Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Sociologie – Résilience'
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Qleibo, Elena. "Vivre à Gaza : pour une sociologie de la résilience." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017UBFCC026/document.
Full textHow to explain the social resilience evidenced by Gazans notwithstanding the challenges imposed by what began as a partial blockade in the year 2000 to become a practically unmitigated situation since the year 2006? Having shared the daily life of Gaza for over ten years, a researcher in sociology and anthropology tries to answer the question. This thesis is the result of the analysis of in-depth interviews of a population of circa 120 individuals , men and women, coupled by immersion in the daily life and availing herself of numerous and diverse reports and studies on the condition of life in Gaza. The researcher concludes that one has to probe for the origin of this resilience in the resources that constitute for the Gazans the solidity of their social institutions and the reference to a shared history.Beyond the Gaza case, this work is a contribution to an analysis of what may allow societies and individuals that conform them to overcome crisis
Potemski, Paulina. "Le rôle des femmes dans la résilience des sociétés humaines." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Troyes, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022TROY0027.
Full textAndrocentrism, a social and societal construct of many human societies throughout time and the world, has led to the historical definition of the social roles of women and men while promoting the actions and activities of the latter at the expense of the former. The lack of visibility also applies to what they have been able to achieve or can achieve for a greater resilience of human societies in the face of difficulties and challenges, past, present and future. The notion of resilience, used in the media and in different scientific fields, is defined here as a dynamic process involving the succession, if necessary and if adopted, of three phases: maintenance or conservation, adaptation with minor adjustments, and transformation. The resilience of human societies is a process integrating multiple interactions with the environment and time. The modeling of women's life experiences reveals specific elements for a successful transformation of their lives. Thus, the existence of a quest for a life project and a determination to pursue it in the face of perceived injustice or difficulty. Another similarity is the existence of a trigger resulting from an intervention to pursue the life transformation. These similarities and differences are integrated into a comparative analysis. Due to historical androcentrism, women's actions to improve their own resilience, that of their loved ones, and their societies, still lack visibility. This report proposes avenues paths for future research to better observe or even replicate these actions more globally
Stathopoulos, Marco. "La résilience urbaine : art de la crise et architectures pirates." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 8, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA080096.
Full textThe concept of resilience has been adopted by the language and practices of growing global urbanisation, the dominant model of which is planning. However, resilience theory is also questioned, notably for the difficulty it manifests in ensuring predictable results, or for the usage that is made of it by the most neoliberal approaches to planning. This thesis shows that concept of resilience can also be a starting point for questioning planning by introducing other ways of understanding, theorising and designing urban environments. It addresses how urban resilience theory can shed light on specific conceptual frameworks, whose criteria may orient design choices. The research originates in a corpus that has been developed in the field of ecology, opening the way to an urban resilience theory, and explores the singularities of this transition. To overcome the dominant model’s tendency to blur landmarks, and free this process of theorisation from the ambiguity of its frameworks, this thesis adopts the method of analysis through metaphor. It thus proposes the concept of "urban piracy", as an art of designing resilience in urban environments. The metaphor of piracy is constructed along its etymological sense, its archetypes and its history. It gives way to a theorisation that includes the qualitative aspects of the conditions of resilience; the relationship to form, time and place, of a city designed according to its criteria; the symbolism of its theory and its discrepancies vis-à-vis the dominant model; its political, dialogical, experimental and incremental dimension; and finally, the landmarks and the thresholds that orient choices in architectural and urban design
Braud, Manuela. "Comment faire face à l'adversité et pour longtemps : étude clinique de l'émergence et de la fluctuation du processus de résilience dans le temps : rencontres avec des histoires de vie au-delà de l'ordinaire Maya, Véronique, Anne, Cendia, Sophie et Nathalie." Thesis, Nantes, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017NANT2045/document.
Full textThe goal of this reserach is to understand how persons who were victims of child abuse could develop and conserv a resilience process all the time. This research propose to analyse life stories of six women who didn’t get secure attachment. The results show that the process of resilience seemed to be fluctuating all the time. In this way, the devlopment of the process seems to reveal three kinds of resilience : scolar, social and professional. In fact, they supplant private and affective life until the effective break-up with abuse parent. The different forms of resilience : scolar, social, professional and affective seem to complet and support themselves
Tielemans, Benoit. "Itinéraires de résilience d'adolescents en situation sociofamiliale critique." Thesis, Mulhouse, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019MULH3824.
Full textYoung people in critical social and/or familial situations, who have experienced a psychosocial involution before embarking on a journey of resilience, are a valuable source of stories that we have to decipher in the hope of understanding and taking action.The ontographic narrative (récit ontographique) is a methodology of a life story developed to map unique journeys of resilience of people with difficult childhoods, which has jeopardized their development and the construction of their identities.The narrative support tools developed provide concrete and practical results. Designed to free speech from all formalconstraints, they offer rich and fruitful emancipatory spaces.Meeting young people and asking them for their help to understand what made them who they are, turned out to be a powerful tool to help them open their black boxes. Through these fruitful moments in life, resilience emerges; it takes shape through special links, in moments and places engraved in their memory, which are up to them to discover, to rediscover.Expert of himself, author of his own life, the narrator lifts a comer of the veil on a complex situation. By bringing together facts and experience, the author can take charge of the direction of life’s progress and development and ultimately experience freedom.Exploiting these tools makes it possible to chart future prospects for a confirmatory exploration of hypotheses that wepropose
Nguede, Ngono Jean-Pierre. "Résilience des Baka face aux mutations socio-environnementales (Cameroun)." Paris, EHESS, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016EHES0707.
Full textThis thesis proposes a thorough analysis of the resilience of socio-environmental in two communities of hunter / gatherers, Baka and Bakola Cameroon. These communities formerly nomadic lived in the forest where they drew most of their life and survival. Today they have been displaced from their ancestral lands for the sake of creating protected areas, agro-industrial, forestry and execution of major mining projects, these communities are more than ever in touch Standing with "big black" or Bantu largely influence their lifestyle (hunting, gathering and fishing) and often determine their future. To cope with these changes, the government of Cameroon and national and international organizations through extensive programs accompany gradually Baka and Bakola to rebuild a new life that incorporates the requirements of "modernity. " Despite this support, these people are still under the influence of scourges such as alcoholism, disease, malnutrition, marginalization, in schooling, non-recognition of their rights, etc. . How do they cope with the changes occurring in their lives? The thesis aims to identify the different mutations, to describe and analyze the strategies established by the Baka and Bakola to adapt. Some mutations may appear on the surface without question a fundamental attachment to the forest and some ancestral values. However, different exogenous pressures (such as settlement, globalization) and endogenous (such as attitude of individuals, transmission) which determine the degree of progress of the various mutations should not be underestimated, as they are a threat to development. The concept of relience proves operative to evaluate the adequacy of policies accompanying minorities by the actors of development and a tool to understand the adaptability of these societies in rapid transition
Mejia, Rendon Alvaro de Jesus. "Résilience et parenté chez les populations déplacées en colombie." Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017EHES0150/document.
Full textIn this study, we aimed to describe the determinants of the resilience process of people who suffered forced displacement in Colombia, and the role that kinship and social support for the victims of this scourge play in this process. To this end, we contacted displaced families living in two neighborhoods with the largest number of displaced persons in the city of Medellin. Two neighborhoods on the outskirts of the city that have seen their population increase with the arrival of these people. These families shared their stories with us, told us how they used to live before they were forced to leave their land, the pain and horrors of having to flee, and their confusion and hope when they arrived in Medellin where they thought they could find peace
Leborgne, Yann. "Patrimoine culturel immatériel et résilience : territorialités et lieux matriciels." Thesis, Normandie, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019NORMLH20/document.
Full textSocial practices and representations, passed from generation to generation, are today defined as “intangible cultural heritage” and figure in both national and international patrimonial provisions (Unesco 2003). In some cases, people’s attachment to “intangible cultural heritage” can reveal the existence of “areas of suffering”, whether personal or societal. As a spatial phenomenon, the expression of which is often related to a geographical location, “intangible cultural heritage” contributes to Man’s and society’s capacity to ensure its sustainability through the preservation of Man’s feelings of identity, territorial presence and continuity through Time. Successful or not, patrimonialisations are proof of the energy of those who perpetrate them. In fine, “intangible cultural heritage” conveys territorialities linked to the resiliency of those who create such heritage and hold on to it. A field study of 9 sites, in the Normandy and Pays de la Loire regions, shows that these expressions of “ICH” provide Man with a way to overcome disruptions through resiliency, detectable on various geographical scales: from the micro scale, where we look after the individual and his organic corporal location, to the meso and macro scales, where they tend to mend the wider socio-territorial fabric. Thus, between locations, communities and territories, “intangible cultural heritage” becomes part of a matrix territoriality. It is, therefore, part of the permanent re-creation between Mankind and Earth
Nshimiyimana, Jean Damascene. "Être enfant d’une survivante et d’un auteur du génocide : la résilience des enfants rwandais nés du viol." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 8, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA080027.
