Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Socio-Histoire de la migration'
To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Socio-Histoire de la migration.
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Socio-Histoire de la migration.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Audeval, Aurélie. "Les Étrangères Indésirables et I'administration française. 1938-1942 : socio-histoire d'une catégorisation d'État." Paris, EHESS, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016EHES0045.
Abstract:
Cette thèse revient sur la constitution de la catégorie administrative d'Étrangèr. E Indésirable. Cette catégorie apparaît de façon massive au sein de l'administration du ministère de l'Intérieur français tout au long des années 1930. Elle devient une catégorie juridique avec l'adoption du décret du 12 novembre 1938 qui permet l'internement de toute personne qualifiée d'Indésirable. En étudiant parallèlement les décisions des administrations centrales et les pratiques locales du service des Étrangers de la préfecture de Marseille entre 1938 et 1942, cette thèse revient sur la question des continuités de l'État au quotidien en matière gestion des Indésirables. Elle analyse le traitement différencié des populations par l'État en raison du genre jusque dans les usages de la qualification d'Indésirable, à une période où le maintien des individus dans des rôles sociaux différenciés, productif et reproductif, devient un enjeu central des politiques publiques. Enfin, ce travail a pour ambition de contribuer au débat sur la mise en place de la Shoah en France, et plus précisément sur les dynamiques propres à l'appareil d'État français. Dans cette perspective, il entend poser la question des liens entre le développement des pratiques d'État envers les Indésirables dès les années 1930 et la décision de livraison des Juifs et Juives étrangères de zone sud en 1942. Ce faisant, c'est la question plus large des logiques d'ensemble qui gouvernent les politiques de gestion de population au sein des États modernes qu'il s'agit de poser. L'hypothèse avancée, est celle de la constitution parallèle de logiques éliminatrices et de logiques disciplinaires comme modalités d'action publiqueThis dissertation traces the constitution of the "undesirable alien" category, analyzing it from a gender perspective. This category appeared massively within the French Home Office administration throughout the 1930s. It became a judicial category with the decree of 12 November 1938 that allowed the internment of any "undesirable" person and remained in use within French state administrations after 1940. By examining in the 1938-1942 period, both the decisions of the central administrations and the practices of Marseille's local immigration administrative office, this dissertation revisits the state's everyday management of "undesirable" people. The specific focus on the control over female immigrants sheds light upon this little-known dimension of internment. Such a focus allows for an analysis of the state's gendered treatment of populations, in a moment when the upholding of differentiated productive and reproductive gendered roles became a central concern for public policies. This dissertation also aims at contributing to the debate over the Holocaust's implementation in France, especially regarding the dynamics that are specific to the French state. It does so b questioning the relation between the development of state practices targeting "undesirable" people in the 1930s and the 1942 decision of deporting Jewish foreigners from the French southern zone. The general logics that underpin modern state population management policies are hence revisited: the author examines the hypothesis of coexisting discipline and elimination logics within public policies
2
Jordi, Jean-Jacques. "Espagnol en Oranie : histoire d'une migration, 1830-1914 /." Calvisson : J. Gandini, 1996. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb36691788h.
3
Jordi, Jean-Jacques. "Les Espagnols en Oranie : 1830-1914 : histoire d'une migration /." Montpellier : Africa nostra, 1986. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb36620186g.
4
Hjort, Susanne. "Socio-economic differentiation and selective migration in rural and urban Sweden." Doctoral thesis, Umeå : Department of social and economic geography, Umeå universitet, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-25780.
5
Fischer, Fabienne. "Alsaciens et Lorrains en Algérie : histoire d'une migration : 1830-1914 /." Nice : J. Gandini, 1999. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37074294g.
Abstract:
Texte remanié de: Th.--Histoire contemporaine--Aix-Marseille--Université de Provence, 1994. Titre de soutenance : Émigration séculaire et émigration mythique, la colonisation alsacienne et lorraine en Algérie de 1850 à 1914.Bibliogr. p. 167-172.
6
Phouxay, Kabmanivanh. "Patterns of migration and socio-economic change in Lao PDR." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Kulturgeografiska institutionen, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-37321.
Abstract:
The aim of the thesis is to investigate patterns and consequences of internal and international migration in Laos during the period 1985-2005 on both a macro-and a micro-level. The thesis focuses on the influences of socio-economic change and government policies on inter-regional and rural-urban migration as well as on crossborder migration from Laos to Thailand. The study also examines the effects of migration and industrial factory work on gender relations during economic transition and consequences of undocumented migration to Thailand. The background consists of a discussion on socio-economic change within the country and on government policies influencing migration patterns, as well as on how socio-economic change, urbanization and industrialization in the region affect internal and international migration in Laos. The thesis consists of three empirical studies which derive from different sources of data; the first is based on Population Censuses in 1995 and 2005 and the second and the third draw from empirical surveys in 2004-2005 and 2006. Paper I focuses on how socioeconomic factors and government policies influence migration patterns in Laos. The paper found that the interregional migration rate decreased in the later census period. This was due to significantly higher rural-rural migration in the earlier period, which in turn was influenced by various types of government policies. Papers II and III are based on micro surveys; paper II focuses on an urban industrial area in Vientiane Capital and explores the current feminization of rural-urban migrations during economic transition with specific focus on the effects of industrial work on gender roles and status of women as industrial workers. Industrial work was seen by the women as temporary jobs for saving money, for sending remittances, and for either returning home or moving to other jobs in Vientiane or Thailand. Paper III is based on surveys in three provinces, and deals with undocumented migration from Laos to Thailand and its consequences. Different income levels, existing social networks, similar language and socio-cultural backgrounds were determinants of cross-border migrations. The study found that migrants who had contacts with informal brokers were highly exposed to risks of human trafficking and violence.
7
Amador, Sarah. "Pratiques socio-environnementales, projets et stratégies adaptatives en migration temporaire." Paris 5, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA05H028.
Abstract:
Cette recherche porte sur les stratégies adaptatives de l'individu en situation de migration temporaire. Le séjour migratoire est envisagé comme une transition durant laquelle l'individu est amené à s'inscrire dans le milieu d'accueil. L'appropriation sélective de l'espace urbain est un processus de construction de ressources sociales en situation de migration transitoire. L'adaptation a été opérationnalisé au travers des valeurs permettant de conférer un sens au séjour et de la trajectoire de vie perçue sur l'ensemble de la période migratoire. L'enquête porte sur 225 femmes des Philippines travaillant comme aide à domicile à Hong Kong. Les résultats mettent en évidence différentes stratégies adaptatives au sein même de la communauté migrante. La pratique d'un cadre d'insertion donné varie selon la période de séjour dans la ville d'accueil et le projet migratoire global, et renforce l'identité particulière des groupes qui le fréquente et contribue à leur homogénéité interneIn order to identify relevant variables for the study of psychological adjustments in temporary migration, we carried out an investigation in Hong Kong among women from the Philippines working as Domestics Helpers for local families. In-depth interviews were carried out with women in various community settings to find out how they made sense of migration experience. Recurring themes among participants were (i) migrant life paths, i. E, expectations for the future in light of past life experiences in the country of origin and the present living conditions in the host city, and (ii) migrant imagery, i. E, conceptions of the migrant's role in temporary migration, especially with regard to the financial gain involved. Further data was collected by way of a questionnaire from a total the host city as they consider their place in the local social structure that they must adjust to, albeit temporarily
8
Laurens, Sylvain. "Hauts fonctionnaires et immigration en France (1962-1981) : socio-histoire d'une domination à distance." Paris, EHESS, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006EHES0102.
Abstract:
Cette thèse se propose d'analyser les rapports entre l'État et l'immigration en France des années 1962 à 1981 en prenant pour focale la contribution de la haute fonction publique à un mode de domination étatico-national. Elle se donne pour objet les processus par lesquels les agents de l'État, situés à la charnière entre espace politique et administratif, ont pu participer à une repolitisation de l'immigration, dès les années 1960 et avant même l'essor électoral du Front National. Elle se propose d'étudier, ce faisant, l'ensemble des transformations structurelles (énarchisation, décolonisation, triomphe d'une nouvelle perception des rapports économiques) qui ont rendu possible la constitution, au sein de l'État, de groupements partiels des hauts fonctionnaires susceptibles de jouer un rôle décisif dans la reformulation de ce problème socialThis thesis analyses the relationship between the State and immigration in France from 1962 to 1981 and specifically the contribution of the Higher civil service to a mode of state domination within the frame of the nation. It focuses on the processes through wich these agents of the State, located in the intersection of the political and administrative spaces, have contributed to repoliticizing immigration since the 1960s, well before the electoral successes of the National Front. In so doing, it sheds light along the way on the structural transformations (decolonisation, the increasing influence of the ENA - administration grande école - or the advent of a new perception of economic relations) that have enabled the constitution within the State of subgroups of higher civil servants in a position to play a decisive role in the formulation of that social problem
9
Crespo, Gérard. "Les italiens en algerie, 1830-1960 : histoire et sociologie d'une migration." Paris, EHESS, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998EHESA004.
Abstract:
En 1886, on recensait en algerie 211000 etrangers europeens. Parmi eux, le groupe italien comptait 44315 individus. C'etait la deuxieme communaute derriere les espagnols. Curieusement elle n'avait pas ete etudiee depuis 1905. Malgre la loi de naturalisation de 1889,1e nombre des italiens, apres une baisse inevitable, remonta en 190l et en 1911, signe indubitable de l'attraction que suscitait l'algerie. En 1914,les italiens, fraichement naturalises ou pas representaient 1 europeen sur 10. Cette these a pour propos de determiner qui etaient ces emigrants, de quelles regions d'italie ils venaient, ou ils se fixerent en algerie, comment ils se sont fondus dans la societe coloniale et quelle perception de cette communaute nous avons garde entre 1930 et 1960 alors que la migration s'etait progressivement tarie. Entre 1830 et 1850 ce sont surtout des aveturiers et des pecheurs qui debarquent en algerie. Mal vus de l'administration francaise ils apportent peu a la colonisation. Mais avec le second empire et le marechal randon soucieux de fixer un peuplement, ce sont des terrassiers, des macons des architectes qui contribuent au developpement des infra-structures en algerie. Plus tard avec la mise en valeur des mines, des sardes et des piemontais debarquent. Population essentiellement urbaine, les italiens ont egalement le monopole de la peche et des activites maritimes. Apres la premiere guerre mondiale le courant migratoire se tarit. En 1936 on recense 21009 italiens et en 1951 moins de 10000. Toutefois si leur nombre diminue progressivement, on les reconnait regroupes en micro-communautes a alger, bone, philippeville ou ils ont sauvegarde parfois la langue, souvent leurs traditionsIn 1886, there were in french algeria 211000 europeans foreigners. Among them, italians were 44315. It was the second community behind spanish. But there was no study since 1905. In spite of naturalization's law of 1889, italian's number grew in 1901 and in 1911, undoubted indication of algeria's attraction. In 1914, italians and recent naturalized represented 10 % of europeans. This thesis relates the history of italians in algeria. When they arrived, from where province of italia they came, where in algeria they settled, and how italian's migration were inscribed into the french colonial society. Between 1830 and 1850, adventurers and fishers land in algeria. With the second empire and governor randon who want settle a population, there are many navvies, masons, architects who contribute at colonial developpment. When french discover mineral of iron and phosphate, it's workmen native in sardinia and piedmont who arrive. Italian population is essentialy urban. They are settled in littoral and have fishing monopoly. After the first world war, the migration cease progressivly. In 1936, there are 21009 italians and in 1951 only 10000. However, if the number reduce, italians offer a visibility trough their language they use at times, and trough the traditions they preserve in the great towns : alger, bone, philippeville
10
Farouk, Abdelhalim E. El. "Internal migration in the Sudan : some demographic and socio-economic aspects." Thesis, Durham University, 1991. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/6171/.
