Academic literature on the topic 'Sociology, medical – methods'
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Journal articles on the topic "Sociology, medical – methods"
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Lee, Seunghee, Myung-Hyun Chung, Jwa-Seop Shin, and Eun Kyung Chung. "A Survey on the Introduction of Medical Humanities and Sociology into the National Medical Licensing Examination." Korean Medical Education Review 12, no. 1 (June 30, 2010): 33–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.17496/kmer.2010.12.1.033.
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Purpose: This study aimed at investigating the current situation of Medical Humanities and Sociology-related-curriculum in Korean medical schools, and suggesting the courses of study for the contents and methods of the Medical Humanities and Sociology examination, which can be included in the National Examination for Medical Practitioners. Methods: We analyzed Medical Humanities and Sociology-related courses which are offered in Korean medical schools, and a survey was conducted by medical school professors and students and medical journalists. In the survey, the Medical Humanities and Sociology-related courses were divided into 8 parts, and the participants were asked to evaluate the importance of duty, necessity of education, necessity of evaluation and the evaluation method of each part using a seven-point scale. Results: A total of 207 medical school professors and students and 9 medical journalists participated in the survey. The results were similar for the importance of duty and necessity of education of each part, but those for the necessity of evaluation were different. - As a result, there seems to be a gap between the importance of duty and the importance of education of each course. Medical journalists and students group answered differently on the necessity of evaluation of each course was also reserved. Conclusion: It is necessarily recommended to include Medical Humanities and Sociology-related courses such as medical ethics, self-improvement and doctors’ social responsibilities in the National Examination for Medical Practitioners.
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Gregory, Stanford W., and Richard O'Toole. "Teaching Sociological Research Methods to Medical Students." Teaching Sociology 15, no. 2 (April 1987): 128. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1318026.
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Kaminskas, Raimundas, and Žilvinas Darulis. "Peculiarities of medical sociology: application of social theories in analyzing health and medicine." Medicina 43, no. 2 (December 23, 2006): 110. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina43020013.
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Objective. To reveal the peculiarities of medical sociology introducing the application of social theories in analyzing public health and medicine. Methods. Comparative and descriptive analysis of scientific references found and current situation. Results. During the last decade of the 20th century, the discussions about the sociology of health and medicine as separate discipline and its practical applications became more active. Main factors determined the growing importance of discipline were institutionalization of medicine and health care, changing patterns in doctor-patient relationships, different health perceptions, understanding of the influence of social factors on health, cardinal changes in the area of health technologies, consumeristic attitude towards health, appearance of market relationships within health care, and other global phenomena. In sociology, usual social theories such as structural functionalism, conflict, symbolic interaction, poststructuralism, feminist often attempt to explain the changes within health care. There is a relation of medical sociology and other types of sociology having common areas with medicine and health being analyzed in the article; social theories and their application in the field of health and medicine are being introduced attempting to explain the ongoing social changes in both Lithuania and the world. Conclusions. More and more attention in various areas of medical activities is being paid to the social aspects (both individual and society levels) of these activities, and there is a shift from applied sociology towards medical one. Despite the cessations of the development of medical sociology as separate branch of sciences, the researches of recent years are demonstrating obvious approaching modern research issues and methods, which do exist in contemporary world. Such tendencies show the prompt approaching of the academic community of Lithuania the general scientific standards which are dominating in the globalization-effected world.
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Franz, Berkeley, Daniel Skinner, Jonathan Wynn, and Kelly Kelleher. "Urban Hospitals as Anchor Institutions: Frameworks for Medical Sociology." Socius: Sociological Research for a Dynamic World 5 (January 2019): 237802311881798. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2378023118817981.
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Recent policy developments are forcing many hospitals to supplement their traditional focus on the provision of direct patient care by using mechanisms to address the social determinants of health in local communities. Sociologists have studied hospital organizations for decades, to great effect, highlighting key processes of professional socialization and external influences that shape hospital-based care. New methods are needed, however, to capture more recent changes in hospital population health initiatives in their surrounding neighborhoods. The authors describe three promising sociological frameworks for studying the changing hospital: (1) the study of professions, (2) social network analysis, and (3) community-based participatory research. The authors argue that future analyses of hospitals and health outcomes must move beyond the internal-external dichotomy to see hospitals as complex institutions that are increasingly entwined with communities and subject to changes in state regulation.
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Rochana, Totok. "The Implementation of Multicultural- Based Sociology Learning in Senior High School." Komunitas 12, no. 2 (September 3, 2020): 288–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/komunitas.v12i2.23338.
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This study examines the implementation of multicultural-based sociology learning in senior high school. The objectives of this study are: (1) To describe the sociology learning that is carried out currently; and (2) to describe the implementation of multicultural-based sociology learning. This study employed a qualitative approach to produce a description and analysis of findings. The subjects of the study were sociology teachers in Kendal Regency. The type of data collection was both in the form of quantitative data and qualitative data. The data were collected using observation and interview guidelines. Data analysis used descriptive qualitative analysis with interactive techniques. The current implementation of sociology learning is based on the learning objectives of sociology, namely to develop sociology knowledge and practice to improve students’ social skills. Based on the objectives of sociology learning, it influences the learning approaches, models, methods, media and resources, and assessment. The implementation of multicultural-based sociology learning is based on the goal of multicultural learning. The learning is addressed as an effort to develop students' ability  to view   different cultures and to be positive towards cultural, racial, and ethnic differences. Based on these learning objectives, the implementation of sociology learning differs in terms of learning approaches, models, methods, and assessments.
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Abdiraiymova, Gulmira, Sholpan Tolendi, and Edward Ko-ling Chan. "METHODS OF SOCIAL REHABILITATION OF CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS OF SEXUAL VIOLENCE." Adam alemi 89, no. 3 (September 26, 2021): 111–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.48010/2021.3/1999-5849.10.
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This article is devoted to the analysis of various forms of socio-psychological and medical work with children who have been sexually abused. The research article has been done by the collaboration with graduate student and her internal and external scientific advisers as a part of PhD thesis. In the article used modern forms of methods in sociology and social work. The analysis shows that child sexual abuse is one of the most serious and complex problems, involving a variety of inappropriate behavior, including physical and moral components. Research shows that sexually abused children can suffer physical, emotional and psychological consequences, many of which persist throughout their lives. The article describes specific areas of socio-psychological and medical work on the treatment of serious injuries in children who have been sexually abused; the classification of medical and psychological consequences of sexual violence against children was carried out and the relationship between psycho-traumatic effects was revealed. Complex methods of rehabilitation in the study of clinical and psychopathological manifestations in children are considered in detail.
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Paşca, Maria-Dorina. "The Role and Importance of Interactive Methods in Stimulating Teaching Activities with Medical Students." International conference KNOWLEDGE-BASED ORGANIZATION 30, no. 2 (June 1, 2024): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/kbo-2024-0071.