Full textResults of this thesis, which had as objectives analyzing the resilience of Rwandan children born from rape perpetrated during the genocide and scrutinizing protective and risk factors involved, show that those children have a low level of resilience as proven by their average at the resilience scale of wagnild and young; girls have a higher score of resilience than boys; participants with secondary education scored higher than children who only attended primary school and ones who never went to school; children who remained where the mother's rape was perpetrated have a higher score than those who have moved away from that place; and the score of children grouped in an association is significantly higher than the one of children without association. The participants have benefited from few protective factors, very few family and environmental protective factors, while they enjoy many individual protective factors; they faced a relatively small number of risk factors, a small number of individual risk factors, and a large number of family and environmental risk factors. The most mentioned problems by participants are abortion attempts, infanticide attempts, abandonment, rejection, hatred, neglect, abuse, stigma, shame, guilt and poverty; and coping strategies such as early maturity, familio-centrifugal attitudes, self-inhibition, humor, prayers, opposition, drug abuse, relational segregation, prostitution and the grouping in associations have been set up
Archambaud, Lise. "Les dynamiques collectives en contexte post-conflit : réflexions sur une résilience socialement soutenable." Thesis, Lille 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LIL1A019/document.
Full textThis thesis addresses the notion of resilience in post-conflict context, at the level of local organizations. The emergence of different focus of conflict has highlighted the inability of some states to provide their populations with access to basic infrastructure and services. As external funding is not able to cover all the needs, it is then the local solidarity mechanisms that are promoted. After large-scale shocks, collective dynamics are seen as a means of recovery. In order to evaluate these collectives, we analyze the structuring processes that lead to collective action but also the functions attributed to them by their members as well as their pathways. The emergence of the notion of resilience in the political agenda of international institutions in order to think about recovery comes up against two main difficulties : first of all its conceptualization, and secondly its operationalization. It is those pitfalls that we try to overcome in this work. Understood as a process, resilience can be articulated on the one hand with the notion of social sustainability, and on the other hand with the capability approach. Through an analysis conducted on three research fields affected by serious socio-political crisis, we propose to identify the foundations of socially sustainable collective resilience at the level of local organizations
Stathopoulos, Marco. "La résilience urbaine : art de la crise et architectures pirates." Thesis, Paris 8, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA080096.
Full textThe concept of resilience has been adopted by the language and practices of growing global urbanisation, the dominant model of which is planning. However, resilience theory is also questioned, notably for the difficulty it manifests in ensuring predictable results, or for the usage that is made of it by the most neoliberal approaches to planning. This thesis shows that concept of resilience can also be a starting point for questioning planning by introducing other ways of understanding, theorising and designing urban environments. It addresses how urban resilience theory can shed light on specific conceptual frameworks, whose criteria may orient design choices. The research originates in a corpus that has been developed in the field of ecology, opening the way to an urban resilience theory, and explores the singularities of this transition. To overcome the dominant model’s tendency to blur landmarks, and free this process of theorisation from the ambiguity of its frameworks, this thesis adopts the method of analysis through metaphor. It thus proposes the concept of "urban piracy", as an art of designing resilience in urban environments. The metaphor of piracy is constructed along its etymological sense, its archetypes and its history. It gives way to a theorisation that includes the qualitative aspects of the conditions of resilience; the relationship to form, time and place, of a city designed according to its criteria; the symbolism of its theory and its discrepancies vis-à-vis the dominant model; its political, dialogical, experimental and incremental dimension; and finally, the landmarks and the thresholds that orient choices in architectural and urban design
Porcelli, Paola. "Fosterage et résilience en milieu bambara (Mali) : une analyse constructionniste des trajectoires des enfants confiés à l'aide du Test du Dessin de la Famille." Paris 8, 2010. http://octaviana.fr/document/169725944#?c=0&m=0&s=0&cv=0.
Full textThis study focuses on the concept of fosterage, referred to a number of traditional customs quite neglected by psychology and leading to long separations between a child and his/her biological parents. The present research aims, in particular, at giving a view of these customs in a Bambara context by using the constructionist paradigm of resilience. For this purpose, after deconstructing the representations and meanings underlying these phenomena as well as the dynamics of psychosocial risk and the vulnerability factors that they convey, we analyze the pathways to resilience of 15 children and young people fostered in a Malian rural community through the Draw-A-Family Test. The results show some analogies with a number of values fostered by the context of belonging but also the heterogeneity and creativity of individual pathways. The data collected confirm the importance of accounting for cultural elements in the evaluation of these practices in order to promote an integration of resilience models and a reconfiguration of the representations of parenthood and filiation within our societies
Penin, Pauline. "La fin de carrière des cadres seniors : de l'attente à la résilience." Thesis, Paris 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA010073.
Full textThe economic, social and demographic challenges related to the employment of seniors are becoming more and more important. However the employment rate of seniors in France remains one of the lowest in Europe. Faced with the complexity and hardening of the economic environment, the organizational structures have been profoundly changed: flattening of hierarchies, new forms of work and of mobilities, providing executives with new forms of careers, alternatives to the traditional hierarchical progression that is vertical and intra organizational. In recent decades, executives have undergone profound changes. In their final game of career it seems that senior executives are in situation of expectation, most often undergone. It thus seems interesting to examine this expectation and to analyze its components. The purpose of this research is to define more precisely this notion of professional expectation at the end of career and to analyze its consequences in terms of individual resilience. The term resilience may surprise on the first reading. It is not yet fully released in France in the management vocabulary. Numerous authors and practitioners (often psychiatrists or child psychiatrists) have contributed to make this concept known and to develop its theoretical outlines as well as the scope of its practical applications. The aim of this research is to understand the expectation of the senior executives at the end of career and to confirm the presence of positive and negative individual resilience, and especially the existence or absence of the calculated individual resilience, which does not exist in the literature
Carvalho, Brasilio de Moura Paulo. "Prospérité et Résilience : la place de la ville dans le développement économique." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Côte d'Azur, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024COAZ0011.
Full textThis thesis, structured in two parts each containing two chapters, proposes a heterodox approach in response to the conventions of traditional economics. This orientation stems from the desire to explore alternatives to the status quo. The first part of the thesis focuses on contextualizing urban challenges and redefining the concept of the city while revisiting the foundations of economic spatialization and highlighting theoretical fragmentation in urban analysis.To support an alternative perspective, it was crucial to deepen the analysis of the influences and perspectives of Marshall's industrial economics, emphasizing the temporality and dynamics of economic models, thus laying the necessary groundwork for the second part of the thesis. This part addresses the main discussion on urban dynamics, economic development, and the concepts of prosperity and resilience in the face of societal challenges. It examines the role of the city and its interaction with the state. The need to consolidate these theoretical fragments gives rise to what I call the "city theory."This reorganization through the "city theory" does not claim to establish a new theory but aims to bridge theoretical gaps, identify new research paths, and apply transdisciplinarity to rethink productive activity in an urban context. The fourth chapter of the thesis examines the crisis and post-crisis of COVID-19 by applying the "city theory." It also discusses the orientation of a project based on the "city theory" within the framework of the France 2030 program and the 4th Future Investments Program (PIA), involving various ministries and partners, to promote innovative solutions to revitalize priority neighborhoods, particularly the "Sustainable City Demonstrators" initiative
Raillon, Camille. "La résilience dans l’humanitaire, un concept pour penser autrement la gouvernance des catastrophes socio-climatiques." Thesis, Paris Est, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PESC0082/document.
Full textResilience in humanitarian. A concept to think differently about the governance of socio-climate disasters.The concept of resilience integrates the humanitarian space in the early 21st century. Its starting point is the ambition of the NGOs to improve the impact of their activities on the most vulnerables populations. If the concept of resilience was born in the physical sciences, its integration in the mid 20th century in multiple research areas: environment, economy, psychology and politics, endows it today with various interpretations and definitions. Through its multiple roots, this integration is by deduction, limited by the complexity to find a definition, indicators and adequate methodology to measure and therefore improve assistance to victims. By focusing on managing socio-climate disasters, namely those related to human activities on ecosystems and extreme climate events, we have chosen to question the meaning and scope of this concept in humanitarian. In other words, the side of its theoretical aspects, how to understand resilience to think differently about the governance of socio-climate disasters?We put forward the idea that resilience is a concept. In the sense that resilience is a general idea that helps to organize knowledge on multiple and complex rebounds capacity of an entity following a shock. Our study in 2014 on the evolution of life histories of 144 homes in the Delta of the Sundarbans in Southern Bangladesh highlights a typology of different capacities following the cyclones Sidr 2007 and Aila 2009. Furthermore, our results argue the idea that if resilience is an endogenous capacity, it interacts with two additional terms and controversies that have integrated the humanitarian space between the middle and late 20th century: the vulnerability and adaptation of societies. We argue that if these three terms are severable and sometimes contradictory, their overlapping enables a more detailed analysis of issues and local socio-ecological dynamics. This allows us to point out our first hypothesis: the concept of resilience is apprehended in humanitarian as an integrating concept serving a systemic approach to disasters governance.Finally, we defend that resilience can also be seen as a systemic approach that challenges the humanitarian model. Since it is not only taking inspiration from the classical model like planning, development, and quality control to answer to disasters, but to be able to model the confusion and conflicting perceptions of the crisis and risks. The integration of resilience contributes to a modeling aid, based on functional, structural and historical aspects of the organization with a more integrated vision of the socio-ecological systems.Through many controversies that cross the idea of resilience, we are witnessing, if this is not a profound change of paradigm in humanitarian, to an enrichment of the thought on governance of disasters, and the models of helps that goes with them. Therefore we ask our research question, how the concept of resilience is apprehended in humanitarian to a systemic approach and innovative models of assistance that emphasize an integrated relationship society-environment?
Bourcart, Léo. "Émergence et usages du concept de résilience dans les mondes académique et institutionnel." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015GREAH023/document.
