Journal articles: 'Soil biomonitoring'

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Wołejko, Elżbieta, Urszula Wydro, Joanna Irena Odziejewicz, Agata Koronkiewicz, and Agata Jabłońska-Trypuć. "Biomonitoring of Soil Contaminated with Herbicides." Water 14, no. 10 (May 11, 2022): 1534. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w14101534.

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The state of environmental pollution is of random character, and it depends on climatic conditions, landforms, development and industrialization. It is estimated that in the last decade as many pollutants have been released into the environment as in the previous 70 years, and the pollution rate still increases. Many scientific reports indicate that, in addition to metals, pesticides are the most commonly detected compounds in the environment. This situation is mainly due to the irrational use of these chemicals by humans. Mostly, soil environment changes caused by the influence of pesticides can be determined by various chemical analyses, which require the use of sophisticated and expensive equipment. However, biological methods, such as those using microbiological activity and an abundance of microorganisms, e.g., organisms responsible for the cycle of organic matter and nutrients, tend to be neglected. For this reason, the aim of the present study is not only to assess the validity of other research studies that were performed based on the available literature but to compile methods and compare them, which allows for an in depth understanding of the complexity of soil processes following herbicide application by conducting comprehensive soil biomonitoring.

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Horak, Othmar, and Wolfgang Friesl-Hanl. "Soil additives immobilising heavy metals in contaminated soils." Nova Biotechnologica et Chimica 7, no. 1 (January 13, 2022): 5–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.36547/nbc.1352.

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Addition of iron oxides, lime, clay minerals and other substances can be used to decrease the plant availability of toxic heavy metals such as Pb, Zn, and Cd. Extractability and consequently plant concentrations may be reduced in some cases by more than 50%. The assessment of remediation processes is supported by biomonitoring methods in the field with Plantago lanceolata and in the greenhouse by barley test experiments, in combination with extraction by ammonium nitrate.

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Koleva, Vanya, Teodora Koynova, Ivaila Kuleva, and Asya Dragoeva. "A simple tool to assess the effect of water-soluble soil pollutants on enzyme activity in human whole blood samples using WST-1 assay." Revista Internacional de Contaminación Ambiental 39 (February 16, 2023): 43–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.20937/rica.54549.

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Hazardous compounds accumulated in soil affect soil quality. Here we show that WST-1 can be used for evaluation of the effect of water soil extracts on enzyme activity in human whole-blood samples. Soil samples from the Shumen Plateau Nature Park (NP) and the City Park in Shumen (SCP) were studied. We observed significant differences between control and treated whole-blood samples. These results indicated that soil water extracts affected normal metabolic activity. In conclusion, the WST-1 assay can be used for biomonitoring soil quality. The presence of harmful water-soluble compounds in tested soils may pose a risk to ecosystems and human health.

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Singh, Sunidhi, Shalini Dhyani, Ramesh Janipella, Soumya Chakraborty, Paras Ranjan Pujari, V. M. Shinde, and Kripal Singh. "Biomonitoring-Supported Land Restoration to Reduce Land Degradation in Intensively Mined Areas of India." Sustainability 14, no. 20 (October 21, 2022): 13639. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su142013639.

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Land degradation due to mining is a major concern leading to massive losses of biodiversity and ecosystem services. The biomonitoring of metals in mine voids can help to keep track of ecosystem health. The present study was carried out in a large mine void that is presently used for fly ash disposal in the Angul district of Odisha, India. For the biomonitoring of the fly ash, composite soil and plant samples (non-edible as well as edible, naturally growing in and around the mine void) were collected seasonally four times between April 2018 and February 2019 from the sampling locations. We monitored the metal uptake (Al, Cd, Cr, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, Zn) and bioaccumulation to assess the bioaccumulation factor (BAF) in the collected plant samples. The Fe concentration was reported to be high in Tragia involucrate (24.82 mg/kg) and Digitaria ciliaris (24.818 mg/kg), while the soil at the study site is also rich in Fe and Al. Higher concentrations of metals in fruit trees such as Psidium guajava and other plants such as Ficus religiosa, Ipomoea batatas, Delonix regia, Digitaria ciliaris, and Cynodon dactylon were reported from nearby areas. Understanding the presence of metals should be a guiding factor for reducing land degradation. Our study stresses the need for corporate commitment to ensure regular biomonitoring and biomonitoring-supported land restoration for degraded mining areas. Sustainable land restoration supported by biomonitoring has the potential to help achieve the global goals of the UN Decade on Restoration: Land Degradation Neutrality (UNCCD) and Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 12, 13, and 15.

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Bargagli, R., D. H. Brown, and L. Nelli. "Metal biomonitoring with mosses: Procedures for correcting for soil contamination." Environmental Pollution 89, no. 2 (1995): 169–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0269-7491(94)00055-i.

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Nuguyeva, Sh, and E. Mammadov. "Research of the Content of Heavy Metals in the Atmospheric Precipitation of the Geygel, Dashkesan and Gedabek Districts of Azerbaijan." Bulletin of Science and Practice 7, no. 6 (June 15, 2021): 60–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.33619/2414-2948/67/08.

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The increasing content of heavy metals in soil and atmospheric air can lead to serious consequences in the final link of which a person is. To determine heavy metals in atmospheric deposition, the method of biomonitoring of mosses was used. Joint Institute for Nuclear Research scientists started the implementation of the mosses biomonitoring methodology in Azerbaijan 2015. In total, the concentration was determined for 44 elements. Determinations were performed using instrumental analysis of Epithermal Neutron Activation and Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy in 85 moss samples. The species of moss used in the work was Pleurosium schreberi. Based on the analysis results, the most contaminated areas are identified.

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Kováts, Nora, Katalin Hubai, Tsend-Ayush Sainnokhoi, and Gábor Teke. "Biomonitoring of polyaromatic hydrocarbon accumulation in rural gardens using lettuce plants." Journal of Soils and Sediments 21, no. 1 (October 16, 2020): 106–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11368-020-02801-1.

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Abstract Purpose Air pollution in settlements is one of the most important factors affecting human health. While urban gardening and the consumption of home-grown vegetables have become more and more popular, several studies establish the risk of consuming vegetables exposed to toxic air pollutants, especially polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). However, these studies mostly concern the risk in larger cities or in industrial areas while much less information is available in rural environments. Methods In our study, small settlements were selected for a pot accumulation study. Lettuce (Lactuca sativa) plants were exposed for a 2-month period; PAH concentrations were determined both from the vegetable samples and pot soils. Results In the lettuce samples, the concentration of total PAHs was in the range of 9.1 (Litér) and 185 μg/kg dry wt (Hajmáskér), in the soil samples in the range of 31.6 (Litér) and 595.1 μg/kg wt (Hárskút). Four ring PAHs showed the highest tendency to accumulate in the majority of soil samples. Conclusion PAH concentrations in some of the sampled villages were comparable to results reported from relatively polluted regions in the world. Source appointment revealed that biomass burning and fossil fuel usage were the major sources of PAHs in rural environment; in addition, the study highlighted how important it could be to analyze individual pollution sources.

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Shilov, Viktor V., O. L. Markova, and A. V. Kuznetsov. "BIOMONITORING OF INFLUENCE OF HARMFUL CHEMICALS ON THE BASIS OF THE MODERN BIOMARKERS. LITERATURE REVIEW." Hygiene and sanitation 98, no. 6 (October 28, 2019): 591–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.18821/0016-9900-2019-98-6-591-596.

