Journal articles: 'Software development firms'

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Alawneh, L. "Talent assessment in software development firms." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 459 (December 7, 2018): 012001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/459/1/012001.

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Mohd, Emad. "Accounting for Software Development Costs and Information Asymmetry." Accounting Review 80, no. 4 (October 1, 2005): 1211–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/accr.2005.80.4.1211.

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I investigate the impact of implementing SFAS No. 86, which provides an exception to the GAAP requirement of the immediate expensing of research and development (R&D), on information asymmetry. Using bid-ask spread and share turnover as proxies for information asymmetry, I find that after the introduction of SFAS No. 86, information asymmetry decreases for software firms relative to that of other high-tech firms. Within the software industry, I find that information asymmetry is significantly lower for firms that capitalize (capitalizers) than for those who expense (expensers) software development costs. Thus, accounting for software development costs per SFAS No. 86 reduces information asymmetry and, consequently, the cost of capital. As well, investors' uncertainty about the future benefits of software development costs is reduced when firms capitalize these costs.

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CHEVERS, DELROY. "SOFTWARE PROCESS IMPROVEMENT: AWARENESS, USE, AND BENEFITS IN CANADIAN SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT FIRMS." Revista de Administração de Empresas 57, no. 2 (April 2017): 170–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0034-759020170206.

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ABSTRACT Since 1982, the software development community has been concerned with the delivery of quality systems. Software process improvement (SPI) is an initiative to avoid the delivery of low quality systems. However, the awareness and adoption of SPI is low. Thus, this study examines the rate of awareness, use, and benefits of SPI initiatives in Canadian software development firms. Using SPSS as the analytical tool, this study found that 59% of Canadian software development firms are aware of SPI programs and 43% of employees use a form of SPI programs to develop software products. Although the sample size is small and the results cannot be generalized, the sample firms that use SPI programs reported an improvement in software product quality as the greatest benefit. These findings confirm the importance of SPI programs as a means of producing higher-quality software products, which can increase the likelihood of software companies winning global contracts.

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Barsiienko, Vladyslav, and Yevhenii Vavruk. "Software Service for Optimization of the Work Processes in Law Firms." Advances in Cyber-Physical Systems 7, no. 2 (December 16, 2022): 63–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/acps2022.02.063.

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The paper presents the stages of creating a software service for optimizing law firms' work processes and examines its operation's effectiveness. The relevance of development is due to the need to increase the efficiency of work done in conservative spheres such as the law segment. The authors focus on considering the essential components of the designed system. The main operation algorithms have been presented, and the effectiveness of their development has been proved. A comparison has been made, and the prospects for developing optimization services have been emphasized.

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Jarvenpaa, Sirkka L., and Ji-Ye Mao. "Operational Capabilities Development in Mediated Offshore Software Services Models." Journal of Information Technology 23, no. 1 (March 2008): 3–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.jit.2000125.

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The paper expands theoretical and empirical understanding of capabilities development in the mediated offshore outsourcing model whereby a small or a medium-sized firm delivers offshore software services to a larger information technology firm that in turn contracts and interfaces with the actual end-client onshore firms. Such a mediated model has received little prior research attention, although it is common particularly among Chinese firms exporting services to Japan, the largest export market for Chinese software services. We conducted case studies in four China-based software companies to understand the mechanisms used to develop their operational capabilities. We focused on client-specific, process, and human resources capabilities that have been previously associated with vendor success. We found a range of learning mechanisms to build the capabilities in offshore firms. Results show that the development of human resources capabilities was most challenging in the mediated model; yet foundational for the development of the other capabilities. This paper contributes to the information systems literature by improving our understanding of the development of operational capabilities in small- and medium-sized Chinese firms that deploy the mediated model of offshore software services.

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al-Tarawneh, Mejhem Yousef, Mohd Syazwan Abdullah, and Abdul Bashah Mat Ali. "A proposed methodology for establishing software process development improvement for small software development firms." Procedia Computer Science 3 (2011): 893–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2010.12.146.

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Strugar, Ivan, Jovana Zoroja, and Božidar Jaković. "Development Practices of Embedded Systems: SMEs in SEE countries." Business Systems Research Journal 5, no. 1 (March 1, 2014): 57–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/bsrj-2014-0005.

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Abstract Background: Embedded systems are evolving in their use based on the increased trend of merging software with hardware appliances. The market for the embedded systems development is rapidly increasing and this is one of the possible new markets for software firms striving for new competitive advantage. Objectives: The goal of the paper is to explore embedded systems development practices of Croatian firms and compare them with the practices of the firms from South Eastern European (SEE) countries. Methods/Approach: The survey was conducted using the sample of SME software firms and the data on embedded systems development practices have been analysed. Practices of Croatian firms were compared with practices of other firms from SEE countries. Results: Results of the survey revealed that in comparison to their counterparts from SEE countries, Croatian firms involved in embedded systems development utilise cutting-edge technology and processes to a lower extent. Conclusions: Cutting-edge technology and processes are prerequisites for attaining the level of productivity in software production that is sufficient to ensure maintaining cost competency. However, SMEs are yet to fulfill their market potentials

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Chevers, Delroy, Annette M. Mills, Evan Duggan, and Stanford Moore. "An Evaluation of Software Development Practices among Small Firms in Developing Countries." Journal of Global Information Management 24, no. 3 (July 2016): 45–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jgim.2016070103.

