Academic literature on the topic 'Soil chemistry'

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Journal articles on the topic "Soil chemistry"

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Vodianitsky, Yu. "SOIL CHEMISTRY TRENDS." Dokuchaev Soil Bulletin, no. 66 (December 11, 2010): 64–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.19047/0136-1694-2010-66-64-82.

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In modern soil chemistry, four main directions are being actively developed: 1) chemistry of organic matter, 2) biochemical processes in soils, 3) chemical basis of soil protection, 4) soil study aschemical membrane and a pool of chemical elements. Interest to the study of organic matter, soil contamination and the role of soil as a chemical component of the environment reflects pragmatic trends in modern soil chemistry. Many advances in soil chemistry are now associated with the use of new nonspecific methods of analysis, primarily physical ones. The greatest progress has been made inidentification of individual chemical compounds in soil when using synchrotron X-ray technology.
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TATE, ROBERT L. "SOIL CHEMISTRY: THE ULTIMATE CHEMIST'S CHALLENGE." Soil Science 161, no. 12 (December 1996): 811. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00010694-199612000-00001.

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DONER, HARVEY E. "Soil Chemistry." Soil Science 156, no. 3 (September 1993): 206–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00010694-199309000-00011.

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Essington, Michael E. "Environmental Soil Chemistry." Soil Science 162, no. 3 (March 1997): 229–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00010694-199703000-00009.

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Sparks, Donald L. "Soil Physical Chemistry." Soil Science 145, no. 3 (March 1988): 231–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00010694-198803000-00012.

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Smernik, Ron. "Environmental Soil Chemistry." Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment 100, no. 1 (November 2003): 94–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0167-8809(03)00222-6.

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Kretzschmar, Ruben. "Environmental Soil Chemistry." Geoderma 121, no. 1-2 (July 2004): 154–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2003.10.001.

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Lochman, V., V. Mareš, and V. Fadrhonsová. "Development of air pollutant deposition, soil water chemistry and soil on Šerlich research plots, and water chemistry in a surface water source." Journal of Forest Science 50, No. 6 (January 11, 2012): 263–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/4624-jfs.

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&nbsp; In 1986 (1987) research plots were established in a forest stands on the south-western slope of &Scaron;erlich Mt., Orlick&eacute; hory Mts. (Kristina Colloredo-Mansfeld &ndash; Forest Administration Opočno), at the altitude of 950 to 970 m, to study deposition, chemistry of precipitation and soil water and development of soil chemistry. The plots were established on a clear-cut area, in a young stand and a mature stand of spruce, in a mature beech stand, and in an advanced growth of spruce and European mountain ash. The content of solutes in creek water was studied at the same time. Since 1993 the concentration of substances in precipitation water intercepted in the summit part of &Scaron;erlich Mt. has been measured. Research on water chemistry in the stands terminated in 1997. Soil analyses were done in 1986 (1987), 1993 and 1999. The load of acid air pollutants in these forest ecosystems was high in the eighties. After 1991 the deposition of H<sup>+</sup>, S/SO<sub>4</sub><sup>2&ndash;</sup>, N/NO<sub>3</sub><sup>&ndash; </sup>+ NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup>, Mn, Zn, Al decreased. Similarly, an increase in pH was observed in soil water, and the concentrations of SO<sub>4</sub><sup>2&ndash;</sup>, and N, Al compounds decreased. But in 1993 the concentrations of SO<sub>4</sub><sup>2&ndash;</sup> and Al increased again under the spruce stand for several months. The concentrations of NO<sub>3</sub><sup>&ndash;</sup>, Mn, Zn and Al in the stream water also gradually decreased in the nineties. On the contrary, the average values of S-ions increased compared to those of 1987 to 1991. Strongly acid soil reaction developed in deeper layers until 1993. In the second half of the nineties the pH/H<sub>2</sub>O value somewhat increased again, however the reserve of K, Mg, Ca available cations in the mineral soil constantly decreased. The saturation of sorption complex by basic cations in the lower layer of rhizosphere did not reach even 10% in 1999. The forest ecosystems of &Scaron;erlich Mt. were also loaded by a high fall-out of Pb, and increased fall-out of Cu. The lack of balance of N-compound transformations and consumption in the soil and increased leaching of N in the form of nitrates contribute to soil acidification on the investigated plots.
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Habumugisha, Vincent, Khaldoon A. Mourad, and Léonidas Hashakimana. "The Effects of Trees on Soil Chemistry." Current Environmental Engineering 6, no. 1 (March 27, 2019): 35–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/2212717806666181218141807.

