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Journal articles on the topic 'Soft matter rheology'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 25 May 2024

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1

Hyun, Kyu, Won Bo Lee, and Myung-Suk Chun. "Soft matter rheology: Theory and experiments." Korea-Australia Rheology Journal 26, no. 1 (February 2014): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13367-014-0001-9.

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2

Chen, Daniel T. N., Qi Wen, Paul A. Janmey, John C. Crocker, and Arjun G. Yodh. "Rheology of Soft Materials." Annual Review of Condensed Matter Physics 1, no. 1 (August 10, 2010): 301–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-conmatphys-070909-104120.

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3

Stokes, Jason R., and William J. Frith. "Rheology of gelling and yielding soft matter systems." Soft Matter 4, no. 6 (2008): 1133. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/b719677f.

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4

Nelson, Arif Z. "The Soft Matter Kitchen: Improving the accessibility of rheology education and outreach through food materials." Physics of Fluids 34, no. 3 (March 2022): 031801. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0083887.

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Foods can serve as a universal route for the understanding and appreciation of rheologically complex materials. The Soft Matter Kitchen is an educational outreach project started during the COVID-19 pandemic that leverages food recipes and experiments that can be carried out at home to discuss concepts in soft matter and rheology. This educational article showcases two representative outreach demonstrations developed by The Soft Matter Kitchen with detailed instructions for reproduction by a presenter. The first demonstration introduces the concept of complex materials to clarify the definition of rheology by comparing the flow behavior of whipped cream and honey. The second demonstration introduces the concept of material microstructure affecting material properties and macroscale behavior using a simple experiment with cheesecake. By grounding the presentation of this knowledge in food materials with which the audience likely already has experience, the goals of this project are to accelerate the understanding of rheological concepts, increase awareness of rheology in everyday life, and promote the development of intuition for rheologically complex materials.

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5

Orihara, Hiroshi. "Nonequilibrium Structure and Fluctuation of Soft Matter under Shear Flow." Nihon Reoroji Gakkaishi 45, no. 5 (2017): 197–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1678/rheology.45.197.

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6

Doi, Masao. "Theoretical Study of Soft Matter Rheology and Contribution to Education and Promotion of Rheology." Nihon Reoroji Gakkaishi 42, no. 5 (2015): 267–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1678/rheology.42.267.

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7

Aime, S., and L. Cipelletti. "Probing shear-induced rearrangements in Fourier space. I. Dynamic light scattering." Soft Matter 15, no. 2 (2019): 200–212. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8sm01563e.

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8

Aime, S., and L. Cipelletti. "Probing shear-induced rearrangements in Fourier space. II. Differential dynamic microscopy." Soft Matter 15, no. 2 (2019): 213–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8sm01564c.

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9

Wang, Shi-Qing. "Correction: Nonlinear rheology of entangled polymers at turning point." Soft Matter 13, no. 29 (2017): 5083. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7sm90111a.

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10

Wang, Shi-Qing. "Correction: Nonlinear rheology of entangled polymers at turning point." Soft Matter 11, no. 8 (2015): 1646. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5sm90023a.

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11

Golde, Tom, Martin Glaser, Cary Tutmarc, Iman Elbalasy, Constantin Huster, Gaizka Busteros, David M. Smith, Harald Herrmann, Josef A. Käs, and Jörg Schnauß. "Correction: The role of stickiness in the rheology of semiflexible polymers." Soft Matter 15, no. 40 (2019): 8184. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9sm90200g.

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12

Oshmyan, Victor G., Stanislav A. Patlazhan, and Alexei R. Khokhlov. "Linear rheology of compressible soft nanocomposites." Rheologica Acta 47, no. 4 (April 4, 2008): 359–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00397-008-0270-7.

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13

Foglino, M., A. N. Morozov, and D. Marenduzzo. "Rheology and microrheology of deformable droplet suspensions." Soft Matter 14, no. 46 (2018): 9361–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8sm01669k.

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14

Barés, Jonathan, Manuel Cárdenas-Barrantes, David Cantor, Mathieu Renouf, and Émilien Azéma. "Softer than soft: Diving into squishy granular matter." Papers in Physics 14 (May 28, 2022): 140009. http://dx.doi.org/10.4279/pip.140009.

