Relevant bibliographies by topics / Sodium hydride

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Sodium hydride'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Sodium hydride"

1

Verma, Abha. "Sodium Hydride." Synlett 2010, no. 15 (August 30, 2010): 2361–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0030-1258067.

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Verma, Abha. "Sodium Hydride." Synlett 2010, no. 15 (September 2010): e8-e8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0030-1258558.

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Konashi, Kenji, Kunihiro Itoh, Tsugio Yokoyama, and Michio Yamawaki. "Utilization Research and Development of Hydride Materials in Fast Reactors." Advances in Science and Technology 94 (October 2014): 23–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ast.94.23.

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Metal hydrides have high hydrogen atom density, which is equivalent to that of liquid water. An application of the hafnium hydride has been investigated as a neutron absorber in the Fast Breeder Reactors (FBRs). Fast neutrons are efficiently moderated by hydrogen in Hf hydrides and are absorbed by Hf. Since three isotopes of Hf have large cross sections, increase in the life of control rod is considered by Hf hydride. Results of design study of the core with Hf hydride control rods shows that the long lived hafnium hydride control rod is feasible in the large sodium-cooled FBR. Results of irradiation test conducted in BOR-60 has demonstrated the integrity of the capsules during irradiation. Na bonded capsule has an advantage in confinement effect of hydrogen compared with He bonded one. An application of hydride technique to transmutation target of MA was also discussed. MA hydride target is able to enhance the transmutation rate in FBR.
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Konashi, Kenji, and Michio Yamawaki. "Utilization of Hydride Materials in Nuclear Reactors." Advances in Science and Technology 73 (October 2010): 51–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ast.73.51.

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Metal hydrides have high hydrogen atom density, which is equivalent to that of liquid water. Fast neutrons are efficiently moderated by hydrogen in metal hydrides. Metal hydrides have been studied for their potential application as nuclear materials in fast reactors (FRs). Two types of the utilizations of metal hydride in FRs are discussed in this paper. One is the utilization for transmutation target of long-lived nuclear wastes. Hydride fuel containing 237Np, 241Am and 243Am has been studied as a candidate transmutation target to reduce the radioactivity of long-lived nuclides included in reprocessed nuclear wastes. An application of the hafnium hydride has been investigated as neutron absorber in FRs. The core design has been performed to examine its characteristics and to evaluate the cost reduction effect. Demonstration of fabrication of hydride pin has been done with hydride pellets and stainless steel cladding. Coating technique of inner cladding surface has been also developed to reduce the permeation of hydrogen through stainless steel cladding. Physical and chemical properties of the pellet have been measured for designing the hydride pin. The integrity of the pellets at high temperature has been tested and their compatibility with sodium has also been tested. Irradiation test of hydrides has been performed in the fast experimental reactor, JOYO, at Japan Atomic Energy Association (JAEA).
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Too, Pei Chui, Guo Hao Chan, Ya Lin Tnay, Hajime Hirao, and Shunsuke Chiba. "Hydride Reduction by a Sodium Hydride-Iodide Composite." Angewandte Chemie International Edition 55, no. 11 (February 16, 2016): 3719–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.201600305.

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Too, Pei Chui, Guo Hao Chan, Ya Lin Tnay, Hajime Hirao, and Shunsuke Chiba. "Hydride Reduction by a Sodium Hydride-Iodide Composite." Angewandte Chemie 128, no. 11 (February 17, 2016): 3783–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ange.201600305.

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Dixon, David A., James L. Gole, and Andrew Komornicki. "Absolute proton affinities of lithium dimer, sodium dimer, lithium hydride, and sodium hydride." Journal of Physical Chemistry 92, no. 8 (April 1988): 2134–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/j100319a010.

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Mahmoud, Mahmoud R., Manal M. El-Shahawi, Eman A. A. El-Bordany, and Fatma S. M. Abu El-Azm. "Synthesis and reactions of indeno[1,2-c]chromene-6,11-dione derivatives." Journal of Chemical Research 2008, no. 11 (November 2008): 609–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.3184/030823408x360364373.

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Indeno[1,2-c]chromene-6,11-dione was prepared using the readily obtainable starting materials via the condensation of dimethyl homophthalate with 2,6-dichlorobenzaldehyde in the presence of sodium hydride in dry benzene followed by saponification and cyclisation with concentrated sulfuric acid at 0°C. The tendency of indeno[1,2-c]chromene-6,11-dione for undergoing nucleophilic addition has been tested by reaction with nitrogen nucleophiles such as hydrazine hydrate, hydroxylamine hydrochloride, ethyl carbazate, cyanoacetic acid hydrazide, thiosemicarbazide and 4-methylbenzenesulfonohydrazide. The IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and mass spectra of the synthesised compounds are discussed.
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Maki, Arthur G., and Wm Bruce Olson. "Infrared spectrum of sodium hydride." Journal of Chemical Physics 90, no. 12 (June 15, 1989): 6887–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.456263.

