Relevant bibliographies by topics / Sodium calcium exchange

Academic literature on the topic 'Sodium calcium exchange'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Sodium calcium exchange"

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Schoenmakers, T. J., and G. Flik. "Sodium-extruding and calcium-extruding sodium/calcium exchangers display similar calcium affinities." Journal of Experimental Biology 168, no. 1 (July 1, 1992): 151–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.168.1.151.

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Na+/Ca2+ exchange activities in purely inside-out and mixed inside-out and right-side-out fish enterocyte basolateral plasma membrane vesicle preparations display equal affinities for Ca2+, showing that only the intracellular Ca2+ transport site of the Na+/Ca2+ exchanger is detected in experiments on vesicle preparations with mixed orientation. Therefore, Ca2+ pump and Na+/Ca2+ exchange activity may be compared directly without correction for vesicle orientation. The Na+/Ca2+ exchange activity in fish enterocyte vesicles is compared to the activity found in dog erythrocyte vesicles. The calcium-extruding exchanger in fish basolateral plasma membranes shows values of Km and V(max) for calcium similar to those found for the sodium-extruding exchanger in dog erythrocyte membranes, indicating that differences in electrochemical gradients underlie the difference in cellular function of the two exchangers.
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Johnson, E., and R. Lemieux. "Sodium-calcium exchange." Science 251, no. 4999 (March 15, 1991): 1370. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1848371.

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Goldhaber, Joshua I. "Sodium-Calcium Exchange." Circulation Research 85, no. 11 (November 26, 1999): 982–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/01.res.85.11.982.

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Schnetkamp, Paul. "Sodium-Calcium Exchange." Trends in Neurosciences 13, no. 9 (September 1990): 385. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0166-2236(90)90024-5.

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Philipson, Kenneth D., and Debora A. Nicoll. "Sodium-calcium exchange." Current Opinion in Cell Biology 4, no. 4 (August 1992): 678–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0955-0674(92)90089-u.

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HALE, CALVIN C., JULIE BOSSUYT, CHANANADA K. HILL, ELMER M. PRICE, DAN H. SCHULZE, JON W. LEDERER, ROBERTO POLJAK, and BRADFORD C. BRADEN. "Sodium-Calcium Exchange Crystallization." Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 976, no. 1 (January 24, 2006): 100–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.2002.tb04725.x.

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KANG, TONG MOOK, MARK STECIUK, and DONALD WILLIAM HILGEMANN. "Sodium-Calcium Exchange Stoichiometry." Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 976, no. 1 (January 24, 2006): 142–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.2002.tb04733.x.

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Reeves, John P., and Madalina Condrescu. "Allosteric Activation of Sodium–Calcium Exchange Activity by Calcium." Journal of General Physiology 122, no. 5 (October 27, 2003): 621–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1085/jgp.200308915.

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The activity of the cardiac Na+/Ca2+ exchanger is stimulated allosterically by Ca2+, but estimates of the half-maximal activating concentration have varied over a wide range. In Chinese hamster ovary cells expressing the cardiac Na+/Ca2+ exchanger, the time course of exchange-mediated Ca2+ influx showed a pronounced lag period followed by an acceleration of Ca2+ uptake. Lag periods were absent in cells expressing an exchanger mutant that was not dependent on regulatory Ca2+ activation. We assumed that the rate of Ca2+ uptake during the acceleration phase reflected the degree of allosteric activation of the exchanger and determined the value of cytosolic Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i) at which the rate of Ca2+ influx was half-maximal (Kh). After correcting for the effects of mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake and fura-2 buffering, Kh values of ∼300 nM were obtained. After an increase in [Ca2+]i, the activated state of the exchanger persisted following a subsequent reduction in [Ca2+]i to values <100 nM. Thus, within 30 s after termination of a transient increase in [Ca2+]i, exchange-mediated Ca2+ entry began without a lag period and displayed a linear rate of Ca2+ uptake in most cells; a sigmoidal time course of Ca2+ uptake returned 60–90 s after the transient increase in [Ca2+]i was terminated. Relaxation of the activated state was accelerated by the activity of the endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ pump, suggesting that local Ca2+ gradients contribute to maintaining exchanger activation after the return of global [Ca2+]i to low values.
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Blaustein, Mordecai P., and W. Jonathan Lederer. "Sodium/Calcium Exchange: Its Physiological Implications." Physiological Reviews 79, no. 3 (July 1, 1999): 763–854. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/physrev.1999.79.3.763.

