Relevant bibliographies by topics / Sociology, urban – study and teaching

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  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
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Academic literature on the topic 'Sociology, urban – study and teaching'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 29 July 2024
Last updated: 31 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Sociology, urban – study and teaching"

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Souza, Márcia Maria Cabreira M. de, and Denilson Geraldo. "MIGRAÇÃO E URBANIZAÇÃO NO CONTEXTO DA EVANGELIZAÇÃO." Perspectiva Teológica 48, no. 2 (August 31, 2016): 335. http://dx.doi.org/10.20911/21768757v48n2p335/2016.

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RESUMO: Migração e urbanização são processos que vêm ganhando grande importância nas últimas décadas. O objetivo nesta análise é apresentar as principais tendências mundiais em relação a estes processos; apontar quais desafios e oportunidades específicas têm sido criadas por migrantes que se dirigem às áreas urbanas; identificar de qual maneira a preferência dos migrantes pela cidade tem afetado ou vem afetando positivamente as modernas populações urbanas e a relação desse fenômeno em curso para a evangelização; colocar a teologia em diálogo com a geografia e a sociologia. A base de dados utilizada para as reflexões foram: documentos produzidos pelas Nações Unidas dos últimos cinco anos e autores da área da geografia e sociologia que têm como objeto de estudo a migração e o espaço urbano, bem como, a fundamentação teológica a partir da evolução temática no ensinamento social da Igreja Católica. O método utilizado é a apresentação de dados contemporâneos sobre a migração, a fundamentação bíblica, a evolução do tema no ensinamento eclesial e as propostas para uma ação evangelizadora na América Latina.ABSTRACT: Migration and urbanization are processes that are gaining great importance in recent decades. The objective of this analysis is to present the main world trends in relation to these processes; pointing out which challenges and specific opportunities have been created by migrants who come to urban areas; identifying in which way migrants preferences of cities has affected or is affecting positively the modern urban populations, and the relationship between this phenomenon and evangelization; put theology in dialog with geography and sociology. The database used for these reflections were: documents produced by the United Nations over the last five years, and authors in the field of geography and sociology who have as their object of study the migration and urban space, as well as, the theological foundation based on the evolution theme as presented in the social teaching of the Catholic Church. The methodology used in this article is the presentation of data on contemporary migration, biblical foundation, the evolution theme from the social teaching of the Catholic Church and proposals towards a concrete action of evangelization in Latin America.
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Abbas, Tahir. "Teaching the Study of Muslim Minorities in Higher Education in the United Kingdom." American Journal of Islam and Society 24, no. 3 (July 1, 2007): 143–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.35632/ajis.v24i3.1538.

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In this paper, I reflect on my experiences of teaching sociology of Islam atan elite British university: the University of Birmingham. As a trained economistwith postgraduate degrees in social science and sociology and as a formerWhitehall civil servant, my foray into the world of Islamic studies hasonly been recent. Indeed, it was the events relating to British Muslimminorities between 1999 and 2001 (namely, the arrests, trial, and sentencingin relation to the mostly Birmingham-born “Seven in Yemen” in 1999; the9/11 attacks in New York and Washington, DC; and the urban disturbancesin northern England 2001) that propelled me to interact with this vast andrich field of learning and scholarship. These three events compounded mattersin relation to identity politics, Islamism, and international political economy.Having already researched and written on matters related to educationand class,1 entrepreneurship and culture,2 and Islamophobia and the printnews,3 my new focus on Muslim minority issues stemmed precisely frommy existing interests in ethnicity, culture, and multiculturalism.4Upon joining the University of Birmingham in 2003, I spent my first twoyears concentrating on teaching a specialized course, “Ethnic Relations inBritain,” to finalists. In 2005, I began to teach a new course, “Islam, Multiculturalism,and the State” to finalists. In this article, I discuss the resultinginsight into teaching to a largely non-Muslim audience issues relating toIslam and Muslim minorities ...
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Howard, Jay, and Aimee Zoeller. "The Role of the Introductory Sociology Course on Students' Perceptions of Achievement of General Education Goals." Teaching Sociology 35, no. 3 (July 2007): 209–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0092055x0703500301.

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As higher education accreditation agencies emphasize achievement of general education learning goals for undergraduate students, departments are increasingly required to identify and assess the contributions of their disciplines to achievement of these goals. This exploratory study conducted at a large urban university and its satellite campus seeks to identify students' perceptions of the contributions of the Introduction to Sociology course to the general education goals specified by a single university. This study also seeks to identify the most frequently used pedagogies used by introductory sociology instructors. Results indicate students perceive that Introduction to Sociology facilitates achievement of critical thinking skills, integration and application of knowledge, and understanding of society and culture. Results also indicate that lecture is a nearly ubiquitous teaching strategy. Students report instructors utilize in-class discussion frequently. Small group activities, writing assignments, videos, and online discussion were less frequently utilized.
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Shahidipak, Mohammadreza. "Paradigm of Islamic sociology." Sociology International Journal 6, no. 3 (June 24, 2022): 154–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.15406/sij.2022.06.00279.

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This research shows that the first school of sociology during several centuries of the evolution of social thought has finally been introduced to human society as a product of Islamic civilization. The root of Islamic sociology is the comprehensive and profound teachings of the Qur'an on social issues. The Qur'an has made man, society, and history sources of knowledge and has invited to the science of anthropology and the knowledge of human societies and history. A verse from the Qur'an is considered a universal sociological manifesto that refers only to the concept of change and its interconnected human-divine mechanism in the individual and human societies. Since the seventeenth century, the Qur'an has been considered in Europe and American Orientalist scientific circles as a useful work in sociology. After the Qur'an, Ali's first teachings are theoretical materials of social analysis that have analyzed and explained man in terms of behaviour and social relations. Farabi, the founder of Islamic sociology, Farabi's theory of urban and citizenship theory, presented the first classical analysis and explanation of the individual and society. He is the mine of sociology for all ages and all nations. His work Thoughts on the Case of the Good City is a secular work describing the individual and society and depicting the changes of the individual and society. Ibn Khaldun's work is a complete example of a specialized school and school of Islamic sociology. The initiative of this founder of humanities is to talk about the social phenomenon in the language of formula, which is mentioned in this article for the first time as Ibn Khaldun coefficient. Ibn khaldun founded the school of classical sociology at the end of the middle Ages by presenting a formula for depicting the changing societies. He is the result of the evolution of sociology in Islamic civilization. And shows that the Qur'an is the main source of Ibn Khaldun's social thought and the basic concepts of sociology can be clearly traced and scientifically categorized through the study of the Qur'an and is useful in the sociological analysis of the problems of contemporary societies.
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Geduld, Deidre, Koketsu Nthimbane, and Obakeng Kagola. "Humanising Online Teaching and Learning in the BEd. Foundation Phase Programme: Moving Beyond Covid-19." Educational Research for Social Change 12, no. 2 (October 27, 2023): 62–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/2221-4070/2023/v12i2a5.

