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Journal articles on the topic 'Sodium-ion batterie'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 9 March 2023

Last updated: 25 May 2024

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1

Chou, Shulei. "Challenges and Applications of Flexible Sodium Ion Batteries." Materials Lab 1 (2022): 1–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.54227/mlab.20210001.

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Sodium-ion batteries are considered to be a future alternative to lithium-ion batteries because of their low cost and abundant resources. In recent years, the research of sodium-ion batteries in flexible energy storage systems has attracted widespread attention. However, most of the current research on flexible sodium ion batteries is mainly focused on the preparation of flexible electrode materials. In this paper, the challenges faced in the preparation of flexible electrode materials for sodium ion batteries and the evaluation of device flexibility is summarized. Several important parameters including cycle-calendar life, energy/power density, safety, flexible, biocompatibility and multifunctional intergration of current flexible sodium ion batteries will be described mainly from the application point of view. Finally, the promising current applications of flexible sodium ion batteries are summarized.

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2

Li, Fang, Zengxi Wei, Arumugam Manthiram, Yuezhan Feng, Jianmin Ma, and Liqiang Mai. "Sodium-based batteries: from critical materials to battery systems." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 7, no. 16 (2019): 9406–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8ta11999f.

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In this review, we systematically summarize the recent advances in designing cathode/anode materials, exploring suitable electrolyte, and understanding the operation mechanisms of post-sodium batteries (Na–O₂, Na–S, Na–Se, Na–CO₂) as well as sodium-ion batteries. The current challenges and future perspectives for the sodium-based energy systems are also presented.

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3

Hu, Chunxi. "Nanotechnology based on anode and cathode materials of sodium-ion battery." Applied and Computational Engineering 26, no. 1 (November 7, 2023): 164–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2755-2721/26/20230824.

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With the urgent need for carbon neutrality and the new energy vehicle industry's quick development around the world, the market demand for batteries is growing rapidly. At present, the batteries in the market are mainly lithium-ion batteries. However, the shortage and uneven distribution of lithium deposits worldwide result in high production costs. In recent years, sodium-ion batteries have developed rapidly for the sake of their similar principles and easy access to sodium resources, and are regarded as being able to replace lithium-ion batteries in the future. Nanotechnology is widely used in sodium-ion batteries to overcome the issue of extracting/inserting during charging/discharging due to the sodium ions large radius. This paper reviewed the application of nanotechnology in both anode and cathode materials of sodium-ion batteries. This paper covers widely used cathode materials such as layered transition metal oxides, polyanion compounds, and Prussian blue. Nanotechnologies employed in anode materials such as carbon-based materials and titanium-embedded materials are also introduced. It has turned out that sodium-ion batteries can improve the sodium storage capacity, energy density, and cycle performance efficiently via the application of nanomaterials.

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4

Zhao, Qinglan, Andrew Whittaker, and X. Zhao. "Polymer Electrode Materials for Sodium-ion Batteries." Materials 11, no. 12 (December 17, 2018): 2567. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma11122567.

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Sodium-ion batteries are promising alternative electrochemical energy storage devices due to the abundance of sodium resources. One of the challenges currently hindering the development of the sodium-ion battery technology is the lack of electrode materials suitable for reversibly storing/releasing sodium ions for a sufficiently long lifetime. Redox-active polymers provide opportunities for developing advanced electrode materials for sodium-ion batteries because of their structural diversity and flexibility, surface functionalities and tenability, and low cost. This review provides a short yet concise summary of recent developments in polymer electrode materials for sodium-ion batteries. Challenges facing polymer electrode materials for sodium-ion batteries are identified and analyzed. Strategies for improving polymer electrochemical performance are discussed. Future research perspectives in this important field are projected.

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5

Rojo, Teofilo, Yong-Sheng Hu, Maria Forsyth, and Xiaolin Li. "Sodium-Ion Batteries." Advanced Energy Materials 8, no. 17 (June 2018): 1800880. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aenm.201800880.

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6

Slater, Michael D., Donghan Kim, Eungje Lee, and Christopher S. Johnson. "Sodium-Ion Batteries." Advanced Functional Materials 23, no. 8 (May 21, 2012): 947–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201200691.

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7

El Moctar, Ismaila, Qiao Ni, Ying Bai, Feng Wu, and Chuan Wu. "Hard carbon anode materials for sodium-ion batteries." Functional Materials Letters 11, no. 06 (December 2018): 1830003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793604718300037.

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Recent results have shown that sodium-ion batteries complement lithium-ion batteries well because of the low cost and abundance of sodium resources. Hard carbon is believed to be the most promising anode material for sodium-ion batteries due to the expanded graphene interlayers, suitable working voltage and relatively low cost. However, the low initial coulombic efficiency and rate performance still remains challenging. The focus of this review is to give a summary of the recent progresses on hard carbon for sodium-ion batteries including the impact of the uniqueness of carbon precursors and strategies to improve the performance of hard carbon; highlight the advantages and performances of the hard carbon. Additionally, the current problems of hard carbon for sodium-ion batteries and some challenges and perspectives on designing better hard-carbon anode materials are also provided.

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8

Tan, Suchong, Han Yang, Zhen Zhang, Xiangyu Xu, Yuanyuan Xu, Jian Zhou, Xinchi Zhou, et al. "The Progress of Hard Carbon as an Anode Material in Sodium-Ion Batteries." Molecules 28, no. 7 (March 31, 2023): 3134. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28073134.