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Softer than soft, squishy granular matter is composed of grains capable of significantly changing their shape (typically a deformation larger than 10%) without tearing or breaking. Because of the difficulty to test these materials experimentally and numerically, such a family of discrete systems remains largely ignored in the granular matter physics field despite being commonly found in nature and industry. Either from a numerical, experimental, or analytical point of view, the study of highly deformable granular matter involves several challenges covering, for instance: (i) the need to include a large diversity of grain rheology, (ii) the need to consider large material deformations, and (iii) analysis of the effects of large body distortion on the global scale. In this article, we propose a thorough definition of these squishy granular systems and we summarize the upcoming challenges in their study.

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15

Doi, Masao. "Theoretical Study of the Rheology of Soft Materials." Nihon Reoroji Gakkaishi 32, no. 1 (2004): 11–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1678/rheology.32.11.

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16

Bandyopadhyay, Ranjini, Dennis Liang, James L. Harden, and Robert L. Leheny. "Slow dynamics, aging, and glassy rheology in soft and living matter." Solid State Communications 139, no. 11-12 (September 2006): 589–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ssc.2006.06.023.

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17

Kim, Jiho, and Alison C. Dunn. "Generalized rate-and-state model linking rheology and soft matter tribology." Extreme Mechanics Letters 41 (November 2020): 101013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eml.2020.101013.

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18

Liu, Iris B., Nima Sharifi-Mood, and Kathleen J. Stebe. "Curvature-driven assembly in soft matter." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 374, no. 2072 (July 28, 2016): 20150133. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2015.0133.

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Control over the spatial arrangement of colloids in soft matter hosts implies control over a wide variety of properties, ranging from the system’s rheology, optics, and catalytic activity. In directed assembly, colloids are typically manipulated using external fields to form well-defined structures at given locations. We have been developing alternative strategies based on fields that arise when a colloid is placed within soft matter to form an inclusion that generates a potential field. Such potential fields allow particles to interact with each other. If the soft matter host is deformed in some way, the potential allows the particles to interact with the global system distortion. One important example is capillary assembly of colloids on curved fluid interfaces. Upon attaching, the particle distorts that interface, with an associated energy field, given by the product of its interfacial area and the surface tension. The particle’s capillary energy depends on the local interface curvature. We explore this coupling in experiment and theory. There are important analogies in liquid crystals. Colloids in liquid crystals elicit an elastic energy response. When director fields are moulded by confinement, the imposed elastic energy field can couple to that of the colloid to define particle paths and sites for assembly. By improving our understanding of these and related systems, we seek to develop new, parallelizable routes for particle assembly to form reconfigurable systems in soft matter that go far beyond the usual close-packed colloidal structures. This article is part of the themed issue ‘Soft interfacial materials: from fundamentals to formulation’.

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19

Cuny, Nicolas, Eric Bertin, and Romain Mari. "Dynamics of microstructure anisotropy and rheology of soft jammed suspensions." Soft Matter 18, no. 2 (2022): 328–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1sm01345a.

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We explore the rheology predicted by a recently proposed constitutive model for jammed suspensions of soft elastic particles derived from particle-level dynamics [Cuny et al., Phys. Rev. Lett., 2021, 127, 218003].

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20

Uneyama, Takashi. "Linear Viscoelasticity of Dumbbells Interacting via Gaussian Soft-Core Potential." Nihon Reoroji Gakkaishi 49, no. 2 (April 15, 2021): 61–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1678/rheology.49.61.

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21

van der Vaart, K., Yasser Rahmani, Rojman Zargar, Zhibing Hu, Daniel Bonn, and Peter Schall. "Rheology of concentrated soft and hard-sphere suspensions." Journal of Rheology 57, no. 4 (July 2013): 1195–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.1122/1.4808054.

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22

Nalam, Prathima C., Nitya N. Gosvami, Matthew A. Caporizzo, Russell J. Composto, and Robert W. Carpick. "Nano-rheology of hydrogels using direct drive force modulation atomic force microscopy." Soft Matter 11, no. 41 (2015): 8165–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5sm01143d.

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A quantitative and novel nanoscale viscoelastic spectroscopy tool for soft matter was developed. The study highlights the transition in the probe–material contact mechanical behavior of hydrogels especially when the applied strain rates and the material relaxation become comparable.

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23

Shikata, Toshiyuki. "Studies of Structure and Viscoelasticity of Soft Matter Formed by Non-Covalent Bonding and Molecular Dynamics at Extremely High Frequencies." Nihon Reoroji Gakkaishi 42, no. 5 (2015): 271–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1678/rheology.42.271.

