Journal articles: 'Sodium accumulation'

1

Titze, Jens. "Water-Free Sodium Accumulation." Seminars in Dialysis 22, no. 3 (May 2009): 253–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1525-139x.2009.00569.x.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

2

Sulyok, Endre, Bálint Farkas, Bernadett Nagy, Ákos Várnagy, Kálmán Kovács, and József Bódis. "Tissue Sodium Accumulation: Pathophysiology and Clinical Implications." Antioxidants 11, no. 4 (April 9, 2022): 750. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox11040750.

Full text

Abstract:

Excessive sodium intake has been well established as a risk factor for the development and progression of cardiovascular and renal diseases. Its adverse effects are achieved by renal sodium retention and related volume expansion and by inducing low-grade inflammation and oxidative stress (OS) in the target tissues. This review presents the recent concept of nonosmotic sodium storage in the skin interstitium, the subsequent dissociation of sodium and volume homeostasis, and the cellular response to the increased tissue sodium concentration. Furthermore, data are shown on the sodium barrier and buffering potential of the endothelial glycocalyx that may protect the functional integrity of the endothelium when it is challenged by an increased sodium load. Finally, examples will be given of the involvement of oxygen free radicals (OFR) in sodium-induced tissue damage, and some clinical entities will be mentioned that are causally associated with sodium/volume retention and OS.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

3

Essah, Pauline A., Romola Davenport, and Mark Tester. "Sodium Influx and Accumulation in Arabidopsis." Plant Physiology 133, no. 1 (August 7, 2003): 307–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1104/pp.103.022178.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

4

Eimers, M. Catherine, Kelli-Nicole Croucher, Shanel M. Raney, and Melinda L. Morris. "Sodium accumulation in calcareous roadside soils." Urban Ecosystems 18, no. 4 (April 10, 2015): 1213–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11252-015-0454-8.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

5

Hoyer, Kirsten, James Balschi, John Shryock, Luiz Belardinelli, and Joanne S. Ingwall. "Blocking the Late Sodium Current Reduces Intracellular Sodium Accumulation During Sodium Pump Inhibition." Biophysical Journal 96, no. 3 (February 2009): 623a—624a. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bpj.2008.12.3296.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

6

Jin, Feng, Cheng Ran, Qul Aqa Anwari, Yan Qiu Geng, Li Ying Guo, Jian Bo Li, Dong Han, Xian Qin Zhang, Xu Liu, and Xi Wen Shao. "Effects of biochar on sodium ion accumulation, yield and quality of rice in saline-sodic soil of the west of Songnen plain, northeast China." Plant, Soil and Environment 64, No. 12 (November 30, 2018): 612–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/359/2018-pse.

Full text

Abstract:

This study evaluated the effects of biochar application on sodium ion accumulation, yield and quality of rice in saline-sodic soil by using a pot experiment. Rice was grown in the soil with no biochar, 15 g biochar per kilogram soil, 30 g biochar per kilogram soil and 45 g biochar per kilogram soil. The results indicated that biochar application significantly decreased sodium ion accumulation of rice plant parts, while it obviously increased rice dry biomass, grain yield and improved rice quality. The results suggested that biochar application to saline-sodic paddy soil has benefits to reduce stress and promote the increase of rice yield and quality formation in saline-sodic soil.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

7

Yi, Liang Peng, and Zu Wei Wang. "Effects of Three Salts to Oilseed Rape (Brassica napus) Accumulating Cadmium in Cd-Contaminated Soil." Advanced Materials Research 356-360 (October 2011): 63–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.356-360.63.

Full text

Abstract:

In order to use the Cd-contaminated saline soil, experiments have been carried out to analyze the differences among effects of three salts on cadmium accumulation capacities of Brassica Napus in Cd-contaminated soil, thus to figure out the phytoremediation effects of planting Brassica Napus in different types of Cd-contaminated saline soils. Brassica Napus(a cadmium hyperaccumulator plant) has been as the research plant, the Brassica Napus was planted in Cd-contaminated soils (Cd: 10 mg•kg-1) with different salt concentrations(0 g•kg-1, 2g•kg-1,4 g•kg-1 and 6 g•kg-1) for 60 days as required by the greenhouse pot soil culture experiment, thus to study the bioconcentration factor(BCF) of Brassica Napus on Cd and the effects of Brassica Napus on the changes of concentrations in the shoots and roots. The three main salts in the soil, namely, sodium chloride, sodium sulfate and sodium carbonate, were chosen as the analysis and research objects. The results showed that the soil containing sodium carbonate inhibited the Brassica Napus from absorbing Cd in the soil, so did the soil containing sodium sulfate, however, the effect was not so obvious as that of the soil containing sodium carbonate. However, the soil containing sodium chloride had little impact on Cd absorption of the Brassica Napus that it could only slightly promote the cadmium accumulation capacities of Brassica Napus under a very high concentration, In different types of saline soils, there were significant differences among the effects of different salts on cadmium accumulation capacities of Brassica Napus, the sodium chloride in the soil had little impact on cadmium accumulation capacities of the roots of Brassica Napus, however, it could enhance the cadmium accumulation capacities of the shoots of Brassica Napus; the sodium carbonate in the soil could significantly inhibit the shoots and roots of Brassica Napus from accumulating the cadmium, therefore, it was not conducive for the Brassica Napus to accumulate cadmium.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

8

Moraghan, J. T., and J. J. Hammond. "Accumulation of Sodium and Potassium by Flax." Soil Science Society of America Journal 60, no. 3 (May 1996): 832–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2136/sssaj1996.03615995006000030022x.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

9

Mizisin, Andrew P., Robert R. Myers, and Henry C. Powell. "Endoneurial sodium accumulation in galactosemic rat nerves." Muscle & Nerve 9, no. 5 (June 1986): 440–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mus.880090509.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

10

Munns, Rana, Gregory J. Rebetzke, Shazia Husain, Richard A. James, and Ray A. Hare. "Genetic control of sodium exclusion in durum wheat." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 54, no. 7 (2003): 627. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar03027.