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Health risk assessment for the general population and industrial workers is most commonly based on analysis related to the determination of harmful chemicals in environmental objects (air, water, soil, food). An increasing number of experts have recently been inclined to believe an approach to give no an idea of the total amount of chemical pollutants actually entering the human body, and another approach based on the biomonitoring procedure has been suggested. The aim of the work was to systematize current concepts about the classification of biomarkers, their toxicological and hygienic characteristics and the prospects for the practical use of laboratory research results in prevention of chemical etiology of diseases. Analytical review of national and foreign literature information concerning current terminology and classification of biological markers used in biomonitoring process to assess human body exposure degree to harmful environmental chemicals is submitted. The development and improvement of biomonitoring strategies, the range of studied specific biomarkers were revealed to be being widened, enhance the objectivity of risk assessment of the development of chemical etiology diseases caused by environmental pollution. At the present stage, the classification of biomarkers is represented by four types: exposure, effect, sensitivity, and “omics” for scientific research. According to chemical structure exposure biomarkers are divided into two groups: organic compounds and metals. It is suggested to use in Russia foreign experience in developing a biomonitoring system by the example of European Union countries and the United States, where there are national biomonitoring programs in which each country determines its priorities for choosing biomarkers based on assessment of public health risks, exposure levels in a particular region, toxicological characteristics, interpretability of findings, analytical feasibility, possibility of reducing exposure. Each biomarker is ranked according to its total weight score. Biological exposure limits developed by the Human Biomonitoring Commission of German Environment Agency are most often used in literature for assessment of biomonitoring findings. Taking into account foreign experience, introduction of biomonitoring strategies in Russia appears to be most reasonable as based on current social and hygienic monitoring system in Rospotrebnadzor (Federal Service for Surveillance over Consumers’ Rights Protection) institutions in cooperation with health care institutions of RF Health Ministry).

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Rola, Kaja, and Vítězslav Plášek. "The Utility of Ground Bryophytes in the Assessment of Soil Condition in Heavy Metal-Polluted Grasslands." Plants 11, no. 16 (August 11, 2022): 2091. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants11162091.

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Bryophytes are commonly used in biomonitoring heavy metal pollution, whereas the bioindicative value of bryophyte communities is a less known issue. The aim of the present study is to recognize the utility of the bryophyte community’s structure in the assessment of soil condition in heavy metal-polluted, dry grasslands. The study plots are examined with respect to bryophytes; vascular plants; concentrations of Zn, Pb, Cd, and As in the soil; total nitrogen and organic carbon content in the soil; and soil pH. The results show that both bryophyte species richness and composition greatly depend on soil chemical characteristics, including heavy-metal pollution levels and soil pH. Three groups of species are distinguished: (1) species sensitive to pollution growing on acidic soils, (2) nonspecific species inhabiting a wide spectrum of heavy metal-polluted sites, and (3) species preferring polluted and alkaline soils. Our study reveals a gradual replacement of the bryophyte species alongside increasing soil pollution and alkalinity. This proves that bryophytes are highly responsive to soil factors and the changes in bryophyte composition may indicate the soil condition of a certain site. Furthermore, high concentrations of heavy metals in the soil and an alkaline pH positively affect bryophyte species richness. Consequently, such sites could be considered as biodiversity hotspots for terrestrial bryophytes in post-industrial landscapes.

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Khabibullina, Aida R., Tatyana V. Vdovina, Alexander S. Sirotkin, Josef Trögl, Taťjána Brovdyová, and Pavel Kuráň. "Analysis of microbial phospholipids in processes оf biomonitoring of soil condition." PROCEEDINGS OF UNIVERSITIES APPLIED CHEMISTRY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 9, no. 1 (2019): 44–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.21285/2227-2925-2019-9-1-44-52.

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Rossetti, Simona, Bruna Matturro, Federico Aulenta, Francesco Valentino, Marco Petrangeli Papini, and Valter Tandoi. "Biomonitoring of chlorinated solvents-degrading bacteria in contaminated soil and groundwater." Journal of Biotechnology 150 (November 2010): 46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiotec.2010.08.126.

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Nam, Sun-Hwa, Jin Il Kwak, and Youn-Joo An. "Rapid In Situ Biomonitoring of Subsoil Contamination by Applying an Algae-Soaked Disc Seeding Assay." Applied Sciences 11, no. 6 (March 10, 2021): 2463. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11062463.

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Various pollutants are pervasive in soil environments due to human activities, thereby damaging soil ecosystems. In this study, extension of a previously developed algae-soaked disc seeding assay for periodic evaluation of subsoil contamination over time was described. The assay can be used in different contamination configurations of silver nanoparticles in combination with examination of cell morphology, esterase activity, oxidative stress, and membrane permeability. In addition, we periodically attempted to repeat the algae-soaked disc seeding assay every three weeks. We evaluated applicability of this algae-soaked disc seeding assay using alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii exposed to heterogeneous silver nanoparticle-contaminated soils. The results demonstrated that this assay is applicable for monitoring a change of subsoil contamination by periodic evaluation over time. The developed assay was identified as a periodically rapid in situ biomonitoring technique to measure subsoil contamination over time.

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Zarubina, A. P., T. Yu Tolpysheva, and E. V. Sorokina. "Ecotoxicological assessment of the urban environment on the example of Moscow." SOCIALNO-ECOLOGICHESKIE TECHNOLOGII, no. 2. 2018 (2018): 34–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.31862/2500-2963-2018-2-34-51.

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Using lichinoindication and biotesting on the basis of bacterial luminescence the ecological state of the air environment and soils of 14 streets 8 of the administrative districts of the city of Moscow was assessed. Lichens of 28 species are distinguished, mainly in relation to air pollution of the I and II classes of toxicophobia. The influence of specificity of chemical contamination by pollutants of the air environment on the growth of certain lichen species is discussed. A large number of identified nitrophilous lichen species indicates a specific ecology of the urban environment. Express method (30 min) of biotesting on the basis of bacterial luminescence identified the toxicity index of soil samples from the lichen collection sites. Many soil samples were toxic or very toxic. In some soil samples soil mosaic was revealed, in which samples of one soil sample had different toxicity indices. The joint use of lichinoindication and biotesting on the basis of bacterial luminescence can be useful for eliminating local pollutants and an essential link in the improvement of habitats. This indicates the expediency of practical use of these biomonitoring methods.

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Nickel, Stefan, and Winfried Schróder. "Metalleinträge in terrestrische Ökosysteme: Analyse von Daten aus Modellierung und Biomonitoring." Schweizerische Zeitschrift fur Forstwesen 168, no. 5 (May 1, 2017): 269–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.3188/szf.2017.0269.

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Metal deposition into terrestrial ecosystems: evaluating data from modelling and biomonitoring In Germany, atmospheric deposition of heavy metals derived by modelling and measurements using biological and technical samplers are used to spatially differentiate respective European data. However, a comparative analysis is still missing. Therefore, this article compares results from deposition modelling derived by LOTOS-EUROS and EMEP with data on heavy metals concentrations in leaves, needles and organic surface soil collected by intensive forest monitoring (ICP Forests Level II) and the Environmental Specimen Bank (ESB). The concentrations in leaves and needles collected during the years 2007–2011 for the specimen bank revealed clear correlations with the modelled values. They were specific for the matrices sampled and, in case of Cd concentrations in one year old spruce needles, for ecosystem types. Thereby, the correlations with LOTOS-EUROS were stronger than those with EMEP. Yet, these differences could not be proved to be significant. Most data retrieved from ICP Forests Level II monitoring showed stronger correlations with EMEP. They are lower than those calculated from specimen bank data. The advantage of IPC Forests Level II data is that it yields concentrations for different age groups of needles. Rather high correlations were found especially between LOTOS-EUROS results and Pb concentrations in two year old needles collected from pine and spruce. Additionally to leaves and needles, Forests Level II data were used to analyze heavy metal concentrations in organic soil layers. Significant correlations were computed for Cd between the modelled total deposition and respective concentrations in OH soil layers and for Pb between modelled total deposition and OL and OH soil layers. The different biomonitoring networks should be connected more tightly to enhance the spatial significance of their common data.

