Academic literature on the topic 'Sociocultural theory'

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Journal articles on the topic "Sociocultural theory"

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Torres-Velásquez, Diane. "Sociocultural Theory." Remedial and Special Education 21, no. 2 (March 2000): 66–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/074193250002100201.

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Kozulin, Alex. "Sociocultural Contexts ofCognitive Theory." Human Development 42, no. 2 (1999): 78–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000022612.

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Ameri, Maryam. "Criticism of the Sociocultural Theory." Budapest International Research and Critics Institute (BIRCI-Journal): Humanities and Social Sciences 3, no. 3 (July 29, 2020): 1530–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.33258/birci.v3i3.1082.

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Sociocultural theory is an emerging theory in psychology that looks at the important contributions that society makes to individual development. This theory stresses the interaction between developing people and the culture in which they live. Sociocultural theory also suggests that human learning is largely a social process. Psychology is one of the newest sciences. Over the years, social scientists have developed theories or perspectives based off of their observations, research, and the perspectives of other scientists. Although there is some overlap, each of the major perspectives of psychology is unique. As a result, they each have strengths and weaknesses and explain psychology in a different way. SLA research in the tradition of sociocultural theory examines the dynamic relationship between interaction and acquisition, exploring how language, cognition, and culture are acquired through collaborative interaction. This paper presents an analysis of The Strengths and Weaknesses of the Sociocultural Theory and to present a general overview of Sociocultural Theory (SCT), and its relation to human cognitive development.
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Xu, Jinfen, and Zaibo Long. "Sociocultural Theory and L2 Learning." Language and Sociocultural Theory 7, no. 2 (February 24, 2021): 202–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1558/lst.19401.

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This article reviews SCT-informed empirical studies that are centered in East AsiaWe discuss how SCT helped scholars to gain a nuanced understanding of the nature of East Asian learners’ L2 learning (and teaching), and how East Asian scholars have made active contributions to SCT. Specifically, this review uncovers how SCT is used to explain (1) the multifaceted nature of pedagogical and curricular innovation in East Asia; (2) socioculturally organized learner psychology; (3) learning potential afforded by technology; and (4) L2 writing as a complex activity. Moreover, we consider how scholars in East Asia developed and extended SCT, with special attention drawn to the concept of ‘written languaging’. While it is worth noting that most of the research centered in East Asia used SCT as a theoretical lens to understand L2 learning, less has been done on how to employ specific principles and concepts of SCT to organize instructional practices. Therefore, future directions of researching SCT in East Asia are also addressed.
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Newman, Stephen. "Vygotsky, Wittgenstein, and sociocultural theory." Journal for the Theory of Social Behaviour 48, no. 3 (June 20, 2018): 350–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jtsb.12174.

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Mees. "Sociocultural Theory and the leub Inscriptions." Journal of English and Germanic Philology 110, no. 4 (2011): 474. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/jenglgermphil.110.4.0474.

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Kahlke, Renate, Joanna Bates, and Laura Nimmon. "When I say … sociocultural learning theory." Medical Education 53, no. 2 (June 25, 2018): 117–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/medu.13626.

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Sundin, Olof, and Jenny Johannisson. "Pragmatism, neo‐pragmatism and sociocultural theory." Journal of Documentation 61, no. 1 (February 2005): 23–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00220410510577998.

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Bidell, Thomas R. "The Transformative Turn in Sociocultural Theory." Human Development 60, no. 1 (2017): 55–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000475235.

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Mahn, Holbrook. "Vygotsky's Methodological Contribution to Sociocultural Theory." Remedial and Special Education 20, no. 6 (November 1999): 341–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/074193259902000607.

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Educators internationally including those working with children with exceptionalities, are recognizing the importance of sociocultural theory and the role played by Lev S. Vygotsky. This article introduces some of his major contributions through an examination of his methodological approach, which differs from traditional Western approaches in a number of ways. Vygotsky used a dialectical approach to analyze the way that symbol and tool use among early humans led to more complex social interactions and to the development of human consciousness. His investigations provide a methodological approach and a theoretical foundation for understanding the unique developmental paths of children with special needs, and they suggest pedagogical approaches designed to meet these special needs.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Sociocultural theory"

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Lovell, Jennifer Lynn. "Parents' Experiences with Sociocultural Messages: Qualitative Theory Informing Prevention of Childhood Weight-Related Problems." OpenSIUC, 2012. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/dissertations/636.

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The U.S. toxic food environment has impacted the increased rates of childhood obesity and disordered eating patterns (Battle & Brownell, 1996), and prevention efforts are beginning to take an ecological approach to addressing these weight-based problems. Researchers have begun to discuss the importance of starting prevention efforts during infancy and early childhood (Flynn et al., 2006; Olstad & McCargar, 2008). Caregivers and parents have the most impact on child eating and activity levels during early development, but there is scarce research on ways to engage parents in programming. The present study used a qualitative design to investigate parents' experiences receiving, making meaning of, and applying sociocultural messages about children's health and nutrition. Individual interviews were conducted with parents from 16 very low-income Early Head Start families. Interview transcripts, field notes, documentary evidence, and follow-up participant checks were used during grounded theory analysis of the data (Corbin & Strauss, 2008). A theoretical model of parental movement toward action was developed that included (a) the culture and context influencing parents, (b) parents' sources of social and cultural messages, (c) parental attitude and engagement, (d) parental motivation for action, (e) intervening conditions impacting motivation and application, and (f) parent action taken on the individual and social levels. The categories and subcategories of the model are illustrated by narrative data. Implications for research, parent engagement, and prevention programming for weight-related problems in young children are discussed.
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Pietsch, James Roderick. "Collaborative learning in mathematics." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/1088.

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This study looked at the implementation of a collaborative learning model at two schools in Sydney designed to realise the principles recommended by reform documents such as the Principles and Standards for School Mathematics (NCTM, 2000) and policy documents including Numeracy, A Priority for All (DETYA, 2000). A total of 158 year seven and year eight students ranging in age from 12 to 15 years old from two schools participated in the study. In all, seven classroom teachers participated in the study each completing two topics using the collaborative learning model. Four research questions were the focus of the current study. Three research questions were drawn from eight principles identified in the literature regarding what constitutes effective mathematics learning. These questions related to the nature of collaboration evident in each classroom, the level of motivation and self-regulation displayed by students in the different types of classrooms and the relationship between learning mathematics within the collaborative learning model and real-world mathematics. A final research question examined the degree to which the concerns of teachers relating to preparing students for examinations are met within the collaborative learning model. Several different data collection strategies were adopted to develop a picture of the different forms of activity evident in each classroom and the changes that took place in each classroom during and after the implementation of the collaborative learning model. These included classroom observations, interviews with student and teacher participants, questionnaires and obtaining test results. Both exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis were used to reduce the data collected. Factor scores and test results were compared using t-tests, ANOVAs and Mann Whitney nonparametric tests. Data collected from interviews and classroom observations were analysed using a grounded approach beginning with the open coding of phenomena. Leont’ev’s theoretical approach to activity systems (1972; 1978) was then used to describe the changing nature of classroom activity with the introduction of the collaborative learning model. Within the collaborative classrooms there were a greater number of mathematical voices participating in classroom discussions, a breaking down of traditional roles held by teachers and students, and dominant patterns of collaboration evident in each classroom reflecting pre-existing cultural ways of doing. Furthermore, there was some quantitative evidence suggesting that student levels of critical thinking, self-regulation and help seeking increased and students were also observed regulating their own learning as well as the learning of others. Classroom practice was also embedded in the cultural practice of preparing topic tests, enabling students to use mathematics within the context of a work group producing a shared outcome. Finally, there was quantitative evidence that students in some of the collaborative classes did not perform as well as students in traditional classrooms on topic tests. Comments from students and teachers, however, suggested that for some students the collaborative learning model enabled them to learn more effectively, although other students were frustrated by the greater freedom and lack of direction. Future research could investigate the effectiveness of strategies to overcome this frustration and the relationship between different types of collaboration and developing mathematical understanding.
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Pietsch, James Roderick. "Collaborative learning in mathematics." University of Sydney, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/1088.

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Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
This study looked at the implementation of a collaborative learning model at two schools in Sydney designed to realise the principles recommended by reform documents such as the Principles and Standards for School Mathematics (NCTM, 2000) and policy documents including Numeracy, A Priority for All (DETYA, 2000). A total of 158 year seven and year eight students ranging in age from 12 to 15 years old from two schools participated in the study. In all, seven classroom teachers participated in the study each completing two topics using the collaborative learning model. Four research questions were the focus of the current study. Three research questions were drawn from eight principles identified in the literature regarding what constitutes effective mathematics learning. These questions related to the nature of collaboration evident in each classroom, the level of motivation and self-regulation displayed by students in the different types of classrooms and the relationship between learning mathematics within the collaborative learning model and real-world mathematics. A final research question examined the degree to which the concerns of teachers relating to preparing students for examinations are met within the collaborative learning model. Several different data collection strategies were adopted to develop a picture of the different forms of activity evident in each classroom and the changes that took place in each classroom during and after the implementation of the collaborative learning model. These included classroom observations, interviews with student and teacher participants, questionnaires and obtaining test results. Both exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis were used to reduce the data collected. Factor scores and test results were compared using t-tests, ANOVAs and Mann Whitney nonparametric tests. Data collected from interviews and classroom observations were analysed using a grounded approach beginning with the open coding of phenomena. Leont’ev’s theoretical approach to activity systems (1972; 1978) was then used to describe the changing nature of classroom activity with the introduction of the collaborative learning model. Within the collaborative classrooms there were a greater number of mathematical voices participating in classroom discussions, a breaking down of traditional roles held by teachers and students, and dominant patterns of collaboration evident in each classroom reflecting pre-existing cultural ways of doing. Furthermore, there was some quantitative evidence suggesting that student levels of critical thinking, self-regulation and help seeking increased and students were also observed regulating their own learning as well as the learning of others. Classroom practice was also embedded in the cultural practice of preparing topic tests, enabling students to use mathematics within the context of a work group producing a shared outcome. Finally, there was quantitative evidence that students in some of the collaborative classes did not perform as well as students in traditional classrooms on topic tests. Comments from students and teachers, however, suggested that for some students the collaborative learning model enabled them to learn more effectively, although other students were frustrated by the greater freedom and lack of direction. Future research could investigate the effectiveness of strategies to overcome this frustration and the relationship between different types of collaboration and developing mathematical understanding.
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Félix, Sandoval Claudia Margarita. "Leadership and entrepreneurship from a sociocultural perspective: an international study." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/405256.

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El liderazgo y el emprendimiento son reconocidos cada vez más por desempeñar un papel esencial en el desarrollo social y económico. En consecuencia, académicos, gestores de políticas públicas, directivos y emprendedores, han mostrado un interés particular en la comprensión de este fenómeno. La investigación en torno al liderazgo y el emprendimiento ha abarcado factores como la personalidad, los atributos, conocimientos, habilidades y comportamientos. Dichos elementos son básicamente determinados por el entorno sociocultural. A pesar de que se ha avanzado en la identificación de estos factores, menor atención se ha mostrado en el análisis y la integración de estudios empíricos destinados a incrementar la capacidad y el desarrollo del liderazgo y el emprendimiento en el ámbito mundial. El objetivo de esta investigación es analizar la relación entre el liderazgo y el emprendimiento desde una perspectiva sociocultural. Así, los objetivos específicos son: 1) explorar el contenido y evolución de la investigación sobre los factores socioculturales (instituciones informales) que influyen en el liderazgo y el emprendimiento; 2) analizar las instituciones informales que influyen en el liderazgo emprendedor; 3) estudiar las instituciones informales que afectan el liderazgo (considerando tanto el contexto internacional como el contexto de países en desarrollo); y 4) analizar las dimensiones del liderazgo que influyen en el emprendimiento. Este estudio se basa en dos marcos teóricos. La teoría económica institucional (North, 1990) se utilizará para sustentar el estudio sobre emprendimiento y la teoría de la organización social y económica (Weber, 1947), para el estudio del liderazgo. Los principales hallazgos de la investigación revelan que las instituciones informales, tales como las creencias, los valores y actitudes de una sociedad (independencia, toma de riesgos, religión, tolerancia, creatividad, poder, responsabilidad, resiliencia, red social y capital social) determinan el comportamiento de los miembros de la sociedad y en consecuencia, la decisión de convertirse en líderes. Además, la presente investigación señala que el liderazgo tiene un fuerte efecto sobre el emprendimiento, especialmente el liderazgo carismático y transformacional. La metodología desarrollada es cuantitativa y se basa fundamentalmente en datos internacionales obtenidos de la encuesta mundial sobre valores (World Values Survey), el proyecto GLOBE (Global Leadership and Organizational Behavior Effectiveness) y el proyecto GEM (Global Entrepreneurship Monitor), así como información a nivel nacional del Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía (INEGI) en México. Otras fuentes como el Fondo Monetario Internacional (FMI), el Banco Mundial (BM) y los indicadores de gobernabilidad en el mundo (The Worldwide Governance Indicators) complementan las fuentes de información. Asimismo, esta tesis combina varias técnicas estadísticas: análisis de correspondencias, análisis factorial, modelos de regresión y análisis de datos de panel. Por último, el presente estudio sugiere tanto implicaciones académicas como prácticas. Por un lado, la investigación posiciona la economía institucional como un marco conceptual adecuado para integrar el análisis de los factores socioculturales que contribuyen a la promoción del liderazgo y del emprendimiento. Por otro lado, desde el punto de vista práctico, este estudio puede ayudar a los responsables educativos a generar programas de capacitación que promuevan y desarrollen liderazgo y emprendimiento para la creación de una mejor sociedad. Asimismo, los resultados podrían ser útiles para desarrollar una política gubernamental destinada a cimentar iniciativas emprendedoras. En definitiva, la investigación sobre liderazgo y emprendimiento tiene el potencial para descubrir nuevas formas que mejoren la práctica empresarial, la educación y las políticas públicas en el siglo XXI.
It is increasingly recognized that leadership and entrepreneurship play an essential role in economic and social development. Consequently, researchers, educators, policy makers, and practitioners have shown particular interest in understanding these phenomena. Leadership and entrepreneurship research has encompassed factors such as personality, traits, knowledge, skills, and behaviors. These elements are shaped by the sociocultural environment. While both disciplines leadership and entrepreneurship, have shown progress in identifying these factors, there has been far less focus on proposing their joint analysis and on integrating empirical research to increase the capacity and performance of leaders and entrepreneurs all over the world. The main objective of this investigation is to analyze the relationship between leadership and entrepreneurial activity from a sociocultural perspective. Thus, the specific objectives are: 1) to explore the content and evolution of the research on the sociocultural factors (informal institutions) that influence entrepreneurship and leadership; 2) to analyze the informal institutions that influence entrepreneurial leadership; 3) to study the informal institutions that affect leadership behavior (considering the international context and also focusing on developing countries); and 4) to analyze the leadership dimensions that influence entrepreneurship. This research is grounded in two theoretical frameworks. Institutional economics (North, 1990) will be used as the theoretical framework for the study of entrepreneurship. The theory of social and economic organization (Weber, 1947) will be introduced as the theoretical framework for the study of leadership. The main findings of the research reveal that the informal institutions, such as the beliefs, values, and attitudes of a society (independence, risk taking, religion, tolerance, creativity, power, responsibility, resilience, networking, and social capital) determine the behavior of that society’s members, thereby affecting the decision to become a leader. It also shows that leadership has a strong effect on entrepreneurship, especially charismatic/transformational leadership behaviors. The methodology used is quantitative and is fundamentally based on international data from the World Values Survey (WVS), Global Leadership and Organizational Behavior Effectiveness (GLOBE), and Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM), along with national data from the National Institute of Statistic and Geography (INEGI), Mexico. This data is complemented by other data sources of information such as the International Monetary Fund (IMF), the World Bank, and The Worldwide Governance Indicators (WGI) project. This thesis combines several research techniques: correspondence analysis, factor analysis, regression models, and data panel analysis. Finally, this investigation suggests a series of implications at the academic level, as it positions institutional economics as an appropriate conceptual framework for integrating the analysis of the sociocultural factors that contribute to the promotion of leadership and entrepreneurship. From the practical perspective, this study may help managers and educators to generate training programs that promote and develop leadership and entrepreneurship that contribute to a better society. Equally, the results could be helpful to government policy that is meant to support entrepreneurial initiatives. Research on leadership and entrepreneurship has the potential to reveal many new ways to improve business practice, education, and public policy in the twenty-first century.
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Cochrane, Krysta Leeanne. "An articulation of Indigenous and sociocultural approaches : theory, methodology, and application to Indigenous school engagement." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/10177.

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This thesis is a philosophical inquiry that advances an articulation of Indigenous theories of learning and methodology with Vygotsky's sociocultural theory and methodology. An Indigenized sociocultural approach may provide a culturally appropriate theoretical and methodological framework that enables researchers to overcome the prevailing ideological assumptions in the conduct of research with Indigenous communities, including eurocentrism, objectivism, and psychological individualism. More specifically, by Indigenizing a sociocultural approach, and approaching research with this new framework, researchers may be better equipped to conduct research with communities and educators in ways that lead to the production of culturally sensitive recommendations for communities, schools, and classrooms to help engage Indigenous youths. Research that is culturally appropriate is urgently needed given the significantly higher early school leaving rates of Indigenous students compared to non-Indigenous students, due in part to historical, social, and cultural factors. The Indigenized sociocultural approach generated through this philosophical inquiry is applied to Indigenous early school leaving and disengagement in order to highlight how such an approach may contribute to the literature. In addition, recommendations based on the extant literature that explore the possibility of increasing school engagement with Indigenous youths are used as guidelines for future empirical research. Finally, limitations of the theory, methodology, and the thesis itself are discussed.
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Goulding, James Charles. "Historical Thinking Online." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/19625.

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This thesis explored the impact of digital learning settings, and their associated social practices, on an individual’s historical thinking (Wineburg, 1991). The rationale was underpinned by the assumption that information transfer between print and digital mediums is not a neutral process, and that digital learning tools serve as carriers of patterns of knowledge known as Digital Epistemologies (Lankshear & Knoble, 2006), which stand in marked contrast to the critical understandings associated with historical thinking, providing theoretical warrant for an investigation into its potential impact. Data was generated via qualitative interviews where novice (student) and expert (historian) participants were asked to evaluate historical content embedded within different types of websites. A discursive analysis was undertaken using a neo-Vygotskian conceptual framework (Wertsch, 1991) focussing on social languages, the mediational tool kit, and privileging practices. Using a Wertschian framework, it was theorised that participants would have at least two sets of evaluative criteria available to them (formal and informal), and that these would exist in a state of epistemic tension during participant evaluation. It was found that when evaluating historical content online, participants appeared to be using a hybridised adaptation of the historical thinking heuristics identified by Wineburg (1991) and the informal digital heuristics identified by Metzger, Flanagin and Medders (2010), and that these two ‘evaluative discourses’ existed in tension, producing multiple, conflicting notions of website credibility. This tension appeared to impede participants’ critical historical thinking, and an association was identified between discursive tension and school-based understandings of website credibility and evaluation. A second aim was to identify key features of expert practices, and it was found that the historians engaged in a process termed ‘formalisation’, where informal web-based heuristics were adapted for critical disciplinary purposes. The paper will conclude by proposing models of expert practice and historical thinking online, and outlining a framework by which student evaluation might be formalised to better reflect the critical practices of experts.
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Chan, Chun Chuen. "A Sociocultural Mediation Approach in Developing International ESL/EFL Students’ Argumentation using Infographics." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2021. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/27381.

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Critical thinking and argumentation are essential skills and graduate attributes for university students (Andrews, 2015; Laurillard, 2012; Perkins, 2013). The lack of evidence-based pedagogy for argumentation teaching, however, has been a key finding of many studies (Hirvela, 2017; Wingate, 2012). The main criticism of present approaches is that they are mechanistic and heavily text- but not thinking-/reasoning-focused. The situation is compounded for international students with English as a second/foreign language (ESL/EFL) because of additional challenges: learning in English as an additional language and dealing with cultural differences in argumentation between their own and the target culture. The present study draws on a Vygotskian sociocultural perspective of mediated learning to explore how using infographics can mediate the argumentation development of a group of ESL/EFL students undertaking a tertiary preparation course in the Australian context. Wertsch's (1998) mediated action is adopted as the theoretical tool for investigating the student development of argumentation because it places both speech and gesture in the middle of three mediators involved in the argumentation teaching and learning processes. The thesis takes a case study approach (Merriam, 1988), collecting qualitative data involving observations, field notes, artefacts and interviews. This data was analysed with both deductive and inductive coding methods, guided by reflexive thematic analysis (Braun & Clarke, 2006, 2012) and the qualitative content analysis (Hsieh & Shannon, 2015). The study involved the design and implementation of an infographic-based program within an existing ten-week preparatory academic English course at an English college in Sydney in 2018. The use of infographic-based pedagogy was designed to address issues of language load. Toulmin’s basic model (Data-Warrant-Claim) formed the basis of the teaching because of its focus on raising the meta-language and meta-awareness of argumentation. The main finding is that purposeful scaffolding of both instruction and teaching materials are central to developing the students’ argumentation skill. Consistent application of extended questioning in a dialogical manner was found to be key to creating and placing the opportunities for argumentation learning in the hands of the students. On the other hand, teaching and learning materials were also found to require tailor-made infographics and examples that scaffold learning. The significance of the study is threefold. Theoretically, it offers a new approach to investigate Toulmin’s model by applying Vygotsky’s (1978) concept grounded on mediated action (Wertsch, 1998), and emphasises the importance of investigating the teaching/learning of the relevant skills from a process-oriented (i.e. argumentation) instead of the traditional product-oriented (i.e. argument) approach. Methodologically, it extends traditional research from instructional-, linguistic- and genre-based practices to a mediation-driven methodology that incorporates a bi-domain analysis of gestural language and speech together for understanding the relevant actions and processes involved in argumentation development. Pedagogically, the present study confirms findings of the potential for integrating infographics with argumentation teaching and learning, with the proviso that embedding explicit instructions of image and graphic reading skills in an infographic-pedagogy are also incorporated. The study highlights the need for existing pre- service English language teacher education to include classroom teaching knowledge and strategies for argumentation teaching.
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Jackson, Isaac Llewellyn. "Science literacy in theory and practice : a sociocultural analysis of teacher cognition in a multicultural setting." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/67410.

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Stroder, Miriam Elizabeth. "PRECURSORS OF TEACHERS’ SENSE OF EFFICACY TO ADDRESS THE LITERACY LEARNING OF DIVERSE STUDENTS." OpenSIUC, 2017. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/dissertations/1392.

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The purpose of this qualitative case study was to explore through the lens of culturally responsive instruction (CRI) the development of teachers’ sense of efficacy, as defined by Bandura (1995), to address the literacy learning of diverse first, second, or third grade (i.e., primary grade level) students. In this process, I purposively selected the location and the participants because answering my research questions required that I conduct the investigation within learning settings where culturally and linguistically diverse students in the primary grade levels (i.e., first, second, or third grade) receive literacy instruction. My time in the field and my comprehensive focus on the participants and their teaching practices allowed me to gather rich descriptive data concerning the participants’ perspectives, experiences, and teaching practices through multiple traditional case study data collection means. Four overarching themes emerged from within, between, and across case analysis as significant in the development of teachers’ sense of efficacy to address the literacy learning of their pluralistic student populations in a culturally responsive manner. The themes include: (1) Perspectives shaping literacy instruction provision, (2) Understanding what constitutes CRI, (3) The impact of establishing a collaborative teaching community on the development of teachers’ sense of efficacy, and (4) Foundations of culturally responsive teachers’ sense of efficacy. I base my recommendations for the development of inservice teachers’ sense of efficacy to address the literacy learning of their students using CRI and my recommendations for future research on my study findings.
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Tarifa, Marcelo Resquetti. "Gestão cooperativa, ambiente institucional e sociocultural: o caso Brasil-Paraguai." Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Parana, 2014. http://tede.unioeste.br:8080/tede/handle/tede/2170.

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The purpose of this thesis was to analyze the influence of institutional and socio-cultural environment in the cooperative management of the C.VALE Agroindustrial Cooperative, compared to the most representative units located in Parana, Brazil, and the ones located in Paraguay. Therefore, the following research problem was established: the institutional and socio-cultural environments influence the cooperative management of C.VALE, in comparison to the Paraná and Paraguay units? As possible solutions to the problem, two hypotheses were related: H1 The cooperative units located in Paraná, Brazil, have a heterogeneous management influenced by the formal and informal rules, an internal culture focused on grouping and practices that attend the generation of social capital in the environment where they operate; H2 The cooperative units located in Paraguay have a homogeneous management influenced only by the formal rules, an internal culture focused on the hierarchy of the entity itself, and practices that attend to the social capital generation in the environment that they operate. In relation to the methodology of this study, it was classified, regarding its objectives, as exploratory and explanatory; in relation to its procedures, as bibliographic and as a case study; and to its problem approach, as qualitative. Each analyzed environment has been theoretically based to make the comparison between the cooperative units situated in Paraná and the others, in Paraguay. The analyses of the institutional environment were based on the New Institutional Economics, with emphasis on the Douglass North's theory (1990) about the institutions and occurred with in loco interviews in each cooperative unit that was covered by the sample. The analyzes of the cultural environment were based on the characterization of the organizational culture of each cooperative unit, according to the Competing Value Model, developed by Cameron and Quinn (1998), that typifies it in group culture, innovative, market and hierarchical, applied to the same managers, through online electronic questionnaire . The analyses of the social environment were based on the theoretical concept of social capital and the respective characteristics identified in the units by adapting the model proposed by the World Bank study group (BM), prepared by Grootaert et al. (2003), through the content analyses of the interviews. As a result to the established problem it was concluded that, even C.VALE being a single cooperative, there are influences of the institutional and the socio-cultural environment in the process of management of the cooperative units in Paraná and Paraguay. However, in relation to the established hypotheses, both were rejected. In the former, the identified characteristics clearly distinguish the Brazilian units, and, in the second one, it´s not possible to affirm that the management of the Paraguayan units are homogeneous in consideration of the proximity of features with the ones situated in Paraná. Finally, according to the grouping proposal of the coperative units based on the collected data and in the use of the NVIVO® software of qualitative analyzes, four specific clusters were identified: Cluster 1 - Campina da Lagoa and Forest Units; Cluster 2 - Campo Mourão and Guarapuava Units; Cluster 3 - Maripá, São Jorge do Ivaí, Central Administration and Palotina Units; Cluster 4 - Mamborê, São João do Ivaí, Paraguay and Terra Roxa Units. The four groups generated through qualitative analysis by data approach corroborated whith the respective analyzes developed for each environment explored in the research, with emphasis on the cross-borderism of some features present in Brazilian and Paraguayan units.
O objetivo desta tese foi analisar as influências do ambiente institucional e sociocultural na gestão cooperativista da C. VALE Cooperativa Agroindustrial comparativamente às unidades brasileiras paranaenses mais representativas e as unidades sediadas no Paraguai. Para tanto, o seguinte problema de pesquisa foi estabelecido: os ambientes institucionais e socioculturais influenciam a gestão cooperativa da C. VALE comparativamente às unidades paranaenses e paraguaias? Como possíveis respostas ao problema foram relacionadas duas hipóteses: H1 - As unidades cooperativas inseridas no Estado do Paraná, Brasil, possuem uma gestão heterogênea influenciada pelas regras formais e informais, bem como uma cultura interna voltada para o agrupamento e práticas que atendam à geração de capital social no ambiente em que estão inseridas; H2 - As unidades cooperativas inseridas no Paraguai possuem uma gestão homogênea influenciada apenas pelas regras formais, bem como uma cultura interna voltada para a hierarquia da própria entidade e práticas que atendam à geração de capital social no ambiente no qual estão inseridas. Como metodologia, o estudo foi classificado quanto aos objetivos como exploratório e explicativo; quanto aos procedimentos como bibliográfico e estudo de caso e, quanto à abordagem do problema, como qualitativo. Cada ambiente analisado foi embasado teoricamente para fins de comparação entre as unidades cooperativas paranaenses e paraguaias. As análises do ambiente institucional tomaram como base a Nova Economia Institucional com ênfase na teoria de Douglass North (1990) sobre as instituições e ocorreram com entrevistas in loco a cada unidade cooperativa contemplada pela amostra. As análises do ambiente cultural pautaram-se na caracterização da cultura organizacional de cada unidade cooperativa, conforme o Competing Value Model desenvolvido por Cameron e Quinn (1998). Tal categorização tipifica em cultura grupal, inovativa, mercado e hierárquica aplicada aos mesmos gestores por meio de questionário eletrônico online. As análises do ambiente social se embasaram no conceito teórico de capital social e as respectivas características identificadas nas unidades, por meio da adaptação do modelo proposto pelo grupo de estudos do Banco Mundial (BM), elaborado por Grootaert et al. (2003), por meio das análises de conteúdo e das entrevistas realizadas. Como resultado à problemática estabelecida, concluiu-se que, mesmo a C. VALE sendo uma única cooperativa, há influências do ambiente institucional e sociocultural no processo de gestão nas unidades cooperativas paranaenses e paraguaias. Porém, quanto às hipóteses estabelecidas, ambas foram rejeitadas, sendo que, na primeira, as características identificadas diferenciam notoriamente as unidades brasileiras e, na segunda, não se pode afirmar que a gestão das unidades paraguaias é homogênea, tendo em vista a proximidade de características com as paranaenses. Por fim, conforme a proposta de agrupamento das unidades cooperativas com base nos dados coletados e utilização do software NVIVO® de análises qualitativas, foram identificados quatro clusters específicos: Agrupamento 1 Unidades Campina da Lagoa e Floresta; Agrupamento 2 Unidades Campo Mourão e Guarapuava; Agrupamento 3 Unidades Maripá, São Jorge do Ivaí, Administração Central e Palotina; Agrupamento 4 Unidades Mamborê, São João do Ivaí, Paraguai e Terra Roxa. Os quatro agrupamentos gerados, via análise qualitativa por aproximação de dados, corroboraram as respectivas análises desenvolvidas para cada ambiente explorado na pesquisa, com ênfase no transfronteirismo de algumas características presentes em unidades brasileiras e paraguaias.
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Books on the topic "Sociocultural theory"

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Sociocultural theory and L2 instructional pragmatics. Bristol, UK: Multilingual Matters, 2014.

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Rabīʻ, Muḥammad. A theory of sustainable sociocultural and economic development. New York, NY: Palgrave Macmillan, 2015.

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Rabie, Mohamed. A Theory of Sustainable Sociocultural and Economic Development. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-57952-2.

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Sussie, Eshun, and Gurung Regan A. R, eds. Culture and mental health: Sociocultural influences, theory, and practice. Chichester, West Sussex, U.K: Wiley-Blackwell, 2009.

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Penny, Kinnear, and Steinman Linda, eds. Sociocultural theory in second language education: An introduction through narratives. Bristol: Multilingual Matters, 2011.

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Lantolf, James P., Matthew E. Poehner, and Merrill Swain, eds. The Routledge Handbook of Sociocultural Theory and Second Language Development. New York : Routledge, 2018. | Series: Routledge handbooks in applied linguistics: Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315624747.

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Dialogic inquiry: Towards a sociocultural practice and theory of education. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1999.

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Os descobrimentos e a ordem do saber: Uma análise sociocultural. Lisboa: Gradiva, 1987.

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Darwinian sociocultural evolution: Solutions to dilemmas in cultural and social theory. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 2010.

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Kelly, Gregory J., and Judith L. Green, eds. Theory and Methods for Sociocultural Research in Science and Engineering Education. New York, NY : Routledge, 2019.: Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781351139922.

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Book chapters on the topic "Sociocultural theory"

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Compernolle, Remi A. van. "Sociocultural Theory." In The Routledge Handbook of the Psychology of Language Learning and Teaching, 22–35. New York: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429321498-4.

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Johnson, Karen E., Deryn P. Verity, and Sharon S. Childs. "Vygotskian Sociocultural Theory." In Praxis-oriented Pedagogy for Novice L2 Teachers, 3–14. New York: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003268987-2.

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Fish, Jefferson M. "Sociocultural Theory and Therapy." In The Concept of Race and Psychotherapy, 79–90. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-7576-8_6.

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Smith, Margaret. "Sociocultural Model." In A Comprehensive Guide to Addiction Theory and Counseling Techniques, 114–25. Title: A comprehensive guide to addiction theory and counseling techniques / Alan A. Cavaiola, Margaret Smith. Description: New York, NY : Routledge, 2020.: Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429286933-6.

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Priest, Jacob B. "The Sociocultural System." In The Science of Family Systems Theory, 48–61. New York, NY : Routledge, 2021.: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780367854591-5.

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Teng, Lin Sophie. "Sociocognitive Theory, Sociocultural Theory and SRL." In Self-regulated Learning and Second Language Writing, 61–77. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-99520-1_4.

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Lantolf, James P., Matthew E. Poehner, and Steven L. Thorne. "Sociocultural Theory and L2 Development." In Theories in Second Language Acquisition, 223–47. Third edition. | New York, NY: Routledge, 2020. | Series: Second language acquisition research: Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429503986-10.

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Sawyer, R. Keith. "Unresolved Tensions in Sociocultural Theory." In Introduction to Vygotsky, 147–65. 3rd edition. | Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, [2017]Identifiers: LCCN 2016048948| ISBN 9781138125216 (hardback : alk. paper) | ISBN 9781138125223 (pbk. : alk. paper) | ISBN 9781315647654 (ebook): Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315647654-6.

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Li, Li. "Sociocultural Theory and Teacher Cognition." In Language Teacher Cognition, 19–50. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-51134-8_2.

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Teemant, Annela. "Sociocultural Theory as Everyday Practice." In The Routledge Handbook of Sociocultural Theory and Second Language Development, 529–50. New York : Routledge, 2018. | Series: Routledge handbooks in applied linguistics: Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315624747-33.

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Conference papers on the topic "Sociocultural theory"

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Minakov, Ilya. "Sociocultural factors of spiritual production." In Actual problems of communication: theory and practice. Baskir State University, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.33184/apktip-2021-12-25.16.

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Karachay, Vitalina, Dmitry Prokudin, Olga Kononova, and Daria Pilyasova. "Sociocultural information urban space in smart city context." In ICEGOV 2020: 13th International Conference on Theory and Practice of Electronic Governance. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3428502.3428588.

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Zhang, Lei. "Vocational College English Teaching Inspiration from Sociocultural Theory and Interaction Hypothesis." In International Conference on Education, Language, Art and Intercultural Communication (ICELAIC-14). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/icelaic-14.2014.43.

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"EVOLUTION OF PERSONALITY IN THE INFORMATION SOCIETY AS AN ELEMENT SOCIOCULTURAL DYNAMIC." In Advanced Studies in Science: Theory and Practice. Global Partnership on Development of Scientific Cooperation LLC, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.17809/14(2015)-02.

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Rogozhina, Lyudmila D. "Educating ecological culture in children, teenagers and adults at the library." In The libraries and ecological education: Theory and practice. Russian National Public Library for Science and Technology, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.33186/978-5-85638-227-2-2020-244-246.

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Increasing ecosystem disturbances have made education of ecological culture one of key vectors of library work. Different approaches are needed for different age groups. The perception of ecological information by kids, teenagers and adults is characterized. The most efficient sociocultural activities in ecology targeted at different user age groups are reviewed.
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Villa, Elsa Q., Alberto Esquinca, Erika L. Mein, Peter Golding, and Sarah Hug. "An engineering student leadership development model for 21st century engineering: Using sociocultural theory to inform practice." In 2015 IEEE Frontiers in Education Conference (FIE). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/fie.2015.7344034.

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Montoni, Mariano Angel, and Ana Regina Cavalcanti da Rocha. "Aplicação de Grounded Theory para Investigar Iniciativas de Implementação de Melhorias em Processos de Software." In Simpósio Brasileiro de Qualidade de Software. Sociedade Brasileira de Computação - SBC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.5753/sbqs.2010.15428.

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Estudos recentes apresentam relatos das dificuldades que as organizações enfrentam para implementar melhorias em processos de software com base em modelos e padrões de processos, principalmente relacionadas à incapacidade de superar barreiras críticas como falta de motivação e apoio da alta gerência. O entendimento adequado do contexto sociocultural no qual são conduzidas melhorias em processos de software pode facilitar o desenvolvimento de estratégias de implementação de melhorias em processos mais eficientes para superar tais dificuldades. O objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar um estudo baseado em Grounded Theory conduzido para investigar iniciativas de implementação de melhorias em processos de software na perspectiva de consultores de organizações de consultoria. O produto principal deste estudo é uma teoria construída com o propósito de explicar o fenômeno associado ao sucesso de iniciativas de implementação de melhorias em processos de software.
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Dalla Costa, Wanda. "Contextualized Metrics + Narrating Binaries: Defining Place and Processing Indigenous North America." In 2016 ACSA International Conference. ACSA Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.35483/acsa.intl.2016.40.

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This paper introduces four cultural catalysts in Indigenous architecture: language, place, kinship and transformation. Inspired by the interrelationship of physical, sociocultural and spiritual factors- the measurable and immeasurable – we investigate a number of concepts related to Indigenous thinking and ways of knowing. We contrast these notions with non-Indigenous writers including Pallasmaa, Ricoeurand Doshi, in the hopes of initiating a dialogue, and assisting the two-way knowledge transfer, between architecture and Indigenous theory.
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Zabrodina, Irina K., and Maria O. Abdrashitova. "Pedagogical conditions of the development of sociocultural skills of students training for theory and practice of translation by means of modern Internet-technologies." In 2014 2nd International Conference on Advances in Social Science, Humanities, and Management. Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/asshm-14.2014.28.

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Martsinkovskaya, Tatiana. "NEW TRENDS IN PERSONALITY PSYCHOLOGY: SOCIAL AND VIRTUAL ASPECT." In International Psychological Applications Conference and Trends. inScience Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36315/2021inpact108.

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"Psychology is currently facing global challenges that with necessity lead to the emergence of fundamentally new trends and patterns in the theory and practice of personality psychology. From the point of view of theory, there is a constant rethinking of changes in the structure and content of identity - personal, sociocultural, ethnic. In practice, there are no less significant processes associated with approaches and methods in diagnostics and counseling. These changes are associated with the expansion of the virtual space of identification and self-realization. In the last year, the changes associated with quarantine for COVID 19 have become of great importance. The frustration of real space, which often connects with a narrowing of the time perspective, leads not only to an increase in the role of virtual space, but also to intensification of the role of network identity and the development of various forms of Internet communication, counseling and leisure activities. It appears that new trends will become more significant and constant in the future. Therefore, it is imperative to discuss the new forms of narrative and virtual identity, the directions for further change and their positive and negative impact on the identification and well-being of both young and old people."
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Reports on the topic "Sociocultural theory"

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Matteson, Alicia A. Roles of Reported Sexual Objectification Experiences and Internalization of Sociocultural Standards of Beauty in Eating Disorder Symptomatology: A Test and Extension of Objectification Theory. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, July 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada425350.

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Adris Saaed, Saaed, and Wafaa Sabah Khuder. The Language of the People of Bashiqa: A Vehicle of their Intangible Cultural Heritage. Institute of Development Studies, August 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/creid.2022.003.

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The current study is an attempt to provide a linguistic, a historical, as well as a sociocultural record of the language variety spoken in Bashiqa (Northern Iraq) by one of the communities which represents a religious minority in Iraq known as Yazidis. This language is an example of an under-researched language diversity. This research draws on a sample of eleven in-depth semi-structured interviews with Yezidi men and women from Bashiqa, Iraq. The analysis of these interviews has yielded a number of points which help in documenting and preserving this language variety. The study concludes that the language used in Bashiqa is an ancient hybrid regional dialect in which many values and meanings are embedded. In short, the Yazidis understand their language as a vehicle of their intangible cultural heritage.
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Hrytsenko, Olena. Sociocultural and informational and communication transformations of a new type of society (problems of preserving national identity and national media space). Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, February 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vjo.2022.51.11406.

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The problems of the correlation of cosmopolitan and national identities are too complex to be unambiguous assessment, let alone alternative values (related to the ecological paradigm and the spiritual traditions of other cultures). However, it is obvious that without preserving the national identity, the integrity and independence of the national state becomes problematic. On the other hand, without taking into account the consequences of information wars and aggressive cosmopolitan tendencies of global media culture, there is a threat of losing the national information space and displacing it to the periphery of socio-political and economic life in Ukraine and in the modern world. In the process of working on research issues, the author of the article came out on the principles of objectivity, systematic and determinism, which in combination of their observance made it possible to determine the influence of the post-industrial information society on the formation of a new type of mass consciousness. As a result of the influence of globalization processes, there was a filling of the domestic information space with a supernational mass culture of entertainment, which in most cases leads to the spread of a primitive world outlook based on the ideology of consumption society, without leaving places to preserve sociocultural traditions and national identity. Therefore, given the problems of preserving national identity, it is necessary should be mentioned the information security of the state, which occupies one of the most important places, among various aspects of information security, since the unresolved problem of protection of the national information space significantly complicates the processes of formation of national identity.
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Khuder, Wafaa Sabah. Rehabilitating Heritage After ISIS: Economic, Sociocultural, and Historical Considerations in the Case Studies of Al-Nouri Mosque, Al-Hadba Minaret, and Lalish Temple. Institute of Development Studies, November 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/creid.2022.004.

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This paper explores three case studies of the Al-Nouri Mosque, Al-Hadba Minaret, and Lalish Temple in the aftermath of the ISIS war of 2014–17 and the occupation of Nineveh governorate. It analyses the role of these sites as part of northern Iraq’s heritage and the mechanisms in place for their reconstruction and preservation. The paper explores the role of the different actors and how these have influenced different understandings of heritage and therefore different responses and approaches to restoration. It argues for the role that international organisations such as UNESCO have in monitoring reconstruction processes, as well as the role of international aid in heritage protection, along with the importance of community consultations and of responding to the needs of affected communities in the rehabilitation process.
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Gan, Siew Wei, Vengadeshvaran Sarma, Yu Hoe Tang, and Siew Chen Sim. Entrepreneurship Training and Online Marketplace Participation among Female Persons with Disabilities. Asian Development Bank Institute, October 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.56506/jnot2052.

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Online marketplace participation is a strategy for reducing barriers for female entrepreneurs who qualify as persons with disabilities (PWDs). Adapting a framework focused on causal interaction, entrepreneurial action, and the sociocultural context, we analyzed data using a mixed-methods approach from an entrepreneurial training program aimed at PWDs and implemented in three Southeast Asian nations, namely Indonesia, Malaysia, and the Philippines, to evaluate whether online marketplace participation helps female PWDs generate better income and support their families. Findings indicate that female PWD entrepreneurs who participate in the online marketplace generate better earnings than those who do not, although heterogeneities by nature of the product/service in question are prevalent. The results also show that trainees are better able to meet their families’ financial needs. Despite the advantages, online marketplace participation among female PWD entrepreneurs is still low due to constraints regarding capital, technical know-how, and suitability of products. Hence, targeted intervention is necessary to enhance their participation.
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Macdonald, Keir. The Impact of Business Environment Reforms on Poverty, Gender and Inclusion. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), January 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.006.