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The Na+/Ca2+exchanger, an ion transport protein, is expressed in the plasma membrane (PM) of virtually all animal cells. It extrudes Ca2+in parallel with the PM ATP-driven Ca2+pump. As a reversible transporter, it also mediates Ca2+entry in parallel with various ion channels. The energy for net Ca2+transport by the Na+/Ca2+exchanger and its direction depend on the Na+, Ca2+, and K+gradients across the PM, the membrane potential, and the transport stoichiometry. In most cells, three Na+are exchanged for one Ca2+. In vertebrate photoreceptors, some neurons, and certain other cells, K+is transported in the same direction as Ca2+, with a coupling ratio of four Na+to one Ca2+plus one K+. The exchanger kinetics are affected by nontransported Ca2+, Na+, protons, ATP, and diverse other modulators. Five genes that code for the exchangers have been identified in mammals: three in the Na+/Ca2+exchanger family ( NCX1, NCX2, and NCX3) and two in the Na+/Ca2+plus K+family ( NCKX1 and NCKX2). Genes homologous to NCX1 have been identified in frog, squid, lobster, and Drosophila. In mammals, alternatively spliced variants of NCX1 have been identified; dominant expression of these variants is cell type specific, which suggests that the variations are involved in targeting and/or functional differences. In cardiac myocytes, and probably other cell types, the exchanger serves a housekeeping role by maintaining a low intracellular Ca2+concentration; its possible role in cardiac excitation-contraction coupling is controversial. Cellular increases in Na+concentration lead to increases in Ca2+concentration mediated by the Na+/Ca2+exchanger; this is important in the therapeutic action of cardiotonic steroids like digitalis. Similarly, alterations of Na+and Ca2+apparently modulate basolateral K+conductance in some epithelia, signaling in some special sense organs (e.g., photoreceptors and olfactory receptors) and Ca2+-dependent secretion in neurons and in many secretory cells. The juxtaposition of PM and sarco(endo)plasmic reticulum membranes may permit the PM Na+/Ca2+exchanger to regulate sarco(endo)plasmic reticulum Ca2+stores and influence cellular Ca2+signaling.
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Philipson, Kenneth D. "Cardiac sodium-calcium exchange research." Trends in Cardiovascular Medicine 2, no. 1 (January 1992): 12–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/1050-1738(92)90038-t.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Sodium calcium exchange"

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Bossuyt, Julie. "Sodium-calcium exchange and caveolins." MU has:, 2002. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fulltext?p3052149.

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Silva, Salomé Antolin Y. Moura de Oliveira e. "Sodium-calcium exchange in amphibian olfactory receptor cells." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.614204.

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Lagnado, Leon. "Electrogenic sodium-calcium exchange and the regulation of free calcium in vertebrate photoreceptors." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.303119.

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Raina, Hema, and hemaraina@yahoo com. "Functional significance of sodium calcium exchange in arteriolar myogenic zone." RMIT University. Medical Sciences, 2006. http://adt.lib.rmit.edu.au/adt/public/adt-VIT20080812.155348.