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For software development firms to be competitive they must assure the quality of the software product. This has led many firms to adopt software process improvement (SPI) programs such as the capability maturity model integration (CMMI). However, for small software firms, especially those in developing countries with limited resources, these programs are often too cumbersome and costly to implement. To address this issue, this paper proposes a simplified SPI model for small firms (SPM-S) comprised of 10 key software development practices; with fewer practices, the proposed model should be more accessible and less costly to implement. Using data collected in four developing countries in the English-speaking Caribbean from 112 developer/user dyads, the model is evaluated with respect to its impact on software quality. The findings show that the software development process coupled with supporting technology (e.g. project management tools) significantly impact software product quality. Implications for software process improvement in small firms and future research are discussed.

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Alsawalqah, Hamad, Yazan Alshamaileh, Bashar Alshboul, Areej Shorman, and Azzam Sleit. "Factors Impacting on CMMI Acceptance Among Software Development Firms: A Qualitative Assessment." Modern Applied Science 13, no. 3 (February 28, 2019): 170. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/mas.v13n3p170.

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Productive firms try to deliver high-quality products to be globally competitive. Therefore, software development firms need to adhere to a set of best practices that improve their processes. Capability maturity model integration (CMMI) comprehensively assesses the maturity of a firm's processes. Representing a major departure from the traditional method of running quality management in software development firms, the adoption of CMMI has major ramifications and long-lasting effects on a company’s quality procedures. Unfortunately, the literature lacks information as to how firms should implement CMMI. Our research involved conducting an exploratory study examining the major factors that influenced CMMI adoption for Jordanian software development firms. Quality managers from eighteen software development organizations took an open-ended survey. The results show that the main factors in CMMI implementation in Jordanian software development firms were issues of its being too costly, having no time, dealing with market scope, and lack of top management support. Conclusions are also presented.

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Jain, Naveen Kumar, Nitin Pangarkar, Lin Yuan, and Vikas Kumar. "Internationalization of Indian software firms through establishment of global development centers." Multinational Business Review 23, no. 2 (July 20, 2015): 90–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/mbr-06-2014-0033.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine the inter-firm variation in the opening of international global development centers (GDCs), in a high commitment entry mode, by Indian software firms as a function of their past performance, degree of internationalization, possession of a valuable resource in the form of CMMI Level 5 certification and rivals’ establishment of GDCs. Design/methodology/approach – The authors draw on the organizational learning theory, the resource-based view and the strategic behavior theory to analyze the variation in the number of GDCs opened by 32 leading Indian software firms between 2000 and 2009. Findings – The authors find that strong past performance of Indian software firms leads to the establishment of a greater number of GDCs. The authors further demonstrate that non-financial resources, such as the possession of CMMI Level 5 certification, positively moderate the above relationship. Research limitations/implications – The research is conducted in the context of a single industry and a single home country. The authors also focus on a subset of firms (large, listed firms) in the industry. The authors recommend future research to examine other knowledge-intensive industries. Practical implications – An increasing number of Indian software firms and other emerging market firms wish to locate close to their overseas customers by choosing a high commitment entry mode. The research suggests that, prior to internationalizing, managers should build up critical and relevant resources through deployment of high commitment entry modes. Originality/value – The research has many unique aspects including a rigorous model development, a robust empirical approach as well as an interesting empirical context. The authors believe that the results will be useful to academics and practitioners alike.

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Schaarschmidt, Mario, and Harald Von Kortzfleisch. "Firms' Resource Deployment and Project Leadership in Open Source Software Development." International Journal of Innovation and Technology Management 12, no. 02 (March 25, 2015): 1550010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219877015500108.

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When using the open source software (OSS), development model firms face the challenge to balance the tension between the integration of knowledge from external individuals and the desire for control. In our investigation, we draw upon a data set consisting of 109 projects with 912 individual programmers and 110 involved firms and show how those different projects are governed in terms of project leadership. Our four hypotheses show that despite the wish for external knowledge from voluntary programmers firms are relying on own resources or those from other firms to control a project, that projects with low firm participation are mainly led by voluntary committers, and that projects with high firm participation are mainly led by paid leaders. This research extends the dominating literature by providing empirical evidence in that area and helps to deepen our understanding of firm participation in OSS projects as a form of open innovation activity.

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Masango, Shingairai Grace, and Paul Lassalle. "What entrepreneurs do? Entrepreneurial action guided by entrepreneurial opportunities and entrepreneurial learning in early internationalising firms." International Marketing Review 37, no. 6 (June 4, 2020): 1083–119. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/imr-10-2018-0273.

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PurposeThere is a growing interest in exploring the interface between international marketing and entrepreneurial opportunities. This paper contributes by defining and elucidating entrepreneurial action in early internationalising software firms and the corresponding emergent international marketing activities. Entrepreneurial action in early internationalising software firms is explored through the operationalisation of a reconceptualised entrepreneurial opportunity construct and the associated entrepreneurial learning processes.Design/methodology/approachThe paper adopts an inductive approach, which traces the evolution of five early internationalising propriety software South African firms; from the new venture idea to the establishment of the international entrepreneurial opportunity.FindingsThe findings provide support for entrepreneurial action guided by: prior industry experience, entrepreneurial alertness, opportunity confidence and two levels of entrepreneurial learning; experiential and double-loop learning. Learning by doing allows for the continuous evaluation of the new venture idea leading to the international entrepreneurial opportunity. Market responsiveness and continuous product development resulting in the emergence of the firm's inward international marketing activities constitute the key outcomes of entrepreneurial action.Research limitations/implicationsThe study is limited to a specific technology context, which is young software firms whose inward directed internationalisation activities coalesce around the development of their proprietary software technology.Originality/valueBased on an original dataset of early internationalising software firms from South Africa, this paper inductively operationalises and conceptualises entrepreneurial action as the combined interaction of four key constructs: contingent effects, attitudes to opportunities, learning by doing and entrepreneurial activities leading to the firm's inward international marketing activities and a diversified international client and end-user base.