Full textSince the beginning of the decade 2000, the concept of resilience has been repeatedly used in the institutional fields of international aid (emergency aid, development aid) and civil security (prevention, population protection, risks and crises management) until becoming impossible to ignore. In parallel, the concept of resilience has been used in various disciplines for a much longer time, like in psychology, geography, in the field of ecology, in political science, in management studies and in ergonomics. This thesis work precisely aims at identifying and making the inventory of these different academic and institutional uses. The first part of the thesis provides an accounting of the different uses of the concept of resilience in the disciplines and search fields previously mentioned. The second part is primarly focused on the use of the concept of resilience by the main international aid institutions and NGOs. It is secondly focused on the uses of the concept of resilience by the institutions and organizations directly involved in civil security issues at an international and European level and at a national level with the United States, the United Kingdom and France. It shows that the use of the concept of resilience can be interpreted as a reconfiguration process of their activity in a context where crises persistently happen and progressively weaken their own legitimacy and conditions of action
Bénitez, Fanny. "Faire face ou vivre avec les catastrophes ? Capacités d'adaptation et capabilités dans les trajectoires de résilience individuelles et territoriales au sein de l'espace Caraïbe." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018MON30065/document.
Full textThe notion of cope with, often translated in french by the expression "faire face", is usually used to define and explain the vulnerability and resilience of societies. This concept is made effective through coping capacities. International prevention and management frameworks emphasize the need to develop these capacities at the community and territorial scales by preparing individuals to "cope" in order to reduce their vulnerability and make them resilient.However the notion of cope with has never been clearly described and defined in scientific literature. Based on this observation, this thesis aims at understanding the existing links between vulnerability, cope with and resilience. To this end, the research is based on the study of territorial and individual trajectories of resilience in the Caribbean context. Three study areas which has suffered major crises, have been chosen : Martinique, Guadeloupe and Haiti. The investigation was based on the collection of life stories, interviews and questionnaires, participant and non-participant observation and archival work.This thesis demonstrates several results. First, territorial resilience trajectories do not coincide with individual resilience trajectories. The resilience of the territory does not necessarily imply the resilience of inhabitants and inversely. The thesis here specifies the different states that territorial and individual resilience can take on and goes back over the notions of crisis and disaster. Then, the notion of cope with can be grasped thanks to the answers that people implement in the face of disturbances. These answers are the subject of a typology, then reinterpreted thanks to the notions of adjustment and adaptation, which makes it possible to return to the translation of the cope with. Finally, the thesis demonstrates that there is no linear causality between the implementation of individuals' coping capacities, observed responses and resilience. The capability approach developed by A. Sen is then applied to the area of risks and disasters. It shows the importance of individual choices and freedom, and to recontextualize the notion of cope with. This thesis proposes then to replace the notion of coping capacities by the concept of coping capabilities, to understand how each individual "cope with", in a precise situation, on a given territory and in a particular temporality
Abdou, alou Adam. "La ville de Niamey face aux inondations fluviales. Vulnérabilité et résilience des modes d'adaptation individuels et collectifs." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018GREAU028/document.
Full textThe recurring threat of risings which the town of Niamey undergoes regularly, this study is interested in the way in which the authorities and the populations cope with the phenomena of flood. Based on the case of the 2012 flood, it aims to understand the logic of each of these actors in the strategies implemented at the time and following the event. Combining the qualitative and quantitative approaches, the study has made it possible to highlight the antagonisms between the collective strategies implemented by the local authorities and the individual logics to cope with the events.At the collective level, in the violence of the flood of 2012 and the malfunctions observed in terms of warning and evacuation of populations, the active protection have been supplemented by a proposal to relocate most exposed populations. The latter has had mixed results since many of these populations have returned to settle in the flood zones.At the individual level, there are some factors that may delay preventive evacuation at the time of the event: a difficulty in assessing the seriousness of the situation and the expectation of improvement, the fear of losing one’s material assets and, for some, the setting up of fortune protections to slow down the entry of water into their homes. She pointed out that the affected populations found themselves some time after their relocation, in difficult living conditions as a result of job loss and difficult access to water, transport and housing. These conditions have revealed new vulnerabilities and influenced the return of some of them to flooded zone. Having returned to live in flood areas, some people have put in place strategies to increase their ability to cope with flooding. However, this form of individual resilience remains limited to a small number of individuals belonging to particular social categories
Hosny, Raymond. "La création théâtrale contemporaine au Liban entre mémoire archivée et document fictif." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 8, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA080006.
Full textWhat is the difference between memory and imagination ? How does one evoke the history of a war whose scars are still fresh and which one would like to forget ? Is theater able to provide other points of view of such a history ? Between the necessity to remember and the need to forget, theatrical creation in Lebanon in the 21st century points out the possibilities and limits of writing the history of the civil war (1975-1990). Newspaper articles, miscellaneous news items, photos, videos, and the internet become the materials of scenic work, palimpsestes witnessing the symptoms of a conflicting memory, latent or traumatized, underlining the misdeeds of voluntary forgetfulness and the influence of the media.The fictitious potentiality of documents and of archives highlights the stakes of creation, particularly in the works of the theater companies of Arcinolether, Rabih Mroué, and Walid Raad. To investigate, to tell, and to question become the modalities of a scenic language. These narrative forms resemble art performance and call into question theatrical representation and acting. Deriving from a "dramaturgical documentary", contemporary theater in Lebanon performs on the frontier between reality and fiction. The elusive quality of the truth has political implications and renders porous the relationship between witness testimony and false document. In submitting the past to debate, do these imaginary realities allow us to mourn an interrupted history, to introduce a new way of looking at the past, or to trigger the "process of resiliency" ?
Elleuch, Hatem. "Contribution à l'amélioration de la résilience dans la chaîne logistique : application dans l'industrie agroalimentaire." Thesis, Paris 8, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA080086.
Full textModern logistics chains are becoming more complex and extensive. The mission of supply chains is to manage physical and information flows to ensure that products are delivered in the right quantities, in the right place and in a cost-effective way. The shift towards lighter and more global logistics networks in addition to external economic, social and political constraints and pressures are factors that increase the vulnerability of supply chains. To guard against this, supply chains should develop resilience capabilities in order to increase their resilience and recovery capabilities after each disruption. Resilience is the ability of the supply chain to act and compensate for the severity of vulnerabilities. However, the increase in resilience implies significant investment costs, which from a certain level could lead to erosion of its profits. The problem is how to find a compromise between improving resilience and minimizing investment costs. In this thesis, we seek to propose an adequate methodology for the improvement of resilience while taking into account the requirements in terms of efficiency.The aim of this thesis is firstly to help decision-makers become aware of the vulnerability factors that put the normal functioning of their supply chain at risk and secondly to find the best strategy in terms of efficiency and resiliency for supply chain vulnerability mitigation. In this aim, we propose a conceptual model based on a combined qualitative and quantitative approach. The proposed model is split into two main phases. The first phase deal with the identification and analysis of vulnerability in the supply chain. To this end, we provide a tool for the diagnosis of vulnerability factors and a decision support tool and an analysis method for evaluation. The second phase considers the evaluation and the optimization of resilience, according to its two measures, resistance and recovery, for choosing an efficient portfolio of resilience capabilities. To this end, we develop an optimization model based on the Goal Programming method weighted with satisfactions functions. Experimentation of our conceptual model is carried out on the real case study of an agrifood supply chain for animal feed
Leboime, Sarah. ""Storm coming" : résistance et résilience dans le Black Arts Movement à Chicago." Thesis, Université de Paris (2019-....), 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UNIP7019.
Full textThis dissertation focuses on the Black Arts Movement (BAM) in 1960s and 1970s Chicago. The “aesthetic and spiritual sister” of the Black Power Movement has been largely understudied in the historiography of the Black Freedom Struggle, yet it is thoroughly woven into the long history of African American activism in the United States. As one of the most segregated cities of the American North, Chicago held a unique place in the movement and in its fashioning of cultural nationalism. Not only was it the city where the BAM took the greatest variety of artistic forms (visual arts, literature, theatre, music, dance) but the movement in the “Windy City” also produced some its most perennial organisations, several of them still being active today. This study partly aims at shedding the light on the reasons behind this resilience by emphasizing the specific twofold spatial politics of the BAM in Chicago as well as the many intergenerational exchanges having occurred both within and around the movement. Besides, this work’s originality lies in its articulation of the complex gender issues at stake in the Black Arts Movement, which have repeatedly been played down in spite of being crucial to any thorough understanding of the movement. While it has often been described as sexist and heterosexist, the BAM was actually much more complex than some might think. For instance, Chicago’s Black women artists had key organizational roles and they largely contributed to resisting the misogyny of many of their male counterparts. They articulated their own implementations of the BAM’s emphasis on self-definition and fought the demeaning stereotypes that were often imposed on them. As they asserted their right to complexity and called on a lineage of foremothers, BAM women writers and artists helped forge the “black feminist thought.” This study eventually endeavours to complicate any linear and narrow understanding of the Black Arts Movement and the individuals in its midst, for the movement was multifaceted and continues to escape any monolithic definition
Horemans, Jean-François. "Aspects normatifs des parcours autopraxéologiques à caractère (non)-résilient." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210066.
Full textCette « G.R.H. » ne concerne d’ailleurs plus uniquement la sphère de travail stricto sensu, mais s’étend désormais de plus en plus nettement à la formation professionnelle ainsi qu’aux efforts consentis, en aval et en amont de celle-ci, en vue de favoriser la réinsertion socioprofessionnelle, voire la « simple » réactualisation de l’employabilité des travailleurs effractés, par exemple à la suite d’un terme précocement – et souvent brutalement – posé à leur engagement dans la vie active.
Quels sont les aspects normatifs des parcours convoqués par cette recherche ?