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Levei, Levente, Oana Cadar, Vanda Babalau-Fuss, Eniko Kovacs, Anamaria Iulia Torok, Erika Andrea Levei, and Alexandru Ozunu. "Use of Black Poplar Leaves for the Biomonitoring of Air Pollution in an Urban Agglomeration." Plants 10, no. 3 (March 14, 2021): 548. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants10030548.

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Trees are considered to be an effective tool for metal pollution biomonitoring. In the present study, the concentration of metals (Cu, Pb, Zn, Cd, Co, Ni, Fe, Mn, and Al) in black poplar leaves (Populus nigra L.), together with the concentration of PM10, PM2.5, PM1, and total suspended particles (TSP), was used for the air pollution biomonitoring in 12 sites from various areas of Cluj-Napoca city, Romania. The concentration of PM10 in the air was high, but their metal content was low. However, Cu, Pb, and Zn were moderately enriched, while Cd was highly enriched in PM10 due to anthropogenic sources. The average metal concentration in leaves decreased in the order Zn>>Fe>Mn>Al>Pb>Ni>Cu>Co>Cd and increased with the increase of PM10 concentration, indicating that poplar leaves are sensitive to air pollution. The principal component analysis indicated that traffic, waste burning, road dust resuspension, and soil contamination are the main anthropogenic sources of metals in poplar leaves. The results indicated that black poplar leaves are a suitable biomonitoring tool for metal pollution, in urban environments.

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Raya Q.A. Al-Ansi, Abdelhafeez M.A. Mohammed, Mahmoud M. Ali, Wadie Ahmed MokbelGhalib, and Sajan Chimmikuttanda Ponnappa. "Monitoring Heavy Metal Pollution at Al-Buraihi Sewage Station in Taiz, Yemen using Napier Grass (Pennisetum Purpureum Schumach) as a Bioindicator." European Journal of Engineering Science and Technology 4, no. 2 (December 20, 2021): 14–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.33422/ejest.v4i2.433.

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Soil pollution or soil contamination is an important environmental concern that causes health for both flora and fauna worldwide. The majority of pollutants have anthropogenic origins. However, some contaminants can occur naturally in soils as components of minerals and can be toxic at high concentrations. The biological materials like microorganisms, plants and animals have been studied to be used in biomonitoring of pollution. Plants are important bioindicators for heavy metals environmental pollution. Napier grass (Pennisetum purpureum Schumach), an animal fodder in Yemen, has been used in this study as a bioindicator for monitoring soil pollution around Al-Buraihi sewage station, Taiz, Yemen, using inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) technique. The concentrations of Cr and Pb were acceptable in all samples according to FAO and WHO, while those of As, Cd, Co, Cu, Fe, Mo, Ni, Se, and Zn were exceeding the limits of WHO in all plant species samples and accordingly recommended not to be used as animal fodder.

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Dunaev, Anatoly M., Igor V. Rumyantsev, Irina B. Agapova, Vladimir I. Grinevich, Konstantin N. Vergel, and Svetlana F. Gundorina. "PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL MONITORING IN CENTRAL RUSSIA: INVESTIGATION OF QUALITY OF ATMOSPHERIC AIR AND SOIL IN TERRITORY OF RODNIKI CITY." IZVESTIYA VYSSHIKH UCHEBNYKH ZAVEDENIY KHIMIYA KHIMICHESKAYA TEKHNOLOGIYA 61, no. 8 (August 21, 2018): 96. http://dx.doi.org/10.6060/ivkkt20186108.5721.

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Air and soil quality assessment at the Rodniki town, Ivanovo Region, was performed using physical chemical analysis and biomonitoring techniques: soil and snow analysis, moss biomonitoring, fluctuating asymmetry (IFA) for the silver birch (Betula pendula Roth.). Elemental content in moss, soil and snow samples was determined by neutron activation analysis (NAA) and atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS). A total of 40 elements (Na, Mg, Al, Cl, K, Ca, Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Zn, As, Se, Br, Rb, Sr, Zr, Mo, Ag, In, Sb, I, Cs, Ba, La, Ce, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Tm, Yb, Lu, Hf, Ta, W) was determined by NAA. To determine concentrations of Pb, Cd, and Cu AAS technique was used. To reveal potential sources of element-pollutants the descriptive statistics and factor analysis were applied in OriginPro 8 and SPSS 17.0 software packages for Windows. To evaluate the contribution to the metal content in moss from anthropogenic sources, enrichment factors (EF) were calculated. Distribution maps were prepared to point out areas most affected by pollution and to characterize the main deposition patterns of pollutants. To create GIS maps QGIS software was used. The complex assessment of the air and soil quality of the Rodniki town and its vicinity showed an acceptable level of the contamination. It was established that the main source of pollution is the machine-building plant situated in the north of the town. This plant causes soil contamination by Zn, As, Fe, and Co. The IFA values successfully confirm the obtained concentration data. Besides, it was established that the soil contamination has a bigger influence on IFA than atmospheric pollution. Measures for nature conservation are suggested.

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Laasli, Salah-Eddine, Fouad Mokrini, Rachid Lahlali, Tadesse Wuletaw, Timothy Paulitz, and Abdelfattah A. Dababat. "Biodiversity of Nematode Communities Associated with Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in Southern Morocco and Their Contribution as Soil Health Bioindicators." Diversity 14, no. 3 (March 7, 2022): 194. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d14030194.

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Soil nematodes are major soil organisms known to reduce wheat production worldwide. However, they are a crucial part of soil biodiversity. Due to the limited data available regarding nematode biodiversity associated with cereal crops in Morocco, a survey was conducted in 2019 across 80 wheat fields. Thirty-three nematode taxa were obtained with different trophic groups: 11 bacterivores (i.e., Rhabditis and Cephalobus spp.), 11 herbivores (i.e., Pratylenchus and Heterodera spp.), 6 fungivores (i.e., Ditylenchus and Aphelenchoides spp.), 4 omnivores (i.e., Dorylaimus and Aporcelaimus spp.) and one predator (Mononchus spp.). For each locality, the diversity of nematode communities was assessed through multiple diversity indices. Three areas (Ait Melloul, Oulad Dahou, and Sidi Boushab) were more diversified and had pronounced nematode occurrence. Moreover, few localities (e.g., Ait Amira and Lqliaa) were shown to be disturbed. Our study underlined that several nematode taxa were significantly correlated with edaphic and climatic/geographic properties. On the other hand, the spatial and parsimony analyses revealed that plant feeders were most associated with bacterial feeders in disturbed soils. This work revealed that the soil nematodes associated with wheat crops are diverse and can serve as an important tool for soil biomonitoring at a large scale.