Full text

Abstract:

Salt tolerance in the genus Triticum is associated with low accumulation of Na+ in leaves. Durum and other tetraploid wheats generally have high accumulation of Na+ relative to bread wheat, and are salt sensitive, but a durum wheat landrace, Line 149, was found to have unusually low leaf Na+ accumulation. Populations were developed from crosses between 149 and the high Na+ accumulation variety Tamaroi, as well as between 149 and a durum wheat landrace with very high Na+ accumulation, Line 141. The third leaf of parental lines, F1, F2, and low- and high-selected F2:3 progeny was assayed for Na+ uptake when grown in 150 mM NaCl. Sodium concentrations were significantly (P < 0.01) lower in the low Na+ uptake Line 149 compared with high Na+ uptake Tamaroi (5-fold greater Na+ accumulation) and Line 141 (7-fold greater Na+ accumulation). There was no evidence of any maternal genetic effect on Na+ accumulation. The F1 progeny mean was intermediate to the mid- and low-parent means, suggesting incomplete dominance gene action. Progeny in the F2 generation of both populations segregated for Na+ accumulation in a 15 (low Na+) : 1 (high Na+) ratio (χ215:1 = 0.27 and 0.46, P > 0.50n.s. for 149/Tamaroi and 149/141, respectively), indicating duplicate dominance epistasis arising from segregation of 2 interacting dominant genes. Small yet significant (P < 0.01) genotypic variation was also observed for minor genes affecting Na+ accumulation. Realised heritabilities were moderate to high (h2R = 0.43–0.90) across populations, indicating good response to selection for low Na+ accumulation in the F2 generation. The simple genetic control of Na+ accumulation suggests relative ease of selection of lines with low Na+ accumulation. However, presence of dominance will require selection to be delayed until after 1 or 2 generations of inbreeding, or after progeny-testing of selected low Na+ accumulation families.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

11

Tanonaka, Kouichi, Ayako Takasaki, Hiroshi Kajiwara, and Satoshi Takeo. "Contribution of sodium channel and sodium/hydrogen exchanger to sodium accumulation in the ischemic myocardium." General Pharmacology: The Vascular System 34, no. 3 (March 2000): 167–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0306-3623(00)00057-4.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

12

Figdore, Scott S., W. H. Gabelman, and G. C. Gerloff. "Inheritance of Potassium Efficiency, Sodium Substitution Capacity, and Sodium Accumulation in Tomatoes Grown Under Low-potassium Stress." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 114, no. 2 (March 1989): 322–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.114.2.322.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract One hundred tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) strains were grown under low-K stress (0.071 mm K) in the absence and presence of added Na to identify strain differences in efficient K use, efficient substitution of Na for K, and upper leaf Na accumulation. Five strains, selected as representing extreme differences for K efficiency and Na substitution capacity, were used as parents to create a series of F1, F2, and backcross generations to study the inheritance of K efficiency, Na substitution, and upper leaf Na accumulation of tomatoes grown under low-K stress. Reciprocal differences in the F1 generation were relatively unimportant in the inheritance of K efficiency, Na substitution capacity, and Na accumulation. K efficiency in the absence of Na was a trait of low heritability, with highly significant additive, dominance, and additive × additive epistatic effects. Na substitution capacity was highly heritable, with highly significant additive and dominance effects. Na accumulation also was highly heritable, with highly significant additive effects. Moderately high correlations were observed between Na accumulation and Na substitution capacity within genetically segregating generations.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

13

England, J. D., L. T. Happel, D. G. Kline, F. Gamboni, C. L. Thouron, Z. P. Liu, and S. R. Levinson. "Sodium channel accumulation in humans with painful neuromas." Neurology 47, no. 1 (July 1, 1996): 272–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/wnl.47.1.272.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

14

Li, Liren, William E. Louch, Steven A. Niederer, Jan M. Aronsen, Geir Christensen, Ole M. Sejersted, and Nicolas P. Smith. "Sodium Accumulation in SERCA Knockout-Induced Heart Failure." Biophysical Journal 102, no. 9 (May 2012): 2039–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bpj.2012.03.045.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

15

Hootman, R. G., P. D. Kelsey, R. Reid, and K. von der Heide-Spravka. "Factors Affecting Accumulation of Deicing Salts in Soils Around Trees." Arboriculture & Urban Forestry 20, no. 3 (May 1, 1994): 196–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.48044/jauf.1994.035.

Full text

Abstract:

Parkways, street tree planter boxes, and highway medians and roadsides are locations where soil accumulation of deicing salts is highest. Sodium chloride is the most common deicer applied in the United States. Sodium chloride and other salts accumulating in the root zone may instigate and exacerbate street tree decline. Salts affect soil aggregate stability, porosity, and water and nutrient uptake in trees. Data collected in Chicago, Illinois show much higher soil sodium (1,272 jxg/g) and chloride (348 |ig/g) in the center of newly installed, narrow, raised medians along Lake Shore Drive after one winter, compared to the center of wide medians along the roadway (236 ng/g sodium and 23 (ig/g chloride). Proximity to high speed traffic and its associated spray and splash were reasons for this. In suburban Downers Grove, Illinois, grade level street tree planter soils had extremely high levels of sodium (1,426 |ig/g to 2,277 |ig/g) compared to adjacent raised planter soils. The raised planters did not receive saltladen runoff, splash, plowed snow, or direct application from salt spreaders.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

16

Liu, Jing, Elaine L. Shelton, Rachelle Crescenzi, Daniel C. Colvin, Annet Kirabo, Jianyong Zhong, Eric J. Delpire, Hai-Chun Yang, and Valentina Kon. "Kidney Injury Causes Accumulation of Renal Sodium That Modulates Renal Lymphatic Dynamics." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 3 (January 27, 2022): 1428. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23031428.

