Journal articles on the topic 'Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) Model'
To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) Model.
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) Model.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Hashem, Ahmed A., Bernard A. Engel, Gary W. Marek, Jerry E. Moorhead, Dennis C. Flanagan, Mohamed Rashad, Sherif Radwan, Vincent F. Bralts, and Prasanna H. Gowda. "Evaluation of SWAT Soil Water Estimation Accuracy Using Data from Indiana, Colorado, and Texas." Transactions of the ASABE 63, no. 6 (2020): 1827–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/trans.13910.
Full textAbstract:
HighlightsSWAT soil water assessment was performed using soil water measurements.Dryland SWAT model soil water content was greater than the irrigated SWAT model.Using SWAT soil water estimates for real-time (daily) irrigation management purposes with the existing SWAT soil water subroutines and available soils data is considered risky.The surface layer showed the greatest soil water variability compared to deeper layers.Abstract. Soil water content (SWC) is a challenging measurement at the field, watershed, and regional scales. Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) soil water estimates were evaluated at three locations: the St. Joseph River watershed (SJRW) in northeast Indiana, the USDA-ARS Conservation and Production Research Laboratory (CPRL) at Bushland, Texas, and the USDA-ARS Limited Irrigation Research Farm (LIFR) at Greeley, Colorado. The soil water estimates were evaluated under two scenarios: (1) for the defined soil profile, and (2) by individual layer. Each site’s soil water assessment was performed based on the existing management conditions during each experiment, whether dryland or irrigated, and for various periods depending on SWC measurement availability at each site. The SWAT soil water was evaluated as follows: the Indiana site was evaluated under dryland conditions using daily soil water observations for one year; the Texas site was evaluated for a ten-year period under irrigated and dryland conditions using weekly soil water observations from four lysimeters; and the Colorado site was evaluated under irrigated conditions for a four-year period. The simulated soil water was evaluated by comparing the model simulations with observed daily and weekly soil water measurements at the three sites. Based on the results, even though all the SWAT models were considered to perform as good models following calibration (streamflow, ET, etc.), the soil water simulations were unacceptable for the defined soil profile and for individual layers at the three sites. Deeper soil layers had observations greater than field capacity values, indicating poor soil parameterization. The dryland model had greater water content than the irrigated model, contradicting the soil water measurements. This greater soil water simulation with the dryland model is a result of SWAT model uncertainties with ET reduction under dryland conditions due to water stress. This study indicated that soil water estimation using the default SWAT soil water equations has many sources of uncertainties. Two apparent sources resulted in the SWAT model’s poor performance: (1) SWAT soil water routines that do not fully represent soil water moving between layers to meet plant demand and (2) uncertainty in soil parameterization. Keywords: Hydrologic modeling, Soil moisture, Soil moisture sensor, Soil water, Soil and Water Assessment Tool.
2
Hashem, Ahmed A., Bernard A. Engel, Gary W. Marek, Jerry E. Moorhead, Dennis C. Flanagan, Mohamed Rashad, Sherif Radwan, Vincent F. Bralts, and Prasanna H. Gowda. "Evaluation of SWAT Soil Water Estimation Accuracy Using Data from Indiana, Colorado, and Texas." Transactions of the ASABE 63, no. 6 (2020): 1827–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/trans13910.
Full textAbstract:
HighlightsSWAT soil water assessment was performed using soil water measurements.Dryland SWAT model soil water content was greater than the irrigated SWAT model.Using SWAT soil water estimates for real-time (daily) irrigation management purposes with the existing SWAT soil water subroutines and available soils data is considered risky.The surface layer showed the greatest soil water variability compared to deeper layers.Abstract. Soil water content (SWC) is a challenging measurement at the field, watershed, and regional scales. Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) soil water estimates were evaluated at three locations: the St. Joseph River watershed (SJRW) in northeast Indiana, the USDA-ARS Conservation and Production Research Laboratory (CPRL) at Bushland, Texas, and the USDA-ARS Limited Irrigation Research Farm (LIFR) at Greeley, Colorado. The soil water estimates were evaluated under two scenarios: (1) for the defined soil profile, and (2) by individual layer. Each site’s soil water assessment was performed based on the existing management conditions during each experiment, whether dryland or irrigated, and for various periods depending on SWC measurement availability at each site. The SWAT soil water was evaluated as follows: the Indiana site was evaluated under dryland conditions using daily soil water observations for one year; the Texas site was evaluated for a ten-year period under irrigated and dryland conditions using weekly soil water observations from four lysimeters; and the Colorado site was evaluated under irrigated conditions for a four-year period. The simulated soil water was evaluated by comparing the model simulations with observed daily and weekly soil water measurements at the three sites. Based on the results, even though all the SWAT models were considered to perform as good models following calibration (streamflow, ET, etc.), the soil water simulations were unacceptable for the defined soil profile and for individual layers at the three sites. Deeper soil layers had observations greater than field capacity values, indicating poor soil parameterization. The dryland model had greater water content than the irrigated model, contradicting the soil water measurements. This greater soil water simulation with the dryland model is a result of SWAT model uncertainties with ET reduction under dryland conditions due to water stress. This study indicated that soil water estimation using the default SWAT soil water equations has many sources of uncertainties. Two apparent sources resulted in the SWAT model’s poor performance: (1) SWAT soil water routines that do not fully represent soil water moving between layers to meet plant demand and (2) uncertainty in soil parameterization. Keywords: Hydrologic modeling, Soil moisture, Soil moisture sensor, Soil water, Soil and Water Assessment Tool.
3
Haruna, Shehu Usman, Aliyu Kasim Abba, and Rabi'u Aminu. "STREAMFLOW SIMULATION: COMPARISON BETWEEN SOIL WATER ASSESSMENT TOOL AND ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK MODELS." FUDMA JOURNAL OF SCIENCES 5, no. 2 (July 10, 2021): 173–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.33003/fjs-2021-0502-638.
Full textAbstract:
The present study compared the performance of two different models for streamflow simulation namely: Soil Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) and the Artificial Neural Network (ANN). During the calibration periods, the Nash-Sutcliff (NS) and Coefficient of Determination (R2) for SWAT was 0.74 and 0.81 respectively, whereas for ANN, it was 0.99 and 0.85 respectively. The ANN performs better during the validation period as the result revealed with NS and R2 having 0.98 and 0.89 respectively, while for the SWAT model it was 0.71 and 0.74 respectively. Based on the recommended comparison of graphical and statistical evaluation performances of both models, the ANN model performed better in estimating peak flow events than the SWAT model in the Upper Betwa Basin. Furthermore, the rigorous time required and expertise for calibration of the SWAT is much less as compared with the ANN. Moreover, the results obtained from both models demonstrate the performances of the
4
Wang, Yinping, Rengui Jiang, Jiancang Xie, Yong Zhao, Dongfei Yan, and Siyu Yang. "Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) Model: A Systemic Review." Journal of Coastal Research 93, sp1 (September 23, 2019): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.2112/si93-004.1.
Full text
5
Ikhwali, M. Faisi, Nanda Savira Ersa, Alfin Khairi, Wisnu Prayogo, and Wesli Wesli. "DEVELOPMENT OF SOIL & WATER ASSESSMENT TOOL APPLICATION IN KRUENG ACEH WATERSHED REVIEW." TERAS JURNAL 12, no. 1 (April 2, 2022): 191. http://dx.doi.org/10.29103/tj.v12i1.703.
Full textAbstract:
<p align="center"><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p class="11daftarpustaka"> </p><p class="11daftarpustaka">The problem of the water availability has become a global issue so that it needs a tool for water management such as the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT). This study aims to measure how far the uses and developments of the SWAT model in the Krueng Aceh watershed. This paper reviewed applications of SWAT Model in Krueng Aceh Watershed. The developments data were obtained from five publications. This study has limitations in assessing the performance of the SWAT developed in the Krueng Aceh watershed/sub-watershed because not all publications report on the calibration or validation process. From the search results, there is one modeling application that performs the calibration process with statistical parameters on a daily scale and the other three papers on monthly data. The availability of observation data has not had a long time series makes researchers face limitations in improving the model performances.</p><p class="11daftarpustaka"> </p><p class="11daftarpustaka">Keywords: <em>SWAT, Hydrological Model, Water, Soil</em></p><p class="11daftarpustaka"> </p><p class="11daftarpustaka"> </p><p align="center"><strong>Abstrak</strong></p><p class="11daftarpustaka"> </p><p class="11daftarpustaka">Masalah ketersediaan air telah menjadi isu global sehingga diperlukan suatu alat untuk pengelolaan air seperti <em>Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT).</em> Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengukur sejauh mana pemanfaatan dan perkembangan model SWAT di DAS Krueng Aceh. Artikel ini mengulas penerapan Model SWAT di DAS Krueng Aceh. Data perkembangan diperoleh dari lima publikasi mengenai Model SWAT. Kajian ini memiliki keterbatasan dalam menilai kinerja SWAT yang dikembangkan di DAS/sub-DAS Krueng Aceh karena tidak semua publikasi melaporkan proses kalibrasi atau validasi. Dari hasil pencarian, terdapat satu aplikasi pemodelan yang melakukan proses kalibrasi dengan parameter statistik pada skala harian dan tiga aplikasi lainnya pada data bulanan. Ketersediaan data lapangan yang belum memiliki data time series yang panjang membuat peneliti menghadapi keterbatasan dalam meningkatkan perfoma model.</p><p class="11daftarpustaka"> </p><p class="11daftarpustaka">Kata Kunci: <em>SWAT, Model Hidrologi, Air, Tanah</em><em></em></p>
6
van Griensven, A., L. Breuer, M. Di Luzio, V. Vandenberghe, P. Goethals, T. Meixner, J. Arnold, and R. Srinivasan. "Environmental and ecological hydroinformatics to support the implementation of the European Water Framework Directive for river basin management." Journal of Hydroinformatics 8, no. 4 (December 1, 2006): 239–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/hydro.2006.010.