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When compared to expensive lithium metal, the metal sodium resources on Earth are abundant and evenly distributed. Therefore, low-cost sodium-ion batteries are expected to replace lithium-ion batteries and become the most likely energy storage system for large-scale applications. Among the many anode materials for sodium-ion batteries, hard carbon has obvious advantages and great commercial potential. In this review, the adsorption behavior of sodium ions at the active sites on the surface of hard carbon, the process of entering the graphite lamellar, and their sequence in the discharge process are analyzed. The controversial storage mechanism of sodium ions is discussed, and four storage mechanisms for sodium ions are summarized. Not only is the storage mechanism of sodium ions (in hard carbon) analyzed in depth, but also the relationships between their morphology and structure regulation and between heteroatom doping and electrolyte optimization are further discussed, as well as the electrochemical performance of hard carbon anodes in sodium-ion batteries. It is expected that the sodium-ion batteries with hard carbon anodes will have excellent electrochemical performance, and lower costs will be required for large-scale energy storage systems.

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9

Zaidi, S. Z. J., M. Raza, S. Hassan, C. Harito, and F. C. Walsh. "A DFT Study of Heteroatom Doped-Pyrazine as an Anode in Sodium ion Batteries." Journal of New Materials for Electrochemical Systems 24, no. 1 (March 31, 2021): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.14447/jnmes.v24i1.a01.

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Lithium ion batteries cannot satisfy increasing demand for energy storage. A range of complementary batteries are needed which are environmentally acceptable, of moderate cost and easy to manufacture/recycle. In this case, we have chosen pyrazine to be used in the sodium ion batteries to meet the energy storage requirements of tomorrow. Pyrazine is studied as a possible anode material for bio-batteries, lithium-ion, and sodium ion batteries due to its broad set of useful properties such as ease of synthesis, low cost, ability to be charge-discharge cycled, and stability in the electrolyte. The heteroatom doped-pyrazine with atoms of boron, fluorine, phosphorous, and sulphur as an anode in sodium ion batteries has improved the stability and intercalation of sodium ions at the anode. The longest bond observed between sodium ion and sulphur-doped pyrazine at 2.034 Å. The electronic charge is improved and further enhanced by the presence of highly electronegative atoms such as fluorine and bromine in an already electron-attracting pyrazine compound. The highest adsorption energy is observed for the boron-doped pyrazine at -2.735 eV. The electron-deficient sites present in fluorine and bromine help in improving the electronic storage of the sodium ion batteries. A mismatch is observed between the adsorption energy and bond length in pyrazine doped with fluorine and phosphorus.

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10

Zhang, Miao, Liuzhang Ouyang, Min Zhu, Fang Fang, Jiangwen Liu, and Zongwen Liu. "A phosphorus and carbon composite containing nanocrystalline Sb as a stable and high-capacity anode for sodium ion batteries." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 8, no. 1 (2020): 443–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9ta07508a.

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11

Khusyaeri, Hafid, Dewi Pratiwi, Haris Ade Kurniawan, Anisa Raditya Nurohmah, Cornelius Satria Yudha, and Agus Purwanto. "Synthesis of High-Performance Hard Carbon from Waste Coffee Ground as Sodium Ion Battery Anode Material: A Review." Materials Science Forum 1044 (August 27, 2021): 25–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.1044.25.

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The battery is a storage medium for electrical energy for electronic devices developed effectively and efficiently. Sodium ion battery provide large-scale energy storage systems attributed to the natural existence of the sodium element on earth. The relatively inexpensive production costs and abundant sodium resources in nature make sodium ion batteries attractive to research. Currently, sodium ion batteries electrochemical performance is still less than lithium-ion batteries. The electrochemical performance of a sodium ion battery depends on the type of electrode material used in the manufacture of the batteries.. The main problem is to find a suitable electrode material with a high specific capacity and is stable. It is a struggle to increase the performance of sodium ion batteries. This literature study studied how to prepare high-performance sodium battery anodes through salt doping. The doping method is chosen to increase conductivity and electron transfer. Besides, this method still takes into account the factors of production costs and safety. The abundant coffee waste biomass in Indonesia was chosen as a precursor to preparing a sodium ion battery hard carbon anode to overcome environmental problems and increase the economic value of coffee grounds waste. Utilization of coffee grounds waste as hard carbon is an innovative solution to the accumulation of biomass waste and supports environmentally friendly renewable energy sources in Indonesia.

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12

Yang, Qingyun, Yanjin Liu, Hong Ou, Xueyi Li, Xiaoming Lin, Akif Zeb, and Lei Hu. "Fe-Based metal–organic frameworks as functional materials for battery applications." Inorganic Chemistry Frontiers 9, no. 5 (2022): 827–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1qi01396c.

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This review presents a comprehensive discussion on the development and application of pristine Fe-MOFs in lithium-ion batteries, sodium-ion batteries, potassium-ion batteries, metal–air batteries and lithium–sulfur batteries.

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13

Gupta, Aman, Ditipriya Bose, Sandeep Tiwari, Vikrant Sharma, and Jai Prakash. "Techno–economic and environmental impact analysis of electric two-wheeler batteries in India." Clean Energy 8, no. 3 (May 3, 2024): 147–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ce/zkad094.