Full text

Abstract:

Lymphatic vessels are highly responsive to changes in the interstitial environment. Previously, we showed renal lymphatics express the Na-K-2Cl cotransporter. Since interstitial sodium retention is a hallmark of proteinuric injury, we examined whether renal sodium affects NKCC1 expression and the dynamic pumping function of renal lymphatic vessels. Puromycin aminonucleoside (PAN)-injected rats served as a model of proteinuric kidney injury. Sodium 23Na/1H-MRI was used to measure renal sodium and water content in live animals. Renal lymph, which reflects the interstitial composition, was collected, and the sodium analyzed. The contractile dynamics of isolated renal lymphatic vessels were studied in a perfusion chamber. Cultured lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) were used to assess direct sodium effects on NKCC1. MRI showed elevation in renal sodium and water in PAN. In addition, renal lymph contained higher sodium, although the plasma sodium showed no difference between PAN and controls. High sodium decreased contractility of renal collecting lymphatic vessels. In LECs, high sodium reduced phosphorylated NKCC1 and SPAK, an upstream activating kinase of NKCC1, and eNOS, a downstream effector of lymphatic contractility. The NKCC1 inhibitor furosemide showed a weaker effect on ejection fraction in isolated renal lymphatics of PAN vs controls. High sodium within the renal interstitium following proteinuric injury is associated with impaired renal lymphatic pumping that may, in part, involve the SPAK-NKCC1-eNOS pathway, which may contribute to sodium retention and reduce lymphatic responsiveness to furosemide. We propose that this lymphatic vessel dysfunction is a novel mechanism of impaired interstitial clearance and edema in proteinuric kidney disease.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

17

Rybár, Radim, and Martin Beer. "Application potential analysis of heat accumulator for mining mechanisms." E3S Web of Conferences 134 (2019): 01021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201913401021.

Full text

Abstract:

The paper deals with the application potential analysis of heat accumulators for mining machines working in cold climatic conditions. The proposed concept works with the idea of accumulating waste heat generated by the operation of an internal combustion engine, with use of exhaust heat, heat from the radiator and heat from the drive of the hydraulic system. An important innovative element is the use of the heterogeneous structure of phase change material - sodium acetate as a storage substance and a metal foam matrix. The use of sodium acetate enable to store heat for a long period of time without heat loss and the metal foam matrix significantly increases the thermal conductivity. The presented paper deals with the analysis of the functionality of the heat accumulator prototype and with the description of the key phase of the working cycle - heat accumulation.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

18

Lisik, Maria J. "The effect of sodium humane on the growth of tomatoes and the accumulation of phosphorus and iron in mediums of different pH." Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae 53, no. 3 (2014): 377–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.5586/asbp.1984.033.

Full text

Abstract:

The effect of sodium humate on changes in the phosphorus and iron content in shoots of tomatoes cultivated in mediums with a raised or lowered pH and phosphorus dose (compared with controls) were analysed. At low pH, sodium humate increased the accumulation of phosphorus and lessened the excessive accumulation of iron in plants cultivated under conditions of phosphours deficit. At a slightly alkaline pH, sodium humate prevented excessive, accumulation of phosphorus and raised low iron contents. A favorable effect of humate on dry mass production was clearly seen at pH 6.4.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

19

Costa, Monalisa Soares, Mário Monteiro Rolim, Gerônimo Ferreira da Silva, Djalma Euzébio Simões Neto, and Elvira Maria Regis Pedrosa. "Nutrient content and accumulation in sugarcane under mineral fertilization and high doses of vinasse." Semina: Ciências Agrárias 42, no. 2 (February 24, 2021): 565–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2021v42n2p565.

Full text

Abstract:

Vinasse, a waste from ethanol production, has been widely used as a means of fertigation in sugarcane. However, high dose limits application at and its effects on nutrient absorption and accumulation by the crop are not known. The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare, during the initial development of sugarcane, the effect of mineral fertilization and high doses of vinasse on the macronutrient and sodium contents of the top visible dewlap (TVD) leaf and their respective accumulations in the aerial part of the crop. The experiment was carried out in 100-dm3 pots filled with Argisol. The treatments consisted of five doses of vinasse (0, 150, 300, 600 and 1200 m3 ha-1) and an additional treatment with no vinasse and mineral fertilizer (500 kg ha-1 of the NPK 14-24-18 formulation). The levels of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium and sodium were evaluated in the TVD leaf at 120 days after planting and their accumulation in the aerial part of the plant at 210 days. Data were subjected to analysis of variance and compared using regression analysis and orthogonal contrasts. The vinasse doses applied did not adequately nourish the crop in macronutrients. Mineral fertilization provided higher N and P levels. The highest doses of vinasse provided higher levels of K, Ca and Mg and larger accumulations of N, P, K and Na, but were detrimental to the accumulation of Ca. The descending order of accumulation of macronutrients and sodium with mineral fertilization was P> Ca> N> K> Mg> Na. For the application of vinasse, the descending order was K> P> Ca> N> Na> Mg. In the absence of mineral fertilization and vinasse, the descending order was P> Ca> K> N> Mg> Na.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

20

Heikkila, J. J., S. P. Darasch, D. D. Mosser, and N. C. Bols. "Heat and sodium arsenite act synergistically on the induction of heat shock gene expression in Xenopus laevis A6 cells." Biochemistry and Cell Biology 65, no. 4 (April 1, 1987): 310–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/o87-040.