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To determine a possible role for NCX in myogenically active smooth muscle arterioles, studies were conducted by manipulation of extracellular Na+ levels and inhibition of the exchanger. Western blotting was performed for the identification of the NCX protein. Real-time PCR was performed to demonstrate the level of expression of mRNA, for the NCX isoforms. Antisense oligonucleotides against NCX mRNA were introduced in an isolated cremaster arteriole followed by functional studies after 24 hours. Level of expression of NCX was determined by western blotting. The data are consistent with the presence of NCX1 in the cremaster arterioles.
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Nguidjoe, Evrard. "Etude de la fonction de la cellule bêta pancréatique dans un modèle de souris présentant une mutation nulle partielle de l'échangeur sodium/calcium." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209833.

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Précédemment, nous avons montré que la surexpression de l'échangeur Na/Ca NCX1), une protéine responsable de la sortie de calcium (Ca2+) des cellules, augmentait la mort cellulaire programmée ou « apoptose » et réduisait la prolifération des cellules β. Afin d’étudier plus en profondeur le rôle de l’échangeur dans les cellules β in vivo, nous avons développé et caractérisé des souris présentant une inactivation de NCX1.

Des méthodes biologiques et morphologiques (imagerie du Ca2+, capture de Ca2+, métabolisme du glucose, sécrétion d'insuline et morphométrie par comptage de points) ont été utilisées pour évaluer la fonction de la cellule β in vitro. Les taux de glucose et d'insuline dans le sang ont été mesurés afin de déterminer le métabolisme du glucose et la sensibilité à l’insuline in vivo. Des îlots ont été transplantés sous la capsule rénale pour évaluer leur capacité à corriger le diabète chez les souris rendues diabétiques par l’alloxane.

L'inactivation hétérozygote de Ncx1 chez les souris provoque une augmentation de la sécrétion d’insuline induite par le glucose avec un renforcement important à la fois de la première et de la deuxième phase. Ces résultats s’accompagnent d’une augmentation de la masse et de la prolifération des cellules β. La mutation augmente également le contenu en insuline, l’immunomarquage de la proinsuline, la capture de Ca2+ induite par le glucose et la résistance à l'hypoxie des cellules β. En outre, les îlots de souris Ncx1+/- montrent une capacité à compenser le diabète 2 à 4 fois plus élevé que les îlots de souris Ncx1+/+ lorsque transplantés chez des souris diabétiques.

En conclusion, l’inactivation de l'échangeur Na/Ca conduit à une augmentation de la fonction de la cellule β, de sa prolifération, de sa masse et de sa résistance au stress physiologique, à savoir à divers changements de fonction des cellules β opposés aux principales anomalies rencontrées dans le diabète de type 2 (Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus,T2DM). Ceci nous procure un modèle unique pour la prévention et le traitement du dysfonctionnement des cellules β dans le T2DM et pour la transplantation d'îlots.


Doctorat en Sciences biomédicales et pharmaceutiques
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

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Yalala, Bongani Ndhlovu. "Ion exchange resins an functional fibres :a comparative study for the treatment of brine waste water." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2009. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_8342_1298358875.

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To improve the adsorption capacity of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) fibres, hydrophilic amidoxime fibres were prepared by subsequent conversion of the cyano groups to an amidoxime group by reacting with hydroxylamine at 80°
C at an optimum amidoximation time of 2 hrs. The amidoxime fibre was hydrolyzed/alkali treated in a solution of sodium hydroxide to enhance or improve the adsorption properties. This was followed by characterization of the amidoxime and hydrolyzed fibres using Scanning electron microscopy (SEM)
Fourier transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and exchange capacity (cationic and anionic). SEM showed that the hydrolysis process made the surface of Amidoxime fibre rougher than that of Polyacrylonitrile fibre. FTIR revealed that the hydrolyzed Amidoxime fibres contained conjugated imine (-C=N-) sequences. Functionalization enhanced the sorption of amidoxime fibres by an increase of 20 % in the cationic exchange capacity. This was achieved by the part conversion of the cyano groups into the carboxylic acid groups. The fibres showed faster kinetics largely due the available exchange sites on the surface of the fibres hence the equilibration was achieved much quicker.