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Abstract This paper presents a comprehensive techno–economic and environmental impact analysis of electric two-wheeler batteries in India. The technical comparison reveals that sodium-ion (Na-ion) and lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries outperform lead–acid batteries in various parameters, with Na-ion and Li-ion batteries exhibiting higher energy densities, higher power densities, longer cycle lives, faster charge rates, better compactness, lighter weight and lower self-discharge rates. In economic comparison, Na-ion batteries were found to be ~12–14% more expensive than Li-ion batteries. However, the longer lifespans and higher energy densities of Na-ion and Li-ion batteries can offset their higher costs through improved performance and long-term savings. Lead–acid batteries have the highest environmental impact, while Li-ion batteries demonstrate better environmental performance and potential for recycling. Na-ion batteries offer promising environmental advantages with their abundance, lower cost and lower toxic and hazardous material content. Efficient recycling processes can further enhance the environmental benefits of Na-ion batteries. Overall, this research examines the potential of Na-ion batteries as a cheaper alternative to Li-ion batteries, considering India’s abundant sodium resources in regions such as Rajasthan, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand and others.

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14

Aparicio, Pablo A., and Nora H. de Leeuw. "Electronic structure, ion diffusion and cation doping in the Na4VO(PO4)2 compound as a cathode material for Na-ion batteries." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 22, no. 12 (2020): 6653–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9cp05559b.

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15

Åvall, Gustav, Jonas Mindemark, Daniel Brandell, and Patrik Johansson. "Sodium-Ion Batteries: Sodium-Ion Battery Electrolytes: Modeling and Simulations (Adv. Energy Mater. 17/2018)." Advanced Energy Materials 8, no. 17 (June 2018): 1870081. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aenm.201870081.

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16

Li, Ruofan, Xiaoli Yan, and Long Chen. "2D Conductive Metal–Organic Frameworks for Electrochemical Energy Application." Organic Materials 06, no. 02 (May 2024): 45–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0044-1786500.

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Two-dimensional conductive metal–organic frameworks (2D c-MOFs) have attracted research attention, benefitting from their unique properties such as superior electronic conductivity, designable topologies, and well-defined catalytic/redox-active sites. These advantages enable 2D c-MOFs as promising candidates in electrochemical energy applications, including supercapacitors, batteries and electrocatalysts. This mini-review mainly highlights recent advancements of 2D c-MOFs in the utilization for electrochemical energy storage, as well as the forward-looking perspective on the future prospects of 2D c-MOFs in the field of electrochemical energy.Table of content:1 Introduction2 Design Principles of 2D c-MOFs3 Synthesis of 2D c-MOFs4 2D c-MOFs for Electrochemical Energy Storage4.1 Supercapacitors4.2 Metallic Batteries4.2.1 Lithium-Ion Batteries4.2.2 Sodium-Ion Batteries4.2.3 Zinc-Ion Batteries4.2.4 Sodium–Iodine Batteries4.2.5 Lithium–Sulfur Batteries4.2.6 Potassium-Ion Batteries5 2D c-MOFs for Electrochemical Energy Conversion6 Conclusions and Outlook

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17

Lin, Ziyang, and Zhuofan Wang. "Application of Solid Polymer Electrolytes for Solid-State Sodium Batteries." MATEC Web of Conferences 386 (2023): 03019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202338603019.

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Rechargeable sodium-ion batteries have become more attractive because of its advantages such as abundant sodium resources and lower costs compared to traditional lithium-ion batteries. In keeping with the future development of high-capacity secondary batteries, solid-state batteries, which use solid electrolytes instead of liquid organic electrolytes, are expected to overcome the challenges of traditional lithium-ion batteries in terms of energy density, cycle life and safety. Among various electrolytes, polymer matrices have great potential and application in flexible solid-state sodium batteries, as they can form large molecular structures with sodium salts, exhibit low flammability and excellent flexibility. But there are still challenges including low ionic conductivity, poor wettability, electrode/electrolyte interface stability and compatibility, which can limit battery performance and hinder practical applications. The preparation, benefits, and drawbacks of polymer-based solid-state sodium batteries (SSBs) are examined in this article based on an overview of solid electrolytes from the perspectives of polymer-based sodium battery materials, solid polymer electrolytes, and composition polymer electrolytes. Finally, it provides insights into the challenges and potential developments for polymer-based solid-state sodium batteries in the future.

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18

Dong, Xu, Dominik Steinle, and Dominic Bresser. "Single-Ion Conducting Polymer Electrolytes for Sodium Batteries." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2023-01, no. 5 (August 28, 2023): 954. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2023-015954mtgabs.

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Sodium-ion batteries have attracted extensive attention recently owing to the announcements of several companies to commercialize this technology in the (very) near future. Just like commercial lithium-ion batteries, though, these batteries are comprising and/or will comprise a liquid electrolyte – with all its advantages and challenges. Thinking one step ahead (as also done by a few companies already), the next step might be the transition to (“zero-excess”) sodium-metal batteries, which will require fundamentally new electrolyte solutions, and just like for lithium-metal batteries, these might be based, e.g., on polymers. Herein, we present our latest results on single-ion conducting polymer electrolytes for sodium-metal batteries. These polymer electrolytes do not only show higher ionic conductivity than its lithium analogues (>2.5 mS cm-1 at 40 °C), but moreover the same beneficial properties in terms of high electrochemical stability towards oxidation, highly reversible sodium plating and stripping, and excellent cycling stability of Na‖Na3V2(PO4)3 cells for more than 500 cycles. The results thus show that single-ion conducting polymer electrolytes are very promising candidates for high-performance sodium batteries.

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19

Peng, Bo, Zhihao Sun, Shuhong Jiao, Jie Li, Gongrui Wang, Yapeng Li, Xu Jin, Xiaoqi Wang, Jianming Li, and Genqiang Zhang. "Facile self-templated synthesis of P2-type Na0.7CoO2 microsheets as a long-term cathode for high-energy sodium-ion batteries." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 7, no. 23 (2019): 13922–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9ta02966d.