Abstract:
The outstanding characteristics of the population geography of the Sudan are seen in its vastness of the area, its low population density, its high population fertility, decreasing mortality rates and uneven distribution of developmental projects among its regions. All these have important effects upon the economic and de mographic characteristics of its population. They also underline the uneven distribution of the country's population, as a result of which large-scale migration movements occur. Three types of population movements in the Sudan are discussed; inter-provincial movements, rural-urban migration and seasonal migration for cotton picking in the Gezira scheme. In the discussion of the first type, the analysis covers issues related to the general levels of movements amongst the 18 provinces of the country, rates of in- and out-migration in each province and their net migration balances. Also, it discusses the spatial structure of the movement, and some gaining and losing provinces are singled out. The impacts of the movements and their selective nature are also revealed. Rural-urban migration to the capital city of Khartoum is studied using the 1983 census data, other published data and the author's 1988/89 survey of migrant households in the city. The scale of the migration and the characteristics of the migrants are analyzed. Additionally, the structure of the migrant households, literacy, occupation contrasts and links with the village are investigated. The reasons behind the migration decision and the reward of the rural-urban migration are also shown. Seasonal migration is discussed to disclose the nature of the movement and its patterns which are associated with the cotton picking operation in the Gezira scheme. The types of labour involved and labour market conditions are also investigated. The findings verified the seasonality of the movement to the scheme and the consistent relationship between migrants and tenants in the scheme.
11
Barbosa, Pablo. "(En)quête de la "Terre sans Mal" : histoire et migration d'un mythe." Paris, EHESS, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014EHES0612.
Abstract:
Le mythe apapocúva-guarani de la « Terre sans Mal » surgit dans la littérature américaniste sous la plume de Curt Unkel Nimuendajú en 1914. Dans ce livre qui a marqué profondément les études contemporaines sur les Guarani, Nimuendaju postulait que les migrations des groupes guarani au XIXe siècle depuis le Mato Grosso vers l’est s’expliquaient en fonction de la recherche du paradis perdu qu’est la « Terre sans Mal ». Il suggérait ensuite que la même explication pouvait être appliquée aux « migrations » de nombreux groupes tupi-guarani à l’époque coloniale, voire précolombienne. La suggestion a été prise au pied de la lettre par Alfred Métraux et, après lui par de nombreux chercheurs. La « Terre sans Mal » est ainsi devenue le pilier de la religiosité guarani, et un thème obligé des ouvrages anthropologiques. Ce n’est qu’au cours des deux dernières décennies que des critiques plus ou moins fortes ont vu le jour, s’insurgeant contre l’utilisation, jugée abusive, d’un mythe particulier pour interpréter des religiosités différentes ou des migrations espacées de plusieurs siècles. Ces critiques ont cependant laissé intactes les bases de l’hypothèse de Nimuendajú et n’ont pas repris le dossier des migrations du XIXe siècle. C’est à reprendre ce dossier fondateur des études guarani que s’attache cette thèse. Loin de prendre parti dans le débat, il s’agit d’opérer un double mouvement de contextualisation. Replacer d’une part les « migrations » du XIXe siècle dans leur contexte historique, en particulier les politiques indigénistes du moment ; reconstruire d’autre part la démarche et les circonstances qui ont permis à Nimuendajú, soixante ans après ces migrations, d’émettre son hypothèse. Ce travail ne permet pas seulement une relecture de la « Terre sans Mal » : il pose aussi les jalons pour une relecture de la religiosité guarani et la place qu’elle a prise dans les études contemporainesThe Apapocuva-Guarani myth of the "land without evil" appears in Americanist litterature as penned by Curt Unkel Nimuendaju in 1914. In his book that goes on to deeply influence contemporary studies of the Guarani, Nimuendaju suggests that it is possible to understand the "historical migrations" of many Tupi-Guarani groups through the search for the lost paradise that was once the "land without evil". The idea was then embraced by Alfred métraux, and after him by many researchers such as Egon Schaden, Pierre and Hélène Clastres and Léon Cadogan. The "land without evil" has become a mainstay of Guarani religious studies, and an unavoidable theme in anthropological literature. It was only during the past two decades that strong criticism has emerged, in particular, the critiques of Cristina Pompa, Francisco Noelli and catherine Julien who protest the use, deemed abusive, of a single myth to interpret different religiosities or migrations occuring over several centuries. These critiques, however, were directed more towards Métraux and his idea of "Tupi-Guarani Civilization" rather than Nimuendaju. Paradoxically, the more that the "land without evil" became known, the more the "original" myth of Apapocuva has become forgotten. This doctoral thesis aims to examine this founding framework of Guarani studies. Far from taking sides in the debate, it strives to situate the myth and the Apopacuva in their historical context based on oral testimony, previously unpublished writings of Nimuendaju himself, and a corpus of documents from the second hald of the nineteenth century - contemporary with the migrations described by Nimuendaju. This work does not only allow for a new reading of the "land without evil"; it also sets the stage for a new reading of Guarani religion and the role that it has taken in anthropological and historical studies
12
Das, Yasodhara. "Socio-Economic aspects of migration from rural India: study of West Bengal." Thesis, University of North Bengal, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/2832.
13
Kowalczuk, Katarzyna. "Population growth in a high amenity area : migration and socio-economic change in Cornwall." Thesis, University of Plymouth, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/323.
Abstract:
The thesis provides a deeper understanding of migration flows to high amenity areas using the example of migration to and from Cornwall. Cornwall is a remote, non-metropolitan county which has been experiencing very strong population growth since the 1970s almost solely due to in-migration. There are several aspects of the project that should contribute to an understanding of internal migration in England and Wales. First, a cohort analysis of migrants brings insights into the migration strategies of in-migrants and out-migrants throughout the period. Using the case of Cornwall allows the examination of migration patterns in a peripheral location where commuting opportunities are limited, and allows comparison with a more accessible rural area, Wiltshire. Secondly, through the creation of a new area type classification the project helps to explore the environmental dimension of migration. The typology is used to investigate the residential patterns of migrants and non-migrants and to test the hypothesis that environmental preferences are significant in the choice by in-migrants of where to live. Finally, The research investigates some pressing issues in Cornwall, issues which are relevant also for other non-metropolitan areas, such as the shortage of affordable housing, the detrimental impact of tourism and poor economic development, and their links with migration. The research focuses especially on labour market problems and housing need, due to their policy relevance. Comparisons between the migrant and non-migrant populations provide the basis for estimating the impacts of migration on the restructuring of labour and housing markets in Cornwall.
14
Simon, Valérie. "La migration des étudiants maghrébins en France et ses transformations (1962-1994)." Paris 7, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA070113.
Abstract:
La migration des étudiants algériens, marocains et tunisiens en France et l'évolution de ce phénomène depuis la fin des indépendances est le produit d'une série de changements qui touchent les sociétés de départ et la société d'accueil. Elle constitue un des aspects des relations nord-sud et de l'internationalisation progressive du marché de l'emploi et de la formation, dans un contexte marque par la construction européenne. Cette recherche se propose d'analyser les transformations de la migration étudiante maghrébine, l'évolution de sa signification tant au niveau des pays de départ que d'arrivée et de mettre en évidence les différents acteurs qui ont participé à modifier ce phénomène. La venue d'étudiants maghrébins en France n'est pas seulement le fait de comportements individuels, elle résulte aussi de l'histoire générale des pays du Maghreb, des liens entretenus avec la France et des stratégies développées par les pouvoirs en place. Parmi les facteurs qui influent sur la mobilité des étudiants figurent par exemple, les politiques nationales en matière d'enseignement et d'attribution de bourses pour l'étranger, les politiques bilatérales de coopération et l'évolution des conditions juridiques dans lesquelles s’effectue la migrationAlgerian, moroccan and tunisian students' migration towards France and the development of this phenomenon since the end of the independences is the result of a series of changes that affect both the society of departure and the country of welcome. This migration composes one of the important aspects of the north-south relationship and the progressive internationalization of the labour market and of formation in a context marked by the european construction. This research suggests to analyse the transformation of the students' migration from the Maghreb, the evolution of its meaning at the level of country of departure on the one hand ant at the level of the country of welcome on the other hand, and further to emphasize the different factors which helped in the modification of the phenomenon. The arrival of north african students to France is not only due to individual behaviours, but it also results from the general history of the countries from Maghreb, the links kept up with France and the strategies developed by the powers in place. Among the factors which have an influence on the students' mobility are for instance the national policies concerning the education and the allocation of students' grants for foreign countries, the bilateral policies of cooperation and the evolution of legal conditions of migration
15
Byron, Margaret H. "The Caribbean-Britain migration cycle : migrant goals, social networks and socio-economic structure." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.332907.
16
Sander, Monika. "Migration and health empirical analyses based on the German socio-economic panel study (SOEP) /." kostenfrei, 2009. http://www.opus-bayern.de/uni-bamberg/volltexte/2009/196/.
17
Gainza, Coralie. "Socio-economic Selective Migration and Counter-Urbanisation : A case-study of the Stockholm area." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för geografi och ekonomisk historia, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-76704.