Full textAbstract:
Research and development in hydroinfomatics can play an important role in environmental impact assessment by integrating physically-based models, data-driven models and other Information and Communication Tools (ICT). An illustration is given in this paper describing the developments around the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) to support the implementation of the EU Water Framework Directive. SWAT operates on the river basin scale and includes processes for the assessment of complex diffuse pollution; it is open-source software, which allows for site-specific modifications to the source and easy linkage to other hydroinformatics tools. A crucial step in the world-wide applicability of SWAT was the integration of the model into a GIS environment, allowing for a quick model set-up using digital information on terrain elevation, land use and management, soil properties and weather conditions. Model analysis tools can be integrated with SWAT to assist in the tedious tasks of model calibration, parameter optimisation, sensitivity and uncertainty analysis and allows better understanding of the model before addressing scientific and societal questions. Finally, further linkage of SWAT to ecological assessment tools, Land Use prediction tools and tools for Optimal Experimental Design shows that SWAT can play an important role in multi-disciplinary eco-environmental impact assessment studies.
7
K. R. Douglas-Mankin, R. Srinivasan, and J. G. Arnold. "Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) Model: Current Developments and Applications." Transactions of the ASABE 53, no. 5 (2010): 1423–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.34915.
Full text
8
J.P.O, Obiero, Marenya M.O, and Nkuna T. R. "HYDROLOGIC RESPONSE MODELLING IN LUTANANDWA RIVER CATCHMENT, LIMPOPO, SOUTH AFRICA, USING SOIL WATER ASSESSMENT TOOL (SWAT) MODEL." Journal of Engineering in Agriculture and the Environment 5, no. 1 (March 2, 2020): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.37017/jeae.v5i1.40.
Full textAbstract:
Flow simulation is important in planning and design of engineering hydraulic structures. The purpose of this study is to predict flow in the Lutanandwa river catchment in the Luvuvhu river basin, Limpopo, South Africa. The input data needed for SWAT model set up included Digital Elevation Model (DEM), hydro meteorological data, land cover and soils data acquired from various institutions in South Africa. The DEM was processed from contours in the Department of Hydrology and Water Resources, University of Venda. Meteorological data was acquired from the South African Weather Service (SAWS). Observed daily stream flow data was obtained from the Department of Water Affairs and Sanitation. Land cover data was acquired from processed satellite imagery obtained from the department of Environmental Affairs and ground truthing carried out to verify the land cover information. Soils information was obtained from the Agricultural Research Council – Institute of Soil, Climate, and Water (ARC-ISCW). The soils data was obtained in the form of geo referenced land type map. Based on assessment of the data status, the period 2002 to 2014 was selected for modeling. The meteorological data processed for this period was prepared in the appropriate format for model set up. Soil water characteristic calculator was used to estimate the soil properties required as input to SWAT model. The land cover types in the study area was converted to corresponding SWAT land use types. The statistical parameters required as input to the weather generator in the SWAT model was calculated using the pcpSTAT programme which was used to compute the parameters using weather information. All input data was processed and prepared in the appropriate format for model set up. The processed input data was loaded into the Geographic Information Systems (GIS) interface of the SWAT model to enable model set up for flow simulation.
9
Upadhyay, Pawan, Anna Linhoss, Chris Kelble, Steve Ashby, Naja Murphy, and Prem B. Parajuli. "Applications of the SWAT Model for Coastal Watersheds: Review and Recommendations." Journal of the ASABE 65, no. 2 (2022): 453–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/ja.14848.
Full textAbstract:
HighlightsA systematic review was performed of SWAT applications in coastal watersheds.Three percent of SWAT applications have occurred in coastal watersheds.SWAT performed better at a monthly time step versus a daily time step.Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE) was the most common metric used for evaluating simulations.More research should be conducted on coupling SWAT with hydrodynamic models in tidal systems.Abstract. The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) is a watershed to river basin scale model widely used to simulate the quality and quantity of surface water and groundwater. SWAT has been applied in a wide variety of geographical landscapes around the world. This review presents a comprehensive summary of SWAT applications for coastal watersheds. Thirty-four articles were identified as coastal applications of SWAT, which account for 3% of the total published studies using SWAT. Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE) was the most common metric used to evaluate SWAT simulations. The SWAT model calibration and validation studies in coastal watersheds reported higher NSE values for monthly flow simulation (NSE up to 0.95) than for daily flow simulation (NSE up to 0.89). Among all the studies, 34% of the reported NSE values (flow and water quality combined) were >0.75. The majority (58%) of flow values were reported daily, while the majority (81%) of water quality values were reported monthly. Only two studies combined SWAT with a hydrodynamic model to account for tide-storm surge processes. SWAT may be applied more readily and successfully to coastal watersheds if a user-friendly method is developed for coupling SWAT with hydrodynamic models to simulate the tidal influence. Keywords: Bay, Coast, Estuary, Gulf, Hydrologic model, Soil and Water Assessment Tool, Water quality model, Watershed model.
10
Feng, Qingyu, Indrajeet Chaubey, Raj Cibin, Bernard Engel, K. P. Sudheer, and Jeffrey Volenec. "Simulating Establishment Periods of Switchgrass and Miscanthus in the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT)." Transactions of the ASABE 60, no. 5 (2017): 1621–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/trans.12227.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract. The establishment periods of switchgrass and can be a time window when evapotranspiration, surface runoff generation, and sediment and nutrients losses are quite different from when the grasses become fully established, and this period may result in environmental concerns for large-scale biomass production. The current SWAT model does not simulate the establishment periods of perennial grasses. In this study, we modified the model to simulate these periods by updating the maximum annual leaf area index (LAI) instead of using a static value in the unmodified model. The improved SWAT model provided more realistic simulations of LAI values and yields comparable to observed yields from field plots during the establishment periods of the two perennial grasses. The modification made in the present study enabled the SWAT model to be more suitable for evaluating perennial biomass grass-related scenarios. Keywords: Biomass bioenergy, Establishment period, Miscanthus, SWAT, Switchgrass.
11
Nguyen, Van, Jörg Dietrich, Bhumika Uniyal, and Dang Tran. "Verification and Correction of the Hydrologic Routing in the Soil and Water Assessment Tool." Water 10, no. 10 (October 10, 2018): 1419. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w10101419.
Full textAbstract:
The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) is one of the most widely used eco-hydrological models. SWAT has been undergoing constant changes since its development. However, compartment review and testing of SWAT, especially the hydrologic routing functions, are comparably limited. In this study, the daily hydrologic routing subroutines of different SWAT versions were reviewed and tested using a well observed segment of the Weser River located in Germany. Results show several problems with the routing subroutines of SWAT. The variable storage subroutine of SWAT (Revision 664) does not transform the stream flow. Unphysical results could be obtained with the variable storage routing of SWAT (Revision 528). The Muskingum subroutine of SWAT (Revisions 664 and 528) overestimates daily channel evaporation (resulting in a bias of up to 6.3% in streamflow in our case studies) and underestimates daily transmission losses. Simulated results show that the timing and shape of flood waves, as well as the volume of low flows, could be improved with a corrected Muskingum subroutine. Based on the results of this study, we suggest that the SWAT user community review their existing SWAT models to see how the aforementioned issues will affect their methods, findings, and conclusions.
12
Ghimire, Uttam, Narayan Kumar Shrestha, Asim Biswas, Claudia Wagner-Riddle, Wanhong Yang, Shiv Prasher, Ramesh Rudra, and Prasad Daggupati. "A Review of Ongoing Advancements in Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) for Nitrous Oxide (N2o) Modeling." Atmosphere 11, no. 5 (April 29, 2020): 450. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos11050450.
Full textAbstract:
Crops can uptake only a fraction of nitrogen from nitrogenous fertilizer, while losing the remainder through volatilization, leaching, immobilization and emissions from soils. The emissions of nitrogen in the form of nitrous oxide (N2O) have a strong potency for global warming and depletion of stratospheric ozone. N2O gets released due to nitrification and denitrification processes, which are aided by different environmental, management and soil variables. In recent years, researchers have focused on understanding and simulating the N2O emission processes from agricultural farms and/or watersheds by using process-based models like Daily CENTURY (DAYCENT), Denitrification-Decomposition (DNDC) and Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT). While the former two have been predominantly used in understanding the science of N2O emission and its execution within the model structure, as visible from a multitude of research articles summarizing their strengths and limitations, the later one is relatively unexplored. The SWAT is a promising candidate for modeling N2O emission, as it includes variables and processes that are widely reported in the literature as controlling N2O fluxes from soil, including nitrification and denitrification. SWAT also includes three-dimensional lateral movement of water within the soil, like in real-world conditions, unlike the two-dimensional biogeochemical models mentioned above. This article aims to summarize the N2O emission processes, variables affecting N2O emission and recent advances in N2O emission modeling techniques in SWAT, while discussing their applications, strengths, limitations and further recommendations.