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Reilly, Louise. "Palmitoylation of the cardiac sodium-calcium exchanger." Thesis, University of Dundee, 2014. https://discovery.dundee.ac.uk/en/studentTheses/37d8a92d-1536-4a05-85f6-a45f9c41a489.

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Sher, Anna. "Modelling local calcium dynamics and the sodium/calcium exchanger in ventricular myocytes." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.670114.

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Han, C. (Chunlei). "Intracellular calcium stores and sodium-calcium exchanger in cardiac myocytes:experimental and computer simulation study." Doctoral thesis, University of Oulu, 2001. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9514265912.

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Abstract Cytosolic Ca2+, [Ca2+]I , has a key role in intracellular signalling during excitation-contraction coupling (E-C coupling) in cardiac myocytes. The sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) is a main intracellular Ca2+ store and the Na+-Ca2+ exchanger (NaCaX) is a major mechanism to extrude Ca2+ for balancing the Ca2+ influx via L-type Ca2+ channels during excitation. Furthermore, [Ca2+]I also affects the configuration of the action potential (AP). The present study, by combination of animal experiments and computer simulations, investigated the roles of [Ca2+]I, SR and NaCaX in cardiac myocytes, in Ca2+-induced Ca2+ release (CICR) and in modulation of APs. The following were studied: (I) the stretch-induced effects on rat atrium and the role of [Ca2+]I in modulation of AP; (II) the role of the SR in modulation in rat atrium by stretch; (III) the role of NaCaX; (IV) the role of [Ca2+]I in modulation of action potential duration (APD) in myocytes with short and long action potential duration. In isolated rat atrial preparations, the physiological or moderate stretch stimulus caused two- phasic rise of developed contraction, rapid and slow phases, accompanied with slow increments of [Ca2+]I and prolongations of action potentials durations in continuous recordings. In sustained stretch, the APD and [Ca2+]I were all increased significantly when intra-atrial pressure increased from 1 to 3 mmHg. In computer simulations, employing a rat atrial model (RA model), it was found that stretch-activated channels and increased Tn C affinity for Ca2+ alone could not produce the changes in the experiments. Only after both mechanisms applied to model cells, the main experimental findings could be mimicked (I). The prolongation of APD induced by stretch in rat atrial preparations was reversed after depleting the Ca2+ content of the SR by application of the SR functional inhibitors, ryanodine, thapsigargin and caffeine (II). In the computer simulation using modified guinea pig ventricular model, the Ca2+ entry via the reversal of NaCaX was found to be accounting 25% of the total activator Ca2+ for triggering Ca2+ release from the SR during normal excitation. This contribution increases with elevated [Na+]i (III). In a guinea pig ventricular model (GPV model) and a RA model were employed for investigating the regulation of APD by [Ca2+]I-dependent membrane currents. Increased SR Ca2+ content produced an elevated [Ca2+]I in both model cells, leading to prolongation of APD in the RA model but shortening in the GPV model. Increased [Ca2+]I enhances the NaCaX current in the same scale in both models, but inhibits L-type Ca current much more in the GPV model than the RA model (IV). In conclusion, (I) Stretch-induced [Ca2+]I increase prolongs the rat atrial AP by enhancing the NaCaX inward current. Stretch-activated channels (SACs) and increased affinity of TnC for Ca2+ are main general factors responsible for the variety of changes of cardiac muscles induced by stretch. (II) The SR plays a crucial role in the modulation of myocytes by accumulating the additional Ca2+ influx via sarcolemma during stretch. (III) The NaCaX contributes a small part for activator Ca2+ for calcium release from the SR during normal cardiac E-C coupling. However, this contribution is [Na]i-dependent, and in some pathological conditions, it may be a potential factor for cardiac arrhythmogenesis. (IV) Different effects on the NaCaX and L-type channels induced by increased [Ca2+]I leads to the dispersion of the change of APD in myocytes with long and short AP during inotropic interventions that increase the [Ca2+]I.
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Hung, Hsiao-Yu. "Spatial organization of sodium calcium exchanger and caveolin-3 in developing mammalian ventricular cardiomyocytes." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/791.