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Covid-19 brought unforeseen and unpredicted challenges to higher education institutions (HEIs). In this paper, we recount the authors' experiences of exploring a humanising pedagogy as a way of practising social justice during online learning. Our Bachelor of Education, Foundation Phase (FP) classes consist of students from predominantly rural and urban low socioeconomic environments. The primary focus of this study was to explore the experiences of lecturers who teach a humanising pedagogy-embedded programme in the FP at an HEI through online learning in a highly under-resourced context. The study further focuses on technological strategies and pedagogies used in HEIs, issues related to lecturers' inclination and adaptation to technology, the digital divide, and barriers to online learning. This study resides within a critical transformative paradigm, and uses humanising pedagogy principles as a lens. We draw on our lived experiences and engage in dialogue to make sense of the process of online learning. In this qualitative research, we engage in narrative freewriting to gather data. Thematic analysis was used to reduce the data and to identify common themes. The two themes that emerged, and are discussed in this paper, are mutual vulnerability and lecturer resilience and collaboration. The findings of the study encouraged lecturers to critically reflect on the challenges and opportunities that Covid-19 presented, and to incorporate some of the practices that enabled better delivery of teaching in a humanising way.
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Alam, Lukis, Benni Setiawan, Meredian Alam, and Miftahulhaq Miftahulhaq. "The changing piety and spirituality: a new trend of Islamic Urbanism in Yogyakarta and Surakarta." Indonesian Journal of Islam and Muslim Societies 13, no. 2 (December 31, 2023): 227–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.18326/ijims.v13i2.227-252.

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This research appears to be focused on the growth of urban spiritualism among urban communities in major cities, as indicated by the proliferation of various Muslim congregation groups (majelis pengajian). The study examines four congregation groups in the cities of Yogyakarta and Surakarta: Muslim United and Teras Dakwah in Yogyakarta, Majelis Ar-Raudhah, and Majelis Busytanul Asyiqin in Surakarta. The research aims to understand how these groups disseminate moderate and easily accepted religious knowledge in urban communities and how they respond to the shifting dynamics of urban spirituality. This study argues that there is a shift in religious authority from well-known ustadz and habaib figures who promote popular forms of religious outreach to an increase in religious literacy among urban communities. The findings also reveal the presence of santrinisasi and acts of piety among urban communities as a manifestation of the truth of religious teachings
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Cole, Courtney E. "Culturally sustaining pedagogy in higher education: teaching so that Black Lives Matter." Equality, Diversity and Inclusion: An International Journal 36, no. 8 (November 20, 2017): 736–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/edi-01-2017-0005.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to show how the principles of Black Lives Matter can be used to enact a culturally sustaining pedagogy (CSP) in higher education settings, particularly in small colleges that serve significant populations of students who are underrepresented in higher education. Design/methodology/approach Drawing on examples from college courses in media and society, organizational communication, and interpersonal communication, the case study shows application of the principles of Black Lives Matter in the college classroom at two different institutions in the urban Northeast USA, where the majority of the students are young people of color and/or first-generation college students. Findings The paper shows how founding principles of Black Lives Matter, particularly diversity, intersectionality, loving engagement, and empathy, can be used to guide concrete pedagogical practices. It provides examples of how to use Black Lives Matter as a framework to enhance and improve college teaching to make it more diverse and inclusive. Research limitations/implications This case study is based on the author’s experiences teaching at two majority-minority colleges in Greater Boston, Massachusetts, USA. This paper is not the result of a systematic research study. Practical implications This paper has significant implications for how to enact CSP in higher education settings. This paper is valuable to those looking for specific strategies to include more diverse and inclusive teaching strategies. This research also shows both the utility and impact of Black Lives Matter when applied to higher education. Social implications This paper improves public understanding of Black Lives Matter as a social movement. Originality/value Since the Black Lives Matter movement is fairly new, there is limited academic research on it. Further, there has not been attention to how Black Lives Matter provides insight into pedagogy, particularly in higher education.
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Zayadi, Zayadi. "TRADITION AND MODERNIZATION: DIALECTICAL TENSIONS IN CREATIVE RELIGIOUS PRACTICES OF THE SUNDANESE URBAN COMMUNITIES." Creativity Studies 16, no. 2 (October 12, 2023): 637–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/cs.2023.18307.

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This study focuses on the religious construction of Sundanese urban communities in the city of Bandung, West Java, Indonesia, which is characterized by dialectical tensions between the need to preserve tradition and the desire to adapt to modernization. These tensions have led to the emergence of various forms of creative and ambiguous religious and cultural practices. The study is based on ethnographic research conducted among the Sundanese urban communities in Bandung, using literature documentation, observations, and interviews as data collection methods. The study findings reveal that the religious practices of Sundanese urban communities are shaped by the diverse elements of urban life. The religious practices are ambiguous due to the dialectical tensions between preserving tradition and adapting to modernization, rationality and irrationality, personal freedom and communal identity, and cultural wisdom values and exclusive Islamic teachings. The unique urban-cultural religious phenomena, such as urban Sufism, hijra (South Asia) movements, religious-identity politics, or the preservation of Sundanese cultural rites with Islamic content, are examples of the religious creativity that emerges as a result of the communities’ understanding of the application of faith in the midst of ideological cultural traditions and pragmatic interests. The study results offer a sociological perspective on the modern life of Sundanese urban communities, where the application of theological-traditional values of religious teachings and pragmatic-modern values of urban life leads to creative constructions.
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Fjortfoft, Annelie, Thomas McLaughlin, Mark Derby, Mary Everson, and Kathy Johnson. "The Effects of Two Direct Instruction Teaching Procedures to Basic Skills to Two Students with Disabilities." Multidisciplinary Journal of Educational Research 4, no. 2 (June 13, 2014): 151–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4471/remie.2014.09.