13
Kaviya, Kanagaraj, and M. Ramalingam. "Estimation of Surface Runoff Using Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT)." Applied Mechanics and Materials 622 (August 2014): 89–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.622.89.
Full textAbstract:
Geographical Information technology (GIS) is being widely used for the assessment of natural resources. This paper deals with the usage of SWAT as a modelling tool with the integration of ARCGIS for the estimation of surface runoff on a watershed basis. Spatial maps such as elevation information (SRTM data of 90M resolution), soil and land use is used to setup the model. An extensive effort will made in setting up a Indian climate database which consists of numeral climate records containing good quality data. The Soil Conservation Services (SCS) method has been used to assess the surface runoff from the watershed basin
14
VERGARA, FERNÁN, FERNANDA NODA, DENER SOUZA, GIRLENE FIGUEIREDO MACIEL, and ROBERTA OLIVEIRA. "Aplicação do Modelo Soil And Water Assesment Tool (Swat) na bacia hidrográfica do Ribeirão Taquaruçu." GOT - Journal of Geography and Spatial Planning, no. 21 (June 30, 2021): 159–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.17127/got/2021.21.007.
Full textAbstract:
The hydrological models are important tools to evaluate the hydrological behavior of watersheds, helping in the decision making. Thus, this study had the objective of evaluating the performance of the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model in the flow simulation in the Ribeirão Taquaruçu Hydrographic Basin. Flow data from two fluviometric stations were used from April 2013 to August 2015. The results of the sensitivity analysis indicated that the most influential parameters are the SOL_K (saturated hydraulic conductivity of the soil) and CN2 (curve number for the condition II). The Nash-Sutcliffe (NSE) objective functions and the determination coefficient (R2) indicated, in the calibration period, the following values: -0.05 and 0.55 (sub-basin 1); 0.51 (sub-basin 3), respectively. In the validation period, the following results were presented for NSE and R2: 0.44 and 0.54 (sub-basin 1); 0.24 and 0.29 (sub-basin 3), in that order. Considering that the object of study is responsible for a large part of the water supply of Palmas - TO and that the program was unable to simulate the minimum flows adequately, the results are considered unsatisfactory
15
Karki, Ritesh, Puneet Srivastava, and Tamie L. Veith. "Application of the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) at Field Scale: Categorizing Methods and Review of Applications." Transactions of the ASABE 63, no. 2 (2020): 513–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/trans.13545.
Full textAbstract:
HighlightsThis review study identified five different ways of setting up a SWAT model for field-scale analysis.Model setup for each field-scale modeling method and examples of application are discussed.Benefits and limitations of each method are discussed.Abstract. Although the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) has been widely used as a watershed/basin scale model, recently there has been considerable interest in applying it at the field scale, especially for evaluation of best management practices and for building stakeholder confidence. In this study, a thorough review of the literature on field-scale application of SWAT was conducted. It was determined that there is more than one way of setting up a field-scale SWAT model depending on the spatial scale of the research as well as the research question to be answered. This article provides a detailed review of the methods used for field-scale SWAT modeling along with a summary of applications. This article also discusses the limitations and advantages of each method along with future research needs. The overarching goal of this article is to provide a valuable and time-conserving resource for future researchers interested in field-scale SWAT modeling. Keywords: Arc-SWAT, Field level, Field-scale resolution, Field-scale SWAT, SWAT.
16
Zare, Mohammad, Shahid Azam, and David Sauchyn. "A Modified SWAT Model to Simulate Soil Water Content and Soil Temperature in Cold Regions: A Case Study of the South Saskatchewan River Basin in Canada." Sustainability 14, no. 17 (August 30, 2022): 10804. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su141710804.
Full textAbstract:
Soil water content (SWC) and soil temperature are important hydrologic state variables. Accurate model simulation is critical in hydrologic regimes in cold regions dominated by spring snowmelt. In this study, we developed a combined physically-based soil temperature and energy-balance rain-on-snow (ROS) module for the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model and applied it to the South Saskatchewan River Basin (SSRB). We calibrated the SWAT base (SWAT-B) model and the SWAT modified (SWAT–M) model using daily measured soil temperature and SWC by hydrological response unit (HRU) for the years 2015 to 2020. The results of sensitivity analysis using the SUFI-2 technique in SWAT-CUP indicated that eight parameters have the most significant (p < 0.5) effect on streamflow, soil moisture, and snowmelt. Statistics for the SWAT-B and SWAT-M streamflow models revealed that the new module improved the Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE) from 0.39 to 0.71 and 0.42 to 0.76 for calibration and validation, respectively. The statistics for SWAT-simulated daily SWC showed that the measured data were a better fit with SWAT-M versus the SWAT-B output. Furthermore, SWAT-B values exceeded SWAT-M output and field measurements, and thus, the range of SWAT-M results was a better fit with observations. SWAT-B tended to underestimate soil temperature in the cold season, while SWAT-M significantly improved soil temperature simulation for winter. This new SWAT module simulated freeze-thaw cycles and captured the influence of snow cover on surface soil ice-water content. Spatial analysis of SWC and soil temperature across the SSRB showed that the SWAT-M model predicted more SWC and lower soil temperature in the western part of SSRB than SWAT-B, with higher soil temperature and lower SWC in the eastern region.
17
Gitau, Margaret W., Li-Chi Chiang, Mohamed Sayeed, and Indrajeet Chaubey. "Watershed modeling using large-scale distributed computing in Condor and the Soil and Water Assessment Tool model." SIMULATION 88, no. 3 (May 16, 2011): 365–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0037549711402524.
Full textAbstract:
Models are increasingly being used to quantify the effects of best management practices (BMPs) on water quality. While these models offer the ability to study multiple BMP scenarios, and to analyze impacts of various management decisions on watershed response, associated analyses can be very computationally intensive due to a large number of runs needed to fully capture the various uncertainties in the model outputs. There is, thus, the need to develop suitable and efficient techniques to handle such comprehensive model evaluations. We demonstrate a novel approach to accomplish a large number of model runs with Condor, a distributed high-throughput computing framework for model runs with the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model. This application required more than 43,000 runs of the SWAT model to evaluate the impacts of 172 different watershed management decisions combined with weather uncertainty on water quality. The SWAT model was run in the Condor environment implemented on the TeraGrid. This framework significantly reduced the model run time from 2.5 years to 18 days and enabled us to perform comprehensive BMP analyses that may not have been possible with traditional model runs on a few desktop computers. The Condor system can be used effectively to make Monte Carlo analyses of complex watershed models requiring a large number of computational cycles.
18
Manhi, Hazim. "Estimation of Annual Runoff of Galal Badra Transboundary Watershed Using Arc Swat Model, Wasit, Eastern of Iraq." Iraqi Geological Journal 54, no. 1D (April 30, 2021): 69–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.46717/igj.54.1d.6ms-2021-04-26.
Full textAbstract:
Optimal investment of natural water resources in an area is an effective way to provide significant amounts of water that can contribute to reduce the negative impacts of climate extremism. Proper assessment of the components of any hydrological system is a priority in watersheds studying. SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool) model was used within ArcGIS, to assess the hydrological situation in general, and surface runoff in particular for Galal Badra Watershed GBW (Wasit Governorate, eastern Iraq). GBW has an area of 2,655 square kilometers (89% of which is in Iran and the rest 11% within Iraq). The data set for SWAT model running were digital elevation model, slope map, soil map, LULC map, and climatic data (precipitation, relative humidity, wind speed, solar radiation, minimum/ maximum air temperature). SWAT simulation concluded that the annual average surface runoff in GBW was 244x106 cubic meters (with an average discharge of 7.8 M3 / s), which accounts for about 25.7% of the total precipitation. This ratio can be used in preliminary forecasting of surface runoff resulting from different amounts of precipitation. The model was not calibrated due to insufficient data available to complete the calibration process. However, the results provided by the SWAT model regarding the water balance elements in the watershed, make the SWAT model an effective tool for hydrological assessments, especially in cases where the necessary data are scarce for various reasons. Also, SWAT results can be considered as a preliminary assessment, which gives an overview of the hydrological situation of the area, contributes to building an initial perception of the water system, determining the most important elements in it, and anticipating the factors most influencing it. This enables policymakers, decision-makers, and stakeholders to adopt future plans at the level of research and implementation that will develop the reality of water investment in the region under conditions of climate extremism.
19
Junaidi, Edy, and Surya Dharma Tarigan. "PENGGUNAAN MODEL HIDROLOGI SWAT (SOIL AND WATER ASSESSMENT TOOL) DALAM PENGELOLAAN DAS CISADANE." Jurnal Penelitian Hutan dan Konservasi Alam 9, no. 3 (2012): 221–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.20886/jphka.2012.9.3.221-237.