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24

Noro, Atsushi. "Design and Viscoelasticity Control of Supramolecular Soft Materials Bearing Noncovalent Cross-Links." Nihon Reoroji Gakkaishi 43, no. 5 (2016): 125–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1678/rheology.43.125.

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25

Khabaz, Fardin, Michel Cloitre, and Roger T. Bonnecaze. "Particle dynamics predicts shear rheology of soft particle glasses." Journal of Rheology 64, no. 2 (March 2020): 459–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1122/1.5129671.

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26

Choudhury, Snehashis, Gaojin Li, Rohit R. Singh, Alexander Warren, Xiaotun Liu, and Lynden A. Archer. "Structure, Rheology, and Electrokinetics of Soft Colloidal Suspension Electrolytes." Langmuir 36, no. 31 (July 13, 2020): 9047–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c00577.

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27

Gillies, Graeme. "Predictions of the shear modulus of cheese, a soft matter approach." Applied Rheology 29, no. 1 (January 1, 2019): 58–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/arh-2019-0006.

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Abstract The rheological and structural properties of cheese govern many physical processes associated with cheese such as slumping, slicing and melting. To date there is no quantitative model that predicts shear modulus, viscosity or any other rheological property across the entire range of cheeses; only empirical fits that interpolate existing data. A lack of a comprehensive model is in part due to the many variables that can affect rheology such as salt, pH, calcium levels, protein to moisture ratio, age and temperature. By modelling the casein matrix as a series core-shell nano particles assembled from calcium and protein these variables can be reduced onto a simpler two-dimensional format consisting of attraction and equivalent hard sphere volume fraction. Approximating the interaction between core-shell nano particles with a Mie potential enables numerical predictions of shear moduli. More qualitatively, this two-dimensional picture can be applied quite broadly and captures the viscoelastic behaviour of soft and hard cheeses as well as their melting phenomena.

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28

Göttler, Chantal, Guillermo Amador, Thomas van de Kamp, Marcus Zuber, Lisa Böhler, Roland Siegwart, and Metin Sitti. "Fluid mechanics and rheology of the jumping spider body fluid." Soft Matter 17, no. 22 (2021): 5532–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1sm00338k.

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We studied the flow and physical properties of the hydraulic body fluid of spiders. Our results suggest that this fluid, which drives leg extension, is shear-thinning. This interesting characteristic could inspire hydraulic systems for soft-robotics.

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29

Urakawa, Ryuichi, Akira Mochizuki, and Masaoki Takahashi. "Thermal and Rheological Characterization of Polyurethanes and Their Blends Having Different Soft Segment Length." Nihon Reoroji Gakkaishi 30, no. 3 (2002): 141–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1678/rheology.30.141.

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30

Ikeda, Atsushi, Ludovic Berthier, and Peter Sollich. "Disentangling glass and jamming physics in the rheology of soft materials." Soft Matter 9, no. 32 (2013): 7669. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c3sm50503k.

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31

Kaneda, Isamu. "The Yield Stress of a Soft and Water Swellable Microgel Aqueous Suspension in Semi-Dilute Regime." Nihon Reoroji Gakkaishi 34, no. 2 (2006): 77–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1678/rheology.34.77.

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32

Uneyama, Takashi. "Coarse-Grained Brownian Dynamics Simulations for Symmetric Diblock Copolymer Melts Based on the Soft Dumbbell Model." Nihon Reoroji Gakkaishi 37, no. 2 (2009): 81–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1678/rheology.37.81.

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33

Donley, Gavin J., Minaspi Bantawa, and Emanuela Del Gado. "Time-resolved microstructural changes in large amplitude oscillatory shear of model single and double component soft gels." Journal of Rheology 66, no. 6 (November 2022): 1287–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1122/8.0000486.