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Krishnan, Gopal V., and Changjiang (John) Wang. "Are Capitalized Software Development Costs Informative About Audit Risk?" Accounting Horizons 28, no. 1 (July 1, 2013): 39–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/acch-50580.

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SYNOPSIS Capitalization of software research and development costs (SDC) under SFAS No. 86 is the only exception to SFAS No. 2 that calls for immediate expensing of R&D costs. Although intangible assets have become increasingly relevant for firm valuation, they remain largely unexplored in audit research. This is an important topic because intangible assets, especially those that are internally developed, pose greater challenges in assessing audit risk relative to tangible assets. Capitalization of SDC offers a unique opportunity to study how auditors assess audit risk associated with the recognition of this intangible asset. While capitalized SDC could shed light on software products' potential commercial success and inform the auditor about the client's business risk, the accounting flexibility allowed by SFAS No. 86 also increases the risk of earnings management, and thus implies higher audit risk. Using audit fees as a proxy for audit risk, our results indicate that capitalized SDC are negatively associated with audit fees for firms where capitalization is inconsequential to beating analysts' forecasts, and also for firms with low analysts' following. These results support the notion that capitalized SDC signal lower business risk, especially for firms with low earnings management risk or high private information.

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Majumdar, Sumit K. "R&D Spending and the Rewards to Human Capital in India's IT Sector." Vikalpa: The Journal for Decision Makers 38, no. 4 (October 2013): 37–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0256090920130403.

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Firms organize heterogeneous resources developed to create capabilities sustaining the provision of services or the production of output, and they engage in research and development (R&D) activities. R&D is an extremely human capital-intensive effort and the intangible assets are embodied in human capital. Firms engaging in R&D activities also devote attention to human capital issues and may be progressive in human relations and compensation policies. Such progressive firms would have a higher wage share, signalling financial commitment to people assets. That is the expectation. Paradoxically, R&D spending is discretionary, held low in priorities, and is the first expenditure cut in a downturn. Not much is known of this relationship in spite of it being an important relationship in contemporary theories of economic growth and corporate development. This article examines the links between the R&D spending of Indian information technology and software sector firms and their wage share. The extent of a firm's wage share measures the share of a firm's product accruing to its human capital pool. When a firm's wage share is larger, the quantum of value generated by its activities used to reward employees is larger. The relationship between R&D spending and wage share captures an important aspect of the behaviour, related to wealth sharing, of innovative versus not so innovative firms. The information technology and software sector is critical in India's growth. Its presence has had domestic consequences in terms of employment and exports. The dynamic R&D spending and wage share relationship is examined for a large panel of firms in the Indian information technology and software industry from the period 2000-01 to 2005-06. Whether India technology and software firms' employees benefit from their own firms' practices is an important issue in engendering the future performance of the information technology and software sector. The results show that the firm R&D spending and wage share relationship is negative and significant. A short-term cost minimizing approach, where firms compete by balancing expenditures, so that an increase in one type of expenditure by firms is counterbalanced by a decline in another type of expenditure, rather than a long-term oriented dynamic capabilities enhancement approach, best describes Indian information technology and software firms' behaviour. The negative relationship noted in this analysis does not augur well for Indian firms' efforts to develop into globally competitive firms, as rewards to human capital are not forthcoming for activities related to R&D efforts.

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Iyawa, Gloria E., Marlien E. Herselman, and Alfred Coleman. "Customer Interaction in Software Development: A Comparison of Software Methodologies Deployed in Namibian Software Firms." Electronic Journal of Information Systems in Developing Countries 77, no. 1 (November 2016): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.1681-4835.2016.tb00560.x.

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Rehman, Naqeeb Ur. "Drivers of firms’ growth: a case study of software firms in Islamabad/Rawalpindi regions." Journal of Management Development 34, no. 8 (August 10, 2015): 901–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jmd-05-2014-0041.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to identify the drivers of firm’s growth such as research and development (R & D), absorptive capacity, knowledge management, organisation culture, access to finance, internationalisation and so forth. As far as the contribution is concerned, two objectives have been achieved from this empirical paper. First, this paper fills an important gap in the literature by determining the drivers of firm’s growth. Second, this study analysed the Pakistani software industry at micro level by investigating the firm’s knowledge-based assets and their significant association with labour productivity growth. Based on a face to face interview of 69 software firms, this study found that firm size, access to finance, internationalisation (exporting and outward foreign direct investment), business improvement methods and knowledge management have a positive impact on the firm’s labour productivity growth. In comparison, firm undertaking R & D and absorptive capacity showed negative association with labour productivity growth. This study implies that these software firms have low investment in knowledge-based assets. In summary, this empirical study suggests that high sunk costs, low investment in knowledge-based assets and shortage of skills generally affect the labour productivity of these software firms. Design/methodology/approach – Survey analysis, using cross section data analysis. Findings – This study found that firm size, access to finance, internationalisation (exporting and outward FDI), business improvement methods and knowledge management have a positive impact on the firm’s labour productivity growth. In comparison, firm undertaking R & D and absorptive capacity showed negative association with labour productivity growth. In summary, this empirical study suggests that high sunk costs, low investment in knowledge-based assets and shortage of skills generally affect the labour productivity of these software firms. Research limitations/implications – Additionally, suggestions for future research would be to investigate the relationship between drivers of firm growth and innovation performance. The survey analysis could be extended to other parts of country such as Karachi and Lahore for resolving causality. Originality/value – First, this paper fills an important gap in the literature by determining the drivers of firm’s growth. Second, this study analysed the Pakistani software industry at micro level by investigating the firm’s knowledge-based assets and their significant association with labour productivity growth.