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Background: Trees often affect the chemical properties of soil, positively or negatively. Objective: This paper studied the effects of Podocarpus falcatus and Markhamia lutea trees on soil chemistry in Ruhande Arboretum, Rwanda. Methods: Soil samples were collected using Zigzag method from Arboretum forest of Ruhande at different depths (0-20, 20-40 and 40-60 cm). For each plot, 25 samples were collected to make one composite sample per plot for each depth. Results: The results showed that tree species contributed to the changes of soil chemistry along the depths of the soil layers. The laboratory analyses showed that there was a high significant influence of tree species on soil pH and Aluminum ions. However, it was observed that there was no significant influence of Podocarpus falcatus and Markhamia lutea species on the available phosphorus or on the total exchangeable acidity. On the other hand, analyzing soil samples under Markhamia lutea showed an increase in the total nitrogen and a decrease in the pH and available phosphorus. Conclusion: Trees affect the chemical properties of soils. Therefore, it is recommended that under acidic soils, for example, forestry and agroforestry actors should use less acidifying tree species, such as Markhamia lutea and Podocarpus falcatus.
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Sasse, Joelle. "Plant Chemistry and Morphological Considerations for Efficient Carbon Sequestration." CHIMIA 77, no. 11 (November 29, 2023): 726–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2533/chimia.2023.726.

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Carbon sequestration to soils counteracts increasing CO2 levels in the atmosphere, and increases soil fertility. Efforts to increase soil carbon storage produced mixed results, due to the multifactorial nature of this process, and the lack of knowledge on molecular details on the interplay of plants, microbes, and soil physiochemical properties. This review outlines the carbon flow from the atmosphere into soils, and factors resulting in elevated or decreased carbon sequestration are outlined. Carbon partitioning within plants defines how much fixed carbon is allocated belowground, and plant and microbial respiration accounts for the significant amount of carbon lost. Carbon enters the soil in form of soluble and polymeric rhizodeposits, and as shoot and root litter. These different forms of carbon are immobilized in soils with varying efficiency as mineral-bound or particulate organic matter. Plant-derived carbon is further turned over by microbes in different soil layers. Microbial activity and substrate use is influenced by the type of carbon produced by plants (molecular weight, chemical class). Further, soil carbon formation is altered by root depth, growth strategy (perennial versus annual), and C/N ratio of rhizodeposits influence soil carbon formation. Current gaps of knowledge and future directions are highlighted.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Soil chemistry"

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Sørensen, Rasmus. "Topographical influence on soil chemistry /." Uppsala : Department of Environmental Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 2006. http://epsilon.slu.se/10113030.pdf.

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Golchin, Ahmad. "Spatial distribution, chemistry and turnover of organic matter in soils." Title page, contents and summary only, 1996. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phg617.pdf.

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Copies of author's previously published works inserted. Bibliography: leaves 260-299. This thesis describes the concept of organic matter turnover and various methods to measure the decay rates of organic materials in the soil. Methods are developed to separate SOM from different locations within the soil matrix. Free particulate organic matter (POM), located between or outside the soil aggregates is isolated. Occluded POM is disaggregeted by sonification. The compositional differences noted among the three components of SOM are used to describe the changes that OM undergoes during decomposition. The process is followed as organic matter enters the soil, is enveloped in aggregates and is eventually incorporated into the microbial biomass and metabolites then becoming associated with clay minerals.
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Khoee, Bahman. "Soil solution and exchange complex chemistry in a forested watershed." Thesis, McGill University, 1989. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=61821.

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Fotovat, Amir. "Chemistry of indigenous Zn and Cu in the soil-water system : alkaline sodic and acidic soils." Title page, contents and abstract only, 1997. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phf761.pdf.

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Copies of author's previously published articles inserted. Bibliography: leaves 195-230. In this study the soil aqueous phase chemistry of Zn and Cu in alkaline sodic soils are investigated. The chemistry of trace metal ions at indigenous concentrations in alkaline sodic soils are reported. Metal ions at low concentrations are measured by the graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GFAAS) technique.
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Dzenitis, John M. "Soil chemistry effects and flow prediction in remediation of soils by electric fields." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/10973.

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Kamari, Azlan. "Chitosans as soil amendments for the remediation of metal contaminated soil." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2011. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/2595/.