Full text
20
Utami, Widya Ulfah, Enni Dwi Wahjunie, and Suria Darma Tarigan. "Karakteristik Hidrologi dan Pengelolaannya dengan Model Hidrologi Soil and Water Assessment Tool Sub DAS Cisadane Hulu." Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia 25, no. 3 (July 29, 2020): 342–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.18343/ipi.25.3.342.
Full textAbstract:
One of the priority watersheds to be managed in Indonesia is the Cisadane watershed due to the high degradation problems. The Cisadene watershed degradation could be indicated by a high river flow during rainy season, low baseflow in dry season, and high erosion and sedimentation. One of the main problems in the Cisadane watershed is a huge landcover changes in the Cisadane Hulu watershed that causes a decrease in water absorption region and a surface runoff. The study aimed to analyze landcover changes in the Cisadane Hulu Watershed during 2013-2018 and analyze the watershed conditions based on their hydrological characteristics. Analysis of landcover changes patterns was carried out by processing spatial data using GIS software. Analysis for hydrological characteristics was conducted by using SWAT modelling (Soil and Water Assessment Tool). The results showed that there were land cover changes during 2013-2018. The most significant landcover changes in the Cisadane Hulu watershed was residential area (455.95 ha). The result simulation scenario of the model SWAT showed scenario 2 was the best scenario for the management of the Cisadane Hulu watershed. The application of Soil and Water Conservation can decrease surface runoff by 32.1% and increase lateral flow by 8.89%. Therefore, it is expected that the results of this SWAT model simulation will be taken into consideration by the local government for the optimal management of the Cisadane Hulu watershed.
Keywords: Cisadane watershed, land cover change, SWAT modelling
21
P. Tuppad, K. R. Douglas-Mankin, T. Lee, R. Srinivasan, and J. G. Arnold. "Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) Hydrologic/Water Quality Model: Extended Capability and Wider Adoption." Transactions of the ASABE 54, no. 5 (2011): 1677–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.39856.
Full text
22
Kakarndee, Isared, and Ekasit Kositsakulchai. "Comparison between SWAT and SWAT+ for simulating streamflow in a paddy-field-dominated basin, northeast Thailand." E3S Web of Conferences 187 (2020): 06002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202018706002.
Full textAbstract:
The performance of the well-known Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) and the new SWAT+ for streamflow simulation in a paddy- field-dominated basin was compared. The Lam Sioa River Basin, northeast Thailand (drainage area of 3,394 km2) was selected. The data inputs consisted of DEM, land use, soil, and climate (rainfall, temperature, sunshine hour, wind speed and humidity). The model parameters used the default values from SWAT database and daily simulation was conducted from 2005 to 2017. The division of sub-basins into “landscape units” is one of new features of SWAT+. The total number of HRUs defined from SWAT+ were higher than those from SWAT because the sub-basins derived from SWAT+ contained two landscape units (floodplain and upslope). With the default model parameters, the model performance indicators were found below the satisfactory rating. Both models simulated relatively high streamflow at the beginning of rainy season, while the observed streamflow was still not occurred. In paddy field, rainfall excess become ponding water, not surface runoff. The appropriate representation of paddy field in SWAT model should be further investigated.
23
Mustafa, Mamoon, Brad Barnhart, Meghna Babbar-Sebens, and Darren Ficklin. "Modeling Landscape Change Effects on Stream Temperature Using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool." Water 10, no. 9 (August 27, 2018): 1143. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w10091143.
Full textAbstract:
Stream temperature is one of the most important factors for regulating fish behavior and habitat. Therefore, models that seek to characterize stream temperatures, and predict their changes due to landscape and climatic changes, are extremely important. In this study, we extend a mechanistic stream temperature model within the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) by explicitly incorporating radiative flux components to more realistically account for radiative heat exchange. The extended stream temperature model is particularly useful for simulating the impacts of landscape and land use change on stream temperatures using SWAT. The extended model is tested for the Marys River, a western tributary of the Willamette River in Oregon. The results are compared with observed stream temperatures, as well as previous model estimates (without radiative components), for different spatial locations within the Marys River watershed. The results show that the radiative stream temperature model is able to simulate increased stream temperatures in agricultural sub-basins compared with forested sub-basins, reflecting observed data. However, the effect is overestimated, and more noise is generated in the radiative model due to the inclusion of highly variable radiative forcing components. The model works at a daily time step, and further research should investigate modeling at hourly timesteps to further improve the temporal resolution of the model. In addition, other watersheds should be tested to improve and validate the model in different climates, landscapes, and land use regimes.
24
Rodríguez-Blanco, M. Luz, Ricardo Arias, M. Mercedes Taboada-Castro, Jao Pedro Nunes, Jan Jacob Keizer, and M. Teresa Taboada-Castro. "Sediment Yield at Catchment Scale Using the SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool) Model." Soil Science 181, no. 7 (July 2016): 326–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/ss.0000000000000158.
Full text
25
Koycegiz, Cihangir, and Meral Buyukyildiz. "Calibration of SWAT and Two Data-Driven Models for a Data-Scarce Mountainous Headwater in Semi-Arid Konya Closed Basin." Water 11, no. 1 (January 16, 2019): 147. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w11010147.
Full textAbstract:
Hydrologic models are important tools for the successful management of water resources. In this study, a semi-distributed soil and water assessment tool (SWAT) model is used to simulate streamflow at the headwater of Çarşamba River, located at the Konya Closed Basin, Turkey. For that, first a sequential uncertainty fitting-2 (SUFI-2) algorithm is employed to calibrate the SWAT model. The SWAT model results are also compared with the results of the radial-based neural network (RBNN) and support vector machines (SVM). The SWAT model performed well at the calibration stage i.e., determination coefficient (R2) = 0.787 and Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency coefficient (NSE) = 0.779, and relatively lower values at the validation stage i.e., R2 = 0.508 and NSE = 0.502. Besides, the data-driven models were more successful than the SWAT model. Obviously, the physically-based SWAT model offers significant advantages such as performing a spatial analysis of the results, creating a streamflow model taking into account the environmental impacts. Also, we show that SWAT offers the ability to produce consistent solutions under varying scenarios whereas it requires a large number of inputs as compared to the data-driven models.
26
Steenhuis, Tammo S., Elliot M. Schneiderman, Rajith Mukundan, Linh Hoang, Mamaru Moges, and Emmet M. Owens. "Revisiting SWAT as a Saturation-Excess Runoff Model." Water 11, no. 7 (July 11, 2019): 1427. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w11071427.
Full textAbstract:
The Soil Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) is employed throughout the world to simulate watershed processes. A limitation of this model is that locations of saturation excess overland flow in hilly and mountainous regions with an impermeable layer at shallow depth cannot be simulated realistically. The objective of this research is to overcome this limitation with minor changes in the original SWAT code. The new approach is called SWAT-with-impervious-layers (SWAT-wil). Adaptations consisted of redefining the hillslope length, restricting downward percolation from the root zone, and redefining hydrologic response units (HRUs) such that they are associated with the landscape position. Finally, input parameters were chosen such that overland flow from variable saturated areas (VSAs) corresponds to the variable source interpretation of the Soil Conservation Service (SCS) curve number runoff equation. We tested the model for the Town Brook watershed in the Catskill Mountains. The results showed that the discharge calculated with SWAT-wil agreed with observed outflow and results simulated with the original SWAT and SWAT-hillslope (SWAT-HS) models that had a surface aquifer that transferred water between groups of HRUs. The locations of the periodically saturated runoff areas were predicted by SWAT-wil at the right locations. Current users can utilize the SWAT-wil approach for catchments where VSA hydrology predominates.
27
Sakhaee, Farhad. "Hydrological Simulation of Silver Creek Watershed using Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT)." Research International Journal of Energy & Environmental Sciences 02, no. 01 (2021): 001–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.37179/rijees.000006.
Full textAbstract:
Silver Creek Watershed has a basin of 1213.11 km2, located in Southern part of Illinois State (U.S.A), including highland silver lake and its east fork tributary. This research employs (Soil and Water Assessment Tool) to analyze the watershed as a function of land use parameters. Diff erent parameters have been considered in sensitivity analysis to determine the most sensitive parameters for fl ow rate calibration within diff erent hydrological response units (HRUs). Inputs parameters include precipitations and meteorological data such as solar radiation, wind speed and direction, temperature, and relative humidity. Model was calibrated with measured daily data for Troy gage station. The main objective was to simulate and calibrate the fl ow rate with SWAT model. Uncertainty analysis has been performed with SUFI-2 (Sequential Uncertainty Fitting Version-2) which is interfaced with SWAT applying iSWAT (generic coupling format program). Correlation between several stations within the domain has been calculated which showed a good range of Correlation (R2) values which means the pattern of meteorological data was evenly distributed. Finally based on the root mean of squares error (RMSE), (R2), NSE, and P-BIAS values, the accuracy of the calibration has been determined
28
Tsuchiya, Ryota, Tasuku Kato, Jaehak Jeong, and Jeffrey Arnold. "Development of SWAT-Paddy for Simulating Lowland Paddy Fields." Sustainability 10, no. 9 (September 11, 2018): 3246. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10093246.