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The first study focused on increasing her ability to identify letters and to write these letters. The research was conducted in a resource room setting located in a public school in a large urban school district. The effects of employing DI flashcards on letter recognition and letter writing were evaluated in a multiple baseline design. Overall the effects of the experiment were positive; the participant improved her accuracy letter identification accuracy and her skills at writing her letters from the alphabet. The time, cost, and effort needed for Experiment I was minimal and the student enjoyed the procedures. A second study was conducted with a first grade boy. We wanted to determine the effectiveness of Teach Your Child to Read in 100 Easy Lessons along with a DI flashcard procedure to improve a first grade student’s ability to identify sounds and sight words within a public school behavior intervention (BI) classroom setting. Overall the effects of the second experiment were also quite positive. The participant improved his accuracy and ability to say the letter-sounds and target words. Suggestions for future research were made.
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Jin, Myung H., Bruce McDonald, and Jaehee Park. "Does Public Service Motivation Matter in Public Higher Education? Testing the Theories of Person–Organization Fit and Organizational Commitment Through a Serial Multiple Mediation Model." American Review of Public Administration 48, no. 1 (June 17, 2016): 82–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0275074016652243.

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To address some of the inconsistencies in the literature regarding links between public service motivation (PSM) and individual performance, this study proposes and tests a three-path mediation model in public higher education in which the relationship is mediated by person–organization fit (P-O fit) and organizational commitment (OC) in serial. Based on a sample of 692 faculty at an urban public university, we find that P-O fit and OC as a causal chain mediate the relationship between PSM and organizational citizenship behavior and that this mediated relationship varies depending on the specific context of the performance dimensions. While PSM has positive influence on service through its effect on P-O fit and OC in serial, the results indicate an indirect negative effect on research productivity and no association with teaching. The results regarding both direct and indirect effects further reveal that the directions and significance of the relationships can vary depending on how performance is conceptualized.
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More sources

Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Sociology, urban – study and teaching"

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Doty, Tamera J. "Microclimates and human comfort : cooling urban setting through design and manipulation of microclimatic factors." Virtual Press, 1992. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/845973.

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The goal of this creative project was to develop a unit to be incorporated into an environmental education general studies course at Ball State University. The unit was developed as a hands-on experience activity manual.The goals of the unit were:1. to increase student awareness of the effect vegetation and water have on human comfort in the urban environment.2. to engage students in hands-on activities that relate methods for manipulating the microclimate of a space.3. to develop a pre-test/post-test containing questions which relate to the activity topics and which determine the topic knowledge of students.The manual contains an introduction, four section activities and activity subsectionexercises to combine all techniques learned in the four activity sections. Each of the four sections contain a list of objectives for the activity, explanatory text, an activity procedure, and discussion questions. Illustrations accompany the manual in order to augment the learning process for each activity.
Department of Landscape Architecture
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Jaffery, Zafreen. "Making Education Accessible: A Dual Case Study of Instructional Practices, Management, and Equity in a Rural and an Urban NGO School in Pakistan." PDXScholar, 2012. http://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/409.

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Two- thirds of Pakistan's primary aged children are enrolled in school and less than one-third complete fifth grade. Decades after the inception of the goal of primary education for all of its children, the state is unable to fulfill its promise of providing access to universal primary education. The failure of the government to provide for a system that ensures equitable opportunities for all of its children has resulted in individuals, for-profit organizations, and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) intervening to fill the void. In particular, international donor agencies (IDAs) have come forward to provide financial aid and personnel support for primary education. There is currently a dearth of research on the work of NGO schools in Pakistan, which leaves many unanswered questions about the role of NGO schools. Therefore, in this study, I examine the efficacy of not-for-profit, private schools managed by non-governmental organizations (NGOs) in providing quality education to primary school children in Pakistan. This study examined schools formed and supported by two NGOs in Pakistan and their impact on providing primary education. A dual case study approach involving a concentrated enquiry into two cases (a rural and an urban school) was used. The study focused on the following research question: How does an NGO school provide education to primary aged school children? Results corroborate previous key-findings that the NGO is the parent body which oversees management, provides training, mobilizes the community and generates the primary funds to run the schools. The study goes further to suggest that NGO leaders provide leverage and establish connections that are important for fund raising and creating opportunities for the schools to expand and work cost-efficiently. The rural NGO had created its own methodology for literacy instruction, which produced adult literate women who were then hired as primary teachers. In addition, it showed that the two schools use: (1) an eclectic approach to teaching which ranged from using public school's curriculum to local, contextually based materials to foreign British-based curriculum; (2) the shift in instructional strategies suggested movement from a behaviorist approach toward integrating constructivist methods of teaching; and (3) the flexibility in curriculum choices poses challenges as well as opportunities for growth for the teachers. These results help to frame future research by linking NGO school's instructional practices to those used in private and public school systems in Pakistan.
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Marubayashi, Kristine Domoto. "Case study of an urban high school teaching academy." Scholarly Commons, 2002. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/2551.

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The United States is facing a teacher shortage crisis, with urban areas showing the highest need. New strategies have been developed that focus on creating dedicated, well-trained teachers who are from the communities that are facing shortages. The high school teaching academy is one such model in which cohorted, at-risk youth are enrolled in career-focused small learning communities. The intent is to provide a supportive learning environment in which students gain career skills through direct experience, graduate from high school, and enroll in college, hopefully in teacher training programs. This case study focuses on one urban high school teaching academy and identifies its main strengths and weaknesses, areas of conflict among its participants, and discusses the role of administration in supporting the academy. Interviews with administrators, teachers, students, a counselor, and an advisory committee member revealed that the students and teachers enjoy being part of a small learning community, the students feel they are gaining valuable experiences, and the teachers feel they have created a collaborative team. The class schedule, recruitment of students, and communication of expectations are cited as areas needing improvement.
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De, Neve Geert Raymond. "Tamil warps and wefts : an anthropological study of urban weavers in South India." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.313760.

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The thesis consists of two parts. The first part focuses on the nature and dynamics of labour relations in two neighbouring textile towns of Tamilnadu (South India), Bhavani and Kumarapalayam. In Bhavani, handloom carpets are still woven, while in Kumarapalayam handlooms have been replaced by power-loom production since the 1950s. An ethnography of the workplace is provided, and the different work regimes and work rhythms within these industries are described, as well as the structure of authority, and the workplace as a social environment where friendships are forged and conflicts rooted. Particular attention is paid to the marked contrast between the labour militancy of the handloom weavers in Bhavani and the lack of labour organisation among the power-loom workers of Kumarapalayam. The handloom weavers have been firmly organised in a Weavers' Union and developed a class consciousness based on a weavers' identity, which transcends solidarities of caste. In the power-loom industry, on the other hand, workers' resistance appears much more individualised and indirect. Here, labour relations are to a considerable extent shaped by the employers' practice of giving advances to the workers they employ. It forms a crucial part of their recruitment strategy, profoundly affects their relations with labour, and gives rise to new problems of labour control and discipline. In the second part of the thesis the study of the workplace and labour relations is related to an examination of the role of caste, kinship and 'community' in the formation of labour relations and the development of industries. The pioneering role of particular caste groups is investigated and it is indicated how various communities deployed their own strategies of development ('business cultures') to move ahead in a competitive environment. Attention is drawn to the interrelationship between the domestic sphere and the workplace. The effect of waged job opportunities on the formation of workers' households, women's duties in the household in relation to their opportunities in the labour market, and the impact of friendships and love in the workplace on marital stability are explored. Finally, a sociopolitical analysis of local temple organisation and the annual goddess festival seeks to understand how the entire town is integrated into a single 'community' and how boundaries of caste and class are transcended under the patronage of the local 'big men' or wealthy industrialists. Their role as patrons and benefactors of the local 'community' is directly related to their constant search to control and discipline labour within the industries.
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Duncan, Diane. "Mature women entrants to teaching : a case study." Thesis, University of Warwick, 1995. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/40560/.