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20

Wang, Wanlin, Weijie Li, Shun Wang, Zongcheng Miao, Hua Kun Liu, and Shulei Chou. "Structural design of anode materials for sodium-ion batteries." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 6, no. 15 (2018): 6183–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7ta10823k.

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With the high consumption and increasing price of lithium resources, sodium ion batteries (SIBs) have been considered as attractive and promising potential alternatives to lithium ion batteries, owing to the abundance and low cost of sodium resources, and the similar electrochemical properties of sodium to lithium.

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21

Shrivastava, Hritvik. "Viable Alternatives to Lithium-Based Batteries." Scholars Journal of Engineering and Technology 11, no. 05 (May 12, 2023): 111–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.36347/sjet.2023.v11i05.001.

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Developing sustainable and environmentally friendly energy storage technologies for electric vehicles has become increasingly important with the growing demand for electric vehicles and increasing climate concerns. Lithium-ion batteries have been the primary energy storage technology used in electric vehicles due to their high energy density, long cycle life, and relatively low cost compared to other options. However, safety concerns related to the flammability of liquid electrolytes have motivated research on alternative energy storage technologies, mainly Sodium-ion and solid-state batteries. This paper reviews the status of sodium-ion and solid-state batteries as viable alternatives to lithium-ion batteries for electric vehicles. Sodium-ion batteries have shown promising results regarding energy density, safety, and cost but face challenges related to their lower specific energy and power density. Solid-state batteries have the potential to overcome many of the safety concerns associated with liquid electrolytes and exhibit high energy density but are currently limited by their high cost and low cycle life.

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22

Libich, Jiří, Josef Máca, Andrey Chekannikov, Jiří Vondrák, Pavel Čudek, Michal Fíbek, Werner Artner, Guenter Fafilek, and Marie Sedlaříková. "Sodium Titanate for Sodium-Ion Batteries." Surface Engineering and Applied Electrochemistry 55, no. 1 (January 2019): 109–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.3103/s1068375519010125.

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23

Ruan, Boyang, Jun Wang, Dongqi Shi, Yanfei Xu, Shulei Chou, Huakun Liu, and Jiazhao Wang. "A phosphorus/N-doped carbon nanofiber composite as an anode material for sodium-ion batteries." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 3, no. 37 (2015): 19011–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ta04366b.

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Sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) have been attracting intensive attention at present as the most promising alternative to lithium-ion batteries in large-scale electrical energy storage applications, due to the low-cost and natural abundance of sodium.

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24

Slater, Michael D., Donghan Kim, Eungje Lee, and Christopher S. Johnson. "Correction: Sodium-Ion Batteries." Advanced Functional Materials 23, no. 26 (July 8, 2013): 3255. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201301540.

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25

Zhang, Shuaiguo, Guoyou Yin, Haipeng Zhao, Jie Mi, Jie Sun, and Liyun Dang. "Facile synthesis of carbon nanofiber confined FeS2/Fe2O3 heterostructures as superior anode materials for sodium-ion batteries." Journal of Materials Chemistry C 9, no. 8 (2021): 2933–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0tc05519k.

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26

Su, Dan, Hao Zhang, Jiawei Zhang, and Yingna Zhao. "Design and Synthesis Strategy of MXenes-Based Anode Materials for Sodium-Ion Batteries and Progress of First-Principles Research." Molecules 28, no. 17 (August 28, 2023): 6292. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28176292.

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MXenes-based materials are considered to be one of the most promising electrode materials in the field of sodium-ion batteries due to their excellent flexibility, high conductivity and tuneable surface functional groups. However, MXenes often have severe self-agglomeration, low capacity and unsatisfactory durability, which affects their practical value. The design and synthesis of advanced heterostructures with advanced chemical structures and excellent electrochemical performance for sodium-ion batteries have been widely studied and developed in the field of energy storage devices. In this review, the design and synthesis strategies of MXenes-based sodium-ion battery anode materials and the influence of various synthesis strategies on the structure and properties of MXenes-based materials are comprehensively summarized. Then, the first-principles research progress of MXenes-based sodium-ion battery anode materials is summarized, and the relationship between the storage mechanism and structure of sodium-ion batteries and the electrochemical performance is revealed. Finally, the key challenges and future research directions of the current design and synthesis strategies and first principles of these MXenes-based sodium-ion battery anode materials are introduced.

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27

Yang, Di, Yuntong Lv, Ming Ji, and Fangchu Zhao. "Evaluation and economic analysis of battery energy storage in smart grids with wind–photovoltaic." International Journal of Low-Carbon Technologies 19 (2024): 18–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ijlct/ctad142.

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Abstract The large number of renewable energy sources, such as wind and photovoltaic (PV) access, poses a significant challenge to the operation of the grid. The grid must continually adjust its output to maintain the grid power balance, and replacing the grid power output by adding a battery energy storage system (BESS) is a perfect solution. Based on this, this paper first analyzes the cost components and benefits of adding BESS to the smart grid and then focuses on the cost pressures of BESS; it compares the characteristics of four standard energy storage technologies and analyzes their costs in detail. It is challenging to gain benefits from BESS consisting of lead–acid batteries or vanadium redox flow batteries, while BESS consisting of lithium-ion batteries can gain a meager number of benefits. The best-performing one is BESS, consisting of sodium-ion batteries, which can bring considerable benefits to the system and can finally analyze the feasibility of sodium-ion batteries applied to wind–PV-containing power grids. Lithium-ion batteries are widely used because of their excellent performance, and sodium-ion batteries have a similar version to lithium-ion batteries and are more suitable for grid energy storage due to their lower price and more abundant raw materials.