Full textAbstract:
The recent increase in global consumption of rice has led to increased demand for sustainable water management in paddy cultivation. In this study, we propose an enhanced paddy simulation module to be introduced to Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) to evaluate the sustainability of paddy cultivation. The enhancements added to SWAT include: (1) modification of water balance calculation for impounded fields, (2) addition of an irrigation management option for paddy fields that are characterized by flood irrigation with target water depth, and (3) addition of a puddling operation that influences the water quality and infiltration rate of the top soil layer. In a case study, the enhanced model, entitled SWAT-Paddy, was applied to an agricultural watershed in Japan. The results showed that the SWAT-Paddy successfully represented paddy cultivation, water management, and discharge processes. Simulated daily discharge rates with SWAT-Paddy (R2 = 0.8) were superior to the SWAT result (R2 = 0.002). SWAT-Paddy allows the simulation of paddy management processes realistically, and thus can enhance model accuracy in paddy-dominant agricultural watersheds.
29
RAMOS, M. C., and J. A. MARTÍNEZ-CASASNOVAS. "Soil water content, runoff and soil loss prediction in a small ungauged agricultural basin in the Mediterranean region using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool." Journal of Agricultural Science 153, no. 3 (May 20, 2014): 481–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021859614000422.
Full textAbstract:
SUMMARYThe aim of the present work was to evaluate the possibilities of using sub-basin data for calibration of the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model in a small (46 ha) ungauged basin (i.e. where the water flow is not systematically measured) and its response. This small basin was located in the viticultural Anoia-Penedès region (North-east Spain), which suffers severe soil erosion. The data sources were: daily weather data from an observatory located close to the basin; a detailed soil map of Catalonia; a 5-m resolution digital elevation model (DEM); a crop/land use map derived from orthophotos taken in 2010 and an additional detailed soil survey (40 points) within the basin, which included properties such as texture, soil organic carbon, electrical conductivity, bulk density and water retention capacity at −33 and −1500 kPa. A sensitivity analysis was performed to identify and rank the sensitive parameters that affect the hydrological response and sediment yield to changes of model input parameters. A 1-year calibration and 1-year validation were carried out on the basis of soil moisture measured at 0·20-m intervals from depths of 0·10 to 0·90 m in two selected sub-basins, and data related to estimations of runoff and sediment concentrations in runoff collected in the same sub-basins. The present paper shows a methodological approach for calibrating SWAT in small ungauged basins using soil water content measurements and runoff samples collected within the basin. The SWAT satisfactorily predicted the average soil water content, runoff and soil loss for moderate intensity events recorded during the study periods. However, it was not satisfactory for high-intensity events which would require exploring the possibilities of using sub-daily information as an input model parameter.
30
Coffey, Rory, Enda Cummins, Vincent O’ Flaherty, and Martin Cormican. "Analysis of the soil and water assessment tool (SWAT) to model Cryptosporidium in surface water sources." Biosystems Engineering 106, no. 3 (July 2010): 303–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2010.04.003.
Full text
31
Du, Xinzhong, Narayan Kumar Shrestha, Darren L. Ficklin, and Junye Wang. "Incorporation of the equilibrium temperature approach in a Soil and Water Assessment Tool hydroclimatological stream temperature model." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 22, no. 4 (April 19, 2018): 2343–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-22-2343-2018.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract. Stream temperature is an important indicator for biodiversity and sustainability in aquatic ecosystems. The stream temperature model currently in the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) only considers the impact of air temperature on stream temperature, while the hydroclimatological stream temperature model developed within the SWAT model considers hydrology and the impact of air temperature in simulating the water–air heat transfer process. In this study, we modified the hydroclimatological model by including the equilibrium temperature approach to model heat transfer processes at the water–air interface, which reflects the influences of air temperature, solar radiation, wind speed and streamflow conditions on the heat transfer process. The thermal capacity of the streamflow is modeled by the variation of the stream water depth. An advantage of this equilibrium temperature model is the simple parameterization, with only two parameters added to model the heat transfer processes. The equilibrium temperature model proposed in this study is applied and tested in the Athabasca River basin (ARB) in Alberta, Canada. The model is calibrated and validated at five stations throughout different parts of the ARB, where close to monthly samplings of stream temperatures are available. The results indicate that the equilibrium temperature model proposed in this study provided better and more consistent performances for the different regions of the ARB with the values of the Nash–Sutcliffe Efficiency coefficient (NSE) greater than those of the original SWAT model and the hydroclimatological model. To test the model performance for different hydrological and environmental conditions, the equilibrium temperature model was also applied to the North Fork Tolt River Watershed in Washington, United States. The results indicate a reasonable simulation of stream temperature using the model proposed in this study, with minimum relative error values compared to the other two models. However, the NSE values were lower than those of the hydroclimatological model, indicating that more model verification needs to be done. The equilibrium temperature model uses existing SWAT meteorological data as input, can be calibrated using fewer parameters and less effort and has an overall better performance in stream temperature simulation. Thus, it can be used as an effective tool for predicting the changes in stream temperature regimes under varying hydrological and meteorological conditions. In addition, the impact of the stream temperature simulations on chemical reaction rates and concentrations was tested. The results indicate that the improved performance of the stream temperature simulation could significantly affect chemical reaction rates and the simulated concentrations, and the equilibrium temperature model could be a potential tool to model stream temperature in water quality simulations.
32
Lu and Chiang. "Assessment of Sediment Transport Functions with the Modified SWAT-Twn Model for a Taiwanese Small Mountainous Watershed." Water 11, no. 9 (August 22, 2019): 1749. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w11091749.
Full textAbstract:
In Taiwan, the steep landscape and highly vulnerable geology make it difficult to predict soil erosion and sediment transportation via variable transport conditions. In this study, we integrated the Taiwan universal soil loss equation (TUSLE) and slope stability conditions in the soil and water assessment tool (SWAT) as the SWAT-Twn model to improve sediment simulation and assess the sediment transport functions in the Chenyulan watershed, a small mountainous catchment. The results showed that the simulation of streamflow was satisfactory for calibration and validation. Before model calibration and validation for sediment, SWAT-Twn with default sediment transport method performed better in sediment simulation than the official SWAT model (version 664). The SWAT-Twn model coupled with the simplified Bagnold equation could estimate sediment export more accurately and significantly reduce the overestimated sediment yield by 65.7%, especially in highly steep areas. Furthermore, five different sediment transport methods (simplified Bagnold equation with/without routing by particle size, Kodoatie equation, Molinas and Wu equation, and Yang sand and gravel equation) were evaluated. It is suggested that modelers who conduct sediment studies in the mountainous watersheds with extreme rainfall conditions should adjust the modified universal soil loss equation (MUSLE) factors and carefully evaluate the sediment transportation equations in SWAT.
33
Zhao, Wen Ju, Wei Sun, Zong Li Li, Yan Wei Fan, Jian Shu Song, and Li Rong Wang. "A Review on SWAT Model for Stream Flow Simulation." Advanced Materials Research 726-731 (August 2013): 3792–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.726-731.3792.
Full textAbstract:
SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool) model is one of distributed hydrological model, based on spatial data offered by GIS and RS. This article mainly introduces the SWAT model principle, structure, and it is the application of stream flow simulation in China and other countries, then points out the deficiency existing in the process of model research. In order to service in water resources management work better, experts and scholars further research the rate constant and uncertainty of the simplification of the model parameters, and the combination of RS and GIS to use, and hydrological scale problems.
34
Sun, Wenchao, Xiaolei Yao, Na Cao, Zongxue Xu, and Jingshan Yu. "Integration of soil hydraulic characteristics derived from pedotransfer functions into hydrological models: evaluation of its effects on simulation uncertainty." Hydrology Research 47, no. 5 (January 27, 2016): 964–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/nh.2016.150.
Full textAbstract:
Aimed at reducing simulation uncertainty of hydrological models in data-sparse basins where soil hydraulic data are unavailable, a method of estimating soil water parameters of soil and water assessment tool (SWAT) from readily available soil information using pedotransfer functions was introduced. The method was evaluated through a case study of Jinjiang Basin, China and was performed based on comparison between two model calibrations: (1) soil parameters estimated from pedotransfer functions and other parameters obtained from calibration; and (2) all parameters derived from calibration. The generalized likelihood uncertainty estimation (GLUE) was used as a model calibration and uncertainty analysis tool. The results show that information contained in streamflow data is insufficient to derive physically reasonable soil parameter values via calibration. The proposed method can reduce simulation uncertainty, resulting from greater average performance of behavioral parameter sets identified by GLUE. Exploring the parameter space reveals that the means of estimating soil parameters has little influence on other parameters. These facts indicate the decrease in uncertainty most likely results from a more realistic description of soil water characteristics than calibration. Thus, the proposed method is superior to calibration for estimating soil parameters of SWAT model when basin data are sparse.
35
Sujarwo, Mohamad Wawan, Indarto Indarto, and Marga Mandala. "Pemodelan Erosi dan Sedimentasi di DAS Bajulmati : Aplikasi Soil dan Water Assesment Tool (SWAT)." Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan 18, no. 2 (August 31, 2020): 218–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jil.18.2.218-227.