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This is an ethnographic study of student teacher socialization located in a college of higher education. Drawing upon Lacey's research on teacher socialization, the study examines the processes of change and adaptation which a group of twenty-five mature women students underwent during their first year of a four year, B. Ed course. The research approach sits firmly within the qualitative paradigm and employs participant observation, interviews, life history methods and an interactionist perspective to further understanding about how mothers and wives learn to become students. A central feature of the study is the use of the concept of social strategy to explain change, particularly in relation to the way in which the women manage the demands of academic and family responsibilities. The construction of adaptive and coping strategies arise from a tightly interwoven relationship of life history, situational, institutional and structural features. Analyses of the progressive development of strategies revealed that becoming a student teacher was differentially experienced according to material resources, biographical and historical factors. The study offers a holistic analysis of student socialization in which the complexity of adaptation is revealed through the interrelationship of gender, identity, life course, strategies and the negotiation of change. An important part of this change is the emergence of a student teacher and academic identity, both of which are perceived as highly valued, new aspects of self, as well as being a significant part of student teacher socialization. In this hitherto under researched educational and sociological area of inquiry, the way in which biography and structure intersect with gender, reveals the uneasy blend of struggle, contestation, guilt and success which became a daily feature of the women's lives as they strove to reconcile the competing claims on their lives as mothers, wives and full-time students.
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Anderson, Kwamme A. "The impact that leadership practices of the nurse manager and nursing practice environments have on job satisfaction of registered nurses in two urban teaching hospitals." Thesis, University of Maryland Eastern Shore, 2013. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3576886.

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The nursing workforce shortage is not a new phenomenon but dates as far back as World War II. It is believed that the hospital nursing shortage poses a serious threat to the health and welfare of this nation. Therefore, the debate over nursing workforce shortages has been contentious and unresolved about appropriate solutions to address the shortage. Because nurses comprise the major and largest component of all health care employees and serve on the front line of patient care, a hospital's ability to attract and retain registered nurses must be met with competent, adequate and satisfied nursing staff. The nursing workforce shortage has received attention from hospital leaders and public policy makers alike in their approach to resolve this imminent national shortage of hospital nurses. Some researchers postulate there is no shortage of nurses in the United States but in response to poor working conditions, these same licensed registered nurses are consciously choosing not to work in the hospital industry due to deteriorating working conditions. To solve this problem in hospitals, the very same management and leadership practices that created this fictional crisis are the ones that can improve registered nurses' work conditions and enhance the attractiveness of nursing as a profession. The purpose of this study was to empirically describe the impact leadership practices of nurse managers and the nurse practice environment have on job satisfaction of registered nurses in two urban teaching hospitals. A cross-sectional quantitative research design using survey data was implemented to assess leadership practices of nurse managers, presence of the nurse practice environment, and job satisfaction of registered nurses. Results of this study reveal that nurse managers with exemplary leadership practices and favorable nurse practice environments have subordinate registered nurse staff with greater job satisfaction. Findings from this study might assist healthcare leaders to better understand the organizational characteristics associated with how to best organize nurse practice environments and the leadership practices of the nurse manager in better shaping the hospital environment to enhance the quality of nurses' work lives.

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Qian, Wenbao. "Rural urban migration and its impact on economic development : a case study in China." Thesis, City University London, 1994. http://openaccess.city.ac.uk/7707/.

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In 1990, a research project called "Rural Surplus Labour and its Employment Exploration" was set up in China, undertaken by the Ministry of Labour, the Ministry of agriculture and the Development Centre of the State Council. From February to July 1992, I visited Shuangmiao Village in Qianshan County, Anhui Province, Xlanfeng Village and Kangle Village in Dingxi County, Gansu Province, Tianliao Village and Xiting Village in Changnan County, Zhejiang Province and, Longgang Zhen in Wenzhou Region, Zhejiang Province, where I conducted a questionnaire survey among 300 households. The model built up in this thesis is a multi-disciplinary model based on the author's documentary research in the disciplines of sociology/anthropology and development economics. My particular focus and my critique concerns two sociological theories illustrated by Revanstein and Lee and two economic models inferred by Lewis and Todaro, which have been widely quoted in the literature of migration. There are altogether six chapters. The first chapter is a review of the literature of internal migration both in developed and developing countries, and a brief introduction to and critique of the four migration models. The main task of the second chapter is to hypothesise a set of social/anthropological and economic variables and their relationships to the internal migration decision, and to build up a multi-disciplinary internal migration model. In the third and fourth chapters, a detailed description of the field study in the five villages, one town and one city is given and a qualitative analysis follows. The fifth chapter is the quantitative analysis, testing the model to see whether or not there is correlation between the hypothesised independent variables and the making of the internal migration decision. Finally, a conclusion and some proposals for further research are given in the sixth chapter.
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Seale, Elizabeth. "Serving the Poor: A Comparative Case Study of an Urban and a Rural County in North Carolina." NCSU, 2010. http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/theses/available/etd-03082010-143335/.

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In this dissertation I find that changes associated with welfare policy, federal devolution, and the global economy constrain service providers and communities, but that local factors in the two counties mediate how organizational actors adapt to these challenges. I use global political economic theory, organizational theory, and theories of inequality to investigate how local actors address poverty in their communities. Specifically, I examine through a comparative case study how government and nonprofit service providers in two North Carolina counties cope with challenges that derive from global and national levels as well as local factors to serve the poor. I rely on extensive interviews, observations, and secondary data. I find that officials in the rural county are severely constrained in their ability to address poverty, due to lower organizational capacity and very limited financial and social resources. The implications of poverty policy for rural and urban areas differ. Not only has inequality within place been exacerbated by recent national and global trends, but inequality between places is aggravated as well. Further, most resources in the urban county are used in ways that reinforce dependence on the low-wage labor market. In both counties services are disciplinary in nature, reflecting the neoliberal environment in which service providers operate. Only in some casesâand only in the urban countyâdo agencies address the marketâs inadequacies and general issues of class, race, and gender inequality. In fact, only when there is high organizational capacity, some autonomy, and significant embeddedness in the community, do I find local leaders who are willing to stop regulating the poor as should-be low-wage workers.
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AMOAH, Padmore Adusei. "Social capital, health literacy, and access to healthcare : a study among rural and urban populations in Ghana." Digital Commons @ Lingnan University, 2017. https://commons.ln.edu.hk/soc_etd/41.