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Chevers, Delroy A., and Gerald G. Grant. "Information Systems Quality and Success in Canadian Software Development Firms." Information Resources Management Journal 30, no. 3 (July 2017): 1–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/irmj.2017070101.

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For years, firms have been investing millions of dollars in information systems (IS) to gain operational and strategic benefits. However, in most cases these expected benefits have not been realized because the software development community has been plagued with the delivery of low quality and unsuccessful information systems. Duggan and Reichgelt's information systems quality model was adapted with minor modifications to explore the impact of process maturity and people on IS quality in Canadian software development firms. The study also investigated the impact of IS quality on IS success. Using PLS-Graph as the statistical tool, it was discovered that people skills and contribution had the greatest impact on IS quality and that IS quality impacted IS success. These findings are important to both IS practitioners and researchers in their desire to deliver high quality and successful information systems in Canada.

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Andersson, Martin, Anna Kusetogullari, and Joakim Wernberg. "Software development and innovation: Exploring the software shift in innovation in Swedish firms." Technological Forecasting and Social Change 167 (June 2021): 120695. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2021.120695.

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Kammani, Abdullah, Sultan Aljahdali, and Hema Date. "KM capability for software development: a case study of the Indian software firms." International Journal of Business Information Systems 12, no. 1 (2013): 44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijbis.2013.050659.

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Sarja, Jari. "Success Factors of Radical Breakthgrough ICT Projects – Comparison of Hardware and Software Cases." International Journal of Innovation 6, no. 1 (January 10, 2018): 40–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.5585/iji.v6i1.198.

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Because technology pushed product development projects are risky and failure rates are high, the success factors are valuable knowledge for the management of development-intensive firms. This paper provides a comparison of success factor weighting between hardware and software product development projects in the ICT industry improving existing success factor research. We analyze qualitatively interview data from nine intentionally selected start-up firms and identify which success factors were clearly supported by HW and SW firms, and in which area different types of firms could benchmark each other. The practical aim of this paper is that it helps management to recognize the real actions needed to reduce product development risks in HW and SW projects.

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Merikoski, Helena, Paula Savolainen, and Jarmo J. Ahonen. "Suppliers’ software development project start-up practices." International Journal of Managing Projects in Business 10, no. 4 (September 5, 2017): 880–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijmpb-10-2016-0083.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to present a life cycle phase of a software development project which is substantial for the success of the project. This paper visualizes the project start-up phase from suppliers’ perspective. Design/methodology/approach The method is a theory building from case studies. The data were collected from three software supplier firms by conducting process modeling separately in each firm. Findings The study resulted in a model of a supplier’s software project start-up which includes start-up practices and involved roles. The results indicate that project start-up is an integral and structured phase of project life cycle, which influences the execution of a software development project, especially from the supplier’s perspective in the project business context. Research limitations/implications The study focuses on the start-up phase of software development projects delivered to external customers. Therefore, developed project start-up model is applicable as such in software supplier firms. Practical implications The project start-up model presented in this paper indicates that project start-up is a complex and multi-dimensional activity in a supplier firm. This study suggests that if the project start-up phase is clearly defined, planned and followed in a supplier firm, it reduces confusion and miscommunication among the people involved in the project and helps to achieve the business goals of a project. Originality/value This study emphasizes that it is necessary to make a distinction between the perspectives of the customer and the supplier when studying projects in the project business context. The findings contribute the new knowledge for managing outsourced software development projects.

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Aman, Aini, and Brian Nicholson. "Managing Knowledge Transfer in Offshore Software Development." Journal of Global Information Management 17, no. 4 (October 2009): 55–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jgim.2009070903.

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The aim of this article is to examine the role of copresent interaction and the extent to which this can be supplanted by information and communication technology-based interaction for managing knowledge transferin distributed settings. This study draws on two case studies of small UK firms sourcing software development from India and Bangladesh. Using Nonaka and Konno’s knowledge creation theory, the role of copresent and ICT-based interactions in managing knowledge transfer is explained. The article contributes an extension of the concepts of knowledge creation theory by providing evidence of the role of copresent and ICT-based interaction for knowledge transfer in the context of offshore software development.

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Seleim, Ahmed A. S., Ahmed S. Ashour, and Omar E. M. Khalil. "Knowledge Documentation and Application in Egyptian Software Firms." Journal of Information & Knowledge Management 04, no. 01 (March 2005): 47–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219649205001043.