Full textAbstract:
DAS bajulmati merupakan DAS kecil (± 173.4 km2) yang berada di wilayah timur pulau Jawa. DAS bajulmati memiliki iklim yang spesifik yaitu relatif kering dengan musim kemarau yang panjang (8-9 bulan selama setahun). Meskipun kondisi iklim yang kurang mendukung, sebagian besar masyarakat bekerja sebagai petani landang. Adanya perluasan lahan pertanian non irigasi/ladang mengakibatkan tutupan vegetasi semakin berkurang. Oleh karena itu, evaluasi DAS bajulmati diperlukan untuk mengetahui dampak perluasan lahan pertanian terhadap laju aliran dan sedimentasi dengan kondisi iklim yang cukup spesifik (kering). Salah satu model evaluasi pengelolaan DAS terhadap perubahan lahan adalah model SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool). SWAT dapat menggambarkan proses hidrologi (erosi dan sedimentasi) unit lahan. data DEM resolusi (10x10 m) sebagai masukan utama untuk proses delinasi DAS. Data tanah, tutupan lahan, dan kontur digunakan untuk menentukan unit lahan/hydrolocal response unit (HRU) DAS. Data curah hujan dan iklim (suhu, kelembaban rata-rata, intensitas matahari, kecepatan angin) diperoleh dari stasiun yang tersebar di wilayah DAS. Semua data diintegrasikan ke dalam SWAT untuk menghitung proses hidrologi, erosi dan sedimentasi. Debit yang diamati digunakan untuk mengkalibrasi keluaran debit hasil SWAT di outlet DAS. Hasil kalibrasi debit menunjukkan nilai Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiency sebesar 0,53 dan validasi sebesar 0,5 serta koefisien determinasi sebesar 0,58 dan 0,78 (memuaskan) dan model dapat digunakan untuk ilustrasi proses hidrologi dalam DAS bajulmati. Analisis tingkat erosi SWAT menunjukkan bahwa 34,46; 39,19; dan 17,83 menunjukkan tingkat erosi sangat ringan sampai kategori sedang. Oleh karena itu, DAS Bajulmati masih dalam kategori aman karena rata-rata erosi berat dan sangat berat dibawah 10%. Nilai sedimentasi tertinggi pada HRU 512 dan SubDAS 23. Wilayah tersebut merupakan wilayah perkebunan dengan tingkat kemiringan diatas 40%.
36
Sujarwo, Mohamad Wawan, Indarto Indarto, and Marga Mandala. "Pemodelan Erosi dan Sedimentasi di DAS Bajulmati : Aplikasi Soil dan Water Assesment Tool (SWAT)." Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan 18, no. 2 (June 9, 2020): 220–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jil.18.2.220-230.
Full textAbstract:
DAS bajulmati merupakan DAS kecil (± 173.4 km2) yang berada di wilayah timur pulau Jawa. DAS bajulmati memiliki iklim yang spesifik yaitu relatif kering dengan musim kemarau yang panjang (8-9 bulan selama setahun). Meskipun kondisi iklim yang kurang mendukung, sebagian besar masyarakat bekerja sebagai petani landang. Adanya perluasan lahan pertanian non irigasi/ladang mengakibatkan tutupan vegetasi semakin berkurang. Oleh karena itu, evaluasi DAS bajulmati diperlukan untuk mengetahui dampak perluasan lahan pertanian terhadap laju aliran dan sedimentasi dengan kondisi iklim yang cukup spesifik (kering). Salah satu model evaluasi pengelolaan DAS terhadap perubahan lahan adalah model SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool). SWAT dapat menggambarkan proses hidrologi (erosi dan sedimentasi) unit lahan. data DEM resolusi (10x10 m) sebagai masukan utama untuk proses delinasi DAS. Data tanah, tutupan lahan, dan kontur digunakan untuk menentukan unit lahan/hydrolocal response unit (HRU) DAS. Data curah hujan dan iklim (suhu, kelembaban rata-rata, intensitas matahari, kecepatan angin) diperoleh dari stasiun yang tersebar di wilayah DAS. Semua data diintegrasikan ke dalam SWAT untuk menghitung proses hidrologi, erosi dan sedimentasi. Debit yang diamati digunakan untuk mengkalibrasi keluaran debit hasil SWAT di outlet DAS. Hasil kalibrasi debit menunjukkan nilai Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiency sebesar 0,53 dan validasi sebesar 0,5 serta koefisien determinasi sebesar 0,58 dan 0,78 (memuaskan) dan model dapat digunakan untuk ilustrasi proses hidrologi dalam DAS bajulmati. Analisis tingkat erosi SWAT menunjukkan bahwa 34,46; 39,19; dan 17,83 menunjukkan tingkat erosi sangat ringan sampai kategori sedang. Oleh karena itu, DAS Bajulmati masih dalam kategori aman karena rata-rata erosi berat dan sangat berat dibawah 10%. Nilai sedimentasi tertinggi pada HRU 512 dan SubDAS 23. Wilayah tersebut merupakan wilayah perkebunan dengan tingkat kemiringan diatas 40%.
37
Cordeiro, Marcos R. C., Glenn Lelyk, Roland Kröbel, Getahun Legesse, Monireh Faramarzi, Mohammad Badrul Masud, and Tim McAllister. "Deriving a dataset for agriculturally relevant soils from the Soil Landscapes of Canada (SLC) database for use in Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) simulations." Earth System Science Data 10, no. 3 (September 13, 2018): 1673–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/essd-10-1673-2018.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract. The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model has been commonly used in Canada for hydrological and water quality simulations. However, preprocessing of critical data such as soils information can be laborious and time-consuming. The objective of this work was to preprocess the Soil Landscapes of Canada (SLC) database to offer a country-level soils dataset in a format ready to be used in SWAT simulations. A two-level screening process was used to identify critical information required by SWAT and to remove records with information that could not be calculated or estimated. Out of the 14 063 unique soil records in the SLC, 11 838 records with complete information were included in the dataset presented here. Important variables for SWAT simulations that are not reported in the SLC database (e.g., hydrologic soils groups (HSGs) and erodibility factor (K)) were calculated from information contained within the SLC database. These calculations, in fact, represent a major contribution to enabling the present dataset to be used for hydrological simulations in Canada using SWAT and other comparable models. Analysis of those variables indicated that 21.3 %, 24.6 %, 39.0 %, and 15.1 % of the soil records in Canada belong to HSGs 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively. This suggests that almost two-thirds of the soil records have a high (i.e., HSG 4) or relatively high (i.e., HSG 3) runoff generation potential. A spatial analysis indicated that 20.0 %, 26.8 %, 36.7 %, and 16.5 % of soil records belonged to HSG 1, HSG 2, HSG 3, and HSG 4, respectively. Erosion potential, which is inherently linked to the erodibility factor (K), was associated with runoff potential in important agricultural areas such as southern Ontario and Nova Scotia. However, contrary to initial expectations, low or moderate erosion potential was found in areas with high runoff potential, such as regions in southern Manitoba (e.g., Red River Valley) and British Columbia (e.g., Peace River watershed). This dataset will be a unique resource to a variety of research communities including hydrological, agricultural, and water quality modelers and is publicly available at https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.877298.
38
Rathjens, Hendrik, Jens Kiesel, Maria Bettina Miguez, Michael Winchell, Jeffrey G. Arnold, and Robin Sur. "Simulation of Pesticide and Metabolite Concentrations Using SWAT+ Landscape Routing and Conditional Management Applications." Water 14, no. 9 (April 20, 2022): 1332. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w14091332.
Full textAbstract:
The estimation of pesticide concentrations in surface water bodies with models is a critical component of the environmental and human health risk assessment process. The most recent version of the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT+) provides new features that are useful for pesticide exposure assessments. This research is the first SWAT+ pesticide simulation study and was conducted to evaluate SWAT+’s new features and to assess its ability to predict pesticide and metabolite concentrations. The evaluation was conducted based upon a comparison of the results from seven different model configurations with high-resolution monitoring data. The results showed that (1) SWAT+ is able to simulate the formation of degradation compounds and predict resulting concentrations in surface water, (2) an accurate representation of transport processes for pesticide exposure assessments is important, and (3) an appropriate degree of realism can be achieved with a rule-based probabilistic pesticide application schedule if information about the annual percent crop treated, a typical application rate, and a typical application window is available. The accuracy of the pesticide concentration simulations with the new features of SWAT+ in the present study demonstrates the model’s ability to provide more accurate estimates with reduced uncertainty compared to SWAT simulations.
39
Zare, Mohammad, Shahid Azam, and David Sauchyn. "Evaluation of Soil Water Content Using SWAT for Southern Saskatchewan, Canada." Water 14, no. 2 (January 15, 2022): 249. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w14020249.
Full textAbstract:
Soil water content (SWC) is one of the most important hydrologic variables; it plays a decisive role in the control of various land surface processes. We simulated SWC using a Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model in southern Saskatchewan. SWC was calibrated using measured data and Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) Level-4 for the surface (0–5 cm) SWC for hydrological response units (HRU) at daily and monthly (warm season) intervals for the years 2015 to 2020. We used the SUFI-2 technique in SWAT-CUP, and observed daily instrumented streamflow records, for calibration (1995 to 2004) and validation (2005–2010). The results reveal that the SWAT model performs well with a monthly PBIAS < 10% and Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency (NS) and R2 ≥ 0.8 for calibration and validation. The correlation coefficient between ground measurement with SMAP and SWAT products are 0.698 and 0.633, respectively. Moreover, SMAP data of surface SWC coincides well with measurements in terms of both amount and trend compared with the SWAT product. The highest r value occurred in July when the mean r value in SWAT and SMAP were 0.87 to 0.84, and then in June for r value of 0.75. In contrast, the lowest values were in April and May (0.07 and 0.04, respectively) at the beginning of the growing season in southern Saskatchewan. Furthermore, calibration in the SWAT model is based on a batch form whereby parameters are adjusted to corresponding input by modifying simulations with observations. SWAT underestimates the abrupt increase in streamflow during the snowmelt months (April and May). This study achieved the objective of developing a SWAT model that simulates SWC in a prairie watershed, and, therefore, can be used in a subsequent phase of research to estimate future soil moisture conditions under projected climate changes.