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Research was conducted to evaluate the potential of chitosan, a fishery waste-based material, and its derivative cross-linked chitosans, as soil amendments for the remediation of metal contaminated land. This research comprised modification of chitosan followed by a characterisation study, a batch sorption study, two pot experiments and a biodegradation study. Chitosan was modified with three cross-linking reagents, namely glutaraldehyde (GLA), epichlorohydrin (ECH) and ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether (EGDE). The characterisation study used X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) methods to investigate the effect of cross-linking treatment on the surface and physical properties of chitosan, the effect of metal interaction on the surface properties of chitosan and cross-linked chitosans, and the binding mechanism(s) of metal ions onto the chitosans. Cross-linking treatments on chitosan enhanced its chemical stability in acidic media and increased its BET surface area. Metal interaction reduced the crystallinity and changed the surface morphology of the chitosans. FTIR analysis revealed that the complexation of metal ions was through dative covalent interaction with the amino and hydroxyl groups of the chitosans. The batch sorption study evaluated the ability of chitosan and cross-linked chitosans to bind heavy metals. The effects of contact time, initial metal concentration and background electrolyte on metal binding were assessed. The binding behaviour was described by several kinetic and isotherm models. The maximum binding capacity (Q) values, estimated using the Langmuir isotherm model for the chitosans were comparable with other low-cost sorbents reported in the literature. The sorption-desorption study showed that the chitosans were able to retain metal ions on their surfaces, even at dilution factor of x11. The pot experiments evaluated the effectiveness of chitosan and chitosan-GLA in immobilising heavy metals in the contaminated soil. Their effects on plant growth and metal accumulation in plant tissue were determined using Lolium perenne (perennial ryegrass) and Brassica napus (rapeseed). For perennial ryegrass, the results were dependent on the rate of addition of the chitosans. Low application rates (up to 1% w/w) resulted in an increase in metal uptake, whereas 10% (w/w) addition decreased metal uptake. For rapeseed, metal uptake was decreased at all rates of application of chitosans. The ammonium acetate extractable metals in soil decreased following application of chitosan and plant growth. The biodegradation study measured microbial breakdown of the chitosans in both non-contaminated and contaminated soils. It was estimated that a longer period is required to complete the breakdown of the cross-linked chitosans (up to approximately 100 years) than unmodified chitosan (up to approximately 10 years). The influence of biodegradation on the bioavailable fraction of heavy metals in soil was studied concurrent with the biodegradation trial. It was found that the binding behaviour of chitosan for heavy metals in soils was not affected by the biodegradation process.
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Sika, Makhosazana Princess. "Effect of biochar on chemistry, nutrient uptake and fertilizer mobility in sandy soil." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/20272.