Nous posons d’abord que le récit de soi (récit ipsatif), sous quelque forme qu’il s’exprime, constitue un ressort majeur des démarches à caractère potentiellement résilient, copyant ou autopraxéologique (proposé comme non résilient), ces différents cheminements pouvant être empruntés par une même personne, après qu’elle ait dépassé le stade de la sidération, soit au moment d’envisager une réappropriation de son parcours (agentivité).
Afin d’offrir aux accompagnants et formateurs quelques outils nouveaux d’une gestion des ressources humaines davantage centrée sur l’intégration à long terme que sur la réalisation « immédiate » de statistiques, nous posons que les indices de mise en récit scriptural ou verbo-comportemental de son ipséité par celui qui s’exprime, recourent partiellement à des images fictionnelles, voire à des auto-mensonges légitimes qu’il convient donc de considérer.
Les récits, fictionnels ou non, de dix auteurs justifiant, à nos yeux, de l’un au moins des parcours envisagés, sont analysés dans le cadre de cette recherche afin de souligner autant que faire se peut la qualité, la chronologie et les constituants de leurs récits, partant, la place qu’ils occupent dans la reconstruction à tout le moins partielle dont ils justifient au terme de leur exercice scriptural de sublimation.
Normative aspects of the (non) resilient self-praxeological pathways
The individuals confronted to adverse circumstances within a socio professional context resort, more or less consciously, to several trails in the confrontation with those events. Amongst those trails, the resilience, the copying and the self-praxeological pathways (self-education by the practice) play a less and less contingent part in this world where the management of the labour's strength shows a progressive evolution to a human resources management wished as always more refined.
Anyway, this "HRM" does not anymore concern the work sphere strictly speaking, but henceforth increasingly expand to vocational training as well as to the efforts made, down and uphill, in order to foster the socio-professional reintegration, nay the "simple" updating of the employability of the workers affected for instance by precocious – and often rough – ending imposed to their involvement in the active life.
What are the normative aspects of the pathways related to the present research?
We first consider that the telling in itself (ipsative story), in whatever form it is expressed, represents a major energizer of the potentially resilient, copying or self-praxeological approach (proposed as non resilient). Those different pathways can be adopted by the same person, after the stage of stupefaction, at the time of envisaging a reappropriation of its development (agentivity).
In order to offer to the accompanying persons and trainers some new tools for a human resource management more oriented on a long term integration than on an "immediate" production of statistics, we consider that the signs of scriptural or verbo-behavioural telling of its selfhood by an individual is partly based on fictional pictures, nay legitimate self-lies that must be taken into consideration.
The stories - fictional or not - from ten writers, relevant, up to our perception, to at least one of the pathways envisaged, are analysed in the framework of this research in order to underline, as far as possible, the quality, the chronology and the constitutive aspects of their text, and therefore the place they hold in the reconstruction, at least partial, they attest at the end of their scriptural exercise of sublimation.
Doctorat en Sciences politiques et sociales
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Colon, Célian. "Modeling economic resilience." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLX098.
Full textA wide range of climatic and ecological changes are unfolding around us. These changes notably manifest themselves through an increased environmental variability, such as shifts in the frequency, intensity, and spatial distribution of weather-related extreme events. If human societies cannot mitigate these transformations, to which conditions should they adapt? To many researchers and stakeholders, the answer is resilience. This concept seems to subsume a variety of solutions for dealing with a turbulent and uncertain world. Resilient systems bounce back after unexpected events, learn novel conditions and adapt to them. Theoretical models, however, to explore the links between socioeconomic mechanisms and resilience are still in their infancy. To advance such models, the present dissertation proposes a novel conceptual framework. This framework relies on an interdisciplinary and critical review of ecological and economic studies, and it is based on the theory of dynamical systems and on the paradigm of complex adaptive systems. We identify agent-based models as crucial for socioeconomic modeling. To assess their applicability to the study of resilience, we test at first whether such models can reproduce the bifurcation patterns of predator–prey interactions, which are a very important factor in both ecological and economic systems. The dissertation then tackles one of the main challenges for the design of resilient economic system: the large interconnectedness of production processes, whereby disruption may propagate and amplify. We next investigate the role of delays in production and supply on realistic economic networks, and show that the interplay between time delays and topology may greatly affect a network’s resilience. Finally, we investigate a model that encompasses adaptive responses of agents to shocks, and describes how disruptions propagate even though all firms do their best to mitigate risks. In particular, systemic amplification gets more pronounced when supply chains are fragmented. These theoretical findings are fairly general in character and may thus help the design of novel empirical studies. Through the application of several recent ideas and methods, this dissertation advances knowledge on innovative mathematical objects, such as Boolean delay equations on complex networks and evolutionary dynamics on graphs. Finally, the conceptual models herein open wide perspectives for further theoretical research on economic resilience, especially the study of environmental feedbacks and their impacts on the structural evolution of production networks
Hosny, Raymond. "La création théâtrale contemporaine au Liban entre mémoire archivée et document fictif." Thesis, Paris 8, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA080006.
Full textWhat is the difference between memory and imagination ? How does one evoke the history of a war whose scars are still fresh and which one would like to forget ? Is theater able to provide other points of view of such a history ? Between the necessity to remember and the need to forget, theatrical creation in Lebanon in the 21st century points out the possibilities and limits of writing the history of the civil war (1975-1990). Newspaper articles, miscellaneous news items, photos, videos, and the internet become the materials of scenic work, palimpsestes witnessing the symptoms of a conflicting memory, latent or traumatized, underlining the misdeeds of voluntary forgetfulness and the influence of the media.The fictitious potentiality of documents and of archives highlights the stakes of creation, particularly in the works of the theater companies of Arcinolether, Rabih Mroué, and Walid Raad. To investigate, to tell, and to question become the modalities of a scenic language. These narrative forms resemble art performance and call into question theatrical representation and acting. Deriving from a "dramaturgical documentary", contemporary theater in Lebanon performs on the frontier between reality and fiction. The elusive quality of the truth has political implications and renders porous the relationship between witness testimony and false document. In submitting the past to debate, do these imaginary realities allow us to mourn an interrupted history, to introduce a new way of looking at the past, or to trigger the "process of resiliency" ?
Batica, Jelena. "Méthodologie pour l'évaluation de la résilience urbaine face aux crues et développement des stratégies de prévention." Thesis, Nice, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015NICE4006/document.
Full textFloods that happen in urban areas are governed by increased frequency. Existing flood defence structures demonstrate its downsides. One of the solutions is moving to risk culture and finding the balance between the shape of land use and urbanization through adaptation, mitigation, prevention, and response and recovery strategies. The new holistic approach is based on resilience concept give a place for new development and implementation of new approaches under existing flood risk management (FRM) frameworks. Adding resilience to flood risk management is a first step. The Flood Resilience Index (FRI) is developed in this thesis is a unique approach for evaluation of flood resilience in urban systems with the main priority on system structure when evaluation is done on micro and meso scale and on system dimension when flood resilience is evaluated on macro scale. The main reflection is on the development of method by evaluation of existing flood risk management (FRM) frameworks. Through evaluation, there is a possibility to notice the level of integration and implementation of crucial element of flood risk. The developed method for evaluation of flood resilience is potentially applicable to any urban system of any geographic scale. Connections and dependences between main city elements and natural hazards (in this case urban flooding process) are defined. With its implementation, social, economical, political and cultural relations between cities will be more visible and better established and flood risk management well implemented
Nshimiyimana, Jean Damascene. "Être enfant d’une survivante et d’un auteur du génocide : la résilience des enfants rwandais nés du viol." Thesis, Paris 8, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA080027.
Full textResults of this thesis, which had as objectives analyzing the resilience of Rwandan children born from rape perpetrated during the genocide and scrutinizing protective and risk factors involved, show that those children have a low level of resilience as proven by their average at the resilience scale of wagnild and young; girls have a higher score of resilience than boys; participants with secondary education scored higher than children who only attended primary school and ones who never went to school; children who remained where the mother's rape was perpetrated have a higher score than those who have moved away from that place; and the score of children grouped in an association is significantly higher than the one of children without association. The participants have benefited from few protective factors, very few family and environmental protective factors, while they enjoy many individual protective factors; they faced a relatively small number of risk factors, a small number of individual risk factors, and a large number of family and environmental risk factors. The most mentioned problems by participants are abortion attempts, infanticide attempts, abandonment, rejection, hatred, neglect, abuse, stigma, shame, guilt and poverty; and coping strategies such as early maturity, familio-centrifugal attitudes, self-inhibition, humor, prayers, opposition, drug abuse, relational segregation, prostitution and the grouping in associations have been set up
Leuridan, Geoffrey. "Approche dynamique de la fiabilité et de la résilience organisationnelles : entre organisation et situation : Étude in situ d'un service d'accueil des urgences vitales." Thesis, Lille 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LIL1A015/document.
Full textIn order to prevent faults to happen and their catastrophic consequences, some organizations adopt operational modes allowing them to ensure a high degree of reliability and resilience. This research focuses on formalizing these operational modes through a processual approach to organizational reliability and resilience of a critical-care unit. We aim to study, on the one hand, how the processes unfold in the operational context facing real-life situations and, on the other hand, the impact of the organizational context on reliability and resilience.Studying a French critical-care unit, first-order results describe the different processes – at both organizational and situational levels of analysis – contributing to the organizational reliability and resilience: culture, integration of new members, trust, coordination, learning and organizational slack.Second-order results address patient-care situations as a continuum and we highlight the inflection points of the different patient-care trajectories. Saturation of the unit, management of the unexpected and of the situational slack enable critical-care unit’s members to cope with the volatility and the life-threatening emergency of situations demanding immediate action.We also study the links between the organizational and the situational levels of analysis by proposing a reinterpretation of the concept of discussion space (Detchessahar, 2003).Finally, our findings invite us to consider the tension in hospitals regarding the resources needed to maintain organizational reliability and resilience
Leroy, Didier. "La résilience islamique au Liban: contribution à l'étude de l'évolution idéologique et structurelle du Hezbollah." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210071.