40
Qayyum, Tayyaba, and Abdul Shakoor. "Water Quality Modeling Using Soil and Water Assessment Tool: A Case Study of Rawal Watershed." Pakistan Journal of Scientific Research 2, no. 1 (June 30, 2022): 5–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.57041/pjosr.v2i1.20.
Full textAbstract:
The water quality of Rawal watershed has been highly deteriorated because of increased concentration of organic nitrogen and phosphorous coming from non-point sources causing eutrophication. The main objective of this study was to use a watershed scale model SWAT (Soil & Water Assessment Tool) as a modeling tool for predicting the impact of the Land Use change on water quality of Rawal Lake. Specific objectives were to (a)develop pollution source inventory mapping(b) quantify the pollutant load (organic nitrogen and phosphorus) with respect to Land Use change that causes eutrophication and (c) model the alternative Best Management Practices (BMP’s) and evaluate their effectiveness. In the pre field phase the collection and preprocessing of data (DEM & Landsat images (30m resolution)) was done. Land Use (2001 & 2010) classification was done using Landsat imagery in ArcGIS. For the pollution source inventory, mapping the study area was surveyed. In the post field phase the model was calibrated (2002-2006) by using the observed and simulated surface runoff data and then validated (2007-2010) .The, model’s accuracy was further verified by using R2 and Nash Sutcliffe Efficiency (NSE). SWAT simulations resulted in 392.40 % and 391.72 % increase in the quantity of organic nitrogen and phosphorus with respect to Land Use change (2001 & 2010). By the application of BMP’s such as filter strips, the average reduction in the concentration of N could be 75.155% while that of P could be 96.93%, similarly by the application of terracing the average reduction in the concentration of N could be 52.73% while that of P could be 94.18% in the selected sub basins. By the application of contouring the average reduction of 35.64% for N and 92.09% for P could be achieved. This study would provide decision maker a source of information on most feasible and cost effective BMP’s.
41
Mawasha, Tshepo Sylvester, and Wilma Britz. "Simulating change in surface runoff depth due to LULC change using soil and water assessment tool for flash floods prediction." South African Journal of Geomatics 9, no. 2 (September 7, 2022): 282–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/sajg.v9i2.19.
Full textAbstract:
Accurate documentation of land-use/land-cover (LULC) change and evaluating its hydrological impact are of great interest for catchment hydrological management. Jukskei River catchment has undergone a rapid infrastructural and residential development which had an influence on runoff depth. The objective of the study is to integrate Geographical Information System (GIS) and remote sensing (RS) techniques with Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model to quantify the spatial and temporal changes in surface runoff depth resulting from LULC change. Landsat images of 1987 MSS, 2001 TM and 2015 OLI were pre-processed and classified using a supervised classification method with maximum likelihood. Results indicated that, there was a significant increase in built-up area from 28700.4ha in 1987 LULC to 36313.6ha in 2001 and 42713.1ha in 2015 at the expense of bare surface, intact vegetation and sparsed vegetation. However, during hydrological modelling, soil, DEM and climatic data were kept constant except LULC images which were interchanged during each simulation phase. Calibrated with observed hydrological data at the catchment outlets, SWAT model was used to evaluate the effect of LULC change on surface runoff depth. The analysis of SWAT model showed increases surface runoff depth from 70.5mm in 1987 LULC to 134.2mm in 2001 and 199.3mm in 2015 LULC. The SWAT model indicated satisfactorily results based on model calibration and validation results. Therefore, this study concluded that, integration of GIS and RS techniques with SWAT model can help in formulating policy guidelines for land-use practices thereby reducing hydrological impacts associated with LULC changes.
42
Xu, Kai, Hui Qing Peng, De Ge Ji Rifu, Rui Xin Zhang, Hao Xiao, and Qian Shi. "Sediment Yield Simulation Using SWAT Model for Water Environmental Protection in an Agricultural Watershed." Applied Mechanics and Materials 713-715 (January 2015): 1894–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.713-715.1894.
Full textAbstract:
Soil erosion in a catchment has becoming a serious environmental issue for an increasing damage to the surface ecological environment. To quantitatively simulate the sediment yield, the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) was introduced in Tao River Basin. The investigation was conducted using a 8-year historical observed sediment data from 2001 to 2008. The performance evaluation shows that the simulated monthly sediment yield matched the observed data satisfactorily, with Re was less than 15%, R2 > 0.9 and Nash-suttclife (Ens)>0.8 for both calibration (2001-2004) and validation period (2005-2008) at two observed stations, indicating the validity of SWAT model for sediment yield simulation in the study area. The results of this study can be helpful for solving the soil erosion issue for water environmental protection.
43
Alemayehu, Tadesse, Ann van Griensven, Befekadu Taddesse Woldegiorgis, and Willy Bauwens. "An improved SWAT vegetation growth module and its evaluation for four tropical ecosystems." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 21, no. 9 (September 7, 2017): 4449–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-4449-2017.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract. The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) is a globally applied river basin ecohydrological model used in a wide spectrum of studies, ranging from land use change and climate change impacts studies to research for the development of the best water management practices. However, SWAT has limitations in simulating the seasonal growth cycles for trees and perennial vegetation in the tropics, where rainfall rather than temperature is the dominant plant growth controlling factor. Our goal is to improve the vegetation growth module of SWAT for simulating the vegetation variables – such as the leaf area index (LAI) – for tropical ecosystems. Therefore, we present a modified SWAT version for the tropics (SWAT-T) that uses a straightforward but robust soil moisture index (SMI) – a quotient of rainfall (P) and reference evapotranspiration (ETr) – to dynamically initiate a new growth cycle within a predefined period. Our results for the Mara Basin (Kenya/Tanzania) show that the SWAT-T-simulated LAI corresponds well with the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) LAI for evergreen forest, savanna grassland and shrubland. This indicates that the SMI is reliable for triggering a new annual growth cycle. The water balance components (evapotranspiration and streamflow) simulated by the SWAT-T exhibit a good agreement with remote-sensing-based evapotranspiration (ET-RS) and observed streamflow. The SWAT-T model, with the proposed vegetation growth module for tropical ecosystems, can be a robust tool for simulating the vegetation growth dynamics in hydrologic models in tropical regions.
44
Arnold, J. G., R. Srinivasan, T. S. Ramanarayanan, and M. DiLuzio. "Water resources of the Texas Gulf Basin." Water Science and Technology 39, no. 3 (February 1, 1999): 121–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1999.0151.
Full textAbstract:
A geographic information system (GIS) has been integrated with a distributed parameter, continuous time, nonpoint source pollution model SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool) for the management of water resources. This integration has proven to be effective and efficient for data collection and to visualize and analyze the input and output of simulation models. The SWAT-GIS system is being used to model the hydrology of eighteen major river systems in the United States (HUMUS). This paper focuses on the integration of SWAT (basin scale hydrologic model) with the Geographical Resources Analysis Support System (GRASS-GIS) and a relational database management system. The system is then applied to the Texas Gulf River basin. Input data layers (soils, land use, and elevation) were collected at a scale of 1:250,000 from various sources. Average monthly simulated and observed stream flow records from 1970-1979 are presented for the hydrologic cataloging units (HCU) defined by the United States Geological Survey (USGS) in the Texas Gulf basin. Average annual sediment yields computed from sediment rating curves are compared against simulated sediment yields from seven river basins within the Texas Gulf showing reasonable agreement.
45
Tobin, Kenneth J., and Marvin E. Bennett. "Improving SWAT Model Calibration Using Soil MERGE (SMERGE)." Water 12, no. 7 (July 18, 2020): 2039. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12072039.
Full textAbstract:
This study examined eight Great Plains moderate-sized (832 to 4892 km2) watersheds. The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) autocalibration routine SUFI-2 was executed using twenty-three model parameters, from 1995 to 2015 in each basin, to identify highly sensitive parameters (HSP). The model was then run on a year-by-year basis, generating optimal parameter values for each year (1995 to 2015). HSP were correlated against annual precipitation (Parameter-elevation Regressions on Independent Slopes Model—PRISM) and root zone soil moisture (Soil MERGE—SMERGE 2.0) anomaly data. HSP with robust correlation (r > 0.5) were used to calibrate the model on an annual basis (2016 to 2018). Results were compared against a baseline simulation, in which optimal parameters were obtained by running the model for the entire period (1992 to 2015). This approach improved performance for annual simulations generated from 2016 to 2018. SMERGE 2.0 produced more robust results compared with the PRISM product. The main virtue of this approach is that it constrains parameter space, minimizesing equifinality and promotesing modeling based on more physically realistic parameter values.