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Thesis (MScAgric)--Stellenbosch University, 2012.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Biochar is a carbon-rich solid material produced during pyrolysis, which is the thermal degradation of biomass under oxygen limited conditions. Biochar can be used as a soil amendment to increase the agronomic productivity of low potential soils. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of applying locally-produced biochar on the fertility of low-nutrient holding, sandy soil from the Western Cape, and to determine the optimum biochar application level. Furthermore, this study investigates the effect of biochar on the leaching of an inorganic nitrogen fertilizer and a multi-element fertilizer from the sandy soil. The biochar used in this study was produced from pinewood sawmill waste using slow pyrolysis (450 °C). The soil used was a leached, acidic, sandy soil from Brackenfell, Western Cape. In the first study, the sandy soil mixed with five different levels of biochar (0, 0.05, 0.5, 0.5 and 10.0 % w/w) was chemically characterised. Total carbon and nitrogen, pH, CEC and plant-available nutrients and toxins were determined. The application of biochar resulted in a significant increase in soil pH, exchangeable basic cations, phosphorus and water holding capacity. A wheat pot trial using the biochar-amended soil was carried out for 12 weeks and to maturity (reached at 22 weeks). The trial was conducted with and without the addition of a water-soluble broad spectrum fertilizer. Results showed that biochar improved wheat biomass production when added at low levels. The optimum biochar application level in the wheat pot trial was 0.5 % (approximately 10 t ha-1 to a depth of 15 cm) for the fertilized treatments (21 % biomass increase), and 2.5 % (approximately 50 t ha-1 to a depth of 15 cm) for unfertilized treatments (29 % biomass increase). Since most biochars are alkaline and have a high C:N ratio, caution should be taken when applying it on poorly buffered sandy soil or without the addition of sufficient nitrogen to prevent nutrient deficiencies. In the second study, leaching columns packed with sandy soil and biochar (0, 0.5, 2.5 and 10.0 % w/w) were set up to determine the effect of biochar on inorganic nitrogen fertilizer leaching over a period of 6 weeks. It was found that biochar (0.5, 2.5, and 10.0 % w/w) significantly reduced the leaching of ammonium (12, 50 and 86 % respectively) and nitrate (26, 42 and 95 % respectively) fertilizer from the sandy soil. Moreover, biochar (0.5 %) significantly reduced the leaching of basic cations, phosphorus and certain micronutrients. This study demonstrated the potential of biochar as an amendment of acidic, sandy soils. Our findings suggest that an application rate of 10 t ha-1 should not be exceeded when applying biochar on these soils. Furthermore, biochar application can significantly reduce nutrient leaching in sandy agricultural soils.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Biochar is ʼn koolstof-ryke, soliede materiaal geproduseer gedurende pirolise, wat die termiese degradasie van biomassa onder suurstof-beperkte omstandighede behels. Biochar kan gebruik word as ʼn grondverbeterings middel om die agronomiese produktiwiteit van grond te verhoog. Die doel van hierdie studie was om die effek van plaaslike vervaardigde biochar op die vrugbaarheid van die sanderige grond van die Wes-Kaap te ondersoek, en om die optimale biochar toedieningsvlak te bepaal. Verder, het hierdie studie die effek van biochar op die loging van anorganiese stikstof kunsmis en ‘n multi-elementkunsmis op sanderige grond ondersoek. Die biochar wat in hierdie studie gebruik is, is van dennehout saagmeul afval vervaardig d.m.v. stadige pirolise (450 °C). Die grond wat in hierdie studie gebruik is, is ‘n geloogde, suur, sanderige grond van Brackenfell, Wes-Kaap. In die eerste studie, is ‘n chemiesie ondersoek van die sanderige grond wat vermeng met is met vyf verskillende vlakke van biochar (0, 0.05, 0.5 en 10.0 % w/w) uitgevoer. Totale koolstof en stikstof, pH, KUK, en plant-beskikbare voedingstowwe en toksiene is in die grondmengsels bepaal. Die toediening van biochar het ‘n veroorsaak dat die grond pH, uitruilbare basiese katione, fosfor en waterhouvermoë beduidend toegeneem het. ‘n Koringpotproef was uitgevoer vir 12 weke en ook tot volwassenheid (wat op 22 weke bereik was) om die effek van die biochar op die sanderige grond teen die vyf verskillende toedieningsvlakke te bepaal. Daar was behandelings met en sonder die bykomstige toediening van ‘n wateroplosbare breë-spektrumkunsmis. Resultate toon dat die toediening van biochar teen lae vlakke koringbiomassa produksie verbeter. Die optimale biochar toedieningsvlak in die koringpotproef is 0.5 % (omtrent 10 t ha-1 tot ‘n diepte van 15 cm) vir die bemeste behandeling (21 % biomassa toename), en 2.5 % (omtrent 50 t ha-1 na ‘n diepte van 15 cm) vir onbemeste behandelings (29 % biomassa toename). Aangesien die meeste biochars alkalies is en ‘n hoë C:N verhouding besit, moet sorg gedra word wanneer dit op swak-gebufferde of lae N-houdende sanderige gronde toegedien word. Die resultate het aangedui dat die biochar versigtig aangewend moet word om grond oorbekalking te voorkom. In die tweede studie, was kolomme gepak met 2.0 kg van die sanderige grond gemeng met biochar (0, 0.05, 0.5, 2.5 en 10.0 % w/w) om die effek van biochar op die loging die anorganiese stikstof kunsmis oor ‘n tydperk van 6 weke om vas te stel. Daar is gevind dat biochar (0.5, 2.5 en 10.0 % w/w) die loging van ammonium (12, 50 en 86 % onderskeidelik) en nitraat (26, 42 en 95 % onderskeidelik) op sanderige grond aansienliek verminder. Verder, het biochar (0.5 %) die loging van basiese katione, fosfor en mikrovoedingstowwe aansienlik verminder. Hierdie studie het die potensiaal van biochar as verbeteringmiddel van suur, sanderige grond gedemonstreer. Ons bevindinge dui daarop aan dat ‘n toepassing vlak van 10 t ha-1 moet nie oorskry word nie wanneer biochar op hierdie gronde toegedien word. Die toediening van biochar op sanderige grond kan die loging van voedingstowwe aansienlik verlaag.
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Hoyle, Frances Carmen. "The effect of soluble organic carbon substrates, and environmental modulators on soil microbial function and diversity /." Connect to this title, 2006. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2007.0050.