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Abstract The teacher-student relationship may represent, in certain situations, the key of achieving didactic activities. Those, if carried out during the appropriate pedagogical time (course and / or seminar) could determine the existence of a new psycho-pedagogical attitude and behavior, aiming primarily at the teaching-learning method, but also the interactive participation and co-participation of the two actors directly involved in this stimulus-creative approach. In this context, the existence of applicative exercises/play in certain disciplines in socio-human behavior (specifically-medical psychology, medical sociology, doctor-patient communication) determines but also valorizes a new educational behavior, namely, teacher-student communication and interrelation vs student-teacher. Thus, by catching the student’s attention, stimulating his / her thinking, imagination and volitional-emotional values we can make educational sequences that also enhance “freshmen” experience from year I, building up and defining the whole experience in VIth year, in most cases.
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Choura, Sabiha. "Grammatical choices of ditransitive patterns in academic articles." Text & Talk 39, no. 3 (May 27, 2019): 315–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/text-2019-2030.
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Abstract Texts are products of systemic functional choices determined by contextual factors . To analyze how the context affects writers’ lexico-grammatical choices, this paper attempts to study ditransitive patterns in the research article genre across medical science and sociology, a choice explained by the gap in the literature of genre analysis of ditransitivity. To this end, ditransitive patterns are quantified in a corpus of 245 academic articles from medical science and sociology published in 2011. The analysis shows that the object–prepositional object pattern dominates both disciplines, which can be explained by its being a compactness device enabling writers to observe the communicative functions of the research article genre. Across the two disciplines, the higher frequency of clausal patterns in sociology than medical science reveals the explicitness and persuasiveness of writers in sociology, which may be attributed to the different research methods, and the nature of knowledge accumulation in each discipline. These findings lead to the conclusion that the choices of ditransitive patterns are determined by the generic features of the research article genre and disciplinary specificities, though they are also influenced by the different research topics across disciplines and the category-selectional properties of ditransitives.
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Cooper, Brian. "Sociology in the Context of Social Psychiatry." British Journal of Psychiatry 161, no. 5 (November 1992): 594–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.161.5.594.
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As part of its concern with the environmental causes of disease, medical research tries to comprehend the nature of social processes and their implications for human health: an endeavour calling for sociological concepts and methods (Susser et al, 1985). Medical needs are mirrored within sociology, which has never been confined to study of the workings of society, but has always concerned itself also with their impact on individuals and on public health. The importance of cooperation between the two disciplines is thus indisputable. Nevertheless, interprofessional relationships have never been easy, and Pflanz's dictum, that “the history of the relationship between sociology and medicine is … mainly a history of unsuccessful encounters” (Pflanz, 1976), remains substantially true today. The difficulties have been ascribed to interdisciplinary tensions of the kind that arise when a relatively young academic profession seeks to assert its autonomy in a relationship with an older-established and more powerful one. Martin (1976), stressing the dangers that can result from mutually false expectations, invoked the analogy of a marriage in which:
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Boyko, S. L. "The problem of adherence to treatment from the standpoint of the sociology of medicine." Health and Ecology Issues, no. 3 (September 28, 2020): 95–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.51523/2708-6011.2020-17-3-14.
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Objective: to substantiate adherence to treatment as a form of social responsibility of citizens from the standpoint of the sociology of patients. Material and methods. The work uses the principles and methods of the sociology of medicine. A sociological survey of a representative sample of medical care consumers (880 people) on adherence to treatment was conducted, and a model of compliance ratio as a model for subsequent drug therapy was substantiated. Results and discussion. The performed survey has shown that every second patient learns about their rights from the mass media. Men are significantly less likely than women to follow medical prescriptions (p < 0.01). Women are significantly more likely to trust the doctor's opinion about treatment, if they disagree, they are more likely to turn to another specialist, while men are significantly more likely to simply refuse treatment and other recommendations from the attending doctor. The respondents called their own laziness and / or aversion to taking medications as the main reason for non-compliance with treatment. Conclusion. Low social responsibility of patients for compliance with the doctor's recommendations has been found. The concept «adherence to treatment» has been introduced into the problem field of the sociology of medicine.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Sociology, medical – methods"
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Griffiths, Frances Ellen. "Hormone replacement therapy : perspectives from women, medicine and sociology." Thesis, Durham University, 1997. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/5084/.
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Developed on the boundary between medicine and sociology, this thesis develops a critique of the perspectives of these disciplines through analysis of a study of women's perspectives on hormone replacement therapy. Women's perspectives are explored through a postal questionnaire survey and a study using individual interviews and focus groups. The survey results provide a measure of women’s attitudes towards, and knowledge of, hormone replacement therapy. The individual interviews detail the way women move towards a decision about the therapy and identifies common themes, particularly women's fears and what influences their fears. The focus groups explore contrasting themes including women's control and choice in decisions about therapy, contrary themes in women’s attitudes and the different ways of thinking used by the women. The results of the studies are assessed for their implications for clinical general practice. The thesis also takes a sociological perspective on women and HRT and on the research process, in particular exploring two themes. Firstly, the interaction between the social context, the research subject and the research process. This includes the social factors influencing the development of the research and choice of research methods, and the influence of the research methods on the results obtained. The second theme is the perspectives and levels of analysis used by the main disciplines contributing to the thesis; biomedicine, biostatistics, general practice and sociology. The thesis explores how the different perspectives and levels of analysis influence research and how they are used to manage the social context. These explorations are used to suggest future directions for research on hormone replacement therapy and for general practice.
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Salmonsson, Lisa. "The 'Other' Doctor : Boundary work within the Swedish medical profession." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Sociologiska institutionen, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-223490.
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This thesis is about medical doctors with immigrant backgrounds who work in Sweden. Based on 15 qualitative interviews with medical doctors with immigrant backgrounds, this thesis explores the medical doctors’ feeling of professional belonging and boundary work. This thesis focuses mainly on the doctors’ experiences of being part of the Swedish medical profession while, at the same time, being regarded as ‘different’ from their Swedish medical counterparts. It starts off with the idea that medical doctors with immigrant backgrounds may have, or could be regarded as having, contradictory social positions. By virtue of being part of the Swedish medical profession, they belong to one of the most privileged groups in Swedish society. However, due to their immigrant background these doctors do not necessarily occupy a privileged position either within their profession or in society in general. This thesis shows that doctors with immigrant backgrounds feel that they are not perceived as full-fledged doctors, which seem related to how they are somewhat ‘othered'. The results show that these doctors cope with being seen as different from doctor with non-immigrant backgrounds, by using the notion of ‘migranthood’ as a resource in negotiations in everyday work life but they also do what they can to overcome the boundaries of ‘Swedishness’. Belonging should therefore be seen as having a formal and an informal side, as getting a Swedish license does not automatically mean that you feel belonging to, in this case, the Swedish medical profession. This seems to put doctors with immigrant backgrounds in a somewhat outsider within position, which seems having to do with boundaries between who is included in the ‘us’ and in the ‘them’. Lastly, these findings indicate that sociologists need to expand the understanding of professional groups to also include boundary work within these groups. In order to do so, this thesis argues that sociological theory on professional groups could be combined with sociological theory about social positions as that is one way to understand the outsider-within position that these doctors (and presumably other skilled migrants) have to cope with.
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Joyner, Kate. "Health care for intimate partner violence : current standard of care and development of protocol management." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/2515.