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There is ample evidence supporting the association between social networks, and health and well-being. However, existing research and policies to address health-related inequalities in Ghana, have largely neglected this critical nexus. To address the knowledge gap, this study uses the concept of social capital (social relationships and the resources embedded in them) to investigate how and to what extent social relationships influence healthcare access and health literacy among selected rural and urban people. The study also examines how the stock of social capital, and the forms it takes, can influence implementation, and sustenance of local level pro-poor health policies. One such policy in Ghana is the Community-based Health Planning and Services (CHPS). The CHPS is an initiative that aims to reduce healthcare barriers for people in deprived and remote areas. Compared to other countries in the sub-region, Ghana is one of the most politically stable and fastest developing, socioeconomically. However, major health goals are yet to be realised owing to numerous systematic bottlenecks. The study adopts a variety of methods including a cross-sectional survey of 779 individuals; 95 in-depth interviews with rural and urban residents as well as health personnel, community leaders, and six focus group sessions to offer a thorough understanding of the problem. The sample was drawn from eight rural and 36 urban communities/suburbs found in five districts in the Ashanti region. This region has a diverse population profile, which is analogous to that of the country as whole due to its nodal location. The results showed that social capital functions differently across the two population groups regarding its effects on healthcare access and health literacy. While high level of social capital had positive effects on health and well-being in some instances, it demonstrated negative consequences in other circumstances, leading to different levels of health and well-being among rural and urban people. Surprisingly, low degrees of social capital was sometimes better for health and well-being than high levels. Also, the properties and magnitude of different social capital proxies provided an important explanation for why the CHPS policy was fatally troubled in some localities while succeeding in others according to the study’s findings. These findings situate social capital as a vital component, not only at the policy initiation phase, but also in implementation, and in sustaining pro-poor health policies. The study establishes social capital as a “double-edged” determinant of health and well-being. Instead of being an unequivocally positive factor, as some studies suggest, its effects can be ambiguous. It shapes health by itself and in how health literacy and access to healthcare affect health and well-being particularly among rural people. To address health-related inequalities and consequently, disparities in health and well-being by using social capital as a resource, stronger relationships should be forged between social institutions and the populace Moreover, to strengthen social capital while curbing its adverse effects, pertinent social divisions such as rural and urban disparities must be probed. The study thus makes a significant contribution to the literature on social and public health. It postulates that social capital, while not a panacea, should be adopted strategically to improve health and strengthen health services in low-income countries.
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Mustafa, Adnan Yasin. "Women and development in an urban context : a study of women migrants in Mosul City (Iraq)." Thesis, University of Hull, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.314664.

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Books on the topic "Sociology, urban – study and teaching"

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Rolf, Lindner. Die Entdeckung der Stadtkultur: Soziologie aus der Erfahrung der Reportage. Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp, 1990.

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Gugger, Harry, Gwendolyn Kerschbaumer, and Götz Menzel. Swiss lessons: Teaching and research in architecture. Zürich: Park Books, 2014.

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Mexico. Dirección General de Promoción Ambiental y Participación Comunitaria., ed. La Educación ambiental en el desarrollo municipal. México: Subsecretaría de Ecología, Dirección General de Promoción Ambiental y Participación Comunitaria, 1991.

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R, Berkowitz Alan, Nilon Charles H. 1956-, and Hollweg Karen S, eds. Understanding urban ecosystems: A new frontier for science and education. New York: Springer, 2003.

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Argumedo, Roberto Samanez. Diagnostico sobre problematica urbana. [Cuzco]: Instituto de Investigacion UNSAAC-NUFFIC, 1986.

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Uniwersytet Warszawski. Centrum Europejskich Studiów Regionalnych i Lokalnych, ed. Miasto jako przedmiot badań naukowych w początkach XXI wieku. Warszawa: Wydawn. Nauk. Scholar, 2008.

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upravlinni︠a︡, Donet︠s︡ʹkyĭ derz︠h︡avnyĭ universytet. Sot͡siolohii͡a mista: Navchalʹnyĭ posibnyk. Donet͡sʹk: Vyd-vo "Noulidz͡h", Donet͡sʹke viddilenni͡a, 2010.

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Hernández, Ana Jesús. Eco-auditorias escolares en un barrio periférico de Santo Domingo. Santo Domingo: Centro Cultural Poveda, 2003.

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Feria Exposición (2nd 1991 La Paz, Bolivia). Los jóvenes, el medio ambiente y la ecología urbana: Una experiencia educativa, que genera propuestas para la ciudad. La Paz: Municipalidad de La Paz, Oficialia Mayor de Cultura, Dirección de Educación Comunal, 1991.

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Helmuth, Berking, and Löw Martina, eds. Die Eigenlogik der Städte: Neue Wege für die Stadtforschung. Frankfurt: Campus, 2008.

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Book chapters on the topic "Sociology, urban – study and teaching"

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Barke, Michael. "The Importance of Urban Form as an Object of Study." In Teaching Urban Morphology, 11–30. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-76126-8_2.

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Kosman, Marcin. "(Re)translating Psychology: A Triple Case Study. Sociology and Psychology in Translation." In Second Language Learning and Teaching, 85–105. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-43336-9_6.

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Yang, Z. Y., X. A. Ning, J. Y. Liu, C. Y. Yang, and J. H. Wang. "Study on the Bottom Surface Fitting of an Urban River Based on Sonar Survey and Dredging Computation Simulation." In Advanced Technology in Teaching - Proceedings of the 2009 3rd International Conference on Teaching and Computational Science (WTCS 2009), 865–73. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-25437-6_116.

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Cevallos-Torres, Lorenzo, and Miguel Botto-Tobar. "Case Study: Logistical Behavior in the Use of Urban Transport Using the Monte Carlo Simulation Method." In Problem-Based Learning: A Didactic Strategy in the Teaching of System Simulation, 97–110. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-13393-1_6.

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Contini, Dalit, and Roberto Zotti. "Do Financial Conditions Play a Role in University Dropout? New Evidence from Administrative Data." In Teaching, Research and Academic Careers, 39–70. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-07438-7_3.

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AbstractA large strand of research in the economics and sociology of education has highlighted the existence of deeply rooted inequalities in educational choices along socioeconomic lines, even when net of prior performance. These disparities may take different forms at different stages of schooling and across institutional systems. Yet, due to the lack of data, it is often difficult to disentangle the role played by the various dimensions of socioeconomic background on students’ educational careers. While parental education and occupation may shape aspirations (and thus the wish to undertake ambitious educational programmes), lack of income could represent a material obstacle to the continuation of study. In this chapter, we focus on the effect of financial conditions on the probability of dropping out from university. Italy is an interesting study case, because the education system is mainly public and university tuition fees are relatively low and income progressive. Because direct costs for disadvantaged students are low, we would expect income not to be highly relevant in this context. By exploiting a unique data set from the University of Torino (in northern Italy) linking administrative data from students’ university careers and information on parental characteristics collected at matriculation, we analyse how socioeconomic background influences the first-year dropout probability. While extremely relevant in earlier educational outcomes, parental education and occupation no longer exert a sizable effect at this point in students’ lives. Instead, we find that economic conditions greatly influence the chances of completing university. This result suggests that low tuition fees may be insufficient to foster the participation of low-income high school graduates and that additional forms of support might be needed to ensure equity and, at the same time, raise the share of young people with higher education degrees, which is still too low in Italy.
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Yeravdekar, Vidya, and Nidhi Piplani Kapur. "Coping with Covid-19: Forging Creative Pathways to Support Educational Continuity Amidst the Pandemic." In Knowledge Studies in Higher Education, 111–22. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-82159-3_7.

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AbstractThe pandemic has forced all educational institutions to grapple with challenges. Throughout this time Symbiosis International University (SIU) in India has been proactive in leading change not only at the university but also in K-12 schools. While the university transitioned to virtual teaching and learning, a methodical approach was laid out in assisting its eight elementary and senior secondary schools in both urban and rural areas, through the Symbiosis Schools Central Directorate (SSCD), to adapt to the needs of a public health crisis. While connectivity challenges continue to haunt schools, especially in rural areas, training and capacity building of K-12 teachers and administrators by university professors and experts has been a saving grace in navigating the pandemic.The focus of this case is understanding the parallels and the partnership between SIU and its K-12 schools. It reflects a bottom-up approach in dealing with the pandemic where Symbiosis Society, the non-profit organization that has established the schools as well as the University, invested in teacher capacity building at its elementary and secondary schools through its Symbiosis Schools Central Directorate (SSCD) in both rural and urban areas to ensure continuity of teaching and learning while adapting to this new normal. The investment in teacher capacity building has enabled the leadership to address the emerging circumstances, stimulate momentum to create or demand needed change at their institutions, inspire peer learning, and foster innovation in strategy and practice for the greater benefit of its stakeholders including students and parents.This case study reflects on SIU experiences in dealing with the dynamic circumstances such as training and capacity building with respect to supporting teachers in developing skills to adapt their content to virtual mode, blended learning, and integrating Collaborative Online International Learning (COIL) into the curriculum. In addition, SIU had to counsel students and parents to adapt to this new way of learning. SIU’s experience encompasses a coordinated approach of working with internal and external stakeholders to develop a response to the crisis, short-to-medium-term strategic planning in the face of uncertainty, exploring technology solutions, partnership management, and effective communication processes with its stakeholders. Special emphasis has been put on ensuring the mental and physical wellbeing of the learner, constant communication and guidance to parents, and virtual activities to promote community engagement to mitigate the loss of physical social interactions at this crucial time.
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Mygind, Erik. "Udeskole—Pupils’ Physical Activity and Gender Perspectives." In High-Quality Outdoor Learning, 135–52. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-04108-2_7.

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AbstractIn a Danish context regular (weekly or biweekly) education outside the classroom (EOtC), school-based outdoor learning or learning outside the classroom (LOtC) is called udeskole and aims to enhance both health and education. The purpose of this chapter is to present two Danish research projects; the Søndermark School and TEACHOUT studies. It highlights the impact and potentials of physical activity (PA) in primary school based on results from pupils (grade 3–6 grade—year 9–12), taught weekly outside the classroom and school buildings. The chapter summarises how teaching in nature, green areas or using cultural institutions like museums, factories, cemeteries etc. has an impact on PA levels. The Søndermark School study in Copenhagen investigated whether udeskole in urban nature or cultural institutions helps to increase children’s PA in four classes. 44 girls and 40 boys (grade 4–6) participated in this study, where the PA was measured for seven consecutive days. For all 84 pupils, the average PA was significantly higher on udeskole days compared to traditional school days without PE lessons. The average PA levels among boys were significantly higher than among girls in all mentioned settings, except on days with PE lessons, where both sexes’ PA levels were equal. As part of the TEACHOUT research project, PA of 663 children was measured 24 h a day for 9–10 consecutive days. Udeskole classes were compared with control classes, i.e. their parallel classes, from 12 schools located in different parts of Denmark, in a quasi-experimental design. A gender comparison was made on a weekly basis, i.e. days with more than 150 min of udeskole were compared with traditional school days and days with physical education (PE) classes. Measured over a whole week, boys having udeskole were more physically active than boys in control classes and girls in both settings. No difference was found between girls in udeskole and the comparison classes during a week, but girls on udeskole days were associated with a greater proportion of PA at light intensity than on traditional school days and days with PE lessons. In general, the children were far less sedentary during udeskole compared to traditional classroom teaching.
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"On the study of urban social movements." In Urban Sociology, 206–26. Routledge, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203716519-13.

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"Theoretical propositions for an experimental study of urban social movements." In Urban Sociology, 155–81. Routledge, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203716519-11.

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Jin, Lei, Chenyu Ye, and Eric Fong. "Sociology." In Urban Health, 188–97. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190915858.003.0020.

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Sociology is perhaps best seen classically as the study of the development, structure, and function of human societies, and sociologists have long been interested in urbanization and the ways in which urban living influences people’s health and well-being. These interests intersect with other core sociological concerns, such as socioeconomic inequality, racial and ethnic relations, migration, social cohesion, and social control to inform unique sociological perspectives on urban health. Urban environments, bringing together heterogeneous populations in dynamic, rapidly evolving settings, are natural laboratories for understanding human societies, thus suggesting a critical role for sociological perspectives in the study of urban health. This chapter introduces a sociological lens to the study of urban health, offering how sociology can advance our understanding of the health of urban populations.
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Conference papers on the topic "Sociology, urban – study and teaching"

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Sosniuk, O. P., and I. V. Ostapenko. "Media literacy and media competence: basic approaches to study, development, teaching and diagnostics." In HISTORY, POLITICAL SCIENCE, PHILOSOPHY AND SOCIOLOGY: EUROPEAN DEVELOPMENT DIRECTION. Baltija Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.30525/978-9934-26-120-6-18.

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Maihasni, Maihasni, Wahyu Pramono, Indraddin Indraddin, and Dwiyanti Hanandini. "Strengthening the Teaching and Learning Process Through Blended Learning in Sociology Study Program." In 4th International Conference on Educational Development and Quality Assurance (ICED-QA 2021). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.220303.048.

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Liu, Guoqing. "Study on the Present Situation of Football Teaching in Sports Humanistic Sociology in China." In 8th International Conference on Social Network, Communication and Education (SNCE 2018). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/snce-18.2018.247.

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Миняжев, Т. Р. "The Problem of Teaching the Sociology of Religion in Higher Education." In Современное социально-гуманитарное образование: векторы развития в год науки и технологий: материалы VI международной конференции (г. Москва, МПГУ, 22–23 апреля 2021 г.). Crossref, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37492/etno.2021.61.56.045.

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в статье рассматривается проблема преподавания курса социологии религии в высшей школе на примере Московского педагогического государственного университета. Представлены две перспективы преподавания курса: формальная и неформальная, каждая из которых предполагает определенный формат работы со студентами. Основной акцент делается на значении этнографического метода. Представленные результаты эмпирического исследования подчеркивают важность курса социологии религии для студентов-социологов. The article examines the problem of teaching a course in sociology of religion in higher education, using the example of the Moscow Pedagogical State University. Two perspectives of teaching the course - formal and informal - are presented. Each perspective assumes a certain way of work with students. The main emphasis is placed on the importance of the ethnographic method. The presented results of the empirical study emphasize the importance of the sociology of religion course for sociology students.
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Ma, Shu-li, Chao Wang, and Fang Luo. "Study on the Design and Teaching Reform of Urban Cognition Practice." In 2018 International Conference on Education Reform and Management Science (ERMS 2018). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/erms-18.2018.88.

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Kondrashova, Nataliia. "On the Problem of Compiling Study Guides for Teaching Russian As a Language for Specific Purposes to Foreign Students." In Proceedings of the 2019 International Conference on Pedagogy, Communication and Sociology (ICPCS 2019). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/icpcs-19.2019.24.

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Dahdah, Emily. "Culturally Intelligent (CQ) Teaching: Mixed-Method Study of Intercultural Capabilities in Urban Classrooms." In 2019 AERA Annual Meeting. Washington DC: AERA, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3102/1428791.

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Coelho, Lia Alencar, and Marcelo Machado De Luca de Oliveira Ribeiro. "Student ratings to evaluate the teaching effectiveness: Factors should be considered." In Fifth International Conference on Higher Education Advances. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/head19.2019.9392.

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The study discusses the student ratings of a professor teaching sociology disciplines in different undergraduate courses. The data were obtained from questionnaires consisting of a series of inquiries about the discipline, focusing on how it fits in the curricular structure (discipline evaluation) and, also, on teacher’s performance (professor evaluation). A total of 480 students answered the questionnaire and, for each question they had a total of five possible answers: very poor (1 point), poor (2 points), fair (3 points), good (4 points) and excellent (5 points). Considering discipline and professor evaluations, students from Animal Science, Food Engineering and Veterinary Medicine courses consider "fair" the performance of the sociology professor. Regarding to the professor evaluation, the students of the three undergraduate courses considered the performance of the teacher "good". For discipline evaluation, the Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine students considered the discipline "fair" and the Food Engineering students considered the discipline "poor". The results obtained can serve as a basis for the design of a institutional evaluation system of teaching based on student ratings, however the evaluation of the discipline and the performance of the teacher must be considered separately.
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Reić, Ada, and Sandra Kovačević. "Interdisciplinary approach in teaching English for specific purposes." In 1st International Scientific Conference on Economy, Management and Information Technologies – ICEMIT 2023. Toplica Academy of Applied Studies, Department of Business Studies Blace, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/icemit23.341r.

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Combining different areas of study has always been a useful approach and a necessary tool in modern teaching. When teaching language for specific purposes, it is one of the most productive ways to modernise the learning process and implement the theory into practice. One example of interdisciplinary approach in teaching language for specific purposes is combining the courses Sociology of Sport together with Business English course in terms of organising field class which is aiming to expose students to real English in use environment and giving them an oportunity to explore sociological aspects relevant to their studies. Students of sports management conduct a semi-structured interview about perception of Split as a city of sports among foreign tourists in local area and thus learn how to research the relevant topic in real life sourrounding, report back about the results of the interview and use English language throughout all activities.
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TV, Nischita, Lohith H, Jushwanth Yadav M N, Rakshitha N R, Poorvi V, Unni Krishnan R, Shakeel K, et al. "A Study to Mitigate Remote Learning and Teaching Challenges among Rural and Urban Students and Teachers in Karnatak." In 2nd Indian International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Operations Management. Michigan, USA: IEOM Society International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.46254/in02.20220406.

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Reports on the topic "Sociology, urban – study and teaching"

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Mayfield, Colin. Higher Education in the Water Sector: A Global Overview. United Nations University Institute for Water, Environment and Health, May 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.53328/guxy9244.

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Higher education related to water is a critical component of capacity development necessary to support countries’ progress towards Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) overall, and towards the SDG6 water and sanitation goal in particular. Although the precise number is unknown, there are at least 28,000 higher education institutions in the world. The actual number is likely higher and constantly changing. Water education programmes are very diverse and complex and can include components of engineering, biology, chemistry, physics, hydrology, hydrogeology, ecology, geography, earth sciences, public health, sociology, law, and political sciences, to mention a few areas. In addition, various levels of qualifications are offered, ranging from certificate, diploma, baccalaureate, to the master’s and doctorate (or equivalent) levels. The percentage of universities offering programmes in ‘water’ ranges from 40% in the USA and Europe to 1% in subSaharan Africa. There are no specific data sets available for the extent or quality of teaching ‘water’ in universities. Consequently, insights on this have to be drawn or inferred from data sources on overall research and teaching excellence such as Scopus, the Shanghai Academic Ranking of World Universities, the Times Higher Education, the Ranking Web of Universities, the Our World in Data website and the UN Statistics Division data. Using a combination of measures of research excellence in water resources and related topics, and overall rankings of university teaching excellence, universities with representation in both categories were identified. Very few universities are represented in both categories. Countries that have at least three universities in the list of the top 50 include USA, Australia, China, UK, Netherlands and Canada. There are universities that have excellent reputations for both teaching excellence and for excellent and diverse research activities in water-related topics. They are mainly in the USA, Europe, Australia and China. Other universities scored well on research in water resources but did not in teaching excellence. The approach proposed in this report has potential to guide the development of comprehensive programmes in water. No specific comparative data on the quality of teaching in water-related topics has been identified. This report further shows the variety of pathways which most water education programmes are associated with or built in – through science, technology and engineering post-secondary and professional education systems. The multitude of possible institutions and pathways to acquire a qualification in water means that a better ‘roadmap’ is needed to chart the programmes. A global database with details on programme curricula, qualifications offered, duration, prerequisites, cost, transfer opportunities and other programme parameters would be ideal for this purpose, showing country-level, regional and global search capabilities. Cooperation between institutions in preparing or presenting water programmes is currently rather limited. Regional consortia of institutions may facilitate cooperation. A similar process could be used for technical and vocational education and training, although a more local approach would be better since conditions, regulations and technologies vary between relatively small areas. Finally, this report examines various factors affecting the future availability of water professionals. This includes the availability of suitable education and training programmes, choices that students make to pursue different areas of study, employment prospects, increasing gender equity, costs of education, and students’ and graduates’ mobility, especially between developing and developed countries. This report aims to inform and open a conversation with educators and administrators in higher education especially those engaged in water education or preparing to enter that field. It will also benefit students intending to enter the water resources field, professionals seeking an overview of educational activities for continuing education on water and government officials and politicians responsible for educational activities
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Gargiulo, Carlos, Martín Moreno, and Jesús Duarte. School Infrastructure and Learning in Latin American Elementary Education: An Analysis Based on the SERCE. Inter-American Development Bank, September 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0009016.

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This study explores the state of infrastructure in the region's primary education schools, using the SERCE database, and analyzes the connection between school infrastructure conditions and language and mathematics tests results for third and sixth grade students. The results of the analysis indicate that school infrastructure and the access to basic services (electricity, water, sewerage and telephone) in the region's schools are highly deficient; there exists a large disparity between countries as well as between private urban, public urban and public rural schools; and there are large gaps between schools with children from high income families and schools with children from low income families. The analysis on the relationship between school infrastructure and academic results in the SERCE tests indicate that the highest factors most significantly associated with learning outcomes are: the presence of spaces that support teaching (libraries, science and computer labs); the connection to electric and telephone utilities; access to potable water, drainage and bathrooms. This indicates that countries in the region must strengthen investment geared towards improving school infrastructure in order to close the gaps that negatively affect rural areas, public sector schools, and schools with students from low income families. Likewise, public policies must prioritize infrastructure areas that have an impact on learning.
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Wright, Kirsten. Collecting Plant Phenology Data In Imperiled Oregon White Oak Ecosystems: Analysis and Recommendations for Metro. Portland State University, March 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/mem.64.

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Highly imperiled Oregon white oak ecosystems are a regional conservation priority of numerous organizations, including Oregon Metro, a regional government serving over one million people in the Portland area. Previously dominant systems in the Pacific Northwest, upland prairie and oak woodlands are now experiencing significant threat, with only 2% remaining in the Willamette Valley in small fragments (Hulse et al. 2002). These fragments are of high conservation value because of the rich biodiversity they support, including rare and endemic species, such as Delphinium leucophaeum (Oregon Department of Agriculture, 2020). Since 2010, Metro scientists and volunteers have collected phenology data on approximately 140 species of forbs and graminoids in regional oak prairie and woodlands. Phenology is the study of life-stage events in plants and animals, such as budbreak and senescence in flowering plants, and widely acknowledged as a sensitive indicator of environmental change (Parmesan 2007). Indeed, shifts in plant phenology have been observed over the last few decades as a result of climate change (Parmesan 2006). In oak systems, these changes have profound implications for plant community composition and diversity, as well as trophic interactions and general ecosystem function (Willis 2008). While the original intent of Metro’s phenology data-collection was to track long-term phenology trends, limitations in data collection methods have made such analysis difficult. Rather, these data are currently used to inform seasonal management decisions on Metro properties, such as when to collect seed for propagation and when to spray herbicide to control invasive species. Metro is now interested in fine-tuning their data-collection methods to better capture long-term phenology trends to guide future conservation strategies. Addressing the regional and global conservation issues of our time will require unprecedented collaboration. Phenology data collected on Metro properties is not only an important asset for Metro’s conservation plan, but holds potential to support broader research on a larger scale. As a leader in urban conservation, Metro is poised to make a meaningful scientific contribution by sharing phenology data with regional and national organizations. Data-sharing will benefit the common goal of conservation and create avenues for collaboration with other scientists and conservation practitioners (Rosemartin 2013). In order to support Metro’s ongoing conservation efforts in Oregon white oak systems, I have implemented a three-part master’s project. Part one of the project examines Metro’s previously collected phenology data, providing descriptive statistics and assessing the strengths and weaknesses of the methods by which the data were collected. Part two makes recommendations for improving future phenology data-collection methods, and includes recommendations for datasharing with regional and national organizations. Part three is a collection of scientific vouchers documenting key plant species in varying phases of phenology for Metro’s teaching herbarium. The purpose of these vouchers is to provide a visual tool for Metro staff and volunteers who rely on plant identification to carry out aspects of their job in plant conservation. Each component of this project addresses specific aspects of Metro’s conservation program, from day-to-day management concerns to long-term scientific inquiry.
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Youth talk about sexuality: A participatory assessment of adolescent sexual and reproductive health in Lusaka, Zambia. Population Council, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/rh1998.1023.

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Thirty-six percent of Zambia’s 9 million inhabitants are between 10 and 19 years of age, and most adolescents are sexually active by their mid-teens. Pregnant teenagers have an elevated risk of maternal mortality and complications related to birth. In 1990, at Lusaka’s University Teaching Hospital, self-induced abortion accounted for up to 30 percent of maternal mortality, and one-quarter of these deaths occurred in women under 18 years. Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are a major health problem for adolescents, yet only a small proportion protect themselves from pregnancy and STIs. There are many barriers to improving the situation, including opposition by parents and teachers to the use of modern contraceptive methods. CARE Zambia is conducting a study to test community-based strategies that increase knowledge of, demand for, and use of barrier methods to reduce unprotected intercourse among out-of-school adolescents in peri-urban Lusaka. As noted in this report, adolescent behavior change will be measured as the prevalence of barrier method use, number of sexual partners, FP attitudes, and measures of self-esteem and responsibility among participants.
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