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Jenkins, Anthony Blaine. "Organic carbon and fertility of forest soils on the Allegheny Plateau of West Virginia." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2002. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=2486.

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Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2002.
Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains x, 282 p. : ill. (some col.). Vita. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references.
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Chintala, Rajesh. "Lime induced changes in the surface and soil solution chemistry of variable charge soils." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2008. https://eidr.wvu.edu/etd/documentdata.eTD?documentid=5552.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--West Virginia University, 2008.
Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains ix, 128 p. : ill. (some col.). Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references.
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Books on the topic "Soil chemistry"

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1938-, McNeal Brian Lester, and O'Connor George A. 1944-, eds. Soil chemistry. 3rd ed. New York: Wiley, 2001.

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Bohn, Hinrich L. Soil chemistry. 3rd ed. New York: Wiley, 2001.

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1938-, McNeal Brian Lester, and O'Connor George A. 1944-, eds. Soil chemistry. 2nd ed. New York: Wiley, 1985.

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Mamontov, Vladimir. Soil chemistry: a practical course. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1079438.

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The textbook describes methods for analyzing the elemental composition of the mineral part of soils, ways to express the results of gross analysis and recalculation of analytical data. Methods for studying the ion-salt complex of soils and available forms of plant nutrition elements, as well as methods used to determine the total humus and nitrogen, group and fractional composition of humus, and methods for studying some properties of humic acids are presented. The use of gross analysis data, the results of studying the ion-salt complex and soil organic matter for practical purposes is considered. Meets the requirements of the federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation. It is addressed to students of higher educational institutions studying at the faculties of soil Science, agrochemistry and ecology in the field of training "Agrochemistry and agro-soil science", as well as graduate students and researchers specializing in soil science, agrochemistry, ecology and agronomy.
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Sparks, Donald L., Ph. D., ed. Soil physical chemistry. 2nd ed. Boca Raton, Fla: CRC Press, 1999.

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Sparks, Donald L., Ph. D., ed. Soil physical chemistry. Boca Raton, Fla: C.R.C. Press, 1986.

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Sparks, Donald L., Ph. D., Soil Science Society of America., and American Society of Agronomy, eds. Methods of soil analysis. Madison, Wis: Soil Science Society of America, 1996.

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M, Elprince Adel, ed. Chemistry of soil solutions. Malabar, Fla: Krieger Pub. Co., 1990.

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M, Elprince Adel, ed. Chemistry of soil solutions. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold, 1986.

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Conklin, Alfred R., ed. Introduction to Soil Chemistry. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118773383.

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Book chapters on the topic "Soil chemistry"

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Augustin, S., M. Mindrup, and K. J. Meiwes. "Soil chemistry." In Nutrients in Ecosystems, 255–73. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5402-4_7.

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Stuanes, Arne O., and Gunnar Abrahamsen. "Soil Chemistry." In Ecological Studies, 37–100. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-2604-8_4.

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Gupta, Raj K., I. P. Abrol, Charles W. Finkl, M. B. Kirkham, Marta Camps Arbestain, Felipe Macías, Ward Chesworth, James J. Germida, and Richard H. Loeppert. "Soil Chemistry." In Encyclopedia of Soil Science, 637–41. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-3995-9_533.

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Manahan, Stanley E. "Soil." In Environmental Chemistry, 403–42. 11th ed. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003096238-15.

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Melià, Núria, Juan Bellot, and V. Ramon Vallejo. "Soil Water Chemistry." In Ecological Studies, 237–51. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-58618-7_17.

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McLaren, A. D., and G. H. Peterson. "Physical Chemistry and Biological Chemistry of Clay Mineral-Organic Nitrogen Complexes." In Soil Nitrogen, 259–84. Madison, WI, USA: American Society of Agronomy, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/agronmonogr10.c6.

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Blake, George R., Gary C. Steinhardt, X. Pontevedra Pombal, J. C. Nóvoa Muñoz, A. Martínez Cortizas, R. W. Arnold, Randall J. Schaetzl, et al. "Physical Chemistry." In Encyclopedia of Soil Science, 555–58. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-3995-9_435.