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In adult cardiomyocytes, the established mechanism of excitation-contraction coupling is calcium-induced calcium release (CICR) mediated by L-type Ca2+ channels (Cav1.2). Briefly, membrane depolarization opens voltage-gated Cav1.2 to allow for the influx of extracellular Ca2+ into the cytosol. This small sarcolemmal (SL) Ca2+ influx is necessary for triggering a larger release of Ca2+ from the intracellular Ca2+ storage site, the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR), through the SR Ca2+ release channel also known as the ryanodine receptor (RyR). RyR-mediated release of SR Ca2+ effectively raises the cytosolic free Ca2+ concentration, allowing for Ca2+ binding to troponin C on the troponin-tropomysin complex, leading to cross-bridge formation and cell contraction. However, previous functional data suggests an additional CICR modality involving reverse mode Na+-Ca2+ exchanger (NCX) activity also exists in neonate cardiomyocytes. To further our understanding of how CICR changes occur during development, we investigated the spatial arrangement of caveolin-3 (cav-3), the principle structural protein of small membrane invaginations named caveolae, and NCX in developing rabbit ventricular myocytes. Using traditional as well as novel image processing and analysis techniques, both qualitative and quantitative findings firmly establish the highly robust and organized nature of NCX and cav-3 distributions during development. Specifically, our results show that NCX and cav-3 are distributed on the peripheral membrane as discrete clusters and are not highly colocalized throughout development. 3D distance analysis revealed that NCX and cav-3 clusters are organized with a distinct longitudinal and transverse periodicity of 1-1.5 μm and that NCX and cav-3 cluster have a pronounced tendency to be mutually exclusive on the cell periphery. Although these findings do not support the original hypothesis that caveolae is the structuring element for a restricted microdomain facilitating NCX-CICR, our results cannot rule out the existence of such microdomain organized by other anchoring proteins. The developmentally stable distributions of NCX and cav-3 imply that the observed developmental CICR changes are achieved by the spatial re-organization of other protein partners of NCX or non-spatial modifications. In addition, the newly developed image processing and analysis techniques can have wide applicability to the investigations on the spatial distribution of other proteins and cellular structures.
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Books on the topic "Sodium calcium exchange"

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Annunziato, Lucio, ed. Sodium Calcium Exchange: A Growing Spectrum of Pathophysiological Implications. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-4756-6.

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A, Allen T. Jeff, Noble Denis, and Reuter Harald, eds. Sodium-calcium exchange. Oxford [England]: Oxford University Press, 1989.

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A, Allen T. Jeff, Noble D, and Reuter Harald, eds. Sodium-calcium exchange. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1989.

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Sodium Calcium Exchange A Growing Spectrum Of Pathophysiological Implications Proceedings Of The 6th International Conference On Sodium Calcium Exchange. Springer, 2012.

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W, Hilgemann Donald, Philipson Kenneth D, Vassort Guy, New York Academy of Sciences., and International Conference on Sodium-Calcium Exchange (3rd : 1995 : Woods Hole, Mass.), eds. Sodium-calcium exchange: Proceedings of the Third International Conference. New York, N.Y: The New York Academy of Sciences, 1996.

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Annunziato, Lucio. Sodium Calcium Exchange: A Growing Spectrum of Pathophysiological Implications. Springer, 2012.

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Sodium-calcium exchange: Proceedings of the second international conference. New York, N.Y: New York Academy of Sciences, 1991.

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Annunziato, Lucio. Sodium Calcium Exchange : A Growing Spectrum of Pathophysiological Implications: Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Sodium Calcium ... in Experimental Medicine and Biology). Springer, 2016.