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Soft particulate gels can reversibly yield when sufficient deformation is applied, and the characteristics of this transition can be enhanced or limited by designing hybrid hydrogel composites. While the microscopic dynamics and macroscopic rheology of these systems have been studied separately in detail, the development of direct connections between the two has been difficult, particularly with regard to the nonlinear rheology. To bridge this gap, we perform a series of large amplitude oscillatory shear (LAOS) numerical measurements on model soft particulate gels at different volume fractions using coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations. We first study a particulate network with local bending stiffness and then we combine it with a second component that can provide additional cross-linking to obtain two-component networks. Through the sequence of physical processes (SPP) framework, we define time-resolved dynamic moduli, and by tracking the changes in these moduli through the period, we can distinguish transitions in the material behavior as a function of time. This approach helps us establish the microscopic origin of the nonlinear rheology by connecting the changes in dynamic moduli to the corresponding microstructural changes during the deformation including the nonaffine displacement of particles, and the breakage, formation, and orientation of bonds.

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34

Carrier, Vincent, and George Petekidis. "Nonlinear rheology of colloidal glasses of soft thermosensitive microgel particles." Journal of Rheology 53, no. 2 (March 2009): 245–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1122/1.3045803.

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35

Ehrburger-Dolle, Françoise, Isabelle Morfin, Françoise Bley, Frédéric Livet, Gert Heinrich, Luc Piché, and Mark Sutton. "Experimental clues of soft glassy rheology in strained filled elastomers." Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics 52, no. 9 (February 27, 2014): 647–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/polb.23463.

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36

Nourian, Pouria, Rafikul Islam, and Rajesh Khare. "Implementation of active probe rheology simulation technique for determining the viscoelastic moduli of soft matter." Journal of Rheology 65, no. 4 (July 2021): 617–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1122/8.0000071.

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37

Tomar, P. "Material energy balance at articular cartilage: Bio-tribology." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1254, no. 1 (September 1, 2022): 012042. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1254/1/012042.

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Abstract The synergy of heterogeneous macromolecules at the cartilage-cartilage tribological interface prevents friction under quasi-static mechanical loading. Viscoelastic rheology of soft biological membrane materials, hydration lubrication, and biomechanical diffusion integrate boundary lubrication at the superficial zone. Synchronization of mechanical efficiency is viable in alignment with mechanical work, energy expenditure, and reducing oxidative stress of environmental load in urban areas. Carbon nanoparticle’s evolution from anthropogenic activities inversely influence the quality of fuel oxidation. Anisotropic fibrous honeycomb structure panel is included for trapping random environmental carbon nanoparticles/particulate matter for favourable environmental indicators.

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38

Merola, Maria Consiglia, Daniele Parisi, Domenico Truzzolillo, Dimitris Vlassopoulos, Vishnu D. Deepak, and Mario Gauthier. "Asymmetric soft-hard colloidal mixtures: Osmotic effects, glassy states and rheology." Journal of Rheology 62, no. 1 (January 2018): 63–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1122/1.5009192.

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39

Fielding, Suzanne M. "Elastoviscoplastic rheology and aging in a simplified soft glassy constitutive model." Journal of Rheology 64, no. 3 (May 2020): 723–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1122/1.5140465.

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40

McCauley, Patrick J., Christine Huang, Lionel Porcar, Satish Kumar, and Michelle A. Calabrese. "Evolution of flow reversal and flow heterogeneities in high elasticity wormlike micelles (WLMs) with a yield stress." Journal of Rheology 67, no. 3 (May 2023): 661–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1122/8.0000535.

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The formation and evolution of a heterogeneous flow and flow reversal are examined in highly elastic, gel-like wormlike micelles (WLMs) formed from an amphiphilic triblock poloxamer P234 in 2M NaCl. A combination of linear viscoelastic, steady shear, and creep rheology demonstrate that these WLMs have a yield stress and exhibit viscoelastic aging, similar to some soft glassy materials. Nonlinear shear rheology and rheoparticle tracking velocimetry reveal that these poloxamer WLMs undergo a period of strong elastic recoil and flow reversal after the onset of shear startup. As flow reversal subsides, a fluidized high shear rate region and a nearly immobile low shear rate region of fluid form, accompanied by wall slip and elastic instabilities. The features of this flow heterogeneity are reminiscent of those for aging yield stress fluids, where the heterogeneous flow forms during the initial stress overshoot and is sensitive to the inherent stress gradient of the flow geometry. Additionally, macroscopic bands that form transiently above a critical shear rate become “trapped” due to viscoelastic aging in the nearly immobile region. This early onset of the heterogeneous flow during the rapidly decreasing portion of the stress overshoot differs from that typically observed in shear banding WLMs and is proposed to be necessary for observing significant flow reversal. Exploring the early-time, transient behavior of this WLM gel with rheology similar to both WLM solutions and soft glassy materials provides new insights into spatially heterogeneous flows in both of these complex fluids.