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Mailappa, A. S. "Analytical Chemistry." In Experimental Soil Fertility and Biology, 23–27. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003430100-3.

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Öhlinger, R., E. Kandeler, M. Gerzabek, H. Insam, and P. Illmer. "Methods in Soil Chemistry." In Methods in Soil Biology, 396–416. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-60966-4_29.

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Feldman, S. B., and L. W. Zelazny. "Chemistry of Soil Minerals." In SSSA Special Publications, 139–52. Madison, WI, USA: Soil Science Society of America, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2136/sssaspecpub55.c7.

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Conference papers on the topic "Soil chemistry"

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Beavers, J. A., and R. G. Worthingham. "The Influence of Soil Chemistry on SCC of Underground Pipelines." In 2002 4th International Pipeline Conference. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2002-27146.

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High-pH stress corrosion cracking (SCC) failures of underground pipelines have occurred in a wide variety of soils, covering a range in color, texture, and pH. No single characteristic has been found to be common to all of the soil samples. Similarly, the compositions of the water extracts from the soils have not shown any more consistency than the physical descriptions of the soils. On several occasions, small quantities of electrolytes have been obtained from beneath disbonded coatings near locations where high-pH stress corrosion cracks were detected. The principle components of the electrolytes were carbonate and bicarbonate ions and it is now recognized that a concentrated carbonate-bicarbonate environment is responsible for this form of cracking. Much of this early research focused on the anions present in the soils and electrolytes. This paper summarizes the results of analyses of soil and electrolyte data in which the relationship between the cations and the occurrence of high-pH and near-neutral pH SCC were evaluated.
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Vieceli, N. C., E. R. Lovatel, E. M. Cardoso, and I. N. Filho. "Study of bisphenol A in sanitary landfill soil." In SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY 2011. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/chem110211.

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Hrdlička, Jan, and Václav Rypl. "Využití stanovení celkového uhlíku pro výpočet obsahu spalitelných látek a transformace postupu do výuky chemie." In DidSci+ 2021. Brno: Masaryk University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/cz.muni.p210-9876-2021-4.

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Soil, as a topic in education, is a typical multidisciplinary topic that can affect geography, biology and ecology, and if we deal with soil composition and analysis, it also affects chemistry and mathematics. From the chemist's point of view, the loss on ignition of the sample is a historical parameter that is directly related to the content of organic matter in the soil sample and it is used to rating soils or solid fertilizers. Loss on ignition is also directly related to the total carbon content, which is another similar parameter that can be determined in the laboratory. This paper is aligned to the analysis of the possible transforming the methods of solid samples analysis into a form, which is usable in the chemistry teaching. The possibilities of applying mathematical methods to the analysis of the relationships between the above parameters are discussed and the use of such a procedure as an interdisciplinary project in education at various types of schools is discussed.
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Cappuyns, V. "Possibilities and limitations of LCA for the evaluation of soil remediation and cleanup." In SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY 2011. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/chem110201.

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Otero-Fariña, Alba, Helena Brown, Ke-Qing Xiao, Pippa Chapman, Joseph Holden, Steven Banwart, and Caroline Peacock. "The role of soil organic carbon chemistry in soil aggregate formation and carbon preservation." In Goldschmidt2022. France: European Association of Geochemistry, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.46427/gold2022.9955.

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Mishra, Surendra K., William J. Evans, and John I. Lacik. "Treatment of Salt Affected Soil in the Oil Field." In SPE International Symposium on Oilfield Chemistry. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/50770-ms.

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Sy, Salmariza, Ardinal Ardinal, Sofyan Sofyan, Inda T. Anova, Hasni Munaf, Marlusi Marlusi, Tsugiyuki Masunaga, and Toshiyuki Wakatsuki. "Application of the multi soil layering (MSL) system to treat laboratory wastewater." In 4TH INTERNATIONAL SEMINAR ON CHEMISTRY. AIP Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0051838.

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Banerjee, Protik, Harshad Vijay Kulkarni, Thiba Nagaraja, Rajavel Krishnamoorthy, Suprem R. Das, and Saugata Datta. "INFLUENCE OF ORGANIC AND INORGANIC CHEMISTRY ON SOIL PHOSPHORUS MOBILIZATION." In GSA Connects 2022 meeting in Denver, Colorado. Geological Society of America, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2022am-383600.