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(Editor), Jonathan Lytton, Paul P. M. Schnetkamp (Editor), Larry V. Hryshko (Editor), and M. P. Blaustein (Editor), eds. Cellular and Molecular Physiology of Sodium-Calcium Exchange: Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference (Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences). New York Academy of Sciences, 2002.

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Cellular and Molecular Physiology of Sodium-Calcium Exchange: Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference (Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, V. 976). New York Academy of Sciences, 2002.

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Book chapters on the topic "Sodium calcium exchange"

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Reeves, John P., Diane C. Ahrens, Joo Cheon, and John T. Durkin. "Sodium-Calcium Exchange in the Heart." In Calcium Transport and Intracellular Calcium Homeostasis, 105–21. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-83977-1_11.

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Reeves, John P., and Joo Cheon. "The Cardiac Sodium—Calcium Exchange System." In Cell Calcium Metabolism, 27–31. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-5598-4_4.

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Hryshko, L. V., and Kenneth D. Philipson. "Sodium-calcium exchange: Recent advances." In Alterations of Excitation-Contraction Coupling in the Failing Human Heart, 67–75. Heidelberg: Steinkopff, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-48670-8_6.

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Baker, P. F. "The Sodium-Calcium Exchange System." In Novartis Foundation Symposia, 73–92. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470513347.ch6.

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Kaczorowski, G. J., M. L. Garcia, V. F. King, and R. S. Slaughter. "Development of Inhibitors of Sodium, Calcium Exchange." In Calcium in Drug Actions, 163–83. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-71806-9_9.

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Philipson, Kenneth D., and Malcolm M. Bersohn. "Sodium-Calcium Exchange: Calcium Regulation at the Sarcolemma." In Myocardial and Skeletal Muscle Bioenergetics, 557–62. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-5107-8_42.

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Blaustein, M. P., S. Bova, X. J. Yuan, and W. F. Goldman. "The Role of Sodium/Calcium Exchange in the Regulation of Vascular Contractility." In Calcium Transport and Intracellular Calcium Homeostasis, 123–32. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-83977-1_12.

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Noble, Denis. "The functional significance of sodium-calcium exchange." In Developments in Cardiovascular Medicine, 457–67. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3990-8_40.

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Pierce, G. N., and T. G. Maddaford. "Involvement of Sodium-Calcium Exchange in Cardiac Pathology." In Developments in Cardiovascular Medicine, 85–96. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-1513-1_6.

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Menè, P., F. Pugliese, and G. A. Cinotti. "Sodium/Calcium Exchange in Cultured Human Mesangial Cells." In Cellular Aspects of Hypertension, 157–65. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-00983-3_15.

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Conference papers on the topic "Sodium calcium exchange"

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Yung E Earm, Won Kyung Ho, Insuk So, and Chae Hun Leem. "Sodium-calcium Exchange Tail Current In Atrial Myocytes Of The Rabbit - An Index Of Subsarcolemmal Calcium Concentrations ?" In Proceedings of the Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iembs.1992.589521.

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Earm, Yung E., Won Kyung Ho, Insuk So, and Chae Hun Leem. "Sodium-calcium exchange tail current in atrial myocytes of the rabbit — An index of subsarcolemmal calcium concentrations?" In 1992 14th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iembs.1992.5760875.

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Jarvis, P. M., D. A. J. Galvin, S. D. Blair, and C. N. McCollum. "HOW DOES CALCIUM ALGINATE ACHIEVE HAEMOSTASIS IN SURGERY?" In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1643074.