Full textDoctorat en Sciences politiques et sociales
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Geoffroy, Cécile. "La résilience organisationnelle en contexte extrême : l’équilibre centralisation/décentralisation dans la gestion de l’accident de Fukushima Daiichi." Thesis, Paris, CNAM, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019CNAM1245/document.
Full textThe aim of this research if to develop a model of entry to resilience for organizations facing extreme events. The Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant accident is used as a case study. The accident is analyzed through the testimony of the Site Superintendent Masao Yoshida and the investigation reports. The goal is to answer the following questions: what are the conditions to assess resilience during the Fukushima Daiichi accident? What shape did the resilience take in this context? What processes have been activated particularly during the initiation of the resilience process?A specific methodology is produced to analyze Masao Yoshida’s testimony. This methodology also proves the usefulness of such a material to develop feedbacks in industrial organizations. The thesis draws lessons from the accident and defines an evaluation grid to study the precarious equilibrium between on-site and off-site that is highlighted by the data used. The provided model defines the processual and emerging logic of entry to resilience
Devaux, Caroline. "Résilience des services écosystémiques à l’échelle du paysage : un cadre conceptuel et une analyse pour un socio-écosystème de montagne." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016GREAV002/document.
Full textAs evidenced by the number of studies on the subject, the recent millennium ecosystem assessment and the establishment of a working group on resilience (« Resilience Alliance »), the interest of the scientific community in ecosystem services and their resilience in the face of global change (environmental or social) is steadily increasing. Definitions of resilience are highly varied, and we used concepts such as resistance, specific resilience (« of what to what ? »), generalised resilience, adaptability and transformability to develop a conceptual and methodological framework to study the resilience of ecosystem service provision. This conceptual framework was applied to compare the potential resilience of differing sub-alpine grasslands types in three local government areas in the area of the Col du Lautaret (Hautes-Alpes, France) for a number of locally and regionally important ecosystem services. We proposed two approaches for evaluating the potential resilience of the different states in which a socio-ecosystem can exist, by considering resilience as the capacity of a system to maintain a stable provision of an ecosystem service (resistance component), as well as its capacity to adapt this provision if needed (components of resilience, transition, transformation depending on the degree of adaptation). A first stage of the quantification of ecosystem services was followed by an initial analysis of each of these services via the evaluation of their « operating ranges », defined as the range of values that a service can take given a particular state of the socio-ecosystem. The organizational scale at which these ranges are evaluated links them to other components of resilience. Our results confirm the utility of considering the specific resilience of each service, as the profiles of their resistance are different. In particular, the types of grasslands with the highest resilience component potential are not the same from one site to another, even though in all cases these resilience component potentials are rather high as compared to other components potentials. The second analysis is based on the theoretical hypothesis that it is the increasing diversity of response traits (heterogeneity and redundancy) which increases resistance. We hypothesised that, when it is response traits that have been used to model ecosystem services, the functional diversity of a plant community can be linked to its overall resistance in terms of ecosystem services. We linked a number of measures of functional diversity to resilience potential, including the α and β dimensions of entropy and functional diversity, and the redundancy and complementarity of functional groups. The obtained results for the grasslands at Lautaret lead us to reject the hypothesis which proposes that the functional diversity of plant communities can be used to predict the patterns of resilience of the analysed ecosystem services, as these do not correspond to the patterns of resistance obtained from the approach using operating ranges. Finally, we suggest that to assess the capacity of a socio-ecosystem to maintain the provision of ecosystem services, our approach using operating ranges is preferable as it allows for the quantification of the resistance profile of each service. This approach could be further developed using scenario building so as to determine « to what » the provision of each service is resistant
Riberot, Jérôme. "Adaptation et résilience des organisations de type bureaucratique en contexte extrême : le rôle de l'agilité organisationnelle. : étude de la brigade de sapeurs-pompiers de Paris et de l'arme de Terre." Thesis, Lille 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LIL1A026.
Full textBureaucratic organizations are generally presented in contingency theory as structures that are not well adapted to unstable environments. Their size, structure, mode of coordination, processes, hierarchy, regulation, decision-making characterized by heaviness and slowness would not be appropriate in a world where instability is omnipresent and calls for responsiveness and capacity permanent adaptation.However, there are organizations of the bureaucratic type perfectly able to meet the challenge of the organizational agility essential to move in an unstable environment. This research project aims to highlight the dimensions of this organizational agility of bureaucratic organizations that could explain their adaptability and longevity in unstable environments
Vicari, Rosa. "Digital traces of climate risks : assessing the communication impact of Paris resilience strategy." Thesis, Paris Est, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PESC1168.
Full textClimate pressures contribute to the complexity of urban systems that have multiple functions and interacting components. The concept of resilience introduces a holistic approach, embracing both the physical environmental and the socio-economic components of cities. This thesis contributes to the current need to forge this link when studying climate-related risks in urban areas. More specifically, it attempts to answer the question: how can we assess the impact of communication on urban resilience?‘Resilience thinking’ involves overcoming fragmentation in risk management, by creating synergies among stakeholders. It is a challenge that illustrates the importance of the ‘social construction of reality’: a specific dimension of the city that corresponds to the perceptions and attitudes of the urban community regarding an issue or solution. Identifying relevant communication indicators is a prerequisite to collecting meaningful data on stakeholder views and evaluating their impact on resilience.With these premises in mind, the thesis proposes new communication indicators. These indicators have been created and tested in the context of the Paris region to investigate the communication processes that underlie local climate resilience strategies.The first part of this study revolves around the communication actions implemented in Paris by local, national and international authorities in the framework of flood resilience strategies. Recurrent and relevant communication variables have been identified and used as a basis to outline communication indicators.Some of these indicators have then been tested. A first series of experiments are based on research methods that are usually adopted by SIA (Social Impact Assessment) experts. Exploration techniques of unstructured big data (advanced text mining and complex network representation) have been used for a second set of experiments.The experiments based on SIA techniques (press coverage monitoring, a questionnaire and interviews) have been carried out in the framework of the communication strategy of Interreg NWE IVB RainGain, a European project on urban flood resilience.Communication impact has been evaluated in both quantitative (frequency of communication activities and audience size) and qualitative terms (knowledge transfer and risk perception reduction). Impact evolution over time and correlations with another resilience driver (weather hazards) have been also addressed.The experiments based on text mining and network representation have resulted into an analysis of the socio-semantic networks that underlie digital communications.Four corpora of texts have been extracted from the Web: tweets and press news covering the Seine River flood of 2016 and the Alpes-Maritimes flood of 2015; public authorities’ documents on flood risk management in the Paris region, released from 2003 to 2017.The analysis of the corpora was supported by open source software (Gargantext and Gephi) and it has involved several steps: extraction of hundreds of key terms; network representations based on key term co-occurrences; cluster visualisation based on adjacency matrix; quantitative analysis of the nodes and edges. This has allowed appraising the most prominent topics and actors, as well as frequent connections and clusters of topics and actors that characterise the media and political debates.Through a comparison of the four corpora, it has been possible to observe ho these patterns change in the context of two different extreme weather events, in the short-term and in the long-term
Ugolini, Celine. "The Resilience of New Orleans : Assessing a History of Disasters 1718-1803." Thesis, Bordeaux 3, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014BOR30077.
Full textNew Orleans, Louisiana, formerly La Nouvelle Orléans, was founded in 1718 on what is known today to be unstable land. Shortly after its initial construction, a flood in 1719 devastated the city. Several other strong storms quickly followed and forced reconstruction upon the nascent Crescent City. The French colonists who built La Nouvelle Orléans had no experience with either Louisiana’s climate or repetitive tropical storms and flooding. Damage from disasters occurred so frequently that the difficult work of reconstruction characterized the city’s first few decades. Assistant City Engineer Adrien de Pauger was the very first person to plan for a jetty system for the city. La Nouvelle Orléans could have benefited from solving its sandbars issues had this venture been conducted the way Pauger had envisaged. Rebuilding for a city that the French had just recently built presented a challenge from the start. The lack of population of the area generated the sending of criminals and other unwanted individuals from the mother country. These ended up taking an active part in the construction and reconstruction process. This research examines the early challenges confronting New Orleanians and their necessary adaptation to an inhospitable environment. Despite concerns that residents would leave their city to seek safer living conditions on higher land or move back to the home country as some did, early New Orleanians displayed a resilience similar to that found in the aftermath of Katrina. Other local settlements, such as La Balise, had a different fate and disappeared as a result of recurring hurricanes whereas the then capital of Louisiana always rebuilt after each disaster. The study will discuss the city’s early years of chaos and destruction, and how La Nouvelle Orléans struggled to overcome hurricanes, fires, and disease, before evolving from a fragile settlement to a stronger city
Averseng, Céline. "Management des processus et réduction de l'équivocité : Un cas d'adaptation d'une organisation industrielle aux contraintes de normalisation." Phd thesis, Université Montpellier II - Sciences et Techniques du Languedoc, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00833249.
Full textLongépée, Esméralda. "La résilience des systèmes socio-écologiques des États atolliens dans le contexte du changement climatique : le cas de Kiribati (Pacifique Sud)." Thesis, La Rochelle, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LAROS007/document.