46
Alwan, Imzahim Abdulkareem, Ibtisam Karim, and Mahmood Mohamed. "Sediment predictions in Wadi Al-Naft using soil water assessment tool." MATEC Web of Conferences 162 (2018): 03008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201816203008.
Full textAbstract:
Sediment production is the amount of sediment in the unit area that is transported through the basin by water transfer over a specified period of time. The main aim of present study is to predict sediment yield of Wadi, Al-Naft watershed with 8820 Km2area, that is located in the North-East of Diyala Governorate in Iraq, using Soil-Water Assessment Tool, (SWAT) and to predict the impact of land management and the input data including the land use, soil type, and soil texture maps which are obtained from Landsat-8 satellite image. Digital Elevation Model,(DEM) with resolution (14 14) meter is used to delineate the watershed with the aid of model. Three Land-sat images were used to cover the study area which were mosaic processed and the study area masked- up from the mosaic, image. The area of study has been registries by Arc-GIS 10.2 and digitized the soil hydrologic group through assistant of Soil Plant Assistant Water Model, (SPAW) which was progressed by USDA, Agricultural, Research Service, using the data of soil textural and organic matter from Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), the available water content, saturated hydraulic conductivity, and bulk density. The results of average, sediment depth and the maximum upland sediment for simulation period (2010-2020) were predicted to be (1.7 mm), and (12.57 Mg/ha), respectively.
47
Sales, João Marcos de Jesus, Antenor de Oliveira Aguiar Netto, and Clayton Moura de Carvalho. "Hydrological modeling of hydrographic basin in the northeast semiarid region of Brazil." Research, Society and Development 11, no. 3 (March 4, 2022): e48711326735. http://dx.doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v11i3.26735.
Full textAbstract:
The use of hydrological models allows to understand, evaluate and anticipate events of natural or man-made origin in a simpler and more economical way for the quantity and quality of resources in a hydrographic basin. The present work aims to perform a hydrological modeling in the hydrographic basin in the semiarid, using the SWAT model, to verify the influence of the use and exploitation of water production on the land. For this, the SWAT hydrological model (Soil Water Assessment Tool) was used. A study area located in the Jacaré Curitiba Basin, in Poço Redondo-SE, a semi-arid region of the state, inserted in the Caatinga biome and in the lower São Francisco. The adopted methodology was used for bibliographic survey, field work, hydrological monitoring, chemical and physical medicine of soil and soil, survey of land use and exploration, calibration and validation of hydrological model. The SWAT model successfully simulated or hydrographed the flow for the period from Nov/2015 to Jul/2018, duly calibrated and validated. As simulations of different land use scenarios, the greatest production of water in agricultural areas stands out, which can cause greater generation of sediments. The calibrated and validated SWAT model means a possibility for future studies in non-semiarid watersheds and then contributes to studies on water and soil management.
48
Martins, Letícia Lopes, Wander Araújo Martins, Jener Fernando Leite De Moraes, Mário José Pedro Júnior, and Isabella Clerici De Maria. "Calibração hidrológica do modelo SWAT em bacia hidrográfica caracterizada pela expansão do cultivo da cana-de-açúcar." Revista Brasileira de Geografia Física 13, no. 2 (April 7, 2020): 576. http://dx.doi.org/10.26848/rbgf.v13.2.p576-594.
Full textAbstract:
A dificuldade na gestão de recursos hídricos aliada à dinâmica do uso e ocupação do solo em bacias hidrográficas agrícolas são fatores relevantes para a conservação da água e solo. A gestão de bacias hidrográficas, bem como o monitoramento de cenários de expansão agrícola e mudança no uso do solo, podem se beneficiar de ferramentas de modelagem hidrossedimentológica, como o SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool). Entretanto, para que os resultados obtidos sejam confiáveis, os modelos precisam ser calibrados. Objetivou-se, neste trabalho, calibrar e validar o modelo SWAT, para a variável vazão, tendo como base a bacia hidrográfica do Ribeirão do Pinhal, Limeira -São Paulo, que se caracteriza pela expansão da cana-de-açúcar sobre áreas citrícolas. Dados de vazão de um posto fluviométrico localizado no exutório da bacia foram utilizados para a calibração e validação, a partir de séries temporais diferentes. Utilizou-se o software QSWAT para a simulação hidrológica e o SWAT-CUP para a calibração e validação do modelo. O modelo foi calibrado e validado resultando nos seguintes índices estatísticos NSE=0,64; PBIAS=15,2 e RSR=0,60 para calibração e NSE=0,68 PBIAS=-2,8 e RSR=0,56 para a validação. O ajuste de parâmetros do SWAT (USLE_P, USLE_C, CN2) e do calendário de operações da cana-de-açúcar em acordo com a situação real da bacia foi necessário para a calibração do modelo. Os resultados indicam que o modelo SWAT subestima as vazões extremas, no entanto, dentro de faixa aceitável. O SWAT, após a calibração, pode ser utilizado na gestão de recursos hídricos na bacia do Ribeirão do Pinhal.Hydrological calibration of the SWAT model in a watershed characterized by the expansion of sugarcane cultivationA B S T R A C TThe difficulty in water resources management combined with the dynamics of land use and occupation in agricultural watersheds are relevant factors for water and soil conservation. River basin management, as well as monitoring scenarios of agricultural expansion and land-use change, can benefit from hydrossedimentological modeling tools such as the SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool). However, for the results to be reliable, the models must be calibrated. The objective of this study was to calibrate and validate the SWAT model for the flow variable, based on the Ribeirão do Pinhal watershed, Limeira-São Paulo, which is characterized by the expansion of sugarcane over citrus areas. Flow data from a fluviometric station located in the basin's outfall were used for calibration and validation from different time series. QSWAT software was used for hydrological simulation and SWAT-CUP for model calibration and validation. The model was calibrated and validated resulting in the following statistical indices NSE = 0.64; PBIAS = 15.2 and RSR = 0.60 for calibration and NSE = 0.68 PBIAS = -2.8 and RSR = 0.56 for validation. Adjustment of SWAT parameters (USLE_P, USLE_C, and CN2) and the sugarcane operation schedule according to the actual basin situation was necessary for model calibration. The results indicate that the SWAT model underestimates the extreme flow rates, however, within an acceptable range. After calibration, the SWAT can be used to manage water resources in the Ribeirão do Pinhal basin.Keywords: Hydrologic simulation; land use; flow rate.
49
Nguyen, Trang Thi Thuy, and Khoi Nguyen Dao. "Modelling the hydrology and water quality of 3S river system (Sekong, Sesan and Srepok)." Science and Technology Development Journal 19, no. 2 (June 30, 2016): 107–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.32508/stdj.v19i2.808.
Full textAbstract:
The objective of this study was to simulate the hydrologic characteristic and water quality of 3S rivers system (Sekong, Sesan and Srepok) using SWAT model (Soil and Water Analysis Tool). Agriculture and forest are the main land use types in this basin accounting for more than 80 % of the total area. Therfore, nitrogen and phosphorus were selected to be parameters for water quality assessment. SWAT-CUP model was applied to calibrate the model for stream flow and water quality based on SUFI-2 (Sequential Uncertainty Fitting version 2) method. The model performance has been assessed by three statistical indices, including coefficient corellation (R2), Nash-Sutcliffe efficient coefficience (NSE) and percentage Bias (PBIAS). The results showed that SWAT model was well calibrated for simulating the streamflow and water quality with the values of R2 greater than 0.5 except for the Attapeu and Kontum stations, and of PBIAS less than 10 % and 35 % for streamflow and water quality, respectively. The well-calibrated SWAT model can be applied in predicting the hydrology and water quality for other application. Furthermore, it is a tool supporting the policy makers to offer a suitable decisions regarding the sustainable river basin management.
50
Elmalki, Meysara, Fouad Mounir, Abdellah Ichen, Taoufiq Qaini, Thami Khai, and Mohammed Aarab. "Measuring land losses caused by water erosion using the SWAT model in the Ourika watershed in the High Atlas of Morocco." E3S Web of Conferences 234 (2021): 00083. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202123400083.
Full textAbstract:
In Morocco, the phenomena of water erosion cause significant economic losses mainly linked to the silting up of dams, the degradation of equipment and socio-economic infrastructures, the loss of soil productivity and the insecurity of the population. The SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool) model was used to estimate the quantities of sediments generated by the various erosive processes at the level of the Ourika watershed. The SWAT modeling, which is done with daily time steps, used as basic data; a Digital Elevation Model GDEM-ASTER (Global Digital Elevation-Advanced Space borne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer) with 30 m of resolution, a land cover map developed from the Landsat 8 OLI (Operational Land Imager) satellite image of 2017 with 30 m of resolution and a soil map published by FAO (Harmonized World Soil Database). Also, daily meteorological data from the Tensift Water Basin Agency over a period from 1992 to 2001 were used. The results obtained showed that soil losses due to water erosion in the Ourika watershed reached an average of 9.18 t.ha-1.year-1. The model was calibrated and validated using the SWAT-CUP (SWAT Calibration and Uncertainty Procedures) software SUFI-2 (Sequential Uncertainty Fitting) and after several simulations and iterations a determination coefficient R2 of 0.76 was obtained.