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Calcium alginate (Kaltostat, Cair Ltd) is a new absorbable material for topical haemostasis in surgery. The possible mode of action, release of calcium ions in exchange for sodium was investigated in human blood.Calcium release was measured in 15 mg samples of calcium alginate placed in 20 ml of 0.9% saline, for intervals of 1, 3 or 10 minutes. To assess the effect on platelets, 3 mg of calcium alginate or surgical gauze were added to 5 ml of Heparinised (100 units) fresh blood for 2 minutes and platelet counts then made using plain blood as a control. Finally using a thrombelastograph, the activation of whole blood coagulation was assessed after a 2 minute contact with 3 mg of calcium alginate, surgical gauze or no additive as control.When calcium alginate was placed in saline, 26% of calcium ions were released in 1 minute giving a calcium ion concentration of 4.62 t 0.02 mmol/L, with only slight further release after 10 minutes to 4.82 ± 0.004 mmol/L. There was a corresponding decrease in sodium ion concentration. Adding calcium alginate to whole blood reduced the platelet count from a control value of 248 i 16 × 109/L to 222 f 15 × 109/L (p< 0.05) compared to 241 ± 15 × 109/L for surgical gauze. Similarly calcium alginate shortened whole blood coagulation time from 17-7 i 1.0 minutes control, to 12.9 ± 1-32 mins (p< 0.001) compared to 15.0 ± 1.5 mins (p< 0.02) for surgical gauze.Calcium alginate rapidly releases calcium ions in exchange for sodium on contact with blood stimulating both platelet activation and whole blood coagulation, significantly more than simple contact activation by surgical gauze.
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Chan, K. C., Christopher Y. H. Chao, G. N. Sze-To, and K. S. Hui. "Development of New Zeolite 13X/CaCl2 Composite Adsorbent for Air-Conditioning Application." In ASME 2011 5th International Conference on Energy Sustainability. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2011-54052.

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Composite adsorbents synthesized from zeolite 13X and CaCl2 were investigated for applications in solar adsorption systems. The effect of Ca-ion-exchange on the adsorption properties of zeolite 13X was studied. Sodium ions in the zeolite structure were replaced by calcium ions by ion exchange. It was found that the Ca-ion-exchange process decreased the specific surface areas of the Ca-ion-exchanged zeolites while the total pore volumes were increased. The optimized Ca-ion-exchange condition existed when soaking zeolite 13X in 46wt% CaCl2 solution for 36 hours. The increase in the total pore volume is good for further impregnating the zeolite with CaCl2. A large difference in equilibrium water uptake, 0.404g/g, between 25°C and 100°C under 870Pa was recorded for the 13X/CaCl2 composite adsorbent impregnated in 40wt% CaCl2 solution. This was 295% of that of zeolite 13X under the same condition. The 13X/CaCl2 composite adsorbent showed a high potential in replacing vapor compression chillers in producing chilled water for central air-conditioning systems.
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Zou, Yong, Liang Zhao, Gongming Xin, and Lin Cheng. "Effect of Metallic Ion on the Formation of Calcium Carbonate Fouling." In 2010 14th International Heat Transfer Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ihtc14-22312.

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Calcium carbonate (CaCO3) is the most common fouling adhering on the surface of heat exchanger. But metallic ion in natural water could affect the crystalline type of calcium carbonate. In this study, the effect of sodium ion, magnesium ion and aluminum ion on crystalline type and morphology of CaCO3 were reported. The experimental results indicate that the addition of sodium ion has no obvious role for changing the crystalline type of CaCO3, only calcite was obtained and the lattice parameter of calcite has a little variation depending on the concentration of sodium ion. However, the addition of magnesium and aluminum ion prompts obviously the formation of aragonite. In order to clarify the mechanism about the effect of metallic ion on lattice stability of calcium carbonate, the energies and electronic structures for the calcite with sodium, magnesium or aluminum inclusion have been determined from first-principle calculations. The calculated results indicate magnesium and aluminum inclusion has more effects on the stability of calcite than that of sodium inclusion.
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Izadi, M., D. K. Aidun, P. Marzocca, and H. Lee. "The Experimental Investigation of Fouling Phenomenon in Heat Exchangers by Heat Transfer Resistance Monitoring (HTRM) Method." In ASME 2009 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2009-12524.