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28

Wang, Jie, Ping Nie, Bing Ding, Shengyang Dong, Xiaodong Hao, Hui Dou, and Xiaogang Zhang. "Biomass derived carbon for energy storage devices." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 5, no. 6 (2017): 2411–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ta08742f.

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Biomass-derived carbon materials have received extensive attention as electrode materials for energy storage devices, including electrochemical capacitors, lithium–sulfur batteries, lithium-ion batteries, and sodium-ion batteries.

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29

Che, Haiying, Suli Chen, Yingying Xie, Hong Wang, Khalil Amine, Xiao-Zhen Liao, and Zi-Feng Ma. "Electrolyte design strategies and research progress for room-temperature sodium-ion batteries." Energy & Environmental Science 10, no. 5 (2017): 1075–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7ee00524e.

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Electrolyte design or functional development is very effective at promoting the performance of sodium-ion batteries, which are attractive for electrochemical energy storage devices due to abundant sodium resources and low cost. The roadmap of the sodium ion batteries based on electrolyte materials was drawn firstly and shows that the electrolyte type decides the electrochemical window and energy density.

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30

Wikner, Evelina, and Ritambhara Gond. "Simulating Hard Carbon for Sodium-Ion Batteries with the DFN Model." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2023-02, no. 4 (December 22, 2023): 797. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2023-024797mtgabs.

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The development of Sodium-ion battery technologies and materials is moving rapidly forward, and several companies are on the verge of commercialising their products. An important question is what knowledge and synergies that can be drawn from Lithium-ion batteries. This work has investigated whether the Doyle-Fuller-Newman model (DFN model) [1] can be used for simulating the insertion and extraction of mobile sodium ion in hard carbon. Previous work indicates that this should be the case [2]–[4]. It has been shown that the insertion process of sodium in hard carbon does not follow the same process as for lithium in hard carbon [5]. The sodium insertion in hard carbon is suggested to be a combination of capacitive adsorption, intercalation and nanopore filling [6]–[8]. Hence, the question is if capacitive adsorption and nanopore filling can be simulated as an intercalation process. In addition, the sodium-ion has a lower charge density than lithium-ion, leading to different properties for the electrolyte and the interfacial species [9], [10]. One of the issues with the DFN model is to measure, calculate or estimate the material and electrode properties needed. As a first step in investigating the above assumption, an additional assumption made is that the needed parameters can be extracted using similar methods as for Li-ion batteries. With this starting point, a parameter sensitivity analysis is made for simulating mobile sodium in hard carbon with the DFN model. References [1] M. Doyle, T. Fuller, and J. Newman, “Modeling of galvanostatic charge and discharge of the lithium/ polymer/insertion cell,” J. Electrochem. Soc., vol. 140, no. 6, pp. 1526–1533, 1993, doi: 10.1149/1.2221597. [2] K. Chayambuka, M. Jiang, G. Mulder, D. L. Danilov, and P. H. L. Notten, “Physics-based modeling of sodium-ion batteries part I: Experimental parameter determination,” Electrochim. Acta, vol. 404, p. 139726, Feb. 2022, doi: 10.1016/J.ELECTACTA.2021.139726. [3] K. Chayambuka, G. Mulder, D. L. Danilov, and P. H. L. Notten, “Physics-based modeling of sodium-ion batteries part II. Model and validation,” Electrochim. Acta, vol. 404, p. 139764, Feb. 2022, doi: 10.1016/J.ELECTACTA.2021.139764. [4] C. M. Doyle, “Peer Reviewed Title: Design and Simulation of Lithium Rechargeable Batteries,” 2010. Accessed: Feb. 01, 2021. [Online]. Available: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/6j87z0sp [5] H. D. Asfaw, C. W. Tai, M. Valvo, and R. Younesi, “Facile synthesis of hard carbon microspheres from polyphenols for sodium-ion batteries: insight into local structure and interfacial kinetics,” Mater. Today Energy, vol. 18, p. 100505, Dec. 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.mtener.2020.100505. [6] J. Y. Hwang, S. T. Myung, and Y. K. Sun, “Sodium-ion batteries: Present and future,” Chemical Society Reviews, vol. 46, no. 12. Royal Society of Chemistry, pp. 3529–3614, Jun. 21, 2017. doi: 10.1039/c6cs00776g. [7] D. Chen et al., “Hard carbon for sodium storage: mechanism and optimization strategies toward commercialization,” Energy Environ. Sci., vol. 14, no. 4, pp. 2244–2262, Apr. 2021, doi: 10.1039/D0EE03916K. [8] C. Bommier, T. W. Surta, M. Dolgos, and X. Ji, “New Mechanistic Insights on Na-Ion Storage in Nongraphitizable Carbon,” Nano Lett., vol. 15, no. 9, pp. 5888–5892, Sep. 2015, doi: 10.1021/ACS.NANOLETT.5B01969/ASSET/IMAGES/LARGE/NL-2015-01969W_0002.JPEG. [9] R. Mogensen, S. Colbin, and R. Younesi, “An attempt to formulate non‐carbonate electrolytes for sodium‐ion batteries,” Batter. Supercaps, p. batt.202000252, Dec. 2020, doi: 10.1002/batt.202000252. [10] L. A. Ma, A. J. Naylor, L. Nyholm, and R. Younesi, “Strategies for Mitigating Dissolution of Solid Electrolyte Interphases in Sodium-Ion Batteries,” Angew. Chemie - Int. Ed., 2020, doi: 10.1002/anie.202013803.

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BALARAJU, M., B. V. SHIVA REDDY, T. A. BABU, K. C. BABU NAIDU, and N. V. KRISHNA PRASAD. "ADVANCED ORGANIC ELECTRODE MATERIALS FOR RECHARGEABLE SODIUM-ION BATTERIES." Journal of Ovonic Research 16, no. 6 (November 2020): 387–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.15251/jor.2020.166.387.

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The organic electrodes have more advantages over inorganic electrodes in the sodium ion batteries (SIBs). There are different types of organic electrodes with different implications in battery developments. The anthraquione, thiondigo, tetrachloro-p-benzoquinone, Perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic acid diimide and etc. are the most common organic materials for the electrodes. The sulferization and the carbonization of the MOFs are being done in order to improve the charging rate of the sodium ion batteries. The nonflame organic electrodes were designed and tested with the fire extinguishing test. The organic electrodes are eco-friendly and thus developed the green technology in sodium ion batteries.

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Chen, Wenshuai, Haipeng Yu, Sang-Young Lee, Tong Wei, Jian Li, and Zhuangjun Fan. "Nanocellulose: a promising nanomaterial for advanced electrochemical energy storage." Chemical Society Reviews 47, no. 8 (2018): 2837–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7cs00790f.

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Nanocellulose from various kinds of sources and nanocellulose-derived materials have been developed for electrochemical energy storage, including supercapacitors, lithium-ion batteries, lithium–sulfur batteries, and sodium-ion batteries.

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Zhang, Kun, Guohua Gao, Wei Sun, Xing Liang, Yindan Liu, and Guangming Wu. "Large interlayer spacing vanadium oxide nanotubes as cathodes for high performance sodium ion batteries." RSC Advances 8, no. 39 (2018): 22053–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8ra03514h.

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Xie, Xing-Chen, Ke-Jing Huang, and Xu Wu. "Metal–organic framework derived hollow materials for electrochemical energy storage." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 6, no. 16 (2018): 6754–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8ta00612a.

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The recent progress and major challenges/opportunities of MOF-derived hollow materials for energy storage are summarized in this review, particularly for lithium-ion batteries, sodium-ion batteries, lithium–Se batteries, lithium–sulfur batteries and supercapacitor applications.

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Lu, Bin, Chengjun Lin, Haiji Xiong, Chi Zhang, Lin Fang, Jiazhou Sun, Ziheng Hu, et al. "Hard-Carbon Negative Electrodes from Biomasses for Sodium-Ion Batteries." Molecules 28, no. 10 (May 11, 2023): 4027. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28104027.

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With the development of high-performance electrode materials, sodium-ion batteries have been extensively studied and could potentially be applied in various fields to replace the lithium-ion cells, owing to the low cost and natural abundance. As the key anode materials of sodium-ion batteries, hard carbons still face problems, such as poor cycling performance and low initial Coulombic efficiency. Owning to the low synthesis cost and the natural presence of heteroatoms of biomasses, biomasses have positive implications for synthesizing the hard carbons for sodium-ion batteries. This minireview mainly explains the research progress of biomasses used as the precursors to prepare the hard-carbon materials. The storage mechanism of hard carbons, comparisons of the structural properties of hard carbons prepared from different biomasses, and the influence of the preparation conditions on the electrochemical properties of hard carbons are introduced. In addition, the effect of doping atoms is also summarized to provide an in-depth understanding and guidance for the design of high-performance hard carbons for sodium-ion batteries.

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Landmann, Daniel, Enea Svaluto-Ferro, Meike Heinz, Patrik Schmutz, and Corsin Battaglia. "(Digital Presentation) Elucidating the Rate-Limiting Processes in High-Temperature Sodium-Metal Chloride Batteries." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-02, no. 5 (October 9, 2022): 578. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-025578mtgabs.

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Sodium-metal chloride batteries are considered a sustainable and safe alternative to lithium-ion batteries for large-scale stationary electricity storage, but exhibit disadvantages in rate capability. Several studies identified metal-ion migration through the metal chloride conversion layer on the positive electrode as the rate-limiting step, limiting charge and discharge rates in sodium-metal chloride batteries. Here we present electrochemical nickel and iron chlorination with planar model electrodes in molten sodium tetrachloroaluminate electrolyte at 300 °C. We discovered that, instead of metal-ion migration through the metal chloride conversion layer, it is metal-ion diffusion in sodium tetrachloraluminate. which limits chlorination of both the nickel and iron electrodes. Upon charge, chlorination of the nickel electrode proceeds via uniform oxidation of nickel and the formation of NiCl2 platelets on the surface of the electrode. In contrast, the oxidation of the iron electrodes proceeds via localized intergranular dissolution, resulting in non-uniform iron oxidation and pulverization of the iron electrode. We further discuss the transition from planar model electrodes to porous high-capacity electrodes, where sodium-ion migration along the tortuous path in the porous electrode can become rate limiting. These mechanistic insights are important for the design of competitive next-generation sodium-metal chloride batteries with improved rate performance.

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Banerjee, Swastika, Siamkhanthang Neihsial, and Swapan K. Pati. "First-principles design of a borocarbonitride-based anode for superior performance in sodium-ion batteries and capacitors." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 4, no. 15 (2016): 5517–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ta01645f.

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Three fundamental challenges for the development of technologically relevant sodium-ion batteries (SIB) and sodium-ion capacitors (SIC) are the lower cell voltage, decreased ionic-diffusivity and larger volume of sodium-ions relative to their lithium-ion analogues.

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Chang, Bohao. "Study On Electrolyte of Low Temperature Sodium-Ion Battery." Highlights in Science, Engineering and Technology 71 (November 28, 2023): 249–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/hset.v71i.12703.

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With the rapid development of electronic devices, energy storage systems with excellent performance are required. To be used in cold climates and high-altitude areas, it is required that the battery should work stably and operate safely even when the temperature drops below freezing point. Sodium-ion batteries arouse great attention, because of their high safety, good capacity in both high and low-temperature environments, along with their abundant sodium resources in the earth's crust. But for practical applications, the kinetics of sodium-ion batteries become slow when working at low temperatures. The performance deteriorates with the temperature decreases. Therefore, researchers have carried out a lot of research to overcome these problems in the low-temperature environment. For example, the energy storage performance of sodium-ion batteries can be improved by optimizing the positive and negative electrodes, separators, and electrolytes. Among them, optimizing the electrolyte is critical to improving the energy storage performance of sodium-ion batteries. Because the electrolyte is an important part, which is in contact with each part of the battery as a medium, which is mainly composed of solvents, electrolyte salts, and additives. During the charge/discharge processes of the battery, the electrolyte plays a role to act as an ionic conductor to transfer Na + between the positive and negative electrodes and link then together. Additionally, the electrolyte will also directly participate in the reaction on the electrode surface and form SEI film. Thus, it is one of the most economical and effective means to enhance the low-temperature performance by modifying the electrolyte. This paper, summarizing the reports on the electrolyte of low-temperature sodium-ion batteries at home and abroad, sorting out and analyzing the solid, liquid, and gel electrolytes, clarifies how to making the electrochemical performance of sodium-ion batteries better by optimizing electrolytes.

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Lim, Hyojun, and Sang-Ok Kim. "Heterostructure Design of Anode Materials for High-Performance Sodium-Ion Batteries." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2023-02, no. 4 (December 22, 2023): 521. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2023-024521mtgabs.

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The growing global demand for carbon neutrality has led to an increase in the use of electric vehicles and large-scale energy storage systems, which rely heavily on lithium-ion batteries. However, there are concerns about the limited availability of lithium resources, which may result in depletion and price increases in the near future. To solve this issue, researchers are actively exploring alternative next-generation secondary battery systems to replace current lithium-ion batteries. Sodium-ion batteries have received significant attention as one of promising candidates, as sodium is abundant in the earth's crust and economically viable compared to lithium. Although hard carbon has been considered a reversible anode material capable of sodium-ion insertion and extraction, high-capacity anode materials are required to increase the energy density of sodium-ion batteries. Among various candidates, conversion- and alloy-based materials are highly regarded due to their high theoretical capacity. However, challenges such as huge volume changes of active materials, sluggish reaction rates, and interfacial instability that occur during charging and discharging need to be overcome for these materials to be applied in high-performance sodium-ion batteries. To address these challenges, herein, we designed heterostructured anodes with a unique structure by combining conversion- or alloy-based materials with a porous silicon oxycarbide (SiOC) nanocoating layer, which possesses high surface capacitive reactivity and mechanical strength. We controlled the dispersion of the precursors in silicon oil and performed heat treatment to synthesize high-capacity heterostructured composites (MoS2@SiOC and Sn@SiOC). Subsequently, we conducted extensive physicochemical and electrochemical characterization as well as post-mortem analysis to investigate the properties of these composites, with a specific focus on the impact of the heterostructure on their battery performance. We anticipate that this heterostructure approach will pave the way for the development of novel, high-performance anode materials for sodium-ion batteries in the future.

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Zhang, Chenrui, Jingrui Shang, Huilong Dong, Edison Huixiang Ang, Linlin Tai, Marliyana Aizudin, Xuhong Wang, Hongbo Geng, and Hongwei Gu. "Modulation of MoS₂ interlayer dynamics by in situ N-doped carbon intercalation for high-rate sodium-ion half/full batteries." Nanoscale 13, no. 43 (2021): 18322–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1nr05708a.

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Cha, Seunghwan, Changhyeon Kim, Huihun Kim, Gyu-Bong Cho, Kwon-Koo Cho, Ho-Suk Ryu, Jou-Hyeon Ahn, Keun Yong Sohn, and Hyo-Jun Ahn. "Electrochemical Properties of Micro-Sized Bismuth Anode for Sodium Ion Batteries." Science of Advanced Materials 12, no. 9 (September 1, 2020): 1429–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/sam.2020.3801.

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Recently, sodium ion batteries have attracted considerable interest for large-scale electric energy storage as an alternative to lithium ion batteries. However, the development of anode materials with long cycle life, high rate, and high reversible capacity is necessary for the advancement of sodium ion batteries. Bi anode is a promising candidate for sodium ion batteries due to its high theoretical capacity (385 mAh g–1 or 3800 mAh l–1) and high electrical conductivity (7.7 × 105 S m –1). Herein, we report the preparation of Bi anode using micro-sized commercial Bi particles. DME-based electrolyte was used, which is well known for its high ionic conductivity. The Bi anode showed excellent rate-capability up to 16 C-rate, and long cycle life stability with a high reversible capacity of 354 mAh g–1 at 16 C-rate for 50 cycles.

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LE, Phung M.-L., Yan Jin, Thanh D. Vo, Nhan Tran, Yaobin Xu, Biwei Xiao, Mark H. Engelhard, Chongmin Wang, and Ji-Guang Zhang. "(Invited) Achieving Stable Interfacial Reactions in Sodium Batteries through Electrolyte Engineering." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2023-01, no. 5 (August 28, 2023): 872. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2023-015872mtgabs.