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Thesis (DPhil (Sociology and Social Anthropology))--University of Stellenbosch, 2009.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The World Health Organisation recognises intimate partner violence (IPV) to be of major consequence to women’s mental and physical health, yet in South Africa it remains a neglected area of care. Within a professional action research framework, this study implemented a previously recommended South African protocol for the screening and holistic management of IPV in women in order to test its feasibility and to adapt it for use in the primary health care (PHC) sector of the Western Cape. It also aimed to identify the current nature of care offered to female survivors of IPV. Thirdly, it aimed to learn from the process of training and supporting (nurse) researchers who were new to the action research paradigm and methodology. Successfully implementing and evaluating a complex health intervention in the current PHC scenario required a flexible methodology which could enable real engagement with, and a creative response to, the issues as they emerged. Guided by the British Medical Research Council’s framework for development and evaluation of randomised controlled trials for complex health interventions (Medical Research Council, 2000, p.3), this study was positioned within the modelling phase. Professional action research used a co-operative inquiry group process as the overarching method with the usual cycles of action, observation, reflection and planning. Altogether five co-researchers were involved in implementing the protocol and were members of the inquiry group. A number of techniques were used to observe and reflect on experience, including participant interviews, key informant interviews, focus groups with health care providers at each site, quantitative data from the medical records and protocol, field notes and academic literature.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die Wêreld Gesondheidsorganisasie erken dat geweldpleging in intieme verhoudings (“intimate partner violence”, of IPV) ‘n groot impak het op vroue se geestes- en fisiese gesondheid, terwyl dit ʼn verwaarloosde area van sorg in Suid-Afrika is. Binne ‘n professionele aksie-navorsingsraamwerk, implementeer hierdie studie ‘n voorheen aanbevole Suid-Afrikaanse protokol vir die sifting en holistiese hantering van IPV by vroue om die uitvoerbaarheid daarvan te toets en om dit aan te pas vir gebruik in die primêre gesondheidsorgsektor (PGS) van die Wes-Kaap. Die projek poog ook om die huidige aard van sorg wat aan vroulike oorlewendes van IPV beskikbaar is, te identifiseer. Derdens het dit ook ten doel om te leer van die proses van opleiding en ondersteuning van (verpleeg-) navorsers vir wie die aksie-navorsingsparadigma en methodologie nuut was. Suksesvolle implementering en evaluering van ‘n komplekse gesondheidsintervensie in die huidige PGS scenario vereis ‘n buigsame methodologie wat betrokkenheid met, en ‘n kreatiewe respons tot, kwessies soos wat dit ontwikkel, moontlik maak. Gelei deur die Britse Mediese Navorsingsraad se raamwerk vir die ontwikkeling en evaluering van ewekansige gekontroleerde proewe vir komplekse gesondheidsintervensies (Mediese Navorsingsraad, 2000, bl.3), was hierdie studie binne die modelleringsfase geposisioneer. Professionele aksienavorsing het ‘n gekoördineerde ondersoekgroep as die oorkoepelende metode - met die normale siklusse van aksie, waarneming, reflektering en beplanning - gebruik. Altesaam vyf mede-navorsers wat lede van die ondersoekgroep was, was betrokke in die implementering van die protokol. ‘n Aantal tegnieke is gebruik om waar te neem en te reflekteer op ervarings, insluitend deelnemersonderhoude, sleutel-informant onderhoude, fokusgroepe met gesondheidsorgverskaffers by elke fasiliteit, kwantitatiewe data van die mediese verslae en protokol, veldnotas en akademiese literatuur.
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Waszkiewicz, Elroi. "Getting by Gatekeepers: Transmen's Dialectical Negotiations within Psychomedical Institutions." unrestricted, 2006. http://etd.gsu.edu/theses/available/etd-11182006-151959/.
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Thesis (M.A.)--Georgia State University, 2006.1 electronic text (218 p.) : digital, PDF file. Title from title screen. Mindy Stombler, committee chair; Elisabeth O. Burgess, Wendy Simonds, committee members. Description based on contents viewed Apr. 5, 2007. Includes bibliographical references (p. 207-218).
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Grossman, Brian R. "Mandating home and community-based services (HCBS): A situational analysis of the failures (and successes) of Medicaid community-based attendant services and supports legislation." Diss., Search in ProQuest Dissertations & Theses. UC Only, 2009. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3352472.
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Tabassum, N. "GENDER IN MEDICAL CAREERS." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/366992.
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Gender in Medical Careers: Role of Gender in Stereotypes and Research in Doctors’ Professional Lives
Gender relations constitute an important aspect of the contemporary labour market. With rising numbers of women in the work force, they have had to negotiate their gendered identities in the career advancement of their work lives. This thesis seeks to explore the role of gender in medical careers by looking at its impact in two dimensions; on the formation and perpetuation of gender-based stereotypes, and on the role of gender in research activity and scientific productivity. A mixed method approach, employing both qualitative and quantitative research methods, has been used to study the research objectives.
Gender inequality in the form of exclusionary processes and marginalisation mechanisms exist in all the medical specialisations in the composition and decision-making of research teams or collaborations and its subsequent consequences on research activity and scientific productivity. The formation of a research team, research collaboration, marginalisation of women from research groups, restriction of women from performing important research tasks or presence of informal ‘men’s club’ where men support each other’s interests are the invisible exclusionary processes and mechanisms which affect research activity and scientific productivity of male and female doctors. Significant gender differences also exist when it comes to first-authored publications. Additionally, a complex inter-relationship of these outlined issues with a doctor’s job position, specialisation and age can have implications on the scientific productivity of a medical doctor.
Gender roles and gender stereotypes are prevalent in the medical profession where conflicting roles can create tension between hospital personnel. Gender roles are differentiated for men and women in some aspects whereas in other aspects, significant differences between men and women were observed. Gender stereotypes are deeply embedded in a person’s mind-set and many actions, and even the very speech of doctors, show that sexist attitudes have been internalised by doctors and nurses. Female doctors consider themselves ‘lucky’ and rarely credit their own hard work for their successes or achievements. Female doctors try to ‘become like men’ in order to be successful in their careers. It is interesting that understanding and compassion, which are seen as traditionally feminine traits or ‘communal’ traits, are displayed by both men and women and not by women alone in the medical profession. Decisiveness and assertiveness, traditionally ‘masculine’ traits, are displayed more by men than women for low to medium levels of the traits. However, women exhibiting ‘masculine’ traits such as ambitiousness or aggressiveness may be judged harshly. It is not just gender, but a cross-section of age and gender too that affects stereotypes and relationships between doctors, in the doctor-nurse or doctor-patient relationship in the hospital work space.
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Ott, Kenneth Brad. "The Closure of New Orleans' Charity Hospital After Hurricane Katrina: A Case of Disaster Capitalism." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2012. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/1472.
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Amidst the worst disaster to impact a major U.S. city in one hundred years, New Orleans’ main trauma and safety net medical center, the Reverend Avery C. Alexander Charity Hospital, was permanently closed. Charity’s administrative operator, Louisiana State University (LSU), ordered an end to its attempted reopening by its workers and U.S. military personnel in the weeks following the August 29, 2005 storm. Drawing upon rigorous review of literature and an exhaustive analysis of primary and secondary data, this case study found that Charity Hospital was closed as a result of disaster capitalism. LSU, backed by Louisiana state officials, took advantage of the mass internal displacement of New Orleans’ populace in the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina in an attempt to abandon Charity Hospital’s iconic but neglected facility and to supplant its original safety net mission serving the poor and uninsured for its neoliberal transformation to favor LSU’s academic medical enterprise.