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Employing an in-depth qualitative analysis research method, this investigation explored knowledge documentation and application practices in 14 Egyptian software firms. Although they appear to document and apply knowledge variably, the firms generally have limited capabilities in documenting and applying their knowledge. Knowledge that is not captured and documented cannot be reused effectively. To cope with the knowledge documentation problems, the firms have adopted techniques such as having multiple developers possess the same project-related knowledge, using multiple-year appointment contracts, leveraging their emotional capital and improving loyalty. Also, the firms have no formal strategies that determine and guide knowledge application in software development, which may leave the firms with significant portions of their knowledge capital inactive. Software firms need to leverage the Egyptian culture, which is rich in social and emotional capital, and develop strategies and systems in order to tap the knowledge that is distributed, scattered and embedded within their routines and the skills of their software developers into organisational knowledge bases and active knowledge capitals.

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Wickramasinghe, Vathsala. "Knowledge sharing and service innovativeness in offshore outsourced software development firms." VINE 45, no. 1 (February 9, 2015): 2–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/vine-03-2013-0010.

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Purpose – The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of knowledge sharing on innovativeness in offshore outsourced software development firms. Design/methodology/approach – For the study, a survey methodology was used, and 408 respondents attached to offshore outsourced software development firms in Sri Lanka responded. The hypothesized relationships were examined by structural equation modelling. Findings – The analysis yielded a two-component factor structure for knowledge sharing, which were termed as knowledge sharing practices and knowledge availability. It was found that both knowledge sharing practices and knowledge availability significantly positively predict innovativeness. The study provided empirical data to support the contention that organizations should be able to timely deliver knowledge to the right user to enhance innovativeness. Practical implications – The findings suggest the importance of creating an environment conducive for software developers to share information, insight, lessons learned and effective practices. Further, organizations have to establish a mechanisms to capture and capitalise knowledge residing in employees. Originality/value – In the knowledge-intensive offshore business sectors such as software development, economic value is found more in intangibles and less in tangibles. The sharing of knowledge leads to the dissemination of innovative ideas, which could improve work processes and develop new business opportunities. Therefore, it is important to conduct research that would lead to better understand drivers that enhance the innovativeness of service offerings of firms located in developing countries when competing internationally in offshore outsourced software development.

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Sadia, Farzana, Imran Mahmud, Eva Dhar, Nusrat Jahan, Syeda Sumbul Hossain, and A. K. M. Zaidi Satter. "Dataset on the influence of software development agility on software firms' performance in Bangladesh." Data in Brief 23 (April 2019): 103741. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dib.2019.103741.

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MAC AN BHAIRD, Ciarán, and Declan CURRAN. "SECTORAL DIFFERENCES IN DETERMINANTS OF EXPORT INTENSITY." Journal of Business Economics and Management 17, no. 2 (April 8, 2016): 299–313. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/16111699.2015.1070196.

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This study investigates firm characteristic determinants of export intensity in small firms. The originality of our approach is a comparative analysis of export intensity between firms in the computer software and manufacturing sectors, using a quasi-maximum likelihood estimation to test for the correct specification of the conditional mean model. Results indicate that larger, younger firms have greater export intensity in the computer software sector than in manufacturing. Research and development expenditure is equally important for export intensity in both sectors, but patent income is not significant. Sourcing managerial advice and expertise from the national development agency is important for firms in the manufacturing industry, but not for computer software firms. It is therefore important for export promotion organisations to publicise supports, as few small firms are aware of their availability. Our findings are especially valuable for policy makers concerned with low levels of export intensity among small firms.

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Takahashi, Mita. "PROBLEMS OF SMALL AND MID-SIZED ENTERPRISES IN JAPAN’S SOFTWARE INDUSTRY." Eurasian Journal of Economics and Finance 8, no. 4 (2020): 274–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.15604/ejef.2020.08.04.007.

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This paper examines the reasons that most small and mid-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Japan’s software industry do not develop into large firms. Thousands of SMEs are informally organized under several large companies. Those SMEs have experienced difficulty developing into large firms. This industrial structure has remained for several decades. Several papers have already suggested reasons for this phenomenon, but each paper in the literature has given few reasons. This paper analyzes the issue more comprehensively. First, this article surveys the literature and determine several factors that contribute to the issue. Then, this paper demonstrates how they complicate the issue and make it difficult to solve. Finally, the paper illustrates several approaches in an effort to find solutions. The first method is introducing agile modeling and other iterative software development processes. Agile modeling adjusts design change more easily compared with other software development processes. Other iterative software development processes also adjust design change easily compared to the waterfall model. By using these processes, software engineers can avoid long overtime work, which contributes to the difficulties in securing human resource. The second method is for software firms to demand appropriate compensation for each design change. If many Japanese firms did this, overtime work would be shorter, and the working environment of SMEs would improve. Then, SMEs obtain excellent workers. This will help SMEs to grow to large firms.

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Rahmati, Pouya, Ali Tafti, Sunil Mithas, and Vishal Sachdev. "How Does the Positioning of Information Technology Firms in Strategic Alliances Influence Returns to R&D Investments?" Journal of the Association for Information Systems 22, no. 2 (2021): 383–417. http://dx.doi.org/10.17705/1jais.00666.

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Because software is fungible, has low marginal replication costs, and requires relatively high levels of initial investment to develop, understanding how IT-producing firms protect and leverage value from their research and development (R&D) investments is important. We examine how the positioning of IT-producing firms within their networks of strategic alliances moderates profits from R&D investments. We posit that alliances with IT-consuming firms generate relation-specific rents that, in turn, protect the value of R&D investments by making software innovations difficult for rivals to appropriate. Among IT-producing firms, we make a distinction between software consulting and services firms and software package-product firms. Our analyses of 464 IT-producing firms for the 14-year period 1996-2009 suggest that IT-producing firms’ returns on R&D investments increase with alliance ties to IT-consuming firms. We also find that alliances with IT-consuming firms have a more beneficial effect on R&D investment returns for software consulting and services firms than for software package-product firms. Our findings yield nuanced insights into how IT-producing firms should position themselves within a network of alliances with IT-consuming firms. We discuss implications for research and practice.