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Yap, C. K., and Ong G. H. "Biomonitoring of Zn pollution by using Leaves, Stems and Roots of a Medicinal Plant Centella Asiatica." International Journal of Advances in Applied Sciences 3, no. 3 (September 1, 2014): 122. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijaas.v3.i3.pp122-129.

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In this study, three parts (leaves, stems and roots) of Centella asiatica and surface soils were collected from 11 geographical sampling sites in Peninsular Malaysia. Ranges of Zn concentrations (µg/g dw) in soil was 102.70-826.11 while 81.16-198.56 for leaves, 56.27-146.93 for stems and 95.72-285.00 for roots. In C. asiatica, Zn accumulation was found the highest in roots followed by leaves and stems. Correlation analysis based on Zn concentrations between the three parts of plants and soils were found to be significantly (P< 0.05) correlated (root-soil, R= 0.973; leaves-soils, R= 0.955; stem-soils, R= 0.952). For the transplantation study, three sites were selected as unpolluted (UPM), semi-polluted (Balakong) and polluted sites (Sg. Juru). Based on transplantation study under experimental field and laboratory conditions, Zn concentrations in the leaves, stems and roots of C. asiatica were significantly (P< 0.05) higher after three weeks. The Zn accumulation was the highest in Sg. Juru, followed by Balakong and UPM which were in accordance with the Zn contamination levels in the soils. Thus, these experimental findings confirmed that leaves, stems and roots can reflect the Zn levels in the soils where C. asiatica were found. After three weeks of back transplantation to clean soils, the Zn levels in the three parts were still higher than the initial Zn level even though elimination occurred. In conclusion, all the above findings indicated that the leaves, stems and roots of asiatica are good biomonitors of Zn pollution.

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Salinitro, Tassoni, Casolari, de Laurentiis, Zappi, and Melucci. "Heavy Metals Bioindication Potential of the Common Weeds Senecio vulgaris L., Polygonum aviculare L. and Poa annua L." Molecules 24, no. 15 (August 1, 2019): 2813. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules24152813.

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In recent years, heavy metals (HMs) levels in soil and vegetation have increased considerably due to traffic pollution. These pollutants can be taken up from the soil through the root system. The ability of plants to accumulate HMs into their tissues can therefore be used to monitor soil pollution. The aim of this study was to test the ruderal species Senecio vulgaris L., Polygonum aviculare L., and Poa annua L., as possible candidates for biomonitoring Cu, Zn, Cd, Cr, Ni and Pb in multiple environments. The soils analyzed in this work came from three different environments (urban, woodland, and ultramafic), and therefore deeply differed for their metal content, texture, pH, and organic matter (OM) content. All urban soils were characterized by high OM content and presence of anthropogenic metals like Pb, Zn, Cd, and Cu. Woodland soils were sandy and characterized by low metal content and low OM content, and ultramafic soils had high Ni and Cr content. This soil variability affected the bioindication properties of the three studied species, leading to the exclusion of most metals (Zn, Cu, Cr, Cd, and Pb) and one species (P. aviculare) due to the lack of linear relations between metal in soil and metal in plants. Senecio vulgaris and Poa annua, conversely, appeared to be good indicators of Ni in all the soils tested. A high linear correlation between total Ni in soil and Ni concentration in P. annua shoots (R2 = 0.78) was found and similar results were achieved for S. vulgaris (R2 = 0.88).

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Viard, B�n�dicte, Armand Maul, and Jean-Claude Pihan. "Standard use conditions of terrestrial gastropods in active biomonitoring of soil contamination." Journal of Environmental Monitoring 6, no. 2 (2004): 103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/b307484f.

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Clare, Elizabeth L., Chloe K. Economou, Chris G. Faulkes, James D. Gilbert, Frances Bennett, Rosie Drinkwater, and Joanne E. Littlefair. "eDNAir: proof of concept that animal DNA can be collected from air sampling." PeerJ 9 (March 31, 2021): e11030. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.11030.

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Environmental DNA (eDNA) is one of the fastest developing tools for species biomonitoring and ecological research. However, despite substantial interest from research, commercial and regulatory sectors, it has remained primarily a tool for aquatic systems with a small amount of work in substances such as soil, snow and rain. Here we demonstrate that eDNA can be collected from air and used to identify mammals. Our proof of concept successfully demonstrated that eDNA sampled from air contained mixed templates which reflect the species known to be present within a confined space and that this material can be accessed using existing sampling methods. We anticipate this demonstration will initiate a much larger research programme in terrestrial airDNA sampling and that this may rapidly advance biomonitoring approaches. Lastly, we outline these and potential related applications we expect to benefit from this development.

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Vambol, Sergij, Viola Vambol, Valeriy Dubnitskiy, Mykolay Kundenko, Ihor Cherepnov, and Altaf Hussain Lahori. "MATHEMATICAL MODELING OF ASSESSMENT OF THE INFLUENCE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS ON POLLUTION OF AGRICULTURAL LAND." Environmental Problems 7, no. 3 (2022): 109–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/ep2022.03.109.

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This work studies the impact of electromagnetic fields on the degradation of agricultural land. During the analysis of available sources of information, it was found that in the scientific publications by domestic authors, there is no mention of such a factor of land degradation as the action of electromagnetic fields (EMF) of man-made origin. Numerous scientific works by foreign experts present the results of experimental studies that confirm the negative impact of electromagnetic radiation (EMR) of power lines (PL) on agricultural land. The application of mathematical methods of modelling the dynamics of the distribution of the number of microorganisms or other soil components in the irradiation zone of power lines can be the basis for biomonitoring in the system of construction technologies to protect agricultural land from electromagnetic pollution. The paper presents statistical models designed to assess the impact of electromagnetic fields on pollution of agricultural land and conduct appropriate biomonitoring. The dependence of the number of fungi in the soil on the distance to the 110 kV power line at different seasons and the dynamics of the intensity of adaptation processes in the soil at different distances from the power line (PL) was constructed. The methods of regression, variance and cluster analysis were used in the development of models, and the corresponding elasticity functions were constructed. It is shown that the application of modern data processing methods allows obtaining additional information even from the already published results of work performed by various researchers.

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Calisi, A., M. G. Lionetto, E. De Lorenzis, A. Leomanni, and T. Schettino. "Metallothionein Induction in the Coelomic Fluid of the EarthwormLumbricus terrestrisfollowing Heavy Metal Exposure: A Short Report." BioMed Research International 2014 (2014): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/109386.

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Earthworms are useful bioindicator organisms for soil biomonitoring. Recently the use of pollution biomarkers in earthworms has been increasingly investigated for soil monitoring and assessment. Earthworm coelomic fluid is particularly interesting from a toxicological perspective, because it is responsible for pollutant disposition and tissue distribution to the whole organism. The aim of the present work was to study the effect of heavy metal exposure on metallothionein (Mt) induction in the coelomic fluid ofLumbricus terrestrisin view of future use as sensitive biomarker suitable for application to metal polluted soil monitoring and assessment.L. terrestriscoelomic fluid showed a detectable Mt concentration of about4.0±0.6 μg/mL (mean ± SEM,n=10) in basal physiological condition. When the animals were exposed to CuSO4or CdCl2or to a mixture of the two metals in OECD soils for 72 h, the Mt specific concentration significantly (P<0.001) increased. The Mt response in the coelomic fluid perfectly reflected the commonly used Mt response in the whole organism when the two responses were compared on the same specimens. These findings indicate the suitability of Mt determination inL. terrestriscoelomic fluid as a sensitive biomarker for application to metal polluted soil monitoring and assessment.