Abstract:
This study investigates the relocation behaviours of out-movers of deprived areas in the region of Stockholm, Sweden. The research is motivated by the concerns raised by deprived and segregated neighbourhoods in relation to a social fragmentation and an unsuccessful socio-economic inclusion of all citizens. Some researches affirm that the out-movers of deprived neighbourhoods tend to be more integrated than the stayers or the individual moving in such neighbourhoods. And if some studies are concerned about their prospective, they have been restricted to their destinations’ socio-economic features and dismissed any spatial approach.This study aims to analyse flows’ direction and features as well as the areas of destination such as to identify processes of selective migration and how socio-spatial disparities are (re)produced. A specific attention is given to counter-urban movements and their possible correlation to “preservation” objectives: The possible migration of lower classes toward peripheries in order to access a better living environment and avoid a forced economic selective migration toward the urban most deprived neighbourhoods.Descriptive and inferential statistics with binary logistic regressions enabled to put into exergue the selective migration among movers, between the counter-urban and the others but also among counter-urban. If most movers remain in the urban core and in an almost deprived area, a substantial proportion seeks to combine to a move “up” the social ladder (a better suited neighbourhood), a “downward” migration on the urban hierarchy (a move toward the peripheries). And the regression confirms that among this population, a segment is statically significantly disadvantaged and remains in rental after the move.Scholars should consider such evidences by including a spatial dimension to their studies on segregation, neighbourhood sorting processes and selective migration. And most importantly, the results of this study invite them to reassess the traditional life-style and life-cycle explanations of counter-urbanisation in favour of an economic driven migration.
18
Do, nascimento Anthony. "Une Histoire de l'émigration, de l'immigration et de la colonisation japonaise au Brésil (1895-1942) : une autre histoire du Japon." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSE3042.
Abstract:
L’émigration internationale de la main-d’œuvre japonaise signe ses débuts au commencement de l’ère Meiji (1868-1912), soit en l’an 1868. Quant à elle, l’histoire de l’émigration, de l’immigration et de la colonisation japonaise au Brésil débute en 1908, lorsque le Kasato Maru (« Vapeur Kasato ») quitte le port de Kôbe pour acheminer les premiers immigrés japonais destinés à travailler sur les plantations caféières de l’État du São Paulo. L’objectif de cette thèse est de montrer que du point de ses agents (personnel politique et compagnie de l’émigration notamment), l’émigration, l’immigration et la colonisation japonaise au Brésil étaient vouées à remplir une mission de premier plan dans la construction du Japon dans l’outremer, notamment en participant activement à l’expansion économique de l’Archipel à l’étranger. Elle a pour point de départ un constat établi par Môri Kôichi, selon lequel la migration des travailleurs Japonais au Brésil, et partant dans l’outremer en général, est trop souvent ignorée par l’historiographie japonaise, alors que selon lui elle compte parmi les processus politiques et économiques qui ont favorisé l’émergence de l’Etat-Nation du Japon, depuis les débuts de l’ère Meiji (1868-1912) et au moins jusqu'à la fin de la Seconde Guerre mondiale. Elle repose sur l’idée mise en avant par Nancy L. Green et François Weil, selon laquelle l’histoire migratoire est majoritairement écrite par les pays d’immigration, alors qu’elle mériterait également d’être traitée par les pays d’émigration, dont les « politiques de départ » élaborées par leurs gouvernements révèlent bien que ceux-ci entendaient associer la double entreprise migratoire et coloniale (de type pacifique et agricole) à la construction nationale – et c’est également le cas, nous le croyons, au Japon. Notre travail emprunte sa méthodologie au cadre des études historiques, et repose essentiellement sur l’analyse des archives diplomatiques du Japon relatives à l’émigration, l’immigration et la colonisation japonaise à l’étranger. D’autres documents d’archives en langues japonaise et portugaise viennent compléter le corpus archivistique constitué à cet effet. La thèse est structurée chronologiquement autour de trois périodes. La première, située entre 1868 et 1908, est dédiée au traitement historique des prémices de l’émigration japonaise, et plus notamment aux processus de négociations qui aboutit à l’entame officielle des liens diplomatiques entre le Japon et le Brésil. La seconde, couvrant les années 1910, traite des débuts de l’immigration, mais aussi de la colonisation agricole japonaise au Brésil. Enfin, la troisième propose un traitement complet des années 1920 et 1930 ; deux décennies déterminantes marquées par la montée du nationalisme brésilien, et au cours de laquelle le gouvernement du Japon reprend le contrôle des processus migratoires grâce à la promulgation d’une politique d’aide et d’encouragement à l’émigration en 1925The Japanese labor emigration is a phenomenon that has occurred as soon as the Meiji Era has been proclaimed, in 1868, when the Archipelago decided to open its doors to the world. Japanese emigration to Brazil began in 1908 when 781 contracted farmers arrived at the port of Santos in the state of São Paulo. The present dissertation aims at showing that emigration, immigration and colonization in Brazil were designed by its main actors (such as politicians and emigration companies) as a mean for the expansion of Japanese economy abroad, and, in that regard, can be considered to have contributed to the nation-building of Japan. This works rests upon a conclusion drew up by Mori Kôichi, who argues that Japanese emigration to Brazil, but also in the whole world, is not much analyzed by Japanese historians, even though, according to him, it appears to have been one of the main process that supported the emergence of Japan’s State, from the very beginning of the Meiji Era (1868-1912) to the eve of World War II. Its premises rest upon the idea that the history of migrations is mainly written by the receiving countries, however it should also be the concern of sending countries, whose “departure policies” revealed that emigration and agrarian colonization were designed to contribute to the sender State-building process – and we believe this was also true for Japan. The present dissertation borrows the methodological framework of historical studies and, for its major part, rests upon the use of Japan’s diplomatic records dealing with the Japanese emigration, immigration and colonization in Brazil from 1895 to 1942. It is chronologically structured around three periods. The first part, from 1868 and 1908, the focuses on the beginning of the Japanese emigration to Brazil, that is the establishment of diplomatic relations between Japan and Brazil and the organization process of the first departure of Japanese emigrants to Brazil. The second part, from 1908 to 1920, describes the start of both Japanese emigration and Japan’s agricultural colonization in Brazil. The third part finally deals with the Japanese emigration, immigration and colonization during the 1920s and the 1930s; two important decades characterized by the rise of nationalism in Brazil on one hand, and on the other by the active promotion of emigration by Japan’s government, via the implementation of a national policy of emigration in 1925
19
Merilus, Jean-Yves R. "HAITIAN IMMIGRANTS IN DOMINICA: A DEVELOPING RELATIONSHIP." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1282165611.
20
Gesese, Kassahun Tegegne. "Migration and socio-demographic determinants of women's reproductive health services utilization in North Gondar, Ethiopia." Thesis, University of Leicester, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/35979.
Abstract:
The reproductive health problems of migrant women are a growing concern, especially in developing countries. The empirical literature indicates that migration characteristics (e.g., selection, adaptation and disruption) and migrant’s socio-demographic backgrounds are the potential pathway through which migration can affect reproductive health care services utilization. This study aimed to examine the effect of migration on women’s reproductive health care service utilization and to identify the major barriers that affect migrant women’s access to quality reproductive health care services. The study aim and objectives were achieved using two studies. Study one comprises a secondary analysis of the 2005 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey (EDHS). The EDHS was administered to women aged 15-49 years and a total of 14,070 women were interviewed and study two was a primary survey conducted in Dabat rural areas and Gondar town. A total of 1800 women were interviewed: 500 women from Dabat rural areas and 1300 women from Gondar town. Both surveys were employed a cross-sectional survey design. The two studies found that rural to urban migrants were relatively lower in knowledge and use of reproductive health care services compared to urban natives, but more likely to know and use of services than rural natives. The primary study also found that among migrant women, those who registered as kebele residents were more likely to know of, or utilize contraceptives and maternal health care services compared with non-registered migrants. To ensure the reproductive health care access of migrants, the urban kebele administrative offices should revise the policies that demand migrants to be registered as a kebele residents and having a kebele identification card to be eligible for social, economic and health care benefits. Therefore, the policy makers should target the disadvantaged groups of migrants to provide equal opportunities to access health care services.
21
Trajani, Arjel. "Return migration and Reintegration in Albania : Returnees’ perspective on the topic of return migration and reintegration." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Institutionen för globala politiska studier (GPS), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-43760.
Abstract:
Albanians are known for their long legacy in migrating worldwide for economic reasons, especially in Europe. Yet, return programs and policies are falling behind to meet the needs of those migrants who decides to return to their home country. The aim of this study is to explore the topic of return migration and reintegration in the context of Albanian migrants. To this end, this thesis answers three research questions: 1) What are the forces driving Albanians to emigrate from their country of origin? 2) What are reasons that Albanians return to their country of origin? 3) What are the challenges that Albanian returnees face during the reintegration process in Albania? The main theoretical lenses adapted by this study are the social network theory, the theory of reintegration, and push-pull factors. Through a qualitative research, based on semi-structured interviews, this study identifies as pull factors of migration higher paying jobs and employment opportunities, while recognising educational systems and labour laws as push factors. Furthermore, discrimination and unsuccessful acculturation resulted as key drivers of return. Finally, this study investigates dysfunctional systems, unresponsive public institutions, and economic difficulties as significant challenges throughout returnees’ reintegration.
22
Langlois, Lise. "Reproduction sociale à l'Île d'Orléans stratégies, transmission du patrimoine et migrations sous le régime français." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/mq21783.pdf.
23
Igbokwe, Gordon. "A study of the Socio-Economic Integration of Highly-Skilled Nigerian Migrants in Cape Town." University of the Western Cape, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/7317.
Abstract:
Philosophiae Doctor - PhDMigration is an important topic, not only for researchers in South Africa, but also for policymakers and the media. It is an issue at the top of the national and international agenda. In the debate on migration and the literature, voices of migrants themselves remain mostly unheard. The public perceptions and policy-making are often based on fear, stereotypes and common myths rather than reality. In this study, the researcher aimed to examine the socio-economic integration challenges of highly-skilled Nigerian migrants and how they may help contribute their skills towards the socioeconomic development of South Africa to potentially inform the national migration policy, as well as future research. Methodologically, the researcher conducted a mixed-method study using an interpretive paradigm. Data were derived from 22 semi-structured interviews and six in-depth interviews. The study used a combination of purposive and snowballing sampling techniques, where semi-structured and in-depth interviews, as well as observations, were also carried out. Data gathered were analysed using thematic analysis.
24
Martínez-Acchini, Leonardo Miguel. "Hidden People, Hidden Identity: socio-cultural and Linguistic change among Quechua migrants in lowland Bolivia." University of Florida, 2017. http://dspace.unila.edu.br/123456789/2894.