Full textThe threats to states entirely composed of atolls from climate change and associated sea-level rise have been widely publicized. The Republic of Kiribati is an atoll country situated in Pacific Ocean settled by 100,000 inhabitants. Over the past centuries, the atoll communities of Kiribati have developed natural resource management systems that have enabled their survival. Over the past decades, globalization has caused rapid changes, especially regarding lifestyles and relationships of atoll communities to their natural environment. Given the highly integrated nature of the societal system and the ecosystem in the atolls, this thesis addresses the question of the future of atoll countries in the context of climate change by studying the resilience of their social-ecological systems. Resilience is the capacity of a system to absorb disturbance and reorganize while undergoing change so as to still retain essentially the same function, structure, identity, and feedbacks. This thesis postulated that an assessment of social-ecological resilience of climate- and marine-related disturbances required a preliminary analysis of their general resilience. Such assessments are based on conceptual models made from interviews and surveys and from the analysis of aerial imagery. The future of atoll countries is discussed considering different scenario: adaptation, transformation, migration and collapse
Lhomme, Serge. "Les réseaux techniques comme vecteur de propagation des risques en milieu urbain - Une contribution théorique et pratique à l'analyse de la résilience urbaine." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Diderot - Paris VII, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00772204.
Full textPineda, Murillo Rogelio. "La cuestión territorial, la planificación y las políticas públicas en el análisis de la vulnerabilitad y la resilencia socio-ambiental : el caso de la extracción de material de arrastre en la cuenca del río Chinchiná, Colombia." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AIXM0777/document.
Full textThe present thesis deals with a general problem for many developing countries and in particular for Latin America, related to the fight for the survival of the communities of workers who work in informal economies but subject to market rules. the absence of public policies and territorial planning processes that materialize in their favor and lead to a strong inter-institutional dislocation in the territory. The problem is more complex because of the inherent fragility or intrinsic or endogenous vulnerability of the populations themselves, because of the lack of a minimum vital to lead a dignified life, in terms of well-being and quality of life .The research addresses a specific case in a Colombian Andean watershed (the Chinchiná River in the Central Cordillera Range), where a social group extracts river materials (sands, gravels and rocks) for the industry of construction. Although this analysis focuses on the vulnerability factors and the resilience of the social group to global changes and, more particularly, on the dynamics of governance; The thesis focuses on the study of the entire economic production system, as a unit of analysis. The overall objective is to analyze the vulnerability factors and the socio-environmental resilience capacity of poor communities who extract dredged material in the Chinchiná River basin to contribute to the consolidation of planning and sustainable development processes registered in territorial public policies
Kane, Idrissa oumar. "Gouvernance intégrée du risque dans la perspective d’adaptation des communautés côtières aux changements climatiques : une analyse empirique des représentations sociales de la résilience." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLV098/document.
Full textThis PhD sets and explores the possibilities of « dialogue of knowledge » between scientists and local communities about resilience strategies implementations for climate coastal risks adaptation. This dialogue focuses on questions of paradigmatics representations, values and materials issues. This dialogue of knowledge, advocated by scientific community and claimed by wide audience, is increasingly needed due to complex societal problems related to climate change and different world visions. The technocentered rationality has always been an approche which dominate in the responses to the challenge of adaptation. However, in the name of integrated gouvernance, this approach is more and more contested by local communities due to their strong engagement in proposing socially co-constructed alternatives. In the first paper « Communicating risk through a DSS: a coastal risk centered empirical analysis » our research focus on the conflict of representation between scientists and local stackeholders about the probabilistic nature of coastal risk and the impacts mitigation options. Thus, a dialogic communication, based on taking into account heuristic values of local actors, is necessary. In the second paper « L'utilisation du concept polysémique de résilience: une analyse empirique en milieu côtier » our research focus on the choice of meaning of resilience concept through public policy of coastal risk management. This concept, considering its history and evolution through its various disciplinary practices, has raised, in addition to problem of polysemy due to its high use, a lack of consensus on the suitable definition. In the third paper «Vulnérabilité et résilience, entre conceptions déterministes et non déterministes : les sciences du risque côtier à la croisée des chemins », it is to questionne the choice of models and approaches used by reseachers to analyse and intervene on the coastal system. Building on the two first papers, this pape ris an unique proposition of paradigmatic tilt in the conceptual and operational processing of socio-ecosystems gouvernance. This way of presentation (thesis structured by papers) is done in accordance with required principles and technics of redaction approved by academic world (here, the University of Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines). The three papers are closely linked in their respective thematic. This explain the coherence of the conducted research and the obtained results. In the methodology, the research is built/base on an empirical approach starting from an theorical approach related to the concepts studied. The method of datas collection is semi-structured interviews, focus group, with a thematic questionnaire. The method of datas processing is done by coding these latter in ATLAS.ti. The method of datas analysis is done by iterative grounded theorisation. The targeted audience is the scientific involved in the THESEUS project and the coastal communities lived in three experimental coastal settings of the project (Gironde in France, Santander in Spain and Cesenatico in Italia). In the conclusion, it is first admitted that paradigmatic tensions can compromise the efficacity of decision support system process and the need of consensus between heuristics on the coastal risk ; second, the same paradigmatic conflicts have some consequences in the operational deployment of resilience concept and it requires a dialogue about the signification of this concept in an epistemologically robust way. Finally, it is primordial to found a neat articulation between the choice of meaning, the operational deployment and the paradigmatic representations underlying the displayed concepts
Caimi, Annalisa. "Cultures constructives vernaculaires et résilience : entre savoir, pratique et technique : appréhender le vernaculaire en tant que génie du lieu et génie parasinistre." Thesis, Grenoble, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014GRENH011/document.
Full textIn areas prone to natural hazards, many of the buildings that make up the built environment are constructed almost exclusively through the experience and the direct observation of local builders, without the support of any architect or engineer. In these regions, communities have developed over time a variety of strategies to cope with natural phenomena through patterns of social behaviours and building approaches intended to prevent and/or to reduce their exposure to local risks. Similarly, local builders have often integrated natural hazards into their daily practices, developing singular techniques, building details or devices aiming to reduce the vulnerability of the built environment. The concept of building culture embraces the social and technical aspects related to the construction process and to the development of corresponding knowledge and know-how, intrinsically reflecting the multiplicity of human societies and their indissoluble connection with the territories they inhabit. The vernacular as characterization of ways of building, living and protecting oneself proves to be a valuable source of practices, techniques and measures, tested over the years and during multiple hazards, for contemporary construction of sustainable, accessible and safe built-environments. This research explores the potential of vernacular building cultures in enhancing local resilience; and this starting from - constructive and behavioural – practices developed by individual people and groups living in contexts geographically exposed to natural hazards. Based on a strong interaction between theory and action, this research undertakes a (re)discovery of vernacular knowledge through two thematic focuses. One examines disaster resilient vernacular provisions and devices which have demonstrated their effectiveness to reduce vulnerability of the built environment to various types of natural hazards. The other one considers ways for their identification and direct contribution to strengthening capacities of communities and institutions for disaster risk management. This research combines a technical analysis with the development of a methodological tool, contributing to set up a project approach strongly rooted into contextual specificities, linking culture and practice, past experience and future needs, disaster response and preparedness
Crespi, Brunna. "Sacralité, rituels et développement chez les Bunaq et Tetun de la région de Suia, Timor oriental." Thesis, Paris, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018MNHN0030.
Full textIn Kamanasa, a former trading kingdom controlling the south coast of East Timor, the population is of different origins. These combine inter-island migratory movements linked to the past sandalwood and wax trade and migrations from mountain settlements in the hinterland, leading to a dual ethno-linguistic identification of groups either as Tetun or Bunaq. This politity of Kamanasa has been subjected to many upheavals from outside, from ancient times to the most recent Portuguese colonization, and to the Indonesian invasion in 1975. Yet ritual life has remained particularly vibrant, and although many aspects of traditional life have been disrupted, they have been rebuilt and strengthened since the country's independence in 2002. Today, due to the setting up by the government of a mega oil and gas project, local populations which are extremely attached to the customary management of their territories and their societies are faced to an accelerated development, in a context where post- independence adjustments are not yet complete. The question thus focuses on the changes at work in a complex local society confronted to an industrial development project, and on its cultural and social resilience, focusing on the question of the territory which is central to this rooted society. To address this question, the thesis is organized into five chapters. The first chapter lays the foundations for the understanding of the field and the subject, through the presentation of the settlement waves and of history, colonization, administration and landscapes. The second chapter focuses on the way local society is structured and on the different elements it puts forward in its organization, in particular the houses. The third chapter deals with the territory and its structuring, and in particular the way in which it is managed by rituals. The changes that society has undergone in the past will be approached on the basis of oral tradition narratives, which give a glimpse of different moments in the history of the kingdom, will be the subject of the fourth chapter. Finally, the fifth chapter will discuss the changes in different social, ritual and economic fields caused by the oil project in the Suai region, within the local communities of Kamanasa. These data enable an analysis to be carried out of the way in which local populations, in their diversity, perceive and react to change, and the prospects open to them for integrating modernity into their customary society. The vitality of cultural practices is based on their capacity for resilience, enabling the integration of new elements and symbols and fostering the integration of changes
Tidjani, Ibrahim. "La mobilité pastorale en République Centrafricaine : une stratégie d’adaptation soutenable ?" Thesis, Lille 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LIL1A023/document.