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Cozea, Andreea, Elena Bucur, Carol Blaziu Lehr, Luoana Florentina Pascu, and Gheorghita Tanase. "Bioindicators in Air Quality Assessment." Revista de Chimie 69, no. 11 (December 15, 2018): 3238–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.37358/rc.18.11.6721.

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The study aims to assess the identification of the specific species of plants for selection of certain plant species and utilization of selected one�s in experimental biomonitoring studies.The purpose of the proposed study was to develop and apply new techniques, methods and methodologies for air quality assessing in the context of climate change and updating of international environmental studys. The novelty of the active biomonitoring method using plants is an innovative research area for the National Research and Development Institute for Industrial Ecology in terms of the use of sentinel species. The first stage research activity was aimed to identify plant species with specific response to certain environmental pollutants, in our case, ozone. By exposing higher plants (from the Solanaceae family) to various environmental conditions, a direct impact measurement of ground-level ozone was considered - as an indicator of environmental pollution (air) - there was a significant difference relationship between soil level ozone variation and foliar necrosis.

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Kolesnikov, Sergey, Alena Timoshenko, Tatiana Minnikova, Natalia Tsepina, Kamil Kazeev, Yulia Akimenko, Alexander Zhadobin, et al. "Impact of Metal-Based Nanoparticles on Cambisol Microbial Functionality, Enzyme Activity, and Plant Growth." Plants 10, no. 10 (September 30, 2021): 2080. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants10102080.

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An increase in the penetration of metal-based nanoparticles (NPs) into the environment requires an assessment of their ecotoxicity as they impair the critical activity of plants, animals, bacteria, and enzymes. Therefore, the study aimed to observe the effects of metal-based NPs, including copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), and zinc (Zn), on the Cambisols, which cover a significant part of the earth’s soil and play an important role in the biosphere. Metal-based NPs were introduced into the soil at concentrations of 100, 1000, and 10,000 mg/kg. The biological properties of the soil are being investigated as the most sensitive to external contamination. The highest ecotoxicity of the studied pollutants introduced into the soil at the same concentrations was shown by Cu (up to 34%) and Zn (up to 30%) NPs, while Ni NPs showed less (up to 22%). Microbiological (total number of bacteria, Azotobacter sp. abundance) and phytotoxic properties (radish seed germination and length of roots) of Cambisols were more sensitive (22–53%) to pollution by NPs of Cu, Zn, and Ni, while enzymatic activity (catalase and dehydrogenases) showed less sensitivity (14–32%). The present results could be useful for biomonitoring the state of contaminated soils, especially by NPs.

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van Gestel, Cornelis A. M., Susana Loureiro, and Promoz Zidar. "Terrestrial isopods as model organisms in soil ecotoxicology: a review." ZooKeys 801 (December 3, 2018): 127–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.801.21970.

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Isopods play an important role in the decomposition of leaf litter and therefore are making a significant contribution to nutrient cycling and soil ecosystem services. As a consequence, isopods are relevant models in soil ecotoxicology, both in laboratory toxicity tests and in field monitoring and bioindication studies. This paper aims at reviewing the use of isopods as test organisms in soil ecotoxicology. It provides an overview of the use of isopods in laboratory toxicity tests, with special focus on comparing different exposure methods, test durations, and ecotoxicological endpoints. A brief overview of toxicity data suggests that chemicals are more toxic to isopods when exposed through soil compared to food. The potential of isopods to be used in bioindication and biomonitoring is discussed. Based on the overview of toxicity data and test methods, recommendations are given for the use of isopods in standardized laboratory toxicity tests as well as in situ monitoring studies.

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Kolesnikov, Sergey, Tatiana Minnikova, Natalya Tsepina, Natalya Evstegneeva, and Alena Timoshenko. "Assessment of the Ecotoxicity of Ag, Bi, Te and Tl According to the Biological Indicators of Haplic Chernozem." Applied Sciences 12, no. 24 (December 14, 2022): 12854. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app122412854.

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Soil contamination with such rare heavy metals as silver (Ag), bismuth (Bi), tellurium (Te), and thallium (Tl) leads to disruption of its agricultural and ecological functions. Each of these rare heavy metals has a different level of soil toxicity, which affects the ecological state of the soil and its recovery degree estimated by biological indicators. The work objective is to assess the ecotoxicity of oxides and nitrates of silver, bismuth, tellurium, and thallium by biological indicators of Haplic Chernozem. Under the conditions of a laboratory simulation experiment, silver, bismuth, tellurium, and thallium were introduced into the samples of soil. The ecological state of the soil for each incubation period was assessed by the activity of soil enzymes (catalase and dehydrogenases), the intensity of seed development in polluted soil (the length of shoots and roots of winter wheat), and microbiological indicators (the total number of bacteria and Azotobacter sp. abundance). For 90 days, when contaminated with oxides of silver, bismuth, tellurium, and thallium, the most sensitive biological indicator was the length of wheat roots; when contaminated with nitrates, the total number of bacteria was the most sensitive biological indicator. The most informative biological indicator for contamination with both chemical forms of rare elements (silver, bismuth, tellurium, and thallium) was the Azotobacter sp. abundance. The most ecotoxic elements among those studied were thallium and tellurium, both in the form of oxides and nitrates. The results of the study may be useful for biomonitoring and diagnostics of the state of soils contaminated with silver, bismuth, tellurium, and thallium.

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Khalilzade, Vusala Javanshir, Konul Khudadat Bayram, and Chinara Ziyafat Bagirova. "ASSESSMENT OF URBAN SOIL POLLUTION BY BIOMONITORING METHODS (BY THE EXAMPLE OF SUMGAYIT CITY)." Bulletin of the Moscow State Regional University (Geographical Environment and Living Systems), no. 3 (2020): 142–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.18384/2712-7621-2020-3-142-153.

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Lee, K. Y., M. K. Yang, Y. Y. Yoon, S. K. Shim, S. Y. Cho, B. K. Seo, Y. S. Chung, and J. H. Lee. "Biomonitoring of environmental pollution based on studies of trace elements in soil and crops." Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry 259, no. 1 (2004): 69–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/b:jrnc.0000015808.53338.cd.

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Lyudmila I. Zayinitdinova, Rokhila N. Juraeva, Ikolay A. Lazutin, Aziza M. Mavjudova, Nigora K. Bekmukhamedova, and Rustambek B. Ergashev. "Microbiocenosis of Anthropogenically Transformed Soils." Proceedings of the Pakistan Academy of Sciences: B. Life and Environmental Sciences 59, no. 4 (December 21, 2022): 15–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.53560/ppasb(59-4)722.

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A microbiological examination of the soils, polluted with different types of urban wastewater (Tashkent city), aiming determination of the microbial diversity and characterization of the bacterial community was carried out. The examination was conducted with use of classical microbiological methods with cultivation of samples on elective nutrient media. The soil sampling was carried out during winter season and period of plants’ vegetation. As result of examination the qualitative and quantitative characteristics of the bacterial community were determined and the microbial diversity was established. The predominant microorganisms of this community, capable to active functioning at chloride concentrations of the environment for up to 10 % and possessing high remediation potential towards biological and chemical pollutants, have been isolated. Rare strains belonging to the genus Amycolatopsis, which, in contrast to typical representatives of this genus, have the ability to form a water-soluble blue pigment, have been isolated. It was established that typical representatives of microbial biota, such as heterotrophic microorganisms Bacillus, Pseudomonas and actinomycetes, possess significant remediation potential towards biological and chemical pollution. It was determined that pollution of the soil caused by anthropogenic factors at the end of the day leads to decrease in species diversity and changes in composition of the soil microbiocenosis. The results obtained convincingly testify perspectives of biomonitoring and possible use of microorganisms in the processes of soil rehabilitation. The introduction of pollutant-resistant microorganisms, which are capable to degrade them, may become a practical approach for soil cleansing in the future.