Abstract:
A dissertation presented to the graduate school of the University of Florida in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. 2009Submitted by Leonardo Martinez-Acchini (leonardo.acchini@unila.edu.br) on 2017-11-01T01:49:38Z No. of bitstreams: 1 martineza_l.pdf: 1737664 bytes, checksum: a522807aa2f99a94e70dedfdaee49734 (MD5)
Made available in DSpace on 2017-11-01T01:49:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 martineza_l.pdf: 1737664 bytes, checksum: a522807aa2f99a94e70dedfdaee49734 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009
This research is about cultural and linguistic change among western Bolivian highland and valley peasants who have been migrating to the country’s eastern lowlands in the recent years, a very widespread phenomenon in developing economies of the Andean neo-tropics today. In particular, I want to know how Quechua-speaking people from the highlands and valleys adapt to lowland culture; which ethnic traits and linguistic resources they keep, and which ones they abandon; and which strategies they utilize to ease the process of adaptation. The results indicate that highland migrants who settled in the lowland community of Cuatro Cañadas (department of Santa Cruz) speak less Quechua among themselves, and especially with their children, although they assign great importance to the maintenance of this language. Four specific cultural practices that were selected as indicators of Quechua mode of life were measured and analyzed. The results indicate that there is a substantial reduction of these practices in the lowlands. Also, inter-ethnic marriage (highlanders seeking lowlanders), thought to be an important strategy of adaptation, was found to be a preference for a reduced proportion of both the single migrant population and the married population. Therefore, migrants in Cuatro Cañadas are reducing their traditional linguistic behavior and the practice of specific cultural traditions, but their alliance patterns are still somewhat conservative. In spite of this process of acculturation, the theoretical framework used in this research argues that highland migrants do not fully own Cuatro Cañadas: they are trapped between traditional, modern and globalizing codes, and just embrace the hybrid nature of their identities, which makes them speak and behave in certain ways depending on which ethnic identity they want to activate.
25
Saarensilta, Timo. "Will you come back? : Quantitative analysis of return migration among Swedes born 1978." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Kulturgeografi, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-123214.
Abstract:
This paper is exploring return migration in Sweden by implementing logistic regression technics on the cohort born 1978. In order to evaluate how socio-economic and geographical characteristics influence individuals propensities to re-circulate to the municipality of origin. Previous studies have indicated that socio-economic status is a selective trait that can either push or pull return migrants, depending on the setting. The theory of urban hierarchies was also applied to investigate if people were more likely to move back to certain region types. The calculations showed that 22 % of the movers had returned to their place of origin, with regional variations ranging from 18-30 %. The regression result revealed that a high socio-economic status decreased the likelihood of returning, while growing up in metropolitan city and having strong social capital in the place of origin increased the propensity. The findings were further supporting that movers have higher incomes than stayers, while return migrants gained less on their re-location in relation to all movers. I argue that these varying likelihoods depend on structural socio-economic divisions, which are pulling human capital to the metropolitan regions and causing a brain drain in the periphery. These population trends are replicating themselves over time and it is assumed that these processes are to enforce the regional disparities in the future.
26
Beiki, Omid. "Cancer and migration : epidemiological studies on relationship between country of birth, socio-economic position and cancer /." Stockholm, 2010. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2010/978-91-7409-825-9/.
27
Das, Smita. "Socio-Economic Opportunities and Deprivation Outcomes: Inter-Group Differences in Poverty, Employment and Migration in India." Thesis, Ulster University, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.490301.
Abstract:
The nature and extent of poverty in India is well documented. However, in spite of it being increasingly recognised that deprivation is a multidimensional phenomenon and could be related to the prevailing social relations, most studies in India have explored only its economic dimension adopting the traditional income poverty line approach. The present research tries to broaden the framework of poverty analysis first by adopting a multi-dimensional view of poverty and secondly by relating poverty to India's socio-religious structure, with particular emphasis on the role of discrimination on socio-religious grounds. Thus, the major objective of the study is to explain the persistence of poverty among specific population groups in India in the light of the country's socio-religious structure by examining and quantifying the role of discrimination. The findings of the study reveal that the level of deprivation faced by individuals is greatly influenced by both their religious persuasion and caste denomination. As a result, there exist. wide disparities even within the same caste or religious group. The Scheduled Tribes (STs), Scheduled Castes (SCs) and Muslims are found to be the most deprived communities. Although considerable discrimination occurs against the extremely deprived STs and SCs, generally speaking higher poverty of these socio-religious groups is more an outcome of their poor attributes (lack of education, in particular). In fact, there appears to be no explicit discrimination against STs and SCs in the labour market, even though there is some evidence of discrimination against the Muslims. These groups also fail to benefit from migration due to their poor physical and human capital. On the whole, pulling these groups out of their current state of deprivation will primarily require improving their attributes, especially education. At the same time, it is also important to rid the society from prejudices against particular social groups.
28
Cameron, Michael Patrick. "The Relationship Between Poverty and HIV/AIDS in Rural Thailand." The University of Waikato, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10289/2570.
Abstract:
HIV/AIDS is a global pandemic with critical demographic, economic, and social implications. The pandemic is widespread in poor regions of the world, including Southeast Asia where its long-term effects are potentially catastrophic. Despite the major impacts of the epidemic being already felt at the household level in many countries, a lack of recognition of the socioeconomic determinants of HIV infection and the economic and social impacts of HIV/AIDS and their relationship with poverty persists. This is due in part to the lack of systematic studies at the household, community, sectoral, and macro levels. The thesis describes a 'vicious circle' between HIV/AIDS, poverty and high-risk behaviour at the individual level. In the poverty-HIV/AIDS cycle, HIV-infected individuals are especially vulnerable to poverty, the poor are more likely to engage in high-risk behaviour such as commercial sex work, and high-risk behaviour in turn makes people susceptible to HIV infection. The thesis examines whether rural Northeast Thailand exhibits characteristics that support the existence of such a cycle. Four key relationships are considered and tested: (i) the relationship between previous HIV infection and current wealth or poverty; (ii) the relationship betweem wealth or poverty and HIV/AIDS knowledge; (iii) the relationship between previous wealth or poverty and current HIV infection; and (iv) the relationship between previous migration and current HIV infection. All four relationships are shown to hold using survey data from Khon Kaen province in Northeast Thailand. Poverty is shown to increase susceptibility to HIV infection, and HIV/AIDS is shown to reduce wealth and hence increase poverty. Under the circumstances, the hypothesis that rural Northeast Thailand exhibits characteristics that would suggest the existence of a poverty-HIV/AIDS cycle cannot be rejected. This thesis also provides several key contributions to the literature on HIV/AIDS and poverty. First, it provides quantitative and qualitative empirical analysis of the impacts of HIV/AIDS on households in a moderately affected region of Thailand. Second, it provides empirical analysis both on whether wealth and poverty affect the risk of HIV infection, and whether HIV infection affects wealth and poverty. The results from this thesis also provide significant empirical evidence of the importance of rural-urban migration in the spread of HIV in Asia. Finally, the thesis investigates the potential effects on the poverty-HIV/AIDS cycle of an ongoing socio-economic intervention, namely breaking the poverty-HIV/AIDS cycle via intensive rural development.
29
Gitunu, Anthony Mwai Macharia. "Livestock production and food security in a changing socio-cultural environment due to involuntary relocation of agro-pastoralists into semi-arid areas of Makueni District, Kenya." Thesis, Bangor University, 1999. https://research.bangor.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/livestock-production-and-food-security-in-a-changing-sociocultural-environment-due-to-involuntary-relocation-of-agropastoralists-into-semiarid-areas-of-makueni-district-kenya(b6ab5db2-4635-4f58-a9d9-6b6ae0345155).html.
Abstract:
The literature on Human Resettlement and the socio-economic adjustment processes involved has been reviewed with special reference to planned and unplanned relocation and how models of social change apply to them. As a result of the findings of this study the investigator has concluded it by developing a unique 5-Step Socio-Economic Chan2e Model based on the unplanned involuntary relocation of agro-pastoralists within the semi-arid areas of Kenya. A study of the Kenyan resettlement at Muuni was carried out over two growing seasons in 1997/98. Detailed information on the social structure prevailing and of the social and economic practices was gathered. This information was supplemented by data recorded on the agricultural activities of a sample of 30 fanning households, each having 10 acres of land. This information was supplemented by data on rainfall and soil type. Income from non-farming activities was also gathered. Data has been summarised and analysed and results discussed in the light of previous findings. Among the principal findings were: • That the role livestock production plays in socio-economic processes of change in semi-arid areas of Malcueni District became secondary or even tertiary following change of land tenureship by relocating agro-pastoralists from areas of communal use of forage and water resources to small-scale private land holding areas. • That failure to plan the involuntary relocation of the approx. 1000 households involved had placed them in difficult circumstances. • Hardship was the result due to failing to appreciate the inadequate potential of the limited private areas allocated and/or to provide a sufficient water supply in the resettlement scheme. • That failure to plan for suitable livestock disease control measures, medical care and education in the area imposed additional burdens on the people. • That the people proved capable of alleviating their conditions and meeting short-term needs by undertaking a range of non-farming activities and by collaborating at critical times in the farming and other social cycles. • That the delayed issuance of land title deeds to the farming households placed the families in an inequitable position and restricted their right of free movement.
30
Pienswang, Longman Geoffrey. "A historical analysis of Nigeria-South Africa migration patterns since 1960: Implications for their socio-political and economic relations." Thesis, University of Zululand, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10530/1680.
Abstract:
A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Arts in fulfilment of the requirements of the Degree of Doctor Of Philosophy in the Department of History at the University of Zululand, 2017For over a century, cross border movement of people has been on-going between Nigeria and South Africa. Nigerians started immigrating to South Africa as early as 1905, and South African white Missionaries from the Dutch Reformed Church, on the invitation of the Sudan United Mission, for evangelical work. The missionaries from South Africa were assigned the Benue region of Nigeria for missionary evangelical work. By 1911, they were at Sai a Tiv village where they established the first mission station. These missionaries introduced modern education based on western civilisation to the area and introduced new seedlings that led to the transformation of agriculture in the Benue region. They also introduced modern medical practice that eradicated leprosy and other diseases that were rampant and brought in modern architecture to the Benue region. They established the NKST church which is widely spread among the Tiv and across central Nigeria. The study discusses the role of Nigeria in undermining the apartheid regime from 1960, which also coincided with the Sharpeville massacre. Nigeria spent its resources in the fight against apartheid. In doing that, Nigeria did not only engage apartheid South Africa alone but used the instrument of diplomatic relation in canvassing support on the international scale through the United Nations, the Commonwealth and the formation of the OAU which was largely funded by the Nigerian government. This research reveals Nigeria’s role in the de-colonisation process of not only apartheid South Africa but also the entire Southern African region. The study analyses the patterns of migration between the two countries and examine the implication of this migration on the socio-political and economic relationship since 1960. Relying on a qualitative methodology, the study uses the principle of saturation to interview participants; it also relies on archival records in addition to current literature on the phenomenon. The study used the Push pull and transnational migration theory for analysis. This study argues that although the migration phenomenon existed for over a century, the two countries are still engaged in frosty relationship expressed through xenophobic violence, drug trafficking, and human rights abuses. It also argues that the fundamental reason for this xenophobic attack can be traced in South Africa’s apartheid history, which left a society where black South Africans were separated from each other, and that the South African blacks came out of apartheid as landless poor peasants. Although the instrument of power lies in their hands, the economy is still largely controlled by the white minorities. The study concludes with a clarion call on the Nigerian and South African governments to reawaken Pan-Africanism that the continent is known for and to reinvigorate the African Ubuntu which seeks the welfare of an African brotherhood - that Africa is better together than disunited. Africa should work more on factors that unite them rather than on what divide them. In unity, the continent’s hopes for integration in economic, political and diplomatic relations will be realised.