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Werner, Thomas, and Juliane Koch. "Sodium Hydride Catalyzed Tishchenko Reaction." European Journal of Organic Chemistry 2010, no. 36 (November 17, 2010): 6904–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ejoc.201001294.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Sodium hydride"

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Akyol, Emel Özgen Tamerkan. "Synthesis of Magnesium Hydride And Sodium Borohydride At Low Temperatures/." [s.l.]: [s.n.], 2006. http://library.iyte.edu.tr/tezlerengelli/master/kimya/T000567.pdf.

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Wang, Yicheng. "Slow collisions of hydride ion and deuteride ion with sodium, potassium and cesium." W&M ScholarWorks, 1987. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539623770.

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The cross sections of charge transfer and electron detachment in collisions of H$\sp{-}$ and D$\sp{-}$ with Na, K and Cs have been measured for collision energies ranging from 3 to 300 eV. Both charge transfer and electron detachment are significant electron-loss mechanisms for H$\sp{-}$(D$\sp{-}$); both processes exhibit velocity-dependent isotope effects for H$\sp{-}$ and D$\sp{-}$. $\sigma\sb{\rm cg}$(E) displays high energetic thresholds for Na and K (about 20 eV for H$\sp{-}$ + Na and 40 eV for H$\sp{-}$ + K) yet no obvious one for Cs. $\sigma\sb{\rm e}$(E) does not depend on the target as much as $\sigma\sb{\rm ct}$(E) and displays near zero-energy thresholds. The relative importance of charge transfer as an electron-loss mechanism decreases as the mass of the alkali-metal increases.
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Hayward, Michael Andrew. "The synthesis and characterisation of some novel reduced transition metal oxides." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.326022.

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Afonso, Louis Greg. "Studies of hydrogen storage in the sodium borohydride and magnesium nickel hydride composite system." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/43802.

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Complex metal hydrides typically have high enthalpies which lead to desorption temperatures that are too high for practical use. Thermodynamic destabilization is one method used to lower the enthalpy of decomposition and hence lower the temperature of desorption of a complex metal hydride. A lower temperature (less than 100ºC) would enable waste heat from a PEM(Polymer Electrolyte Membrane) fuel cell to drive the hydrogen desorption reaction. NaBH₄ was destabilized by ball milling NaBH₄ and Mg₂NiH₄ in a 4:5 molar ratio, respectively. Ball milling periods of up to 2 hours did not have an effect on the thermodynamics or the kinetics of the system. Grain sizes of the two phases, NaBH₄ and Mg₂NiH₄, were reduced during the first 30 minutes of ball milling. The decomposition enthalpy of the system was measured and found to be 67 ± 4 kJ mol⁻¹ H₂ for the decomposition of Mg₂NiH₄ in the composite, 76 ± 5 kJ mol⁻¹ for the decomposition of NaBH₄ and 95 ± 7 kJ mol⁻¹ H₂ for the decomposition of NaH, which corresponds to measured desorptions at 275, 360 and 420 ºC respectively. The enthalpy of absorption corresponding to Mg₂NiH₄ in the composite was 59 ± 4 kJ mol⁻¹ H₂ . During dehydrogenation of the NaBH₄ phase, the ternary boride phase MgNi₂.₅B₂ is formed under a hydrogen back pressure of vacuum, 1 bar and 5 bar. The total capacity of the system is 5.1 wt%, and a capacity loss of 2.25 wt% hydrogen was noted during cycling studies partially due to the formation of MgNi₂, which is a nonhydriding phase, loss of Na from the sample holder, and the formation of large crystals of Mg that could not be hydrogenated easily. Kinetic analysis was conducted and an activation energy of 131 ± 24 kJ mol⁻¹ was determined for the decomposition of the Mg₂NiH₄ phase of the composite. XRD phase analysis showed that the Mg₂NiH₄ decomposed first starting at about 275 ºC, followed by the decomposition of NaBH₄ at around 360 ºC. By 400 ºC, XRD analysis showed that the MgNi₂.₅B₂ phase had formed. The effect of cycling on the crystallographic phases showed a change from monoclinic to cubic for the Mg₂NiH₄ phase of the composite as well as the formation of MgNi₂.
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Urbanczyk, Robert, Kateryna Peinecke, Michael Felderhoff, Klaus Hauschild, Wolfgang Kersten, Stefan Peil, and Dieter Bathen. "Aluminium alloy based hydrogen storage tank operated with sodium aluminium hexahydride Na3AlH6." Elsevier, 2014. https://publish.fid-move.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A36284.