Full text

Abstract:

Heat shock protein (HSP) synthesis was studied in the Xenopus epithelial cell line A6 in response to heat and sodium arsenite, either singly or together. Temperatures of 33–35 °C consistently brought about the synthesis of HSPs at 87,73,70,54,31, and 30 kilodaltons (kDa), whereas sodium arsenite at 25–100 μM induced the synthesis of HSPs at 73 and 70 kDa. In cultures exposed to 10 μM sodium arsenite at 30 °C, HSP synthesis in the 68- to 73-kDa and 29- to 31-kDa regions was much greater than the HSP synthesis in response to each treatment individually. RNA dot blot analysis using homologous genomic subclones revealed that heat shock induced the accumulation of HSP 70 and 30 mRN As. The sizes of the HSP 70 and 30 mRN As determined by Northern hybridization were 2.7 and 1.5 kilobases, respectively. Sodium arsenite (10–100 μM) also induced the accumulation of both HSP 70 and 30 mRNAs. Finally, a mild heat shock (30 °C) plus a low concentration of sodium arsenite (10 μM) acted synergistically on HSP 70 and 30 mRN A accumulation in A6 cells. Thus sodium arsenite and heat act synergistically at the level of both HSP synthesis and HSP mRNA accumulation.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

21

Liu, Fu-jun, George P. Cobb, Todd A. Anderson, Qiu-qiong Cheng, and Christopher W. Theodorakis. "Uptake, accumulation and depuration of sodium perchlorate and sodium arsenate in zebrafish (Danio rerio)." Chemosphere 65, no. 10 (December 2006): 1679–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2006.05.030.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

22

TALEISNIK, EDITH L. "Sodium Accumulation in Pappophorum I. Uptake, Transport and Recirculation." Annals of Botany 63, no. 2 (February 1989): 221–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.aob.a087736.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

23

Bryson, Gretchen M., and Allen V. Barker. "Sodium accumulation in soils and plants along Massachusetts roadsides." Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis 33, no. 1-2 (January 30, 2002): 67–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1081/css-120002378.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

24

Aydemir, S., N. F. Najjar, and C. T. Hallmark. "Exchangeable Sodium Accumulation with Irrigation in Soils under Turfgrass." Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis 36, no. 11-12 (June 2005): 1611–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1081/css-200059097.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

25

Maarouf, Adil, Bertrand Audoin, Simon Konstandin, Audrey Rico, Elisabeth Soulier, Françoise Reuter, Arnaud Le Troter, et al. "Topography of brain sodium accumulation in progressive multiple sclerosis." Magnetic Resonance Materials in Physics, Biology and Medicine 27, no. 1 (August 3, 2013): 53–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10334-013-0396-1.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

26

Yang, Jia-Shuo, Yanjiao Dai, Yongjun Liu, Shuhui Duan, Yang-Yang Li, Risheng Hu, Zhicheng Zhou, Yi Shi, Haiwei Liu, and Shusheng Wang. "Reduced cadmium accumulation in tobacco by sodium chloride priming." Environmental Science and Pollution Research 27, no. 30 (May 12, 2020): 37410–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-09134-z.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

27

Donadieu, Maxime, Yann Le Fur, Adil Maarouf, Soraya Gherib, Ben Ridley, Lauriane Pini, Stanislas Rapacchi, et al. "Metabolic counterparts of sodium accumulation in multiple sclerosis: A whole brain 23Na-MRI and fast 1H-MRSI study." Multiple Sclerosis Journal 25, no. 1 (October 24, 2017): 39–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1352458517736146.

Full text

Abstract:

Background: Increase of brain total sodium concentrations (TSC) is present in multiple sclerosis (MS), but its pathological involvement has not been assessed yet. Objective: To determine in vivo the metabolic counterpart of brain sodium accumulation. Materials/methods: Whole brain 23Na-MR imaging and 3D-1H-EPSI data were collected in 21 relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) patients and 20 volunteers. Metabolites and sodium levels were extracted from several regions of grey matter (GM), normal-appearing white matter (NAWM) and white matter (WM) T2 lesions. Metabolic and ionic levels expressed as Z-scores have been averaged over the different compartments and used to explain sodium accumulations through stepwise regression models. Results: MS patients showed significant 23Na accumulations with lower choline and glutamate–glutamine (Glx) levels in GM; 23Na accumulations with lower N-acetyl aspartate (NAA), Glx levels and higher Myo-Inositol (m-Ins) in NAWM; and higher 23Na, m-Ins levels with lower NAA in WM T2 lesions. Regression models showed associations of TSC increase with reduced NAA in GM, NAWM and T2 lesions, as well as higher total-creatine, and smaller decrease of m-Ins in T2 lesions. GM Glx levels were associated with clinical scores. Conclusion: Increase of TSC in RRMS is mainly related to neuronal mitochondrial dysfunction while dysfunction of neuro-glial interactions within GM is linked to clinical scores.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

28

Potluri, Devi Prasad V. "(295) Relationship Between Macromolecule and Metal Ion Accumulation in Two Salt-stressed Cultivars of Sweetpotato under In Vitro Conditions." HortScience 41, no. 4 (July 2006): 1079A—1079. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.41.4.1079a.

Full text

Abstract:

Two cultivars of sweetpotato [Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.], Commensal and Salyboro, were subjected to salt stress using axillary bud cultures. The salt levels ranged from 0–150 mM. After 10 weeks of growth, plantlet shoot height, dry weight, number of nodes, levels of proline, soluble carbohydrate, and protein; and metal ions sodium, potassium, magnesium, and calcium, were measured. In both cultivars, proline accumulation was higher in the shoot. There was a positive correlation between the increase in soluble carbohydrates and proteins in `Commnesal', but not in `Salyboro'. More sodium accumulated in the shoots of `Salyboro' compared to `Commensal'. The accumulation of sodium reduced the calcium and potassium, but not magnesium levels. Increase in sodium levels correlated with the increase in soluble carbohydrate levels is `Salyboro', but not in `Commensal'. A similar trend was evident with praline and sodium accumulation. Based on these and previous results, the cultivar `Salyboro' appears to be more susceptible to salt stress.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

29

Morris, Amanda A., Robert L. Page, Laura J. Baumgartner, Scott W. Mueller, Robert MacLaren, Douglas N. Fish, and Tyree H. Kiser. "Thiocyanate Accumulation in Critically Ill Patients Receiving Nitroprusside Infusions." Journal of Intensive Care Medicine 32, no. 9 (July 19, 2016): 547–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0885066616657004.