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The aim of this paper is to describe a monitoring system for fouling phenomenon in tubular heat exchangers. This system is based on a physical model of the fouling resistance. A mathematical model of the fouling resistance is developed based on the applied thermal heat, the inside heat transfer coefficient, and geometrical characteristics of the heat exchanger under consideration. The resulting model is a function of measured quantities such as water and tube wall temperatures, fluid flow velocities, and some physical properties of the fluid flowing inside the tubes such as viscosity, conductivity, and density. An on-line fouling evaluation system was prepared and the heat transfer resistance for selected solutions was measured in real time by this system. The effect of concentration and chemical reactions on fouling is studied experimentally by using different contaminants such as sodium bicarbonate, calcium chloride, and their mixture. Accelerated corrosion was observed for the calcium chloride-0.4g/l solution due to the presence of chlorine ions. This corrosion-fouling can be mitigated by adding sodium bicarbonate. However, calcium carbonate is formed as the result of the chemical reaction between calcium chloride and sodium bicarbonate which activates two other fouling categories, particulate fouling and crystallization. The inside surface of the tube is analyzed by analytical microscopy after the experiment to investigate different fouling categories. Experimental results provide quantitative information of liquid-side fouling on heat transfer surfaces, and its effects on the thermal efficiency. Experimental data is significantly important for the design, and for formulating operating, and cleaning schedules of the equipment.
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Zheng, Yun-Min, Lin Mei, Ling Dong, and Yong-Xiao Wang. "Genetic Evidence For Essential Role Of Sodium-Calcium Exchanger In Development Of Pulmonary Hypertension." In American Thoracic Society 2012 International Conference, May 18-23, 2012 • San Francisco, California. American Thoracic Society, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2012.185.1_meetingabstracts.a4750.

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Balasubramaniam, Sona Lakshme, Anilkumar Gopalakrishnapillai, Nicholas J. Petrelli, and Sonali P. Barwe. "Abstract 3931: Sodium-calcium exchanger-1 regulates the epithelial phenotype and is lost in renal cancers." In Proceedings: AACR Annual Meeting 2017; April 1-5, 2017; Washington, DC. American Association for Cancer Research, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2017-3931.

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Shestakova, N. N., and D. A. Belinskaia. "Structure of the Cation- And Ligand-Binding Sites of Human Sodium-Calcium Exchanger According to Homology Modeling." In Mathematical Biology and Bioinformatics. Pushchino: IMPB RAS - Branch of KIAM RAS, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.17537/icmbb20.2.

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Izadi, M., D. K. Aidun, P. Marzocca, and H. Lee. "Effect of Surface Roughness on Fouling of Calcium Carbonate: An Experimental Investigation." In ASME 2010 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2010-40623.

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The effect of surface roughness on the fouling behavior of calcium carbonate is experimentally investigated. The real operating conditions of a tubular heat exchanger are simulated by performing prolonged experiments with duration of 3 to 7 days. The solution used is a mixture of sodium bicarbonate and calcium chloride in de-ionized water with the concentration of 0.4 g/l of each. An on-line fouling evaluation system was developed such that the fouling resistance for a selected solution could be measured in real time. The experiments are repeated with the same procedure for 90/10 Cu/Ni tubes with different internal surface roughness. After the experiment the surface is analyzed by analytical microscopy to investigate the morphology of the deposit layer. Comparison of the experimental results of smooth and rough surfaces shows that a combination of aragonite and calcite polymorphs are formed on rough surface while only dendritic porous aragonite crystals are formed on smooth surface. Accordingly, the deposit layer formed on rough surface is denser and has a higher thermal resistance comparing to that formed on smooth surface. The fouling factor-time curves of smooth and rough surfaces obtained by the current experimental study agree with the results found by the analytical microscopy of the surface and show higher fouling resistances for rough surface. Experimental data is significantly important for the design, and formulating operating, and cleaning schedules of the equipment.
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