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41

Gaikwad, Harshad Sanjay, and Pranab Kumar Mondal. "Rheology modulated high electrochemomechanical energy conversion in soft narrow-fluidic channel." Journal of Non-Newtonian Fluid Mechanics 285 (November 2020): 104381. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnnfm.2020.104381.

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42

Bharati, Avanish, Steven D. Hudson, and Katie M. Weigandt. "Poiseuille and extensional flow small-angle scattering for developing structure–rheology relationships in soft matter systems." Current Opinion in Colloid & Interface Science 42 (August 2019): 137–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cocis.2019.07.001.

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43

Cui, Kunpeng, and Jian Ping Gong. "How double dynamics affects the large deformation and fracture behaviors of soft materials." Journal of Rheology 66, no. 6 (November 1, 2022): 1093–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1122/8.0000438.

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Numerous mechanically strong and tough soft materials comprising of polymer networks have been developed over the last two decades, motivated by new high-tech applications in engineering and bio-related fields. These materials are characterized by their dynamic complexities and large deformation behaviors. In this Review, we focus on how chain dynamics affects the large deformation and fracture behaviors of soft materials. To favor readers without a rheology background, first we review the linear rheology behaviors of several simple networks. We show that, by playing with the physical entanglement, chemical cross-linking, and physical association of the building polymers, a very rich panel of dynamic responses can be obtained. Then, we show examples of how chain dynamics affects the deformation and fracture behaviors of dually cross-linked hydrogels having chemical cross-linkers and physical bonds. We also provide examples on the unique deformation behavior of physical double-network gels made from triblock polymers. Thereafter, examples of the influence of chain dynamics on the crack initiation and growth behaviors are presented. We show that even for chemically cross-linked double-network hydrogels that exhibit elastic behaviors in a common deformation window, the chain dynamics influences the damage zone size at the crack tip. Finally, we conclude this Review by proposing several directions for future research.

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44

Corker, Andrew, Henry C. H. Ng, Robert J. Poole, and Esther García-Tuñón. "3D printing with 2D colloids: designing rheology protocols to predict ‘printability’ of soft-materials." Soft Matter 15, no. 6 (2019): 1444–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8sm01936c.

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45

Shim, Yul Hui, Piyush K. Singh, and Simon A. Rogers. "Unified interpretation of MAOS responses via experimentally decomposed material functions." Journal of Rheology 67, no. 6 (October 3, 2023): 1141–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1122/8.0000702.

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Oscillatory shear testing, used to characterize the viscoelastic response of soft materials, is often divided into small, medium, and large amplitude oscillatory shear (SAOS, MAOS, and LAOS) regions. SAOS is a common test that gives us a unified analysis and interpretation of linear viscoelastic behavior, whereas understanding MAOS and LAOS is still an active area of research. While numerous mathematical techniques have been proposed, a consensus interpretation is still missing. Recently, our understanding of nonlinear behavior in the LAOS regime has been developed using iterative recovery tests. Recovery rheology decomposes the strain into two components, allowing an unambiguous interpretation of the nonlinear behavior in terms of sequences of recoverable and unrecoverable processes. In this work, we revisit the MAOS material functions for polyvinyl alcohol-borax hydrogel and worm-like micelles using recovery rheology. We show that two mathematical formalisms, the Chebyshev and sequence of physical processes analyses, provide competing physical interpretations when they are derived from the total strain, but provide unified interpretations when describing the decomposed strains. We, therefore, show that what has often been treated as a mathematical problem can instead be solved experimentally by acknowledging the extra information provided by recovery rheology.

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46

Ghosh, Ashesh, Gaurav Chaudhary, Jin Gu Kang, Paul V. Braun, Randy H. Ewoldt, and Kenneth S. Schweizer. "Linear and nonlinear rheology and structural relaxation in dense glassy and jammed soft repulsive pNIPAM microgel suspensions." Soft Matter 15, no. 5 (2019): 1038–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8sm02014k.

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We present an integrated experimental and quantitative theoretical study of the mechanics of self-crosslinked, slightly charged, repulsive pNIPAM microgel suspensions over a very wide range of concentrations that span the fluid, glassy and putative “soft jammed” regimes.