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Mathrani, Anuradha, and Sanjay Mathrani. "Work Practices to Curb Attrition in the Indian Hi-Tech Software Development Industry." International Journal of Human Capital and Information Technology Professionals 2, no. 3 (July 2011): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jhcitp.2011070101.

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Whilst collaborative knowledge work is gaining momentum across national borders, there are a number of issues associated with management of human resources creating this knowledge. This is especially relevant where IT professionals learn to apply present and prior work contexts together over ICT tools. But the tenure of IT professionals is often limited, leading to loss of specialist skills and continuity of knowledge flow. Indian firms have recognised the importance of human capital as a vital knowledge resource and are making efforts to reduce attrition. This paper sheds light on how hi-tech software firms overcome the challenges associated with the high attrition of IT professionals, and provides new insights on emerging practices for retaining and motivating the agents. Findings reveal that agents have the power to bring about transformation in organisational practices. New organisational routines for retaining professionals have been implemented to motivate professionals and capture contextual knowledge into project repositories. This reduces dependency of IT firms on individuals. The study illustrates empirically the dualism between IT professionals and organisational work structures for enabling each other in knowledge industries.

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Zhang, Ying, Farhad Ali, Kunhao Wang, Shah Nazir, and Zeqi Leng. "Utilizing Virtual Crowd for Global Software Development." Scientific Programming 2021 (July 15, 2021): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/2259594.

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Software firms are interested in outsourcing and developing of software globally to the virtual crowd for minimizing the product cost and for increasing the software quality. Developments in information technology (IT) have changed the organizational working environment from centralized to disperse development working practices. As a result, companies have recognized the value of virtual world networks that offer benefits such as efficient time management, lower cost of growth, reduced travel costs, and access to larger competent team members to select the right skilled individual. With the wide spread of Web 3.0 applications and improvements in cloud computation technologies, multinational, multiskilled, and diverse crowds carry out the software developmental process. The aim of this research is to select the effective virtual crowd for the development of quality software. The proposed “characteristic-based virtual crowd selection (CBVCS)” method will select the crowd according to their unique characteristics such as their skills, experiences, expertise, and knowledge.

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Mišovič, Milan. "Registration of an enterprise information system development by formal specifications." Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 54, no. 6 (2006): 125–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun200654060125.

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The economical view from the Enterprise process sets ERP, SCM, CRM, BI, … to a functionality and Enterprise Information System structure by informaticians is demonstrable reality. A comprehensive Enterprise Information System software solution, that respects the mentioned economical platform by large software firms, has got required attributes of a data, process and communication integrity but there is not financially sustainable for small enterprises. These enterprises are predominantly oriented to progressive computerization of enterprise processes and rather gradually buy application packages for individual process sets. Large and small software firms provide needed partial solutions, nevertheless small firms solutions are connected with the data, process and communication disintegration. Since the compatibility requirement is not generally accepted, finding of an EAI solution have become one of the main System Integration tasks. This article provides one specific style for a complex or partial Enterprise Information System solution. This solution is founded on formal and descriptive specifications that can sustain required data, process and communication integration among packages of applications. As a result, this style provides the new view for the effectiveness of the associated process of information modeling.

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Chevers, Delroy A., and Gerald Grant. "Software Process Improvement Adoption and Benefits in Canadian and English-Speaking Caribbean Software Development Firms." Electronic Journal of Information Systems in Developing Countries 77, no. 1 (November 2016): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.1681-4835.2016.tb00567.x.

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Wren, Jody, and Mika Gabrielsson. "The early development of Born Global firms in the software industry." International Journal of Technology Transfer and Commercialisation 10, no. 3/4 (2011): 332. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijttc.2011.040894.

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Igel, Barbara, and Nazrul Islam. "Strategies for service and market development of entrepreneurial software designing firms." Technovation 21, no. 3 (March 2001): 157–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0166-4972(00)00043-2.

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McNaughton, Rod. "American Software Firms in Europe: Acquire, Invest or Partner?" Journal of Euromarketing 10, no. 1 (March 15, 2001): 49–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j037v10n01_04.

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Riain, Seán Ó. "An Offshore Silicon Valley? The Emerging Irish Software Industry." Competition & Change 2, no. 2 (June 1997): 175–212. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/102452949700200202.

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This paper assesses the development potential of local inter-firm networks in Newly Industrializing Countries. This is done through an analysis of the role of such networks in the growth of the software industry in the Republic of Ireland. Transnational software companies located in Ireland developed extensive local supply networks. Local social networks and a local culture of innovation contributed to the growth of an indigenous software development sector. While local networks can generate significant competitive advantage for a region they are inevitably internationalized as successful firms organize globally or as the region attracts further foreign investment. Corporations utilize local networks to solve problems of cost, control and innovation management in the globalization of production and corporate organization. While fostering local networks can be an effective public policy, it is not sufficient for development. The role of the state in supporting, guiding and bargaining with local firms in these networks remains a crucial aspect of development strategy.