Full text

Abstract:

Purpose: This study evaluated thiocyanate concentrations and factors associated with thiocyanate accumulation in intensive care unit patients receiving nitroprusside with and without sodium thiosulfate coadministration. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study evaluated critically ill adults who received nitroprusside infusions and had at least one thiocyanate concentration. Patients with thiocyanate accumulation (concentrations ≥30 µg/mL) were compared to patients without accumulation. Factors associated with accumulation were determined by Spearman correlation and multivariate regression. Results: Thiocyanate concentrations (n = 192) were obtained from 87 patients. Fourteen of the 87 (16%) patients experienced thiocyanate accumulation with a mean (SD) thiocyanate concentration of 44 ± 11 µg/mL. Patients with accumulation had received greater cumulative nitroprusside doses (28 vs 8.2 mg/kg, P < .01), greater cumulative sodium thiosulfate doses (16.8 vs 10.1 mg/kg, P < .01), and longer infusion durations (10.9 vs 6.0 days, P < .01), compared to patients without accumulation. Sodium thiosulfate coadministration resulted in greater thiocyanate concentrations (22.8 ± 16.7 vs 16.8 ± 14.9 μg/mL, P = .01), despite utilization of lower cumulative nitroprusside doses (10.2 vs 14.6 mg/kg, P = .03). Cumulative nitroprusside dose ( r2 .44, P < .001) and cumulative sodium thiosulfate dose ( r2 .32, P < .001) demonstrated a significant correlation with measured thiocyanate concentrations. Thiocyanate accumulation was independently associated with cumulative nitroprusside dose in mg/kg (regression coefficient 0.75, 95% CI 0.63-0.89; P < .01). No clinically significant adverse effects of cyanide or thiocyanate toxicity were observed. Conclusions: Cumulative nitroprusside dose was independently associated with thiocyanate accumulation. Despite elevated thiocyanate levels in 16% of patients, there was no clinical evidence of cyanide or thiocyanate toxicity. Routine monitoring of thiocyanate concentrations appears most warranted in patients receiving higher cumulative doses of nitroprusside.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

30

Nakanishi, T., Y. Takamitsu, H. Nakahama, and M. Sugita. "Impairment of renal medullary osmolyte accumulation in potassium-depleted rats." American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology 267, no. 1 (July 1, 1994): F139—F145. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.1994.267.1.f139.

Full text

Abstract:

To determine the relationship between accumulation of osmolytes and maximal urinary concentration in potassium depletion, we tested the effects of experimental water diuresis or potassium depletion on osmolytes in the renal medulla of rats. Hyperosmotic stress was imposed by 4 days of water deprivation for the purpose of establishing the maximal concentrating ability or by the infusion of sodium for the purpose of loading the equal amounts of sodium to the renal medulla. In the diuresis group, water deprivation failed to increase betaine, sorbitol, and taurine contents to the same level as the untreated group, although sodium infusion increased betaine and sorbitol. In the potassium depletion group followed by water deprivation, urine osmolality (2,490 +/- 241 vs. 3,425 +/- 268 mosmol/kgH2O) and all osmolytes were significantly lower than in the untreated group. In response to hyperosmolality with sodium infusion, myo-inositol and glycerophosphorylcholine contents rose to the level of the untreated group. Medullary betaine (67.6 +/- 6.8 vs. 99.5 +/- 8.9), taurine (44.7 +/- 2.4 vs. 61.4 +/- 6.2) and sorbitol (35.6 +/- 4.4 vs. 57.0 +/- 8.4 mmol/kg protein) contents were reduced in potassium-depleted rats when the renal medulla was as hypertonic as in the untreated group. In conclusion, the processing of betaine, taurine, and sorbitol accumulation appeared to be impaired in potassium depletion.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

31

Bréchet, Aline, Marie-Pierre Fache, Anna Brachet, Géraldine Ferracci, Agnés Baude, Marie Irondelle, Sandrine Pereira, Christophe Leterrier, and Bénédicte Dargent. "Protein kinase CK2 contributes to the organization of sodium channels in axonal membranes by regulating their interactions with ankyrin G." Journal of Cell Biology 183, no. 6 (December 8, 2008): 1101–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.200805169.

Full text

Abstract:

In neurons, generation and propagation of action potentials requires the precise accumulation of sodium channels at the axonal initial segment (AIS) and in the nodes of Ranvier through ankyrin G scaffolding. We found that the ankyrin-binding motif of Nav1.2 that determines channel concentration at the AIS depends on a glutamate residue (E1111), but also on several serine residues (S1112, S1124, and S1126). We showed that phosphorylation of these residues by protein kinase CK2 (CK2) regulates Nav channel interaction with ankyrins. Furthermore, we observed that CK2 is highly enriched at the AIS and the nodes of Ranvier in vivo. An ion channel chimera containing the Nav1.2 ankyrin-binding motif perturbed endogenous sodium channel accumulation at the AIS, whereas phosphorylation-deficient chimeras did not. Finally, inhibition of CK2 activity reduced sodium channel accumulation at the AIS of neurons. In conclusion, CK2 contributes to sodium channel organization by regulating their interaction with ankyrin G.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

32

Zaaraoui, Wafaa, Jean Pelletier, Patrick J. Cozzone, and Jean-Philippe Ranjeva. "What can sodium MRI reveal about sodium accumulation in the brain: implications for multiple sclerosis." Imaging in Medicine 4, no. 6 (December 2012): 585–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.2217/iim.12.56.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

33

Álvarez-Aragón, Rocío, and Alonso Rodríguez-Navarro. "Nitrate-dependent shoot sodium accumulation and osmotic functions of sodium in Arabidopsis under saline conditions." Plant Journal 91, no. 2 (June 6, 2017): 208–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/tpj.13556.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

34

Coons, Janice, and Sandra Baumgartner. "ACCUMULATION OF SODIUM AND CHLORIDE IN DIFFERENT TISSUES OF NAVY AND TEPARY BEANS." HortScience 27, no. 6 (June 1992): 684c—684. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.27.6.684c.