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Gómez-Sánchez, Alicia-Fátima. "Propuesta metodológica de sistematización de vigilancia científico‐tecnológica en el ámbito de la biomedicina. Aplicación y estudio de casos prácticos en la Fundación CNIC." Thesis, 2012. http://eprints.rclis.org/22564/1/TFM_afgomez_Jul_2012.pdf.
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This Master's Thesis presents a study of technological surveillance within the framework of the research organizations in the field of biotechnology, concretely within the National Center for Cardiovascular Research (CNIC) Foundation.
The main objective is to show the importance of information specialists in development of surveillance processes, based on the fact that information is the key element to starting any surveillance study. In addition, we will develop a methodological proposal and will study sources and resources of interest for this type of work.
Regarding the methodology, it’s a descriptive work, based on two main axes: one theoretical, which collects and reviews studies carried out on the subject of scientific and technological surveillance, and other practical, focused on the development and implementation of a methodology that serves the concrete needs and characteristics of the CNIC Foundation.
Throughout this study we developed a methodology for a system of science and technology watch in this institution, describing the phases, as well as resources and databases that we consider most relevant from the Information’s Science point of view. Then we apply this proposal to some case studies carried out in recent months in the center and present some results. This is also an example of the collaboration between the Technology Transfer Unit and the Library and Information Service.
Finally, the main conclusion we highlight is that a technology watch and competitive intelligence system is a process that must be performed by a multidisciplinary and diverse group of professional, where the collaboration of the Information specialist is essential.
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SALLUSTI, SIMONE. "Under 30 e accesso all'informazione politica nel sistema mediale ibrido: motivazioni, percorsi, aspettative." Doctoral thesis, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11573/1528873.
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Il ruolo sempre più dirompente assunto da Internet nella vita quotidiana degli individui ha comportato la moltiplicazione delle esperienze comunicative, e l’occasione per gli utenti, a partire dalla diffusione dei dispositivi mobili Internet enabled, di sperimentare la possibilità di accedere ai contenuti mediali secondo coordinate spazio-temporali gestite in maniera autonoma e personale. Tra le conseguenze di questo scenario, si registra una dilatazione del sistema dell’informazione: da un lato, l’adattamento dei tradizionali player dell’informazione all’interno del mutato ecosistema mediale; dall’altro, l’ascesa di nuovi soggetti nativi digitali che contribuiscono a rendere il mercato giornalistico sempre più complesso e competitivo. Parallelamente, in questo contesto, il circuito dell’informazione veicolata dai media mainstream continua a ricoprire un ruolo chiave nell’agenda, in particolar modo politica e con specifico riferimento ai periodi di tempo coincidenti con le tornate elettorali. A partire dal decennio scorso si è assistito, quindi, a una esplosione dell’offerta e della domanda di informazione che ha inciso profondamente sulle dinamiche che animano gli ambienti dei media tradizionali e di quelli digitali. Nel contesto del sistema mediale ibrido descritto da Chadwick, non a caso in riferimento all’interconnessione sempre più stretta dei domini dell’informazione e della politica, le fonti informative sono caratterizzate da un rapporto di complementarità: secondo quanto proposto da Mazzoli attraverso la metafora di patchwork mediale, l’accesso alle news avviene secondo coordinate personali che si snodano attraverso risorse a disposizione, motivazioni, interessi contestuali.
Sulla base di queste considerazioni, si è deciso di analizzare l’accesso a un genere specifico dell’informazione, ovvero quello politico, da parte del segmento di popolazione under 30. Le motivazioni sottostanti la scelta dell’informazione politica affondano, da un lato, nel riferimento alla letteratura scientifica dei communication studies, in cui la politica sembra occupare un posto rilevante sia nell’agenda dei media sia nelle dinamiche che attraversano la vita quotidiana, entrando così di diritto nell’agenda dei cittadini-elettori (Bentivegna, 1994). Dall’altro, nel riferimento allo scenario che fa da sfondo al contesto storico attuale, chiamando in causa sia il panorama politico italiano del biennio 2018-2020, che risulta denso di avvenimenti e con un ruolo considerevole nel dibattito pubblico, sia l’impatto che la pandemia da Covid-19 ha esercitato sui vari settori della sfera pubblica e privata, richiedendo delle misure speciali da parte delle istituzioni politiche nella gestione della crisi. La scelta di indagare la fascia giovanile di popolazione compresa tra i 18 e i 29 anni, che sviluppa una dieta informativa variegata, ibrida, pienamente aperta a tutte le esperienze informative offline e online, è invece frutto di una revisione sistematica sul consumo di informazione in Italia dagli inizi del XXI Secolo, effettuata attraverso l’analisi longitudinale dei Rapporti sulla Comunicazione Censis, dei vari rapporti sul consumo di informazione curati dall’Autorità per le Garanzie nelle Comunicazioni nell’ambito delle attività del Servizio Economico-Statistico, e degli studi comparativi in ottica internazionale del Digital News Report (Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism).
Per rispondere alle complesse domande di ricerca, ovvero le strategie di accesso all’informazione politica da parte di un segmento preciso di popolazione attraverso la rilevazione delle abitudini informative, cui si aggiunge l’interesse allo studio delle motivazioni e dei percorsi che guidano la selezione delle fonti, si è scelto di organizzare il disegno di ricerca intorno all’integrazione tra approcci quantitativi e qualitativi, in linea con gli assunti della mixed methods research, in modo da giungere a dei risultati maggiormente profondi e arricchiti dai punti di forza di entrambi gli approcci. Nello specifico, si è proceduto, da una parte, con la somministrazione di un questionario online, diffuso su larga scala attraverso il social network site Facebook nei mesi aprile e maggio 2020, che ha restituito 881 risposte; dall’altra, con la realizzazione di 30 interviste semi-strutturate, effettuate nei mesi di luglio e agosto 2020 a coloro che nel questionario hanno dato la disponibilità ad essere intervistati. In particolare, attraverso il questionario, che garantisce la comparabilità delle risposte, sono state prodotte analisi statistiche di tipo quantitativo con l’obiettivo di giungere a una descrizione dei comportamenti
informativi, in relazione al consumo di news politiche, da parte dei membri del campione. Inoltre, la scelta di diffondere il questionario tramite Facebook è dipesa dal primato che questa piattaforma riveste per quanto riguarda l’accesso all’informazione online, come certificato dai dati in letteratura, soprattutto per la fascia di popolazione oggetto della presente indagine. Nella successiva fase di ricerca, attraverso le interviste, che pongono l’attenzione sulla ricostruzione esperienziale dei soggetti coinvolti, si è cercato di approfondire in maniera dettagliata i risultati ottenuti dal questionario, con l’obiettivo di fare luce su aspetti difficilmente rilevabili, che come anticipato poco sopra, fanno riferimento alle motivazioni che guidano l’utilizzo delle fonti di informazione, alle aspettative che accompagnano la fruizione, al ruolo del contesto sociale e delle dinamiche relazionali che contribuiscono alla selezione delle fonti, agli aspetti personali e ai significati attribuiti alle diverse esperienze informative.
