire una tracciatura di qualità eccellente ad alte luminosità e, allo stesso tempo, fornire informazioni utili per l'attuale "Livello 0" del sistema di Trigger a CMS, alla frequenza di collisioni di 40 MHz. Le richieste minime per un Trigger basato sul Tracciatore sono la capacità di confermare la presenza di tracce ad alto pT associate a Trigger di Livello 0 ottenuti con i Calorimetri o i rivelatori di muoni. La capacità di fornire criteri efficaci di isolazione può essere ulteriormente richiesa e in ogni caso migliorerebbe significativamente le prestazioni del Trigger. Il rateo dei dati associati con la generazione nel Tracciatore di informazione di Trigger può essere mantenuto in una larghezza di banda sufficientemente maneggevole richiedendo che i moduli sensitivi siano in grado di ridurre localmente i dati. I principali candidati per una simile riduzione locale del rateo i dati sono caratterizzati dalla capacità di fornire la direzione della traccia nel piano trasverso, oltre alla sua posizione, da cui poter dedurre la quantità di moto della traccia stessa. Questi "pT-modules" trasmetterebbero di conseguenza al Trigger di primo livello degli abbozzi di traccia ("stub") generati da particelle con pT al di sopra di 2 GeV/c. La scelta di una simile soglia permetterebbe la riduzione dei dati di un fattore superiore a 10, consentendo quindi un rateo facilmente tollerabile. I moduli di Trigger possono essere realizzati con due sensori di silicio paralleli leggermente separati, caratterizzati da una risoluzione sulla misura del singolo punto d'impatto tale che gli stub, ottenuti tramite correlazione tra i punti misurati nel modulo, possano fornire un'adeguata misura della direzione della traccia, nonostante il braccio di leva sia dell'ordine del millimetro. Un'ipotetica configurazione per il Tracciatore, composto da "lunghi barili", che prevede un Tracciatore esterno realizzato totalmente con moduli di Trigger, è stata proposta. Essa è particolarmente flessibile negli studi di simulazione per il Trigger realizzato con il Tracciatore giacché consente di combinare tra loro, tramite proiezioni geometriche, le informazioni provenienti da diversi strati del Tracciatore. Pertanto è un campo di prova per confrontare le prestazioni di diverse concezioni e diverse configurazioni. Il Tracciatore proposto permette anche la generazione di oggetti più articolati degli stub per il Trigger, come ad esempio le "tracklet", che consistono in coppie di stub opportunamente associate tra loro, le quali possono a loro volta essere usate come punto di partenza per la costruzione di Tracce di Primo Livello. La scelta di moduli di Trigger realizzati con sensori accoppiati è rafforzata da risultati recenti ottenuti con dei prototipi innovativi di rivelatori a Pixel Monolitici durante dei test sotto fascio riportati in questa tesi. Lo sviluppo di simulazioni per un Trigger con il Tracciatore è anch'esso presentato come un significativo progresso verso la progettazione di un nuovo Tracciatore realistico e capace di fornire informazioni utili per il Trigger. Particolarmente impegnativo è lo sforzo per un Trigger che selezioni i leptoni tau prodotti in numerosi processi rari di interesse per gli esperimenti a LHC. Le prestazioni di un Trigger con il Tracciatore su stati finali contenenti leptoni tau saranno fondamentali a luminosità molto elevate e sono illustrate alla fine di questo documento, come naturale prosecuzione del lavoro descritto.
Latha, M. S. "Studies on Characteristics of Stabilized Soil Compacts for Structural Applications." Thesis, 2015. https://etd.iisc.ac.in/handle/2005/4502.
Full textLin, Shih-Chia, and 林世佳. "Compact Modeling of SOI and Bulk CMOS VLSI Devices." Thesis, 2001. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/13333084743117909929.
Full text國立臺灣大學
電機工程學研究所
89
In this thesis, analytical models for shallow-trench-isolated bulk CMOS devices and partially-depleted SOI CMOS VLSI devices are described. In Chpater2, using a conformal mapping technique to simplify the 2D analysis, the inverse narrow-channel effect threshold voltage model for shallow-trench-isolated (STI) CMOS devices is derived. Based on the model, the inverse narrow-channel effect also affects the saturation-region output conductance of a small-geometry STI CMOS device in addition to the short-channel effect. In Chapter3, the subthreshold current hump model for deep-submicron shallow-trench-isolated CMOS devices is derived. With a more heavily doped substrate, the current hump phenomenon occurs at a more negative back gate bias. In Chapter4, via a proposed body-emitter voltage model, a temperature-dependent kink effect model for the partially-depleted SOI NMOS devices is derived. Triggering voltage formula for temperature-dependent kink is obtained. According to these models, at a higher operation temperature and with a lighter thin-film doping density, the onset of the kink effect occurs at a larger triggering voltage. In Chapter5, using a concise BiCMOS approach, PD SOI-Technology SPICE models are described first. Using the PD SOI-Technology SPICE models, the kink effects, the hysteresis behavior and the transient behavior can be analyzed. In order to show the effectiveness of the PD SOI-Technology SPICE models, the behaviors of a static logic circuit, a dynamic logic circuit, and an SRAM critical path are analyzed.
Sun, Chih-Kuo, and 孫治國. "A Compact Threshold Voltage Model for Gate Misalignment Effect of Double-Gate (DG) Fully-Depleted (FD) SOI NMOS Devices." Thesis, 2003. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/23813925413266784026.
Full text國立臺灣大學
電子工程學研究所
91
This thesis reports an analysis of gate misalignment effect on the threshold voltage of double-gate (DG) fully-depleted (FD) silicon on insulator (SOI) NMOS devices. In chapter 2, we discuss the threshold voltage model of the normal DG FD SOI PMOS devices without considering gate misalignment effect in different channel length. In chapter 3, by using the conformal mapping transformation approach, a closed-form compact model considering the fringing electric field effect in the non-gate overlap region of DG FD SOI NMOS device has been derived to provide an accurate prediction of threshold voltage behavior as verified by the 2D simulation results.
PICHLÍKOVÁ, Jana. "Zjišťování poklesu půdního horizontu na odvodněných plochách geodetickými metodami." Master's thesis, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-51269.
Full textPIVOŇKA, Jiří. "Vyhodnocení vsakovacích schopností půd pomocí přetlakového infiltrometru." Master's thesis, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-202632.
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