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Rose, Jeremy, and Brent Furneaux. "Innovation Drivers and Outputs for Software Firms: Literature Review and Concept Development." Advances in Software Engineering 2016 (April 10, 2016): 1–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/5126069.

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Software innovation, the ability to produce novel and useful software systems, is an important capability for software development organizations and information system developers alike. However, the software development literature has traditionally focused on automation and efficiency while the innovation literature has given relatively little consideration to the software development context. As a result, there is a gap in our understanding of how software product and process innovation can be managed. Specifically, little attention has been directed toward synthesizing prior learning or providing an integrative perspective on the key concepts and focus of software innovation research. We therefore identify 93 journal articles and conference papers within the domain of software innovation and analyse repeating patterns in this literature using content analysis and causal mapping. We identify drivers and outputs for software innovation and develop an integrated theory-oriented concept map. We then discuss the implications of this map for future research.

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Ojha, Abhoy K. "‘Trust’ as a Foundation for Strategic Alliances in Global Software Outsourcing." Vikalpa: The Journal for Decision Makers 27, no. 2 (April 2002): 3–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0256090920020202.

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Indian software firms are involved in a variety of relationships with international organizations that have opted for global software outsourcing. Most firms, if not all, started as vendors on short-term contracts and many of them are at various stages of becoming strategic partners with their long-term clients. Uncertainty is inherent in these arrangements, and trust is an essential ingredient at each stage of maturity in the development of such relationships. This paper provides some guidelines for Indian software firms on how to build trust to move from short-term contractual relationships to long-term strategic alliances.

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Ulhas, Khire Rushikesh, Jung-Yu Lai, and Juite Wang. "Impacts of collaborative IS on software development project success in Indian software firms: a service perspective." Information Systems and e-Business Management 14, no. 2 (June 3, 2015): 315–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10257-015-0285-4.

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Mocciaro Li Destri, Arabella, and Giovanna Lo Nigro. "The relationship between institutions and value creation in software development models." European Journal of Management and Business Economics 27, no. 2 (July 2, 2018): 155–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ejmbe-09-2017-0016.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyse the possibility for firms to consider institutional settings to systematically direct dispersed individual efforts of discovery and invention towards objects (products or processes) of their interest in order to enhance their value creation capacity. Design/methodology/approach The authors conduct a comparative analysis of the different institutional settings within which software products are invented and produced – closed producer-centred model, open user-centred model, and hybrid interactive producer-user model. Findings The authors draw indications regarding the possibility to design institutional settings for value creation and the potential pitfalls tied to these strategic tools. Originality/value A theoretical framework is elaborated in order to understand the different ways in which institutional contexts influence and direct value creation processes. The model analysed shows the firms’ deliberate attempt to stimulate a dynamic process of social interaction and communication which may foster higher levels of creativity and innovation. In order to guarantee the necessary accessibility and to sufficiently motivate external programmers towards the perception of a new code, the firm has to surrender the traditional source through which it appropriates value: barriers to the accessibility of the code developed through IPRs. The adoption of an institutional setting which facilitates dynamic value creation processes suggests, therefore, the need to turn to dynamic mechanisms for value appropriation in parallel.

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Almeida, Rita K., Ana M. Fernandes, and Mariana Viollaz. "Software Adoption, Employment Composition, and the Skill Content of Occupations in Chilean Firms." Journal of Development Studies 56, no. 1 (December 10, 2018): 169–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00220388.2018.1546847.

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Rodríguez Montequín, Vicente, César Álvarez Pérez, Francisco Ortega Fernández, and Joaquín Villanueva Balsera. "Scorecard and KPIs for monitoring software factories effectiveness in the financial sector." International Journal of Information Systems and Project Management 1, no. 3 (February 18, 2022): 29–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.12821/ijispm010302.

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Financial corporations and especially banking institutions have important needs concerning to the development of software around their business core. The software, that traditionally had been developed in house by the IT departments, is now usually outsourced to IT firms. These firms work under the software factories model. An important feature within this sector is that usually the financial groups keep the ownership of these firms because the strategic value of the software for the core business. These firms work almost exclusively for the owner financial group developing their software, but they have to demonstrate that they are so profitable and competitive like any other firm. The organizational structure of these firms has some differential features. Top level tasks (software design and project management) are usually performed by the IT firm but the development is usually subcontracted to other software companies. Although financial corporations have always paid a special interest to investing in management and organizational policies to improve their efficiency, there have being always an important lack regarding to the control and monitoring of the software projects. They do not have suitable tools for monitoring actual process effectiveness. Adapting scorecards to this environment could be a useful tool for monitoring and improvement the process. Scorecard could here be used both as a tool for internal effectiveness measurement as well as externally, presenting sustainabilityindicators for the shareholders, the financial institutions. This paper aims to identify and define a collection of Key Performance Indicators which permit effectiveness to be improved under this context, focusing in the specific supplychain model given by owner (financial group), software factory and software developers (subcontracted).

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Tahir, Muhammad. "ANALYSIS OF REWARD PRACTICES AND THEIR INFLUENCE ON EMPLOYEE ENGAGEMENT AMONG SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT FIRMS IN PAKISTAN." International Journal of Management & Entrepreneurship Research 1, no. 3 (June 21, 2020): 140–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.51594/ijmer.v1i3.19.