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Hurst, Eliza, Aras Mann, Don Marlor, Evan Skeen, and J. P. Gannon. "THE USE OF SOIL CHEMISTRY, SOIL MORPHOLOGY, AND PARTICLE SIZE TO EXPLAIN STREAM WATER CHEMISTRY DIFFERENCES ACROSS A HEADWATER CATCHMENT IN THE SOUTHERN APPALACHIAN MOUNTAINS." In 67th Annual Southeastern GSA Section Meeting - 2018. Geological Society of America, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2018se-312738.

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Purwanti, Ipung Fitri, Devita Yulisa Simanjuntak, and Setyo Budi Kurniawan. "Toxicity test of aluminium to Vibrio alginolyticus as a preliminary test of contaminated soil remediation." In THE 3RD INTERNATIONAL SEMINAR ON CHEMISTRY: Green Chemistry and its Role for Sustainability. Author(s), 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5082435.

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Reports on the topic "Soil chemistry"

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Chorover, Jon, Karl T. Mueller, K. G. Karthikeyan, A. Vairavamurthy, and R. Jeff Serne. Interfacial Soil Chemistry of Radionuclides in the Unsaturated Zone. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/833610.

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Chorover, Jon, Karl T. Mueller, K. G. Karthikeyan, A. Vairavamurthy, and R. Jeff Serne. Interfacial Soil Chemistry of Radionuclides in the Unsaturated Zone. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/833612.

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Chorover, Jon, Karl T. Mueller, K. G. Karthikeyan, A. Vairavamurthy, and R. Jeff Serne. Interfacial Soil Chemistry of Radionuclides in the Unsaturated Zone. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/833614.

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Karl T. Mueller, Don Chorover, Peggy O'Day, R. Jeff Serne, Garry Crosson, Geoffrey Bowers, and Nelson Rivera. Collboration: Interfacial Soil Chemistry of Radionuclides in the Unsaturated Zone. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/896844.

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Anderson, Andrew, and Mark Yacucci. Inventory and Statistical Characterization of Inorganic Soil Constituents in Illinois. Illinois Center for Transportation, June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36501/0197-9191/21-006.

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This report presents a statistical analysis of the Regulated Substances Library (RSL) developed by the Illinois Department of Transportation. The RSL is comprised of surficial soil chemistry data obtained from rights-of-way subsurface soil sampling conducted for routine preliminary site investigations. The 3.7-million-record RSL database is compared with four independent studies of inorganic soil constituents of naturally occurring soils in Illinois. A selection of 22 inorganic soil analytes are examined in this study: Al, Sb, As, Ba, Be, Cd, Ca, Cr, Co, Cu, Fe, Pb, Mg, Mn, Hg, Ni, K, Se, Na, Tl, V, and Zn. RSL database summary statistics, mean, median, minimum, maximum, 5th percentile, and 95th percentile, are determined for Illinois counties and for recognized environmental concern, non-recognized environmental concern, and de minimis site contamination classifications. The RSL database at a 95% confidence level is compared with current and proposed thresholds for defining naturally occurring soil concentrations for the selected analytes. The revised thresholds proposed by Cahill in 2017 are predominantly larger than the current standards found in the Tiered Approach to Corrective Action Objectives rules and are in better agreement with observed distributions of soil concentrations for both naturally occurring and RSL soils. A notable exception is antimony (Sb), for which Cahill proposed a reduced threshold similar in magnitude to the median for many Illinois Department of Transportation districts.
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Moore, G. K. Inorganic soil and groundwater chemistry near Paducah Gaseous Diffusion Plant, Paducah, Kentucky. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/196453.

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Berkowitz, Jacob, Christine VanZomeren, and Nicole Fresard. Rapid formation of iron sulfides alters soil morphology and chemistry following simulated marsh restoration. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), September 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/42155.