Full text

Abstract:

Navy (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and tepary (P. acutifolius Gray) beans were grown hydroponically in a growth chamber with no NaCl or -0.25 MPa NaCl for 9 days beginning 22 days after planting. Chloride and sodium distribution in leaves and roots as well as percent ion leakage as an indication of membrane integrity in leaves were determined. Chloride and sodium levels in NaCl treated plants were significantly higher than in controls. Chloride distribution was not significantly different between plant parts or between plant species. Sodium distribution was significantly different between roots of the two species, but not between leaves of the two species. The navy root tissues contained twice as much sodium as the leaves, whereas, in tepary sodium levels were similar in roots and leaves. Percent ion leakage showed no notable trends relative to plant species or to NaCl treatments, but a significant difference was observed between younger and older leaves on the same plant.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

35

Benlloch, M., F. Arboleda, D. Barranco, and R. Fernández-Escobar. "Response of Young Olive Trees to Sodium and Boron Excess in Irrigation Water." HortScience 26, no. 7 (July 1991): 867–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.26.7.867.

Full text

Abstract:

The influence of sodium and boron excess in the irrigation water on shoot growth and on the distribution of these elements within various leaf types was studied on rooted olive cuttings (Olea europaea L.). `Lechín de Granada' was more tolerant than `Manzanillo' to sodium excess, as indicated by greater shoot growth and lower accumulation of sodium, especially in the young leaves. `Picual' was more tolerant to boron than `Manzanillo', with less accumulation in adult leaves. The results suggest the avoidance of toxicity by an ionic exclusion mechanism that is more effective in some cultivars than others. Also, the results reveal cultivar differences in the tolerance of olive to sodium and boron excess in the culture medium.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

36

Kruszelnicka, Urszula. "The effect of sodium on the mineral balance of plants, using the example of root celery and stalk celery. Part I. The role of sodium and potassium in the process of accumulation and utilization of mineral elements." Acta Agrobotanica 41, no. 2 (2013): 295–314. http://dx.doi.org/10.5586/aa.1988.019.

Full text

Abstract:

In the years 1977 - 1980, studies were conducted on the effect of sodium used to supplement low (K = 800 mg/5 kg) and high (K = 1400 mg/5 kg) potassium doses on the content of mineral components, their accumulation in the yield and the percentage of their utilization. The study was carried out on root celery - Apium graveolens L. var. rapaceum (Mill.) and stalk celery - Apium graveolens L. var. dulce (Mill.). The results obtained in these experiments point to the following conclusions: it was found that potassium and sodium mutually limit each other's uptake. Sodium was more antagonistic towards the uptake of calcium than was potassium. However, no clearly antagonistic effect of these elements on the uptake of magnesium was determined. The accumulation of potassium and sodium by the experimental plants rose while the percentage of utilization of these elements decreased as their level in the nutrient medium increased. Sodium exerted a more distinct effect on the accumulation and utilization of other mineral elements than did potassium.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

37

Zhang, Rui, Chen Xu, Zhilong Bao, Rong Xiao, Xiude Chen, Wei Xiao, Dongmei Li, Xiling Fu, Chao Yang, and Ling Li. "Auxin alters sodium ion accumulation and nutrient accumulation by playing protective role in salinity challenged strawberry." Plant Physiology and Biochemistry 164 (July 2021): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.plaphy.2021.04.008.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

38

Kang, Beom Seok, Bo Young Choi, A. Ra Kho, Song Hee Lee, Dae Ki Hong, Jeong Hyun Jeong, Dong Hyeon Kang, Min Kyu Park, and Sang Won Suh. "An Inhibitor of the Sodium–Hydrogen Exchanger-1 (NHE-1), Amiloride, Reduced Zinc Accumulation and Hippocampal Neuronal Death after Ischemia." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 12 (June 14, 2020): 4232. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21124232.

Full text

Abstract:

Acidosis in the brain plays an important role in neuronal injury and is a common feature of several neurological diseases. It has been reported that the sodium–hydrogen exchanger-1 (NHE-1) is a key mediator of acidosis-induced neuronal injury. It modulates the concentration of intra- and extra-cellular sodium and hydrogen ions. During the ischemic state, excessive sodium ions enter neurons and inappropriately activate the sodium–calcium exchanger (NCX). Zinc can also enter neurons through voltage-gated calcium channels and NCX. Here, we tested the hypothesis that zinc enters the intracellular space through NCX and the subsequent zinc accumulation induces neuronal cell death after global cerebral ischemia (GCI). Thus, we conducted the present study to confirm whether inhibition of NHE-1 by amiloride attenuates zinc accumulation and subsequent hippocampus neuronal death following GCI. Mice were subjected to GCI by bilateral common carotid artery (BCCA) occlusion for 30 min, followed by restoration of blood flow and resuscitation. Amiloride (10 mg/kg, intraperitoneally (i.p.)) was immediately injected, which reduced zinc accumulation and neuronal death after GCI. Therefore, the present study demonstrates that amiloride attenuates GCI-induced neuronal injury, likely via the prevention of intracellular zinc accumulation. Consequently, we suggest that amiloride may have a high therapeutic potential for the prevention of GCI-induced neuronal death.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

39

Opuni, Kwabena, and John P. Reeves. "Feedback Inhibition of Sodium/Calcium Exchange by Mitochondrial Calcium Accumulation." Journal of Biological Chemistry 275, no. 28 (May 2, 2000): 21549–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.m003158200.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

40

Ando, Tadao, and Yoshikuni Masaoka. "Interspecific Differences in Sodium Accumulation and Requirement among Forage Crops." Soil Science and Plant Nutrition 31, no. 4 (December 1985): 601–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00380768.1985.10557468.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

41

Thorlacius-Ussing, O., J. Rungby, B. Møller-Madsen, and G. Danscher. "SELENIUM ACCUMULATION IN THE OOCYTE AFTER EXPOSURE TO SODIUM SELENITE." Acta Pharmacologica et Toxicologica 59 (March 13, 2009): 139–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0773.1986.tb02726.x.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