Dallo studio emergono alcuni spunti interessanti, non interamente in linea con i risultati più diffusi della letteratura di riferimento. In primo luogo, si registra una significativa centralità dei quotidiani come fonte di informazione politica nell’ambito del circuito della comunicazione mainstream, grazie alla vocazione all’approfondimento della notizia presentata secondo chiavi di lettura privilegiate. Inoltre, sembra acquisire forza la figura del giornalista, chiamato a presentare il framework entro cui interpretare lo scenario politico.
Infine, a differenza delle ricerche sul consumo di informazione che individuano il primato delle fonti algoritmiche, dai dati della presente ricerca emerge come, negli ambienti dell’informazione online, le fonti editoriali, ovvero i siti di informazione gestiti da player tradizionali o nativi digitali, rivestano una indiscussa leadership, in virtù della presenza della redazione giornalistica che garantisce una cura dettagliata nella trattazione dell’informazione all’interno di uno scenario caratterizzato dall’information overload.
Books on the topic "Sociology, medical – methods"
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Piątkowski, Włodzimierz. Beyond medicine: Non-medical methods of treatment in Poland. Frankfurt am Main: Peter Lang, 2012.
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Armstrong, Natalie, and Helen Eborall. The sociology of medical screening: Critical perspectives, new directions. 2nd ed. Chichester, West Sussex, U.K: Wiley-Blackwell, 2013.
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CASM Seminar (2nd 1997 Charlottesville, Va.). A new agenda for interdisciplinary survey research methods: Proceedings of the CASM II Seminar. Hyattsville, Md: U.S. Dept. of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Health Statistics, 1999.
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Good, Byron. A reader in medical anthropology: Theoretical trajectories, emergent realities. Chichester, West Sussex, UK: Wiley-Blackwell, 2010.
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Good, Byron. A reader in medical anthropology: Theoretical trajectories, emergent realities. Chichester, West Sussex, UK: Wiley-Blackwell, 2010.
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Weitz, Rose. The sociology of health, illness, and health care: A critical approach. Belmont: Wadsworth Pub. Co, 1996.
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International Conference on Social Work in Health and Mental Health Care (3rd 2001 Tampere, Finland). Social work visions from around the globe: Citizens, methods, and approaches. Edited by Metteri Anna. Binghamton, NY: Haworth Social Work Practice Press, 2004.
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The cult and science of health: A sociology of public health. New York: Berghahn Books, 2012.
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Bad Orber Gespräche (3rd 1998). Szenarien im Gesundheitswesen. Frankfurt am Main: Peter Lang, 1999.
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Byron, Good, ed. Anthropology of medicine: A reader. Malden, Mass: Wiley-Blackwell, 2010.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Sociology, medical – methods"
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Catalano, Chiara, Salvatore Pasta, and Riccardo Guarino. "A Plant Sociological Procedure for the Ecological Design and Enhancement of Urban Green Infrastructure." In Future City, 31–60. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-75929-2_3.
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AbstractUrban green infrastructure could represent an important mean for environmental mitigation, if designed according to the principles of restoration ecology. Moreover, if suitably executed, managed and sized, they may be assimilated to meta-populations of natural habitats, deserving to be included in the biodiversity monitoring networks. In this chapter, we combined automatised and expert opinion-based procedures in order to select the vascular plant assemblages to populate different microhabitats (differing in terms of light and moisture) co-occurring on an existing green roof in Zurich (Switzerland). Our results lead to identify three main plant species groups, which prove to be the most suitable for the target roof. These guilds belong to mesoxeric perennial grasslands (Festuco-Brometea), nitrophilous ephemeral communities (Stellarietea mediae) and drought-tolerant pioneer species linked to nutrient-poor soils (Koelerio-Corynephoretea). Some ruderal and stress-tolerant species referred to the class Artemisietea vulgaris appear to fit well with local roof characteristics, too. Inspired by plant sociology, this method also considers conservation issues, analysing whether the plants selected through our procedure were characteristic of habitats of conservation interest according to Swiss and European laws and directives. Selecting plant species with different life cycles and life traits may lead to higher plant species richness, which in turn may improve the functional complexity and the ecosystem services provided by green roofs and green infrastructure in general.
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Obuaku-Igwe, Chinwe. "Medical Sociology and Storytelling in a Decolonial Context." In Handbook of Research on Contemporary Storytelling Methods Across New Media and Disciplines, 342–63. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-6605-3.ch018.
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The use of photovoice for storytelling and as a critical pedagogical tool is still exploratory. Despite calls to rethink, re-imagine, and rework curriculums, many challenges remain in designing assessments that utilize creative storytelling formats that demonstrate an awareness of the social context, history, and lived realities of students. This chapter addresses the outcomes of a classroom-based study that explored whether a photovoice essay, used in a medical sociology undergraduate assessment, facilitated a critical analysis of the social determinants of health by students, and oriented them towards taking action. Existing research on critical pedagogy tends to focus on investigating the feasibility or extent of dialogical exploration of societal hegemonies, and prospects of future transformations between teachers and students in the classroom. This chapter provides an overview of how photovoice and reflective writing are used to create new stories by students in a South African university and how it can be supported.
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Bloom, Samuel W. "Regional and Intellectual Influences." In The Word as Scalpel, 83–108. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195072327.003.0006.
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Abstract After dominating American sociology for the first third of the century, the University of Chicago yielded to the East Coast Ivy League Universities of Harvard and Columbia as the center of influence.’ Included was a change of focus from the field centered study of Chicago as an urban laboratory to European-based theory. The strength of the Midwestern research preference for positivism and data-based methods was by no means lost, but the paradigms of structural-functionalism and Marxist dialectical materialism now found distinctive American interpretations, heightened by the deep economic depression of the thirties and the events that anticipated the oncoming European war. At the same time and in similar ways, medical sociology groped for a distinctive voice. However, it was still too early for a collective, institutionalized identity. Medical sociology was represented by several outstanding individual scholars who, through theoretical and historical writing, placed their stamp on the work of the next generation. Their contributions were close in pattern to the parent field but found in the study of medical problems a rich empirical base. The history of medical sociology in this important formative stage, because it is so much the product of a small group of outstanding individuals, can be told through their biographies.
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Machado, Joana, Isabel Araújo, António Almeida-Dias, Jorge Ribeiro, Henrique Vicente, and José Neves. "A Psychometrics Approach to Entropy." In Advances in Medical Technologies and Clinical Practice, 177–91. IGI Global, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-9172-7.ch007.
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Today's metrics for women housework work (WHW) operate at a quantitative level, specifically measuring time expended on a task and the totality of tasks women perform, not considering that it is a process that is eminently qualitative in nature. To fill this gap, an innovative framework for representing and thinking about big data or knowledge is presented, borrowing from the field of artificial intelligence the methods and methodologies for problem solving, from logic programming the artifacts to improve practice through theory, and from the laws of thermodynamics the construct of entropy, interpreted as the degree of disorder or unpredictability in a system, a principle that may be used to understand system evolution. Last but not least, it also considers the relationship among the disciplines of psychometrics and psychology or sociology (i.e., how certain psychological and sociological concepts such as cognition, knowledge and personality affect WHW satisfaction).
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Nica, Elvira, Ana-Maria Iulia Şanta, Katarina Valaskova, and Maria Gabriela Horga. "Burnout." In Research Anthology on Changing Dynamics of Diversity and Safety in the Workforce, 53–65. IGI Global, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-2405-6.ch004.
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The present paper deals with burnout as a challenge of our modern business world, given the phenomenon of heavy work investment in our society. The present article is emphasizing the strong connection between business, psychology, and medicine when dealing with people working in a modern, international business environment. The research methods are multi-disciplinary, combining elements of business, corporate culture, psychology, and even medical issues that are relevant in this context. The research methods used in the present paper are qualitative methods, metadata, and interviews (the questionnaire as a qualitative method) completed by the assessment of data and by proposing appropriate indicators ensuring the monitoring of burnout tendencies in companies. The paper proposes an interdisciplinary approach, bringing together aspects of business and economics, psychology, life sciences, sociology, ethical issues, and cultural issues related to work. A tool for detecting burnout is analyzed. The research results can be relevant for managers and human resources departments.
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Prasad, Purendra. "Introduction: Health Inequities in India—The Larger Dimensions." In Equity and Access, 1–22. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199482160.003.0001.
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This chapter provides a narrative that explains the politics of access (distribution, utilization, outcomes) as well as the context in which health inequalities are produced in India. While fields such as medical sociology, medical anthropology, health economics, community health, social medicine, epidemiology, and public health, among others, with their own theories, methods, and approaches are able to contribute distinctive dimensions, it becomes essential to engage across the boundaries in a collective manner to understand the complexity of health care that is increasingly shaped by the global market forces and ideologies. This volume thus opens up the possibility of constructing a new paradigm for understanding health sector as well as signalling a new field ‘health care studies’.
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Bashkueva, Elena Yurievna. "Application of sociological methods in the assessment of management of quality and safety of medical activity (on the materials of the Republic of Buryatia)." In Sociology and Society: Traditions and Innovations in the Social Development of Regions, 2537–42. Russian Society Of Sociologists of FCTAS RAS, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.19181/kongress.2020.306.
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Thompson, Paul, Ken Plummer, and Neli Demireva. "Organising: creating research worlds." In Pioneering Social Research, 79–110. Policy Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781447333524.003.0004.
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This chapter looks at how social research gradually became organized through the work of our pioneers. It starts by looking at the growth of both universities and academic disciplines (like anthropology and sociology) as key backgrounds for understanding the growth of organized research. A major section discusses a range of early research agencies — the Colonial Research Council, Political and Economic Planning (PEP), the Institute of Community Studies, the CSO (Central Statistical Office), the SSRC, Social Science Research Council, and the UK Data Archive. Some new university-based centres are also considered: medical social science at Aberdeen, methods at Surrey and the BCCS (Birmingham Centre for Contemporary Cultural Studies). There are brief discussions of the Banbury Study with Meg Stacey and Colin Bell; and the Affluent Worker study. The chapter closes with some pioneering work on quantitative research, longitudinal studies and the rise of computing.
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Kallivayalil, Roy Abraham, Marianne Kastrup, Rama Rao Gogineni, Vincenzo Di Nicola, and Shridhar Sharma. "History of Social Psychiatry and Historical Aspects of the World Association of Social Psychiatry." In The WASP Textbook on Social Psychiatry, edited by Rama Rao Gogineni, Andres J. Pumariega, Roy A. Kallivayalil, Marianne Kastrup, and Eugenio M. Rothe, 9—C2P145. Oxford University PressNew York, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780197521359.003.0002.
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Abstract Social psychiatry is a discipline that focuses on the social dimension of mental health, mental illness, and mental healthcare. Social psychiatry uses the concepts and methods of the social sciences, including psychology, sociology, and anthropology. In 1903 the term “social” was first linked to psychiatry. In 1911 psychiatric care outside the asylums was advocated. Dr. E. E. Southard of Harvard Medical School, in 1922, taught “social psychiatry,” which he termed “an art now during development by which the psychiatrist deals with social problems.” The First and Second World Wars advanced psychiatry, including social psychiatry. The tumultuous 1960s bought a myriad of advances, including family therapy, community psychiatry, and the biopsychosocial model. The World Association of Social Psychiatry (WASP) was founded in 1964 by Joshua Bierer of the United Kingdom. In 1976, the World Congress of Social Psychiatry was held for the first time in Opatija, Croatia. In 2001, the World Association of Social Psychiatry (WASP) was officially launched. WASP had a phenomenal growth, especially during the past decade. Currently WASP has 27 member societies representing all the continents. It is the beacon of promoting social psychiatry in etiology and the treatment of human wellness, and the prevention and treatment of mental suffering.
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Costa, Rosalina Pisco. "“All the World's a Stage” and Sociologists Its Storytellers." In Handbook of Research on Contemporary Storytelling Methods Across New Media and Disciplines, 1–16. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-6605-3.ch001.
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Sociologists have become “storytellers.” This chapter aims to explore the importance of writing in the ways of telling about society. Departing from two iconic books – The Sociological Imagination (Mills, 1959) and Storytelling Sociology (Berger and Quinney, 2004), issues related to “words,” “voice,” and “audience” emerge as key elements of the story writing/storytelling sociology craft's toolbox. At present, the pressures imposed by fast science and writing in highly competitive teaching and research environments, the growing technological development applied to research, and the expansion of hyper and social media represent new challenges for storytelling sociology. At the end, the chapter argues for the enduring importance of writing in the ways of telling about society, while recognizing the value of time in research: time to listen, write, and tell.
Conference papers on the topic "Sociology, medical – methods"
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Senchenko, Kateryna. "Socio-psychological adaptation of externally displaced Ukrainians in Germany." In Sociology – Social Work and Social Welfare: Regulation of Social Problems. Видавець ФОП Марченко Т.В., 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/sosrsw2023.194.
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Background: The problem of social and psychological adaptation of externally displaced Ukrainians is extremely urgent today, as millions of citizens were forced to leave Ukraine as a result of the full-scale invasion. Given the differences in language, culture, religion, and administrative structure of the host countries, the problem of adaptation has become extremely acute for many. Without proper support and resources to help them integrate into their new communities, internally displaced persons may deal with a variety of challenges, including isolation, discrimination, and mental health issues such as anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder. This can make it difficult for them to rebuild their lives and achieve a sense of security and stability. Purpose: To identify the conditions that influence the successful psychosocial adaptation of externally displaced Ukrainians. Methods: The theoretical method was aimed at studying scientific papers and articles on the topic of social and psychological adaptation. An empirical method was also used, which included the Methodology for Diagnosing Socio-Psychological Adaptation by K. Rogers and R. Diamond and a questionnaire of our own design aimed at studying the difficulties and problems faced by people in the new social environment. Results: In general, most of the respondents have average levels of indicators according to the Rogers and Diamond methodology for diagnosing social and psychological adaptation, but a low level of social adaptation, emotional comfort and striving to dominate was also found in some of the respondents. The analysis of our own questionnaire showed that the process of adaptation of externally displaced Ukrainians is influenced by such factors as language skills, access to medical services, government support, education and employment, and social and cultural environment. Conclusions: The results of the study revealed that although most of the respondents have average adaptation indicators, externally displaced Ukrainians experience a range of problems and need support and additional measures. Keywords: adaptation, social and psychological adaptation, externally displaced Ukrainians, integration, social environment
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Kuziuk, Marjana. "Mechanizms and ways to institutionalize social policy in the field of social welfare of children deprived of parental care." In Sociology – Social Work and Social Welfare: Regulation of Social Problems. Видавець ФОП Марченко Т.В., 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/sosrsw2023.169.
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Background: Institutionalization of social policy in the field of social welfare of children deprived of parental care is a very urgent problem in the modern world. According to UNICEF, more than 140 million children in the world need social protection, including children deprived of parental care. Institutionalization of social policy in the field of social security for children deprived of parental care means the creation and development of a state support system that provides children with the necessary housing, food, medical care, education and psychological support. Institutionalizing social policy is essential to ensure children have the resources and support they need to develop and live fulfilling lives. Purpose: Identifying ways and tools that can ensure the effective institutionalization of social policy in the field of social welfare of children deprived of parental care, and providing them with appropriate conditions for the development and exercise of their rights to a full life. Methods: The theoretical research method consisted in the analysis of documents used to study the works of scientists regarding the study of the processes of institutionalization of social policy in the field of social security. Results: The study showed that the institutionalization of social policy is a key element of creating an effective system of social protection, which provides children deprived of parental care with the necessary conditions for full development and exit from difficult life situations. The study indicates that an important component of the institutionalization of social policy is the creation of an effective system of management and coordination of work between various state authorities and public organizations that provide social protection for children deprived of parental care. Conclusion: It is also worth noting that for the Ukrainian social security system in the context of the institutionalization process, the issue of implementing social control, that is, public control in this area, is relevant and acute. In our opinion, the inclusion of public control is one of the ways to improve the activities of social institutions in the field of social protection of children deprived of parental care. Keywords: institutionalization, social policy, social security, social protection, social orphans, children, deprived of parental care.
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Sasovets, Violeta. "International experience of social protection of persons affected by radiation exposure." In Sociology – Social Work and Social Welfare: Regulation of Social Problems. Видавець ФОП Марченко Т.В., 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/sosrsw2023.191.
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Background: The study of the international experience of social protection of persons affected by radiation exposure is important for the development of social policy and ensuring the protection of the rights of this category of people. Unfortunately, radiation exposure can cause serious illnesses and health damage, and the restoration of health and social rehabilitation of such people requires significant efforts and resources. In this context, the study of international experience can help identify best practices and approaches to social protection of victims of radiation exposure in different countries. In addition, such research can contribute to increasing attention to the problem of radiation protection and protection of the rights of victims of radiation exposure at the international level and attracting additional resources for their social protection. Purpose: Аnalysis of information on how different countries of the world provide social protection for persons affected by radiation exposure. The study is aimed at identifying best practices and opportunities for improving social protection for this category of people in countries where this issue needs to be addressed. Methods: The theoretical research method consisted in the analysis of documents used to study works on international programs of social protection affected by radiation exposure. For a better understanding of the problem, an empirical method was used, namely, a study was conducted on the analysis of the effectiveness of social policy measures - "State social guarantees in the social security of victims of the consequences of radiation exposure." Results: Comprehensive social protection programs for radiation victims are an important element in ensuring the safety and well-being of the population affected by radiation. The development and implementation of such programs aims to provide adequate medical, financial and social support for victims and their families, which helps to improve their quality of life and social integration. International experience shows that countries that develop and implement such programs provide effective support to victims and reduce the impact of radiation on their health and social life. Conclusion: In general, the international experience of social protection of persons affected by radiation exposure emphasizes the importance of addressing the long-term consequences of radiation exposure and ensuring that victims receive the necessary support and resources to rebuild their lives. To ensure effective social protection, it is necessary to coordinate the efforts of international and national bodies, develop and implement effective strategies and measures to ensure social protection, and pay due attention to informing the population about radiation risks and measures to prevent them. Keywords: social protection, social security, social program, radiation exposure.
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Pavel, Anamaria. "IT&C IN TEACHING ENGLISH FOR POLITICAL SCIENCE." In eLSE 2017. Carol I National Defence University Publishing House, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.12753/2066-026x-17-030.
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The field of English for Specific Purposes (ESP) is relatively new. While Legalese and English for Business become early on clearly distinctive parts of English for Specific Purposes due to the quite numerous implied professional categories using it, Technical and Medical English follow right after. Once English turned into the new lingua franca for diplomacy, English for Political Science distinguishes itself as an obvious branch of study for non-native learners of English with vested interests in the domains of political science, international relations, sociology, psychology, and not only. In Romania, teaching English for Political Science could be considered an innovation, since it was recently developed. Using IT&C while implementing a whole new set of vocabulary is both challenging and beneficial for professionals in the field. New generations of students and young practitioners are tuned to new technology and ground-breaking devices, expecting nevertheless to use gadgets and virtual tools while accessing new information and knowledge in the process of learning. It is only natural to adapt to such a wonderful and revolutionary century and dare to be creative, innovative, and constantly renew your teaching methods to boost the learning environment. Blending IT&C in the process of acquiring a language facilitates modern teaching techniques, "flips" the classroom and builds interest in your audience. The present paper describes a way in which blended learning, flipped classroom and Controlled Linguistic Immersion increase overall class proficiency, boost performance and trigger long term specialized language acquisition processes. We attempt to pull together the English for Political Science and the new technology in an accessible and friendly way.
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Petrović, Dragana. "TRANSPLANTACIJA ORGANA." In XVII majsko savetovanje. Pravni fakultet Univerziteta u Kragujevcu, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/uvp21.587p.
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Even the mere mention of "transplantation of human body parts" is reason enough to deal with this topic for who knows how many times. Quite simply, we need to discuss the topics discussed from time to time !? Let's get down to explaining some of the "hot" life issues that arise in connection with them. To, perhaps, determine ourselves in a different way according to the existing solutions ... to understand what a strong dynamic has gripped the world we live in, colored our attitudes with a different color, influenced our thoughts about life, its values, altruism, selflessness, charities. the desire to give up something special without thinking that we will get something in return. Transplantation of human organs and tissues for therapeutic purposes has been practiced since the middle of the last century. She started (of course, in a very primitive way) even in ancient India (even today one method of transplantation is called the "Indian method"), over the 16th century (1551). when the first free transplantation of a part of the nose was performed in Italy, in order to develop it into an irreplaceable medical procedure in order to save and prolong human life. Thousands of pages of professional literature, notes, polemical discussions, atypical medical articles, notes on the margins of read journals or books from philosophy, sociology, criminal literature ... about events of this kind, the representatives of the church also took their position. Understanding our view on this complex and very complicated issue requires that more attention be paid to certain solutions on the international scene, especially where there are certain permeations (some agreement but also differences). It's always good to hear a second opinion, because it puts you to think. That is why, in the considerations that follow, we have tried (somewhat more broadly) to answer some of the many and varied questions in which these touch, but often diverge, both from the point of view of the right regulations and from the point of view of medical and judicial practice. times from the perspective of some EU member states (Germany, Poland, presenting the position of the Catholic Church) on the one hand, and in the perspective of other moral, spiritual, cultural and other values - India and Iraq, on the other.
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Mokiy, Vladimir, and Tatiana Lukyanova. "Modern Transdisciplinarity: Results of the Development of the Prime Cause and Initial Ideas." In InSITE 2022: Informing Science + IT Education Conferences InSITE 2022. Informing Science Institute, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/4931.
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Aim/Purpose This paper focuses on systematizing and rethinking the conformity of modern transdisciplinarity with its prime cause and initial ideas. Background The difficulties of implementing transdisciplinarity into science and education are connected with the fact that its generally accepted definition, identification characteristics, and methodological features are still missing. In or-der to eliminate these disadvantages of transdisciplinarity, its prime cause and initial ideas had to be detected. It is also important to analyze the correspondence of the existing opinions about transdisciplinarity with the content of these cause and ideas. Methodology The qualitative analysis of the literature reviews on the subject of transdisciplinary was used in order to determine the correspondence of the opinions about the transdisciplinarity with the meaning of its prime cause and initial ideas. These opinions had to be generalized as well. Through this method, it was possible to detect and classify opinions into 11 groups including 39 stereotypes of transdisciplinarity. For substantiation of transdisciplinary approaches that are consistent with the approaches of contemporary science, C.F. Gauss random variables normal distribution was used. The “Gauss curve” helped to show the place of transdisciplinary and systems transdisciplinary approaches in the structure of academic and systems approaches. The “Gauss curve” also demonstrated the step-by-step “broadening of the scientific worldview horizon due to sequential intensification of synthesis, integration, unification, and generalization of the disciplinary knowledge.” Contribution After reconsideration of the results on qualitative analysis of the literature reviews, the generalized definition of transdisciplinarity could be formulated, including the definition for transdisciplinary and systems transdisciplinary approaches. It was proven that transdisciplinarity is a natural stage for the development of contemporary science and education, and the transdisciplinary approaches were able to suggest the methods and tools to solve the complex and poorly structured problems of science and the society. Findings Many existing stereotypes of transdisciplinarity do not meet its prime cause and initial ideas. Such stereotypes do not have deep philosophic and theoretical substantiation. They also do not suggest the transdisciplinary methods and tools. Thus, the authors of such stereotypes often claim them to be transdisciplinary or suggest perceiving them as transdisciplinarity. This circumstance is the reason why many disciplinary scientists, practitioners, and initiators of higher education view transdisciplinarity as a marginal direction of contemporary science. Based on the generalized definition of transdisciplinarity, as well as its prime cause and initial ideas, it was shown that transdisciplinarity is presented in contemporary science in the form of two different approaches, i.e., the transdisciplinary approach and systems transdisciplinary approach. The objective of the transdisciplinary approach is to ensure science development at the stage of synthesis and integration of disciplinary knowledge, while the objective of the systems transdisciplinary approach is to ensure that the problems of modern society are solved through unification and generalization of the disciplinary knowledge. Recommendations for Practitioners The practitioners should take into consideration that the transdisciplinary and systems transdisciplinary approaches have different specific features. Within the limits of the transdisciplinary approach, a team of disciplinary specialists forms a new method to solve each new problem every time. As a result, the solution of the problem is created based on the consensus formed by compromises. Such a solution is difficult to be risk analyzed. Within the limits of the systems transdisciplinary approach, a team of disciplinary specialists uses a universal systems transdisciplinary methodology to solve each problem. In this case, the disciplinary specialists do not seek compromises, but perform their part of research using the disciplinary methods and tools. The disciplinary results are unified and generalized by the generalist specialist, who has a methodology of the systems transdisciplinary approach. Thus, the solution of the problem should be subject to risk analysis since it is included into the basic research process. Recommendations for Researchers The researchers should consider that within the limits of the transdisciplinary approach, the disciplinary specialists are managed. Within the limits of the systems transdisciplinary approach, the disciplinary knowledge is managed. Thus, the transdisciplinary approach is efficient for organization and research with participation of the scientists of the complementary disciplines. An example of such research can be a team of researchers of medical disciplines and complementary disciplines from chemistry, physics, and engineering. The systems transdisciplinary approach is efficient for organization and performance of research with participation of the scientists of non-complementary disciplines such as economics, physics, meteorology, chemistry, ecology, geology, and sociology. Impact on Society The prime cause of transdisciplinarity is associated with a desire of economists, politicians, and managers to find a method of efficient long-range forecasting, planning, and control of social and economic development of the modern society, as well as the search for the solution to current problems accompanying this development. The transdisciplinary approaches formed the methods and tools to solve these tasks. Although society could use the advantages of the transdisciplinary approaches, it is necessary to ensure that in the consciousness of the disciplinary specialists, “the desire to have such approaches” should coincide with “the desire to apply such approaches” for the benefit of the society. Future Research In terms of the main initial idea, transdisciplinarity is formed as a global approach. The global approach should have a traditional institutional form. This implies that it should be a science discipline (meta-discipline) and have carriers with the transdisciplinary worldview. Training for such carriers can be organized by the universities within the limits of the systems transdisciplinarity departments and Centers of Systems Transdisciplinary Retraining for Disciplinary Specialists. Thus, it is reasonable to initiate discussions for the idea to reform the disciplinary structure of the universities while considering the creation of such departments and centers.
Reports on the topic "Sociology, medical – methods"
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Burnett, Cathy. Scoping the field of literacy research: how might a range of research be valuable to primary teachers? Sheffield Hallam University, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.7190/shu-working-papers/2201.
Full textAbstract:
Literacy research has an important role to play in helping to shape educational policy and practice. The field of literacy research however is difficult to navigate as literacy has been understood and researched in many different ways. It encompasses work from psychology, sociology, philosophy and neuroscience, literary theory, media and literacy studies, and methodologies include a range of qualitative, quantitative and mixed methods approaches. In mapping this complex field, I draw on a systematic ‘scoping survey’ of a sample of peerreviewed articles featuring literacy research relevant to literacy education for children aged 5-11. Studies were deemed relevant if they: addressed literacy pedagogies and interventions; and/or provided pertinent insights (e.g. into children’s experiences of literacy); and/or offered implications for the range and scope of literacy education. The results of this survey are important in two ways. Firstly they help to articulate the range of literacy research and the varied ways that such research might speak to literacy education. Secondly they challenge easy distinctions between paradigms in literacy research. Recognising this complexity and heterogeneity matters given the history of relationships between literacy policy and practice in countries such as England, where polarised debate has often erased the subtle differences of perspective and confluence of interest that this survey illuminates. Based on the results of this survey I argue that an inclusive approach to literacy research is needed in educational contexts. Otherwise alternative and/or complementary ways of supporting children’s literacy learning may be missed, as will important possibilities for literacy education and children’s current and future lives.