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47

Montessori, A., A. Tiribocchi, F. Bonaccorso, M. Lauricella, and S. Succi. "Lattice Boltzmann simulations capture the multiscale physics of soft flowing crystals." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 378, no. 2175 (June 22, 2020): 20190406. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2019.0406.

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The study of the underlying physics of soft flowing materials depends heavily on numerical simulations, due to the complex structure of the governing equations reflecting the competition of concurrent mechanisms acting at widely disparate scales in space and time. A full-scale computational modelling remains a formidable challenge since it amounts to simultaneously handling six or more spatial decades in space and twice as many in time. Coarse-grained methods often provide a viable strategy to significantly mitigate this issue, through the implementation of mesoscale supramolecular forces designed to capture the essential physics at a fraction of the computational cost of a full-detail description. Here, we review some recent advances in the design of a lattice Boltzmann mesoscale approach for soft flowing materials, inclusive of near-contact interactions (NCIs) between dynamic interfaces, as they occur in high packing-fraction soft flowing crystals. The method proves capable of capturing several aspects of the rheology of soft flowing crystals, namely, (i) a 3/2 power-law dependence of the dispersed phase flow rate on the applied pressure gradient, (ii) the structural transition between an ex-two and ex-one (bamboo) configurations with the associated drop of the flow rate, (iii) the onset of interfacial waves once NCI is sufficiently intense. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Fluid dynamics, soft matter and complex systems: recent results and new methods’.

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48

Shrivastav, Gaurav P., Nima H. Siboni, and Sabine H. L. Klapp. "Steady-state rheology and structure of soft hybrid mixtures of liquid crystals and magnetic nanoparticles." Soft Matter 16, no. 10 (2020): 2516–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9sm02080b.

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49

Getya, Dariya, and Ivan Gitsov. "Stronger Together. Poly(Styrene) Gels Reinforced by Soft Gellan Gum." Gels 8, no. 10 (September 22, 2022): 607. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/gels8100607.

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This study targets the synthesis of novel semi-interpenetrating networks and amphiphilic conetworks, where hydrophilic soft matter (Gellan Gum, GG) was combined with hydrophobic rigid poly(styrene), PSt. To achieve that, GG was chemically modified with 4-vinyl benzyl chloride to form a reactive macromonomer with multiple double bonds. These double bonds were used in a copolymerization with styrene to initially form semi-interpenetrating networks (SIPNs) where linear PSt was intertwined within the GG-PSt conetwork. The interpenetrating linear PSt and unreacted styrene were extracted over 3 consecutive days with yields 18–24%. After the extraction, the resulting conetworks (yields 76–82%) were able to swell both in organic and aqueous media. Thermo-mechanical tests (thermal gravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, and dynamic mechanical analysis) and rheology indicated that both SIPNs and conteworks had, in most cases, improved thermal and mechanical properties compared to pure poly(styrene) and pure GG gels. This crosslinking strategy proved that the reactive combination of a synthetic polymer and a bio-derived constituent would result in the formation of more sustainable materials with improved thermo-mechanical properties. The binding ability of the amphiphilic conetworks towards several organic dyes was high, showing that they could be used as potential materials in environmental clean-up.

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50

Wu, B., and S. Veerapaneni. "Electrohydrodynamics of deflated vesicles: budding, rheology and pairwise interactions." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 867 (March 21, 2019): 334–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2019.143.

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Abstract:

We develop a new boundary integral method for solving the coupled electro- and hydrodynamics of vesicle suspensions in Stokes flow. This relies on a well-conditioned boundary integral equation formulation for the leaky-dielectric model describing the electric response of the vesicles and an efficient numerical solver capable of handling highly deflated vesicles. Our method is applied to explore vesicle electrohydrodynamics in three cases. First, we study the classical prolate–oblate–prolate transition dynamics observed upon application of a uniform DC electric field. We discover that, in contrast to the squaring previously found with nearly spherical vesicles, highly deflated vesicles tend to form buds. Second, we illustrate the capabilities of the method by quantifying the electrorheology of a dilute vesicle suspension. Finally, we investigate the pairwise interactions of vesicles and find three different responses when the key parameters are varied: (i) chain formation, where they self-assemble to form a chain that is aligned along the field direction; (ii) circulatory motion, where they rotate about each other; (iii) oscillatory motion, where they form a chain but oscillate about each other. The last two are unique to vesicles and are not observed in the case of other soft particle suspensions such as drops.

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