31
Schneider, Christian Elias. "Orientation towards Asia Pacific or Europe - Political, economic and socio-cultural aspects of the current discourse on identity in New Zealand." St. Gallen, 2006. http://www.biblio.unisg.ch/org/biblio/edoc.nsf/wwwDisplayIdentifier/02604973001/$FILE/02604973001.pdf.
32
Federici, Anna. "Écrivaines italiennes de la migration balkanique." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016TOU20018/document.
Abstract:
En déclinant la sémantique du mot latin « medium », nous remarquons la présence de certaines caractéristiques de la littérature italienne rédigée par les auteures d’origine balkanique. La thèse qui s’intitule « Écrivaines italiennes de la migration balkanique », est un travail qui se sert d’outils propres, tant à la littérature et à la linguistique qu’à la géographie humaine. Le but de la thèse étant d’analyser le corpus intégral des écrivaines de récits ou de romans en langue italienne, arrivées en Italie suite à la vague migratoire des années Quatre-vingt-dix en provenance de la Péninsule balkanique. De ce fait, « médiane » est la position géopolitique de la région, entre la « terre promise » européenne et l’« Orient », deux mythes créés par l’Occident colonisateur ; ces écrivaines « subalternes » revêtent ainsi le rôle de « médiatrices » qui, après avoir reconstruit leur identité singulière dans un ouvrage autobiographique, se font porte-paroles d’instances collectives, en employant une prose de genre réaliste ; pour finir, l’idiome italien est le « moyen » choisi pour formuler une littérature désormais mature qui, dans certains cas, donne lieu à des motifs inattendus d’empreinte fantastico-surréelleAs we inflect the semantics of the Latin noun "medium", we feel we unearth some of the characteristics of Italian literature as female writers from the Balkans compiled it. The thesis, titled Italian female writers from the Balkan migration, is a work that exploits devices borrowed from literature, linguistics and human geography alike, aiming at analysing the complete corpus of authors of short stories and novels in Italian who arrived to Italy following the migration wave that swept the Balkan peninsula in the nineties. "Median" is the geopolitical position of the region, sitting between the European "promised land" and the "East", both myths created by the colonising West; "mediator" is the role of these "subordinate" writers who, having reconstructed an individual identity in their autobiographic works, herald collective messages through a realist prose; lastly, the "medium" is the Italian language chosen to formulate a literature that can sometimes bring to life unexpected fantastic and surrealistic motifs
Declinando la semantica del sostantivo latino “medium”, ci sembra di scovare alcune delle caratteristiche della letteratura italiana redatta da scrittrici d’origine balcanica. La tesi dal titolo Scrittrici italiane della migrazione balcanica è un lavoro che si serve degli strumenti propri tanto alla letteratura e alla linguistica che alla geografia umana, al fine di analizzare il corpus completo delle autrici di racconti brevi o romanzi in lingua italiana, giunte in Italia al seguito di quell’ondata emigratoria che negli anni Novanta scosse la Penisola balcanica. “Mediana” è la posizione geopolitica della regione, a cavallo tra la “terra promessa” europea e l’“Oriente”, miti entrambi creati dall’Occidente colonizzatore; “mediatore” è il ruolo di quelle scrittrici “subalterne” che, dopo aver ricostruito un’identità singolare nell’opera autobiografica, si fanno portavoce d’istanze collettive servendosi di una prosa di genere realista; “mezzo”, infine, è l’idioma italiano scelto per formulare una letteratura matura che può dar luogo, in alcuni casi, ad inattese tinte fantastico-surrealiste
33
Orozalieva, Karina. "Impact of globalization on socio-economic and political development of the Central Asian countries." Scholar Commons, 2010. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/1730.
Abstract:
The main objective of this thesis is to understand the economic, social and political impacts of globalization on the Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan and Central Asian countries in general. The empirical studies based on panel data analyses and the case study on Kyrgyzstan demonstrate that the socio-economic effect of globalization on development of these countries is twofold. On the one hand benefits produced by globalization such as migration and remittances can be useful for economic development in the short run. They take a role of a "shock absorber" of the challenges that are associated with transition to a free market economy. On the other hand, their long term economic impacts can be negative especially in the areas of industry and export. Moreover, it can have a negative effect in the future creating a loss of human capital and distorting traditional forms of social structures within societies. The political impact of globalization is also dual.
The empirical analysis that is based on simple regression analysis demonstrates that adoption of liberal democracy model by Central Asian governments is not a necessary condition for successful economic growth. Countries can be democratic and have low or medium socio-economic development such as India or Ukraine. They also can be undemocratic and developed as China or Kazakhstan. To find a certain connection between democracy and development it is needed to look at other important economic, geo-political and social factors that can contribute to the development. On the other hand regional and global challenges produced by globalization forced Central Asian countries to find a political position that would satisfy interests of inside and outside actors as well as provide proper environment for stable political and economic development.
The descriptive analysis demonstrates that Central Asian countries chose the path of political integration and cooperation by being involved in regional institutions such as SCO and EEC. This strategy can help them to withstand challenges produced by globalization and promote political stability and economic growth in the region.
34
Mitra, Soumya. "Socio-Economic status and adaptation of migrant labourers from the plains to sikkims informal sector: studies on Singtam and Rangpo towns." Thesis, University of North Bengal, 2019. http://ir.nbu.ac.in/handle/123456789/4661.
35
Thiéry-Boumediene, Alima. "Les alternatives socio-économiques des jeunes femmes issues de l'immigration maghrébine en France." Paris 10, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA100008.
Abstract:
A partir d'une enquête de terrain, 50 initiatives sont retenues pour analyser l'insertion socio-économique d'une part, et les réponses face à une situation d'exclusion d'autre part, d'un public spécifique et particulièrement défavorisé : les jeunes femmes issues de l'immigration maghrébine en France. Ces actions soulignent leur volonté et leur détermination pour aller vers l'autonomie par la création de structures propres ou auto-organisation et responsabilisation écartent l'assistanat. Dans un premier temps, ces actions font l'objet d'une monographie et d'une typologie; dans un second temps un panorama d'ensemble est établi sur ce public afin de mieux le connaitre et de voir les méthodes utilisées. Ces expériences novatrices, appartenant en partie à l'économie sociale, permettent une remise en question de certaines pratiques de l'action sociale, une conscientisation des problèmes ainsi qu'une concrétisation de certaines valeurs (identité, utilité sociale et collective, solidarité. . . ) Dans l'articulation des différentes sphères de la société : économique, sociale, culturelle, politique. Ces actions d'insertion "par l'économique" créent une dynamique plus large, ont des conséquences au sein de la famille, de la communauté et de la société d'accueil, et visentOut of field-survey results, 50 initiatives have been chosen to study, firsthy, socio-economic integration and, secondly, responses made to an environment of exclusion in a specific, particularly underprivilegeol groups, namely, young women born to immigrants in France. These acts bring to light a determined will to approach autonomy through the creation of structures of their own, in which self-organization and the assumption of responsibility exclude recourse to welfare. In the first part, these acts are described and classified within a monograph; in the second part, an overview of the group is given in order to comprehend it and to examine the methods used. These innovative experiments belong in part to the social economy; they allow certain welfare practices to be called into question, problems to be fully realized, and such values as identity, social and collective usefulness, or solidarity to be concretized at the points where the different spheres of society-economic, social, cultural or political-meet. These acts of integration on an economic level lead to wider-ranging results; they have an impact on the family, the community and the host society. Their ultimate aim is genuine recognition of their participation in the society
36
Frenkiel, Stanislas. "Des footballeurs professionnels algériens entre deux rives : travailler en France, jouer pour l'Algérie (1954-2002)." Paris 11, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA113004.
Abstract:
Lors de cette recherche doctorale, nous avons mis en évidence les présences successives et majoritaires de trois générations de footballeurs professionnels algériens (les « migrants sportifs » de 1954 à 1972, les « migrants familiaux » de 1972 à 1988 et les « nés en France » de 1988 à 2002) dans les clubs français de première et seconde division. Pour écrire la socio-histoire de ces joueurs dans le Championnat de France (194 y travaillent de 1954 à 2002) et en équipe nationale algérienne, nous avons confronté diverses sources orales -une soixantaine d’entretiens « récits de vie » menés en France et en Algérie- et écrites : presse française et algérienne et archives personnelles des footballeurs, du C. I. O. , de la F. A. F. , de la F. I. F. A. , de la Ligue d’Alger de Football et du Musée de la Préfecture de Police de Paris. Du match France-Afrique du Nord au match France-Algérie, en combinant méthode prosopographique et reconstruction quantitative de cette population sportive, nous avons souhaité éclairer de manière inédite les migrations sportives complexes en articulant les facteurs socioculturels avec les conditions historiques de leurs productions. Ainsi, nous avons souligné le fait que ces migrations, entre la France et l’Algérie, sont conditionnées par la mise en jeu d’un capital sportif dans un marché concurrentiel et d’opportunités historiques à saisir. Outre l’existence indispensable de réseaux sportifs et extra-sportifs qui peuvent aider les joueurs à traverser la Méditerranée et à atteindre un pays relativement proche, ces migrations sportives s’expliquent par les perspectives socioéconomiques (permettant un espoir d’ascension sociale) et par des contextes politiques, dans un strict cadre fédéral et étatique réglementé en France et en Algérie. Au sein de cette relation historique entre ces deux pays qui pendant 132 ans n’en furent qu’un, ces migrations sportives s’expliquent aussi par des raisons culturelles que nous avons cherché à articuler avec celles évoquées précédemment. Autrement dit, les effets de double culture de ces footballeurs les poussent, quels que soient les pays où ils sont nés et ont grandi, à développer à la fois le désir de travailler dans le Championnat de France de football (« désir de France ») et celui de jouer pour l’équipe nationale algérienne (« désir d’Algérie »). À la période coloniale comme postcoloniale, cette acculturation à la modernité occidentale depuis l’Algérie est essentielle dans la construction du projet migratoire des footballeurs et se déroule sensiblement selon les mêmes modalités. Quant au choix des footballeurs professionnels « algériens de France » (« migrants familiaux » et « nés en France », tous fils de travailleurs immigrés) de défendre massivement les couleurs algériennes, il s’explique aussi par des facteurs complémentaires et congruents (sportifs, économiques et politiques) qui doivent être mis en relation avec le façonnement familial et socioculturel de leur « identité algérienne »In this doctoral thesis, we have told the stories of three successive generations of professional Algerian soccer players (the « sports migrants » of 1954-1972, the « family based immigrants » of 1972-1988 and those « born in France » between 1988 and 2002) in first and second division French clubs. To write the socio-history of these players in the French Championships (194 played for it in the period 1954 to 2002) and in the Algerian national team, we have drawn on various oral sources -some sixty interviews (« life stories ») carried out in France and in Algeria- as well as written sources : the French and Algerian press and personal records, the C. I. O, the F. A. F. , the F. I. F. A. , the Ligue d’Alger de Football and the Musée de la Préfecture de Police de Paris. From the France-North Africa match to the France-Algeria match, combining the prosopographic method and the quantitative reconstruction of this population, the goal has been to shed a new light, from a cultural point of view, on complex sports migrations. Therefore, we have emphasized the fact that theses migrations between France and Algeria were « put into play » because athletic capital in a competitive market and a historically high level of opportunity existed. Besides the crucial existence of sports and non-sports networks which might help players cross the Mediterranean and get to this relatively close country, these athletic migrations can be explained by looking at the socioeconomic perspective (the expectation of upward social mobility) and the political context, a strict governmental framework of regulations established by France and Algeria. At the heart of this historic relationship between the two countries -and for 132 years they were one and the same country, these sports migrations can also be accounted for by cultural factors which we have attempted to set forth alongside the explanations discussed earlier. Otherwise stated, these soccer players’ bicultural identity nurtured a desire in them, regardless of the country in which they were born or in which they grew up, to play in the French Championships (« desire for France ») but also to play for the Algerian national team (« desire for Algeria »). During the colonial and the postcolonial periods, Algerian acculturation to western modernity, essential to the construction of a model of the migration of Algerian soccer players, plays out more or less along the same modalities. As to the overwhelming choice of « Algerians of France » professional players (« family based immigrants » and « born in France », in both cases sons of immigrant workers) to defend the Algerian colors, this can also be explained by complementary and concomitant factors (athletic, economic and political) which must be considered in conjunction with the familial and sociocultural shaping of their « Algerian identity »
37
Kesztenbaum, Lionel. "Une histoire d'espace et de patrimoine : familles et migration dans la France de la Troisième République, 1870-1940." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006IEPP0026.
Abstract:
Ce travail s'appuie sur l'enquête dite des 3000 familles et les registres matricules militaires pour mettre en scène la famillle sur un temps long et évaluer comment elle distribue ses ressources. Pour cela, l'étude a été structurée autour de deux aspects, transmission et migration, et de trois temps familiaux, les frères, les parents et les ancêtres plus éloignés, ce qui a tout d'abord permis de mettre en évidence l'importance des contraintes ou opportinités familiales dans les ressources transmises : les capacités de chaque conscrit à vingt ans sont conditionnées autant par les ressources dont dispose sa famille que par les décisions qu'elle prend pour les distribuer. A ce titre, il convient tout à fait de parler de stratégies familiales qui influencent et, dans une certaine mesure, conditionnent, la vie des individus. Il en va de même pour la migration : le choix de migrer ou non et du lieu de la migration, dépend autant de la situation particulière de chaque famille que des décisions de mobilités antérieure. Ainsi, l'utilisation de l'espace diffère entre les groupes de parenté et conditionne en partie les comportements des générations suivantes. La migration est dans ce cadre un bien transmissible au même titre que l'éducation ou le capital économique. Surtout, elle ne constitue qu'une des options possibles et réellement utilisées par les familles. Les investissements effectués par ces dernières ne tendent pas à priviligier une option plutôt qu'une autre mais à réaliser au mieux l'adéquation entre les capacités de leurs membres et les opportunités qu'elles rencontrentThe purpose of this work is to describe family in the long run so as to estimate how it shares out of its resources. By considering geographic mobility we precisely observe how kinship decisions influence the behaviour of its members. To do so we take advantage of new historical data, based on the TRA-survey and on military registers. We the concentrate on a sample of French conscripts born in the second part of the 19th century. We show that the skills and endowments of young men are very closely related to family strategies that do influence- and contraint- their members. They also depend on the total amount of capital their family possess. We reassess the influence of kinship on geographic mobility by taking into account past migrations among the family. We use the concept of spatial capital to capture all knowledge families possess about geographical locations. We are then able to show how this knowledge is-or is not- handed down from one generation to another. This is a key point of the analysis of migration as it means that migration decisions are not only influenced by individual charasteristics or economic or historical context but also by the past migration behaviour of the family. In this way, migration is not only an investment for the migrant or for his close relatives but can be seen as a long term investment of the kinship group
38
Diarra, Krikou. "Diaspora ivoirienne en Ile-de-France et construction identitaire en migration : une analyse socio-anthropologique du fait associatif." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017STRAG006.
Abstract:
Cette recherche doctorale constitue un essai de systématisation de l'analyse de la communauté ivoirienne en Hexagone afin de comprendre d’une part, les logiques agissantes dans la structuration de celle-ci à travers le fait associatif et d’autre part, rendre intelligible le processus de diasporisation auquel elle est confrontée. Pour le dire autrement, il s’agit d’interroger la dynamique diasporique au prisme du mouvement associatif ivoirien en Île-de-France afin de déceler les logiques sur lesquelles repose la fragmentation de ce champ associatif. Les analyses ont été menées sur la base d’une combinaison des approches quantitatives et qualitatives. De cette démarche, il ressort que la fragmentation du champ associatif et l’émergence d’un inconscient diasporique dans la communauté ivoirienne en Île-de-France relève d’un même processus de construction identitaire dont l’enjeu repose sur une quête d’une visibilité aussi bien dans le milieu d’installation que dans celui d’origineThis PhD research is an essay about systemization of the analysis of the Ivorian community in France, in order to understand, first the active logic inside structure within associative actions, and second, to make intelligible the diaspora process which the community faces.This means to question the diaspora dynamism at the heart of the Ivorian associative movement in Paris area in order to detect the logic upon which the breaking up of such an associative field lies. Studies have been led on a principle, which is the combination of quantitative and qualitative approaches. According to the research, the fragmentation of the associative field and the emergence of diaspora unawareness among the Ivorian community in the Paris area belong the same process, which is the establishment of an identity whose stakes lie upon a quest of visibility at the same time, at the center of the settings and at the source
39
Pozo-GutieÌrrez, Alicia. "Between assimilation and transnationalism : a socio-cultural case study of Spanish migration to Hampshire and Dorset (1950s-1970s)." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.423380.
40
Kubal, Agnieszka Maria. "Socio-legal integration of Polish post-2004 EU enlargement migrants in the United Kingdom." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2011. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:5b53eea3-1cf1-4b0d-b79a-1adbc1c510b5.
Abstract:
After the Enlargement of the European Union in 2004, around a million Accession State migrants arrived in the United Kingdom, with Polish migrants constituting the largest group. There is a growing body of literature focusing on their migratory patterns, networks, labour market performance, and identity. However, little has been said so far about the Polish migrants' relationship with law in the United Kingdom. This thesis asks: how do the Polish post-2004 EU Enlargement migrants form their relationship with the law, and what are the factors that affect this? It focuses on the intricacies of migrants' choices of `semi-legal' over legal status, subsequent legalization strategies, and the interpretations of legality they result in. Socio-legal integration has so far been viewed solely via state legal frameworks, following the traditional approach of the `law-first' perspective. This thesis argues that it is not the institutional arrangements and legal architecture alone that decide the nature of migrants' semi-legal relationship with law in the host society. A more comprehensive insight into the socio-legal integration of migrants is possible only when we combine in the analysis the interplay between the structural factors of the host country's legal environment, migrants' agency and the culturally derived values, attitudes, behaviour and social expectations towards the law and its enforcement. The thesis therefore makes a case for a `proper' recognition of migrants' legal culture in the study of their socio-legal integration. The thesis concludes that semi-legality, as an initial response to the legal environment is not static, but changing. As a result, migrants' socio-legal integration is extended in time and gradual. Migrants' legality could be discussed at two levels - at the behavioural level and at the level of a value. Changing status between the two poles of legality and illegality brings with it greater appreciation of legality as a value. This research presents a strong argument that the relationship between behaviour and attitudes to law could be meaningfully investigated in an applied domain of the new socio-legal environment.
41
Xiong, Ziyi. "Socio-economic Impact of Fiber to the Home in Sweden." Thesis, KTH, Kommunikationssystem, CoS, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-118777.
Abstract:
Fiber-to-the-Home (FTTH) has been talked about since the introduction of fiberin the 1970s. It is nowadays shaping up to be the foundation of our newdigital society, bringing economic prosperity and a multitude of business,social, and entertainment opportunities to its users. The increased consumerdemand for high-speed network accessibility is being taken more and moreseriously and a fiber-based network is able to cope with these growing demandsdue to its wide bandwidth and reliability. Today there is a practical need forquantitative analysis regarding the socio-economic impacts of fiber-basedaccess networks. This analysis could be used as an indicator/reference for allthe stakeholder entities as they consider future investments anddevelopments. Sweden is a suitable target country for this analysis since ithas adopted fiber for some years and the benefits that FTTH has brought seemto already be tangible. The primary value of this thesis lies ininvestigation of its quantified evidence of the socio-economic impacts of FTTHdeployment in Sweden. This has been achieved based on data from the SwedishPost and Telecommunications Authority (PTS), Statistics Sweden (SCB), previousrelated studies, and information collected on-line from operators involved inthe fiber market, along with empirical analysis based on multivariateregression models. The results of the study show that fiber penetrationhas had a significant impact on the population’s evolution, specially the netamount of migration into a municipality, which indicates the attractiveness ofmunicipalities per se. It is therefore reasonable to suggest that localgovernment and local authorities take fiber deployment into consideration, ifthey want to attract people to stay for further local development. The studyalso analyzed the competition in fiber-based open networks and the prices ofsubscribing for 10/10 Mbps symmetrical Internet Service. Study findingsrevealed that networks with multiple competing service providers have a widerrange of services and a lower price: the more ISPs competing in a fibernetwork, the lower consumer prices. Specifically, for each new serviceprovider present in the network, there will be 5 SEK per month decrease of theaverage price of the Internet services, and an approximately 7 SEK per monthreduction in the lowest price. Nevertheless, a number of socio-economicimpacts remain unquantifiable as of the current time and due to the limitedavailable data. It is recommended to incorporate more socio-economic effectsin future research in order to draw a more complete picture for all theinterested sectors, and to supplement the data with recent figures for 2012and 2013.Fiber till hemmet (Fiber-to-the-Home, FTTH) har talats om sedan fiberintroducerades på 1970-talet. Det håller numera på att bli grunden för vårtnya digitala samhälle, och bidra till ekonomiskt välstånd och medföra en mängdaffärsmässiga, sociala och underhållningsmässiga möjligheter tillslutanvändare. Den ökade efterfrågan på höghastighetsnät tas mer och mer påallvar och ett fiberbaserat nät kan hantera dessa ökade krav på grund av dessbreda bandbredd och tillförlitlighet. Idag finns ett praktiskt behov avkvantitativ analys av de socioekonomiska effekterna av fiberbaseradeaccessnät. Denna analys kan användas som en indikator och referens för allaintressenter när de överväger framtida investeringar. Sverige är ett lämpligtmålland för denna analys eftersom den har antagit fiber i några år och defördelar som FTTH har fört verkar redan vara synliga. Det huvudsakligavärdet av denna avhandling ligger i utredningen av kvantifierade bevis för desocioekonomiska effekterna av FTTH utbyggnad i Sverige. Detta har uppnåtts pågrundval av uppgifter från den Post- och telestyrelsen (PTS), Statistiskacentralbyrån (SCB), tidigare liknande studier och information som samlats inpå nätet från aktörer inom fiber, tillsammans med empirisk analys baserad påmultivariate regressionsmodeller. Resultatet visat att fiber har haft enbetydande inverkan på befolkningens utveckling, speciellt netto in- ochutflyttning till en kommun, vilket indikerar attraktionskraft kommunerna isig. Det är därför rimligt att föreslå att kommunerna och de lokalamyndigheterna överväger fiber driftsättning på allvar om de vill lockainvånare att stanna för ytterligare lokal utveckling. Studien analyserar ocksåkonkurrensen på fiberbaserade öppna nät och priserna på 10/10 Mbps symmetriskInternet-tjänst. Resultaten visar att nätverk med flera konkurrerandetjänsteleverantörer har ett bredare utbud av tjänster och ett lägre pris: jufler Internetleverantörer i ett fibernät, desto lägre konsumentpriser. Merspecifikt, för varje ny tjänsteleverantör som finns i nätverket, minskar detgenomsnittliga priset med 5 kronor per månad, och det lägsta priset med cirka7 kronor per månad. Ändå förblir ett antal socioekonomiska effekteromätbara på grund av begränsade tillgängliga data. Rekommendationen är attinförliva fler socioekonomiska effekter i framtida forskning för att dra enmer komplett bild för alla berörda sektorer, och att komplettera data medfärska siffror för 2012 och 2013.
42
Saint-Sardos, Diaz Flores Jeanne. "S’affronter pour mieux unir : danseurs et musiciens de trois danses d’Ayacucho (Pérou)." Thesis, Paris 4, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA040183/document.
Abstract:
Dans la capitale péruvienne, trois danses continuent de rythmer la vie des Ayacuchanos émigrés bien que leurs contextes de performance aient subi des changements radicaux. Il s‟agit de danses de compétition réservées à des artistes spécialistes : la danse des ciseaux, celle des huaylías et celle des negritos de cinta. Dans les villages de la sierra, ces expressions représentent de véritables rituels qui s‟inscrivent au coeur des relations socioreligieuses de la communauté : elles les figurent mais participent aussi à leur renouvellement et à leur équilibre. Associée à celle qui en découle dans le domaine agricole, cette action contribue à unir la communauté et à assurer sa perpétuation tout en prenant en compte les changements et les évolutions. Ce rôle est appuyé par les modèles musico-chorégraphiques eux-mêmes puisqu‟ils laissent une grande marge de liberté et incitent à la variation et à la création. Les artistes, fins connaisseurs des usages sociaux, offrent ainsi un reflet de la société dans ce qu‟ils dansent et jouent. Le public, lui, gère la nouveauté à la fois pendant la performance mais aussi à travers les diverses mémoires qui se construisent autour des danses. De ce fait, le milieu de Lima apporte essentiellement l‟innovation et celui de la sierra la valide. Les trois danses agissent aussi dans ce sens sur le plan social : elles favorisent une certaine indépendance entre le milieu migrant et les villages tout en maintenant une unité communautaire en dehors d‟un territoire physique. Ainsi, malgré la migration, leur rôle n‟a pas vraiment changé mais s‟est juste adapté à la nouvelle situationIn the Peruvian capital, the Ayacuchano migrants‟ life is still governed by the rhythm of three dances even if their performances have undergone radical changes in their circumstances. They are competition dances restricted to specialist dancers, i.e. the scissors dance, the huaylías‟ dance and the dance of the negritos de cinta. In the sierra villages, these expressions represent genuine rituals which lie deep within the community‟s socio-religious relationships: they are their symbols but they also participate in renewing and ensuring their equilibrium. Being combined with following actions at an agricultural level, this activity contributes to uniting the community and securing its perpetuation while taking into account changes and evolutions. This role is backed up by musical-choreographic patterns since these patterns leave significant room for interpretation and encourage variations and creation. Thus the artists who are real connoisseurs of social practices present a reflection of society in what they dance or perform. As for audiences, they control the latest elements both during the performance and within the different memories built around dances. In fact the Lima milieu essentially provides innovation and the sierra environment ratifies it. The three dances also have a similar influence at a social level: they favour some independence between the migrant environment and the villages while preserving a unity of the community outside a physical territory. Consequently in spite of migration, their role has not really changed; it has simply adapted itself to the new situation
43
Gün, Gülsenem. "Migration et métissage au cinéma : l'exemple du cinéma turc." Paris 7, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA070119.
Abstract:
La relation entre le cinéma et l'immigration est complexe. D'un côté, le cinéma témoigne des histoires de migration et crée des images de migrants, de l'autre, la migration est un fait important pour le développement du cinéma avec ses dimensions démographique, sociologique, politique et culturelle. Dans notre recherche, nous essayons d'analyser les composantes de cette relation très riche entre cinéma et migration. Nous voulons surtout questionner, dans une perspective socio-historique, le rôle transformateur des migrations sur le cinéma. Il est intéressant d'étudier ce rôle dans un cinéma occidental et hégémonique comme le cinéma hollywoodien qui domine l'industrie cinématographique dans le monde entier et aussi dans un cinéma d'un pays comme la Turquie qui fait un effort d'occidentalisation et de modernisation depuis le début de son histoire. Traités de façon superficielle dans les films commerciaux, les migrants acquièrent une dimension sociologique dans les films des réalisateurs du cinéma classique comme Halit Refij et Lutfi Akad, approfondie par des réalisateurs reconnus sur la scène internationale comme Fatih AkinThe relationship between cinema and migration is complex. On the one hand, cinema reflects the stories of migration and creates images of migrants, on the other; migration is an important fact for the development of cinema with its population size and sociological, political and cultural dimensions. In our research, we try to analyze the components of this rich relationship between cinema and migration. We especially want to question in a socio-historical perspective, the transformative role of migration on cinema. It is interesting to study this role in a Western hegemonic cinema as Hollywood cinema that dominates the film industry worldwide and also in a cinema of a country like Turkey which is an effort of Westernization and modernization since the beginning of its history. Treated superficially in commercial films, migrants acquire a sociological dimension in the films of classic film directors like Halit Refià and Lutfi Akad, deepened by filmmakers recognized on the international scene as Fatih Akin
44
Binder, Pauline. "The Maternal Migration Effect : Exploring Maternal Healthcare in Diaspora Using Qualitative Proxies for Medical Anthropology." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Internationell mödra- och barnhälsovård (IMCH), 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-182870.
Abstract:
This project explores the 'maternal migration effect'. Following migration to a high-income country with a low maternal mortality rate, we assume that some immigrant women’s reliance upon maternal practices that respond to a low-income, high-mortality context can adversely affect care-seeking and utilization of treatment facilities. At highest risk in the United Kingdom and Sweden are those from Africa's Horn, particularly Somali women who have experienced diasporic migration. By applying constructivist qualitative methods as proxies for medical anthropology, we propose a framework for identifying socio-cultural factors, and then we explore how these can influence the western facility-based maternity care encounter. Study 1 proposes a conceptual framework to understand why sub-Saharan African immigrants might experience adverse childbirth outcomes in western settings. Analysis was guided by 'naturalistic inquiry method' to explore delay-causing socio-cultural factors to optimal maternity treatment. Delays can result from (a) broken trust underlying women’s late-booking or refusal of treatment interventions, and care provider frustration; (b) over-reliance on poorly-functioning interpreter services that deny women’s access to medical expertise; and (c) mutual broken trust and miscommunication, and limited development of guidelines for treatment avoidance. Limited coherence exists in the perspectives between women and providers about caesarean section and other interventions, refusal of treatment, and coping strategies following adverse birth outcomes. Care providers' held misconceptions about women’s preferences for gender- and ethnic-congruence. Women preferred competent care. Congruent language was identified as the key ingredient for optimal culture-sensitive care. Study 2 applied 'grounded dimensional analysis' and 'functional narrative analysis' to explore pre-migration socio-cultural factors that influence Somali parents' childbearing in Sweden. Women’s delayed care-seeking continues, despite that childbearing is still perceived as life-threatening. Decision-making is shared between the couple. Men more than women trust care providers to fill gaps in their knowledge. The postpartum period showed that fathers play an important role. "Aftercare" concerns include unarticulated sexual aversion combined with loss of traditional kin support. Women's autonomy is enhanced but greater necessity exists for intimate partner communication and reliance upon professional care services. Medical anthropology can provide a complementary instrument for developing qualitative evidence-based strategies that target prevention of adverse childbirth outcomes in European countries.
45
Mezdour, Amina. "Le rôle des facteurs environnementaux dans la migration internationale : étude de cas des immigrants haïtiens au Canada." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/30965.