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Here we present the development of an aluminium alloy based hydrogen storage tank, charged with Ti-doped sodium aluminium hexahydride Na3AlH6. This hydride has a theoretical hydrogen storage capacity of 3 mass-% and can be operated at lower pressure compared to sodium alanate NaAlH4. The tank was made of aluminium alloy EN AW 6082 T6. The heat transfer was realised through an oil flow in a bayonet heat exchanger, manufactured by extrusion moulding from aluminium alloy EN AW 6060 T6. Na3AlH6 is prepared from 4 mol-% TiCl3 doped sodium aluminium tetrahydride NaAlH4 by addition of two moles of sodium hydride NaH in ball milling process. The hydrogen storage tank was filled with 213 g of doped Na3AlH6 in dehydrogenated state. Maximum of 3.6 g (1.7 mass-% of the hydride mass) of hydrogen was released from the hydride at approximately 450 K and the same hydrogen mass was consumed at 2.5 MPa hydrogenation pressure. 45 cycle tests (rehydrogenation and dehydrogenation) were carried out without any failure of the tank or its components. Operation of the tank under real conditions indicated the possibility for applications with stationary HT-PEM fuel cell systems.
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Kostka, Johannes. "Wasserstoffgenerator-Systeme auf Basis chemischer Hydride zur Versorgung von PEM-Brennstoffzellen im Kleinleistungsbereich." Doctoral thesis, Technische Universitaet Bergakademie Freiberg Universitaetsbibliothek "Georgius Agricola", 2012. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:105-qucosa-100204.

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Drei Wasserstoffgenerator-Systeme (WGS) auf Basis chemischer Hydride wurden in dieser Arbeit als Labormuster ausgelegt, gefertigt und in ihren Betriebseigenschaften analysiert. Es wurden ein 20 W-WGS und zwei 100 W-WGS untersucht. Als chemische Hydride wurden Amminboran und Natriumborhydrid ausgewählt. Aufgrund ihrer vergleichsweise einfachen Lagerfähigkeit, ihren moderaten Freisetzungsbedingungen und ihrer volumetrisch wie gravimetrisch hohen Wasserstoffdichten erschienen sie in besonderer Weise geeignet für Wasserstoffgeneratoren im Kleinleistungsbereich. Zwar zeigen diese chemischen Hydride zurzeit hinsichtlich ihrer Kosten, ihrer Energieeffizienz bei der Herstellung und ihrer Umweltverträglichkeit keine Vorteile gegenüber verdichtetem Wasserstoff, jedoch besitzen sie mit ihrer hohen, auf das Hydrid bezogenen Energiedichte ein positives Alleinstellungsmerkmal. Bei der Entwicklung der WGS standen daher neben der Betriebszuverlässigkeit und Regelbarkeit die Optimierung der systembezogenen Energiedichte WGS im Fokus.
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Selvaraj, Dinesh Kumar. "Solubility studies on the Na - F - PO4 system in sodium nitrate and in sodium hydroxide solutions." Master's thesis, Mississippi State : Mississippi State University, 2003. http://sun.library.msstate.edu/ETD-db/theses/available/etd-07092003-173535/unrestricted/Dinesh%5FThesis.pdf.

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Behm, Mårten. "Electrochemical generation of polysulfide liquor and sodium hydroxide from white liquor /." Stockholm, 1998. http://www.lib.kth.se/abs98/behm0220.pdf.

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Gentek, Natalia, Melissa Jöe, Sofia Lindell, Karin Norgren, and Ellen Sjövall. "A rheological study of hyaluronan and sodium hydroxide at different concentrations." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för teknikvetenskaper, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-354045.