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This rapid review synthesises the literature from academic, policy, and knowledge institution sources on how business environment reforms in middle-income countries impacts on poverty, gender and inclusion. Although, there is limited evidence on the direct impact of business environment reforms on poverty, gender, and inclusion, this review illustrates that there is evidence of indirect effects of such reforms. Business environment reform (BER) targets inadequate business regulations and institutions, in order to remove constraints to business investment and expansion, enabling growth and job creation, as well as new opportunities for international business to contribute to and benefit from this growth. However, there is a lack of detailed knowledge of the impact of BER on gender and inclusion (G&I) outcomes, in terms of the potential to remove institutional barriers which exclude formerly marginalised groups from business opportunities, in ways that promote equal access to resources, opportunities, benefits, and services. The literature shows how the business environment affects women in business, and how women’s experiences of a given business environment can be different from those of men. This is the result of disparities in how they are treated under the law, but also based on structural and sociocultural factors which influence how men and women behave in a given business environment and the barriers they face.
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Saha, Amrita, Jodie Thorpe, Keir Macdonald, and Kelbesa Megersa. Linking Business Environment Reform with Gender and Inclusion: A Study of Business Licensing Reform in Indonesia. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), January 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.001.

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Business environment reform (BER) targets inadequate business regulations. It is intended to remove constraints to business investment, enabling growth and job creation, and create opportunities for international business to contribute to and benefit from this growth. However, there is a lack of detailed knowledge of the impact of BER on gender and inclusion (G&I). While a review of existing literature suggests that in general, there is no direct link between BER and G&I, indirect links are likely through the influence of BER on firm performance. Outcomes will be influenced by the differential ways in which women-led firms experience the business environment when compared to their male counterparts, with disparities based on how they are treated under the law, as well as structural and sociocultural factors. The fact that in many countries, female-led firms are fewer and smaller than those of their male counterparts, and may operate in different sectors, also affects these dynamics. This research offers new insights through an in-depth analysis of the impact of the Pelayanan Terpadu Satu Pintu (PTSP) or one-stop shop business licensing reform in 2009 on firm performance in Indonesia, and how these impacts vary based on the gender of firm leadership. The results find that on average, firms benefited from improved business performance (sales), as a direct or indirect effect of this reform, as well as an increase in the number of medium and large-scale firms. Outside Jakarta (Bali, Banten, Lampung), women-led firms experienced a small but significant benefit relative to male-led firms, related to both sales and the number of medium and large-scale firms they run. In Jakarta, women-led firms continued to lag behind men and there were no significant effects on employment, and this held across province and gender. These findings are based on an analysis of the PTSP reform using data from the World Bank Enterprise Survey (WBES), a survey of small, medium and large firms (i.e. with more than four employees) which took place in Indonesia between 2009 and 2015.
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Duong, Bich-Hang, Vu Dao, and Joan DeJaeghere. Complexities in Teaching Competencies: A Longitudinal Analysis of Vietnamese Teachers’ Sensemaking and Practices. Research on Improving Systems of Education (RISE), December 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.35489/bsg-risewp_2022/119.

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Education systems globally are implementing competency-based education (CBE) reforms. Vietnam's leaders have also adopted CBE in a comprehensive reform of its education since the early 2010s. Although the global idea of CBE has been widely adopted and recontextualized in various educational contexts, implementing the reform at the local level (e.g., teachers in schools) is never a linear and simple process. Given the complicated sensemaking process of competency and competency teaching, this study explores how Vietnamese teachers made sense of key competencies and adapted their teaching to competency development. Informed by a sociocultural approach and the sensemaking perspective, this study draws from a dataset of 91 secondary teachers collected over three years (2017-2019), with a particular focus on longitudinal analysis of eight teachers. The findings shed light on teachers’ ambivalence as they made sense of the target competencies and aligned their practices with the new CBE reform. Based on their prior experiences and worldviews, teachers made sense of competencies as learning foundational knowledge and skills, in addition to developing good attitude, character, and morality. Over the years, they placed a stronger emphasis on the competencies’ process-orientation, integration, and real-life application toward whole-child development. Despite teacher sensemaking and changing practices, the performativity culture for high learning outcomes still prevailed, making teaching competencies for life a challenging task. Contributing to the CBE literature and practice, this study illustrates the long and complicated process through which teachers recontextualize the CBE pedagogy. It also suggests how teacher practices can be better supported to transition to the new CBE curriculum.
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Barasa, Violet, and Linda Waldman. Exploring the Intersection of Sanitation, Hygiene, Water, and Health in Pastoralist Communities in Northern Tanzania. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), January 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/ids.2022.004.

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This paper explores access to water, sanitation, and health in pastoral communities in northern Tanzania. It argues that the concept of gender, used on its own, is not enough to understand the complexities of sanitation, hygiene, water, and health. It explores pastoralists’ views and perspectives on what is ‘clean’, ‘safe’, and ‘healthy’, and their need to access water and create sanitary arrangements that work for them, given the absence of state provision of modern water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) infrastructure. Although Tanzania is committed to enhancing its citizens’ access to WASH services, pastoral sanitation and hygiene tend to be overlooked and little attention is paid to complex ways in which access to ‘clean’ water and ‘adequate sanitation’ is structured in these communities. This paper offers an intersectional analysis of water and sanitation needs, showing how structural discrimination in the form of a lack of appropriate infrastructure, a range of sociocultural norms and values, and individual stratifiers interact to influence the sanitation and health needs of pastoralist men, women, boys, and girls.
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10

Jejeebhoy, Shireen J. Addressing women's reproductive health needs: Priorities for the Family Welfare Programme. Population Council, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/rh1995.1033.

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India's national family welfare program has two objectives—to address the needs of families, notably women and children, and to reduce population growth rates. In reality, the program has been disproportionately focused on achieving demographic targets by increasing contraceptive prevalence. In this process, women's needs have been overlooked, in terms of poor reproductive health (RH). There is a need to reorient program priorities to focus more holistically on RH needs and on woman-based services that respond to health needs in ways sensitive to the sociocultural constraints women and adolescent girls face in acquiring services and expressing health needs. This report presents a profile of substantive needs in the area of women's RH. It contains a brief overview of the demographic situation and the thrust of the program in India, points out gender disparities and constraints women face in acquiring quality health services, focuses on the RH situation and highlights the gaps between needs and available services, and sets out priorities for policy. It raises the need for greater attention to RH and services that are more focused on women, both adult and adolescent, in India, and discusses activities appropriate for further support.
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