Abstract:
Cette thèse pose un regard environnemental sur la migration internationale des Haïtiens au Canada en relevant les types de changements environnementaux qui affectent les populations urbaines et rurales tout en analysant l’interaction de ces éléments avec des facteurs non-environnementaux (politiques, économiques et sociaux). Pour cela, nous avons procédé à une collecte de données de type qualitative, dont des entrevues semi-structurées avec des informateurs clés (huit personnes), des groupes de discussion (20 participants) et des entrevues individuelles (sept participants). Cette recherche met ainsi en évidence qu’aucun participant n’a immigré uniquement à cause d’enjeux environnementaux, soulignant de la sorte qu’une telle décision résulte de l’interaction entre divers facteurs environnementaux et non-environnementaux difficilement distinguable les uns des autres. Ainsi, nous favorisons une analyse inclusive lors de l’étude de la migration environnementale en proposant le concept de « migration environnementale inter-active ». En second lieu, cette thèse se penche sur le rôle des classes sociales et des réseaux sociaux dans les stratégies d’immigration et souligne que les choix de destinations ainsi que les stratégies d’immigration (étudiants, travailleurs qualifiés, réunification familiale, demandeurs d’asile et réfugié) varient selon ces deux facteurs, surtout lorsque la destination est le Canada.
46
Hatziprokopiou, Panos Arion. "Globalisation, migration and socio-economic change in contemporary Greece : processes of social incorporation of Albanian and Bulgarian immigrants in Thessaloniki." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.483600.
47
Sansilvestri, Roxane. "Evaluation de la capacité adaptative des socio-écosystèmes forestiers français face au changement climatique : le cas de la migration assistée." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015SACLS257/document.
Abstract:
Dans la problématique du changement climatique, la mise en place de nouvelles stratégies d’adaptation apparaît comme un des grands challenges de nos sociétés actuelles. C’est au début des années 2000, que la communauté scientifique a proposé une option de gestion de la biodiversité afin de limiter les impacts dus à la vitesse du changement climatique, cette option étant connue sous le nom de migration assistée (MA). Cependant, malgré une justification théorique intéressante, l’application de cette pratique a soulevé de nombreuses questions autant éthiques, écologiques, économiques que politiques. Tout au long de cette thèse, je me suis intéressée à la capacité d’adaptation des acteurs face au changement climatique, via la mise en place de nouvelles pratiques de gestion, en s’intéressant tout particulièrement au cas de la MA. Compte tenu du rythme de migration lent des espèces forestières, les forêts représentent un écosystème pertinent pour la mise en place de la MA, et plus spécifiquement pour la France, qui compte plus de 29% de son territoire en surface boisée avec une forte problématique de fragmentation. Dans la première partie de cette thèse, nous nous sommes intéressés au débat que la MA a suscité et j’ai analysé les blocages qui existent actuellement dans sa conception et sa mise en place. Sur la base d’une analyse comparative entre la France et le Canada, j’ai pu mettre en évidence que les différentes conceptions d’adaptation et de MA entre les acteurs politiques et les scientifiques représentaient des barrières à l’application de programmes de MA. Ainsi, j’ai proposé une nouvelle conception de la MA, avec un volet écosystémique, permettant de limiter les approches économico-centrée de ces programmes. De plus, j’ai démontré que l’action de MA ne s’inscrit pas seulement dans une démarche de précaution mais également de prévention, dénouant ainsi le blocage présent sur la question du « quand doit-on agir ? ». Après une analyse théorique et empirique de la MA et de son contexte, dans la seconde partie, nous nous sommes posés la question de sa réelle application sur le terrain. J’ai donc analysé la capacité des acteurs forestiers locaux à mettre en œuvre des stratégies d’adaptation grâce à une méthode originale d’estimation des capitaux locaux. Malheureusement, cette analyse a montré qu’à l’heure actuelle, les forestiers mettent plus facilement en place des stratégies favorisant la robustesse que des stratégies plus complexes de résilience globale ou de transformabilité, telle que la MA, augmentant ainsi la fragilisation des socio-écosystèmes et risquant des transitions brutalesIn a climate change context, the implementation of adaptive strategies appears as one of the greatest challenges for our societies. At the beginning of the 21st century, the scientific community proposed an adaptation option to limit climate change impacts on biodiversity, the assisted migration (AM). Despite a good theoretical justification, the AM application raises several questions about ecological, economical, ethical and political issues. Along this thesis, I was interested in the adaptive capacity of society actors concerning the changing climate, through the implementation of new practices as AM. Given the slow migration capacity of tree species, forests represent a relevant ecosystem for AM application, especially in France which has more than 29% of its surface as forest areas that are highly fragmented. In the first part of this thesis, I concentrated on the AM debate and I analyzed the actual barriers in its conception and its implementation. On the basis of a comparative analysis between France and Canada, I highlighted that different acceptations of adaptation and AM between policy and scientific actors represent a barrier for the implementation of adaptive strategies, as AM. Hence, I proposed a new concept of AM at the ecosystem scale, allowing limiting the focus on economic issues of AM programs. Moreover, I demonstrated that the AM actions are not constrained in a precautionary approach but could be applied in a prevention context. These results unties the deadlock about the “when to act?” question. After an empirical and theoretical analysis of AM and its context, in the second part of this thesis, I was interested on the real application of AM in the field. Therefore, I evaluated the capacity of forest actors to change their practices in a climate change context, with an original method based on the estimation of local capitals. Sadly, this analysis showed that for the moment, foresters implement more easily strategies for increasing robustness than resilient or transformative strategies, increasing the fragility of socio-ecosystems and risking a violent collapse of them
48
PAUS, ANNA. "ORGANISATION, COOPERATION AND REDUCTION: A SOCIO-ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF ILLEGAL MARKET ACTORS FACILITATING IRREGULAR MIGRATION AT EU-INTERNAL TRANSIT POINTS." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/737858.
Abstract:
The facilitation of irregular migration by organised criminal groups [OCGs] at EU-internal transit points represents a specific illegal market type. This PhD thesis uses a mixed methodology approach to study this market with a focus on Italy, one of the main entry and transit countries for irregular migrants aiming to reach Central and Northern Europe, as well as the pulsating heart of intense EU-public and political debate around issues of mismanaged, undocumented immigration.
While the debate has concentrated on the organised smuggling of irregular migrants via sea routes, less attention has been paid to EU-inland routes. What is known about the latter is mainly restricted to sporadic cases in which smuggling journeys have ended tragically. This has led to the rather uninformed and sensationalist notion that the market for human smuggling is monopolised by highly structured and sophisticated transnational OCGs. However, existing empirical evidence rather suggests OCGs to be weakly-tied and fragmented in structure. Considering that these OCGs operate on a highly uncertain market, which lacks in institutional control and formal contracts, it becomes not only interesting, but vital to understand how these OCGs nevertheless execute their business successfully.
The purpose of this thesis is to shed light on the organisational structure of OCGs operating on this illegal market type, to elucidate how its decentralised structure influences the market’s operation, and to analyse relational mechanisms that induce cooperative rather than opportunistic behaviour by illegal market actors. In doing so, the specificities and parallels of this distinct illegal market actor are compared to human smuggling organisations operating at EU-external borders. On the basis of these results, novel market reduction measures are pointed out, which are context-tailored, as well as more generally applicable to countering human smuggling into and within the EU.
The study aims to achieve its purpose through a context-specific socio-economic analysis of organised human smuggling at transit points internally to the EU by means of: (i) a critical review of the literature on EU-related human smuggling; (ii) a thematic analysis of secondary sources as well as expert interviews on EU-internal organised human smuggling, and finally, (iii) a social network analysis of a selected, large-scale human smuggling organisation in Northern Italy.
Together, these three different analyses lead to significant conclusions. OCGs involved in EU-internal human smuggling exhibit a decentralised organsational structure, which includes at most a two-tier level, including resourceful smugglers at the top and precarious individuals at the bottom. These OCGs are constituted not only by foreign- but also largely by European actors. Common ethnicity appears to facilitate cooperation between smugglers, as well as the criminal experience of a few. Compared to increasingly structured OCGs operating at the borders of Europe, the EU-internal human smuggling market appears still less organised and less violent and/or life-threatening for migrants. The latter is exhibited by a shift from physical transport to the progressive use of fraudulent documents on the EU-internal human smuggling market, which however might indicate increased involvement of resourcesful smugglers.
It is argued that such a highly resilient illegal market structure can only be countered through (i) the improved targeting of high-tier smugglers but more importantly, necessitates (ii) recruitment prevention strategies that target the marginalisation and socio-economic precarity of smugglers, which are measures that notably overlap with the aim to reduce the demand of irregular migrants for smuggling services in the first place.
49
Everist, Mary Patricia. "Immigrant vulnerability in high-risk industry a socio-occupational examination of counties with large meatpacking plants in Iowa and Nebraska /." [Tampa, Fla.] : University of South Florida, 2005. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/SFE0001051.
50
Corvaisier, Gaëlle. "Histoire coloniale, fiction féminine : Frictions en francophonies. Étude comparative d'oeuvres de Maryse Condé et d'Assia Djebar." Phd thesis, Université de la Sorbonne nouvelle - Paris III, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00978558.
Abstract:
Pourquoi le passé colonial français lointain (esclavagisme aux Antilles entre XVe et XIXe siècles) ou plus récent (Algérie française de 1830 à 1962 ; colonisation française en Afrique de 1895 à 1958) hante les œuvres d'écrivains francophones en postcolonialisme ? Comment l'irrésolution de tensions historiques façonne les récits de l'Antillaise Maryse Condé (Célanire cou-coupé, La Belle Créole) et de l'Algérienne Assia Djebar (Les nuits de Strasbourg, La disparition de la langue française) ? Par l'étude de personnages aux frontières mémorielle, territoriale et identitaire, ces auteurs déroulent les maux de l'histoire à travers le prisme de la mémoire. Les décès, assassinats et tortures, et la pérennité de cette violence à travers les générations soulignent l'irrésolution d'une mémoire coloniale et impérialiste. Avec la question de l'altérité et du regard porté sur la figure de l'autre, cette étude analyse des frictions identitaires : solidarité ethnique et sociale ; cercle vicieux qui lie bourreaux et victimes ; stigmatisation du couple mixte ; transgression des codes sociaux soulignant leur inanité ; communauté LGBTI et propension individuelle à intérioriser des préjugés malgré leur préjudice ; peurs issues de l'indéterminisme de personnages métis. Avec des personnages passeurs de frontières, la marge et le centre, la frontière et l'entre-deux deviennent des espaces d'exploration d'un multiculturalisme illimité. C'est donc une décolonisation des imaginaires dont il est question.