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Kheirallah, Dalia Abdel Moneim, Lamia Mostafa El-Samad, El Hassan Mostafa Mokhamer, Karolin Kamel Abdul-Aziz, and Noura Abdel Haleem Toto. "DNA damage and oogenesis anomalies in Pimelia latreillei (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) induced by heavy metals soil pollution." Toxicology and Industrial Health 35, no. 11-12 (November 2019): 688–702. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0748233719893200.

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The present study used Pimelia latreillei as a biomonitoring insect for heavy metals soil pollution in a populated industrial area at Zawya Abd El-Qader, Alexandria, Egypt. Comet assay and histological analysis were applied to evaluate the potential risk of heavy metals. X-ray analysis of the soil samples collected from the polluted site revealed significantly increased metal percentages compared with the reference site. Moreover, a significant increase in metal percentages was detected by the X-ray analysis in insect ovaries collected from the polluted site. The Tail DNA length was significantly greater in the insects collected from the polluted site—47.6% compared with 11.4% at the reference site. Pronounced disruptions in oogenesis were observed through histological and ultrastructure investigations in insects collected from the polluted site. The study summarized the potential utility of insect biomonitors in predicting the effect of heavy metals soil pollution on occupational health.

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Sagunski, Helmut, Hermann Neus, Inga Ollroge, and Andreas D. Kappos. "Public Health Needs for Exposure Assessment and its Realization in Germany." International Journal of Toxicology 16, no. 4-5 (July 1997): 363–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/109158197227017.

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In 1995, the Committee for Environmental Hygiene of the German State Ministers of Health released a report entitled “Exposure Assessment Standards.” To respond to public needs of communicating potential environmental health risks, the report is divided into two parts. The methodological chapter addresses several key issues in the field of exposure assessment, such as variability and uncertainty of environmental and human data, the effects of typical versus worst-case scenarios and of point estimates versus probabilistic density functions, and the hidden safety of cumulative models. Based on these prerequisites and limitations, the report describes the underlying studies from which recommendations for exposure factors are derived. Regarding soil contamination, regulatory consequences remain questionable. Because assumptions about soil intake by children are still based on very limited data and even the source (house dust or soil) is not well defined, the basis for regulatory efforts is unsatisfactory. Whenever feasible, human biomonitoring should be used to validate exposure assessment.

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Dash, Sudhakar, Kamal K. Panda, and Brahma B. Panda. "Biomonitoring of low levels of mercurial derivatives in water and soil by Allium micronucleus assay." Mutation Research/Environmental Mutagenesis and Related Subjects 203, no. 1 (February 1988): 11–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0165-1161(88)90003-9.

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Entwistle, Jane, Lindsay Bramwell, Joanna Wragg, Mark Cave, Elliott Hamilton, Amanda Gardner, and John R. Dean. "Investigating the Geochemical Controls on Pb Bioaccessibility in Urban Agricultural Soils to Inform Sustainable Site Management." Geosciences 10, no. 10 (October 5, 2020): 398. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/geosciences10100398.

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The solid-phase speciation of contaminants in soil plays a major role in regulating both the environmental mobility of contaminants and their bioavailability in biological receptors such as humans. With the increasing prevalence of urban agriculture, in tandem with growing evidence of the negative health impacts of even low levels of exposure to Pb, there is a pressing need to provide regulators with a relevant evidence base on which to build human health risk assessments and construct sustainable site management plans. We detail how the solid-phase fractionation of Pb from selected urban agricultural soil samples, using sequential extraction, can be utilised to interpret the bioaccessible fraction of Pb and ultimately inform sustainable site management plans. Our sequential extraction data shows that the Pb in our urban soils is primarily associated with Al oxide phases, with the second most important phase associated with either Fe oxyhydroxide or crystalline FeO, and only to a limited extent with Ca carbonates. We interpret the co-presence of a P component with the Al oxide cluster to indicate the soils contain Pb phosphate type minerals, such as plumbogummite (PbAl3(PO4)2(OH)5·H2O), as a consequence of natural “soil aging” processes. The presence of Pb phosphates, in conjunction with our biomonitoring data, which indicates the lack of elevated blood Pb levels in our gardeners compared to their non-gardening neighbours, suggests the (legacy) Pb in these soils has been rendered relatively immobile. This study has given confidence to the local authority regulators, and the gardeners, that these urban gardens can be safe to use, even where soil Pb levels are up to ten times above the UK’s recommended lead screening level. The advice to our urban gardeners, based on our findings, is to carry on gardening but follow recommended good land management and hygiene practices.

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Brázová, T., P. Kováčik, M. Matoušková, and M. Oros. "Nematodes as soil stress indicators for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons: A review." Helminthologia 59, no. 2 (June 1, 2022): 117–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/helm-2022-0014.

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Summary Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are an important group of organic pollutants present in all parts of the environment, affecting ecosystems and human health. PAHs, which have a strong affinity for organic carbon, are found in large quantities in soil, which is one of the most important sinks for these contaminants. Their impact on the soil biotic compartments depends on a number of different factors in combination with PAH behaviour and can be assessed using soil monitoring. Soil fauna have already shown excellent properties for biomonitoring of contaminants with most promising indicator frameworks based on nematodes, which are involved in essential processes in this environment. Nematodes respond to PAHs at multiple levels, including molecular, individual and community levels. At the molecular level, this is associated with activation of metabolic pathways for xenobiotics and increased demand for energy and resources. At the individual level, this is reflected in the slowing down of various physiological processes, which has consequences at the individual and community level for sensitive taxa. In this review, the toxicity and the direct and indirect effects of PAHs on soil nematode communities are discussed. It also considers the perspectives and challenges in assessing the toxicity of PAHs and their indication using soil nematodes.

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Woś, Bartłomiej, Piotr Gruba, Jarosław Socha, and Marcin Pietrzykowski. "Biomonitoring of Mercury Contamination in Poland Based on Its Concentration in Scots Pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) Foliage." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 19 (October 1, 2021): 10366. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph181910366.

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This work evaluates current mercury (Hg) contamination in Poland, represented by the Hg concentrations in Scots pine foliage. Samples were collected over 295 investigation plots in monitoring grids throughout Poland, from pines aged between 12 and 147 years. Analyses were conducted with consideration of bioclimatic factors and soil properties. Concentrations in the pine foliage did not exceed the values characteristic of an ecosystem unaffected by industrial pollution, ranging from 0.0032 to 0.0252 mg kg−1 dry mass. However, pine stands located in western and central Poland, and in the northwest near the Baltic Sea, exhibited higher Hg concentrations in foliage than in eastern regions. Hg content in foliage depends on the mean temperature of the driest quarter, as well as on Hg content in soils. This indicates that the periods of drought observed in recent years in Poland may affect Hg concentrations in pine foliage.

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Mendeleva, Valentina Pavlovna, and Irina Vladimirovna Volkova. "Prospects for using wild plants of Astrakhan region in phytotesting and phytoremediation of oil-saline soils." Oil and gas technologies and environmental safety 2023, no. 1 (February 28, 2023): 80–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.24143/1812-9498-2023-1-80-84.