42

Mokhamed, A. M., G. N. Raldugina, V. P. Kholodova, and Vl V. Kuznetsov. "Osmolyte accumulation in different rape genotypes under sodium chloride salinity." Russian Journal of Plant Physiology 53, no. 5 (September 2006): 649–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1021443706050086.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

43

Ho, I. "Sodium arsenite enhances copper accumulation in human lung adenocarcinoma cells." Toxicological Sciences 47, no. 2 (February 1, 1999): 176–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/toxsci/47.2.176.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

44

Betz, A. Lorris, Richard F. Keep, Mary E. Beer, and Xiao-Dan Ren. "Blood—Brain Barrier Permeability and Brain Concentration of Sodium, Potassium, and Chloride during Focal Ischemia." Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism 14, no. 1 (January 1994): 29–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/jcbfm.1994.5.

Full text

Abstract:

Brain edema formation during the early stages of focal cerebral ischemia is associated with an increase in both sodium content and blood–brain barrier (BBB) sodium transport. The goals of this study were to determine whether chloride is the principal anion that accumulates in ischemic brain, how the rate of BBB transport of chloride compares with its rate of accumulation, and whether the stimulation seen in BBB sodium transport is also seen with other cations. Focal ischemia was produced by occlusion of the middle cerebral artery (MCAO) in anesthetized rats. Over the first 6 h after MCAO, the amount of brain water in the center of the ischemic cortex increased progressively at a rate of 0.15 ± 0.02 (SE) g/g dry wt/h. This was accompanied by a net increase in brain sodium (48 ± 12 μmol/g dry wt/h) and a loss of potassium (34 ± 7 μmol/g dry wt/h). The net rate of chloride accumulation (16 ± 1 μmol/g dry wt/h) approximated the net rate of increase of cations. Three hours after MCAO, the BBB permeability to three ions (22Na, 36Cl, and 86Rb) and two passive permeability tracers {[3H]α-aminoisobutyric acid (3H]AIB) and [14C]urea} was determined. Permeability to either passive tracer was not increased, indicating that the BBB was intact. The rate of 36Cl influx was 3 times greater and the rate of 22Na influx 1.8 times greater than their respective net rates of accumulation in ischemic brain. The BBB permeability to 22Na relative to that of [3H]AIB was significantly increased in the ischemic cortex, the relative permeability to 86Rb was significantly decreased, and the relative permeability to 36Cl was unchanged. These results indicate that the stimulation in BBB sodium transport is specific for sodium. Further, chloride accumulates with sodium in brain during the early stages of ischemia; however, its rate of accumulation is low compared with its rate of transport from blood to brain. Therefore, inhibition of BBB sodium transport is more likely to reduce edema formation than is inhibition of BBB chloride transport. This study demonstrates that chloride is the principal anion that accompanies the accumulation of sodium in ischemic brain, but its rate of accumulation in brain is much less than its rate of movement into brain, and therefore inhibition of chloride uptake would have little effect on brain edema formation. There is a specific acceleration of blood-to-brain sodium transport during ischemia that is not seen with another positively charged ion, 86Rb. This is consistent with stimulation of brain capillary Na,K-ATPase activity in response to the elevated extracellular potassium concentration. Inhibition of potassium influx across the BBB would probably be more successful in lessening edema formation than accelerating potassium efflux. However, inhibition of blood-to-brain sodium transport is likely to be a more effective approach to reducing brain edema formation during the early stages of cerebral ischemia.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

45

Hall, VA, and JM Guest. "Sodium nitroprusside-induced cyanide intoxication and prevention with sodium thiosulfate prophylaxis." American Journal of Critical Care 1, no. 2 (September 1, 1992): 19–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4037/ajcc1992.1.2.19.

Full text

Abstract:

Sodium nitroprusside is an antihypertensive agent used frequently in the critical care setting. Recently, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) published a report that led to a labeling change emphasizing the pharmacokinetics of nitroprusside with metabolism to highly toxic cyanide. Although evidence validates that cyanogenesis occurs with nitroprusside administration, prevention and treatment of cyanide poisoning is rarely instituted in clinical practice. Simultaneous infusion of thiosulfate with nitroprusside provides the sulfur donor necessary to prevent cyanide accumulation. Cyanide combines with thiosulfate to form the less toxic sodium thiocyanate, which is then excreted. A 10:1 ratio of nitroprusside to thiosulfate in the infusion eliminates the possibility of cyanide intoxication without altering the efficacy of nitroprusside.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

46

Golubkina, N. A., A. F. Agafonov, and N. S. Dudchenko. "Selenium accumulation in leaves of perennial onions." Vegetable crops of Russia, no. 2 (June 30, 2009): 26–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.18619/2072-9146-2009-2-26-28.

Full text

Abstract:

It was determined that Selenium concentration in leaves of perennial onion was in the range of 161 to 201 mg/kg of dry matter. The highest concentration of Selenium was in leaves of Common Chives, and Siberian Chives. There was also shown that the plant treatment with Epin and Sodium Humate solutions caused the Selenium content was 1.2-1.7 times as much as it was before in leaves.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

47

Askenasy, N., A. Vivi, M. Tassini, and G. Navon. "Cardiac energetics, cell volumes, sodium fluxes, and membrane permeability: NMR studies of cold ischemia." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 269, no. 3 (September 1, 1995): H1056—H1064. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.1995.269.3.h1056.