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This thesis examines how the rheological properties change depending on the composition of hyaluronan, HA and sodium hydroxide, NaOH. This was performed to see if there was any relationship between the rheological properties of a sample depending on different compositions of HA and NaOH. Moreover, the fluidity of the samples was studied by investigating . Five concentrations of HA (11, 18, 20, 25, 33 wt%) were investigated with six concentrations of NaOH (0, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8 wt%). Rheology was used to determine rheological properties of the composition and the rheometric data was obtained from three different measurements: time sweep, frequency sweep and amplitude sweep. G', G'' andwere investigated but no clear correlation was found. However, some patterns were detected for frequency sweep and amplitude sweep. The graphs generally followed the same shape and the compositions with 11% HA generally had the lowest G' and G'' values. Additionally, the majority of the samples, that could be measured, could be defined as fluids, due to  being higher than 1.
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Lundblad, Helena. "Split of sodium and sulfur in a Kraft mill and internal production of sulfuric acid and sodium hydroxide." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för kemivetenskap (CHE), 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-158486.

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The removal of lignin in a Kraft pulp mill, with the aim to utilize the lignin as more value added green product than just firing lignin in black liquor, is possible with a LignoBoost plant. The LignoBoost plant uses sulfuric acid in the process and this results in an increased net input of sulfur to the pulp mills recovery cycle. The sodium/sulfur balance in a Kraft pulp mill is an important factor to be able to run a mill optimal. The increased input of sulfur into the mill when implementing a LignoBoost plant is therefore an issue to address. A too high sulfur/sodium ratio in the Kraft pulp mill is often solved by purging electrostatic precipitator dust from the recovery boiler. The major component of the ESP dust is sodium sulfate. When purging ESP dust from the recovery boiler the mill loose sodium and the need of sodium make-up increases. A large extent of the ESP dust that is not purged is returned to the recovery cycle of the mill via the evaporation plant. If the recycled sodium sulfate could be split and returned to the recovery cycle as one controlled sodium- and one controlled sulfur component or at least split into two flows where sulfur is enriched in one flow and sodium in the other flow, the sodium/sulfur balance would be easier controlled. In this master thesis the split of sodium and sulfur in sodium sulfate is addressed. The aim is to study opportunities to: • Enrich sodium and sulfur in two flows from the dissolved ESP dust, which is normally recycled to the evaporation plant. • Produce one sulfur component and one sodium component that can be utilized in the Kraft pulp mill, especially in an integrated LignoBoost process. • Accomplish this by using an electrochemical split of the sodium sulfate from the ESP dust to generate sodium hydroxide and sulfuric acid.   To be able to produce one sulfur component and one sodium component from the dissolved ESP dust an electrodialysis with or without bipolar membranes is the method to use decided after contact with Eka Chemicals research and development department and literature studies. An electrodialysis cell produces sodium hydroxide and sulfuric acid, from the sodium sulfate solution, that can be used in the Kraft pulp mill. The difficulty by using an electrochemical cell with ion selective membranes is the need of a pure feed to the cell. If a high content of contaminations, such as multivalent ions, is present in the feed solution to the cell scaling can be formed. Scaling leads to shorter membrane life that result in higher operational cost for the cell stack. Due to the multivalent ions in the electrostatic dust a pre-treatment such as carbonate- and hydroxide precipitation removal of the ions is suggested, which results in a decrease of the multivalent ions in the feed solution.   In previous work concerning electrochemical split of sodium sulfate the lack of utilization for the produced acid became negative in an economical point of view. The need of sulfuric acid to the LignoBoost plant is an advantage for the economical study. In this master thesis is:   • An economical case study for the implementation of an electrochemical cell, electrodialysis with or without a bipolar membrane, in a Kraft pulp mill performed. • A sensitivity analysis performed and evaluated in the aim of addressing the change in payback time due to alternating: Sodium price Membrane life Utilization of the acid produced from the electrochemical cell. The economical case study concerns a Kraft pulp mill with a LignoBoost plant. Utilization of the acid to the LignoBoost- and tall oil plant is varied, as is the membrane life for the cell stack. The membrane life is varied due to the difficulty of predicting the ESP-feed solutions affect on the membranes. The feed solution has to be tested in a cell to decide the real life for the membrane in this case.   The electrodialysis cell with bipolar membranes indicates promising economical gain for future implementation in a mill with LignoBoost lignin removal compared to the electrodialysis cell that indicates no economical gain for future implementation in a mill. For a mill with both a LignoBoost plant and a tall oil plant, i.e. optimized utilization of acid from the electrodialysis with bipolar membrane, and a five years membrane life in the cell, a payback of one and a half year can be reached. The same case but for an electrodialysis results in nine and a half payback years. The sensitivity analysis show that compared to the electrodialysis with bipolar membrane, the electrodialysis cell is more vulnerable to changes for the acid utilization, sodium hydroxide price and membrane life. The BME cell is most affected by changes in the sodium hydroxide price and the ED cell affects most by changes in the membrane life.
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Books on the topic "Sodium hydride"

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Bohuslav, Čásenský, and Kubánek Vladimír, eds. Sodium dihydrido-bis(2-methoxyethoxo)-aluminate (SDMA): A versatile organometallic hydride. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1985.

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Hundley, Gary L. Extraction of chromium from domestic chromites by alkali fusion. Pgh. [i.e. Pittsburgh] PA: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Bureau of Mines, 1985.

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Bhakta, P. Alkaline oxidative leaching of gold-bearing arsenopyrite ores. Washington, D.C: Bureau of Mines, U.S. Dept. of the Interior, 1989.

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Bhakta, P. Alkaline oxidative leaching of gold-bearing arsenopyrite ores. Washington, DC: Dept. of the Interior, 1989.

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Timofeev, A. F. Okhrana truda v ėlektroliticheskom proizvodstve kausticheskoĭ sody i khlora. 2nd ed. Moskva: "Khimii͡a︡", 1985.

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Chishakwe, Nyasha. Access to genetic resources and the sharing of benefits arising from their use (ABS): Trainers' manual. [Harare]: Southern Africa Biodiversity Policy Initiative, 2010.

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Chishakwe, Nyasha. Access to genetic resources and the sharing of benefits arising from their use (ABS): Trainers' manual. [Harare]: Southern Africa Biodiversity Policy Initiative, 2010.

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Swinfen, T. C. The production of chlorine and sodium hydroxide - which process?: An Advanced-Level curriculum package. York: University of York, 1986.

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Devlet Planlama Teşkilatı (Turkey). Sudkostik-Klor-Klorür Asidi Alt Komisyon. Kimya Sektörü Özel İhtisas Komisyonu Sudkostik-Klor-Klorür Asidi Alt Komisyon raporu. Ankara: T.C. Başbakanlık Devlet Planlama Teşkilatı, 1987.

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Aljoe, William W. Neutralization of acidic discharges from abandoned underground coal mines by alkaline injection. Washington, D.C: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Bureau of Mines, 1993.

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Book chapters on the topic "Sodium hydride"

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Mattson, G. W., T. P. Whaley, and C. C. Chappelow. "Sodium Hydride." In Inorganic Syntheses, 10–13. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470132364.ch3.

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Fluegeman, Claire, Timothy Hilton, Kenneth P. Moder, and Robert Stankovich. "Development of Detailed Action Plans in the Event of a Sodium Hydride Spill/Fire." In Emergency Planning Preparedness, Prevention & Response, 227–34. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470924839.ch18.

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Bährle-Rapp, Marina. "Sodium Hydroxide." In Springer Lexikon Kosmetik und Körperpflege, 511. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-71095-0_9563.

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Gooch, Jan W. "Sodium Hydroxide." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers, 674. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_10831.

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Bonačić-Koutecký, V., J. Pittner, and J. Koutecký. "Ab-initio study of optical response properties of nonstoichiometric lithium-hydride and sodium-fluoride clusterswith one- and two-excess electrons." In Small Particles and Inorganic Clusters, 441–44. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-60854-4_104.

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Foss, Olav, and John J. Pitha. "Sodium “Selenopentathionate” 3-Hydrate and Sodium: “Telluropentathionate” 2-Hydrate." In Inorganic Syntheses, 88–91. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470132357.ch31.

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Penneman, R. A., and A. D. F. Toy. "Sodium Peroxide 8-Hydrate." In Inorganic Syntheses, 1–3. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470132340.ch1.

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Ukpai, Whitney Fisher, and Tabbetha A. Dobbins. "A Study of the Thermodynamic Destabilization of Sodium Aluminum Hydride (NaAlH4 ) with Titanium Nitride (TiN) using X-ray Diffraction and Residual Gas Analysis." In Ceramic Transactions Series, 99–106. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118019467.ch10.

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Bauer, H. F., W. C. Drinkard, and Richard J. Thompson. "Sodium Tricarbonatocobaltate(III) 3-Hydrate." In Inorganic Syntheses, 202–4. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470132395.ch53.

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Kumar, Sushant. "Sodium Hydroxide for Clean Hydrogen Production." In Clean Hydrogen Production Methods, 11–30. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-14087-2_2.

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Conference papers on the topic "Sodium hydride"

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Ved, Ankeeth Suresh, G. H. Miley, and T. S. Seetaraman. "Recycling Sodium Metaborate to Sodium Borohydride Using Wind-Solar Energy System for Direct Borohydride Fuel Cell." In ASME 2010 8th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fuelcell2010-33303.

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One of the major issues with DBFC is availability of Sodium borohydride and economics of converting sodium metaborate, product of reactions in DBFC, to sodium borohydide. Work has been done by L Kong et all [1] to convert Sodium metaborate to sodium borohydride using magnesium hydride. The work presented here discusses various other possibilities to recycle NaBO2 and how it could be coupled with existing wind and solar energy systems to make it economically viable. A little variation form Brown Schlesinger process [2], commonly used to produce sodium borohydide is proposed and with discussion on possible renewable energy system are presented below. a] Steam reforming of methane : Solar energy can be utilized to convert water into steam. Also possibilities of using geothermal energy where available cannot be ruled out. b] Using sea water to get sodium metal: Electrolysis of seawater enables us to have this process on board on offshore wind mills. Also presence of other salts in sea like calcium chloride favor electrolysis. c] Hydrolysis of NaBO2 to make boric acid: This is the deviation from the exiting Brown Schlesinger and thermoeconomics is under investigation. d] Boric acid reacts with methanol to give trimethylborate. e] Sodium metal in presence of hydrogen from steam reforming react to give sodium hydride. f] Sodium hydride and trimethylboate react to give sodium borohydide and sodium methoxide which decomposes into methanol and NaOH. Another method that would be included in this study is using NaBO2 to produce borohallide (BX3) which in presence of LiAlH4 would give B2H6 which with sodium carbonate (from sodium metaborate and methane or carbon dioxide) would give sodium hydroxide. This is under study and hence not much data is available right now. From the cost study it is seen that for the first mentioned process the initial cost associated is high and exact amount is still under debate. Advantage of utilizing renewable source is that the renewable energy can be converted into efficient source of energy for mobile applications.
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Kawaguchi, Munemichi. "Measurement of Thermal Decomposition Temperature and Rate of Sodium Hydride." In 2020 International Conference on Nuclear Engineering collocated with the ASME 2020 Power Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone2020-16423.

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Abstract In decommissioning sodium-cooled fast reactors, the operators can be exposed to radiation during dismantling of cold trap equipment (C/T). The C/T is higher dose equipment because the C/T trapped tritium of fission products during the operation to purify the sodium coolant. In this study, thermal decomposition temperature and rate of sodium hydride (NaH) were measured as a fundamental research for development of “thermolysis” process prior to the dismantling. We measured the thermal decomposition temperature and rate using NaH powder (95.3%, Sigma-Aldrich) in alumina pan with ThermoGravimetry-Differential Thermal Analysis (TG-DTA) instrument (STA2500 Regulus, NETZSCH Japan). The heating rates of TG-DTA were set to β = 2.0, 5.0, 10.0 and 20.0 K/min. The DTA showed endothermic reaction and the TG showed two-steps mass-loss over 580K. This first-step mass-loss was consistent with change of chemical composition of the NaH with heating (NaH → Na+1/2H2). The thermal decomposition temperature and rate were obtained from the onset temperature of the mass-loss and the simplified Kissinger plots, respectively. Furthermore, we set to the thermal decomposition temperature of around 590K, and the mass-loss rates were measured. As a result, over 590K, the thermal decomposition occurred actively, and showed good agreement with the estimation curves obtained by the simplified Kissinger plots. The thermal decomposition rate strongly depended on the heating temperature.
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WANG, JUN, ARMIN D. EBNER, KEITH R. EDISON, JAMES A. RITTER, and RAGAIY ZIDAN. "METAL-DOPED SODIUM ALUMINIUM HYDRIDE AS A REVERSIBLE HYDROGEN STORAGE MATERIAL." In Proceedings of the Third Pacific Basin Conference. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789812704320_0052.

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Bhouri, Maha, Jacques Goyette, Bruce J. Hardy, and Donald L. Anton. "Transport Process Study in Sodium Alanate Hydrogen Storage System During Desorption." In 2010 14th International Heat Transfer Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ihtc14-23079.

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Transport processes in a sodium alanate hydrogen storage system during desorption are presented. The mathematical model, which considers heat conduction and convection, hydrogen flow governed by Blake-Kozeny law and the chemical kinetics, is solved using the COMSOL Multiphysics® finite element software. The numerical simulation is used to present the time-space evolutions of the temperature, pressure and hydride concentration. The results are discussed for two cases: a finned storage system and a finless one. It is shown that the whole process occurring in the bed is governed and controlled by heat transfer from the heating fluid to the storage media and strengthened by axial heat transfer through the fins. The importance of the hydride bed thermal conductivity has also been evaluated. It was observed that the hydrogen discharge rate in a finless system can be improved if we find ways of increasing the thermal conductivity of the storage media. On the other hand, for a reservoir with fins, heat transfer is good enough that the discharge rate is limited by the kinetics.
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Dedrick, Daniel E., Michael P. Kanouff, Richard S. Larson, Terry A. Johnson, and Scott W. Jorgensen. "Heat and Mass Transport in Metal Hydride Based Hydrogen Storage Systems." In ASME 2009 Heat Transfer Summer Conference collocated with the InterPACK09 and 3rd Energy Sustainability Conferences. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ht2009-88246.

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Hydrogen storage technologies based on solid-phase materials involve highly coupled transport processes including heat transfer, mass transfer, and chemical kinetics. A full understanding of these processes and their relative impact on system performance is required to enable the design and optimization of efficient systems. This paper examines the coupled transport processes of titanium doped sodium alanates (NaAlH4, Na3AlH6) enhanced with excess aluminum and expanded natural graphite. Through validated modeling and simulation, we have illuminated transport bottlenecks that arise due to mass transfer limitations in scaled-up systems. Individual heat transport, mass transport, and chemical kinetic processes were isolated and experimentally characterized to generate a robust set of model parameters for all relevant operational states. The individual transport models were then coupled to simulate absorption processes associated with rapid refueling of scaled-up systems. Using experimental data for the absorption performance of a 1.6 kg sodium alanate system, comparisons were made to computed results to identify dominant transport mechanisms. The results indicated that channeling around the compacted porous solid can contribute significantly to the overall transport of hydrogen into and out of the system. The application of these transport models is generally applicable to a variety of condensed-phase hydrogen sorption materials and facilitates the design of optimally performing systems.
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Kikuchi, Shin, Hiroshi Seino, Akikazu Kurihara, and Hiroyuki Ohshima. "Kinetic Study of Sodium-Water Reaction Phenomena by Differential Thermal Analysis." In 2012 20th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering and the ASME 2012 Power Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone20-power2012-54134.

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In a sodium-cooled fast reactor (SFR), if a heat transfer tube in the steam generator (SG) is failed, high pressurized water vapor blows into the liquid sodium and sodium-water reaction (SWR) takes place. SWR may cause damage to the surface of the neighboring heat transfer tubes by thermal and chemical effects. Therefore, it is important to clearly understand the SWR for safety assessment of the SG. From recent study, sodium (Na)–sodium hydroxide (NaOH) reaction as secondary surface reaction of the SWR phenomena in a SFR was identified by ab initio method [1]. However, kinetics of this reaction is a still open question. It is important to obtain quantitative rate constant of sodium monoxide (Na2O) generation by Na-NaOH reaction because Na2O may accelerate the corrosive and erosive effects. Differential thermal analysis (DTA) provides us with the valuable information on the kinetic parameters, including activation energy, pre-exponential factor (frequency factor) and reaction rate constant. Thus, kinetic study of Na–NaOH reaction has been carried out by using DTA technique. The parameters, including melting points of Na and NaOH, phase transition temperature of NaOH, Na-NaOH reaction temperature and the decomposition temperature of sodium hydride (NaH) were identified from DTA curves. Na, NaOH, and Na2O as major chemical species were observed from the X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis of the residues after the DTA experiment. It was inferred that Na2O could be generated as a reaction product. Based on the measured reaction temperature, the first-order rate constant of Na2O generation was obtained by the application of the laws of chemical kinetics. From the estimated rate constant, it was found that Na2O generation should be considered during SWR. The results can be the basis for developing a chemical reaction model used in a multi-dimensional sodium-water reaction code, SERAPHIM, being developed by the Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA) toward the safety assessment of the SG in a SFR.
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Huang, Yaji, Baosheng Jin, Zhaoping Zhong, Rui Xiao, and Hongcang Zhou. "Effects of Solid Additives on the Control of Trace Elements During Coal Gasification." In 18th International Conference on Fluidized Bed Combustion. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fbc2005-78030.