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The article highlights the problem of saline soils of the Astrakhan region which are contaminated with heavy metals due to oil spills. It has been found that the most promising plants in phytotesting and soil restoration are halophyte communities: Asteraceae, Poaceae, Chenopodiaceae, Fabaceae, Cyperaceae, Ranunculaceae, Brassicaceae, Lamiaceae, Apiaceae, Caryophyllaceae, Polygonaceae, Scrophulariaceae, Liliaceae, Rosaceae, Rubiaceae. Most of the families are typical for the flora of the Astrakhan region. The largest number of halophyte species is found in the Asteraceae family (15.10%). Halophytes are widespread in the Astrakhan region. Species of wormwood (Artemisia L.) are found on the soils with varying salinity. This fact allows to use them in environmental monitoring and to assess the content of heavy metals in saline soils. Accumulation of chromium, iron, copper, cadmium and zinc in the organs of Artemisia species in the Astrakhan region is considered. It has been stated that Artemisia is very important as a group of heavy metal accumulator plants. Artemisia species can be used in phytoremediation of contaminated saline soils, where these metals come with oil products. Besides, the wide distribution, resistance to high temperatures, and high xerophilicity make it possible to consider Artemisia species as objects for biomonitoring for assessing the degree of soil contamination with heavy metals with varying degrees of salinity. Artemisia species are widely represented in the Astrakhan region. A secondary effect of using some types of halophytes is their direct participation in combatting land desertification.

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Prasetia, Hendra, Masayuki Sakakibara, Koichiro Sera, and Jamie Stuart Laird. "Evaluation of the Total Mercury Weight Exposure Distribution Using Tree Bark Analysis in an Artisanal and Small-Scale Gold Mining Area, North Gorontalo Regency, Gorontalo Province, Indonesia." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 1 (December 21, 2021): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19010033.

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It is well known that atmospheric mercury (Hg) contaminates air, water, soil, and living organisms, including trees. Therefore, tree bark can be used for the environmental assessment of atmospheric contamination because it absorbs heavy metals. This study aimed to establish a new biomonitoring for the assessment of atmospheric Hg pollution. Reporting on atmospheric Hg contamination in an artisanal and small-scale gold mining (ASGM) area in North Gorontalo, Indonesia, we calculated the total weight of Hg (THg) and quantitatively measured the concentrations of Hg in the tree bark of Mangifera indica, Syzygium aromaticum, Terminalia catappa, and Lansium domesticum. The THg of Hg in the M. indica tree bark samples ranged from not detected (ND) to 74.6 μg dry weight (DW) per sample. The total Hg in the tree bark of S. aromaticum, T. catappa, and L. domesticum ranged from ND to 156.8, ND to 180, and ND to 63.4 μg DW, respectively. We concluded that topography significantly influences the accumulation of Hg together with local weather conditions. A mapped distribution of the THg suggested that the distribution of THg in the tree bark was not affected by the distance to the amalgamation site. Therefore, tree bark can be used as biomonitoring of atmospheric Hg contamination for the assessment of ASGM areas.

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MADEJ, GRAŻYNA, and MONIKA KOZUB. "Possibilities of using soil microarthropods, with emphasis on mites (Arachnida, Acari, Mesostigmata), in assessment of successional stages in a reclaimed coal mine dump (Pszów, S Poland)." Biological Letters 51, no. 1 (June 1, 2014): 19–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/biolet-2015-0003.

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AbstractThe usefulness of 2 methods for biomonitoring of the effects of land rehabilitation were compared in Pszów (Upper Silesian Coal Basin, south of Poland). Thirty-one species of mesostigmatid mites were collected from 3 study plots representing different stages of restoration of the mine dump Wrzosy in Pszów and community structure of the mites was analysed. There was a general trend for mesostigmatid species richness, diversity, and density to increase with the development of vegetation. The dominant early successional mesostigmatid species was the phoreticHypoapis claviger. During this study, 4616 specimens of soil microarthropods were extracted in total. They were classified according to the Biological Soil Quality Index (QBS). We tested the sensitivity and usefulness of this index for monitoring of soil quality and found its good relationship with successional stages in the reclaimed mine dump. Thus the QBS index seems to be an efficient index for monitoring the effects of restoration in mine dumps. It is a simpler, quicker, and cheaper bioindicator method than the earlier method based on community structure analysis of mesostigmatid mites.

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Dołhańczuk-Śródka, Agnieszka, Zbigniew Ziembik, Jan Kříž, Lidmila Hyšplerova, and Maria Wacławek. "Pb-210 Isotope as a Pollutant Emission Indicator / Izotop Pb-210 Jako Znacznik Emisji Zanieczyszczeń." Ecological Chemistry and Engineering S 22, no. 1 (March 1, 2015): 73–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/eces-2015-0004.

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Abstract Passive biomonitoring using 210Pb was used in the paper to evaluate pollutant deposition. Well-developed epiphytic foliose lichens Hypogymnia physodes growing on spruce branches were used in the studies. The samples of mosses Pleurozium schreberi and soil (raw humus) were collected from the area around the tree from which the samples of lichens were collected. The studies have shown that it is possible to identify dust emission sources using a radioactive lead isotope (210Pb). The highest activity of 210Pb was observed in areas with increased deposition of other pollutants, such as Ni, Cd, Cu and Pb, which may indicate that 210Pb is one of the emission components

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Soba, David, Angie L. Gámez, Naroa Úriz, Lorena Ruiz de Larrinaga, Carmen Gonzalez-Murua, José María Becerril, Raquel Esteban, Dolors Serret, José Luis Araus, and Iker Aranjuelo. "Foliar heavy metals and stable isotope (δ13C, δ15N) profiles as reliable urban pollution biomonitoring tools." Urban Forestry & Urban Greening 57 (January 2021): 126918. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ufug.2020.126918.

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Modina, M. A., E. V. Khekert, A. A. Voskanian, Yu V. Pismenskaia, A. I. Epikhin, and VV Shkoda. "Bioindication and biomonitoring assessment of the state of atmospheric air and soil in the study area." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 867, no. 1 (October 1, 2021): 012072. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/867/1/012072.

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Prodana, M., A. C. Bastos, A. Amaro, D. Cardoso, R. Morgado, A. L. Machado, F. G. A. Verheijen, J. J. Keizer, and S. Loureiro. "Biomonitoring tools for biochar and biochar-compost amended soil under viticulture: Looking at exposure and effects." Applied Soil Ecology 137 (May 2019): 120–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2019.01.007.

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Świsłowski, Paweł, and Małgorzata Rajfur. "Mushrooms as Biomonitors of Heavy Metals Contamination in Forest Areas." Ecological Chemistry and Engineering S 25, no. 4 (December 1, 2018): 557–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/eces-2018-0037.