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Cost and lithium supply issues supply are compelling reasons to consider sodium batteries as potential alternatives to the better-known lithium-ion analogs for large-scale applications, including vehicles. Sodium-ion batteries have been the most highly developed system, with some commercialized systems demonstrate practical energy levels exceeding those of Li-ion batteries with LiFePO4. Further improvement in energy densities requires the development of new high-performance electrode materials (cathode/anode) and compatible electrolytes to achieve milestones in cycle life. In this work, we report the electrolyte engineering basically focusing on the electrolyte formulation (salt/additive selection), solvation structure of the electrolyte, and tuning on SEI/CEI composition. Our strategies thus enable high energy density of Na-metal and Na-ion batteries with remarkable cycle life. The presented insights differ from a prevailing stabilizing interfacial reaction that can be achieved by tuning SEI/CEI composition and providing a guiding principle in electrolyte design for sodium batteries.

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Yang, Guanhua, Xu Wang, Yihong Li, Zhiguo Zhang, Jiayu Huang, Fenghua Zheng, Qichang Pan, Hongqiang Wang, Qingyu Li, and Yezheng Cai. "Self-supporting network-structured MoS₂/heteroatom-doped graphene as superior anode materials for sodium storage." RSC Advances 13, no. 18 (2023): 12344–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d2ra08207a.

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Wang, Qinghong, Jiantie Xu, Wenchao Zhang, Minglei Mao, Zengxi Wei, Lei Wang, Chunyu Cui, Yuxuan Zhu, and Jianmin Ma. "Research progress on vanadium-based cathode materials for sodium ion batteries." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 6, no. 19 (2018): 8815–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8ta01627e.

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In this review, we mainly overview the structures, synthesis methods and the morphology control of vanadium-based electrode materials for sodium ion batteries. In addition, the major issues, emerging challenges and some perspectives on the development of V based electrode materials for sodium ion batteries are also discussed.

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Zhou, You, Ming Zhao, Zhi Wen Chen, Xiang Mei Shi, and Qing Jiang. "Potential application of 2D monolayer β-GeSe as an anode material in Na/K ion batteries." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 20, no. 48 (2018): 30290–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8cp05484c.

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Wei, Qijun. "Efficient power supply for electric vehicles: sodium-ion batteries." Applied and Computational Engineering 12, no. 1 (September 25, 2023): 214–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2755-2721/12/20230341.

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Energy is an important way to help daily work in various aspects of daily life. But energy cannot just exist around people without any carriers. Nowadays, sodium-ion batteries have been the best choice to be the carrier or power supply on account of the amount of sodium resources. On the other hand, it was anticipated that employing Na and Al current collectors for the cathode and anode would reduce costs. This paper mainly analyzes the current sodium ion battery structure, materials, and working principle, compared with other batteries' advantages and disadvantages and future development direction. The second part introduces sodium-ion batteries' anode and cathode materials, as well as the current mainstream materials, composition, and comparison between different mainstream materials. Sodium-ion battery is a relatively advanced battery in modern life, and its advantages are significantly greater than the lithium battery that is now used in life, especially in electric vehicles.

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Zhu, Yuan-En, Leping Yang, Xianlong Zhou, Feng Li, Jinping Wei, and Zhen Zhou. "Boosting the rate capability of hard carbon with an ether-based electrolyte for sodium ion batteries." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 5, no. 20 (2017): 9528–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7ta02515g.

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An ether-based electrolyte was used to reduce polarization and improve the plateau capacity at high rates of loofah sponge-derived hard carbon as the anode material for sodium ion batteries for the first time. The optimization of electrolytes could promote the practical application of hard carbon to sodium ion batteries.

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Kumar, Saurabh, R. Ranjeeth, Neeraj Kumar Mishra, Rajiv Prakash, and Preetam Singh. "NASICON-structured Na₃Fe₂PO₄(SO₄)₂: a potential cathode material for rechargeable sodium-ion batteries." Dalton Transactions 51, no. 15 (2022): 5834–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d2dt00780k.

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Zhao, Xu, Yundong Zhao, Ying Yang, Zihang Liu, Hong-En Wang, Jiehe Sui, and Wei Cai. "Fresh MoO2 as a better electrode for pseudocapacitive sodium-ion storage." New Journal of Chemistry 42, no. 18 (2018): 14721–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8nj03570a.

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Sun, Xiaolei, and Feng Luo. "Sodium Storage Properties of Carbonaceous Flowers." Molecules 28, no. 12 (June 14, 2023): 4753. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28124753.

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As a promising energy storage system, sodium-ion batteries face challenges related to the stability and high-rate capability of their electrode materials, especially carbon, which is the most studied anode. Previous studies have demonstrated that three-dimensional architectures composed of porous carbon materials with high electrical conductivity have the potential to enhance the storage performance of sodium-ion batteries. Here, high-level N/O heteroatoms-doped carbonaceous flowers with hierarchical pore architecture are synthesized through the direct pyrolysis of homemade bipyridine-coordinated polymers. The carbonaceous flowers could provide effective transport pathways for electrons/ions, thus allowing for extraordinary storage properties in sodium-ion batteries. As a consequence, sodium-ion battery anodes made of carbonaceous flowers exhibit outstanding electrochemical features, such as high reversible capacity (329 mAh g−1 at 30 mA g−1), superior rate capability (94 mAh g−1 at 5000 mA g−1), and ultralong cycle lifetimes (capacity retention rate of 89.4% after 1300 cycles at 200 mA g−1). To better investigate the sodium insertion/extraction-related electrochemical processes, the cycled anodes are experimentally analyzed with scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The feasibility of the carbonaceous flowers as anode materials was further investigated using a commercial Na3V2(PO4)3 cathode for sodium-ion full batteries. All these findings indicate that carbonaceous flowers may possess great potential as advanced materials for next-generation energy storage applications.

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