Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Soi et Autre'
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Julou, Ronan. "L' Autre en soi : Intériorisation de l'altérité et métamorphose identitaire chez les Jebero d'Amazonie péruvienne." Paris, EHESS, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006EHES0225.
Full textThe Jebero, who stand for the ancient paragon of "Christian Indians" and, during the colonial era, would become the spearhead of christianising in Upper Amazonia, are claiming today, and after a long spell of "invisibility", their Amerindian origins. In order to understand better the suddenness of such processes the author focuses on a prior phenomenon which, among the Jebero, is regarded as the spur of the process underway, that is to say the incorporation of behavourial patterns once deemed to belong to otherness. The internalised presence of the Other, at the origin of a metamorphosis perceived as final, has implied a revolution in the criteria wich used to define the notion of identity. Passing from a dynamic always dependant on contingency and in wich identity has constantly to confirm its reality in its relation with the other, the Jebero today see their native dimension as the result of an alliance with some form of ancestral culture wich has become an ally to be defended in case of need, and to be rescued in case of abduction
Pasquier, Daniel. "Evaluation de la personnalité à l'aide des questionnaires auto-descriptifs : approche critique du postulat de la stabilité de l'image de soi : pour une autre utilisation et une autre lecture du modèle des cinq facteurs." Rouen, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007ROUEL584.
Full textThe psychologist use self-reported questionnaires based on the five factors model, FFM. This a-theoretical model, supposed to describe in an exhaustive way the personality using five orthogonal bipolar factors, would be stable in time and social space by the fact of the genetic origin of the differences. After a review we show that the structure of FFM does not answer the criterion of orthogonality, nor of stability because of its sensitivity to the contexts of making. Experiments confirm that additional information with the instruction of a Q-sort image of oneself make it possible to direct the choices in the direction induced by this information, with a personnologic share of 10% of the variance. Beyond variability, we emphasizes the existence of transverse scripts ordering the items in implicatives sequences. We finishe by elaboration of a model dynamic which takes into account the social regard of oneself, the management of impression and the emotional vulnerability state/trait
Martinek, Claudia. "Les identités de genre dans la littérature camerounaise et française contemporaine : Images du "Soi", images de l'"Autre"." Cergy-Pontoise, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004CERG0226.
Full textAlmost half a century after the official decolonization of the largest part of Africa, the number of representations of Africa and Africans is increasing in Europe today. Along with other forms of representation, African literature is becoming more and more popular among European readers. What are the reasons for this renewal of interest? This thesis investigates the literary images of Africans which are transmitted via contemporary African literature: How do the characters presented by African writers relate to the European “Self” as it is depicted in contemporary European literature? From a European point of view, is the “Other” really so different? Focusing on gender identities presented by Cameroonian and French novelists, our analysis shows that the images of the “Self” and of the “Other” overlap in gender-related issues. Moreover, all characters suffer from a painful discontent and engage in actual quests in order to fight it. In a progressively “globalized” world, French readers seem to recognize some of their own preoccupations in Cameroonian literature, which is a possible explanation for the increasing success of African literature in Europe today. The novels analyzed are: Philomène M. Bassek, La tache de sang (1990) ; Calixthe Beyala, Tu t'appelleras Tanga (1988), Maman a un amant (1993) ; Yodi Karone, À la recherche du cannibale amour (1988) ; Evelyne Mpoudi Ngolle, Sous la cendre le feu (1990) ; Patrice Nganang, La promesse des fleurs (1997) ; Simon Njami, African Gigolo (1989) ; Frédéric Beigbeder, Vacances dans le coma (1994) ; Marie Darrieussecq, Truismes (1996) ; Virginie Despentes, Baise-moi (1994), Les Jolies Choses (1998) ; Michel Houellebecq, Plateforme (2001)
Usai, Antonella. "Être soi-même et un autre dans une langue étrangère. Giorgio de Chirico et Alberto Savinio, l'expérience linguistique et identitaire entre France et Italie." Thesis, Paris 3, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA030072.
Full textThe entire history of Italian literature shows author after author who, for differing reasons, felt the need to turn to the French language for the artistic expression of their works. My work herein aims in particular to analyse the experience and the work between the two languages of the de Chirico brothers, in order to discover the way in which their relationship with the French language and culture influenced and determined their literary works. The justification of my choice of authors to be studied are the actual works of the de Chirico brothers which have revealed them-selves to be a vast field of research for the intertextual problems of the bilingual phenomenon; this is confirmed by the considerable volume of their poetic and literary works [especially to create Hebdomeros – de Chirico – and Vita di Mercurio – Savinio - ]. Equally as important is the collaboration of the de Chirico bothers with Papini’s magazine «La Vraie Italie», which has allowed us to observe not only another aspect of their bilingual writing but also the evolution of their relationship with Italy and with France which is tied to the problem of identity. Their constant relationship with France which manifests itself through the alternation of writing in Italian and French is, in fact, a clear sign of an identity which has its’ roots above all in the cultural complexity of their atypical education. Once the problem of “I, biographer” has been overcome, their works try to re-establish an “I, universal” which, in order to express itself, requires a plurality of languages
Panayotova, Boriana. "L'image de "soi" et de l'"autre" : les Bulgares et leurs pays voisins dans les manuels bulgares d'histoire nationale (1878-1944)." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/28531.
Full textBen, akkez Imed. "Etudes théorique et expérimentale des performances des dispositifs FD SOI sub 32 nm." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00870329.
Full textOrdynski, Rémi. "Montaigne et les traditions de consolation, « pour moy, ou pour un autre »." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 3, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023PA030055.
Full textRecent research has opened the way to a better understanding of ancient consolatory traditions and the forms of their revival during the Renaissance. This dissertation aims at studying how they may have influenced Montaigne’s writings from the edition of works by La Boétie (1571-1572) to the publication of the Essais in 1595. This legacy does not only involve the reading and re-writing of ancient texts, it also establishes a dialogue with some practices that were contemporary to the author, whether they be social, philosophical or literary. The essay on consolatory traditions displays a critical analysis of these practices but also a shifting and protean experience and it singles itself out as a real assessment of these procedures. While constantly referring to the consolatory thesaurus, Montaigne also devotes himself to bending and altering these traditions which he questions without dismissing them altogether. A rhetorical analysis based on the treatises on letters (Erasm, Fabri), poetry (Scaliger) or speeches (Vossius, Keckermann) reveals the actual use, up to the last chapters and on the Bordeaux Copy, of a type of parenesis that irony alone cannot invalidate. This mode of expression connects an "I" and a "You" that do not correspond exactly to the author and the reader. In this in-between area, we can find the search for an autonomy and a singularity in the way of expressing oneself and experiencing life, a process that can only become meaningful if it calls upon and appeals to the other
Taguchi, Aki. "Recherche de l'autre et conquête de soi le "Voyage en Orient" de Nerval." Paris 4, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA040330.
Full textThe present thesis examines the process of literary construction of the Orient of Gérard de Nerval, seen as a meeting place with the other and a stage of self-conquest. Gérard de Nerval wrote, rewrote, and reworked many times the texts that became later the Voyage en Orient. Originally published as a series of articles from 1840 to 1850, partially published as a separate volume in 1848, when the Voyage en Orient appeared in full in 1851, it was a new work. Nerval invents travel-fiction : more than ten years had passed between the real journeys, made in 1839-1840 and in 1842-1843, and the publication of the Voyage en Orient, first as a series of articles, then as a separate volume. The main part of the present thesis starts with the first publications and goes until the Voyage en Orient proper, to which Nerval, after having published an intermediate version of Scènes de la vie orientale, gave a new and subtly unclassifiable form of the travel tale. The thesis is divided into two parts, which correspond to the geography of the narrated journey. The Occidental part, from Paris via Switzerland and Austria (Vienna) to Greece (the islands), serves as an introduction to the Oriental part, from Egypt (Cairo) through Lebanon (Beirut) until Turkey (Constantinople). The thesis aims at demonstrating that, and how, Nerval's subsequent literary work took root in the long development of the Voyage en Orient
Chang, Sungjae. "Caractérisation, mécanismes et applications mémoire des transistors avancés sur SOI." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00951428.
Full textBorjon, Florence. "Flexibilité cognitive et résolution de problèmes : au-delà des aspects développementaux, confronter son point de vue à un autre." Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSE2057/document.
Full textSolving a problem easily, that is to say finding a fast and effective procedure leading to a solution, requires considering the situation from several points of view in order to choose the most appropriate one. However, this also requires being able to switch point of view when faced with a standstill ̶ which can be interpreted as an expression of cognitive flexibility. An adaptation of Luchins’ water jar experiment was presented to 486 school children from French CM1 and CM2 classes (England: Year 5 and Year 6), with the aim of observing their capacity to put cognitive flexibility into practice. Then, following a draw, several tests and levels were presented to 100 children from the group throughout two individual meetings. Indeed, the aim of this study is demonstrating that, for children who are at the stage of concrete operations, cognitive flexibility, which enables them to elaborate various cognitive strategies and question their initial point of view, is linked both to their operational development level and to their ability to take into account a point of view which differs from theirs, in association with their decentration abilities and the presence of a theory of mind. Furthermore, the goal of this study is also demonstrating that, beyond these developmental aspects, cognitive flexibility is also linked to the ability to confront one’s point of view with another one, which means not only taking into account someone else’s point of view but also having the ability to consider both perspectives simultaneously, appreciating that these two points of view on the same reality may co-exist. Consequently, displaying cognitive flexibility is supposedly linked to the capacity to confront one’s point of view with another one, by looking at things from the other’s perspective while also remaining ourselves and bearing the challenge that this implies ̶ and therefore linked to one’s self-esteem and empathetic capabilities. This exploratory research has enabled us to partially validate our hypotheses and has revealed, particularly through a modelling trial, some differences linked to gender
Andrade, freitas Vitor. "Etude et réalisation de réseaux d'adaptation d'impédances accordables linéaires et non linéaires, sur PCB et silicium CMOS, pour des applications en radiofréquences." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00845681.
Full textArbess, Houssam. "Structures MOS-IGBT sur technologie SOI en vue de l'amélioration des performances à haute température de composants de puissance et de protections ESD." Phd thesis, Toulouse 3, 2012. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/1658/.
Full textWithin the framework of COTECH FNRAE project, the objectives of our work were the improvement of the SOI electronic structures at high-temperature operation (200°C). The chosen technology in this work is a smart power technology including low voltage CMOS (5 V), LDMOS power transistors (25 V, 45 V and 80 V), NPN and PNP bipolar transistor. To characterize this technology at different temperatures, as a first step, we designed a test vehicle by introducing specific design rules beneficial for the temperature behavior, both for low and high power components. We also studied new components architecture by combining in a single component a MOS and an IGBT, with an objective of self-compensation of the negative effects of temperature. To optimize the performance of these components (mixed MOS-IGBT), our methodology was based on using 2D and 3D Sentaurus physical simulation. As part of this work, two test vehicles were produced and characterized. These mixed structures MOS-IGBT have been proposed as ESD protection structures (Electro Static Discharge protection structures), to replace the LDMOS of a power clamp circuit. Based on 3D simulation, we have proposed several solutions, both topological and architectural, to significantly increase the level of the holding current. These various solutions have been experimentally validated. Finally, the good performance of these mixed structures have motivated their study as power structures
Arbess, Houssam. "Structures MOS-IGBT sur technologie SOI en vue de l'amélioration des performances à haute température de composants de puissance et de protections ESD." Phd thesis, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00715137.
Full textBellaredj, Mohamed Lamine Fayçal. "Méthodes et outils pour la fabrication de transducteurs ultrasonores en silicium." Phd thesis, Université de Franche-Comté, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00937560.
Full textEgan, Frances. "Portraits of the Artist's Self ˸ translating Alexandre Vialatte's Battling le ténébreux." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019USPCA043.