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Based on the Modified Geo-chemical Enrichment Factor (MGEF), the contents of As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Mn, Hg, Pb, V, Se, Sr, Zn in coal and coal char were analyzed by using Hydride Generation-Atomic Fluorescence Spectrometry (HG-AFS) and Inductively Couple Plasma-atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES). Limestone, dolomite and sodium carbonate were studied to control trace elements during coal gasification. Different additives show different performances in the control of trace elements. The adsorbing capacity of coal char to all of trace elements enhances when coal is mixed with limestone and dolomite. Chemical adsorption and physical adsorption of lime, which is decomposition product of limestone under high gasification temperature, are both important for As, Co, Cr, Se and Zn. The effects of limestone on Cd, Cu, Hg, Pb, V and Sr are merely caused by physical adsorption of CaO and the adsorbing capacity to Cd, Cu, V is much stronger than those to Hg, Pb, Sr. Dolomite has stronger adsorbing capacity to most of elements (except Cu, Se, Sr) than limestone. Addition of Na2CO3 decreases the MGEFs of As, Cd, Cr, Pb and Se while increases the MGEFs of Zn in coal char. Na2CO3 has little effect on the MGEFs of Co, Cu, Hg, V and Sr in coal char.
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Samadhi, Tjokorde Walmiki. "Thermochemical analysis of laterite ore alkali roasting: Comparison of sodium carbonate, sodium sulfate, and sodium hydroxide." In PROCEEDINGS OF THE 1ST INTERNATIONAL PROCESS METALLURGY CONFERENCE (IPMC 2016). Author(s), 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4974429.

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Maneekaew, Siriphat, Panich Voottipruex, Ittipon Meepon, and Sayam Kamkhunthod. "Activation of Kaolin Geopolymerization with Sodium Hydroxide." In The 12th National Conference on Technical Education and The 7th International Conference on Technical Education. KMUTNB, Bangkok, Thailand, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.14416/c.fte.2020.03.038.

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Sliburyte, Aukse, and Virgilijus Valeika. "Treatment of hide liming wastewater by carbon dioxide." In The 8th International Conference on Advanced Materials and Systems. INCDTP - Leather and Footwear Research Institute (ICPI), Bucharest, Romania, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.24264/icams-2020.iv.21.

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Results of the investigation of hide liming process wastewater treatment by carbon dioxide are presented in a paper. Comparison of the wastewater characteristics before and after the treatment by carbon dioxide was carried out. It was attempted to regenerate sodium sulphide using three different solutions: 10% solution of sodium carbonate and 5% or 10% solution of sodium hydroxide. The kinetic of sodium sulphide concentration, general alkalinity and pH was established. The solutions with the regenerated sodium sulphide were explored for unhairing of hide. The solution of 10% sodium hydroxide with regenerated sulphides was the mostly suitable for this aim. The properties of unhaired pelt were determined and assessed.
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Reports on the topic "Sodium hydride"

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Ozolins, Vidvuds, J. L. Herberg, Kevin F. McCarty, Robert S. Maxwell, Roland Rudolph Stumpf, and Eric H. Majzoub. Hydrogen storage in sodium aluminum hydride. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/875967.

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Perras, Yon E., Daniel E. Dedrick, and Mark D. Zimmerman. Wall pressure exerted by hydrogenation of sodium aluminum hydride. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/959082.

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Dedrick, Daniel E., Robert W. Bradshaw, and Richard, Jr Behrens. The reactivity of sodium alanates with O[2], H[2]O, and CO[2] : an investigation of complex metal hydride contamination in the context of automotive systems. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/920782.

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Darcy, Philip, David Trevett, and John Askew. Sodium Hydroxide Recycling System. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada607422.

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WILLIAMS, J. C., and B. E. HEY. Comparison Between Sodium Nitrite & Sodium Hydroxide Spray Accident. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/807506.

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Lumetta, Gregg J., Priscilla A. Garza, Tatiana G. Levitskaia, and Gilbert M. Brown. Sodium Hydroxide Extraction From Caustic Leaching Solutions. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/860130.

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Hobbs, D. T., and T. B. Edwards. Electrochemical Recovery of Sodium Hydroxide from Alkaline Salt Solution. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/626454.

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Mahoney, Lenna A., Doinita Neiner, Reid A. Peterson, Brian M. Rapko, Renee L. Russell, and Philip P. Schonewill. Alternative Sodium Recovery Technology?High Hydroxide Leaching: FY10 Status Report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1004805.

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Delegard, Calvin, Carolyn Pearce, Mateusz Dembowski, Michelle MV Snyder, Ian Leavy, Steven Baum, and Matthew Fountain. Aluminum Hydroxide Solubility in Sodium Hydroxide Solutions Containing Nitrite/Nitrate of Relevance to Hanford Tank Waste. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1660940.

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S.E. Ziemniak and E.P. Opalka. Phase Stability of Chromium(III) Oxide Hydroxide in Alkaline Sodium Phosphate Solutions. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/821873.

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