Full text

Abstract:

Intracellular sodium accumulation, cellular swelling, and energy deficiency are ischemia-associated processes that participate in the transition to irreversible ischemic injury. This study aims to determine the relationship among these parameters in intact rat hearts during global ischemia at 4 degrees C. High-energy phosphates were determined by 31P nuclear magnetic resonance, intracellular sodium accumulation was measured by 23Na spectroscopy with the shift reagent dysprosium triethyl tetraaminohexaacetic acid [Dy(TTHA)3(-)], and cell volumes were measured by 59Co and 1H spectroscopy with use of the extracellular marker Co(CN)3-(6). Intracellular sodium flux rates were 1.53 +/- 0.17, 0.17 +/- 0.05, and 0.30 +/- 0.06 mumol.g dry wt-1.min-1 at 0-1.5, 2-7, and 9-12 h, respectively. Sodium influx resulted in accumulation of the ion: 10% after 4 h, 16% after 10 h, and 29% after 12 h. Water followed sodium into the cells at two constant molar ratios (Na+/H2O): 3.80 +/- 0.15 x 10(-3) during the first 8 h of ischemia and 7.8 x 10(-3) at 8-12 h. Relative to initial intracellular volume, cells swelled by 38% after 8 h and 46% after 12 h; reperfusion reduced cellular swelling to 25 and 36%, respectively.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

48

Schachtman, DP, and R. Munns. "Sodium Accumulation in Leaves of Triticum Species That Differ in Salt Tolerance." Functional Plant Biology 19, no. 3 (1992): 331. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pp9920331.

Full text

Abstract:

The ability to limit the accumulation of Na+ in leaves may be an important mechanism in salt tolerance because the excessive accumulation of Na+ causes the premature senescence of leaves. The objectives of this study were to test the importance of Na+ accumulation rates in determining salt tolerance and to determine whether observed genotypic differences in leaf Na+ accumulation are linked to rates of leaf expansion. Six salt-sensitive and salt-tolerant genotypes of Triticum tauschii (Coss.) Schmal., T. aestivum L. and T. turgidum L. were grown in 150 mol m-3 NaCl and harvested at regular intervals over approximately 3 weeks. Na+ concentrations and leaf growth were measured in individual leaf blades over this time. The salt-tolerant accessions all had lower rates of Na+ accumulation than the salt-sensitive. This was not due to genotypic differences in growth rates: it was independent of the overall growth rate (vigour) of the genotypes, and the growth phase of individual leaves. In the growing leaf, the rate of Na+ accumulation was lower in salt-tolerant genotypes both during and after the phase of expansion. Leaf longevity was greater in the salt-tolerant genotypes. In one salt-sensitive genotype, the maximum Na+ concentration was much lower than that of all the other genotypes. Two mechanisms of salt tolerance appear to be operating in Triticum genotypes. One is a lower rate of Na+ accumulation which is independent of the growth of individual leaves and therefore probably regulated by some root process. The second is ion compartmentation within leaves, which enhances the ability to tolerate high concentrations of Na+ in leaves.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

49

Maarouf, Adil, Bertrand Audoin, Fanelly Pariollaud, Soraya Gherib, Audrey Rico, Elisabeth Soulier, Sylviane Confort-Gouny, et al. "Increased total sodium concentration in gray matter better explains cognition than atrophy in MS." Neurology 88, no. 3 (December 14, 2016): 289–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/wnl.0000000000003511.

Full text

Abstract:

Objective:To investigate whether brain total sodium accumulation assessed by 23Na MRI is associated with cognitive deficit in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS).Methods:Eighty-nine participants were enrolled in the study (58 patients with RRMS with a disease duration ≤10 years and 31 matched healthy controls). Patients were classified as cognitively impaired if they failed at least 2 tasks on the Brief Repeatable Battery. MRI was performed at 3T using 23Na MRI to obtain total sodium concentration (TSC) in the different brain compartments (lesions, normal-appearing white matter [NAWM], gray matter [GM]) and 1H- magnetization-prepared rapid gradient echo to assess GM atrophy (GM fraction).Results:The mean disease duration was 3.1 years and the median Expanded Disability Status Scale score was 1 (range 0–4.5). Thirty-seven patients were classified as cognitively preserved and 21 as cognitively impaired. TSC was increased in GM and NAWM in cognitively impaired patients compared to cognitively preserved patients and healthy controls. Voxel-wise analysis demonstrated that sodium accumulation was mainly located in the neocortex in cognitively impaired patients. Regression analysis evidenced than the 2 best independent predictors of cognitive impairment were GM TSC and age. Receiver operating characteristic analyses demonstrated that sensitivity and specificity of the GM TSC to classify patients according to their cognitive status were 76% and 71%, respectively.Conclusions:This study provides 2 main findings. (1) In RRMS, total sodium accumulation in the GM is better associated with cognitive impairment than GM atrophy; and (2) total sodium accumulation in patients with cognitive impairment is mainly located in the neocortex.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

50

Rillema, James A., Ting Xi Yu, and Sissy M. Jhiang. "Effect of prolactin on sodium iodide symporter expression in mouse mammary gland explants." American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism 279, no. 4 (October 1, 2000): E769—E772. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.2000.279.4.e769.

Full text

Abstract:

Iodide accumulates in milk at a concentration that is more than an order of magnitude higher than the iodide concentration in maternal plasma. In earlier studies from our laboratory, we have shown that prolactin (PRL) enhances iodide accumulation by two- to threefold in cultured mammary tissues taken from pregnant mice. In the present studies, we demonstrate via Western blotting techniques that prolactin elevates the quantity of the sodium iodide symporter (NIS) in cultured mouse mammary tissues. In time-course studies, the onset of the PRL effect of NIS accumulation was found to be between 4 and 16 h after addition of PRL to the explants. The lowest PRL concentration that elicited a significant response was 1 ng/ml, and a maximum effect was elicited with PRL concentrations >100 ng/ml. Actinomycin D, cycloheximide, and thiocyanate abolished the PRL effect on NIS accumulation, whereas perchlorate was without effect. These studies suggest that the PRL stimulation of iodide accumulation in milk is mediated, at least in part, by the PRL stimulation of NIS accumulation in mammary gland tissues. These studies further demonstrate that the PRL effect on NIS accumulation occurs via an RNA protein synthesis-dependent mechanism.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Journal articles on the topic 'Sodium accumulation'

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles