Journal articles on the topic 'Sociology of the individua'
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1
Subramaniam, Muthaloo. "Sociology of Individual Voluntary Tax Compliance." International Journal of Psychosocial Rehabilitation 24, no. 1 (January 20, 2020): 907–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.37200/ijpr/v24i1/pr200197.
2
Vendemmia, Bruna, Paola Pucci, and Paolo Beria. "Per una geografia delle aree marginali in Italia. Una riflessione critica sulla classificazione delle aree interne." ARCHIVIO DI STUDI URBANI E REGIONALI, no. 133 (March 2022): 29–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/asur2022-133002.
Abstract:
L'articolo restituisce una geografia delle aree marginali in Italia alternativa rispetto alla classificazione proposta nella Strategia Nazionale per le Aree Interne (2014). Analizzando le condizioni demografiche, socioeconomiche e relative alla mobilità, il lavoro individua, attraverso una cluster analisi, quattro diverse tipologie di marginalità a cui ricondurre politiche per contrastare le disuguaglianze territoriali.
3
Burawoy, Michael. "For Public Sociology." American Sociological Review 70, no. 1 (February 2005): 4–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000312240507000102.
Abstract:
Responding to the growing gap between the sociological ethos and the world we study, the challenge of public sociology is to engage multiple publics in multiple ways. These public sociologies should not be left out in the cold, but brought into the framework of our discipline. In this way we make public sociology a visible and legitimate enterprise, and, thereby, invigorate the discipline as a whole. Accordingly, if we map out the division of sociological labor, we discover antagonistic interdependence among four types of knowledge: professional, critical, policy, and public. In the best of all worlds the flourishing of each type of sociology is a condition for the flourishing of all, but they can just as easily assume pathological forms or become victims of exclusion and subordination. This field of power beckons us to explore the relations among the four types of sociology as they vary historically and nationally, and as they provide the template for divergent individual careers. Finally, comparing disciplines points to the umbilical chord that connects sociology to the world of publics, underlining sociology's particular investment in the defense of civil society, itself beleaguered by the encroachment of markets and states.
4
Bagnardi, Francesco, and Vincenzo Maccarrone. "Labour Process Theory: taking stock and looking ahead." SOCIOLOGIA DEL LAVORO, no. 167 (January 2024): 33–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/sl2023-167002.
Abstract:
L'articolo ricostruisce criticamente la traiettoria del dibattito sulla Labour Process Theory (LPT) da Braverman in poi. Analizza i classici della seconda ondata e i principali fondamenti della cosiddetta ‘core theory' del LPT. Descrive il dibattito suscitato dalla formalizzazione della core theory rispetto al cambiamento delle strutture produttive. Individua alcuni filoni di proficuo dibattito interno, cruciali per l'analisi delle attuali tendenze e trasformazioni del lavoro: il soggetto mancante, il ‘connectivity gap' e il ruolo della tecnologia. Il modo in cui il dibattito interno alla LPT ha affrontato queste questioni è promettente e riafferma la rilevanza della LPT come quadro analitico che rimane cruciale nell'attuale sociologia del lavoro.
5
Chieffallo, Lucia, Annunziata Palermo, and Maria Francesca Viapiana. "Tecniche geo-statistiche per la mappatura territoriale di divari multipli. La "geografia" della Regione Calabria." ARCHIVIO DI STUDI URBANI E REGIONALI, no. 133 (March 2022): 104–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/asur2022-133005.
Abstract:
La ricerca muove dalla necessità di ripensare la dimensione spaziale entro cui collocare le politiche regionali di sviluppo e coesione per una effettiva riduzione dei divari nei territori intermedi. A questo scopo la metodologia di mappatura proposta e applicata al caso della Regione Calabria individua un'inedita "geografia" dei territori soggetti a divari multipli dimostrando l'utilità dei risultati nella definizione degli ordini di priorità di azione per il riequilibrio regionale.
6
Arcidiacono, Davide, and Luigi di Cataldo. "Trading Zone e Platform Capitalism: intere trans-disciplinarità tra sociologia e diritto." SOCIOLOGIA DEL LAVORO, no. 164 (December 2022): 183–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/sl2022-164010.
Abstract:
La transizione digitale e la "piattaformizzazione" del lavoro rappresentano una sfida del nostro tempo che richiede uno sforzo trans-disciplinare. Si tratta di defini-re delle "trading zone", spazi d'incrocio tra saperi in cui definire la migrazione di componenti scientifiche da un dominio ad un altro. L'articolo, attraverso il con-fronto sistematico della letteratura giuridica e sociologica sul tema del lavoro di piattaforma, individua quattro trading zone principali: il riconoscimento del lavoro umano; la qualificazione giuridica dei rapporti di lavoro; il valore del lavoro; l'organizzazione degli interessi collettivi. Le trading zone da noi individuate non sono soltanto spazi di riflessione e integrazione tra discipline diverse ma forniscono anche indicazioni di policy per dipanare le complessità del lavoro digitale nella so-cietà algoritmica.
7
Zazzi, Michele. "Prospettive per il governo dei bacini idrografici." ARCHIVIO DI STUDI URBANI E REGIONALI, no. 96 (September 2010): 71–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/asur2009-096003.
Abstract:
Il saggio individua alcune prospettive rilevanti per il governo dei bacini idrografici nel rinnovato rapporto tra pianificazioni di settore e auspicata pianificazione integrata del territorio. Le esperienze in corso nei bacini idrografici italiani permettono di enucleare almeno due elementi propulsivi: un'estensione del ruolo di governo delle autoritŕ di bacino, secondo una diffusa esigenza di legittimazione sociale, e una maggiore considerazione per le azioni alla scala locale, solitamente legate alla promozione di opzioni strategiche di sviluppo territoriale.
8
KIRSCHNER, TEREZA CRISTINA. "História e Sociologia: a contribuição de Norbert Elias * History and Sociology: the contribution of Norbert Elias." História e Cultura 3, no. 3 (December 5, 2014): 53. http://dx.doi.org/10.18223/hiscult.v3i3.1409.
Abstract:
<p class="Default"><strong>Resumo: </strong>O artigo trata da reflexão do sociólogo Norbert Elias sobre a relação entre indivíduo e sociedade, desenvolvida em uma perspectiva que relaciona a sociologia a outras disciplinas como a história e a psicologia. A proposta do autor é tornar a sociologia uma disciplina multidisciplinar, com especial ênfase na introdução da abordagem histórica nas análises sociológicas. O objetivo do artigo é acompanhar o desenvolvimento da sua reflexão sobre essa questão.</p><p class="Default"><strong>Palavras-chave: </strong>História; Sociologia; multidisciplinaridade.</p><p class="Default"><strong><br /></strong></p><p class="Default"><strong>Abstract: </strong>The article focuses on the German sociologist Norbert Elias’s thought about history and sociology and it aims to emphasize the importance of the link between individual and society in his theory of the social process. It also presents the author’s project of transforming sociology in a multidisciplinary field of research.</p><p class="Default"><strong>Keywords: </strong>History; Sociology; multidisciplinarity.</p>
9
DO VALLE, ULISSES. "A relação entre História e Sociologia no horizonte da conceitualização e da explicação dos objetos históricos: reflexões sobre o pensamento de Max Weber * The relationship between History and Sociology over the horizon of conceptualization..." História e Cultura 3, no. 3 (December 5, 2014): 28. http://dx.doi.org/10.18223/hiscult.v3i3.1408.
Abstract:
<p class="Default"><strong>Resumo</strong>: Este artigo procura refletir sobre as relações entre a disciplina da história e a sociologia a partir do pensamento de Max Weber. Procuramos mostrar como a sociologia exerce uma participação fundamental na constituição do conhecimento histórico com relação a dois procedimentos específicos: a caracterização adequada das entidades históricas individuais, por um lado, e a lógica explicativa que preside a narrativa histórica, por outro. Veremos como Weber, então, introduz a sociologia como uma forma de resolver o intricado problema da interpenetração entre o geral e o particular na representação e na explicação dos objetos históricos, de modo a esclarecer os vínculos formais e metodológicos entre as duas disciplinas assim entendidas.</p><p class="Default"><strong>Palavras-chave</strong>: História; Sociologia; realidade empírica; tipos ideais.</p><p class="Default"><strong><br /></strong></p><p class="Default"><strong>Abstract</strong>: This paper discuss the relationship between the discipline of history and sociology from the thought of Max Weber. We intend to show how sociology plays a key role in the constitution of historical knowledge regarding two specific procedures: the appropriate characterization of individual historical entities, on the one hand, and the explanatory logic of the historical narrative, on the other. We will see how Weber then introduces sociology as a way to solve the intricate problem of interpenetration between the general and the particular in the representation and explanation of historical objects, in order to clarify the formal and methodological links between the two disciplines well understood.</p><p class="Default"><strong>Keywords</strong>: History; Sociology; empirical reality; ideal types.</p>
10
Lahire, Bernard. "Sociology at the individual level, psychologies and neurosciences." European Journal of Social Theory 23, no. 1 (May 8, 2019): 52–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1368431018809548.
Abstract:
The French sociological tradition has long regarded the ‘individual’ as a reality situated outside its area of intellection and investigation. According to Durkheim, the individual is a psychological object par excellence. Sociology has thus long favored the study of collectives (groups, classes, categories, institutions, microcosms), suggesting that the individual was a reality which, in itself, fell short of the social. The article discusses a method from the mid-1990s of researching sociology at an individual scale. This approach is essentially embedded in the French sociological tradition, from Durkheim to Bourdieu via Halbwachs, despite the inflections and criticisms it might have of this tradition, while also drawing on the main theoretical knowledge of Norbert Elias’ relational and process-focused sociology. From empirical realization in methodological and theoretical reflexivity, this research program has progressed in dialog with various types of scientific knowledge more classically oriented toward the individual and their mental realities, such as cultural psychology, psychoanalysis, cognitive psychology or the neurosciences.
11
Rivera Fernández, María Luz. "Los inicios de la reflexión sobre música y sociedad en la Grecia antigua." Epos : Revista de filología, no. 29 (January 1, 2013): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.5944/epos.29.2013.15180.
Abstract:
El presente artículo se propone presentar un panorama de algunos testimonios literarios y filosóficos griegos acerca de los comienzos de la reflexión sociológica sobre la importancia de la música para la configuración armónica de la sociedad y para el mejoramiento personal del individuo en su seno. Según nuestra interpretación, estas dos nociones, que han sido posteriormente recuperadas en la historia del pensamiento utópico y en la sociología –que, desde finales del siglo XIX, ha usado el hecho musical como modelo social– encuentran sus raíces en la tradición de la educación griega, en las ideas del antiguo pitagorismo y en las interpretaciones sobre música y sociedad que incluyeron Platón y Aristóteles en sus obras políticas. Si nuestra hipótesis se confirma, y este artículo es parte de una investigación doctoral sobre la recepción de estas dos nociones en la historia de las ideas y de la sociología, la moderna sociología de la música (Musiksoziologie) dependería directamente de la paideia musical griega y de las ideas utópicas sobre la sociedad ideal a través de la música que provienen de la Grecia antigua.This article aims to present an overview of some Greek literary and philosophical statements about the beginnings of the sociological reflection on the importance of music for the shaping of an harmonious society and for the self-improvement of the individual within it. According to our interpretation, the origin of these two notions, which have been subsequently recovered both in the history of Utopian thought and in sociology –which has used music as a model social since the late 19th Century– can be traced in the tradition of Greek Education, in ancient Pythagoreanism and in the interpretations of music and society offered by Plato and Aristotle in his political works. If our hypothesis is confirmed, and this article is a piece of a PhD research on the reception of these two notions in the history of ideas and of sociology, the modern sociology of music (Musiksoziologie) would depend directly from the Greek musical paideia and from these utopian ideas about an ideal society through music stamming from Ancient Greece.
12
Azhar Ramdhani, Reviandy, Rokibullah Rokibullah, and Devi Yulia. "Specialization in Sociology." Asian Journal of Social and Humanities 1, no. 02 (March 10, 2023): 59–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.59888/ajosh.v1i02.11.
Abstract:
In general, Sociology focuses and focuses on studies related to something related to human behavior in society. However, sociology in essence or in general has a different or diverse approach in viewing the objects contained in sociology. There are sociologists who view and are more interested in discussing deviant behavior in individual humans and society or criminal sociology, many also review sociology in the political field which is based on people's behavior. This article is researched through a qualitative descriptive method as a reference. The purpose of this article is to make us know what sociology is, so that we know various kinds of things that are related and contained in sociology, and so that we know the reciprocity between sociology and various other sciences.
13
Shahidipak, Mohammadreza. "Paradigm of Islamic sociology." Sociology International Journal 6, no. 3 (June 24, 2022): 154–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.15406/sij.2022.06.00279.
Abstract:
This research shows that the first school of sociology during several centuries of the evolution of social thought has finally been introduced to human society as a product of Islamic civilization. The root of Islamic sociology is the comprehensive and profound teachings of the Qur'an on social issues. The Qur'an has made man, society, and history sources of knowledge and has invited to the science of anthropology and the knowledge of human societies and history. A verse from the Qur'an is considered a universal sociological manifesto that refers only to the concept of change and its interconnected human-divine mechanism in the individual and human societies. Since the seventeenth century, the Qur'an has been considered in Europe and American Orientalist scientific circles as a useful work in sociology. After the Qur'an, Ali's first teachings are theoretical materials of social analysis that have analyzed and explained man in terms of behaviour and social relations. Farabi, the founder of Islamic sociology, Farabi's theory of urban and citizenship theory, presented the first classical analysis and explanation of the individual and society. He is the mine of sociology for all ages and all nations. His work Thoughts on the Case of the Good City is a secular work describing the individual and society and depicting the changes of the individual and society. Ibn Khaldun's work is a complete example of a specialized school and school of Islamic sociology. The initiative of this founder of humanities is to talk about the social phenomenon in the language of formula, which is mentioned in this article for the first time as Ibn Khaldun coefficient. Ibn khaldun founded the school of classical sociology at the end of the middle Ages by presenting a formula for depicting the changing societies. He is the result of the evolution of sociology in Islamic civilization. And shows that the Qur'an is the main source of Ibn Khaldun's social thought and the basic concepts of sociology can be clearly traced and scientifically categorized through the study of the Qur'an and is useful in the sociological analysis of the problems of contemporary societies.
14
Starostina, D. A. "Sociology of the body as an independent research direction: prerequisites for formation and subject field." RUDN Journal of Sociology 23, no. 3 (September 30, 2023): 485–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2313-2272-2023-23-3-485-502.
Abstract:
In the contemporary society, under globalization, digitalization, urbanization and networkization, the body acquires new meanings, is included in new discourses and becomes a significant object of sociology. The article considers the possibility of sociology of the body as an independent scientific direction similar to such directions as sociology of medicine, sociology of sexuality, feminist sociology, sociology of sports, sociology of food and nutrition, sociology of aging, etc. The problem of the body has a long tradition of scientific research, and the author identifies the prerequisites for sociology of the body in various areas of social knowledge: philosophy, anthropology, psychology, and general sociology. The author describes four basic research fields in sociology of the body: body as an object of social control; issues of sex and gender; body as an object of consumption; body and technology - development of biotechnology and selftracking technologies. These thematic blocks of sociology of the body are not isolated from such related fields as sociology of medicine, sociology of sexuality, feminist sociology, etc. All directions in the sociological study of the body are interrelated; however, each of them, including sociology of the body, has its own research field. Thus, sociology of the body studies the body in all its diverse social manifestations; the body as an element of social structure and social action; mutual influence of the body and contemporary transformations, such as urbanization, globalization, digitalization, networkization, etc.; emerging social movements focusing on the construction of identity and of the individual corporal project. The body becomes a project that can/should be improved and promoted. The “formed” body reflects such life attitudes of the individual as a sense of style and taste, attitudes to health, self-control, etc. Thus, through the body, the individual creates one’s social representation and identity: the image of “I”.
15
Carreri, Anna, Giorgio Gosetti, Barbara Poggio, and Patrizia Zanoni. "Lavoro e digitalizzazione: introduzione alla sezione monografica." SOCIOLOGIA DEL LAVORO, no. 158 (November 2020): 51–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/sl2020-158003.
Abstract:
Questa introduzione al numero monografico riflette su come la digitalizzazione sta cambiando la qualità del lavoro e della vita lavorativa. Anzitutto, cercando di andare oltre a letture polarizzate e deterministiche, ricostruiamo il dibattito scientifico prestando particolare attenzione ai processi di soggettivizzazione che si intrecciano con le nuove tecnologie, e le forme di controllo e di autonomia che esse introducono. Sulla base della nostra lettura dei contributi raccolti, l'articolo offre poi una riflessione sui concetti e gli strumenti metodologici utilizzati e individua piste di ricerca futura per l'analisi del modo in cui le tecnologie digitali trasformano il lavoro e la qualità della vita lavorativa.
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Brandenberger, D. "The Leningrad Blockade through the Lens of Historical Sociology and Social History." Modern History of Russia 13, no. 4 (2023): 813–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/spbu24.2023.404.
Abstract:
Jeffrey Hass’ study of the 872-day blockade of Leningrad is groundbreaking interdisciplinary research, weaving together history, sociology, economics and behavioral psychology to explore how individual Leningraders survived the siege’s inhumane conditions and why society in the northern capital didn’t collapse. He examines how the blockade challenged notions of gender and class identity and at the same time reified them, reinforcing traditional patterns and behaviors. Hass focuses on the siege of Leningrad, which was probably the most sustained experience of urban hardship, suffering and starvation in World War II. He is aware that his findings may not necessarily apply to other contexts in World War II or beyond, and instead investigates larger questions about systemic collapse, such as what determines when communities, institutions or civilizations break down and the sources of resilience that allow society to survive extreme hardship. The disciplinary perspective of the book is historical sociology, which is an empirical study of society in the past. There has been tension between social history and historical sociology, with the former emphasizing the sociocultural context of separate and distinct events and actors, and the latter stressing more generalizable theory. Social historians focus on the distinctiveness of historical experience and phenomena, while historical sociologists investigate these topics in ways governed by their relevance to broader conceptual areas of scholarship. Historical sociology offers a deductive approach, identifying evidence capable of supporting or refuting theoretical propositions, while social history suggests an inductive methodology, attempting to make broader sense of disparate historical data. These differences have been discussed by well-known critics such as Eric Hobsbawm, who argued that historical sociology’s focus on generalizable patterns and behaviors rendered it mechanistic. Hass’s book, as a premier example of modern historical sociology, is careful enough to deflect many of these traditional criticisms of the field.
17
Librová, Hana. "Čtyři dimenze individualizmu v environmentální perspektivě." Sociální studia / Social Studies 6, no. 3 (August 3, 2009): 11–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/soc2009-3-11.
Abstract:
Text se snaží vnést do environmentálního diskurzu plnější pochopení individualizmu. V laických diskusích, ale i v odborných textech, environmentalisté individualizmus ztotožňují s egoizmem, s neochotou korigovat ekologicky riskantní chování, spotřební životní způsob a sobecké lpění na soukromí. V našem textu jsme použili typologii amerického sociologa Stevena Lukese, která je postavena na sémantických dimenzích individualizmu. Díky nim se můžeme zamýšlet nad environmentálními souvislostmi individualizmu z širšího zorného úhlu. Lukes na základě historické a sémantické analýzy navrhuje chápat individualizmus v jedenácti dimenzích: důstojnost člověka, autonomie rozhodování, soukromí, seberozvoj, abstraktní individuum, individualizmus politický, individualizmus ekonomický, individualizmus náboženský, individualizmus etický, individualizmus epistemologický a individualizmus metodologický. Článek pracuje zejména s prvními čtyřmi z těchto kategorií; snaží se dokázat, že šířeji chápaný individualizmus nemusí vždy znamenat ekologicky riskantní postoj sobeckého individua, ale že v mnoha ohledech naopak přináší do postoje k přírodě a do každodenního chování prvky, které jsou ekologicky příznivé.