Full textAlexandre Vialatte’s (1901-1971) self-proclaimed label – ‘notoirement méconnu’ – continues to define him today. The writer-translator’s incongruities have relegated him to the margins of the French literary canon yet paradoxically attract a modest academic following. His first novel Battling le ténébreux ou la mue périlleuse (1928) – a little-studied and currently untranslated coming of age tale – exemplifies the rich placelessness that defines the author. This thesis contextualises Battling in light of Vialatte’s position as translator. It suggests the text is informed by an uneasy encounter between French and German cultures and geographies and, in parallel, it investigates the very notion of an identity ‘in translation’. This thesis adopts a translational approach whereby my own process translating Battling into English frames a literary study of the text. Given the multifaceted nature of translation, such an approach is interdisciplinary: it draws not only from translation studies (both theory and practice), but also from comparative literature, creative writing, and feminist studies, to map a polyphonous and multifaceted space between subjects and cultures. The analysis centres on the modernist hero’s ‘mue périlleuse’, or coming of age, and structures itself around two intersubjective encounters; as Vialatte’s protagonist meets his foreign and feminine Other to find insecurity, translator meets writer to problematise the original text. Through these two encounters, this thesis works to unsettle the binaries of self and other, original and translation, to ultimately present a plural and ethical identity in translation
Park, So Jeong. "Propriétés électriques et modélisation des dispositifs MOS avanvés : dispositif FD-SOI, transistors sans jonctions (JLT) et transistor à couche mince à semi-conducteur d'oxyde amorphe." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00954637.
Full textIgarashi, Kanna. "Le sentiment de l'existence : de l'Occident à l'Extrême-Orient : le Haïku, la forme poétique et la manière juste de vivre." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 8, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA080035.
Full textThe life which is worth living is that in which we could feel “le sentiment de l’existence” and according to this, which will be oriented and directed by ourself.We are asking if the “sentiment de l’existence” as absolute affect can be a kind of compass in the context of globalization governed by techno-science and neo-liberalisme, and the insensibility that this regime dictate and impose us like reasonable. We’d like to insist that to be sensible to the “sentiment de l’existence” should be required for organizing “l’autonomia”, and keeping to be honest with ourselves and with the human being. We expound, as the ancient wisdom in Greek and the Extreme Orient, the attempt to put aside the illusion as well as the excessive tendency of the rationalization, the attempt to link the “sentiment de l’existence” to the “ethos”(way of life) for recovering the relation between the being and the thinking. We also attest the links “ethic-aesthetic” in the life and the works of the haiku poet, Bashô. His life and works were even the research of the “sentiment de l’existence”
Tian, Chen. "Les chinoiseries dans l'art et la littérature français du XVIIIe siècle : un regard anthropologique et culturel." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris, EHESS, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024EHES0128.
Full textChinoiserie in France in the 18th century was the vector of a phenomenal cultural exchange, extending far beyond the mere use of objects or the domain of art. On the contrary, it touched nearly every aspect of social life. Chinese objects and taste gained new symbolic meanings in French society and became integral to collective cultural concepts.Our proposal starts from a study of imagery works of art and then incorporates sociology to explore the meaning of objects within cultural and transcultural exchanges. By adopting the perspective of the contemporary public, we aim to understand what the people saw and how they engaged with Chinese fashion.Through three major themes corresponding to each of the three parts of this work, and focusing on representation, we analyze the evolution of Chinese style in 18th-century France – from its emergence as a curiosity to the aesthetics of otherness. In social activities, new representations and meanings are formed, requiring a transversal and multidisciplinary perspective. Since the understanding of imagery begins with material perception, the first part focuses on the realm of collection and the making of Chinoiserie. This section concerns both material knowledge and the presentation of the French public’s worldview in the 18th century. By first addressing this theme, we can also define the scope of the objects of our research. The second part examines art works, identifying the art style and focusing on the formation of aesthetic meanings. The third part addresses socio-cultural perception. It establishes the social representation of objects, based on the values of the Self in relation to cultural Others. The circulation of objects shapes social space, fostering a network of relationships centered on identity, consciousness and human values. The first and second parts complete the process from material craft to art, and then to the judgment of beauty. The third part highlights the reinforcement, re-creation, and circulation of Chinoiserie within society. By following the trail of knowledge, we observe the transition from physical properties to the material aspect of creation, and then to the beauty of objects, which illustrates the relationship between aesthetics and human values.Through this research, we see that the Chinoiserie (or exotic effects) of different eras is fundamentally and initially tied to the issue of reception, although the extent of their impact varies. These exotic objects have undergone a re-creation in the different disciplines of society which altered their meaning. The key difference between the 18th-century and the 19th-century Chinoiserie lay in its reception: in the 18th century, it became a widespread social taste. More than a mere artistic trend, 18th-century Chinoiserie resonated across the collectivity, sparking the public imagination for foreign countries and reshaping production relations and the moral sense at the heart of cultural value. Ultimately, Chinoiserie became an integral part of the French aesthetic identity, incorporating their fundamental worldview and persisting in European culture.Our work integrates an approach to materiality within the framework of the theory of knowledge. On the one hand, it is about material knowledge in the literal sense – understanding foreign objects and countries. On the other hand, influenced by epistemology, Chinese objects and images moved from strangeness to beauty. Through these processes, we explain the opinions of the Enlightenment public, how they perceived the cultural Other, and how their worldview interacted with the meaning of these objects
Akra, Ahiram el. "Croissance de boîtes quantiques In(Ga)As sur substrats de silicium et de SOI pour la réalisation d'émetteurs de lumière." Phd thesis, Ecole Centrale de Lyon, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00952829.
Full textCauvier, Jacques. "Renouveler le rapport à son corps, pour un renouvellement de soi et de sa pratique À la recherche d'un équilibre entre le soin de soi et le soin des autres /." Thèse, [Rimouski, Québec] : Université du Québec à Rimouski, 2007.
Find full textTitre de l'écran-titre (visionné le 1er novembre 2007). Mémoire présenté à l'Université du Québec à Rimouski comme exigence partielle du programme de maîtrise en études des pratiques psychosociales. Comprend un résumé. CaQRU CaQRU CaQRU Bibliogr.: f. 151-158. Publié aussi en version papier. CaQRU
Riffaut, Hadrien. "S’aider soi-même en aidant les autres : Le bénévolat : un espace de construction de soi et de réalisation personnelle." Thesis, Paris 5, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA05H020.
Full textDubost, Isabelle. "De soi aux autres. . . Un parcours périlleux : la construction d'un territoire par les pêcheurs martiniquais." Toulouse 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996TOU20031.
Full textThe identity of fishermen from martinique is maritime, territory and creole. The social context, inherited from slavery, colonization and from the status of overseas region of france, is built on a rigid social-racial hierarchy, at the bottom of wich are the fishermen. Their world relies on two values. The first one is personnal freedom and success. The second value promotes the idea of a necessary equality amongst individuals. The contradiction between these two moral values generates a strong individualism, resulting from a logic based on social advancement. The ritual combining magic and religion as well sorcery are the expression of the social interactions, a source of conflits and solidarity as well. The coastal communities are actually submitted to a very strong social control. The territory is very well socially structured, with a grouped settlement wich submits each person to the control of people. This social control is counterbalanced by a scattered pattern of work relationships, with limited exchanges. Facing this collective contraint, the individual rejects every thing linked to a status restricting his autonomy, and leans toward pratices wich favor social advancement, disregarding others. The fishing rituals facilate this social advancement, becoming better fisherman than others and protecting himself from their envy. Otherness is dangerous and generates suspicion and jalousy. Therefore, the privatization maintains a social concensus in order to protect oneself from others. The "social imaginary" of the fishermen is built on pratices and institutions connected to a "system of interpretation" which refers to evil and fate
Roynette, Martine. "Concordance entre soi et les autres dans l'évaluation de la personnalité chez les personnes âgées." Thèse, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 1996. http://depot-e.uqtr.ca/4723/1/000626105.pdf.
Full textAzouzi, Ammar. "Nomination, représentation de soi et des autres dans quelques discours de langue française en Tunisie." Montpellier 3, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006MON30013.
Full textDuring the French protectorship in Tunisia, the French that are settled in Tunisia, Tunisian Nationalists and Jews have, each of them, established a set of discourses in the field of politics, press and literature in French language. The nominations of the I and Others that are made widespread derive from the representation that makes of the subject of discourse himself and his community as well as the Others representative of the relationships or rapport between the members of the three communities. The nominations and the representations of the I and the Others are analysed in the frame of the discourses that make them widespread. Discourse analysis and nominations can never be dissociated. The meaning of nominations in discourse allows to find out referentials of the French settled in Tunisia, the native arabo-musulman and Jews. The innumerable nominations, even when they refer to the same referent, do not have the same connotations. The subject of discourse referring to the same nominations used by another subject provides them with new values. The nomination "indigene" in the discourse of a French in Tunisia does not have the same meaning as that in the discourse of the Tunisian nationalist. The toponymic adjective "tunisians" is bound to apply for every resident of Tunisia even though he is a foreigner in the discourse of the French; however, this meaning is dashed in the nationalist discourse and becomes restricted only to the real inhabitants of the country, id est, the arabo-musulman natives. It is actually a struggle for the appropriation of the space where the only means is the noun. And the political system that was established by France in Tunisia from 1881 to 1956, was-it a protectorship or colonization? Our study of the nominations and the representations of the I and the Others is to be backed up by a corpus involving some discourses that pave the way for a research of the meaning or meanings of the nominations and the necessary decoding of the referents
Demougin, Laure. "Identités et exotisme : représentations de soi et des autres dans la presse coloniale française au XIXe siècle (1830-1880)." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/30584.
Full textIdentités et exotisme : représentations de soi et des autres dans la presse coloniale française au XIXe siècle (1830-1880) Sur les territoires colonisés par la France paraissent des journaux locaux qui suivent le développement national de la presse : entre 1830 et 1880, l’époque est médiatique et le journal est un support important des publications littéraires. Dans les colonies, les périodiques contiennent ainsi des textes adaptés à leurs territoires respectifs, mais publiés toujours selon la même structure, ce qui permet une comparaison entre les différentes stratégies conduisant à l’élaboration d’identités coloniales. Ces textes, par leur diversité et leurs évolutions, représentent une sorte de chaînon manquant entre la littérature des récits de voyage et la littérature coloniale qui se définit au tournant du XXe siècle : interrogés et étudiés sous cet angle, ils prennent valeur de corpus signifiant. Ils montrent en effet le rôle identitaire de cette littérature médiatique adaptée aux colonies : en adaptant l’exotisme aux conditions coloniale, en faisant varier le critère d’altérité et par bien d’autres moyens encore, la presse locale fonde en partie une attitude coloniale qui se retrouve, mutatis mutandis, dans l’empire colonial français. C’est également la raison pour laquelle le corpus médiatique colonial du XIXe siècle se trouve être au centre de connexions avec les textes de la littérature coloniale ainsi qu’avec les problématiques de l’écriture postcoloniale : lieu de publication, de nouveauté, de tentatives identitaires et d’essais génériques, le journal colonial a produit entre 1830 et 1880 des mécanismes d’écriture appelés à se développer par la suite.
Identities and exoticism : representations of self and others in the french colonial press in the 19th century (1830-1880) Local newspapers were published in French colonial areas following the same evolution as the national newspapers: between 1830 and 1880, media-rich times, the press represents a significant publishing-platform for literary texts. Colonial newspapers contain texts adjusted to their respective geographic areas, but keep the same structure regardless, thereby allowing the comparison between the strategies leading to the building of colonial identities. The diversity and the different evolution pathways of these texts may then be considered as the missing link between the travel narratives and the early-20th century defined colonial literature. As such, they can undoubtedly be considered as a significant corpus of colonial times. These texts reflect the identity role this colonial-area adjusted media literature had: by adapting exoticism to the colonial conditions, by varying the criterion of alterity and by many other ways, local press founds, partially, a colonial attitude that can further be found, mutatis mutandis, in the French colonial empire. This is also the reason the 19th-century colonial-media corpus is at the crossroads of both colonial literature and postcolonial writing problematics: as a place for publication, novelty, identity essays, and literary genre essays, the colonial newspaper witnessed the creation, between 1830 and 1880, of writing mechanisms that would eventually develop later on.
Soussan, Dimitri. "Contributions aux interfaces d'entrées / sorties rapides en technologies Silicium-Sur-Isolant partiellement et totalement désertées." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00935123.
Full textSchuller, Michelle. "Soi et les autres : étude des relations familiales dans les écrits privés florentins des XIVe-XVe siècles." Paris 3, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA030072.
Full textThe XIVth-XVth Florentine family diaries (and among them the Cronica domestica of Donato Velluti), are dedicated to the celebration of the family. However, the author leads a personal discourse : the expression of self appears through his conscious relation with his own writing, and in the autobiografical dimension of the genealogical account. In the history of the family, the glance related to the others, from now on more attentive with individualities, highlights the family structures, especially the dominating place held by the father. The father writer " governs " his family group by his own behaviour and by the writing of his book : in this book, he endeavours not only to educate the souls and to protect the bodies, but also to form citizens, with the purpose of ensuring the continuity of the family, her economic strength and her politic power in the city, transmitting the values of his social class, while expressing his concerns in front of the escape of time and the evolution of the customs and mentalities
Demougin, Laure. "Identités et exotisme : représentations de soi et des autres dans la presse coloniale française au dix-neuvième siècle (1830 - 1880)." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017MON30078.
Full textLocal newspapers were published in French colonial areas following the same evolution as the national newspapers: between 1830 and 1880, media-rich times, the press represents a significant publishing-platform for literary texts. Colonial newspapers contain texts adjusted to their respective geographic areas, but keep the same structure regardless, thereby allowing the comparison between the strategies leading to the building of colonial identities. The diversity and the different evolution pathways of these texts may then be considered as the missing link between the travel narratives and the early-20th century defined colonial literature. As such, they can undoubtedly be considered as a significant corpus of colonial times. These texts reflect the identity role this colonial-area adjusted media literature had: by adapting exoticism to the colonial conditions, by varying the criterion of alterity and by many other ways, local press founds, partially, a colonial attitude that can further be found, mutatis mutandis, in the French colonial empire. This is also the reason the 19th-century colonial-media corpus is at the crossroads of both colonial literature and postcolonial writing problematics: as a place for publication, novelty, identity essays, and literary genre essays, the colonial newspaper witnessed the creation, between 1830 and 1880, of writing mechanisms that would eventually develop later on
Lavielle-Gutnik, Nathalie. ""Devenir soi-même" comme les autres : sens donné et engagement des sujets en autoformation : le cas des APP." Paris, CNAM, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007CNAM0556.
Full textThe meaning given by the subjects to their commitement when in self training constitutes the purpose of this paper. This research comes within an intelligibility of these subjects' experience of life, subjects who are both "social subjects" as applicants for work and "subjects in learning situation in an institutionalised self-training. "The undertaken approach considers the postulate according to which it is not a question of checking their sayings but of understanding the way they present the meaning they give to their commitment as an "activity", this research comes within a double theorical rooting : in order to tackle this committement as a behavior and meaning construction, the research comes within a double theoretical rooting : in order to tackle this commitment, as a behavior and meaning construction, the research comes within a double theoretical rooting: in order to tackle this commitment as a behavior and meaning construction, this research refers to assignment and commitment of psychosocial theories. Furthermore, in order to deal with the link between commitment and training course, identity theory for training is mobilized. This research leads to three types od results: First, commitment in self-training can paradoxically be characterized on a process both individual and commonly shared. Indeed, an individual process of internalization of socially valued norms and a mobilization of an identity strategy of type "personologic" can be inferred on the subjects adopt constant and common forms of identification which are out of the fields of experience in real life. Finally, this approach to commitment in self-training leads to go further into theoretical questioning on the possible forms of identity construction. These results also allow to explore a few tracks of action in terms of pedagogical engineering and training engineering based on the reintroduction of a third party -the mediator- who is a link between the subjects and society
Covez, Corinne. "Pratique artistique : un rapport à soi, aux autres et au monde : l'éducation par le cirque, l'école du vivre." Thesis, Lille 3, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LIL30054/document.
Full textDoing an artistic activity is not easy. Nevertheless, to day in France, the scholar system creates workshops to invite the youth to get on track. The contemporary circus arts develop an aes/ethics and a practice based on unbalance and risk, that makes it particular. This study aims to discover up an action-Research thanks to a circus intervention to students in a professional high school in Northern France. This device, belonging to an Interreg Project and experimented during two intercultural French/English workshops, allowed to question the bodily, psychological, social, psychic and affective issues of a practicing third French group. The sensitive ethnographic approach highlighted their suffering life and their link to the school, enlightening, by contrast, the educative role of the circus practice within the relationship to “living”
Silva, Afrânio Tenório da. "A parresia política como ação filosófica: um estudo do curso Le gouvernement de soi et des autres , de Michel Foucault." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2012. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/11611.
Full textThe purpose of this work is the reading of the Le gouvernement de soi et des autres course, pronounced by Michel Foucault in 1983, on Collège de France. The aim is a reflexion on philosophy as a form of veridiction. The politics parrhesia is a form of philosophical veridiction that takes place in the meeting between philosophy and politics. This dissertation examines two built spaces on Antiquity for the politics parresia practice: the first one is the democratic city; the second one is the Prince s soul. Passing through the tragedy analysis of Ion, from Euripides, wherein parses the democratic parrhesia, and the VII Plato s Charter, wherein parses the autocratic parresia, it comes a question on how the parrhesia s concept, emerged from the early days of our culture, it means in Greek Antiquity, can echo on Modernity, trough the Aufklärung text from Kant. The result is a reflexion about the current philosophy and its contribution to a possible link between the own government and the others one
Este trabalho tem por objetivo a leitura do curso Le gouvernement de soi et des autres proferido por Michel Foucault em 1983, no Collège de France. Busca-se refletir sobre a filosofia enquanto forma de veridicção. A parresia política é uma forma de veridicção filosófica que se realiza no encontro entre filosofia e política. A dissertação analisa dois espaços constituídos na Antiguidade para o exercício da parresia política: o primeiro é a cidade democrática, o segundo, a alma do Príncipe. Passando pela análise da tragédia Íon de Eurípides, na qual se reflete sobre a parresia democrática, e da Carta VII de Platão, na qual se reflete sobre a parresia autocrática, se chega à questão sobre como o conceito de parresia, surgido nos primórdios de nossa cultura, isto é, na Antiguidade grega, pode encontrar ecos na Modernidade pela reflexão do texto de Kant sobre a Aufklärung. O resultado é uma reflexão sobre a atualidade da filosofia e sua contribuição para uma articulação possível entre o governo de si e dos outros
Berweger, Karine. "Facteurs associés au développement des représentations mentales de soi et des autres des enfants d'âge préscolaire : recension des écrits et études de cas descriptives." Thèse, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 2011. http://depot-e.uqtr.ca/2045/1/030175038.pdf.
Full textDuval, Céline. "Neuropsychologie des représentations mentales de soi et des autres : Effets de l’âge et explorations dans la démence sémantique : [thèse soutenue sur un ensemble de travaux]." Caen, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011CAEN1603.
Full textNowadays, the great attention paid to the human consciousness conducts researchers exploring the self and theory of mind (ToM). The main goals of this thesis were to assess age-induced changes on the Self in memory (1) and ToM (2) and to explore both entities in the semantic dementia (SD) (3). Thanks to an original methodology. In the first part dedicated to the Self concept, we showed that normal aging affects only some of its characteristics. We also demonstrated that answering to the question ‘Who am I?’, considered as a general personal identity measure, involves episodic memory and self-representations in the future. The second part of this thesis, dedicated to the ToM concept, was based on the “cognitive ToM” versus “affective ToM” dichotomy. In this section, we found both ToM dimensions to be impaired alongside with normal aging. However, a direct aging effect was reported for the second-order cognitive ToM, while this effect was indirect considering the other ToM dimensions. Finally, exploring the self and ToM concepts for the first time in SD, we first reported a relative preservation of patients’ personal identity although the future part of their identity was altered. Then, the study of ToM in SD patients highlighted the impairment of the cognitive ToM, contrasting with a relative preservation of the affective ToM. Furthermore, these results were consistent with the patients’ atrophy located in the left temporal pole but not-in the right one. These explorations of the self and ToM concepts in SD suggested a dysfunction of the simulation mechanism in this pathology. Overall, this thesis deals with the links between memory, self- and others-consciousness
Matias, Nicasia Casimiro. "Le regard des autres dans la construction de l'image de soi : les angolais à Paris et à Lisbonne ; trajectoires, insertion, identités." Paris, EHESS, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004EHES0212.
Full textMy research focuses on the role others'look on the construction of one's self-image, my object of study being Angolan nationals residing in Paris and Lisbon, which i was able to study on the basis of statistics and written sources and with a comparatist interest, and mostly through questionnaires, interview and observation. I first seek to establish which factors caused their having left Angola for Europe, what motivated their choise of one country rather than the other, and to analyse the image they had of themselves and of others when they left. I afterwards look into the compatibilities and incongruences existing between their desire to emigrate and the immigration policies of the "recieving" countries, as well as the difficulties and obstaclesthey have to overcome to be admitted and be able to integrate in these countries. I then proceed to analyse their multiple identities, those they formed in the context of their own society and those resulting from their migration process, trying then to bring to the fore those factors which were important in shaping how they see themselves and how they see the others : to that aim, i take into account both the main events from An golan history which have informed their perceptions, and the conditions experienced in their moving to a foreign place and living in it. Essentialy based on an examination and interpretation of the interviews i led, this central part of my research seeks, through an analysis of their discourse on a diversity of topics, to determine what, in the image they form and signification they give to the other's look on themselves, as well as in the self-ilage they built, refers to conceptions and representations interiorised from their original society and socialmilieu, and what results from the interaction with the foreign receiving society. I also try to find in the various modes they represent themselves and the others, which are the marks of individual specificities, or of sociological differences, and which shoud be attributed to their condition as people from abroad in a foreign context. Finally, i seek to underline what, in their representations, is common and what is different in the two european contexts studied
Gaudet-Boulay, Jasmine. "Représentations mentales de soi et des autres chez des enfants ayant un trouble envahissant du développement : présentation d'un projet de recherche." Thèse, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 2013. http://depot-e.uqtr.ca/6919/1/030585951.pdf.
Full textManach, Marlène. "Etude de la construction de compétences sociales par une analyse de l’activité en situation de formation : transformation du rapport à soi et aux autres." Thesis, Brest, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019BRES0039/document.
Full textIn the field of adult education, the question of social skills emerges from current societal issues. The development of service professions, globalization and the virtualization of organizations involve social skills, combining intrapersonal provisions linked to self-relationship (self-confidence, stress management, etc.) and interpersonal provisions linked to relationships with others (teamwork and networking, empathy, etc.) sought by employers. However, social skills are rarely addressed in adult education because they are considered aspart of “on-the-job” learning (Durand, 2008).This study therefore has a dual epistemic and transformative objective: to know how participation in training situations influences the transformation of the relationship with oneself and others. This thesis was based on the training proposals of the IDEFI TalentCampus. The theoretical and methodological framework used is the result of a link between the course of action (Theureau, 2006, 2015) and the sociotechnical approach to training environments (Albero, 2010 a/b/c). This framework aims, through a diachronic and synchronicanalysis, to understand the different forms of interaction between individual learners and their training environment (other learners, trainers, artefacts) and the influences of these interactions on the relationship to oneself and others. The results show changes in activity habits related to relationships with oneself and others. These transformations emerge from interactions with others mediated by artefacts, in situations where the objective is to carry out a project in a group or to reflect on the action
Mangin, Pascal. "Étude d'une caractérisation mécanique des skis de fond : Méthodes d'obtention de la raideur évolutive et autres études d'aspect technico-sportif." Besançon, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990BESA2023.
Full textHins, Sara-Juliette. "Emma Gendron, polyphonie médiatique d'une femme pas comme les autres (1897-1952)." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26123.
Full textOn the heels of researches in women’s literary history, this thesis focuses on Emma Gendron, a French-Canadian writer, who among others signed a play, a letter to the editor, two novels, two scenarios and many short stories in Quebec between 1920 and 1940. Despite this fact, it is mainly as a writer that she is mentioned in the story because she is the first francophone Quebec to practice this form of writing. If in general, the texts in these areas briefly trace her career and biography emphasizing journalistic aspect or film, none offers a real analysis of her works. It seems that the work in literary history have not addressed thoroughly and specifically literary trajectory and the work of polygraphs as Gendron, nor highlighted the socio-literary issues at work from the point of view of production reception when we try to understand their practice and what they represent in the literary field. First of all, this thesis traces Emma Gendron’s trajectory. It discusses her journalistic collaborations and the different postures that she adopted during her career. We then analyze the ideological tendencies at work in the column “The eternal feminine” in La Revue populaire and “Le Courrier de Manon” in Le Samedi. Then, we see that the recurrence of orphan character in the texts of Gendron opens a larger world of possibilities to this figure in fiction and is used as motor for action. Feminine self-realization, by the exercise of a profession or the choice of a husband is another track that this thesis explores. Gendron’s position in this respect is a form of médianité, a compromise between the old and modern styles. Finally, we look at the themes of modernity and Americanity. We believe that, like the treatment of the heroines who practice a profession, the position of Gendron in relation to Americanity is in-between, in médianité. Some works conveyed a more conservative ideology, while others seem to illustrate a break or some novelty compared to the dominant discourse.
Cottier, Jean-Bernard. "Soigner son travail pour prendre soin des autres : l’expérience d’un espace de parole entre soignants : une occasion de professionnalisation du rôle relationnel ?" Thesis, Nantes, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019NANT2037.
Full textThis research is based on a five-year experience (2003-2008) in a gastroenterology department. The author of this thesis has felt the need to request some caregivers having voluntarily participated in a think tank which gathered them regularly in the department; these moments allowed them to express their hardships, their questioning, their doubts, even their suffering. Many years later, the nurse and PhD student who actively participated wanted to know why this experience had motivated some of the caregivers. It was important to meet them ten years later to identify with hindsight the benefits which they had possibly gained from these educational informal times. Thanks to the collected narratives, a hypothesis became obvious: to take care of others, the caregivers has no recourse but to talk, surrounded by his peers. This is the position of the learner which emerges through these learning narratives realized into group practice. By making their choice, these learners have access to four dimensions that characterize the subject : he is capable, sensitive, socially situated and able to lead a reflexion. By the emergence of this enigmatic learning subject within think tank, these caregivers make a criticism of their own knowledge, question themselves and so participate in a process of professional and personal self-growth both for themselves and others
Cuny, Guillaume. "Le choix des autres : construction et appropriation de l'orientation de jeunes femmes scolarisées en Bac Pro accompagnement, soin, service à la personne." Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024UPASU008.
Full textWhile most orientations into vocational education are constrained in France, the vocational baccalaureate Accompaniment, care, services to the person seems to be an exception. This course attracts many candidates and all the students whose school career we studied in this research chose it as their first wish at the start of high school. During the interviews with the students, they claimed a vocational relationship to this orientation, explaining that they had always enjoyed caring for others in the domestic sphere and that it had allowed them to develop both technical and moral dispositions conducive to care work. By conducting observations in classrooms and in places of internship, as well as interviews with students (that took place at different times of their schooling), but also teachers and administrative staff, we sought to analyse how this orientation, marked by strong social determinism, can nevertheless be appropriated by students. We also seeked to analyse what role the school institution and its actors play in this appropriation. Since the thesis is carried out in sociology of training/employment relations and in visual and filmic sociology, the manuscript is completed by a documentary film and a reflection on the contribution of images to research in humanities and social sciences
Petruzziello, Treveur. "Dimitri : suivi de De la dissolution du personnage à la typologie de l’étranger aux autres et à soi-même dans Plume, d’Henri Michaux, Palomar, d’Italo Calvino et La Nébuleuse du crabe, d’Éric Chevillard." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/25541.
Full textThis master thesis is divided into two parts. Dimitri, a collection of eleven short texts, is a hybrid creation within both the novel and the short story collection without completely conforming to either of them and is built around the singular character of Dimitri. Coping in a world that is foreign to himself, Dimitri tries to exist through speech, but each attempt is doomed to failure. From the dissolution of the character to being quite oblivious to his own existence and to his surroundings in Plume, by Henri Michaux, Mr. Palomar, by Italo Calvino and The Crab Nebula, by Eric Chevillard takes into account the phenomenon of depletion of the character. This analysis intends to explain how to consider and make sense of the characters of Plume, Palomar and Crab, and what vision of the world participate the works that receive them.
Du, Roy Olivier. "La règle d'or : "Ne fais pas aux autres ce que tu ne voudrais pas qu'il te soit fait", "Fais aux autres ce que tu voudrais qu'ils te fassent : Histoire et portée d'une maxime éthique." Université de Marne-la-Vallée, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007MARN0367.
Full textDghim, Chiheb. "L'etranger dans quelques romans égyptiens." Thesis, Paris 3, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA030017.
Full textThe study of the space and the characters in some Egyptians novels highlight all the importance and complexity of the report to the other and how characters and spatiality fit to give meaning to the various representations that the Arab character made of the Occident. The oriental character - author, Narrator character or fictional character - is at the heart of this conflict: facing to himself and to the stranger, facing two types of women, one western and other oriental, facing two societies, one archaic and the other modern and, in the end facing with two spaces, one stranger and the other familiar
Han, Ling. "La vie psychique et sociale des enfants dans les orphelinats chinois." Phd thesis, Université René Descartes - Paris V, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00685103.
Full textBagagli, Yoann. "Modélisation cyclique des sols et interfaces sol/structure." Phd thesis, Ecole Centrale de Lyon, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00679534.
Full textLee, Shao-Fen. "Enquêter sur la capacité à se soucier des autres. Le travail des aides-soignantes en institution pour personnes âgées dépendantes en France et à Taïwan." Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019EHES0045.
Full textThis thesis is on the liberty and the agency care-workers have in their professional and personal lives. From a comparative study of the work done by nurse assistants and the same function providers (faisant-fonction) in institutions for the dependent elderly in France and Taiwan, I would like to show that the “capability to care for others” is intimately linked to the “capability to care for oneself”.This inquiry is based on four active participant observations in traineeships, two in each country, and 52 interviews with care-workers, institution directors and other professionals in the field of care. The comparative approach unveils the opposing contexts in terms of social, political and cultural regulations in these two countries. This observation also enlightens the way in which various factors condition the conversion of the resources available to nurse assistants in an effective accomplishment of the care. These conversion factors are institutional (public policies), organizational (care institutions) and biographical (care-workers). Therefore it is a multi-scale approach that the thesis takes. The intersection of the relationship between the workers and their work and the relationship between the workers and their status of employment constitutes a variety of care work patterns. The configuration of these work patterns reflects how the “capability to care for others” differs depending on the various degrees of their job security and precariousness. The comparison of the care-workers’ career paths with “stabilized” and “precarious” employment status also reveals their different “capability to care for oneself” regarding their agency in their professional development. This thesis also shows that the inequalities in the care workers’ professional development result from the interaction between the logics of the collective and normative regulations and the subjective logics the workers have towards their lives.Redefining the contemporary care work as a justice and social responsibility issue, this research challenges the political discourse which simplifies the relevant problems in the care of the dependant elderly and the care-workers’ conditions from the individualistic perspective of professionalism
Ning, Ling Han. "La vie psychique et sociale des enfants dans les orphelinats chinois." Thesis, Paris 5, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA05H001/document.
Full textMy research aims to psychic and social life of children in Chinese orphanages. These children are often abandoned because of their disability. They are placed as a result of the failure of their parents following a death, pauperism, imprisonment, or the difficulties they face leading to the abandonment of the child. I wonder how these children in Chineseorphanages will organize themselves socially and psychologically to deal with the double trauma: abandonment and placement. To test the effects of emotional deprivation crossed with the abandonment and institutionalization, an exploratory research, which consists of field observation and interviews with three nurses is carried out in two Chinese orphanages. And then, the data collection was conducted with 16 children from 7 to 12 years with the methodological tools: the interview with children, drawing and testing stories. The analysis of data collected is based on three vectors that underlie the organization of the psychic life of an individual : self-representation, representation of his relationship with others, defense mechanisms implemented. The presentation of results is divided into two parts: comprehensive study of data (comprehensive study of the interviews, comprehensive study of the drawings, comprehensive study of the test stories) and case studies (7 cases among the samples are selected for in-depth studies). The results show that these children have deficiencies in self-representation which are detected by the self-esteem damaged and negative feelings, deficiencies in their relationship with others of the order of pathology of the link, and to deal with their situation, some children may enter into a process of resilience which is observed by the defense mechanisms they use or by reference to a guardian of resilience
Baouab, Aymen. "Gouvernance et supervision décentralisée des chorégraphies inter-organisationnelles." Phd thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00843420.
Full textZhang, Xiangwei. "Modélisation physique et numérique des interactions sol-structure sous sollicitations dynamiques transverses." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00767071.
Full textKervran, Charlotte. "Stabilité psychométrique des critères diagnostiques du DSM-5 pour les troubles de l’usage de substances et valeur prédictive du craving sur l’usage de substance selon le contexte de soin. Dans quelle mesure le craving diffère-t-il des autres critères diagnostiques ?" Thesis, Bordeaux, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019BORD0442.
Full textIntroduction : Loss of control of use of a rewarding substance is the core of substance use disorders. The psychometric validity of the DSM-5 diagnostic criteria for substance use disorders was tested for several substances, but the addition of craving as a diagnostic criterion is still debated. A behavioral model of addiction has been proposed in which craving intensity fluctuation over time predicts later use and relapse supporting its addition as a diagnostic criterion of the loss of control dimension. However, these previous studies focused only on samples of substance users attempting to reduce use or abstain.The main objective of this thesis project is to test the psychometric stability of the diagnostic criteria of the DSM-5 substance use disorders according to treatment context, paying particular attention to the role of craving as a diagnostic criterion and as a dynamic dimension. Substance users recruited in harm reduction programs (HR), a substance-use friendly environment and substance users seeking treatment (TX) to reduce or abstain from use were compared. Methods : The stability of the 11 diagnostic criteria for alcohol, cocaine, opiates, cannabis and tobacco use disorders was tested. The Item Response Theory (IRT) and Differential Item Functioning (DIF) analyses made it possible to study the behavior of the diagnostic criteria between them and in relation to the underlying latent trait of the use disorder, and to test the functioning of the criteria between the two populations. The applicability of the behavioral model was tested among HR subjects using the EMA (Ecological Momentary Assessment), collecting craving intensity and substance use repeatedly in daily life, to test the prospective link using the HLM (Hierarchical Linear Model) method. Results : Regardless of substances used and treatment context, the diagnostic criteria assessing loss of control worked correctly and more particularly the craving criterion, which was less the case for the diagnostic criteria related to consequences of use. As a diagnostic criterion, craving seems to be the most selective, because it fits better to the one-factor model, it is among the least difficult to be endorsed (more frequent), is the most discriminant and captures subjects with mild substance use disorders. The EMA study highlights the predictive role of craving on use, regardless of the context of use. Conclusion : This work questions the relevance of the criteria of consequences of use, because of their psychometric characteristics, which are less effective than the loss of control criteria, and their low inter-sample stability. This work highlights the role of craving as a driving force for use and supports its interest as a diagnostic and prognostic measure of loss of control. These results could make it a specific and early marker of addiction that can be easily detected and used in clinical practice, and justify its being a target for therapeutic interventions