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Abstract The aim of the research was to assess the level of contamination with heavy metals (manganese, iron, nickel, copper, zinc, cadmium and lead) in two forest areas selected in different places in Poland: the first one in the Swietokrzyskie Province (forests of the Staporkow Forest Division) and the second one in the Opolskie Province (forests of the Kup Forest Division). The degree of contamination of these forest areas with analytes was found using edible large-fruited mushrooms naturally occurring there - the research was carried out using passive biomonitoring method. Heavy metals in mushrooms (separately in stems and hats) as well as in soil samples were determined by atomic absorption spectrometry with excitation in flame (F-AAS). The obtained results were interpreted by assessing the degree of contamination of forest areas on the basis of concentrations of heavy metals in mushrooms. The obtained results indicate an increased accumulation of heavy metals in hats than in mushrooms stems. On the basis of the obtained data, significant contamination of forest areas with selected heavy metals was also found. This is confirmed by the possibility of using mushrooms as biomonitors in passive biomonitoring of forest areas, which are heavy metal accumulators. In the interpretation of the test results, the phytocumuling factor (PF) was also used. The degree of accumulation of heavy metals, from given forest areas - from soil to mushrooms - was assessed on the basis of determined PF coefficients. In addition, good bioavailability of the analysed analytes by mushrooms was found. Additionally, on the basis of the conducted studies, the possibility of mushroom consumption was assessed - they are not suitable for consumption due to the fact that the permissible concentration standards of heavy metals contained in mushrooms were exceeded.

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Казбанова, Ирина, and Irina Kazbanova. "Biomonitoring of Chemical Pollution of Coppice Oak Forests on The Green Area of Voronezh Using Oak Gallflies." Forestry Engineering Journal 7, no. 3 (November 1, 2017): 99–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/article_59c224593d4ce7.43510348.

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The article is devoted to the monitoring of chemical pollution of coppice oak forests in the green area of Voronezh on the basis of use of oak gallflies as biomonitors. Object of research – the coppice oak forests of green zones along the major highways that are why they are continuously exposed to the entire complex of polluting chemicals in the environment – air and soil, atmospheric precipitation. For conservation and development, as well as the normal functioning and management of forest ecosystems it is extremely important to constantly know the current status of natural objects and parameters, polluting factors. The article investigates chemical pollution of coppice oak forests in the green area of the city of Voronezh from positions of optimized monitoring. Previously, it was found that the most potent source of chemical pollution of coppice oak forests is vehicles, which pollute the environment with combustion products of carbon, but the most important are heavy metals, since the higher plants are recognized as reservoirs for heavy metals contained in the air and soil. Biomonitoring of chemical contamination of vegetation along roads can be effective with higher plants. We investigated the possibility and feasibility of biomonitoring of chemical contamination in coppice oak forests with the help of gallflies, living on oak. We suppose that oak gallflies are promising biomonitor because they have several advantages: a lot of gallflies very sensitive to chemical air pollution and plant hosts, they are sensitive indicator of changes in environmental conditions, which is primarily manifested in the intensity and nature of galeopsifolia processes. Cecidia of gallflies are accessible to observation, they are relatively easily diagnosed in relation to the species; focusing on them, and it is easier to replace changes in the environment than to track those changes directly on the vegetation cover or in geophysical environments.

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Likus-Cieślik, Justyna, and Marcin Pietrzykowski. "Sulfur Contamination and Environmental Effects: A Case Study of Current SO2 Industrial Emission by Biomonitoring and Regional Post-mining hot-spots." Open Biotechnology Journal 15, no. 1 (April 28, 2021): 82–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874070702115010082.

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The presence of sulfur in the environment is an important macroelement for plant growth but becomes harmful in excessive amounts. The previous century saw rising levels of high SO2 concentrations (stemming from fossil fuel combustion) and wet deposition from acid rain, causing the intensification of forest die-back. Air pollution can be controlled or measured by biomonitoring. Despite recent reductions in SO2 emissions, urban and industrial areas are still at risk from high sulfur contamination. Open-cast lignite and sulfur borehole mining play a pivotal role in the regional scale of ecosystem contamination and acid mine drainage. Consequently, these aspects are unique for assessing the impact of extreme S contamination on soil properties changes, the vegetation effect, and biogeochemical cycles. We presented i) current SO2 pollution based on S concentration in pine needles, and ii) a comprehensive study of soil properties, as well as plant reactions to excessive sulfur concentration in the restored forest ecosystem of a former sulfur mine.

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Sieklicki, Jéssica, Nilton Cesar Pires Bione, Paulo Costa de Oliveira-Filho, Viviane Fernandes de Souza, and Kelly Geronazzo Martins. "Relationships between land use and water quality obtained for the evaluation of genotoxic effects in plant bioindicators." Ambiente e Agua - An Interdisciplinary Journal of Applied Science 14, no. 2 (March 19, 2019): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.4136/ambi-agua.2299.

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Anthropic activities as well as land use and occupation are closely linked to water and soil quality. An alternative to assess their influence on water quality in water bodies is through biomonitoring using Allium cepa as a bioindicator organism. This technique allows the detection of cytogenetic abnormalities in Allium cepa root meristematic cells after contact with analyzed water samples. Thus, we evaluated the genotoxic potential of water samples from the Rio das Antas (Antas River) along the urban perimeter of the city of Irati, Paraná, Brazil. With the aid of GeoEye Satellite high-resolution fused orbital images, we searched for possible relationships between the use and occupation of land around this river. Biomonitoring was performed at three different sampling points. Statistical equality between the negative control and Point 1 and between Points 2 and 3 was obtained using Fisher's test and a Principal Coordinate Analysis (PCoA). The former presented a low frequency of abnormalities chromosomes and the latter presented larger averages. In addition, Point 1 had strong influence of tree vegetation. Points 2 and 3, demonstrated a strong influence of urbanized area, with significant degradation of permanent preservation areas (áreas de preservação permanente – (APP). The results showed remarkable anthropogenic interference to the ecosystem. Furthermore, this indicates importance of an APP watercourses functioning to preserve the quality of the water resources.

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Aničić Urošević, Mira, Gordana Vuković, Petar Jovanović, Milorad Vujičić, Aneta Sabovljević, Marko Sabovljević, and Milica Tomašević. "Urban background of air pollution: Evaluation through moss bag biomonitoring of trace elements in Botanical garden." Urban Forestry & Urban Greening 25 (July 2017): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ufug.2017.04.016.

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Armah, Frederick Ato, Reginald Quansah, and Isaac Luginaah. "A Systematic Review of Heavy Metals of Anthropogenic Origin in Environmental Media and Biota in the Context of Gold Mining in Ghana." International Scholarly Research Notices 2014 (November 9, 2014): 1–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/252148.

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Heavy metal accumulation in the food chain is an issue of global concern because it eventually leads to toxic effects on humans through the water we drink, contaminated soils, crops, and animals. Reports of toxicant levels in environmental media (air, water, and soil) and biota in Ghana were sought in SCOPUS, PubMed, MEDLINE, and EMBASE. Of 1004 bibliographic records identified, 54 studies were included in evidence synthesis. A disproportionately large number of papers (about 80%) focused exclusively on environmental media. Papers focusing on biomonitoring and human health were relatively few. Studies reported a high degree of spatial variability for the concentrations of 8 metals in groundwater. Generally, heavy metal concentrations in soil reported by the studies reviewed were higher than metal concentrations in riverine sediments. Urine and hair were the most common biological markers of heavy metal exposure used by the studies reviewed unlike nails, which were sparingly used. By and large, published results on the levels of heavy metals in goldmine and non-mine workers yielded contradictory results. Mostly, concentrations of heavy metals reported by the studies reviewed for nails were higher than for hair. A high degree of variability in the heavy metal concentrations in human subjects in the studies reviewed is likely due to heterogeneity in physiological states, excretion profiles, and body burdens of individuals. These, in turn, may be a product of genetic polymorphisms influencing detoxification efficiency.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Soil biomonitoring'

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