Full textYet a country with enormous potentialities for the development of pastoralism, the Central African Republic has been confronted for more than a decade by a prolonged crisis situation accentuated by a serious security and humanitarian crisis in 2013. This crisis has greatly affected the agricultural sector. pastoral farming remains one of the most important components. Today, as in the past, pastoralists are organizing themselves to cope with these shocks and mobility has for a very long time been the main strategy of response. However, because of the scale of the recent crises and their consequences, this crucial question always comes back to us: is pastoral mobility the key to adapting and maintaining pastoralism in CAR?This thesis, which is based on two case studies focusing on qualitative data, proposes to answer this central question by studying pastoral livestock farming systems, particularly the adaptation strategies of pastoralist households in a context of pastoral mobility and countries in post-conflict situations. The research was carried out in two pastoral camps located in the sub-prefecture of Birao (Terfel) and that of Bambari (Bangui-Banda). It shows that mobility is far from being over and that it is coming back with force as the main strategy in the situation of great security crisis such as that experienced by the CAR in 2013. It also results from this thesis that a better Understanding pastoral systems involves mobilizing local issues
Many, Holly Figaro. "L'accompagnement vers la résilience et la place du Moi dans l'éducation des publics à besoins spécifiques : Entre modélisation et pratiques : Une étude de cas au lycée Ettore Bugatti d'Illzach auprès d'élèves en situation de décrochage scolaire." Thesis, Mulhouse, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019MULH0452.
Full textThis dissertation is part of the continuing research of Professor Loïc Chalmel in history of pedagogical ideas on the "Self" and the "Social self", which are two distinct ideological and educational processes. Based on empirical data collected as part of a research program on dropout and school dropout at Ettore Bugatti High School in Illzach between 2015 and 2018 - which we crossed with other materials from different sources - we have achieved not only a broad and in-depth understanding of the two educational systems but also a specific knowledge of the issues inherent in the support and resiliency of audiences with specific needs in a context of instructional design. For example, we proposed a modelling of support to resilience considering three fundamental aspects: the individual, the organization and the environment. In so doing, we have highlighted the concepts of pedagogy of individuation and personal development and psychopedagogical architecture of training, and enabling environment, inspired mainly on the theories of Carl Jung, Isabel Briggs Myers and Katherine Cook Briggs, Henry Mintzberg, Boris Cyrulnik, Jean Pierre Pourtois, Huguette Desmet, Pierre Falzon and Jacques Langevin. This research offers a three-dimensional differentiated pedagogical view of the process of neo-development of an individual shattered following an identity collapse
Bensaid, Abdellatif. "Les enjeux du changement organisationnel dans les PME au Maroc : le cas du secteur du tourisme à Marrakech." Thesis, Lille 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LIL1A022.
Full textThe tourism sector is perceived as an industry of the future, and the firms working in this sector must be aware of the key role they have to play in Morocco's economy. The future of a whole sector depends on the ability of these companies to meet quickly the efficiency and effectiveness requirements. Despite the existence of large national and international groups operating in this domain, SMEs remain predominant. However, most of these companies suffer from multiple and varied (organizational, behavioral, adaptational malfunctions…), that impair their development and hinder their performance. In such circumstances, organizational change becomes imperative and urgent (Autissier et al., 2018; Hafsi and Demers, 1997; Rondeau, 2008). Organizational innovation, as a lever to create values and a source of permanent and sustainable change (Kotter, 2012; Lachmann, 2010; Mol et Birkinshaw 2009; Weick, 2003; Kanter,1984), is seen as an innovative approach to gain better insight into the organizational performance of SMEs in the tourism sector. This innovation is undoubtedly impacted by resilience factors which are likely to strengthen the capacity for adaptation and shock absorption, as well as by resistance factors that may impede any initiative to perform organizational change. In this context, the organizational capacity for change represents an inevitable means to achieve high performance (Soparnot 2015). The theories of change, resource and skills have served as basic references to develop our hypotheses and design our model. From an empirical perspective, we are conducting a survey of a sample of 60 SMEs managers in the tourism sector in Marrakech, using a quantitative approach. The PLS (Partial Least Square) regression technique is the most appropriate version of the structural equation modeling to measure our variables and to test our theoretical model. Three out of four hypotheses have been confirmed. These assumptions are related to the positive impact of organizational innovation and resilience factors on the ability to perform change as well as the impact of such ability on organizational performance. We conclude that implementing organizational innovation and consolidating the capacity for change constitute real levers to be employed by these businesses to ensure their growth and to sustain their activity
Heinzlef, Charlotte. "Modélisation d'indicateurs de résilience urbaine face au risque d'inondation : co-construction d'un système spatial à la décision pour contribuer à l'opérationnalisation du concept de résilience Assessing and mapping urban resilience to floods with respect to cascading effects through critical infrastructure networks » Operationalizing urban resilience to floods in embanked territories – Application in Avignon, Provence Alpes Côte d’azur region A spatial decision support system for enhancing resilience to floods. Bridging resilience modelling and geovisualization techniques Operating urban resilience strategies to face climate change and associated risks: some advances from theory to application in Canada and France." Thesis, Avignon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AVIG1197.
Full textIn a context of climate change, increased urban flooding and increased uncertainty, urbanmanagers are forced to innovate to design appropriate risk management strategies. Among thesestrategies, making cities resilient has become an imperative. The concept of resilience is amultidisciplinary concept that defines the ability of a system to absorb a disturbance and then recoverits functions. This concept refers to technical, urban, social, architectural, architectural, economic andpolitical innovation and calls into question traditional risk management systems. This injunction toinnovation is perfectly adapted to the urban, economic, political, social and ecological complexity ofthe contemporary world. As a result, the concept of resilience is integrated with urban sprawl issues andassociated risks. However, despite this theoretical and conceptual adequacy, resilience remains complexto integrate into the practices of urban planners and territorial actors. Its multitude of definitions andapproaches have contributed to its abstraction and lack of operationalization.In response to this observation, this research aims to address these operational gaps by buildinga spatial decision support system to clarify and promote the integration of the concept into urbanpractices. The idea behind this approach is that urban resilience embodies the abilities and capacities ofa city and its population to develop before, during and after a disruptive event in order to limit itsnegative impacts. This scientific positioning therefore makes it possible to analyze urban resilience as acontinuum, highlighting proactive capacities that the urban system must develop in order to (re)act inthe face of flooding. This work was based on a socio-economic partnership with the City of Avignonand its GIS Service (Geographic Information System). The approach made it possible to build threemeasurement indicators to address the urban, technical and social resilience of the Avignon area. Theseindicators have made it possible to acquire information on the variables defining potential resilience thatwould foster the emergence of an adequate response to a natural disaster and more precisely to an urbanflood. The use of geovisualization techniques has made it possible to visualize treatments and results inorder to explain the approach to urban managers. At the same time, consultation workshops were heldto present and discuss the results obtained through the indicators with critical infrastructure managersand managers.The co-construction of these indicators, in order to build an analysis and knowledge aroundurban resilience, followed by the implementation of workshops with stakeholders in the territory, inorder to promote the territorial decision-making process, has made it possible to develop a culture ofresilience. This spatial decision support system has therefore made it possible to pool theoretical andpractical knowledge on urban risk and resilience issues in order to reach the consensus necessary fordecision-making and the operationalization of resilience
Colon, Célian. "Modeling economic resilience." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLX098/document.
Full textA wide range of climatic and ecological changes are unfolding around us. These changes notably manifest themselves through an increased environmental variability, such as shifts in the frequency, intensity, and spatial distribution of weather-related extreme events. If human societies cannot mitigate these transformations, to which conditions should they adapt? To many researchers and stakeholders, the answer is resilience. This concept seems to subsume a variety of solutions for dealing with a turbulent and uncertain world. Resilient systems bounce back after unexpected events, learn novel conditions and adapt to them. Theoretical models, however, to explore the links between socioeconomic mechanisms and resilience are still in their infancy. To advance such models, the present dissertation proposes a novel conceptual framework. This framework relies on an interdisciplinary and critical review of ecological and economic studies, and it is based on the theory of dynamical systems and on the paradigm of complex adaptive systems. We identify agent-based models as crucial for socioeconomic modeling. To assess their applicability to the study of resilience, we test at first whether such models can reproduce the bifurcation patterns of predator–prey interactions, which are a very important factor in both ecological and economic systems. The dissertation then tackles one of the main challenges for the design of resilient economic system: the large interconnectedness of production processes, whereby disruption may propagate and amplify. We next investigate the role of delays in production and supply on realistic economic networks, and show that the interplay between time delays and topology may greatly affect a network’s resilience. Finally, we investigate a model that encompasses adaptive responses of agents to shocks, and describes how disruptions propagate even though all firms do their best to mitigate risks. In particular, systemic amplification gets more pronounced when supply chains are fragmented. These theoretical findings are fairly general in character and may thus help the design of novel empirical studies. Through the application of several recent ideas and methods, this dissertation advances knowledge on innovative mathematical objects, such as Boolean delay equations on complex networks and evolutionary dynamics on graphs. Finally, the conceptual models herein open wide perspectives for further theoretical research on economic resilience, especially the study of environmental feedbacks and their impacts on the structural evolution of production networks
Ducellier, Aurore. "Les voix résilientes. La poésie carcérale sous le premier franquisme." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCA056.