18
Kibakin, S. "From anthropocentrism to sociology of things and digital sociology." Digital Sociology 2, no. 1 (May 31, 2019): 10–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.26425/2658-347x-2019-1-10-16.
Abstract:
The genesis of socio-humanitarian and sociological knowledge, namely: understanding and studying the phenomenon of human life, its biological, vital, informational and social aspects has been revealed. The regularity of the transformation of anthropocentrism under the influence of the development of science and technology, the emergence of the concept of post-humanism has been substantiated. The examples of man-made disasters, the use of weapons of mass destruction, as social facts, that had a significant impact on the development of mankind, have been adduced. The conditions for the emergence of object-oriented sociology and the sociology of things have been shown, some scientific approaches have been disclosed within the framework of this concept of Graham Harman, Brun Latour and his followers. Separately, the methodological approaches of the actor-network theory have been disclosed, the main one has been highlighted. Separately, the methodological foundations of cognition of the world of things have been described within the framework of object-oriented sociology, related to the rejection of opposing pairs of the concepts “society and nature”, “truth is non-truth”, “structure and process” and others. The connection of this theory with the sociology of translation has been shown. The characteristic of the problems of development of the scientific and methodological base of digital sociology in the context of changing the content of social relations “man – machine” on the example of the information and communication network Internet has been given. Among them, have been allocated the problems of delegation to digital technologies, more and more powers in solving complex socio-technical problems, the global centralization of digital resources management, the emergence of virtual actors of social interaction. The author reduces specific examples of the use of actor-network theory to interpret the processes and phenomena of interaction between users of Internet resources with individual components of the Internet. Separately, promising areas of research in this area, related to the phenomena of the Internet of things and neuronet, have been highlighted.
19
Gosetti, Giorgio. "Dalla qualitŕ del lavoro alla qualitŕ della vita lavorativa: persistenze e innovazioni nel profilo teorico e nelle modalitŕ di analisi." SOCIOLOGIA DEL LAVORO, no. 127 (September 2012): 17–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/sl2012-127003.
Abstract:
Il saggio considera la qualitŕ del lavoro come l'esito del rapporto fra bisogni del lavoratore e profilo dell'organizzazione del lavoro. Le recenti trasformazioni hanno visto frammentarsi il lavoro e sempre piů sovrapporsi il lavoro con la vita, con una richiesta rivolta al lavoratore di maggiore disponibilitŕ. Tali cambiamenti implicano un passaggio concettuale ed analitico dalla qualitŕ del lavoro (centrata sugli aspetti intrinseci del lavoro) alla qualitŕ della vita lavorativa, che considera anche il rapporto fra lavoro e vita. Nella seconda parte il saggio presenta un quadro analitico della qualitŕ della vita lavorativa, che individua componenti soggettive ed oggettive e gli elementi analitici fondamentali aggregati nelle diverse dimensioni.
20
Cicchelli, Vincenzo, Catherine Pugeault-Cicchelli, and Maurizio Merico. "Individual and Social Temporalities in American Sociology (1940–2000)." Time & Society 15, no. 1 (March 2006): 141–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0961463x06061335.
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Huebner, Daniel R. "Toward a Sociology of the State and War: Emil Lederer's Political Sociology." European Journal of Sociology 49, no. 1 (April 2008): 65–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003975608000052.
Abstract:
AbstractAlthough recognized for innovations in economics and economic sociology, Emil Lederer’s impressive contributions to political sociology have been almost completely ignored. Lederer wrote extensively on questions of practical and theoretical relevance for a sociological analysis of the state and war, especially in response to and anticipation of the World Wars of the last century. This article considers the elements of his political-sociological work in the context of the circumstances under which they developed and concludes with an attempt to construct an outline of the basic tenets of a sociology of the state and war derived from Lederer’s writings. This analysis highlights Lederer’s sensitivity to a dynamic understanding of the total social configuration and its impact on the individual psyche as central to explicating the characteristics of particular political-sociological phenomena.
22
Sokolov, Mikhail. "Towards a Sociology of Regret." Sotsiologicheskoe Obozrenie / Russian Sociological Review 18, no. 4 (2019): 9–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.17323/1728-192x-2019-4-9-46.
Abstract:
The paper looks into sociological implications of two discussions currently developing in behavioral economics and organizations theory: (1) regret theory, exploring the proposition that human decision making is governed by avoiding anticipated regret, rather than maximizing expected utility, and (2) studies of sunk cost fallacy, consisting in making decisions aimed at justifying previous decisions. We argue that these two areas of theorizing, presently isolated, are dealing with essentially the same phenomenon. This becomes evident if we recognize that choices are organized in sequences, with the merits of each particular choice being evaluated in the light of outcomes of the whole sequence. We then explore some general conditions of the ability to anticipate regret: interaction with one’s future Self and sequential organizations of states an individual find him/herself. We then discuss some widely spread forms of individual adaptations to the threat of experiencing regret: dissonance avoidance, prospective rationalization, cultivation of prescience, de-sequencing and open endings. We further explore various forms of collective actions involving regret avoidance, using the development of the sociological discipline as an example.
23
Izharuddin, Alicia. "Does sociology need decolonizing?" International Sociology 34, no. 2 (February 28, 2019): 130–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0268580919830903.
Abstract:
This essay reviews three books that investigate the intellectual significance of decentering Eurocentric models in sociology. Each takes a different approach: Syed Farid Alatas and Vineeta Sinha’s Sociological Theory Beyond the Canon employs the comparative biographical study of ‘canonical’ and less well known non-Western social theorists. Julian Go and George Lawson’s edited volume, Global Historical Sociology, develops a robust paradigm that departs from the ‘methodological nationalism’ that defines and limits contemporary sociology and related disciplines. The third book in this review, James V Spickard’s Alternative Sociologies of Religion: Through Non-Western Eyes, turns traditional sociology of religion on its head by examining contemporary Christianity and Islam using concepts developed in ancient China and 14th-century Tunisia. The three books share a similar aim: to shed light on the limits and oversight of Eurocentric sociology that emphasizes the stable sovereign nation and the individual but fails to provide due recognition to the interrelationships and mutual dependence that propel social identities in motion across time and space.
24
Kusainov, Daurenbek, and Ainur Sadyrova. "SOME PROBLEMS OF THE SOCIOLOGY OF THE FAMILY OF THE MODERN SOCIETY." BULLETIN Series of Sociological and Political sciences 75, no. 3 (September 15, 2021): 28–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.51889/2021-3.1728-8940.04.
Abstract:
Marriage and the family are important institutions of human society. As we know, they include different private institutions: the institute of kinship, the institute of motherhood and fatherhood, the institute of property, the institute of social protection of childhood and guardianship, and others. The process of family formation is the process of assimilation of social norms, roles and standards that regulate courtship, the choice of a marriage partner, family stabilization, sexual behavior, relations with the parents of spouses.The sociology of the family in a narrow sense, as part of general sociology, as a theory of the “middle level”; considers a special sphere of life and culture of families. The sociology of the family deals with a group, and not with an individual subject of life activity. A group of people connected by family and kinship relations forms that part of the social reality that is studied by the sociology of the family, where the family lifestyle is at the forefront. The sociology of the family considers the individual as a member of the family, integral part of the society. The sociology of the family correlates with the sociology of the individual; it studies personality, first of all, through the prism of socio-cultural intra-family ties, family identity of the individual. In any societythe family has a dual character. On the one hand, it is a social institution, on the other-a small group that has its own laws of functioning and development.
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Munir, Muhammad Misbakhul. "Research on Moral Education in the Perspective of the Book Ta'lim Al-Muta'allim by Sheikh Az-Zarnuzi at Madrasah Diniyah Takmiliyah Awaliyah (Dta) Al-Ishlahul Athfal." Asian Journal of Social and Humanities 1, no. 02 (November 11, 2022): 68–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.59888/ajosh.v1i02.12.
Abstract:
In general, Sociology focuses and focuses on studies related to something related to human behavior in society. However, sociology in essence or in general has a different or diverse approach in viewing the objects contained in sociology. There are sociologists who view and are more interested in discussing deviant behavior in individual humans and society or criminal sociology, many also review sociology in the political field which is based on people's behavior. This article is researched through a qualitative descriptive method as a reference. The purpose of this article is to make us know what sociology is, so that we know various kinds of things that are related and contained in sociology, and so that we know the reciprocity between sociology and various other sciences.
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Kanke, Victor Andreevich, Natalya Ilinichna Kiseleva, Tatiana Nikolaevna Seregina, Elena Vitalievna Tarakanovskaya, and Ilya Vadimovich Opryshko. "The complementarity of sociology and psychology and their general scientific significance." LAPLAGE EM REVISTA 7, no. 1 (January 4, 2021): 390–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.24115/s2446-6220202171747p.390-395.
Abstract:
The nature of sociology and psychology is clarified accounting for the achievements of modern philosophy of science. The general scientific significance of these sciences is determined in accordance with said clarification. Any scientific theory functions, in particular, in the form of group and individual theories. In this connection, the general scientific significance of sociology and psychology becomes evident. The status of sociology is primarily determined by the study of group theories that have general scientific significance. The status of psychology is determined by individual theories. Its priority in this area is also indisputable. Therefore, same as sociology, psychology presents a science of auxiliary nature. Auxiliary sciences are necessary for the development of the content of the independent sciences. Unfortunately, the mainstream tendency is that both sociology and psychology are considered independent branches of science. In this regard, the status of sociology is determined by a certain class of social phenomena, and the status of psychology is determined by mental processes.
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Voas, David. "Towards a Sociology of Attitudes." Sociological Research Online 19, no. 1 (February 2014): 132–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.5153/sro.3289.
Abstract:
The psychology of attitudes has made important contributions to knowledge over many decades, but it has tended to cause confusion in the study of social attitudes. From a sociological perspective, attitudes should be defined as prescriptive or evaluative judgements, not as individual predispositions to act in particular ways or to view something favourably or unfavourably. The basic distinction that has been lost is that between personal preferences, tastes or feelings on the one hand and social attitudes on the other. Attitudes also need to be distinguished from beliefs and values. Contrary to the current consensus in psychology, if not actual practice in sociology, attitudes are more usefully regarded as observable characteristics than as latent constructs. This perspective is applied to survey questions related to attitudes and then both theoretically and empirically to the concepts of tolerance and trust, with the aim of illustrating what might emerge from a more sociological treatment of attitudes. The analysis involves cross-national comparisons using the 2008 European Values Study. Distaste for multiple kinds of out-groups seems to be a better predictor of not wanting a homosexual as a neighbour than disapproval of homosexuality, and similar results are found for other ‘others’. With trust, the evidence shows that not only individual but also national differences in the perceived fairness of others have substantial effects. To the extent that trust is rooted in a moral evaluation of people in general, it qualifies as an attitude itself rather than being just a belief about the attitudes of others.
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Fararo, Thomas J., and Gosta Carlsson. "Mass Response and Individual Choice: The Sociology of Behavioral Trends." Contemporary Sociology 18, no. 1 (January 1989): 152. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2072020.
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MKHITARYAN, SAMSON. "SKILLS OF WRITING STUDENT’S INDIVIDUAL ACADEMIC RESEARCH WORK IN “SOCIOLOGY”." Main Issues Of Pedagogy And Psychology 12, no. 3 (December 12, 2016): 78–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.24234/miopap.v12i3.76.
Abstract:
The article discusses the need in transferring skills of writing academic papers which are very useful while students prepare their course and diploma works. As a part of academic writing, the author proposes methodological approaches to teaching students how to write diploma works, including collection of materials, structuring of the text and argumentation of the theses, as well as representing the work for defense.
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Shreck, Aimee, and Sherry Sperman. "Individual voices, collective visions: Fifty years of women in sociology." Social Science Journal 34, no. 3 (September 1, 1997): 421–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0362-3319(97)90044-6.
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Masson, Philippe, and Cherry Schrecker. "How Does the Individual Find a Place in French Sociology?" American Sociologist 48, no. 3-4 (July 7, 2017): 523–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12108-017-9356-y.
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Gonthier, Frédéric. "Algunas reflexiones epistemológicas sobre la idea de suicidio en sociología." Revista Española de Investigaciones Sociológicas, no. 81 (February 29, 2024): 117–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.5477/cis/reis.81.117.
Abstract:
Más alla de la tradicion sociológica que ratifica sin reservas la legitimidad de una objetivacion del suicidio, este articulo asume sin reservas una reflexión epistemológica dirigida a interrogarse sobre la manera en que el suicidio adviene a la sociologia. siguiendo una perspectiva genealogica, el autor muestra como la idea del suicidio se impone desde fuera a la sociología de Durkheim, en la que encuentra su lugar al convertirse en el indice de una patologia social que corregir. elevando a continuación la idea del suicidio al rango de una aporia referida a la antinomia individuo-sociedad, subraya que la ambigüedad de la sociologia del suicidio consiste en el hecho de que sirve de soporte metasociológico cara a la afirmacion de la teoria sociológica.
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Stewart, Simon. "Evaluating Culture: Sociology, Aesthetics and Policy." Sociological Research Online 18, no. 1 (February 2013): 61–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.5153/sro.2831.
Abstract:
This article contends that a sociologically-informed approach to aesthetic value can be usefully connected to debates regarding cultural policy. Such an approach can encourage reflexivity on the part of policy makers and cultural arbiters, making them sensitive to their privileged position in social space and aware of the differential levels of access to culture experienced by the public they serve. Furthermore, it can inform research into the process of evaluation that takes place at an individual and collective level. The article advocates research into the dynamics of the evaluative moment, which involves paying close attention to the interplay between the individual or group or community and the cultural object. The ways in which different social groups interact with and evaluate cultural objects will in part be determined by their social origin and levels of cultural competence. However, these contextual factors do not provide the whole picture. To zoom in on the dynamics of the evaluative moment means also to keep the cultural object in sight, to be aware of the properties of cultural objects as well as of the sensibilities and dispositions that enable their appreciation.
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Marković-Savić, Olivera. "Teaching sociology in museums." Zbornik radova Filozofskog fakulteta u Pristini 53, no. 1 (2023): 405–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/zrffp53-42650.
Abstract:
Education system is situated in formal educational and pedagogical institutions. However, considering that schools are not the only places for education, this paper examines the possibilities of teaching sociology in museums as a form of out-of-classroom learning. Teaching sociology in a museum provides opportunities for developing lasting basic knowledge and life-long learning, establishing and developing aesthetic and critical thinking aspects of students' personalities, and observing personal lives and experiences within a wider social context. The paper shows suggestions for this type of out-of-classroom learning, teacher's role in planning and visiting museums, teaching methods and units that can be attained in this form of learning, and a museum as an educational instrument. Learning through collaboration with other institutions in the local community shifts the learning context towards more complex cognitive processes. In the process of joint processing of a phenomenon, constructive discussion is encouraged and carried out in an unconventional form of class. At the same time, the cooperation between the local community and the school is being improved because the school upgrades its role of knowledge transfer to the role of a living centre in the community, and the school is actively involved in the needs of the local community. Among the teaching methods applicable to teaching in a museum, we have singled out a dialogical method and an interactive method because of their closeness to the constructivist approach in which the process of acquiring knowledge is conceived as the creation of the individual and the product of constructions. The essence of the teaching process in modern education lies in competencies among which the most important is that a student learns to learn and apply the acquired knowledge in practice.
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Zavaleta Betancourt, José Alfredo. "Socialización en escenarios de violencia y oportunidades de resiliencia y pacificación desde la perspectiva disposicional." Clivajes. Revista de Ciencias Sociales, no. 12 (February 10, 2020): 22–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.25009/clivajes-rcs.v0i12.2576.
Abstract:
Este trabajo utiliza elementos básicos de la sociología disposicional de Bernard Lahire, con el propósito de pensar la socialización de los jóvenes en procesos de violencia social y experiencias de pacificación en la socialización primaria y secundaria. Para tal efecto, distingue entre la teoría de los campos de Pierre Bourdieu y la sociología disposicional de Lahire, para interrogarnos acerca de cómo las/los jóvenes aprenden a ser violentos o pacíficos en la familia, la escuela, el barrio y en sus interacciones con funcionarios gubernamentales en espacios microsociales.En tales circunstancias, se propone un análisis de la violencia a escala individual que supone revisar habitus en la pluralidad de disposiciones hacia la violencia y como los jóvenes, constreñidos o autoconstruidos, entre la socialización primaria y secundaria, con la reducción implícita de su experiencia en entornos de vulnerabilidad y violencia, enfrentan la adversidad y desarrollan prácticas violentas y resilientes, de mediación y construcción de paz, en sus entornos inmediatos.Palabras clave: Socialización, Disposiciones, Pasado incorporado, Violencia social Socialization in scenarios of violence and opportunities for resilience and pacification from the dispositional perspectiveSummaryThis work uses basic elements of the dispositional sociology of Bernard Lahire, with the purpose of thinking about the socialization of young people in processes of social violence and experiences of pacification in primary and secondary socialization. To this end, it distinguishes between the theory of the fields of Pierre Bourdieu and the dispositional sociology of Lahire, to ask us about how young people learn to be violent or peaceful in the family, school, neighborhood and in their interactions with Government public servants in microsocial spaces.In such circumstances, an analysis of violence on an individual scale is proposed, which involves reviewing habitus in the plurality of dispositions towards violence and as young people, constrained or self-constructed, between primary and secondary socialization, with the implicit reduction of their experience in environments of vulnerability and violence, facing adversity and developing violent and resilient practices of mediation and peace building in their immediate environments.Keywords: Socialization, Regulations, Past incorporated, Social violence Socialisation en scénarios de violence et opportunités de résilience et pacification à partir de la perspective dispositionnelleRésuméCe travail utilise des éléments basics de la sociologie disposisionnelle de Bernard Lahire dans le but de penser à la socialisation des jeunes dans des procès de violence sociale et expériences de pacification dans la socialisation primaire et secondaire. Pour ce faire, il distingue entre la théorie des champs de Pierre Bourdieu et la sociologie dispositionnelle de Lahire pour nous interroger sur comment les jeunes apprennent à être violents ou pacifiques dans la famille, à l’école, dans le quartier et dans leurs interactions avec des fonctionnaires du gouvernement dans des espaces microsociaux.Dans telles circonstances, on propose une analyse de la violence à échelle individuelle qui suppose de réviser des habitus dans la pluralité des dispositions envers la violence et comment les jeunes forcés ou auto construits, entre la socialisation primaire et secondaire, avec la réduction implicite de leur expérience dans des entourages de vulnérabilité et violence, affrontent l’adversité et ils développent des pratiques violentes et résilientes, de médiation et construction de paix, dans leurs entourages immédiats.Mots clés: Socialisation, Dispositions, Passé incorporeé, Violence sociale
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Hamel, Jacques. "Réflexions sur la réflexivité en sociologie." Social Science Information 46, no. 3 (September 2007): 471–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0539018407079727.
Abstract:
English This article considers the reflexivity that arises from the “individualization of social life,” which is the result of changes in current societies and which, for example, forces sociology to consider its purpose at a new cost. How exactly is individuality to be defined from this perspective? What status is to be conferred on the statements of individuals who are operating in such a framework? Having defined precisely to what reflexivity corresponds, the author seeks to qualify the theses currently held on this topic, as illustrated by the theories of P. Bourdieu and A. Giddens, which provide an opportunity to conceive of common sense as practical knowledge and individuality as the mediation required to attain the social. The reflexivity of sociology is finally addressed in order to show that today, sociological knowledge fuels the practical knowledge that individuals mobilize to make sense, at their own level, of what they are and what they do. French Cet article envisage la réflexivité surgie de l “individualisation de la vie sociale” née des mutations des sociétés actuelles et qui, par exemple, oblige la sociologie à concevoir son objet à nouveaux frais. Comment définir exactement l’individualité dans cette perspective? Quel statut conférer aux propos des individus qui évoluent dans ce cadre? Après avoir cerné ce à quoi correspond exactement la réflexivité, l’auteur cherche à nuancer les thèses en vogue sur le sujet en prenant pour illustration les théories de P. Bourdieu et d’A. Giddens qui lui permettent de concevoir le sens commun comme connaissance pratique et l’individualité comme médiation obligée pour atteindre le social. La réflexivité de la sociologie est finalement abordée afin de montrer que, de nos jours, la connaissance sociologique alimente la connaissance pratique que mobilisent les individus pour, à leur niveau, rendre raison de ce qu’ils sont et de ce qu’ils font.
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Popov, Evgenij А., Victor V. Nagajzev, Natalia A. Sterlyadeva, and Angelina N. Schrajber. "Sociology of culture in Russian textbooks." Moscow State University Bulletin. Series 18. Sociology and Political Science 25, no. 1 (April 18, 2019): 96–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.24290/1029-3736-2019-25-1-96-110.
Abstract:
A textbook on the sociology of culture is seen as a way of systematization of knowledge in this branch of sociology and as a didactic mechanism for student learning. The role of such a textbook is analyzed at three levels: 1) the existence of the concept of the textbook that meets the characteristics of the scientific status of sociology of culture; 2) the severity of the problem approach, correlated with the capabilities of the sociology of culture compared to other disciplines and scientific fields studying culture and its various types and forms; 3) the priority of the theoretical or applied aspects of the sociological study of culture. A chronological perspective on the main subject of the article allows to judge about the specifics of the development of sociology of culture as a branch of science, which is reflected in textbooks and teaching materials. On the other hand, this vector points to the potential of each individual tutorial to develop sociological knowledge about the culture. Taken together, these circumstances point to the problematic aspects of conceptualising how the field of sociology and the possibility of teaching this discipline at the University.The article focuses on the understanding of the role of the textbook in the didactic plan, but in the sociology of culture the textbook is considered not only as a way to teach the student, but also as a factor of enriching the field of sociology with new approaches and new knowledge in general. Thus, a textbook on the sociology of culture can be given the status of a scientific publication. Often the textbook at the same time performs a heuristic function, which allows you to realize a rather controversial potential of sectoral sociology more productively among students.
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čermák, Daniel, and Věra Potančoková. "Individual Determinants of Climate Change Scepticism in the Czech Republic." Sociológia - Slovak Sociological Review 52, no. 6 (November 30, 2020): 578–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.31577/sociologia.2020.52.6.24.
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Seghezzi, Francesco. "Il Patto per il lavoro della regione Emilia-Romagna: una lettura di relazioni industriali." SOCIOLOGIA DEL LAVORO, no. 161 (December 2021): 218–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/sl2021-161011.
Abstract:
L'autore analizza il Patto per il lavoro firmato in Emilia Romagna nel luglio del 2015 e rinnovato nel dicembre del 2020 nella prospettiva delle relazioni industriali. In particolare si concentra sui contenuti del patto e sulle ragioni che hanno spinto le parti sociali a sottoscriverlo. L'autore mostra le differenze con il ricco panorama di patti degli anni Novanta, nei quali i contenuti erano più focalizzati su singole azioni connesse alle politiche del lavoro. Nel Patto per il lavoro l'autore individua un più ampio approccio delle parti sociali alle tematiche del lavoro con un interesse per le politiche industriali, le politiche del mercato del lavoro e le politiche della formazione. Emerge che le parti sociali agiscano per legittimare la loro azione specifica a livello aziendale o territoriale attraverso una partecipazione attiva nella definizione del più ampio scenario delle politiche territoriali insieme all'attore pubblico.
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Schaible, Johann, Sonja Strunk, and David Brodesser. "A collaboration platform for sociology. How to increase accessibility, visibility and sustainability of scientific information in sociology." Journal of Science Communication 17, no. 02 (April 17, 2018): C03. http://dx.doi.org/10.22323/2.17020303.
Abstract:
Web-based information and communication systems extend access for scientific communities to information such as publications or research data and provide the opportunity to collaborate with other scientists. Our comment gives a short sketch of the Information Service Sociology (short: FID Sociology), in which we aim at designing and developing such an information and communication infrastructure within the field of Sociology. To this end, it comprises (i) an approach for simplified publishing of open access publications, (ii) an integrated search across multiple sociological databases, and (iii) a collaboration platform to facilitate interaction and collaborations between members of the sociological community. Here, we mainly focus on the individual steps of the development of the collaboration platform.
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Szulich-Kałuża, Justyna. "Emotions in the Perspective of Sociology." Roczniki Kulturoznawcze 14, no. 1 (April 5, 2023): 199–212. http://dx.doi.org/10.18290/rkult231401.11.
Abstract:
The article presents the history of development of sociological thought on emotions and demonstrates two classic traditions of their understanding: a positivistic one, describing the duality of human nature (individual and social, emotional and rational), and a neo-positivistic one, oriented towards actions and interactions between individuals (emotions are placed in individuals). A sociological typology of emotions is presented, offering a distinction between universal emotions (primary, basic, fundamental) and secondary (socially constructed). Among many social definitions of emotions, Steven Gordon’s definition was used owing to its cultural and constructivist references. The second part of the article presents classic sociological theories of emotions and contemporary trends in sociological studies of emotions.
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RAMDANI, Fatiha, Nawal BACHA, and Abdelkader KHERIBECHE. "THE SOCIOLOGY OF THE NAME’S FASHION." RIMAK International Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences 05, no. 06 (November 1, 2023): 378–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.47832/2717-8293.26.22.
Abstract:
This paper addresses the topic of nominal fashion sociology, as fashion is an important social movement, and it enters the dynamic of society, making an impact on both the individual and society. As fashion is a social phenomenon and affects the process of choosing the name for the newborn, it also relies on imitation as its main driver through individuals' imitation of other individuals. However, we wanted to touch on the concept of fashion and highlight the difference between it and social habits, as well as on the views of some sociology thinkers on the subject of fashion, so that we can finally figure out the relationship between fashion and naming someone and its most important factors.
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Grigoryev, Leonid M., and Lyubov Popovets. "Sociology of individual tragedies. Homicides and suicides: Cross-country cluster analysis." Russian Journal of Economics 5, no. 3 (October 21, 2019): 251–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.32609/j.ruje.5.47348.
Abstract:
Sociology and psychology closely study the phenomena of homicide and suicide among countries of the world, but both remain little studied in the context of the levels of countries’ development and international comparisons. Developed countries (in terms of GDP per capita) show a decrease in the relative rate of homicides, but the case of suicides is not so explicit. This paper examines the relative levels of suicides and homicides all around the world in the context of socio-economic indices as well as indicators of mental health among the population. Addressing the example of the BRICS countries, the authors discuss the impact of economic imbalances on homicide and suicide levels. The analysis demonstrates that social inequality determines cross-country differences for relative levels in terms of homicide rates, including the course of events in the post-Soviet countries. And in the case of Russia, it is possible to make a conclusion not only about the presence of deep inter-regional differences, but also about a large-scale reduction in the frequency of two tragic phenomena between 2000 and 2017 during the economic recovery.
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Hund, John. "Hegel's Break with Kant: The Leap from Individual Psychology to Sociology." Philosophy of the Social Sciences 28, no. 2 (June 1998): 226–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/004839319802800203.
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Sun, Ron. "Individual action and collective function: From sociology to multi-agent learning." Cognitive Systems Research 2, no. 1 (April 2001): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1389-0417(01)00012-2.
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Helmes-Hayes, Richard. "Engaged, Practical Intellectualism: John Porter and ‘New Liberal’ Public Sociology." Canadian Journal of Sociology 34, no. 3 (May 29, 2009): 831–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.29173/cjs6307.
Abstract:
The debate initiated by Michael Burawoy’s 2004 Presidential Address to the American Sociological Association, “For Public Sociology,” has been a ‘public good’ (2005a; see also 2004abc, 2005bcdefg, 2006, 2007abc, 2008). Burawoy provoked sociologists around the world into revisiting the fundamental question “What is the nature and purpose of the discipline?”, and the variety of responses they have crafted is remarkable. Whatever the views individual scholars might hold, the discipline as a whole is deeply, inherently, and unavoidably political. Many of his critics have commented on the fact that it incongruous for him to call for a rejuvenated, highly politicized public sociology and simultaneously claim that such an entity could realistically involve relationships of “synergy,” “reciprocal interdependence,” and “organic solidarity” with the other three types (or “faces”) of sociology, including professional sociology It is axiomatic – part of the conventional wisdom of the discipline – that professional sociologists cannot accept the politicization of the research process. In order to remain scientific, professional sociology must stand in an unalterably adversarial relationship with the value-laden radical/ critical sociology that constitutes the basis for Burawoy’s vision of a properly constituted public sociology.
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Bayani, Farhad. "Scientific Imperialism: Economics Imperialism Against Sociology in Iran." Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences 14, no. 4 (July 5, 2023): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.36941/mjss-2023-0021.
Abstract:
The growing attention of the government in Iran to the individual-centered discourse and its knowledge kinds has caused a slow and increasing influence of individual-centered theories, methodologies and approaches (including economics, along with emerging psychology and mysticism) in social explanations and analysis, and this is one of the implications and examples of the imperialist relationship between individualist discourse and sociology. This article aims to investigate, examine, and expose the various facets of this scientific imperialism. Documentary research methodology is the foundation of this study. The underlying premise of this study is that the ontological and epistemological underpinnings of the Nominalism school, along with historical and empirical evidence to support them, play a vital role in the principles and foundations of economics (one of the definitions of individual-centred discourse). The results demonstrate that individualism and atomism, particularly in economics, have evolved and become more pervasive in Iranian culture. Nominalism has been crucial in theorising this scenario since it serves as the discourse's ontological and epistemic base. The result of this situation is nothing but the dominance of the individual-centered and the weakening of the social, both in the analysis of reality and in its construction. In the meantime, one should not and cannot ignore the relation and cooperation of power and knowledge for the emergence and stabilization of this situation.
Received: 24 May 2023 / Accepted: 27 June 2023 / Published: 5 July 2023
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Dobrinskaya, Daria E. "Digital sociology for exploring digital society." Вестник Пермского университета. Философия. Психология. Социология, no. 2 (2021): 250–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.17072/2078-7898/2021-2-250-259.
Abstract:
The advent of the digital age has become a serious challenge for researchers in various fields of scientific knowledge. Among others, this refers to sociology, which tried to give an adequate answer to the question of how the world is changing. The purpose of this article is to outline the contours of a new sociological field — digital sociology, which has been actively developing in recent years. The article provides an overview of Russian and international studies that have contributed to the formation of the scope of research and research objectives of digital sociology. It focuses on digital society, which appears due to the development and implementation of modern technological infrastructure represented by key digital technologies (communication networks, big data technologies, algorithms and complex algorithmic systems, platforms, artificial intelligence technologies, cloud computing, augmented and virtual reality technologies, etc.). This extremely complex infrastructure has a decisive influence on the emergence of new social practices, on identity, on the everyday life of both the individual and society as a whole. Digital sociology aims to theorize critically about digitalization, datafication, algorithmization, and platformization, and to determine the social implications of these processes. Moreover, digital sociology offers a range of methodological techniques and tools based on digital technologies that provide new possibilities for quantitative and qualitative sociological research. Digital sociology is also seen as a professional sociological practice which includes teaching the discipline, carrying out scientific communications, and sharing the results of sociologists’ scientific work.
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Kremakova, Milena I. "Too Soft for Economics, Too Rigid for Sociology, or Just Right? The Productive Ambiguities of Sen’s Capability Approach." European Journal of Sociology 54, no. 3 (December 2013): 393–419. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003975613000210.
Abstract:
AbstractThe capability approach has been developed by Amartya Sen, Martha Nussbaum and others as a human-centred normative framework for the evaluation of individual and group well-being, quality of life and social justice. Sen and Nussbaum’s ideas have influenced global, national and local policy and have been further developed in a number of academic disciplines, but so far have remained largely unnoticed in sociology. This article examines recent capability-informed theories and empirical applications in the sociology of human rights and other academic fields adjacent to sociology, focussing on examples of social policy studies in the fields of welfare, the labour market, health and disability, and education. The article outlines several potential areas in which capability-informed frameworks are relevant for critical social theory, public sociology and global sociology.
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Fitzi, Gregor. "Dialogue. Divergence. Veiled Reception. Criticism: Georg Simmel’s relationship with Émile Durkheim." Journal of Classical Sociology 17, no. 4 (November 2017): 293–308. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1468795x17735994.
Abstract:
Simmel was the only German sociologist who directly cooperated with Durkheim. After an initial impression of convergence between the sociology of social facts and the sociology of social forms, a break between the two founders of sociology became inevitable. Yet, Durkheim and Simmel went on positioning themselves against one other in the years ahead. Durkheim’s allegation of ‘individual psychologism’ induced Simmel to a veiled reception of Durkheim’s methodological approach that permitted him to refine the sociological epistemology he eventually presented in the Soziologie published in 1908. On this basis, he was able to formulate a final criticism of the sociology of social facts as a social psychology.