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The current study is based on investigation of current reward practices of the software development firms in Pakistan, employee’s preference for different type of reward offered, and influence of reward practices on employee’s work engagement. The design of the study is cross-sectional and explanatory, and it is based on quantitative approach and survey method. Primary data is collected from staff of 10 selected software development firms located in the city of Islamabad (n=160). Our results indicate that in monetary reward category, employees prefer reward such as enough payments, overtime payments, and transportation allowances which are not adequately provided by the employers. Similarly, in non-monetary reward category, employees prefer reward such as social security, and appreciation and recognition which are not adequately addressed by the employers. Furthermore, results indicate that both monetary reward as well as non-monetary reward has positive and significant effects on employee engagement. Both type of reward explains 66.9% change in the employee engagement level. Our results imply that software development firms in Pakistan should review their reward practices and give attention to both type of reward.

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Carter, Richard B., and Troy J. Strader. "Software Firm Cost Structure and Its Impact on IPOs in the E-Commerce Era." International Journal of E-Business Research 6, no. 1 (January 2010): 19–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jebr.2010100902.

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The first decade of the e-commerce era saw an increase in activity in the software development industries as new firms were created and existing firms made acquisitions. Many firms pursued a growth strategy and this growth required capital that was often obtained through an initial public offering (IPO) of equity. Software firm cost structures are very different from traditional physical goods firms because their marginal costs are much lower, but what is not known is whether this affects their financing strategies. In this study we compare software firm and traditional firm IPOs using data from 780 IPOs offered during the late dot-com era (1998-2002) to identify differences in firm and offer characteristics, investment risk, initial returns, and underwriting activity. We find that the characteristics and performance of software firm IPOs are significantly different from IPOs offered by raditional firms during this time period providing supporting for our conclusion that firm cost structure should be considered when analyzing IPOs and other strategic issues.

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Kirpitsas, Ioannis K., and Theodore P. Pachidis. "Evolution towards Hybrid Software Development Methods and Information Systems Audit Challenges." Software 1, no. 3 (August 24, 2022): 316–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/software1030015.

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The key objective of this paper is to investigate the evolution of hybrid software development methods and highlight the main difficulties that arise with regard to information systems (IS) auditing. While technology firms today are under constant pressure to deliver software faster due to emerging needs worldwide, this continuous effort leads to innovative development models, apparently driven by practice. Since modern software development is neither pure linear phases progression nor agile, a challenge arises with regards to selecting the appropriate combination of approaches that serve to reach goals and assure value creation for organizations.

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Kohashi, Reika, and Sam Kurokawa. "New product development and creativity management in Japanese video gaming software firms." International Journal of Technology Management 30, no. 3/4 (2005): 365. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijtm.2005.006712.

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Fink, Lior, Simon Wyss, and Yossi Lichtenstein. "Aligning flexibility with uncertainty in software development arrangements through a contractual typology." Journal of Global Operations and Strategic Sourcing 11, no. 1 (February 19, 2018): 2–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jgoss-11-2016-0033.

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Purpose The purpose of this study is to identify a typology of procurement contracts in the context of software development projects that allows firms to align design flexibility with design uncertainty at the project level. The theoretical lenses of contract theory and software engineering are used to explain why the five archetypes in the proposed typology provide gradually increasing levels of design flexibility and to develop hypotheses about the associations between design flexibility and a set of project cost dimensions. Design/methodology/approach The hypotheses are tested with objective contractual data from 270 software development contracts entered into by a leading international bank over a period of three years. Findings Data analysis confirms the existence of the proposed typology and shows that design flexibility is negatively associated with control and positively associated with coordination, trust, duration and price. Research limitations/implications Although the findings are based on the contracting practices of a single, albeit sophisticated, organization, they shed light on the ability of firms to align flexibility with uncertainty at the onset of new projects by taking advantage of nuanced contractual mechanisms to produce a broader set of contractual archetypes. Originality/value This paper is the first in the outsourcing literature to analyze a nuanced contractual typology in software development projects through the perspectives of both contract theory and software engineering.

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Grant, Gerald G., and Delroy A. Chevers. "Developers' views on the adoption and benefits of software process improvement programs in Canadian software development firms." International Journal of Business Information Systems 32, no. 2 (2019): 238. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijbis.2019.10024674.

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Chevers, Delroy A., and Gerald G. Grant. "Developers' views on the adoption and benefits of software process improvement programs in Canadian software development firms." International Journal of Business Information Systems 32, no. 2 (2019): 238. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijbis.2019.103077.

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Lee, Jung-Chieh, and Chung-Yang Chen. "The Moderator of Innovation Culture and the Mediator of Realized Absorptive Capacity in Enhancing Organizations' Absorptive Capacity for SPI Success." Journal of Global Information Management 27, no. 4 (October 2019): 70–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jgim.2019100104.

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Software process improvement (SPI) is critical to information system development. In the context of successful SPI, this research focuses on a firm's dynamic learning ability to see how it facilitates an effective means of acquiring and utilizing external SPI knowledge in responding to changing software development environments. Specifically, the authors propose a research model to investigate how two mechanisms of absorptive capacity are incorporated with innovation culture as a contextual factor to enable successful software process improvement. A survey was conducted including 125 SPI certified firms in China and Taiwan to examine the model. The findings indicate that a firm's potential absorptive capacity significantly influences realized absorptive capacity, which has a significant impact on SPI success and acts as a partial mediator between potential absorptive capacity and SPI success. Moreover, the results suggest that the mediating effect of potential absorptive capacity on SPI success via realized absorptive capacity is amplified when innovation culture is imposed.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Software development firms'

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