Full textThis study sets out to uncover the poetry created in carceral spaces during early Francoism, from the progressive advancement of the Nationalist faction in Spain, between 1936 and 1939, to the end of the Second World War, up until the late fifties in some cases in line with the duration of imprisonment. This phenomenon, mainly reduced in Spain to the two heroicized figures of Miguel Hernández and Marcos Ana, nonetheless, involves a vast number of others, ranging from the jailed poet, whose literary ambitions are thwarted, to the prisoners of war or political prisoners who try their hand at romances to kill time. The focus of this study is not limited to the literary value of a poem, but also considers testimonial as well as lyrical poetry, prose poems and verse, both written and orally-transmitted. The corpus in question varies widely both in terms of generation and ideology and spans sixty authors. José Luis Gallego (1913-1980) is paradigmatic, since he composed around twenty collections of prison poems from 1939 to 1942 and then from 1943 to 1960, of which only three were published. The whole of Spanish geography is covered (especially Madrid, San Simón island and the Canaries) and several prison spaces, including prison camps. Even if certain symbols underline the specific circumstances of a particular author, specific cultural aspects or the Spanish situation on the whole, the prison poetry discussed here mainly derives from a poetics of liberation, whose goal is to leave behind the oppressive space-time of imprisonment. At the same time, the poetry acts as a release for painful emotions expressed and compressed into metrical moulds indicative of the constraint, occasionally letting slip subversive comments between the lines. In addition, the process of creation and diffusion of these lyrical works, the implications of collaborating with power in the pages of the prison weekly Redención and the destiny of those verses that were entrusted to semi-clandestine networks or met with editorial silence are examined. Taking family and national archives as the starting point, these lyrical voices of a difficult resilience, unpublished or unappreciated, in constant tension between being locked into the intimism of the insilio and the subtle exteriorization of a repressed dissidence
Este estudio exhuma la poesía creada en los espacios carcelarios del primer franquismo, desde el avance progresivo en España del bando nacional, entre 1936 y 1939, hasta el final de la Segunda Guerra Mundial, incluso de los años cincuenta según los encarcelamientos. Este fenómeno, que suele reducirse en España a dos figuras heroizadas (Miguel Hernández y Marcos Ana), abarca sin embargo una multitud de casos, que van desde el poeta encarcelado, cuyas ambiciones literarias son obstaculizadas, hasta los prisioneros de guerra o políticos que se ejercitan escribiendo romances para matar el tiempo: más allá del valor literario de la obra, nos interesamos tanto por la poesía testimonial como por la poesía lírica, por los poemas en prosa o en verso, orales o escritos, a través de un corpus variado, tanto a nivel generacional como ideológico, de unos sesenta autores. José Luis Gallego (1913-1980) es un ejemplo paradigmático, ya que compone una veintena de poemarios en prisión de 1939 a 1942, y de 1943 a 1960, de los cuales solamente tres han sido publicados. Se aborda toda la geografía española (especialmente Madrid, la isla de San Simón o las Canarias), y diversos espacios carcelarios, como los campos. Si bien algunos símbolos singularizan a un autor, la cultura o la situación española, esta poesía carcelaria implica en general una poética de la liberación, que apunta a huir del espacio-tiempo opresivo del encierro a la vez que evacua las emociones dolorosas en unos moldes métricos que expresan la coerción, y desliza a veces una subversión entre los versos. Igualmente, contemplamos los procesos de creación y de difusión de estas obras líricas, la cuestión de la colaboración con el poder en las páginas del semanario penitenciario Redención y el destino de unos versos confiados a redes semiclandestinas o expuestas al silencio editorial. A partir de archivos familiares y nacionales, analizamos esas voces líricas de una resiliencia difícil, inéditas o desconocidas, en tensión entre el encierro en el intimismo del insilio y la exteriorización sutil de una disidencia reprimida
Reyad-Mamdoh, Samir. "Les potentialités du travail théâtral comme facteur de reconstruction individuelle et collective dans un cadre post-traumatique : l’expérience théâtrale en groupe, atelier Fan Al-Hayat [l’Art de la vie]." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 8, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020PA080035.
Full textThis thesis aims to examine a group theatrical experience in order to explore the scope for using theatrical work as a means for individual and collective post-traumatic recovery. Using their individual experiences, which often took place during wars in Syria or Iraq, the refugee participants relive on the stage the traumas they lived through, sometimes part of their very flesh for those who have been tortured. They started as simple narrators but became nascent and acting performers. This work gave birth to two theatrical performances.A work schedule was devised: training sessions to teach them dynamic positions, contact and plasticity of the performing body, and preparation to theatrical performance. The purpose of the play was to distance the actors from the traumatic events they experienced and to overcome them.The act of performing is a source of discovery, of work on self. It is an effective means of helping to free themselves, to share their feelings, to overcome their own fragility, by rediscovering their power to act, so far ignored. They rebuilt themselves, rediscovering their self-confidence and their other capabilities and behaviors. This is a way to build up resilience. Our study was an empirical one, combining two intrinsic dimensions: theory, which lets us think out our approach and incorporate it into a reflexive approach; and practice, which gives us the ability to show on stage the experience of self-care, the exploration of personal obstacles and inhibitions. From being weakened by a traumatic experience, they were able to rediscover a sense of individual and collective confidence, face the future with a greater sense of serenity and take responsibility for their own lives
Le, Van Tinh. "La gestion des inondations dans un contexte d’urbanisation croissante : l’exemple des "points noirs" à Hà Nội (Việt Nam)." Thesis, Lille 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LIL10191.
Full textLocated on the edge of the Red River the city of Ha Noi is not spared by the inundations. Thus, the population is early appropriate this territory, its constraints and these hazards. Nevertheless, because of the need to rapidly develop the capital, this concern has been neglected and forgotten. The recurrence from inundation pluvial supply the written and broadcast media to the point of regularly occupy the headlines, which justifies the interest of our interrogations and the relevance of our subject. At a time when the sustainable development is playing an increasingly predominant, Ha Noi finds himself threatened by these inundations and must find solutions to protect and increase its development. The majority solutions introduced are structural and technical. However, while the narrow agricultural land cope with the urban development projects, these measures are not sufficient to eradicate the inundation. The people have indeed learned to live with the inundation. Vietnam is no stranger to the culture of the resilience. Only hope that economic growth and the comfort that people appreciate in everyday life do not let to oblivion this culture of the resilience. These strategies are part of the culture of risk of the inhabitants should be managed and institutionalized in order to provide a model for a sustainable city which is submitted from inundations pluvial.However, in a context of climate change, this hazard will become more frequent and more intense in Vietnam. To lay the foundation for resilient development, Vietnam has to embark on a path of integrated area management
Habane, Anissa. "Fabrique patrimoniale, culturelle et touristique dans un espace en tension : le cas des villes palestiniennes." Thesis, Lille 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LIL10112/document.
Full textThis doctoral research raises political and territorial issue of heritage value in a space of tension. Through the confrontation of experiences between three Palestinian cities (Nablus, Bethlehem and Ramallah), we showed how heritage process, cultural and tourism development are integrated into territorial resilience strategies. Palestinian skateholders of heritage, cultural and touristic making are trying to maintain and strengthen territorial cohesion, threatened by spatial fragmentation caused by the occupation and the Israeli settlements. The heritage process in the historic centers is a way to improve the living conditions of the inhabitants. It reveals the capacity of Palestinian stakeholders, financially and technically supported by international stakeholders, to resist the pressures of the occupation, and cope with its many uncertainties and disturbances. Its purpose is the recovery of the Palestinian territory by an inhabit resistance, in order to maintain inhabitants with low income within the historic centers and to attract new ones. Heritage development aims also to participate in the cultural and tourist development of these old neighborhoods and give to the Palestinians the possibility of a new path for social and economic development. However, despite efforts to improve urban environment, tourism and cultural offer, and Palestinian historical centers attractiveness, this did not participate to economical development significantly change of occupied Palestinian territories so far
Perzo, Laurianne. "Critiquer et enchanter le monde par le théâtre pour la jeunesse : exigences éthiques et esthétiques du répertoire dramatique contemporain." Thesis, Artois, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018ARTO0002.
Full textFrench theatre for young people has an increasing repertoire which explore children’s relationship with the world in an ethic and aesthetic context. This repertoire is a grouping of text which use a lot of different themes and which renew theatre in general. It also questions the message transmission from the author to the young addressee. Then, we think that addressing children may determine the writer artistic work. The double bind is very large with dramatic literature for young people. Indeed, it seems so important for authors not to hurt in a manner the addressee who is child-sensitive while plays they write deal with hard reality. And this in order to raise children awareness towards society and to suggest them to act in the world. The author engages his responsibility and his texts offer rich readings of the world. On one hand he faces the youth audience with broad society issues while on the other hand he wants to assert the sanctity of childhood. Several detour are used to enable them to read the world in its tragic aspects. Playwrights use childhood as a moral, social and political subject to condemn the problems of the modern world with children characters. When the child is present as a character it is often to criticize the society and to question human nature. However, plays are optimistic. It is precisely the specificity of childhood that uses the first detour to expose an unfortunate reality. Childhood is also use as a possibility to offer a worldview. Even if the authors present some dreadful situations, their creations are nice and understandable. It talks about important things of our present and one of its main purpose is to bring enjoyment. In introducing « aesthetics of resiliency » with children characters who are clinging to life and survive in spite of hard situations, young people theatre show its capacity to transform violence and enchant people’s lives : characters’ lives and even maybe readers’ lives. It is a crossover theatre because readers are simultaneously old or young and everyone seems to find some answer inside this literature. Indeed, childhood is a writing process therefore these texts might concern everyone. Childhood would be a personal and an universal value. Young people theater is therefore intergenerational. In short, the aim of this thesis was to examine the theatrical writing for young people and to examine the relation of the artists with the reality. This writing reveal the reality of the world and give a voice to what cannot be expressed itself – infans – revealing those oppression or injustice situations. A poetic of childhood spread though this theatre