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Many marshes show signs of degradation due to fragmentation, lack of sediment inputs, and erosion which may be exacerbated by sea level rise and increasing storm frequency/intensity. As a result, resource managers seek to restore marshes via introduction of sediment to increase elevation and stabilize the marsh platform. Recent field observations suggest the rapid formation of iron sulfide (FeS) materials following restoration in several marshes. To investigate, a laboratory microcosm study evaluated the formation of FeS following simulated restoration activities under continually inundated, simulated drought, and simulated tidal conditions. Results indicate that FeS horizon development initiated within 16 days, expanding to encompass > 30% of the soil profile after 120 days under continuously inundated and simulated tidal conditions. Continuously inundated conditions supported higher FeS content compared to other treatments. Dissolved and total Fe and S measurements suggest the movement and diffusion of chemical constituents from native marsh soil upwards into the overlying sediments, driving FeS precipitation. The study highlights the need to consider biogeochemical factors resulting in FeS formation during salt marsh restoration activities. Additional field research is required to link laboratory studies, which may represent a worst-case scenario, with in-situ conditions.
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Anderson, Andrew, and Mark Yacucci. Inventory and Statistical Characterization of Inorganic Soil Constituents in Illinois: Appendices. Illinois Center for Transportation, June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36501/0197-9191/21-007.

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This report presents detailed histograms of data from the Regulated Substances Library (RSL) developed by the Illinois Department of Transportation (IDOT). RSL data are provided for state and IDOT region, IDOT district, and county spatial subsets to examine the spatial variability and its relationship to thresholds defining natural background concentrations. The RSL is comprised of surficial soil chemistry data obtained from rights-of-way (ROW) subsurface soil sampling conducted for routine preliminary site investigations. A selection of 22 inorganic soil analytes are examined in this report: Al, Sb, As, Ba, Be, Cd, Ca, Cr, Co, Cu, Fe, Pb, Mg, Mn, Hg, Ni, K, Se, Na, Tl, V, and Zn. RSL database summary statistics, mean, median, minimum, maximum, 5th percentile, and 95th percentile, are determined for Illinois counties and for recognized environmental concern, non-recognized environmental concern, and de minimis site contamination classifications.
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Myneni, Satish, C. In-situ Evaluation of Soil Organic Molecules: Functional Group Chemistry Aggregate Structures, Metal & Surface Complexation Using Soft X-Ray. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/942132.

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Brossia. L52119 Comparative Consumption Rates of Impressed Current Cathodic Protection Anodes. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), January 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010953.

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There is a variety of impressed current anode materials available for onshore applications, including High Silicon Cast Iron (HSCI), Mixed Metal Oxides (MMO), graphite, platinum (or platinum coated titanium), and conductive polymers. Many end users simply select the anode material that they have experience with. What is lacking is a clear, direct comparison of relative anode consumption rates conducted under identical conditions. The present study examined the behavior of the various anode types under different current loads and soil conditions in an effort to establish baseline consumption rates under controlled conditions. Variables that were examined included soil resistivity, the presence of coke backfill, current load, and soil type (sand or 50/50 clay/sand mix). The consumption rates of the anodes evaluated decreased in the order of: AnodeFlex, HSCI, Graphite, Pt, and MMO. A survey of field experiences yielded a slightly different order in terms of anode life with Graphite and HSCI lasting the longest. However, given the wide range of anode sizes used in the various field sites, it is difficult to directly link the field results to the consumption rates measured in the laboratory. Soil composition and resistivity were not observed to have a significant influence on anode consumption rates. The presence of coke, however, led to a decrease in consumption for all anodes in some cases by as much as a factor of nearly 70. Utilizing anode cost estimates and neglecting installation costs, the life-cycle material costs for MMO and Pt anodes are much lower than the other anode materials. Furthermore, AnodeFlex was noted to be the highest cost system from a materials perspective. This may be slightly misleading since installation and replacement costs are not factored in. Given that the installation of AnodeFlex is often much easier and less expensive than the other anode types, this may prove to be a viable financial decision when the other factors are considered. ����������� The primary implications of the present study are: Despite higher material costs, MMO and Pt anodes may offer significant long-term cost savings as compared to other anode types for many applications Use of coke backfill is critical to ensure lower anode consumption rates for AnodeFlex, Graphite, and to a lesser extent HSCI; coke does not appear necessary for MMO or Pt Soil composition (sand vs. clay/sand mix) and resistivity do not appear to significantly influence anode consumption rates, thus consideration of the soil environment (except groundwater chemistry) is not needed in selection of an appropriate anode Because the influence of groundwater chemistry (as part of the soil environment) was not examined, the effects of sulfate, chloride, and pH will need to be evaluated in detail to better aid in anode material selection Field use survey responses showed a wide range in observed anode lifespan, with graphite and HSCI experiencing the longest life and cable anodes the shortest The field survey also revealed that a significant cause of anode failures was connector and cable problems
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